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Maurya AK, Agnihotri VK. A new iridoid from the roots of Valeriana jatamansi Jones with α-glucosidase activity. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2505-2510. [PMID: 36890769 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2187796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
One new iridoid namely rupesin F (1) together with four known ones (2-5) were isolated from the roots of Valeriana jatamansi Jones. The structures were established using spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR including HSQC, HMBC, COSY and NOESY) and by comparison with previously published literature data. The isolated compounds 1 and 3 exhibited strong α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 values of 10.13 ± 0.11 and 9.13 ± 0.03 μg/mL, respectively. This study enriched the chemical diversity of metabolites and provides a direction for the development of antidiabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antim K Maurya
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Vijai K Agnihotri
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Maurya AK, Agnihotri VK. Valeriana jatamansi: Bioactive Compounds and their Medicinal Uses. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:757-796. [PMID: 38318825 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266273617240129042653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Valeriana jatamansi is a reputed perennial medicinal herb distributed throughout the world, where it is used in cytotoxicity, neuronal problems, insomnia, leishmania and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, antioxidant, antiviral and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. This review describes the current state of chemical characterization of isolated metabolites, which are well accepted for the treatment of various ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. This comprehensive review covers previously published research articles and reviews up to 2023 with an emphasis on the structural characterization of isolated bioactive compounds using different analytical techniques. Furthermore, the present review also focuses on the detailed medicinal and pharmacological properties of isolated compounds from this threatened herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antim K Maurya
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur (Himachal Pradesh), 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Vijai K Agnihotri
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur (Himachal Pradesh), 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Lu P, Zhang C, Zheng J, Li C, Zhang Q, Huang B. A comparison review of Hehuan flowers and Hehuan bark on the traditional applications, phytochemistry and pharmacological effects. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:116002. [PMID: 36509253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Albizia julibrissin Durazz is a well-known medicinal plant with the Chinese name Hehuan []. Hehuan bark and Hehuan flowers have long been recognized as traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treating anxiety, melancholy, insomnia, bruises, pulmonary abscess, fractures, carbuncle, amnesia, acute conjunctivitis, blurred vision, neonatal tetanus and stroke for thousands of years. They are recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia separately with different properties. Until now, new chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Hehuan have been continuously studied and revealed. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology effects, and toxicology of Hehuan bark and Hehuan flowers, and give critical assessment and point out the promising direction for further research on Hehuan. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search was undertaken on Hehuan bark and Hehuan flowers by analyzing the information from scientific databases (SciFinder, Pubmed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Baidu Scholar). We also gathered the information of Hehuan from classic herbal literatures and conference papers on ethnopharmacology. RESULTS According to Chinese and English documents, the medicinal history of Hehuan in China can be traced back to ad 25. Meanwhile, its medicinal history as a kind of herbal medicine can also be found in other Asian countries. So far about 140 compounds have been isolated from Hehuan bark and Hehuan flowers, including triterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, phenolic acids, alkaloids, etc. Among them, flavonoids mainly exist in Hehuan flowers, while Hehuan bark contains lignans and saponins. The composition differences between the barks and flowers of Hehuan account for the different effects and applications. Modern pharmacological studies have indicated that crude extracts and pure compounds of Hehuan flowers and Hehuan bark have multiple pharmacological activities, such as antineoplastic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antidepressant, metabolic regulation, anti-insomnia, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, sedative, and anti-osteolytic activities. CONCLUSIONS Hehuan (Albizia julibrissin Durazz) is traditionally used to relieve depression, calm nerves, promote blood circulation and reduce swelling. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed that natural products from Hehuan bark and Hehuan flowers possess extensive pharmacological activities in treating cancer, enhancing immunity, regulating metabolism, improving mental state, etc. These properties make it great clinical application potential. Further research on natural pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and quality standards of Hehuan are still required to verify the efficacy and safety for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chengzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiadong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qijin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Baokang Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Liu J, Shi JL, Guo JY, Chen Y, Ma XJ, Wang SN, Zheng ZQ, Lin MX, He S. Anxiolytic-like effect of Suanzaoren-Wuweizi herb-pair and evidence for the involvement of the monoaminergic system in mice based on network pharmacology. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:7. [PMID: 36624423 PMCID: PMC9830753 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suanzaoren-Wuweizi herb-pair (SWHP), composed of Zizyphi Spinosi Semen (Suanzaoren in Chinese) and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (Wuweizi in Chinese), is a traditional herbal formula that has been extensively used for the treatment of insomnia. The study aimed to explore the targets and signal pathways of Suanzaoren-Wuweizi (S-W) in the treatment of anxiety by network pharmacology, and to verify the pharmacodynamics and key targets of SWHP in mice. METHODS The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) as well as literature mining were used to obtain the main chemical ingredients of Suanzaoren and Wuweizi. The SwissTargetPrediction platform was used to predict drug-related targets. The GeneCards, TTD, DisGeNET and OMIM databases were used to obtain potential targets for the treatment of anxiety with the chemical components of S-W. Drug-disease intersection genes were selected, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING. The core targets of S-W in the treatment of anxiety were selected according to the topological parameters, and GO functional enrichment as well as KEGG pathways enrichment analyses were performed for potential targets. The relationship network of the "drug-active ingredient-disease-target-pathway" was constructed through Cytoscape 3.8.0. The pharmacodynamics of SWHP in the treatment of anxiety was evaluated by the elevated plus maze (EPM), the light/dark box test (LDB) and the open field test (OFT). The mechanisms were examined by measuring monoamine neurotransmitters in brain of mice. RESULTS The results showed that there were 13 active ingredients for the treatment of anxiety in the network. This includes sanjoinenine, swertisin, daucosterol, schizandrer B, wuweizisu C and gomisin-A. Additionally, there were 148 targets, such as AKT1, TNF, SLC6A4, SLC6A3, EGFR, ESR1, HSP90AA1, CCND1, and DRD2, mainly involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, the Serotonergic synapse pathway and the cAMP signaling pathway. After 1 week of treatment, SWHP (2 and 3 g/kg) induced a significant increase on the percentage of entries into and time spent on the open arms of the EPM. In the LDB test, SWHP exerted anxiolytic-like effect at 2 g/kg. In the open-field test, SWHP (2 g/kg) increased the number of central entries and time spent in central areas. The levels of brain monoamines (5-HT and DA) and their metabolites (5-HIAA, DOPAC) were decreased after SWHP treatment. CONCLUSIONS The anti-anxiety effect of SWHP may be mediated by regulating 5-HT, DA and other signaling pathways. These findings demonstrated that SWHP produced an anxiolytic-like effect and the mechanism of action involves the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, although underlying mechanism remains to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- grid.418633.b0000 0004 1771 7032Capital Institute of Pediatrics, No. 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Li Shi
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488 China
| | - Jian-You Guo
- grid.454868.30000 0004 1797 8574Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Yi Chen
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488 China
| | - Xiao-Jie Ma
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488 China
| | - Sheng-Nan Wang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488 China
| | - Zhi-Quan Zheng
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488 China
| | - Ming-Xuan Lin
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488 China
| | - Shuai He
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488 China
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Chen Y, Song S, Wang Y, Zhu J, Li X. Potential mechanism of oral baicalin treating psoriasis via suppressing Wnt signaling pathway and inhibiting Th17/IL-17 axis by activating PPARγ. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3969-3987. [PMID: 35778948 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis (PSO), an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease, has seriously affected the quality of patients' life. It is urgent to find effective medicines with lower costs and less side effects. Baicalin (HQG) is the main bioactive substance from Scutellaria baicalensis with effects of anti-inflammation and immunoregulation. Herein, we explored the effect of oral HQG treating PSO and its potential mechanism. Firstly, network pharmacology was used to predict that HQG may act on Estrogen, TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor, TNF), interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathways and Th17 cell differentiation, especially the key targets including TNF, Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and Matrix metalloproteinase-9. Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mice were then used to study the effects of HQG treating PSO. HQG could significantly ameliorate the skin lesions, decrease the level of inflammatory factors and inhibit Th1/Th17 cell differentiation in IMQ-induced mice. Finally, transcriptome analysis of skin lesions integrated with the prediction of network pharmacology further demonstrated that the potential mechanism may be associated with suppressing Wnt signaling pathway and inhibiting Th17/IL-17 axis by activating PPARγ. In conclusion, this study suggested that HQG may be a promising agent for further studies in the search for therapeutic strategies to treat PSO in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Shasha Song
- Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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Chemical Diversity of Essential Oil of Valeriana jatamansi from Different Altitudes of Himalaya and Distillation Methods. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082387. [PMID: 35458582 PMCID: PMC9029108 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Valeriana jatamansi is an important temperate herb that is used in the pharmaceutical and essential oil industries. In India, this species is now on the verge of extinction due to the over-exploitation of its rhizomes from its natural habitat. It is hypothesized that the variations in bioactive compounds in its essential oil are very high among the wild populations as well as cultivated sources. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the chemical profiling of essential oil of four wild populations (Rupena, Kugti, Garola, and Khani) and two cultivated sources (CSIR-IHBT, Salooni), which were distilled at three consecutive days. The variation in oil concentration in roots/rhizomes was found significant (p ≤ 0.05), and the maximum value (0.35%) was registered with the population collected from Kugti and Khani. In essential oil, irrespective of population and distillation day, patchouli alcohol was the major compound, which ranged from 19 to 63.1%. The maximum value (63.1%) was recorded with the essential oil obtained from Garola’s population and distilled on the first day. The percentage of seychellene was abruptly increased with subsequent days of extraction in all the populations. The multivariate analysis revealed that the essential oil profiles of Rupena, Kugti, Garola, and CSIR-IHBT populations were found to be similar during the first day of distillation. However, during the second day, Rupena, Kugti, Khani, and CSIR-IHBT came under the same ellipse of 0.95% coefficient. The results suggest that the population of Kugti is superior in terms of oil concentration (0.35%), with a higher proportion of patchouli alcohol (63% on the first day). Thus, repeated distillation is recommended for higher recovery of essential oil. Moreover, repeated distillation can be used to attain V. jatamansi essential oil with differential and perhaps targeted definite chemical profile.
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Plant Species of Sub-Family Valerianaceae-A Review on Its Effect on the Central Nervous System. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050846. [PMID: 33922184 PMCID: PMC8144999 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Valerianaceae, the sub-family of Caprifoliaceae, contains more than 300 species of annual and perennial herbs, worldwide distributed. Several species are used for their biological properties while some are used as food. Species from the genus Valeriana have been used for their antispasmodic, relaxing, and sedative properties, which have been mainly attributed to the presence of valepotriates, borneol derivatives, and isovalerenic acid. Among this genus, the most common and employed species is Valerianaofficinalis. Although valerian has been traditionally used as a mild sedative, research results are still controversial regarding the role of the different active compounds, the herbal preparations, and the dosage used. The present review is designed to summarize and critically describe the current knowledge on the different plant species belonging to Valerianaceae, their phytochemicals, their uses in the treatment of different diseases with particular emphasis on the effects on the central nervous system. The available information on this sub-family was collected from scientific databases up until year 2020. The following electronic databases were used: PubMed, Scopus, Sci Finder, Web of Science, Science Direct, NCBI, and Google Scholar. The search terms used for this review included Valerianaceae, Valeriana, Centranthus, Fedia, Patrinia, Nardostachys, Plectritis, and Valerianella, phytochemical composition, in vivo studies, Central Nervous System, neuroprotective, antidepressant, antinociceptive, anxiolytic, anxiety, preclinical and clinical studies.
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Wang SN, Yao ZW, Zhao CB, Ding YS, Bian LH, Li QY, Wang XM, Shi JL, Guo JY, Wang CG. Discovery and proteomics analysis of effective compounds in Valeriana jatamansi jones for the treatment of anxiety. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113452. [PMID: 33069789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zhizhu Xiang (ZZX for short) is the root and rhizome of Valeriana jatamansi Jones, which is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) used to treat various mood disorders for more than 2000 years, especially anxiety. However, there have been few investigations to clarify the compounds in ZZX for the treatment of anxiety. AIM OF THE STUDY Our previous study has identified five anti-anxiety components, including hesperidin, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B and isochlorogenic acid C and chlorogenic acid, from extract of ZZX. In order to find the optimal combination and the underlying mechanism of these five components in the treatment of anxiety disorder, researches were designed based on uniform design method and proteomic technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The samples with different proportion and content of the five active components were arranged by uniform design method. Then a mathematical model was formulated using partial least square method and stepwise regression analysis. Moreover, the empty bottle stress-induced anxiety rat model was established, and the anti-anxiety effect was recorded by the unconditioned reflex elevated maze test and the open field test. In addition, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique, along with the multidimensional liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry were applied in proteomic study. At last, the result of proteomic analysis was further confirmed by Western blot. RESULTS The optimal combination of the components from the extract of ZZX was 1.153 mg/kg hesperidin, 2.197 mg/kg Isochlorogenic acid A, 0.699 mg/kg Isochlorogenic acid B and 1.249 mg/kg Chlorogenic acid. Total 6818 proteins were identified using proteomic analysis and 80 differentially expressed proteins were used for further bioinformatic analysis. These proteins were involved in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, cholesterol metabolism, Chagas disease, and AGE/RAGE signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The composition and proportion of anti-anxiety components in extract of ZZX was disclosed, and there was an anti-anxiety effect for the combined components of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Through proteomic analysis and Western blot, it was found that the effective components of extract of ZZX can exert synergistic anti-anxiety effects via the regulation of multi-signaling pathways. These findings could provide a preliminary research basis for the development of new low-toxic, efficient, stable and controllable anti-anxiety drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Nan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China; School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Luquan District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, 050200, China.
| | - Zi-Wei Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Cheng-Bowen Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yong-Sheng Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Li-Hua Bian
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qiu-Yu Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiao-Mei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jin-Li Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jian-You Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4A DatunRoad, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Chun-Guo Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11A North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Burke H, Jiang S, Chatham P, Stern TA. Delirium After Withdrawal From Valerian Root: A Case Report. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2020; 61:787-790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Luo H, Sun SJ, Wang Y, Wang YL. Revealing the sedative-hypnotic effect of the extracts of herb pair Semen Ziziphi spinosae and Radix Polygalae and related mechanisms through experiments and metabolomics approach. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:206. [PMID: 32615973 PMCID: PMC7330955 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semen Ziziphi spinosae and Radix Polygalae, two herbs commonly used together in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety. The study aims to study the sedative-hypnotic effect of the active components of the herbal pair, the possible mechanisms of such effect, and related metabolic pathways in vivo. METHODS The sedative and hypnotic effect of the active components (EI30) of the herbal pair was studied by recording influence on the proportion of sleeping within 30 min, sleep latency and sleep length of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping on mice. Possible mechanisms of the sedative-hypnotic effect of the active components were investigated by measuring the content of neurotransmitters in the total protein of mice brain tissue. The main chemical compounds of the herbal pair were identified by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Serum samples of mice were studied, and related differential metabolites between the normal group and model group, and between model group and treatment group were identified by Gas Chromatography Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS), Principal Components Analysis (PCA), and Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA). RESULTS Compared with the control group, high dose EI30 group and the Clonazepam group were with significantly higher proportions of sleep within 30 min (P = 0.027 and 0.005 respectively). Compared with the control group, all of the high, medium and low dose of EI30 groups were with significantly shorter sleep latency (P < 0.01) and prolonged sleeping time (P < 0.01). The herbal pair has good sedative-hypnotic effects, although it is weaker than the effect of Clonazepam. The sedative-hypnotic effect of EI30 is possibly related to the adjustment of neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) in the total protein of mice brain tissue. There are five metabolic pathways in vivo most related to the sedative-hypnotic effect of EI30, and they are biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, metabolism of glyceride, metabolism of alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid, metabolism of phenylalanine, and metabolism of cysteine and methionine. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the mechanisms of sedative and hypnotic effects of herbal pair Semen Ziziphi spinosae and Radix Polygalae by using metabolomics methods. This study provides a basis for further development and utilization of this herbal pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Daxue Street, No.121, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Daxue Street, No.121, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Daxue Street, No.121, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying-Li Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Daxue Street, No.121, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
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Jugran AK, Rawat S, Bhatt ID, Rawal RS. Valeriana jatamansi: An herbaceous plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytother Res 2019; 33:482-503. [PMID: 30663144 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Family: Caprifoliaceae), a high value medicinal plant, was distributed in many countries of Asia. The species possesses important valepotriates and is a good source of flavones or flavone glycosides, lignans, sesquiterpenoids or sesquiterpenoid glycoside, bakkenolide type sesquiterpenoids, phenolic compounds, terpinoids, etc. The use of the species in traditional and modern medicines is well known. For instance, V. jatamansi is very important for its insect repelling and antihelmethic properties. Similarly, sedative, neurotoxic, cytotoxic, antidepressant, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of the species in various ailments in the indigenous system of medicine, particularly in Asia, are reported. This review focuses on the detailed phytochemical composition, medicinal uses, and pharmacological properties of V. jatamansi along with analysis of botanical errors in published literature and reproducibility of the biomedical researches on this multipurpose herbaceous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Jugran
- G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Garhwal Regional Centre, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sandeep Rawat
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management (CBCM), G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Indra D Bhatt
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management (CBCM), G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ranbeer S Rawal
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management (CBCM), G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
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12
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Biological profiling of piperazinediones for the management of anxiety. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 176:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Identification of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Zhi zhu xiang Improving Anxiety in Rat by Fingerprint-Efficacy Study. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092329. [PMID: 30213112 PMCID: PMC6225153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Zhi zhu xiang (ZZX for short) is the root and rhizome of Valeriana jatamansi Jones, which is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) used to treat various mood disorders for more than 2000 years, especially anxiety. The aim of the present work was to identify the bioactive chemical markers in Zhi zhu xiang improving anxiety in rats by a fingerprint-efficacy study. More specifically, the chemical fingerprint of ZZX samples collected from 10 different regions was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and the similarity analyses were calculated based on 10 common characteristic peaks. The anti-anxiety effect of ZZX on empty bottle stimulated rats was examined through the Open Field Test (OFT) and the Elevated Plus Maze Test (EPM). Then we measured the concentration of CRF, ACTH, and CORT in rat’s plasma by the enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kit, while the concentration of monoamine and metabolites (NE, DA, DOPAC, HVA, 5-HT, 5-HIAA) in the rat’s cerebral cortex and hippocampus was analysed by HPLC coupled with an Electrochemical Detector. At last, the fingerprint-efficacy study between chemical fingerprint and anti-anxiety effect of ZZX was accomplished by partial least squares regression (PLSR). As a result, we screened out four compounds (hesperidin, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B and isochlorogenic acid C) as the bioactive chemical markers for the anti-anxiety effect of ZZX. The fingerprint-efficacy study we established might provide a feasible way and some elicitation for the identification of the bioactive chemical markers for TCM.
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14
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Zhi D, Wang D, Yang W, Duan Z, Zhu S, Dong J, Wang N, Wang N, Fei D, Zhang Z, Wang X, Wang M, Li H. Dianxianning improved amyloid β-induced pathological characteristics partially through DAF-2/DAF-16 insulin like pathway in transgenic C. elegans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11408. [PMID: 28900141 PMCID: PMC5595840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dianxianning (DXN) is a traditional Chinese formula, and has been approved in China for treating epilepsy since 1996. Here anti-Alzheimer's disease activity of DXN has been reported. DXN improved AD-like symptoms of paralysis and 5-HT sensitivity of transgenic Aβ1-42 C. elegans. In worms, DXN significantly increased Aβ monomers and decreased the toxic Aβ oligomers, thus reducing Aβ toxicity. DXN significantly suppressed the expression of hsp-16.2 induced by juglone, and up-regulated sod-3 expression. These results indicated that DXN increased stress resistance and protected C. elegans against oxidative stress. Furthermore, DXN could significantly promote DAF-16 nuclear translocation, but it did not activate SKN-1. The inhibitory effect of DXN on the Aβ toxicity was significantly reverted by daf-16 RNAi, rather than skn-1 RNAi or hsf-1 RNAi. These results indicated that DAF-16 is at least partially required for the anti-AD effect of DXN. In conclusion, DXN improved Aβ-induced pathological characteristics partially through DAF-2/DAF-16 insulin like pathway in transgenic worms. Together with our data obtained by Morris water maze test, the results showed that DXN markedly ameliorated cognitive performance impairment induced by scopolamine in mice. All the results support that DXN is a potential drug candidate to treat Alzheimer's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejuan Zhi
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ziyun Duan
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuqian Zhu
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Dong
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ningbo Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dongqing Fei
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhanxin Zhang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Meizhu Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.
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Wu A, Ye X, Huang Q, Dai WM, Zhang JM. Anti-epileptic Effects of Valepotriate Isolated from Valeriana jatamansi Jones and Its Possible Mechanisms. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:512-516. [PMID: 28839381 PMCID: PMC5551374 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.211027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This work aimed to investigate the anti-epileptic effects of valepotriate isolated from Valeriana jatamansi Jones and studied its possible mechanisms. Methods: The anti-epileptic effects of valepotriate were studied using maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epilepsy, and pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping model in mice. The possible anti-epileptic mechanisms of valepotriate were investigated by analyzing the expressions of GABAA, GABAB, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), Bcl-2, and caspase-3 in the brain using Western blot assay. Results: The results indicated that valepotriate showed significant anti-epileptic activity against MES- and PTZ-induced epilepsy at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, and ED50 values for MES- and PTZ-induced epilepsy were 7.84 and 7.19 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, valepotriate (10 and 20 mg/kg) can significantly prolong sleeping time and shorten the latency time on the pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping time test. Furthermore, valepotriate (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) could significantly up-regulate the expression of GABAA, GAD65, and Bcl-2 and down-regulate the expression of caspase-3, but had no significant effect on the expression of GABAB. Conclusion: The results indicated that valepotriate had anti-epileptic activity and the mechanisms might be associated with regulation of GABA and inhibition of neuronal apoptosis. SUMMARY Anti-epileptic effect of valepotriate was investigated for the 1st time Valepotriate showed notable anti-epileptic activity Valepotriate can significantly increase the expression of GABAA, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, and Bcl-2 and reduce the expression of caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xia Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Quzhou City, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Quzhou City, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Min Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Quzhou City, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Min Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China
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Ahmed MJ, Akhtar T. Indigenous knowledge of the use of medicinal plants in Bheri, Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Eur J Integr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Ketcha Wanda GJM, Ngitedem SG, Njamen D. Botanicals for mood disorders with a focus on epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 52:319-28. [PMID: 26409901 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mood disorders are among the major health problems that exist worldwide. They are highly prevalent in the general population and cause significant disturbance of life quality and social functioning of the affected persons. The two major classes of mood disorders are bipolar disorders and depression. The latter is assumed to be the most frequent psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy. Studies published during the second half of the 20th century recognized that certain patients with epilepsy present a depressed mood. Synthesized pharmaceuticals have been in use for decades to treat both mood disorders and epilepsy, but despite their efficiency, their use is limited by numerous side effects. On the other hand, animal models have been developed to deeply study potential botanicals which have an effect on mood disorders. Studies to investigate the potential effects of medicinal plants acting on the nervous system and used to treat seizures and anxiety are increasingly growing. However, these studies discuss the two conditions separately without association. In this review, we present animal models of depression and investigative models (methods of assessing depression) of depression and anxiety in animals. Other classical test models for prediction of clinical antidepressant activity are presented. Finally, this review also highlights antidepressant activities of herbals focusing specially on depression-like behaviors associated with epilepsy. The pharmacological properties and active principles of cited medicinal plants are emphasized. This review, therefore, provides an overview of the work done on botanicals for mood disorders, potential mechanisms of action of botanicals, and the major compounds. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Botanicals for Epilepsy".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steve Guemnang Ngitedem
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
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The anxiolytic effects of valtrate in rats involves changes of corticosterone levels. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:325948. [PMID: 24782906 PMCID: PMC3978903 DOI: 10.1155/2014/325948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Valtrate is a principle compound isolated from Valeriana jatamansi Jones, which is a Traditional Chinese Medicine used to treat various mood disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anxiolytic effects of valtrate in rats. The animals were orally administered valtrate (5, 10, and 20 g/kg daily) for 10 days and exposed to open field test (OFT) and elevated plus-maze (EPM). Then the corticosterone levels in the rat serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The valtrate (10 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited the anxiolytic effect in rats by increasing the time and entry percentage into the open arms in the EPM and the number of central entries in the OFT. Valtrate (10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the corticosterone level in the rat serum. Taken together, these results suggest that the valtrate has anxiolytic activity in behavioral models that might be mediated via the function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis.
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Asparagus racemosus Attenuates Anxiety-Like Behavior in Experimental Animal Models. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2014; 34:511-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-014-0035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Komaki A, Abdollahzadeh F, Sarihi A, Shahidi S, Salehi I. Interaction between Antagonist of Cannabinoid Receptor and Antagonist of Adrenergic Receptor on Anxiety in Male Rat. Basic Clin Neurosci 2014; 5:218-24. [PMID: 25337383 PMCID: PMC4202541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anxiety is among the most common and treatable mental disorders. Adrenergic and cannabinoid systems have an important role in the neurobiology of anxiety. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) has broadly been used to investigate anxiolytic and anxiogenic compounds. The present study investigated the effects of intraperitoneal (IP) injection of cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist (AM251) in the presence of alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist (Prazosin) on rat behavior in the EPM. METHODS In this study, the data were obtained from male Wistar rat, which weighing 200- 250 g. Animal behavior in EPM were videotaped and saved in computer for 10 min after IP injection of saline, AM251 (0.3 mg/kg), Prazosin (0.3 mg/kg) and AM251 + Prazosin, subsequently scored for conventional indices of anxiety. During the test period, the number of open and closed arms entries, the percentage of entries into the open arms of the EPM, and the spent time in open and closed arms were recorded. Diazepam was considered as a positive control drug with anxiolytic effect (0.3, 0.6, 1.2 mg/kg). RESULTS Diazepam increased the number of open arm entries and the percentage of spent time on the open arms. IP injection of AM251 before EPM trial decreased open arms exploration and open arm entry. Whereas, Prazosin increased open arms exploration and open arm entry. This study showed that both substances in simultaneous injection have conflicting effects on the responses of each of these two compounds in a single injection. DISCUSSION Injection of CB1 receptor antagonist may have an anxiogenic profile in rat, whereas adrenergic antagonist has an anxiolytic effect. Further investigations are essential for better understanding of anxiolytic and anxiogenic properties and neurobiological mechanisms of action and probable interactions of the two systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,
Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abdollahzadeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,
Hamadan, Iran,Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University,
Hamadan, Iran,Corresponding Author: Fatemeh Abdolahzadeh, Pharm.D., Neurophysiology Research
Center, Department of Physiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh
Street, Hamadan, Iran. Tel: (+98) 811-8380462-4 / Fax: (+98) 811-8380208. E-mail:
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,
Hamadan, Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,
Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Salehi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,
Hamadan, Iran
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