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Flux MC, Smith DG, Allen JJB, Mehl MR, Medrano A, Begay TK, Middlemist BH, Marquart BM, Cole SP, Sauder CJ, Lowry CA, Raison CL. Association of plasma cytokines and antidepressant response following mild-intensity whole-body hyperthermia in major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:132. [PMID: 37085494 PMCID: PMC10121589 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) shows promise for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Because MDD is associated with increased inflammation, and anti-inflammatory agents show some promise as antidepressants, the current study sought to identify the acute and longer-term immune effects of WBH in participants with MDD and to explore whether these effects associate with the procedure's antidepressant properties. Thirty participants who met DSM-IV-TR criteria for MDD were randomized to receive a single session of WBH (n = 16) or sham treatment (n = 14). Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores were assessed at baseline and 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-treatment (WBH vs. sham), and plasma cytokine concentrations were assessed at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and 1 and 4 weeks post-treatment. As previously reported, WBH produced a rapid and sustained antidepressant effect. When compared to sham, WBH increased plasma interleukin (IL)-6 immediately post-treatment (time by treatment: χ2(3, N=108) = 47.33, p < 0.001), while having no effect on other cytokines acutely and no impact on IL-6, or any other cytokine, at 1 or 4 weeks post treatment. In the study sample as a whole, increased IL-6 post-treatment was associated with reduced HDRS depression scores over the 6 weeks of follow-up (F(1, 102.3) = 6.74, p = 0.01). These results suggest a hitherto unrecognized relationship between hyperthermia, the immune system, and depression, and may point to WBH as a novel modality for exploring behavioral effects of IL-6 when the cytokine is activated in isolation from the inflammatory mediators with which it frequently travels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Flux
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - David G Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Center for Single Cell Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - John J B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Matthias R Mehl
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Andi Medrano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Tommy K Begay
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Brandon H Middlemist
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brandon M Marquart
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Steven P Cole
- Research Design Associates Inc, Yorktown Heights, New York, NY, 10598, USA
| | - Christina J Sauder
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, School of Human Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53703, USA
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Charles L Raison
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, School of Human Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53703, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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2
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Ramsden R, Han CS, Mount D, Loebach J, Cox A, Herrington S, Bundy A, Fyfe-Johnson A, Sandseter EBH, Stone M, Tremblay MS, Brussoni M. PROmoting Early Childhood Outside – an Intervention to Increase Outdoor Play in Early Childhood Education Centres: Study Protocol for a Pilot Wait-list Control Cluster Randomized Trial (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e38365. [PMID: 35819829 PMCID: PMC9328786 DOI: 10.2196/38365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ramsden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christina S Han
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dawn Mount
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Janet Loebach
- Department of Design + Environmental Analysis, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Adina Cox
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Iowa State University College of Design, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Susan Herrington
- School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anita Bundy
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University College of Health and Human Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Amber Fyfe-Johnson
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health (IREACH), Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ellen Beate Hansen Sandseter
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Queen Maud University College of Early Childhood Education, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Michelle Stone
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mariana Brussoni
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Injury Research & Prevention Unit, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Influence of External Natural Environment Including Sunshine Exposure on Public Mental Health: A Systematic Review. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been raging around the world and public health measures such as lockdowns have forced people to go out less often, reducing sunlight exposure time, green space use, and physical activity. It is well known that exercise has a positive impact on mental health, but the impact of external environmental factors such as sunlight exposure and green space use on mental health has not been systematically reviewed. In this review, we categorized the major factors that may affect people’s mental health into (1) external environmental factors such as exposure to sunlight and green spaces, (2) internal life factors such as physical activity and lifestyle, and (3) mixed external and internal factors, and systematically examined the relationship between each factor and people’s mental health. The results showed that exposure to sunlight, spending leisure time in green spaces, and physical activity each had a positive impact on people’s mental health, including depression, anxiety, and stress states. Specifically, moderate physical activity in an external environment with sunlight exposure or green space was found to be an important factor. The study found that exposure to the natural environment through sunbathing and exercise is important for people’s mental health.
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de Figueiredo CS, Sandre PC, Portugal LCL, Mázala-de-Oliveira T, da Silva Chagas L, Raony Í, Ferreira ES, Giestal-de-Araujo E, Dos Santos AA, Bomfim POS. COVID-19 pandemic impact on children and adolescents' mental health: Biological, environmental, and social factors. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 106:110171. [PMID: 33186638 PMCID: PMC7657035 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was announced, we had an unprecedented change in the way we organize ourselves socially and in our daily routine. Children and adolescents were also greatly impacted by the abrupt withdrawal from school, social life and outdoor activities. Some of them also experienced domestic violence growing. The stress they are subjected to directly impacts their mental health on account of increased anxiety, changes in their diets and in school dynamics, fear or even failing to scale the problem. Our aim is to bring up a discussion under different aspects and to alert public health and government agents about the need for surveillance and care of these individuals. We hope that the damage to their mental health as a result of the side effect of this pandemic can be mitigated by adequate and timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Saggioro de Figueiredo
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Poliana Capucho Sandre
- NuPEDEN, Nucleus for Research, Education, Dissemination and Neurosciences Popularization, Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; Thymus Research Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Liana Catarina Lima Portugal
- NuPEDEN, Nucleus for Research, Education, Dissemination and Neurosciences Popularization, Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Behavior, Biomedical Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Brazil
| | - Thalita Mázala-de-Oliveira
- NuPEDEN, Nucleus for Research, Education, Dissemination and Neurosciences Popularization, Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Luana da Silva Chagas
- NuPEDEN, Nucleus for Research, Education, Dissemination and Neurosciences Popularization, Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Ícaro Raony
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Elenn Soares Ferreira
- NuPEDEN, Nucleus for Research, Education, Dissemination and Neurosciences Popularization, Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Giestal-de-Araujo
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation - INCT-NIM, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Aline Araujo Dos Santos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neurochemical Interactions, Biomedical Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Oliveira-Silva Bomfim
- NuPEDEN, Nucleus for Research, Education, Dissemination and Neurosciences Popularization, Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation - INCT-NIM, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; Rio de Janeiro Neuroinflammation Research Network, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
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5
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Hedayat K, Ahmad Nasrollahi S, Firooz A, Rastegar H, Dadgarnejad M. Comparison of UVA Protection Factor Measurement Protocols. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:351-358. [PMID: 32547149 PMCID: PMC7244352 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s244898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background In the past, it was taught that UVA wavelengths (320- 400nm) only plays a major role in skin aging but recently the scientific researches also show that UVA cause cancerous keratinocyte cells in deep layer of the epidermis. Therefore, the protective ability of the product against UVA is important in addition to protection against UVB rays. The UVA protective factor (UVA-PF) is used to evaluate the effectiveness of sunscreen products against UVA rays. This study aims to review and compare all outstanding protocols in the field of UVA-PF measurement and finally the introduction of the best method of measuring UVA-PF based on the further benefits. Materials and Methods Four standards including ISO 24443 (AS/NZS 2604: 2012 recommended approach), CEN 2006, FDA 2007 and FDA 2011 are selected. Results In order to measure UVA-PF with in vivo method, two standards of CEN 2006 and FDA 2007 recommended persistent pigment darkening (PPD) method. Although the general principle of both is similar, there are some differences in detail. For in vitro measurement of UVA-PF, CEN and FDA 2011 standards use critical wavelengths. FDA 2007 introduces the modified Diffey fraction, and ISO 24443 standard meets the UVA-PF measurement in a manner that is consistent with PPD. Conclusion Finally, this review discussed the comparison of all in vitro and in vivo UVA-PF measurement standards and provided information in the form of texts and tables to move towards the creation of an integrated standard. Since in vitro methods of UVA-PF measurement are not reproducible due to differences in test conditions, it may be concluded that the in vivo PPD method is a more suitable option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamand Hedayat
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy (CRTSDL), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy (CRTSDL), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Cosmetic Products Research Center, Iranian Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Firooz
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy (CRTSDL), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Cosmetic Products Research Center, Iranian Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Rastegar
- Cosmetic Products Research Center, Iranian Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Dadgarnejad
- Iranian Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Vergneau-Grosset C, Péron F. Effect of ultraviolet radiation on vertebrate animals: update from ethological and medical perspectives. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:752-762. [PMID: 33856678 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00488b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many animals under human care are kept indoors to prevent infectious diseases vectored by wildlife, facilitate environment control, or due to the lifestyle of their owners. However, ultraviolet radiation has documented effects on animal vision, vitamin synthesis, immunity, behavior, psychogenic disorders and on their environment. Ultraviolet-emitting lights are commercially available and the documentation of their effect on indoor-housed animals is increasing. This article reviews published information about ultraviolet effects in vertebrate animals from veterinary and ethological perspectives, and techniques used to assess ultraviolet exposure across animal taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Vergneau-Grosset
- Department of Clinical sciences, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, J2S 2 M2, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
| | - Franck Péron
- 15 Rue de la Johardière, 44 800, Saint-Herblain, France
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7
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Ting EYC, Yang AC, Tsai SJ. Role of Interleukin-6 in Depressive Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062194. [PMID: 32235786 PMCID: PMC7139933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD), which is a leading psychiatric illness across the world, severely affects quality of life and causes an increased incidence of suicide. Evidence from animal as well as clinical studies have indicated that increased peripheral or central cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels play an important role in stress reaction and depressive disorder, especially physical disorders comorbid with depression. Increased release of IL-6 in MDD has been found to be a factor associated with MDD prognosis and therapeutic response, and may affect a wide range of depressive symptomatology. However, study results of the IL6 genetic effects in MDD are controversial. Increased IL-6 activity may cause depression through activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or influence of the neurotransmitter metabolism. The important role of neuroinflammation in MDD pathogenesis has created a new perspective that the combining of blood IL-6 and other depression-related cytokine levels may help to classify MDD biological subtypes, which may allow physicians to identify the optimal treatment for MDD patients. To modulate the IL-6 activity by IL-6-related agents, current antidepressive agents, herb medication, pre-/probiotics or non-pharmacological interventions may hold great promise for the MDD patients with inflammatory features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Yi-Chih Ting
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
| | - Albert C. Yang
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess, Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-28757027 (ext. 276); Fax: +886-2-28725643
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Gassen J, Proffitt Leyva RP, Mengelkoch S, White JD, Peterman JL, Prokosch ML, Bradshaw HK, Eimerbrink MJ, Corrigan EK, Cheek DJ, Boehm GW, Hill SE. Day length predicts investment in human immune function: Shorter days yield greater investment. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 107:141-147. [PMID: 31128570 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Winter is characterized by stressful conditions which compromise health and render animals more vulnerable to infection and illness than during other times of the year. Organisms are hypothesized to adapt to these seasonal stressors by increasing investment in immune function in response to diminished photoperiod duration. Here, we examined this hypothesis in a sample of healthy human participants. Using several functional immune assays in vitro, as well as by utilizing measures of in vivo proinflammatory cytokine levels, we predicted that shorter day length would be associated with greater investment in immunological function. Results revealed that shorter days predicted significant upregulation of several facets of immune function, including natural killer cell cytotoxicity, peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation (in response to, and in the absence of stimulation), and plasma levels of interleukin-6, as well as lower rates of Staphylococcus aureus growth in serum ex vivo. Further, consistent with the hypothesis that these trade-offs would be offset by decreased investment in mating effort, shorter day length also predicted lower levels of total testosterone in men. These results suggest that ambient photoperiod may be a powerful regulator of human immunological activity, providing some of the first evidence of seasonal changes in multiple facets of human immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Gassen
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States.
| | - Randi P Proffitt Leyva
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Summer Mengelkoch
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Jordon D White
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Julia L Peterman
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Marjorie L Prokosch
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Hannah K Bradshaw
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Micah J Eimerbrink
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Emily K Corrigan
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Dennis J Cheek
- Texas Christian University, Harris College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 2800 W Bowie St, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Gary W Boehm
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
| | - Sarah E Hill
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 S University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States
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9
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Minz S, Pati AK. Morningness–eveningness preference, sleep quality and behavioral sleep patterns in humans – a mini review. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1616889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarojini Minz
- School of Zoology, Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Atanu Kumar Pati
- School of Zoology, Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, India
- School of Studies in Life Science, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- Center for Translational Chronobiology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
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10
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Markus RP, Fernandes PA, Kinker GS, da Silveira Cruz-Machado S, Marçola M. Immune-pineal axis - acute inflammatory responses coordinate melatonin synthesis by pinealocytes and phagocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:3239-3250. [PMID: 29105727 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is well known for its circadian production by the pineal gland, and there is a growing body of data showing that it is also produced by many other cells and organs, including immune cells. The chronobiotic role of pineal melatonin, as well as its protective effects in vitro and in vivo, have been extensively explored. However, the interaction between the chronobiotic and defence functions of endogenous melatonin has been little investigated. This review details the current knowledge regarding the coordinated shift in melatonin synthesis from the pineal gland (circadian and monitoring roles) to the regulation of acute immune responses via immune cell production and autocrine effects, producing systemic interactions termed the immune-pineal axis. An acute inflammatory response drives the transcription factor, NFκB, to switch melatonin synthesis from pinealocytes to macrophages/microglia and, upon acute inflammatory resolution, back to pinealocytes. The potential pathophysiological relevance of immune-pineal axis dysregulation is highlighted, with both research and clinical implications, across several medical conditions, including host/parasite interaction, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Recent Developments in Research of Melatonin and its Potential Therapeutic Applications. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.16/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina P Markus
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation - Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro A Fernandes
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation - Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela S Kinker
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation - Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sanseray da Silveira Cruz-Machado
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation - Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Marçola
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation - Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Eldomiaty MA, Almasry SM, Desouky MK, Algaidi SA. Voluntary running improves depressive behaviours and the structure of the hippocampus in rats: A possible impact of myokines. Brain Res 2016; 1657:29-42. [PMID: 27919728 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of voluntary exercise on depressive behaviours, serum and hippocampal levels of myokines, and histopathological features of hippocampal formation in rats. Depressed rats were allowed to voluntarily run on a wheel for 3weeks. Locomotor activity was assessed by a forced swimming test and the myokine levels in sera and hippocampal homogenates were measured using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay. Brain sections were analysed for hippocampal structure and neuronal counts. Voluntary running produced significant increase in the distance moved by rats and significant decrease in immobility duration. After voluntary running, there were significant increases in serum and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), significant increase in hippocampal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and significant decrease in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6). Significant correlation was detected between the serum levels of BDNF and MIF (r=0.276) as well as IL-6 (r=-0.340). In addition, significant correlation was observed between hippocampal BDNF levels and MIF (r=0.500) and VEGF levels (r=0.279). After voluntary running, there was significant decrease in number degenerated neurons in hippocampal areas and significant increase in number of healthy neurons in the upper limb of the dentate gyrus, but not in its lower limb, compared to depression group. This study showed the relation of myokines to the development and/or relief of depression, as well as the correlation between serum and hippocampal myokine levels. Attention should be paid to studying the biological effects of myokines on different hippocampal areas that could respond differently to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda A Eldomiaty
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Shaima M Almasry
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansura University, Egypt
| | - Maha K Desouky
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Menia University, Egypt
| | - Sami A Algaidi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
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Xu Y, Qi J, Yang Y, Wen X. The contribution of lifestyle factors to depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional study in Chinese college students. Psychiatry Res 2016; 245:243-249. [PMID: 27565695 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that some lifestyle factors are related to depression, but their cumulative contribution to the depression remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the importance of multiple lifestyle factors in contributing to depressive symptoms among Chinese college students. Between September and December in 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 1907 Chinese college students from Guangzhou, Southern China. College students completed self-administered questionnaires and reported their lifestyle factors including sleep quality and duration, Internet use, smoking, drinking, exercise, outdoor activity or sunlight exposure, and eating breakfast. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms were defined as the CES-D score ≥16. Among all the students, 29.7% reported mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms. Higher quality and longer duration of sleep, more exercises, more outdoor activities or sunlight exposures, and eating breakfast daily were associated with a lower CES-D score, which could explain 11.3% of variance of the CES-D score, after adjusting for socio-demographics, family history, interpersonal relationship, and academic characteristics using hierarchical multivariable linear regression. These associations were comparable between males and females. The protective role of healthy lifestyles should be considered in intervention programs for improving mental health among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Baoan Chronic Diseases Prevent and Cure Hospital, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Wen
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main St., G56 Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000, USA.
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Circadian preferences, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in bipolar disorder: A community study. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 301:23-29. [PMID: 27836181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess circadian preference among a community sample of people with bipolar disorder, major depression and without any mood disorders. Secondly, we investigated the association of circadian preference with cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and oxidative stress assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), uric acid and Protein Carbonyl Content (PCC). METHOD A cross-sectional study nested in a population-based sample. Caseness was confirmed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. A sample of 215 participants, in whom we measured circadian preferences, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TBARS, uric acid, PCC. Biological rhythms were evaluated using the Biological Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. RESULTS Bipolar group presented a higher alteration in biological rhythms (40.40±9.78) when compared with the major depression group (36.35±9.18) and control group (27.61±6.89) p<0.001. Subjects with bipolar disorder who were active at night and had a day/night cycle reverse showed decreased levels of IL-6 (t, 44=2.096; p=0.042), (t, 44=2.213; p=0.032), respectively. In the bipolar disorder group subjects who presented day/night cycle reverse had lower TBARS levels (t, 41=2.612; p=0.013). TNF-α were decreased in subjects more active at night with bipolar disorder. CONCLUSION Lower serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TBARS were associated with evening preference in bipolar disorder group. These findings suggest that chronotype may alter the levels of interleukins and oxidative stress levels in bipolar and healthy subjects. A better understanding of the role of circadian preferences in levels of interleukins and oxidative stress are needed.
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Fu W, Ma L, Zhao X, Li Y, Zhu H, Yang W, Liu C, Liu J, Han R, Liu H. Antidepressant medication can improve hypertension in elderly patients with depression. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:1911-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Stemer B, Melmer A, Fuchs D, Ebenbichler C, Kemmler G, Deisenhammer EA. Bright versus dim ambient light affects subjective well-being but not serotonin-related biological factors. Psychiatry Res 2015; 229:1011-6. [PMID: 26260570 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Light falling on the retina is converted into an electrical signal which stimulates serotonin synthesis. Previous studies described an increase of plasma and CNS serotonin levels after bright light exposure. Ghrelin and leptin are peptide hormones which are involved in the regulation of hunger/satiety and are related to serotonin. Neopterin and kynurenine are immunological markers which are also linked to serotonin biosynthesis. In this study, 29 healthy male volunteers were exposed to bright (5000lx) and dim (50lx) light conditions for 120min in a cross-over manner. Subjective well-being and hunger as well as various serotonin associated plasma factors were assessed before and after light exposure. Subjective well-being showed a small increase under bright light and a small decrease under dim light, resulting in a significant interaction between light condition and time. Ghrelin concentrations increased significantly under both light conditions, but there was no interaction between light and time. Correspondingly, leptin decreased significantly under both light conditions. Hunger increased significantly with no light-time interaction. We also found a significant decrease of neopterin, tryptophan and tyrosine levels, but no interaction between light and time. In conclusion, ambient light was affecting subjective well-being rather than serotonin associated biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Stemer
- Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Austria
| | | | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Georg Kemmler
- Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Austria
| | - Eberhard A Deisenhammer
- Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Austria.
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Dominiak M, Swiecicki L, Rybakowski J. Psychiatric hospitalizations for affective disorders in Warsaw, Poland: Effect of season and intensity of sunlight. Psychiatry Res 2015; 229:287-94. [PMID: 26189339 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess any associations between the number of hospitalizations for affective disorders, seasons of the year and the intensity of sunlight in Poland, a country with a very changeable climate and significant seasonal fluctuations. We analyzed 2837 admissions with affective disorders hospitalized in the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, between 2002 and 2010 (mania, n=380, mixed episode, n=131, bipolar depression, n=736, recurrent depression, n=681, single depressive episode, n=909). For each diagnostic group admission time series were created and categorized into subgroups according to sex and age, and these were analyzed by means of the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) method. Regression models and correlations were used to assess the influence of the intensity of sunlight on the number of hospitalizations. Most mania admissions were noted in spring/summer months and in midwinter, mixed episode-late spring and winter, and depression (bipolar, recurrent and single depressive episode)-spring and autumn months. The association between frequency of admissions and monthly hours of sunshine was observed in some age and sex subgroups of patients with bipolar disorder and single depressive episode. The results support the seasonality of admissions of patients with affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dominiak
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, ul. Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Lukasz Swiecicki
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, ul. Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Rybakowski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
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Xu C, Zhang J, Mihai DM, Washington I. Light-harvesting chlorophyll pigments enable mammalian mitochondria to capture photonic energy and produce ATP. J Cell Sci 2013; 127:388-99. [PMID: 24198392 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.134262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sunlight is the most abundant energy source on this planet. However, the ability to convert sunlight into biological energy in the form of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) is thought to be limited to chlorophyll-containing chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms. Here we show that mammalian mitochondria can also capture light and synthesize ATP when mixed with a light-capturing metabolite of chlorophyll. The same metabolite fed to the worm Caenorhabditis elegans leads to increase in ATP synthesis upon light exposure, along with an increase in life span. We further demonstrate the same potential to convert light into energy exists in mammals, as chlorophyll metabolites accumulate in mice, rats and swine when fed a chlorophyll-rich diet. Results suggest chlorophyll type molecules modulate mitochondrial ATP by catalyzing the reduction of coenzyme Q, a slow step in mitochondrial ATP synthesis. We propose that through consumption of plant chlorophyll pigments, animals, too, are able to derive energy directly from sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Columbia University Medical Center, Ophthalmology, New York, NY 10032, USA
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