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Nakamura Y, Nogami Y, Iwase Y, Hozawa M, Sotome T, Saitoh I, Ohuchi A, Hayasaki H. Dental caries prevalence in children during temporary protective care according to type of abuse. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1345. [PMID: 38762490 PMCID: PMC11102624 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the correlation between the prevalence of dental caries and the presence and type of abuse. METHODS Participants were 534 children admitted for care at two child guidance centers (CGCs) in Niigata, Japan. Data pertaining to abuse, including the reason for temporary protective care and the type of abuse, and the oral examination results of the children, were collected. These results were then compared with those of a national survey and analyzed in relation to the presence and type of abuse. RESULTS The odds ratio for decayed teeth was 4.1, indicating a higher risk in children admitted to the CGCs. However, no significant association was found between the presence of decayed, filled, or caries-experienced teeth and the presence of abuse. A significant positive association was observed between dental caries and one type of abuse, indicating a greater prevalence of dental caries in cases of neglect. The findings of this study suggest that the type of abuse, rather than its presence, is associated with dental caries. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that proactive support should be provided to children in problematic nurturing environments, regardless of whether they have been subjected to abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakamura
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkochodori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Nogami
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkochodori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care, 6-9-38 Nakatsu, Kita Ward, Osaka, 531-0071, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Yoko Iwase
- Department of Dentistry for the Disability and Oral Health, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Mio Hozawa
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkochodori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sotome
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkochodori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Akitsugu Ohuchi
- Division of Welfare, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkochodori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Haruaki Hayasaki
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkochodori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
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Håkstad K, Fegran L, Hovden E, Köpp UMS. Orofacial signs of child or adolescent maltreatment identified by dentists and dental hygienists: A scoping review. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024; 34:285-301. [PMID: 38050876 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child maltreatment, the abuse or neglect of children aged 0-18 years, is a severe and underreported global problem. Compared with other body parts, the orofacial region displays more signs of child maltreatment. Dentists and dental hygienists are therefore well situated to identify orofacial signs of child maltreatment. AIM To map the current literature on orofacial signs of child maltreatment identified by dentists or dental hygienists. DESIGN A scoping review was conducted based on systematic searches of Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and CINAHL (EBSCOhost) for primary qualitative and quantitative studies through June 6, 2022. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies were included in this scoping review. Though all child maltreatment types were identified in dental settings, physical abuse and dental neglect were most commonly identified. Reports of caries dominated the orofacial signs, followed by bruises (intra- and extraoral), poor oral hygiene, dental trauma, and lacerations (intra- and extraoral). Case reports were used most commonly to describe orofacial signs of child maltreatment. CONCLUSION Dental clinicians identify orofacial signs of all child maltreatment types intraorally. Dentists identify the same extraoral signs as do other healthcare professionals, with bruising being the most common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Håkstad
- Department of Health- and Sport Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Agder County Municipality, Public Dental Service, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Liv Fegran
- Department of Health- and Sport Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Peadiatrics, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Ewa Hovden
- The Oral Health Centre of Expertise in East of (TkØ), Kristiansand, Norway
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Han H, Koziol-McLain J, Morse Z, Lees AB. Current approaches addressing oral health practitioners' responsiveness to child abuse and neglect: A scoping review protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296650. [PMID: 38330062 PMCID: PMC10852231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Child abuse and neglect (CAN) poses significant risks, causing severe and long-lasting effects on a child's well-being, including physical and mental health and learning and socializing capabilities. Oral health practitioners (OHPs) uniquely position themselves to identify signs of maltreatment in the orofacial area, offer appropriate support, and collaborate with a multidisciplinary team. The literature has shown that OHPs under-report child protection concerns to a statutory child protection agency. Responding to CAN is often hindered by various factors, such as the fear of making false accusations and insufficient knowledge to detect and report potential cases. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of the strategies and interventions that can address the responsiveness of OHPs and other professionals to child protection issues. This scoping review aims to provide a broad overview and map the literature on the existing approaches to enhance the responsiveness of OHPs in child protection. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proposed scoping review will be conducted following the JBI methodology for scoping reviews guideline and reported using the PRISMA-ScR guideline. The first exploratory search is conducted to refine the search strategy and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The second search will include MEDLINE (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), Dentistry & Oral Science Source (EBSCO), Cochrane Library, and Scopus, with a date range from January 2000 to March 2023. The third search will involve reference list searching and gray literature searching in Google and Google Scholar. Government and international health organizations' websites will be searched for policies and guidelines. The review will consider studies that report the current approaches to address OHPs' responsiveness to CAN in any setting. Two reviewers will independently select sources and extract data. Any disagreements will be resolved by consensus of the research team. The extracted data will be presented in a tabulated chart with a narrative summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heuiwon Han
- Department of Oral Health, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane Koziol-McLain
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Trauma Research, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zac Morse
- Department of Oral Health, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amanda B. Lees
- School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Folayan MO, Schroth RJ, Ayouni I, Nguweneza A, Arheiam A, Al-Batayneh OB, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, Duangthip D, Sun IG, Mohebbi S, Feldens CA, Tantawi ME. A scoping review linking early childhood caries to violence, neglect, internally displaced, migrant and refugee status. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:747. [PMID: 37821894 PMCID: PMC10568772 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the scoping review was to identify and synthesize the available literature concerning the relationship between the status of refugees, migrants, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) and Early Childhood Caries (ECC) as it relates to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG 16). METHODS Data regarding the links between the status of refugees, migrants, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) and Early Childhood Caries (ECC), and the associations between ECC and maternal and child exposure to physical and sexual abuse, insecurity, crime, exploitation, torture, and displacement were extracted. The search was carried out in January 2023 across three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus). Only publications in English with accessible full texts were included. Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize the categories of the retrieved papers, and graphical representation was employed for visualization purposes. The relationships between the publications and each of the 10 targets of Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG 16) were also assessed. RESULTS Forty-five studies were reviewed. Most studies (42.2%) originated from the Americas Regions, while no studies were identified from the Africa Region. A significant portion (46.7%) of the papers focused on abuse, violence, and neglect as risk factors for ECC. Migrants, refugees, and IDPs were the most investigated populations (44.4%). Only one study specifically focused on IDPs and migrants respectively. The prevalence of untreated caries was higher among migrants, refugees, and IDPs compared to the host community, ECC was more prevalent among children who experienced abuse, neglect, or were in protective care. The was no clear direction on the associations between ECC and intimate partner violence, adverse childhood experiences, and wars. In terms of the SDGs, the reviewed publications addressed four targets (SDG16.1, SDG16.2, SDG16.3, and SDG16.5) out of the ten targets outlined in SDG 16. CONCLUSION There is available evidence regarding the connections between ECC and war, refugees, migration, violence, and neglect, as outlined in SDG 16. Future studies are needed to investigate how forced movements directly affects ECC status, how disruptions of peace and stability is a risk factor for ECC, and the associations between ECC and other indicators related to SDG 16 targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Imen Ayouni
- Department of pediatrics and child health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arthemon Nguweneza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivy Guofang Sun
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simin Mohebbi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Carlos A Feldens
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Reis AA, Monteiro MF, Bonilha GM, Saraiva L, Araújo C, Santamaria MP, Casati MZ, Kumar P, Casarin RCV. Parents with periodontitis drive the early acquisition of dysbiotic microbiomes in their offspring. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:890-904. [PMID: 37086047 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the microbial colonization in different dentition phases on individuals from 0 to 18 years of age belonging to families with a history of periodontitis compared to descendants of periodontally healthy parents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The offspring of subjects with periodontitis ('Perio' group) and the offspring of periodontally healthy subjects ('Healthy' group), matched for gender and age, were included in this cross-sectional study and divided according to the dentition phase: pre-dentate, primary, mixed and permanent. The patients were clinically assessed, and their saliva was collected. DNA was extracted, and V1-V3 and V4-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced. RESULTS Fifty children of parents with periodontitis and 50 from healthy parents were included in the study and divided according to the dentition phase: pre-dentate (n = 5/group), primary dentition (n = 15/group), mixed dentition (n = 15/group) and permanent dentition (n = 15/group) in each group. The microbiome composition was different between dentitions for both groups. Children of the Perio group presented a microbial diversity different from that of the Healthy group in mixed and permanent dentitions. The more intense shift in the community occurred between primary and mixed dentition in the Perio group, while the transition between mixed and permanent dentition was the period with greater changes in the microbiome for the Healthy group. Furthermore, a pathogen-rich environment-higher prevalence and abundance of periodontitis-associated species such as Prevotella spp., Selenomonas spp., Leptotrichia spp., Filifactor alocis, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia- was observed in the Perio group. CONCLUSIONS The parents' periodontal status significantly affects the microbiome composition of their offspring from an early age. The mixed dentition was the phase associated with establishing a dysbiotic and pathogen-rich microbiome in descendants of parents with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luciana Saraiva
- School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassia Araújo
- Institute of Health Science, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Purnima Kumar
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Balgiu BA, Sfeatcu R, Mihai C, Ilici RR, Parlatescu I, Tribus L. Validity and Reliability of the Dental Neglect Scale among Romanian Adults. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071035. [PMID: 35887532 PMCID: PMC9323145 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dental Neglect Scale (DNS) is a well-known measure for assessing behaviours and attitudes related to oral health. However, the factor inconsistency revealed by the literature involves further investigations. The study focuses on the validation of the DNS in the case of a sample of the adult population from Romania. In this regard, data were collected online from 872 adults (616 females and 256 males). DNS reliability was examined from the perspective of internal consistency. Convergent validity was performed by associating DNS with different scales from the oral health field. In order to examine and confirm the factorial structure, the sample was broken down into two subsamples which made the subject of the exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA), respectively. DNS-RO is positively associated with the scale which measures the values related to oral health (OHVS) and negatively with those that assess the impact of the oral health on life quality (OHIP-14), the distrust of the benefits of oral health services (R-DBS), and reduced need for oral care (DIS). The Cronbach’s α = 0.70, McDonald’s ω = 0.70 and CR = 0.77 are acceptable. Both EFA and CFA (χ2/df = 1.13; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.017; SRMR = 0.059) support the unifactorial structure of the scale. The gender differences show that females evince greater care for oral health than male subjects. The study shows that the DNS-RO can be used to assess the behaviours and attitudes towards oral health in the case of the Romanian adult population in epidemiological studies and health promotion programs through health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Adriana Balgiu
- Department of Career and Educational Training, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenţei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ruxandra Sfeatcu
- Department of Oral Health and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (R.R.I.)
| | - Christina Mihai
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Roxana Romanița Ilici
- Department of Prosthesis Technology and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21 Calea Plevnei Street, Sector 1, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (R.R.I.)
| | - Ioanina Parlatescu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21, Calea Plevnei Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Laura Tribus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21, Calea Plevnei Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
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Bağ İ. The attitudes of parents toward the oral health of children and their reflection on the non-cavitated caries lesions. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Clinical Consequences of Dental Caries, Parents' Perception of Child's Oral Health and Attitudes towards Dental Visits in a Population of 7-Year-Old Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115844. [PMID: 34072416 PMCID: PMC8198085 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the occurrence of the consequences of dental caries and factors affecting dental service utilization in a population of 7-year-old children. The research included oral examination of 7-year-old schoolchildren and socio-medical study of their parents/legal caregivers. It was carried out in five primary schools of two provinces, i.e., Greater Poland and Lubusz. Dental examination was performed in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. The socio-medical study consisted of questionnaires with close-ended questions concerning socioeconomic characteristics of the family, reasons and time of the last visit at the dental office, consequences of child’s oral health problems, parents’ attitude towards dental visits, and parental opinion about their child’s teeth. Factors affecting utilization of dental services were statistically analyzed using univariate logistic regression assuming p < 0.05. The pufa index of examined children ranged from 0 to 7 (mean 0.80 ± 1.49), while the dmf index ranged from 0 to 14 (3.86 ± 3.32). Low financial burden of oral health expenditures and university education of at least one of the parents significantly increased the chance of visiting a dentist despite lack of pain (OR = 3.0 and 2.5, respectively). In spite of the availability of free dental care for children, socioeconomic factors still determine the utilization of dental services in Poland. Poor oral health status of examined population and negligence of regular dental check-ups emphasize a need to strengthen oral health literacy of parents and children, promoting proper attitudes towards dental care.
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Bradbury-Jones C, Isham L, Morris AJ, Taylor J. The "Neglected" Relationship Between Child Maltreatment and Oral Health? An International Scoping Review of Research. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2021; 22:265-276. [PMID: 31043121 DOI: 10.1177/1524838019841598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the oral health needs of children who have, or are suspected of having, experienced abuse or neglect has become a focus of concern. It is thus valuable and timely to map the contemporary nature of the research landscape in this expanding field. This review reports the findings of a scoping review of the international empirical literature. The aim was to explore the relationship between child maltreatment and oral health and how this complex issue is addressed in contemporary dental, health, and social work practice. The review identified 68 papers, analysis of which identified three themes: (1) There is a relationship between poor oral health and child maltreatment that is well evidenced but conceptually underdeveloped. (2) There are discrepancies between the knowledge of members of the dental team about child maltreatment and their confidence and aptitude to identify and report child protection concerns. (3) There are areas of local-level policy and practice development that seek to improve working relationships between dentists and health and social work practitioners; however, there is widespread evidence that the oral health needs of this group of vulnerable children are not consistently met. To orientate critical discussion and planning for future research and practice, we present the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendations (PAGER) framework. The review's findings are likely to be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers working across dentistry, health and social work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise Isham
- 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Julie Taylor
- 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Are anxiety and the presence of siblings risk factors for dental neglect and oral health status in children? Arch Pediatr 2021; 28:123-128. [PMID: 33455845 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neglect has a negative effect on all aspects of a child's overall health. Dental neglect is the intentional failure of parents or caregivers to take precautions and ensure the necessary dental treatment, and is closely related to dental caries and anxiety. We aimed to determine whether the presence of siblings causes dental neglect, and whether there is a relationship between dental neglect and anxiety. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 100 children and their parents. The children's oral health status was evaluated using the DMFT/dmft and PUFA/pufa indices. In addition, the parents completed the Dental Neglect Scale and a questionnaire, while the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale was administered to the children to assess their dental anxiety. RESULTS Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the number of children in the family was statistically significantly associated with DMFT/dmft (β=2.963; P<0.001), PUFA/pufa (β=1.271; P=0.005), and dental neglect scores (β=5.449; P<0.001). The PUFA/pufa scores were statistically higher among children who had visited a dentist before (β=1.181; P=0.043). CONCLUSIONS The high level of dental anxiety and neglect in children with more than one sibling indicates that families should be more aware of the importance of oral health.
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Abstract
Dental neglect can be an indicator of general child neglect. Inadequately treated dental disease may have significant long-term impacts on the physical and psychological well-being of children. Primary care providers play a critical role in the prevention of dental neglect, and should be aware of the manifestations of dental caries and dental trauma. When diagnosing dental neglect, health professionals should ensure the child's caregivers have demonstrated an understanding of the condition, its consequences, and the recommended treatment and then failed to comply with the treatment. Attempts should be made to eliminate any barriers preventing caretakers from complying with professional advice. Dental neglect is a form of child maltreatment and, if suspected, should be reported to the appropriate child protective agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora Spiller
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Abuse Pediatrics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, Center for Miracles, 315 N. San Saba Street, Suite 201, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA
| | - James Lukefahr
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Abuse Pediatrics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, Center for Miracles, 315 N. San Saba Street, Suite 201, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA
| | - Nancy Kellogg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Abuse Pediatrics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, Center for Miracles, 315 N. San Saba Street, Suite 201, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA
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12
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Hatipoğlu Z, Akşit-Bıçak D. Maternal anxiety, social status, and dental caries formation in children: a cross-sectional study. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:6206-6214. [PMID: 31566045 PMCID: PMC7045670 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519878377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We sought to evaluate the association of maternal anxiety and social status with caries formation in children. Methods Participants comprised 258 pairs of children and their mothers. We collected information regarding age, sex, birth order of children, and mothers’ education and marital status using a questionnaire. The Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to determine maternal trait anxiety levels. The children underwent oral examination. Total values for decayed, missing, filled, and total permanent/primary teeth (DMFT/dmft) were evaluated according to standards of the World Health Organization. Results No significant relationship was found between the mother's anxiety level and DMFT/dmft scores in their children. A negative correlation was observed between the child’s age and dental caries in children. The sex of the child, mother's education level, and marital status of the mother showed a weak negative correlation with the number of dental caries observed in their children. Conclusion Although social, economic, and environmental factors might contribute substantially to the development of dental caries, we failed to demonstrate a clear relationship between maternal anxiety and social status and dental caries in children. We can therefore conclude that biological factors are decisive in the formation of dental caries among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Hatipoğlu
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Damla Akşit-Bıçak
- Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nicosia Mersin 10, Turkey
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13
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Chen KJ, Gao SS, Duangthip D, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Prevalence of early childhood caries among 5-year-old children: A systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 10:e12376. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kitty J. Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Sherry S. Gao
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Edward C. M. Lo
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
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Nogami Y, Iwase Y, Kagoshima A, Saitoh I, Nakajima T, Takahashi H, Nakagawa K, Yoshihara A, Ohuchi A, Asahito T, Hayasaki H. Dental caries prevalence and treatment level of neglected children at two child guidance centers. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Sillevis Smitt H, de Leeuw J, de Vries T. Association Between Severe Dental Caries and Child Abuse and Neglect. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:2304-2306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Azañedo D, Hernández-Vásquez A, Casas-Bendezú M, Gutiérrez C, Agudelo-Suárez AA, Cortés S. Factors determining access to oral health services among children aged less than 12 years in Peru. F1000Res 2017; 6:1680. [PMID: 29527289 PMCID: PMC5820620 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.12474.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding problems of access to oral health services requires knowledge of factors that determine access. This study aimed to evaluate factors that determine access to oral health services among children aged <12 years in Peru between 2014 and 2015. Methods: We performed a secondary data analysis of 71,614 Peruvian children aged <12 years and their caregivers. Data were obtained from the Survey on Demography and Family Health 2014-2015 (Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar - ENDES). Children's access to oral health services within the previous 6 months was used as the dependent variable (i.e. Yes/No), and the Andersen and col model was used to select independent variables. Predisposing (e.g., language spoken by tutor or guardian, wealth level, caregivers' educational level, area of residence, natural region of residence, age, and sex) and enabling factors (e.g. type of health insurance) were considered. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and multivariate analysis was performed using generalized linear models (Poisson family). Results: Of all the children, 51% were males, 56% were aged <5 years, and 62.6% lived in urban areas. The most common type of health insurance was Integral Health Insurance (57.8%), and most respondents were in the first quintile of wealth (31.6%). Regarding caregivers, the most common educational level was high school (43.02%) and the most frequently spoken language was Spanish (88.4%). Univariate analysis revealed that all variables, except sex and primary educational level, were statistically significant. After adjustment, sex, area of residence, and language were insignificant, whereas the remaining variables were statistically significant. Conclusions: Wealth index, caregivers' education level, natural region of residence, age, and type of health insurance are factors that determine access to oral health services among children aged <12 years in Peru. These factors should be considered when devising strategies to mitigate against inequities in access to oral health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Azañedo
- Center of Research on Population, Universidad Católica los Ángeles de Chimbote (ULADECH-Católica, Chimbote, 02800, Peru
| | - Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, 15434, Peru
- Grupo de Modelamiento Matemático y Simulación Numérica, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez
- Center of Research and Extension, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
| | - Sandra Cortés
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, 8330077, Chile
- Medicine School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330077, Chile
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17
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Momeni Z, Sargeran K, Yazdani R, Sighaldeh SS. Perception of Iranian Mothers About Oral Health of Their School-Children: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2017; 14:180-190. [PMID: 29285028 PMCID: PMC5745222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral health is an important aspect of general health and well-being for children. Understanding the viewpoint of mothers about children's oral health provides a basis for the development of interventions to improve oral care and disease prevention. The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of Iranian mothers regarding the oral health of their children. MATERIALS AND METHODS This descriptive qualitative study was the first phase of an exploratory mixed method design and collected data from April to May 2015 in Tehran, Iran. The qualitative data were collected through seven focus group discussions and three semi-structured interviews. The participants were 58 Iranian women who had a first grader. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. RESULTS The main themes identified from the data were: (I) the definition of oral health, (II) the importance of maintaining oral health and dental treatment, (III) the effect of nutrition on children's oral health, (IV) the role of oral health behaviors, (V) the causes of dental caries and malocclusion/crowding, (VI) the symptoms and causes of gum disease, (VII) the causes of halitosis. CONCLUSIONS According to the mothers' perception, the main factors influencing children's oral health were: nutrition and oral health behaviors such as daily tooth brushing and flossing. The results of this study can be used to develop a model of oral health education and a prevention program for improving oral health among Iranian school-children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Momeni
- PhD Candidate, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Sargeran
- Assistant Professor, Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Yazdani
- Associate Professor, Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Shahbazi Sighaldeh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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[Access to oral health services in children under twelve years of age in Peru, 2014]. Salud Colect 2017; 12:429-441. [PMID: 28414852 DOI: 10.18294/sc.2016.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore the patterns of dental health services access in children under twelve years of age in Peru. Data from 25,285 children under 12 years who participated in the Demographic and Family Health Survey of 2014 were reviewed. An exploratory spatial analysis was performed to project the proportions of children with access to dental health services, according to national regions, type of health service and urban or rural place of residence. The results show that of the total sample, 26.7% had access to dental health services in the last six months, 39.6% belonged to the age group 0-4 years, 40.6% lived in the Andean region and 58.3% lived in urban areas. The regions of Huancavelica, Apurimac, Ayacucho, Lima and Pasco had the highest percentages of access nationwide. In conclusion, there is low access to dental health services in the population under 12 years of age in Peru. The spatial distribution of access to dental health services allows regions to be identified and grouped according to similar access patterns, in order to better focus public health actions.
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Costa FDS, Azevedo MS, Ardenghi TM, Pinheiro RT, Demarco FF, Goettems ML. Do maternal depression and anxiety influence children's oral health-related quality of life? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2017; 45:398-406. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
- School of Dentistry; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
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Hultquist AI, Bågesund M. Dentin caries risk indicators in 1-year-olds. A two year follow-up study. Acta Odontol Scand 2016; 74:613-619. [PMID: 27624864 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2016.1227085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries (ECC) risk factors are suspected to vary between regions with different caries prevalence. AIM Identify ECC risk factors for 1-year-olds predicting dentin caries at 3 years of age in a region with low caries prevalence. DESIGN Caries risk was assessed by dental hygienist or dental assistant in 779 one-year-olds. The oral mutans streptococci (MS) score was performed from a tooth surface or (in pre-dentate children) from oral mucosa. A parental questionnaire with questions regarding family factors (siblings with or without caries), general health, food habits (night meals, breastfeeding, other beverage than water), oral hygiene habits and emerged teeth were answered by parents of the 1-year-olds. Dentin caries was assessed when the children were 3-year-olds. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were used for identification of caries-associated factors. RESULTS An increased caries risk was assessed in 4.4% of the 1-year-olds. Dentin caries was found in 2.6% of the 3-year-olds. Caries risk at 1 year was associated with caries at 3 years (OR = 6.5, p = .002). Multiple regression analysis found the variables Beverages other than water (OR = 7.1, p < 0.001), Caries in sibling (OR = 4.8, p = .002), High level of MS (score 2-3) (OR = 3.4, p = .03) and Night meal (OR = 3.0, p = .03) to be associated with caries. The single variables Beverage other than water between meals and Caries in sibling were more reliable than Caries risk assessed performed by dental personnel. CONCLUSIONS Behavioural, family and microbial factors are important when assessing caries risk among 1-year-olds in a region with low caries experience.
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Ramazani N. Child dental neglect: a short review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH RISK BEHAVIORS & ADDICTION 2014; 3:e21861. [PMID: 25741483 PMCID: PMC4331660 DOI: 10.5812/ijhrba.21861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Context: Child dental neglect is a terrible tragedy with a high prevalence. Dealing with this issue is important regarding psychological and physical health policies. The current review was conducted to provide health professionals insight into the different aspects of child dental neglect as reported in previous literature. Evidence Acquisition: Our review was prepared through an electronic search using Pub Med, Science Direct, Medline, Google, Cochran Library, Google Scholar and EMBASE databases. Relevant papers published since 2000 until now in English, discussing child dental neglect were retrieved. Both original and review papers were included. Eligible articles were fully read by the author. A data form was used to record useful findings. Results: Distinguishing the direct and indirect signs of dental neglect is the first step for improvement of this matter. The dental team are the main professionals who can improve parental knowledge about the consequences of child dental neglect. Victims suffer from short and long-term adverse outcomes. Collaborative attempts need to be made by different health professionals to deal with this problem. Conclusions: Child dental neglect has many long-term impacts. The main professionals who are responsible for identification, intervention and treatment of child dental neglect are dental practitioners. However, other professionals cannot ignore this task. Finally, child dental neglect, despite its derivative outcomes, may be a presentation of a broader maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Ramazani
- Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Nahid Ramazani, Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5412423218, +98-9155009085, Fax: +98-5412414003, E-mail:
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