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Quiros-Guerrero LM, Allard PM, Nothias LF, David B, Grondin A, Wolfender JL. Comprehensive mass spectrometric metabolomic profiling of a chemically diverse collection of plants of the Celastraceae family. Sci Data 2024; 11:415. [PMID: 38649352 PMCID: PMC11035674 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products exhibit interesting structural features and significant biological activities. The discovery of new bioactive molecules is a complex process that requires high-quality metabolite profiling data to properly target the isolation of compounds of interest and enable their complete structural characterization. The same metabolite profiling data can also be used to better understand chemotaxonomic links between species. This Data Descriptor details a dataset resulting from the untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolite profiling of 76 natural extracts of the Celastraceae family. The spectral annotation results and related chemical and taxonomic metadata are shared, along with proposed examples of data reuse. This data can be further studied by researchers exploring the chemical diversity of natural products. This can serve as a reference sample set for deep metabolome investigation of this chemically rich plant family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis-Manuel Quiros-Guerrero
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | - Louis-Felix Nothias
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno David
- Green Mission Department, Herbal Products Laboratory, Pierre Fabre Research Institute, Toulouse, France
| | - Antonio Grondin
- Green Mission Department, Herbal Products Laboratory, Pierre Fabre Research Institute, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Lopes RP, Ferreira FL, Faria de Sousa G, Cruz Nizer WSD, Magalhães CLDB, Ferreira JMS, Tótola AH, Duarte LP, de Magalhães JC. Activity of extracts and terpenoids from Tontelea micrantha (Mart. ex Schult.) A.C.Sm. (Celastraceae) against pathogenic bacteria. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38328949 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2309554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The pharmacological properties of plant extracts and phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and terpenoids, remain of great interest. In this work, the effect of extracts, friedelan-3,21-dione, and 3β-O-D-glucosyl-sitosterol isolated from Tontelea micrantha roots was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC, respectively), and the synergistic effect was assessed by the Checkerboard assay. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the plant-derived compounds against Vero cells was measured by the 3-(4 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The biological effects of the isolated compounds were predicted using the PASS online software. The chloroform and hexane extracts of T. micrantha roots showed promising antibacterial effect, with MIC in the range of 4.8-78.0 µg/mL. Further analyses showed that these compounds do not affect the integrity of the membrane. The combination with streptomycin strongly reduced the MIC of this antibiotic and extracts. The extracts were highly toxic to Vero cells, and no cytotoxicity was detected for the two terpenoids isolated from them (i.e. friedelan-3,21-dione and 3β-O-D-glucosyl-sitosterol; CC50 > 1000 μg/mL). Therefore, extracts obtained from T. micrantha roots significantly inhibited bacterial growth and are considered promising agents against pathogenic bacteria. The cytotoxicity results were very relevant and can be tested in bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranieli Paiva Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioprocess Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antônio Helvécio Tótola
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioprocess Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Brazil
| | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Carlos de Magalhães
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioprocess Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Brazil
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Maiyo ZC, Njeru SN, Toroitich FJ, Indieka SA, Obonyo MA. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the people of Mosop, Nandi County in Kenya. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1328903. [PMID: 38313073 PMCID: PMC10834697 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1328903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Throughout the history, nature has provided mankind with most of their basic needs, which include food, shelter, medicine, clothes, flavours, scents as well as raw materials. Given that they are an integral part of cultural heritage, medicinal plants have played a significant role in human healthcare systems around the world. Investigating various biological resources for use as medicines requires ethnomedicinal studies. Methods: Data on utilization of ethnomedicinal plants from local healers in Kenya's Mosop Sub-County in Nandi County was documented through open-ended, semi-structured questionnaires. A number of quantitative indices, such as the Use Citation (UC), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), Use Value (UV), Frequency of Citation (FoC) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) were used to convey the potential medical benefits, vitality and variety of the ethnomedicine. Results: 102 informants provided information on 253 ethnomedicinal plant species, classified into 74 families. There were 249 native plant species identified, along with few exotic species: Senegalia senegal (L.) Britton, Persea americana Mill, Carica papaya L. and Solanum betaceum Cav. Of all recorded species, 32% and 27% were herbs and trees, respectively. Among plant parts, leaves were most frequently utilized (27%) and roots (26%), while decoctions (21%) were the most widely used formulations. The dominant family was Asteraceae, with 28 species, followed by Lamiaceae, with 19 species. The highest ICF value was 0.778 for a number of parasitic and infectious illnesses, including ringworms, athlete's foot rot, tetanus, typhoid, intestinal parasites, abscesses, malaria, and amoebiasis. The study's data validates the region's widespread use of traditional medicinal plant remedies. Conclusion: The current study will lay a foundation of knowledge for future research investigations. The abundance of knowledge regarding ethnomedicinal species and their medicinal applications will stimulate further phytochemical and pharmacological research, which could lead to the discovery of potentially significant pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Maiyo
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Njoro, Kenya
| | - S N Njeru
- Centre for Traditional Medicine and Drug Research (CTMDR), Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - F J Toroitich
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya
| | - S A Indieka
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Njoro, Kenya
| | - M A Obonyo
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Njoro, Kenya
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Singh SK, Shrivastava S, Mishra AK, Kumar D, Pandey VK, Srivastava P, Pradhan B, Behera BC, Bahuguna A, Baek KH. Friedelin: Structure, Biosynthesis, Extraction, and Its Potential Health Impact. Molecules 2023; 28:7760. [PMID: 38067489 PMCID: PMC10707989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical companies are investigating more source matrices for natural bioactive chemicals. Friedelin (friedelan-3-one) is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from various plant species from different families as well as mosses and lichen. The fundamental compounds of these friedelane triterpenoids are abundantly found in cork tissues and leaf materials of diverse plant genera such as Celastraceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Myrtaceae. They possess many pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Friedelin also has an anti-insect effect and the ability to alter the soil microbial ecology, making it vital to agriculture. Ultrasound, microwave, supercritical fluid, ionic liquid, and acid hydrolysis extract friedelin with reduced environmental impact. Recently, the high demand for friedelin has led to the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and gene overexpression plasmids to produce friedelin using genetically engineered yeast. Friedelin with low cytotoxicity to normal cells can be the best phytochemical for the drug of choice. The review summarizes the structural interpretation, biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, quantification, and various forms of pharmacological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Shweta Shrivastava
- School of Pharmacy, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Darshan Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Vijay Kant Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Netaji Subhas University, Jamshedpur 831012, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Pratima Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Biswaranjan Pradhan
- S.K. Dash Centre of Excellence of Biosciences and Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Bikash Chandra Behera
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Makasana J, Gajbhiye N, Kumar Bishoyi A, Savaliya M, Raju S, Bansod S, Baldaniya L, Dholakiya B. Exploration of HPTLC Technology for Rapid Chemical Fingerprinting and Simultaneous Determination of Bioactive Constituents from
Clitoria ternatea
Linn. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanti Makasana
- Department of Chemistry Marwadi University Rajkot Gujarat 360003 India
| | - Narendra Gajbhiye
- Division of Organic Chemistry ICAR-DMAPR Boriavi, Anand Gujarat 387310 India
| | | | - Mehulkumar Savaliya
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Atmiya University Rajkot Gujarat 360005 India
| | - Saravanan Raju
- Division Crop Production ICAR-CTCRI Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695017 India
| | - Shrikant Bansod
- Department of Chemistry Smt. Narsamma art commerce and science college Amravati Maharashtra 444606 India
| | - Lalji Baldaniya
- Faculty of Pharmacy Marwadi University Rajkot Gujarat 360003 India
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Lustri WR, Lazarini SC, Simei Aquaroni NA, Resende FA, Aleixo NA, Pereira DH, Lustri BC, Moreira CG, Ribeiro CM, Pavan FR, Nakahata DH, Gonçalves AM, Nascimento-Júnior NM, Corbi PP. A new complex of silver(I) with probenecid: Synthesis, characterization, and studies of antibacterial and extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) inhibition activities. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 243:112201. [PMID: 37003189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the in vitro antibacterial and β-lactamase inhibition of a novel silver(I) complex with the sulfonamide probenecid (Ag-PROB). The formula Ag2C26H36N2O8S2·2H2O for the Ag-PROB complex was proposed based on elemental analysis. High-resolution mass spectrometric studies revealed the existence of the complex in its dimeric form. Infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and Density Functional Theory calculations indicated a bidentate coordination of probenecid to the silver ions by the oxygen atoms of the carboxylate. In vitro antibacterial activities of Ag-PROB showed significant growth inhibitory activity over Mycobacterium tuberculosis, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa PA01biofilm-producers, B. cereus, and E. coli. The Ag-PROB complex was active over multi-drug resistant of uropathogenic E. coli extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing (EC958 and BR43), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7) and enteroaggregative E. coli (O104:H4). Ag-PROB was able to inhibit CTX-M-15 and TEM-1B ESBL classes, at concentrations below the minimum inhibitory concentration for Ag-PROB, in the presence of ampicillin (AMP) concentration in which EC958 and BR43 bacteria were resistant in the absence of Ag-PROB. These results indicate that, in addition to ESBL inhibition, there is a synergistic antibacterial effect between AMP and the Ag-PROB. Molecular docking results revealed potential key residues involved in interactions between Ag-PROB, CTX-M-15 and TEM1B, suggesting the molecular mechanism of the ESBL inhibition. The obtained results added to the absence of mutagenic activity and low cytotoxic activity over non-tumor cell of the Ag-PROB complex open a new perspective for future in vivo tests demonstrating its potential of use as an antibacterial agent.
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Kuck K, Unterholzner A, Lipowicz B, Schwindl S, Jürgenliemk G, Schmidt TJ, Heilmann J. Terpenoids from Myrrh and Their Cytotoxic Activity against HeLa Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041637. [PMID: 36838624 PMCID: PMC9964945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The oleo-gum resin of Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. has a long history of medicinal use, although many of its constituents are still unknown. In the present investigation, 34 secondary metabolites were isolated from myrrh resin using different chromatographic techniques (silica flash chromatography, CPC, and preparative HPLC) and their structures were elucidated with NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS, CD spectroscopy, and ECD calculations. Among the isolated substances are seven sesquiterpenes (1-7), one disesquiterpene (8), and two triterpenes (23, 24), which were hitherto unknown, and numerous substances are described here for the first time for C. myrrha or the genus Commiphora. Furthermore, the effects of selected terpenes on cervix cancer cells (HeLa) were studied in an MTT-based in vitro assay. Three triterpenes were observed to be the most toxic with moderate IC50 values of 60.3 (29), 74.5 (33), and 78.9 µM (26). Due to the different activity of the structurally similar triterpenoids, the impact of different structural elements on the cytotoxic effect could be discussed and linked to the presence of a 1,2,3-trihydroxy substructure in the A ring. The influence on TNF-α dependent expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) was also tested for 4-6, 9-11, 17, 18, 20, and 27 in vitro, but revealed less than 20% ICAM-1 reduction and, therefore, no significant anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Kuck
- Lehrstuhl Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anna Unterholzner
- Lehrstuhl Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bartosz Lipowicz
- Repha GmbH Biologische Arzneimittel, Alt-Godshorn 87, D-30855 Langenhagen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schwindl
- Lehrstuhl Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Guido Jürgenliemk
- Lehrstuhl Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Lehrstuhl Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Lupane Triterpene Derivatives Improve Antiproliferative Effect on Leukemia Cells through Apoptosis Induction. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238263. [PMID: 36500355 PMCID: PMC9738192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is one of the most frequent types of cancer. No effective treatment currently exists, driving a search for new compounds. Simple structural modifications were made to novel triterpenes isolated from Phoradendron wattii. Of the three resulting derivatives, 3α-methoxy-24-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (T1m) caused a decrease in the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) on the K562 cell line. Its mode of action was apparently apoptosis, ROS generation, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Molecular docking analysis showed T1m to produce lower binding energies than its precursor for the Bcl-2 and EGFR proteins. Small, simple, and viable modifications to triterpenes can improve their activity against leukemia cell lines. T1m is a potentially promising element for future research. Clarifying the targets in its mode of action will improve its applicability.
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Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry, Toxicology, and Pharmacological Properties of Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. against Infectious Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144374. [PMID: 35889247 PMCID: PMC9319654 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have considerable potential as antimicrobial agents due to the presence of secondary metabolites. This comprehensive overview aims to summarize the classification, morphology, and ethnobotanical uses of Euphorbia neriifolia L. and its derived phytochemicals with the recent updates on the pharmacological properties against emerging infectious diseases, mainly focusing on bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. The data were collected from electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Semantic Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink by utilizing several keywords like 'Euphorbia neriifolia', 'phytoconstituents', 'traditional uses', 'ethnopharmacological uses', 'infectious diseases', 'molecular mechanisms', 'COVID-19', 'bacterial infection', 'viral infection', etc. The results related to the antimicrobial actions of these plant extracts and their derived phytochemicals were carefully reviewed and summarized. Euphol, monohydroxy triterpene, nerifoliol, taraxerol, β-amyrin, glut-5-(10)-en-1-one, neriifolione, and cycloartenol are the leading secondary metabolites reported in phytochemical investigations. These chemicals have been shown to possess a wide spectrum of biological functions. Different extracts of E. neriifolia exerted antimicrobial activities against various pathogens to different extents. Moreover, major phytoconstituents present in this plant, such as quercetin, rutin, friedelin, taraxerol, epitaraxerol, taraxeryl acetate, 3β-friedelanol, 3β-acetoxy friedelane, 3β-simiarenol, afzelin, 24-methylene cycloarenol, ingenol triacetate, and β-amyrin, showed significant antimicrobial activities against various pathogens that are responsible for emerging infectious diseases. This plant and the phytoconstituents, such as flavonoids, monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids, have been found to have significant antimicrobial properties. The current evidence suggests that they might be used as leads in the development of more effective drugs to treat emerging infectious diseases, including the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
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Herrera KM, Lopes GF, Oliveira ME, Sousa JF, Lima WG, Silva FK, Brito JC, Gomes AJPS, Viana GH, Soares AC, Ferreira JM. A 3-alkylpyridine-bearing alkaloid exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with no detectable resistance. Microbiol Res 2022; 261:127073. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jiang H, Lin X, Liang W, Li Y, Yu X. Friedelin Alleviates the Pathogenesis of Collagenase-Induced Tendinopathy in Mice by Promoting the Selective Autophagic Degradation of p65. Nutrients 2022; 14:1673. [PMID: 35458235 PMCID: PMC9031956 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of an aging population, tendinopathy has become a common musculoskeletal disease in the elderly with a high recurrence rate and no curative treatment. The inflammation mediated by NF-κB signaling plays an important role in tendon senescence and degeneration. Friedelin (FR) is a triterpenoid derived from green plants, which has a variety of pharmacological functions, such as analgesia, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and anti-tumor functions. However, the role and mechanism of FR in tendinopathy are unclear. Here, we found that FR improved the mechanical strength of the Achilles tendon, restored the orderly arrangement of collagen fibers, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and promoted tenogenesis, thereby blocking the progression of tendinopathy. Mechanistically, FR promoted the autophagic degradation of p65 by enhancing the interaction between p62 and p65 and effectively inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway, thus alleviating the inflammatory response of tenocytes. In addition, FR recruited E3 ubiquitin enzyme RNF182 to increase the K48-linked ubiquitination of p65 and promoted p62-mediated autophagic degradation. Furthermore, blocking ubiquitination reversed the degradation of p65 by FR. Therefore, these findings identify the new pharmacological mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of FR and provide a new candidate drug for the treatment of tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaji Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuebei People’s Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shantou University, Shaoguan 512026, China
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China;
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuebei People’s Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shantou University, Shaoguan 512026, China;
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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The Biosynthesis and Medicinal Properties of Taraxerol. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040807. [PMID: 35453556 PMCID: PMC9025716 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Taraxerol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is actively produced by some higher plants as part of a defense mechanism. The biosynthesis of taraxerol in plants occurs through the mevalonate pathway in the cytosol, in which dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) and isopentyl pyrophosphate (IPP) are first produced, followed by squalene. Squalene is the primary precursor for the synthesis of triterpenoids, including taraxerol, β-amyrin, and lupeol, which are catalyzed by taraxerol synthase. Taraxerol has been extensively investigated for its medicinal and pharmacological properties, and various biotechnological approaches have been established to produce this compound using in vitro techniques. This review provides an in-depth summary of the hypothesized taraxerol biosynthetic pathway, the medicinal properties of taraxerol, and recent developments on tissue culture for the in vitro production of taraxerol.
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Drummondin E and Flinderole B are potential inhibitors of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2: an in silico study. BIOTECHNOLOGIA 2022; 103:53-70. [PMID: 36605381 PMCID: PMC9642944 DOI: 10.5114/bta.2022.113915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected 235.6 million people worldwide. In the present study, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (PDB Id: 6M71) of SARS-CoV-2, an essential enzyme needed for subgenomic replication and amplification of RNA, was selected. Similar to other RdRps, it is a conserved protein and a popular target for antiviral drug therapy. Based on a computational approach, potential RdRp inhibitors were identified. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) of selected molecules were determined using computation tools. The potential inhibitors were docked to the RdRp and later confirmed by Molecular Dynamics (MD) using the "Flare" module of Cresset software. Drummondin E and Flinderole B had higher drug similarity scores among the compounds selected in this study. Both these compounds are noncarcinogenic, nonirritant, nontumorigenic, and nonmutagenic. Molecular docking studies showed that both compounds can bind to RdRp. The best ligand interaction patterns were validated by MD using the "Flare" module. MD was performed for the period of 100 ns with the time step of 1 fs. The simulation results suggest that Thr-680, Arg-624, Lys-676, and Val-557 are key interacting partners in the Drummondin E-RdRp complex, while Asp-618, Asp-760, Asp-623, Arg-624, and Asp-761 are the interacting partners in the Flinderole B-RdRp complex. Based on the in silico drug-likeness score; ADMET properties; and molecular simulation result, we surmise that Flinderole B and Drummondin E could impede SARS-CoV-2 genome replication and transcription by targeting the RdRp protein.
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Camargo KC, de Aguilar MG, Moraes ARA, de Castro RG, Szczerbowski D, Miguel ELM, Oliveira LR, Sousa GF, Vidal DM, Duarte LP. Pentacyclic Triterpenoids Isolated from Celastraceae: A Focus in the 13C-NMR Data. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030959. [PMID: 35164224 PMCID: PMC8838773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Celastraceae family comprises about 96 genera and more than 1.350 species, occurring mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The species of this family stand out as important plant sources of triterpenes, both in terms of abundance and structural diversity. Triterpenoids found in Celastraceae species display mainly lupane, ursane, oleanane, and friedelane skeletons, exhibiting a wide range of biological activities such as antiviral, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic against various tumor cell lines. This review aimed to document all triterpenes isolated from different botanical parts of species of the Celastraceae family covering 2001 to 2021. Furthermore, a compilation of their 13C-NMR data was carried out to help characterize compounds in future investigations. A total of 504 pentacyclic triterpenes were compiled and distinguished as 29 aromatic, 50 dimers, 103 friedelanes, 89 lupanes, 102 oleananes, 22 quinonemethides, 88 ursanes and 21 classified as others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Grasiely Faria Sousa
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Diogo Montes Vidal
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
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15
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da Cruz Nizer WS, Ferraz AC, Moraes TDFS, Lima WG, Dos Santos JP, Duarte LP, Magalhães CLDB, Vieira-Filho SA, de Magalhães JC. Netzahualcoyonol from Salacia multiflora (Lam.) DC. (Celastraceae) roots as a bioactive compound against gram-positive pathogens. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:5904-5909. [PMID: 34994265 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2023865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The expression of virulence factors, such as biofilm formation, in association with the acquisition of resistance to multiple drugs, has evidenced the need for new and effective antimicrobial agents against Staphylococcus aureus. The evaluation of the pharmacological properties of plant-derived compounds is a promising alternative to the development of new antimicrobials. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and the synergistic and cytotoxic effects of netzahualcoyonol isolated from Salacia multiflora (Lam.) DC. roots. Netzahualcoyonol presented bacteriostatic (1.56-25.0 µg/mL) and bactericidal (25.0-400.0 µg/mL) effects against Gram-positive bacteria, disrupted the biofilm of S. aureus, and presented a synergistic effect after its combination with β-lactams and aminoglycosides. The low cytotoxicity of netzahualcoyonol (Selectivity Index (SI) for S. aureus (2.56), S. saprophyticus (20.56), and Bacillus subtilis (1.28)) suggests a good security profile. Taken together, these results show that netzahualcoyonol is promising for the development of a new effective antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleska Stephanie da Cruz Nizer
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioprocess Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil.,Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ariane Coelho Ferraz
- Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Biological Science Research Nucleus, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - William Gustavo Lima
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cintia Lopes de Brito Magalhães
- Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Biological Science Research Nucleus, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - José Carlos de Magalhães
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioprocess Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil
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16
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Andrade JT, Lima WG, Barbosa CS, Gonçalves AMMN, Silva MKP, Morais FB, Palumbo JMC, Viana GHR, Ferreira JMS. Antifungal activity of a novel 3-Alkylpyridine analog derived from Marine sponge alkaloids. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20200944. [PMID: 34817035 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120200944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida spp. is considered an important cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. Currently, the emergence and spread of resistant Candida isolates are being increasingly reported, making the development of new agents urgently needed. In this study, we showed the in vitro anti-Candida activity of seven synthetic 3-alkylpyridine alkaloid analogs. Among them, alkaloid 1 presented a potent antifungal effect, which was independent of its capacity of binding with the fungal membrane ergosterol or cell wall. Analog 1 showed fungistatic and fungicidal effects against C. albicans (MIC 7.8 μg/mL and MFC 62.5 μg/mL), C. glabrata, C. krusei (MIC and MFC 31.2 μg/mL), and C. tropicalis (MIC 31.2 μg/mL and MFC 125 μg/mL). The time kill-curve study showed that compound 1 has a potent fungicidal effect in vitro, eliminating C. albicans cells. Furthermore, an in vitro synergistic effect with ketoconazole was observed for compound 1. This compound also eliminated the yeast-to-hypha transition. However, it showed high cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. Taken together, these findings support the use of compound 1 as a prototype to develop new anti-Candida agents, but molecular modifications should be done to minimize the high cytotoxicity obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica T Andrade
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - William G Lima
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 34096-830 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila S Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M M N Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Mayra K P Silva
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B Morais
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana M C Palumbo
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H R Viana
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline M S Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei/UFSJ, Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, Chanadour, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
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17
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Revealing the Mechanism of Friedelin in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:4451779. [PMID: 34765000 PMCID: PMC8577922 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4451779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon, and its incidence is rising worldwide. This study was designed to uncover the healing effect of friedelin, a bioactive compound against UC through bioinformatics of network pharmacology and experimental verification of UC model mice. Materials and Methods Targets of friedelin and potential mechanism of friedelin on UC were predicted through target searching, PPI network establishing, and enrichment analyzing. We explored effects of friedelin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Severity of UC was investigated by body weight, disease activity index (DAI), and length of the colon. Inflammation severity was examined by determination of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The numbers of autophagosome around the epithelial cells were observed by autophagy inhibition via a transmission electron microscope. The expressions of autophagy-related ATG5 protein and AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway were determined by immunofluorescence staining. Results In this study, 17 potential targets of friedelin and 1111 UC-related targets were identified. 10 therapeutic targets of friedelin against UC were acquired from overlapped targets of UC and friedelin. PPI network construction filtered 14 core targets through target amplification and confidence enhancement. The results of molecular docking showed that the docking scores of the top 5 active targets were higher than the threshold values. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were carried out, showing friedelin alleviates UC through anti-inflammatory pathways and molecular function of autophagy. Subsequently, animal-based experiments revealed the intraperitoneal injection of friedelin ameliorated DSS-induced body weight loss, DAI decrease, colon length shortening and colonic pathological damage with lower myeloperoxidase and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and higher IL-10 levels, and more autophagosomes in transmission electron microscope results. The AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway plays important role in the friedelin's effect in autophagy as KEGG pathway result and experiment verification. Furthermore, the 3 ma validated the role of autophagy as an improvement in the friedelin's pharmacologic effect to UC model mice. Conclusions Friedelin ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice through of inflammatory inhibition and regulation of autophagy.
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Noji M, Yoneyama T, Nishihama K, Elshamy AI, Hashimoto T, Umeyama A. Pentacyclic triterpenoids, fuscotorunones A and B, with ε-caprolactone in ring E from Fuscoporia torulosa. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 187:112748. [PMID: 33839519 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fuscoporia torulosa (Pers.) (Hymenochaetaceae) is a mushroom forming woody fruiting body on living or dead trees. Two curious pentacyclic triterpenoids, fuscotorunones A and B, each of which has a unique ε-caprolactone in ring E, were isolated from the fruiting bodies of F. torulosa. The structures of fuscotorunones A and B were elucidated using MS analyses, IR spectrum and extensive 2D-homo and heteronuclear NMR data interpretation. Furthermore, a predicted biosynthetic pathway from 2,3-oxidosqualene to fuscotorunones A and B in F. torulosa is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Noji
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 7708514, Japan.
| | - Tatsuro Yoneyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 7708514, Japan
| | - Kouichi Nishihama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 7708514, Japan
| | - Abdelsamed I Elshamy
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 7708514, Japan; Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Toshihiro Hashimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 7708514, Japan
| | - Akemi Umeyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 7708514, Japan
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19
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Pedrosa AM, de Castro WV, Castro AHF, Duarte-Almeida JM. Validated spectrophotometric method for quantification of total triterpenes in plant matrices. Daru 2020; 28:281-286. [DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00342-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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21
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Mulat M, Khan F, Muluneh G, Pandita A. Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Effects of Different Medicinal Plant: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190730151118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The application of medicinal plants for combating various human ailments, as a
food fortificant and additive have been adapted from ancient routine custom. Currently,
developing countries use plants as a major source of primary health care. Besides, the emerging
drug resistant pathogenic microbes encourage the utilization of medicinal plants as
preeminent alternative sources of new bioactive substances. Extensive research findings
have been reported in the last three decades. But methods to investigate the phytoconstituent
and their biological effects are limited. This review contains brief explanations about the selection
of medicinal plants, procedure for obtaining the crude as well as essential oil extracts,
phytochemical screening, and in-vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, the
antimicrobial activity of medicinal plant extracts reported from their respective solvent
fractionated and non-fractionated in-vitro analysis has also been described in the present paper.
The bioactive substances from medicinal plant along with chemical structure and biological
effects are highlighted in the content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulugeta Mulat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, U.P., India
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, U.P., India
| | - Gizachew Muluneh
- Division of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Archana Pandita
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, U.P., India
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22
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Almeida A, Dong L, Appendino G, Bak S. Plant triterpenoids with bond-missing skeletons: biogenesis, distribution and bioactivity. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1207-1228. [PMID: 32368768 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00030e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to December 2018 The polycyclic ABCD(E) framework of triterpenoids can miss a single endocyclic C-C bond as a result of a modification of the cyclization cascade that triggers their formation (interrupted- or diverted cascades), or can be the result of post-cyclization ring cleavage by late-stage oxidative modifications (seco-triterpenoids). Because of mechanistic and biogenetic differences, ring opening associated with loss of a skeletal fragment, as in nor-seco-triterpenoids (limonoids, quassinoids), will not be covered, nor will compounds where ring opening is part of a fragmentation cascade or of a multiple diversion from it. Even with these limitations, 342 bond-missing triterpenoids could be retrieved from the literature, with transversal distribution in the plant kingdom. Their structural diversity translates into a variety of biological targets, with dominance of potential applications in the realm of cancer, neuroprotection, and anti-infective therapy. In addition to the bioactivity and chemotaxonomic relevance of bond-missing triterpenoids, current knowledge on the genetic basis of interrupted- and diverted oxidosqualene cyclases will be summarized. This untapped source of enzymes could be useful to selectively modify triterpenoids by metabolic engineering, circumventing the bottlenecks of their isolation (poor yield or inadequate supply chain) to explore new areas of their chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Almeida
- Section of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Lemeng Dong
- Section of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Søren Bak
- Section of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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23
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Kumar A, Stashenko E, Rueda E, Martínez J, Ocazionez R. A pentacyclic triterpene from Lippia origanoides H.B.K and its cytotoxic activity. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_218_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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24
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Cruz BG, Rodrigues Teixeira AM, Silva PTD, Vasconcelos Evaristo FF, de Vaconcelos MA, Holanda Teixeira E, Dos Santos HS, Bandeira PN, Sena-Júnior DMD, Barreto VP, Coutinho HDM. Antimicrobial activity of the lupane triterpene 3 β,6 β,16 β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene isolated from Combretum leprosum Mart. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:1438-1444. [PMID: 31385784 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Combretum leprosum (Combretaceae) is commonly found in the Northeast Region of Brazil and is known for several bioactivities, including antimicrobial ones. Because of increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance, natural products from several plants have been studied as putative adjuvants to antibiotic activity, including products from C. leprosum. Aims. This study was carried out to investigate the structural properties, bactericidal activity and antibiotic modifying action of the lupane triterpene 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (CLF1) isolated from C. leprosum Mart. leaves.Methods. The CLF1 was evaluated by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method and the antibacterial activity of this compound was assayed alone and in association with antibiotics by microdilution assay.Results. Spectroscopic studies confirmed the molecular structure of the CLF1 and permitted assignment of the main infrared bands of this natural product. Microbiological assays showed that this lupane triterpene possesses antibacterial action with clinical relevance against Staphylococcus aureus. The CLF1 triterpene increased antimicrobial activity against the multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli 06 strain when associated with the antibiotics gentamicin and amikacin. Synergistic effects were observed against the S. aureus 10 strain in the presence of the CLF1 triterpene with the antibiotic gentamicin.Conclusion. In conclusion, the CLF1 compound may be useful in the development of antibacterial drugs against the aforementioned bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Priscila Teixeira da Silva
- Science and Technology Centre - Course of Chemistry, State University Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Mayron Alves de Vaconcelos
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil.,Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Edson Holanda Teixeira
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélcio Silva Dos Santos
- Science and Technology Centre - Course of Chemistry, State University Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Paulo Nogueira Bandeira
- Science and Technology Centre - Course of Chemistry, State University Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, CE, Brazil
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Malaník M, Treml J, Rjašková V, Tížková K, Kaucká P, Kokoška L, Kubatka P, Šmejkal K. Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.: Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122288. [PMID: 31226757 PMCID: PMC6630539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Maytenus macrocarpa (Celastraceae) is a tree native to Amazonia. Its roots, leaves, bark, and combinations of these are used in traditional medicine mainly to treat rheumatism and, to a lesser extent, to heal wounds and to combat bronchitis and diarrhea. To date, mainly triterpenes and dihydro-β-agarofuran sesquiterpenes were isolated from M. macrocarpa. Extracts and selected pure compounds isolated from the leaves, roots, and stem bark showed antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities in vitro. The aim of this review is to summarize the available ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological information about this traditional Amazonian medicinal tree, as well as to attract the attention of phytochemists and pharmacognosists to this potentially interesting source of ethnopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Malaník
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Treml
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Rjašková
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Karolina Tížková
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Kaucká
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Kokoška
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
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26
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Mandim F, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Abreu RMV, Pinela J, Alves MJ, Heleno S, Santos PF, Ferreira ICFR. Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull: chemical characterization, evaluation of its bioactive properties and effect on the vaginal microbiota. Food Funct 2019; 10:78-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01910j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
C. vulgaris inflorescences revealed myricetin derivatives as the main compound and polar extracts revealed higher bioactivities, preserving vaginal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mandim
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Rui M. V. Abreu
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Maria José Alves
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Sandrina Heleno
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - P. F. Santos
- Centro de Química – Vila Real (CQVR)
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
- 5001-801 Vila Real
- Portugal
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO)
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
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27
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Han JY, Ahn CH, Adhikari PB, Kondeti S, Choi YE. Functional characterization of an oxidosqualene cyclase (PdFRS) encoding a monofunctional friedelin synthase in Populus davidiana. PLANTA 2019; 249:95-111. [PMID: 30145615 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2985-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An oxidosqualene cyclase (PdFRS) from Populus davidiana was characterized as a monofunctional friedelin synthase by its heterologous expression in yeast and overexpression in plants. Triterpenes are one of the largest classes of plant chemical compounds composed of three terpene units, which form the basic skeleton of all sterols and saponins. Friedelin (friedelan-3-one), a pentacyclic triterpene, occurs in many plant families and is particularly present in rich amounts in cork tissues from trees. The biosynthesis of friedelin occurs through the oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC) enzyme that generates friedelin from 2,3-oxidosqualene after the maximum rearrangement of a triterpene skeleton. Populus davidiana is called Korean aspen and grows in northern East Asia. From 57,322 unique sequences generated from the P. davidiana transcriptome database, one complete coding sequence (PdFRS) was obtained from a contig, which showed 74% identity to Betula platyphylla β-amyrin synthase and 73% identity with friedelin synthase from Maytenus ilicifolia. The open reading frame (ORF) region of the PdFRS sequence was 2280 bp long and composed a 759 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 87.81 kDa. qPCR analysis revealed that methyl jasmonate treatments strongly upregulated PdFRS gene expression and resulted in enhanced friedelin accumulation in leaves. Heterologous expression of the PdFRS gene in yeast resulted in the production of friedelin triterpene as a single product, which was confirmed by comparison with the mass fragmentation pattern from an authentic friedelin standard by GC/MS analysis. Transgenic P. davidiana overexpressing the PdFRS gene was constructed via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Overexpression of PdFRS in transgenic P. davidiana lines resulted in enhanced friedelin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Han
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Ahn
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Prakash Babu Adhikari
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Subramanyam Kondeti
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Eui Choi
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Aruldass CA, Masalamany SRL, Venil CK, Ahmad WA. Antibacterial mode of action of violacein from Chromobacterium violaceum UTM5 against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5164-5180. [PMID: 28361404 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8855-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Violacein, violet pigment produced by Chromobacterium violaceum, has attracted much attention recently due to its pharmacological properties including antibacterial activity. The present study investigated possible antibacterial mode of action of violacein from C. violaceum UTM5 against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. Violet fraction was obtained by cultivating C. violaceum UTM5 in liquid pineapple waste medium, extracted, and fractionated using ethyl acetate and vacuum liquid chromatography technique. Violacein was quantified as major compound in violet fraction using HPLC analysis. Violet fraction displayed bacteriostatic activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.9 μg/mL. Fluorescence dyes for membrane damage and scanning electron microscopic analysis confirmed the inhibitory effect by disruption on membrane integrity, morphological alternations, and rupture of the cell membranes of both strains. Transmission electron microscopic analysis showed membrane damage, mesosome formation, and leakage of intracellular constituents of both bacterial strains. Mode of action of violet fraction on the cell membrane integrity of both strains was shown by release of protein, K+, and extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) with 110.5 μg/mL, 2.34 μg/mL, and 87.24 ng/μL, respectively, at 48 h of incubation. Violet fraction was toxic to human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and human fetal lung fibroblast (IMR90) cell lines with LC50 value of 0.998 ± 0.058 and 0.387 ± 0.002 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, violet fraction showed a strong antibacterial property by disrupting the membrane integrity of S. aureus and MRSA strains. This is the first report on the possible mode of antibacterial action of violet fraction from C. violaceum UTM5 on S. aureus and MRSA strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claira Arul Aruldass
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Wan Azlina Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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Dhayalan A, Gracilla DE, Dela Peña RA, Malison MT, Pangilinan CR. Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of the Ethanol and Chloroform Crude Leaf Extracts of Spathiphyllum cannifolium (Dryand. ex Sims) Schott. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2018; 10:15-20. [PMID: 29657503 PMCID: PMC5887647 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_95_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: The study investigated the medicinal properties of Spathiphyllum cannifolium (Dryand. ex Sims) Schott as a possible source of antimicrobial compounds. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical constituents were screened using qualitative methods and the antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined using agar well diffusion method. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance and Fisher’s least significant difference test were used. Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of sterols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, and tannins in both ethanol and chloroform leaf extracts, but triterpenes were detected only in the ethanol leaf extract. The antimicrobial assay revealed that the chloroform leaf extract inhibited Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas the ethanol leaf extract inhibited E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis only. The ethanol and chloroform leaf extracts exhibited the highest zone of inhibition against B. subtilis. The antifungal assay showed that both the leaf extracts have no bioactivity against Aspergillus niger and C. albicans. Conclusions: Results suggest that chloroform is the better solvent for the extraction of antimicrobial compounds against the test organisms used in this study. Findings of this research will add new knowledge in advancing drug discovery and development in the Philippines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunachalam Dhayalan
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Manila Central University, EDSA, Caloocan City, Philippines
| | - Daniel E Gracilla
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Manila Central University, EDSA, Caloocan City, Philippines
| | - Renato A Dela Peña
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Manila Central University, EDSA, Caloocan City, Philippines
| | - Marilyn T Malison
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Manila Central University, EDSA, Caloocan City, Philippines
| | - Christian R Pangilinan
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Manila Central University, EDSA, Caloocan City, Philippines
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Nascimento FR, Albuquerque KRS, Oliveira MR, Pizziolo VR, Brasileiro BG, Diaz G, Diaz MAN. Antibiotic activity of Plectranthus ornatus Codd., a Traditional Medicinal Plant. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2461-2469. [PMID: 29044318 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dichloromethane extract of Plectranthus ornatus Codd., a tradicional medicinal plant, showed antibiotic activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.4 mg.mL-1 and 100 percent of biofilm inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from animals with mastitis infections. Based on these antibacterial activities, in addition to ethnopharmacological reports from healing men and farmers in Brazil, an herbal soap was produced from this active extract and was tested both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo assays conducted on these herbal soaps led to results similar to those previously conducted with the active extract. These results indicated the great potential of this plant for use as an excipient by preparing herbal antibacterial soaps as an alternative veterinary medicine aimed at controlling bovine mastitis infections on small Brazilian farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda R Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Kamylla R S Albuquerque
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos R Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Virginia R Pizziolo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Beatriz G Brasileiro
- Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas Gerais, Avenida Coronel Monteiro de Castro, 550, 36880-000 Muriaé, MG, Brazil
| | - Gaspar Diaz
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marisa A N Diaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Veloso CC, Soares GL, Perez AC, Rodrigues VG, Silva FC. Pharmacological potential of Maytenus species and isolated constituents, especially tingenone, for treatment of painful inflammatory diseases. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Anti-inflammatory pentacyclic triterpenes from the stems of Euonymus carnosus. Fitoterapia 2017; 118:21-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Oprean C, Zambori C, Borcan F, Soica C, Zupko I, Minorics R, Bojin F, Ambrus R, Muntean D, Danciu C, Pinzaru IA, Dehelean C, Paunescu V, Tanasie G. Anti-proliferative and antibacterial in vitro evaluation of the polyurethane nanostructures incorporating pentacyclic triterpenes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2714-2722. [PMID: 27159077 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1180538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Oleanolic and ursolic acids are antitumor and antibacterial agents which are extensively studied. Their major disadvantage is the poor water solubility which limits their applications. OBJECTIVES Oleanolic and ursolic acid were encapsulated into polyurethane nanostructures that act as drug carriers. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the particles, anti-microbial and anti-proliferative activity compared to un-encapsulated active compounds was tested. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using an interfacial polycondensation technique, combined with spontaneous emulsification, structures with nanoscale dimensions were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray assays confirmed the encapsulation process. Concentrations of 10 and 30 μM particles and un-encapsulated compounds were tested by MTT viability assay for several breast cancer lines, with an exposure time of 72 h. For the antibacterial studies, the dilution method with MIC determination was used. RESULTS Ursolic acid had an excellent inhibitory effect with IC50 value of 2.47, 1.20, 1.26 and 1.34 μM on MCF7, T47D, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-361, respectively. Oleanolic acid did not show anti-proliferative activity. The pure compounds showed their antibacterial activity only against Bacillus species and Candida albicans, but MIC values were too high to be considered efficient antimicrobial agents (2280 and 4570 μg mL - 1, respectively). Polyurethane nanoparticles which incorporated the agents did not show any biological activity. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Although the active compounds did not fully exert their anti-proliferative activity following encapsulation inside polymeric nanoparticles, in vivo evaluation is needed in order to obtain an exhaustive conclusion, as the active compounds could be released as a result of metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Oprean
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Csilla Zambori
- b Faculty of Medicine , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Florin Borcan
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Codruta Soica
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Istvan Zupko
- c Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Renata Minorics
- c Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Florina Bojin
- b Faculty of Medicine , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Rita Ambrus
- d Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Delia Muntean
- b Faculty of Medicine , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Corina Danciu
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Iulia Andreea Pinzaru
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- b Faculty of Medicine , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
| | - Gabriela Tanasie
- b Faculty of Medicine , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" , Timişoara , România
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Muthusamy K, Chinnasamy S, Nagarajan S, Sivaraman T, Chinnasamy S. Isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds of Clematis gouriana Roxb. ex DC against snake venom phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) computational and in vitro insights. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:1936-1949. [PMID: 27355444 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1202862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds were isolated from Clematis gouriana Roxb. ex DC. The compounds were separated, characterized, the structures elucidated and submitted to the PubChem Database. The PubChem Ids SID 249494134 and SID 249494135 were tested against phospholipases A2 (PLA2) of Naja naja (Indian cobra) venom for PLA2 activity. Both the compounds showed promising inhibitory activity; computational data also substantiated the results. The two compounds underwent density functional theory calculation to observe the chemical stability and electrostatic potential profile. Molecular interactions between the compounds and PLA2 were observed at the binding pocket of the PLA2 protein. Further, this protein-ligand complexes were simulated for a timescale of 100 ns of molecular dynamics simulation. Experimental and computational results showed significant PLA2 inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Muthusamy
- a Department of Bioinformatics , Alagappa University , Karaikudi 630004 , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Sathishkumar Chinnasamy
- a Department of Bioinformatics , Alagappa University , Karaikudi 630004 , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Subbiah Nagarajan
- b Department of Chemistry , Sastra University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamil Nadu , India
| | | | - Selvakumar Chinnasamy
- d Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology , Misurata University , Misrata , Libya
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Benvenutti DF, Monache FD, Filho VC, de Andrade SF, Niero R. Phytochemical Analysis and Gastroprotective Activity of the Root Bark from Maytenus robusta. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work evaluated the chemical composition and antiulcerogenic potential of the crude extract, fractions and pure compounds isolated of roots barks from Maytenus robusta Reiss, using different pharmacological models in mice. 3,12-Dioxofriedelane (1) and 11-hydroxylup-20 (29)-en-3-one (2) were isolated from the n-hexane fraction, and mayteine (3) and 3,7-dioxofriedelane (4) from the dichloromethane fraction. The crude extract (50, 259, 500 mg/kg), all the fractions (250 mg/kg) and cimetidine (100 mg/kg) significantly reduced the lesion index, total lesion area, and percentage of lesions, in comparison with the control group ( p< 0.05), by ethanol and NSAID-induced ulcer models. All the isolated compounds also presented significant pharmacological effects at 30 mg/kg. These results show that the root bark of M. robusta may be a promising source of molecules with applicability in the treatment of gastric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyela Francine Benvenutti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)-Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil- 88302–901
| | - Franco Delle Monache
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)-Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil- 88302–901
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)-Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil- 88302–901
| | - Sérgio Faloni de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)-Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil- 88302–901
| | - Rivaldo Niero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)-Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil- 88302–901
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Scorzoni L, Sangalli-Leite F, de Lacorte Singulani J, de Paula e Silva ACA, Costa-Orlandi CB, Fusco-Almeida AM, Mendes-Giannini MJS. Searching new antifungals: The use of in vitro and in vivo methods for evaluation of natural compounds. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 123:68-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Lacouth-Silva F, Xavier CV, da S. Setúbal S, Pontes AS, Nery NM, de Castro OB, Fernandes CFC, Honda ER, Zanchi FB, Calderon LA, Stábeli RG, Soares AM, Silva-Jardim I, Facundo VA, Zuliani JP. The effect of 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene lupane compound isolated from Combretum leprosum Mart. on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:420. [PMID: 26608735 PMCID: PMC4659216 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0948-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Combretum leprosum Mart. plant, popularly known as mofumbo, is used in folk medicine for inflammation, pain and treatment of wounds. From this species, it is possible to isolate three triterpenes: (3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene) called lupane, arjunolic acid and molic acid. In this study, through preclinical tests, the effect of lupane was evaluated on the cytotoxicity and on the ability to activate cellular function by the production of TNF-α, an inflammatory cytokine, and IL-10, an immuno regulatory cytokine was assessed. The effect of lupane on the enzymes topoisomerase I and II was also evaluated. METHODS For this reason, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained and cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT method at three different times (1, 15 and 24 h), and different concentrations of lupane (0.3, 0.7, 1.5, 6, 3 and 12 μg/mL). The cell function was assessed by the production of TNF-α and IL-10 by PBMCs quantified by specific enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The activity of topoisomerases was assayed by in vitro biological assays and in silico molecular docking. RESULTS The results obtained showed that lupane at concentrations below 1.5 μg/mL was not toxic to the cells. Moreover, lupane was not able to activate cellular functions and did not alter the production of IL-10 and TNF-α. Furthermore, the data showed that lupane has neither interfered in the action of topoisomerase I nor in the action of topoisomerase II. CONCLUSION Based on preclinical results obtained in this study, we highlight that the compound studied (lupane) has moderate cytotoxicity, does not induce the production of TNF-α and IL-10, and does not act on human topoisomerases. Based on the results of this study and taking into consideration the reports about the anti-inflammatory and leishmanicidal activity of 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene, we suggest that this compound may serve as a biotechnological tool for the treatment of leishmaniasis in the future.
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Abay SM, Lucantoni L, Dahiya N, Dori G, Dembo EG, Esposito F, Lupidi G, Ogboi S, Ouédraogo RK, Sinisi A, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Yerbanga RS, Bramucci M, Quassinti L, Ouédraogo JB, Christophides G, Habluetzel A. Plasmodium transmission blocking activities of Vernonia amygdalina extracts and isolated compounds. Malar J 2015. [PMID: 26208861 PMCID: PMC4513948 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Medicinal plants are a validated source for discovery of new leads and standardized herbal medicines. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of Vernoniaamygdalina leaf extracts and isolated compounds against gametocytes and sporogonic stages of Plasmodiumberghei and to validate the findings on field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Methods Aqueous (Ver-H2O) and ethanolic (Ver-EtOH) leaf extracts were tested in vivo for activity against sexual and asexual blood stage P. berghei parasites. In vivo transmission blocking effects of Ver-EtOH and Ver-H2O were estimated by assessing P. berghei oocyst prevalence and density in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. Activity targeting early sporogonic stages (ESS), namely gametes, zygotes and ookinetes was assessed in vitro using P. berghei CTRPp.GFP strain. Bioassay guided fractionation was performed to characterize V.amygdalina fractions and molecules for anti-ESS activity. Fractions active against ESS of the murine parasite were tested for ex vivo transmission blocking activity on P.falciparum field isolates. Cytotoxic effects of extracts and isolated compounds vernolide and vernodalol were evaluated on the human cell lines HCT116 and EA.hy926. Results Ver-H2O reduced the P. berghei macrogametocyte density in mice by about 50% and Ver-EtOH reduced P. berghei oocyst prevalence and density by 27 and 90%, respectively, in An.stephensi mosquitoes. Ver-EtOH inhibited almost completely (>90%) ESS development in vitro at 50 μg/mL. At this concentration, four fractions obtained from the ethylacetate phase of the methanol extract displayed inhibitory activity >90% against ESS. Three tested fractions were also found active against field isolates of the human parasite P. falciparum, reducing oocyst prevalence in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes to one-half and oocyst density to one-fourth of controls. The molecules and fractions displayed considerable cytotoxicity on the two tested cell-lines. Conclusions Vernonia amygdalina leaves contain molecules affecting multiple stages of Plasmodium, evidencing its potential for drug discovery. Chemical modification of the identified hit molecules, in particular vernodalol, could generate a library of druggable sesquiterpene lactones. The development of a multistage phytomedicine designed as preventive treatment to complement existing malaria control tools appears a challenging but feasible goal. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0812-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon M Abay
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy. .,School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Leonardo Lucantoni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy. .,Discovery Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Nisha Dahiya
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Geme Dori
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Edson G Dembo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Esposito
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Guilio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Sonny Ogboi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Robert K Ouédraogo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy. .,Institut de Recherche enSciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | - Annamaria Sinisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - R Serge Yerbanga
- Institut de Recherche enSciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | - Massimo Bramucci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Luana Quassinti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Jean Bosco Ouédraogo
- Institut de Recherche enSciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | | | - Annette Habluetzel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Pereira de Sá N, Lino CI, Fonseca NC, Borelli BM, Ramos JP, Souza-Fagundes EM, Rosa CA, Santos DA, Barbosa de Oliveira R, Johann S. Thiazole compounds with activity against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans in vitro. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 102:233-42. [PMID: 26276437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human cryptococcosis can occur as a primary or opportunistic infection and develop as an acute, subacute, or chronic, systemic infection involving different host organs. We evaluated the antifungal activity of thirteen compounds against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans in vitro, by assessing the toxicity of the compounds showing the greatest antifungal activity in VERO cells and murine macrophages. From these results, four compounds were considered promising for further studies because they displayed low cytotoxicity and significant antifungal activity. The heterocyclic compounds 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1m have antifungal activity levels between that of amphotericin B and fluconazole in vitro. The death curve of Cryptococcus spp. treated with these four compounds was similar to the curve obtained for amphotericin B, in that we observed a significant reduction in cell viability within the first 24 h of treatment. Additionally, we found that there was no effect when these compounds were combined with amphotericin and fluconazole, except for 1c, which antagonized the effect of amphotericin B against C. gattii, also reflected in the reduction of the post-antifungal effect (PAFE); however, this interaction did not alter the ergosterol content. The results shown in this paper reveal the discovery of novel thiazole compounds, which are easy to synthesize, and with potentially exhibit antifungal activity, and display low cytotoxicity in normal mammalian cells. These compounds can be used as prototypes for the design of new antifungal drugs against C. gattii and C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nívea Pereira de Sá
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cleudiomar Inácio Lino
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Nayara Cristina Fonseca
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Martins Borelli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonas Pereira Ramos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Elaine Maria Souza-Fagundes
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniel Assis Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Barbosa de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Susana Johann
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Omoyeni OA, Hussein A, Meyer M, Green I, Iwuoha E. Pleiocarpa pycnantha leaves and its triterpenes induce apoptotic cell death in Caco-2 cells in vitro. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:224. [PMID: 26169589 PMCID: PMC4499947 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Recently, we reported that the crude fractions and pure triterpenes; ursolic acid (C1), 27-E and 27-Z p-coumaric esters of ursolic acid (C2, C3), together with a new triterpene 2,3-seco-taraxer-14-en-2,3-lactone [pycanocarpine (C4)] and its hydrolysed derivative - (2,3-seco-taraxen-4-hydroxy-14-en-2-oic acid) [pycanocarpene (C5)] from Pleiocarpa pycnantha leaves inhibit cell proliferation. However, there has not been any specific report on the use of Pleiocarpa pycnantha leaves and its constituents to kill colorectal adenocarcinoma cancer CaCo-2 cells. We performed in vitro study to evaluate the cytotoxic properties of the ethanolic extract of P. pycnanthaP, compounds C2 and C3. A preliminary study of the potential mechanisms were also undertaken. Methods Cell viability was measured by WST-1 assay. The Apoptosis level was evaluated by staining with APOPercentage™ dye and the induction of caspases 3/7 and 9 using Caspase-Glo® assays. Results The exposure of an ethanolic extract from the leaves of P. pycnantha (0.1–1000 μg/ml) and the isolated compounds C2 and C3 (6,25–100 μg/ml) to human colorectal cancer cells reduced the cell viability with an IC50 > 100, 40.9, 36.3 μg/ml for P, C2 and C3 respectively, after 24 h of incubation. The APOPercentageTM assay also showed a considerable increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells after 24 h; (25–38 % for P, 5–23 % for C2 and 6–47 % for C3). Caspase 3 was also activated which is a hallmark of apoptosis. Conclusion These findings suggest that the P. pycnantha and the isolated compounds induce cell apoptosis in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. A further study with other cell lines is also recommended.
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Chudzik M, Korzonek-Szlacheta I, Król W. Triterpenes as potentially cytotoxic compounds. Molecules 2015; 20:1610-25. [PMID: 25608043 PMCID: PMC6272502 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20011610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triterpenes are compounds of natural origin, which have numerously biological activities: anti-cancer properties, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal. These substances can be isolated from plants, animals or fungi. Nowadays, when neoplasms are main cause of death, triterpenes can become an alternative method for treating cancer because of their cytotoxic properties and chemopreventive activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Chudzik
- Chair and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, Zabrze 41-808, Poland.
| | - Ilona Korzonek-Szlacheta
- Department of Nutrition-Associated Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Piekarska 18, Bytom 41-902, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Król
- Chair and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, Zabrze 41-808, Poland.
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Aruldass CA, Rubiyatno R, Venil CK, Ahmad WA. Violet pigment production from liquid pineapple waste by Chromobacterium violaceum UTM5 and evaluation of its bioactivity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05765e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid pineapple waste, a novel nutritious low cost growth medium. Crude violet pigment shows bioactivity. This is the first report on the production of violet pigment using liquid pineapple waste medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claira Arul Aruldass
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor
- Malaysia
| | - Rubiyatno Rubiyatno
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor
- Malaysia
| | | | - Wan Azlina Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor
- Malaysia
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Antimicrobial effect of the triterpene 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene on planktonic cells and biofilms from Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:729358. [PMID: 25093179 PMCID: PMC4100443 DOI: 10.1155/2014/729358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (CLF1), a triterpene isolated from Combretum leprosum Mart., in inhibiting the planktonic growth and biofilms of Gram positive bacteria Streptococcus mutans and S. mitis. The antimicrobial activity was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The antibiofilm potential was determined by quantifying total biomass and enumerating biofilm-entrapped viable bacteria. In addition, the acute toxicity of CLF1 on Artemia sp. nauplii was also determined. The results showed that CLF1 was able in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans and S. mitis with MIC and MBC of 7.8 μg/mL and 15.6 μg/mL, respectively. CLF1 was highly effective on biofilms of both bacteria. Only 7.8 μg/mL CLF1 was enough to inhibit by 97% and 90% biomass production of S. mutans and S. mitis, respectively. On the other hand, such effects were not evident on Gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella oxytoca. The toxicity tests showed that the LC50 of CLF1 was 98.19 μg/mL. Therefore, CLF1 isolated from C. leprosum may constitute an important natural agent for the development of new therapies for caries and other infectious diseases caused by S. mutans and S. mitis.
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Koffuor GA, Dickson R, Gbedema SY, Ekuadzi E, Dapaah G, Otoo LF. The immunostimulatory and antimicrobial property of two herbal decoctions used in the management of HIV/AIDS in Ghana. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2014; 11:166-72. [PMID: 25371579 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v11i3.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV/AIDS is a pandemic retarding economic growth and destroying human capital globally. This study therefore investigated the perceived efficacy of Betula alba (BA) and Sutherlandia frutescens (SF) decoctions used in the management of HIV/AIDS in Ghana. MATERIALS AND METHODS A study on the records of HIV/AIDS patients attending Habibi Herbal Clinic, Kumasi, Ghana, was conducted to obtain information on the initial viral load presented during their maiden visit and results after treatment with the herbal decoctions. The decoctions were assessed for immunostimulatory property in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed ICR mice. Total white blood cell count, as well as lymphocyte and neutrophil counts were determined and their effects compared with Levamisole. The decoctions were also screened for antimicrobial activity by the micro dilution method. RESULTS The two herbal decoctions used significantly reduced (P ≤ 0.001) the patients' viral loads (47.42 ± 17.28 % to 13.69 ± 12.42 %; n=16). BA (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg) and SF (0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/kg) caused significant increment (P ≤ 0.001) in total WBC and lymphocyte count in mice comparable to that produced by 2.5 mg/kg Levamisole. The decoctions also exhibited antimicrobial activity against gram negative and gram positive bacteria as well as Candida albicans (MIC 0.607 to 3.062 mg/ml). Phytochemicals present in both plants include saponins, terpenoids and coumarins. CONCLUSION The Betula alba and Sutherlandia frutescens decoctions have interesting immunostimulatory and antimicrobial properties and hence could be useful in the management of HIV/AIDS and associated opportunistic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Asumeng Koffuor
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Rita Dickson
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Stephen Yao Gbedema
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Edmund Ekuadzi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Gabriel Dapaah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Lydia Francisca Otoo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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