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Nuntawong P, Senoo A, Tayama Y, Caaveiro JMM, Morimoto S, Sakamoto S. An aptamer-based fluorometric method for the rapid berberine detection in Kampo medicines. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1318:342930. [PMID: 39067935 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine (BBR), a key component in Kampo medicine, is a cationic benzylisoquinoline alkaloid whose detection plays a critical role in the quality control of these traditional remedies. Traditional methods for detecting BBR often involve complex procedures, which can be time-consuming and costly. To address this challenge, our study focuses on developing a simpler, faster, and more efficient detection method for BBR in Kampo medicine formulations. RESULTS We successfully developed a rapid fluorometric detection method for BBR using colloidal gold nanoparticle-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (GOLD-SELEX). Initially, specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) sequences were selected for their ability to enhance BBR's fluorescence intensity. The optimal ssDNA sequence, identified as BBR38, was further truncated to produce BBR38S, a stem-loop ssDNA that improved fluorescence upon interaction with BBR. To further enhance the fluorescence, the BBR38S aptamer underwent additional modifications, including stem truncation and nucleotide mutations, resulting in the higher fluorescence variant BBR38S-3 A10C. The final product, TetBBR38S, a tetramer version of BBR38S-3 A10C, exhibited a linear detection range of 0.780-50.0 μg mL-1 and a limit of detection of 0.369 μg mL-1. The assay demonstrated sufficient selectivity and was successfully applied to analyze 128 different Kampo medicine formulations, accurately detecting BBR content with high precision. SIGNIFICANCE This study represents an advancement in Kampo medicine research, marking the first successful application of an aptamer-based approach for BBR detection in complex matrices. The developed method is not only simple and rapid (with a detection time of 5 min) but also cost-effective, which is crucial for widespread application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poomraphie Nuntawong
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akinobu Senoo
- Department of Protein Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yorie Tayama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jose M M Caaveiro
- Department of Protein Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Rezaul Islam M, Akash S, Murshedul Islam M, Sarkar N, Kumer A, Chakraborty S, Dhama K, Ahmed Al-Shaeri M, Anwar Y, Wilairatana P, Rauf A, Halawani IF, Alzahrani FM, Khan H. Alkaloids as drug leads in Alzheimer's treatment: Mechanistic and therapeutic insights. Brain Res 2024; 1834:148886. [PMID: 38582413 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has few effective treatment options and continues to be a major global health concern. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that typically affects elderly people. Alkaloids have potential sources for novel drug discovery due to their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities. Alkaloids, natural products with heterocyclic nitrogen-containing structures, are considered potential treatments for AD. This review explores the neuroprotective properties of alkaloids in AD, focusing on their ability to regulate pathways such as amyloid-beta aggregation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. The FDA has approved alkaloids such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like galantamine and rivastigmine. This article explores AD's origins, current market medications, and clinical applications of alkaloids in AD therapy. This review explores the development of alkaloid-based drugs for AD, focusing on pharmacokinetics, blood-brain barrier penetration, and potential adverse effects. Future research should focus on the clinical evaluation of promising alkaloids, developing recently discovered alkaloids, and the ongoing search for novel alkaloids for medical treatment. A pharmaceutical option containing an alkaloid may potentially slow down the progression of AD while enhancing its symptoms. This review highlights the potential of alkaloids as valuable drug leads in treating AD, providing a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Murshedul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Nadia Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Ajoy Kumer
- Laboratory of Computational Research for Drug Design and Material Science, Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, 4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector 10, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- State Disease Investigation Laboratory, ARDD, Abhoynagar, Agartala, West Tripura, Pin-799005, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Izatnagar-243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Majed Ahmed Al-Shaeri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim F Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200 Mardan, Pakistan.
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Ahmadi M, Hadjzadeh MAR, Rajaei Z. Effects of Berberis vulgaris fruit extract on oxidative stress status in the kidney and liver of diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 21:191-196. [PMID: 38282343 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2023-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress has a key role in the diabetes pathogenesis and complications. Berberis vulgaris is known in folk medicine for curing several diseases. The current research aimed to assess the influences of Berberis vulgaris fruit extract against oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, ip) was injected to male rats. After diabetes confirmation, animals received the Berberis vulgaris fruit extract daily at amounts of 3.5 and 7.5 % of drinking water (v/v) for six weeks. Total thiol and lipid peroxidation levels were assessed in the serum, liver, kidney and spleen at the end of the study. RESULTS Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia along with enhancement of lipid peroxidation levels in the serum, liver, kidney and spleen, and decrement of total thiol content in the kidney and liver tissues. Chronic administration of Berberis vulgaris fruit extract at amount of 3.5 % of drinking water decreased the lipid peroxidation level in the serum and liver, and enhanced total thiol level in the liver and kidney. CONCLUSIONS Berberis vulgaris fruit extract exerts antioxidant activity in the serum, liver and kidney organs of diabetic rats. Therefore, it might be used in the prevention and control of diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mousa-Al-Reza Hadjzadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ziba Rajaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Ivan IM, Olaru OT, Popovici V, Chițescu CL, Popescu L, Luță EA, Ilie EI, Brașoveanu LI, Hotnog CM, Nițulescu GM, Boscencu R, Gîrd CE. Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Properties of Berberis vulgaris (L.) Stem Bark Dry Extract. Molecules 2024; 29:2053. [PMID: 38731544 PMCID: PMC11085362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris (L.) has remarkable ethnopharmacological properties and is widely used in traditional medicine. The present study investigated B. vulgaris stem bark (Berberidis cortex) by extraction with 50% ethanol. The main secondary metabolites were quantified, resulting in a polyphenols content of 17.6780 ± 3.9320 mg Eq tannic acid/100 g extract, phenolic acids amount of 3.3886 ± 0.3481 mg Eq chlorogenic acid/100 g extract and 78.95 µg/g berberine. The dried hydro-ethanolic extract (BVE) was thoroughly analyzed using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS) and HPLC, and 40 bioactive phenolic constituents were identified. Then, the antioxidant potential of BVE was evaluated using three methods. Our results could explain the protective effects of Berberidis cortex EC50FRAP = 0.1398 mg/mL, IC50ABTS = 0.0442 mg/mL, IC50DPPH = 0.2610 mg/mL compared to ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0.0165 mg/mL). Next, the acute toxicity and teratogenicity of BVE and berberine-berberine sulfate hydrate (BS)-investigated on Daphnia sp. revealed significant BS toxicity after 24 h, while BVE revealed considerable toxicity after 48 h and induced embryonic developmental delays. Finally, the anticancer effects of BVE and BS were evaluated in different tumor cell lines after 24 and 48 h of treatments. The MTS assay evidenced dose- and time-dependent antiproliferative activity, which was higher for BS than BVE. The strongest diminution of tumor cell viability was recorded in the breast (MDA-MB-231), colon (LoVo) cancer, and OSCC (PE/CA-PJ49) cell lines after 48 h of exposure (IC50 < 100 µg/mL). However, no cytotoxicity was reported in the normal epithelial cells (HUVEC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HT-29) cell lines. Extensive data analysis supports our results, showing a significant correlation between the BVE concentration, phenolic compounds content, antioxidant activity, exposure time, and the viability rate of various normal cells and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionuț Mădălin Ivan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Violeta Popovici
- Center for Mountain Economics, “Costin C. Kiriţescu” National Institute of Economic Research (INCE-CEMONT), Romanian Academy, 725700 Vatra-Dornei, Romania
| | - Carmen Lidia Chițescu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galați, A.I. Cuza 35, 800010 Galați, Romania;
| | - Liliana Popescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Emanuela Alice Luță
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Elena Iuliana Ilie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Lorelei Irina Brașoveanu
- Center of Immunology, “Stefan S. Nicolau” Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 285 Mihai Bravu Ave., 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (L.I.B.); (C.M.H.)
| | - Camelia Mia Hotnog
- Center of Immunology, “Stefan S. Nicolau” Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 285 Mihai Bravu Ave., 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (L.I.B.); (C.M.H.)
| | - George Mihai Nițulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Cerasela Elena Gîrd
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
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Och A, Lemieszek MK, Cieśla M, Jedrejek D, Kozłowska A, Pawelec S, Nowak R. Berberis vulgaris L. Root Extract as a Multi-Target Chemopreventive Agent against Colon Cancer Causing Apoptosis in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4786. [PMID: 38732003 PMCID: PMC11084310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris L. (Berberidaceae) is a shrub that has been widely used in European folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. The purpose of our study was to elucidate the mechanisms of the chemopreventive action of the plant's methanolic root extract (BVR) against colon cancer cells. Studies were conducted in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (LS180 and HT-29) and control colon epithelial CCD841 CoN cells. According to the MTT assay, after 48 h of cell exposure, the IC50 values were as follows: 4.3, 46.1, and 50.2 µg/mL for the LS180, HT-29, and CCD841 CoN cells, respectively, showing the greater sensitivity of the cancer cells to BVR. The Cell Death Detection ELISAPLUS kit demonstrated that BVR induced programmed cell death only against HT-29 cells. Nuclear double staining revealed the great proapoptotic BVR properties in HT-29 cells and subtle effect in LS180 cells. RT-qPCR with the relative quantification method showed significant changes in the expression of genes related to apoptosis in both the LS180 and HT-29 cells. The genes BCL2L1 (126.86-421.43%), BCL2L2 (240-286.02%), CASP3 (177.19-247.83%), and CASP9 (157.99-243.75%) had a significantly elevated expression, while BCL2 (25-52.03%) had a reduced expression compared to the untreated control. Furthermore, in a panel of antioxidant tests, BVR showed positive effects (63.93 ± 0.01, 122.92 ± 0.01, and 220.29 ± 0.02 mg Trolox equivalents (TE)/g in the DPPH•, ABTS•+, and ORAC assays, respectively). In the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition test, BVR revealed 62.60 ± 0.87% of enzyme inhibition. The chemical composition of BVR was determined using a UHPLC-UV-CAD-MS/MS analysis and confirmed the presence of several known alkaloids, including berberine, as well as other alkaloids and two derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acid (ferulic and sinapic acid hexosides). The results are very promising and encourage the use of BVR as a comprehensive chemopreventive agent (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-apoptotic) in colorectal cancer, and were widely discussed alongside data from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Och
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Marek Cieśla
- College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Jedrejek
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Rsearch Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (D.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Kozłowska
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 13 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Pawelec
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Rsearch Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (D.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Renata Nowak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Stabnikova O, Stabnikov V, Paredes-López O. Fruits of Wild-Grown Shrubs for Health Nutrition. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:20-37. [PMID: 38280176 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Cultivated fruits and berries, such as raspberries, strawberries, black currants, cherries, blueberries, are generally recognized sources of antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and other substances beneficial to human health and well-being. However, there are also wild berries and fruits that are of undoubted interest as food products having valuable medicinal properties due to the presence of phenolic compounds, antioxidants, and vitamins. These fruits have a great potential to be used in functional food making. The present review is dedicated to fruits of wild-grown shrubs Bird cherry (Prunus padus L.), Rowan berry (Sorbus aucuparia L.), Guelder rose (Viburnum opulus L.), Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.), and Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) The chemical compositions of these wild berries are described as well as their effects on the improvement of human health proved by clinical trials and epidemiological studies. The possibilities of using the fruits of wild-grown shrubs in the preparation of functional foods and examples of their implementation for the manufacturing of dairy, bakery and meat products are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Stabnikova
- Advanced Research Laboratory, National University of Food Technologies, 68 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Viktor Stabnikov
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National University of Food Technologies, 68 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Octavio Paredes-López
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, the National Polytechnic Institute, Guanajuato, 36824, Mexico
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Tuzimski T, Petruczynik A, Kaproń B, Plech T, Makuch-Kocka A, Janiszewska D, Sugajski M, Buszewski B, Szultka-Młyńska M. In Vitro and In Silico of Cholinesterases Inhibition and In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Melanoma Activity Investigations of Extracts Obtained from Selected Berberis Species. Molecules 2024; 29:1048. [PMID: 38474561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Berberis species have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, and Western herbal medicine. The aim of this study was the quantification of the main isoquinoline alkaloids in extracts obtained from various Berberis species by HPLC, in vitro and in silico determination of anti-cholinesterase activity, and in vitro and in vivo investigations of the cytotoxic activity of the investigated plant extracts and alkaloid standards. In particular, Berberis species whose activity had not been previously investigated were selected for the study. In the most investigated Berberis extracts, a high content of berberine and palmatine was determined. Alkaloid standards and most of the investigated plant extracts exhibit significant anti-cholinesterase activity. Molecular docking results confirmed that both alkaloids are more favourable for forming complexes with acetylcholinesterase compared to butyrylcholinesterase. The kinetic results obtained by HPLC-DAD indicated that berberine noncompetitively inhibited acetylcholinesterase, while butyrylcholinesterase was inhibited in a mixed mode. In turn, palmatine exhibited a mixed inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The cytotoxic activity of berberine and palmatine standards and plant extracts were investigated against the human melanoma cell line (A375). The highest cytotoxicity was determined for extract obtained from Berberis pruinosa cortex. The cytotoxic properties of the extract were also determined in the in vivo investigations using the Danio rerio larvae xenograft model. The obtained results confirmed a significant effect of the Berberis pruinosa cortex extract on the number of cancer cells in a living organism. Our results showed that extracts obtained from Berberis species, especially the Berberis pruinosa cortex extract, can be recommended for further in vivo experiments in order to confirm the possibility of their application in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Tuzimski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Petruczynik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Kaproń
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Makuch-Kocka
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Daria Janiszewska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Mateusz Sugajski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Zhang X, Chao P, Zhang L, Lu J, Yang A, Jiang H, Lu C. Integrating network pharmacology, molecular docking and simulation approaches with machine learning reveals the multi-target pharmacological mechanism of Berberis integerrima against diabetic nephropathy. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38379386 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2294165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most feared complications of diabetes and key cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Berberis integerrima has been widely used to treat diabetic complications, but exact molecular mechanism is yet to be discovered. Data on active ingredients of B. integerrima and target genes of both diabetic nephropathy and B.integerrima were obtained from public databases. Common results between B. integerrima and DN targets were used to create protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using STRING database and exported to Cytoscape software for the selection of hub genes based on degree of connectivity. Future, PPI network between constituents and overlapping targets was created using Cytoscape to investigate the network pharmacological effects of B. integerrima on DN. KEGG pathway analysis of core genes exposed their involvement in excess glucose-activated signaling pathway. Then, expression of core genes was validated through machine learning classifiers. Finally, PyRx and AMBER18 software was used for molecular docking and simulation. We found that Armepavine, Berberine, Glaucine, Magnoflorine, Reticuline, Quercetin inhibits the growth of diabetic nephropathy by affecting ICAM1, PRKCB, IKBKB, KDR, ALOX5, VCAM1, SYK, TBXA2R, LCK, and F3 genes. Machine learning revealed SYK and PRKCB as potential genes that could use as diagnostic biomarkers against DN. Furthermore, docking and simulation analysis showed the binding affinity and stability of the active compound with target genes. Our study revealed that B. integerrima has preventive effect on DN by acting on glucose-activated signaling pathways. However, experimental studies are needed to reveal biosafety profiles of B. integerrima in DN.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Peng Chao
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Endocrine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinyu Lu
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Aiping Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Abid F, Saleem M, Leghari T, Rafi I, Maqbool T, Fatima F, Arshad AM, Khurshid S, Naz S, Hadi F, Tahir M, Akhtar S, Yasir S, Mobashar A, Ashraf M. Evaluation of in vitro anticancer potential of pharmacological ethanolic plant extracts Acacia modesta and Opuntia monocantha against liver cancer cells. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e252526. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.252526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM) are distributed in Pakistan, Afghanistan and India. Both of these plants have different pharmacological properties. This study was designed to evaluate anticancer potential of Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM). Liver cancer cell line HepG2 was used for assessment of anticancer activity. For the evaluation of anti-proliferative effects, cell viability and cell death in all groups of cells were evaluated via MTT, crystal violet and trypan blue assays. For the evaluation of apoptosis ELISA of p53 performed. Furthermore, LDH assay to find out the ability of malignant cells to metabolize pyruvate to lactate and antioxidant enzymes activity (GSH, CAT and SOD) at the end HPLC was performed to find active compound of AM and OM. Cytotoxicity (MTT), Viability assays (trypan blue, crystal viability, MUSE analysis) showed more dead, less live cells in plant treated groups with increase of concentration. Scratch assay for the anti-migratory effect of these plants showed treated groups have not ability to heal scratch/wound. ELISA of p53 for cellular apoptosis showed more release of p53 in treated groups. Antioxidant assay via glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) showed less anti-oxidative potential in treated cancer groups. LDH assay showed more lactate dehydrogenase release in treated groups compared with untreated. HPLC analysis showed the presence of phytochemicals such as steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinone and amino acids in AM and OM plant extracts. Based on all these findings, it can be concluded that ethanolic extracts of Acacia modesta and Opuntia monocantha have promising anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Abid
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. Saleem
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - I. Rafi
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - S. Naz
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F. Hadi
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - S. Akhtar
- University of Lahore, Pakistan; University of Bradford, United Kingdom
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10
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Tang Z, Luo J, Faqir Y, Zhang Y, Xue W, Zhao H, Jakhar AM, Tan C, Ma J. Berberine hydrochloride-loaded dung beetle chitosan/sodium alginate microspheres ameliorate DSS-induced colitis and regulate gut microorganisms in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128219. [PMID: 37981270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Berberine hydrochloride (BH) has long been known for its therapeutic efficacy. In the present study, we aimed to treat mice with colitis using dung beetle chitosan (DCS) -transported BH. To achieve this, BH-loaded DCS/sodium alginate microspheres (SA-DCS-BH) were prepared. The SA-DCS-BH was characterized using SEM, DLS, FT-IR, and XRD, then was used for administration and anti-inflammatory examination in mice. SEM and DLS confirmed the surface morphology of the microspheres, and the particle size was relatively uniform. FT-IR and XRD results confirmed that BH was successfully loaded. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that SA-DCS-BH had slow-release ability. After treatment with SA-DCS-BH, DAI was significantly reduced, colon weight and length increased, spleen length and weight reduced, concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissues were reduced, and gut microbiota species abundance was modulated. In addition, this study found a correlation between specific microbes and colitis indicators, Muribaculaceae showed sequential growth after receiving BH, SA-CS-BH, and SA-DCS-BH treatments, respectively. It was concluded that SA-DCS-BH effectively delivered the BH to the intestine with slow-release ability and exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by immune response. Compared to commercial chitosan, DCS has potential for modulating intestinal microorganisms and more suitable carrier for intestinal drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Tang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiali Luo
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yahya Faqir
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wenqian Xue
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ali Murad Jakhar
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Chengjia Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Mianyang Teachers' College, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Jiahua Ma
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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11
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Senol Deniz FS, Ekhteiari Salmas R, Emerce E, Sener B, Orhan IE. Cholinesterase Inhibitory and In Silico Toxicity Assessment of Thirty-Four Isoquinoline Alkaloids - Berberine as the Lead Compound. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:773-783. [PMID: 37073143 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230417083053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors used currently in clinics for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the most prescribed drug class with nitrogen-containing chemical formula. Galanthamine, the latest generation anti-ChE drug, contains an isoquinoline structure. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to investigate the inhibitory potential of thirty-four isoquinoline alkaloids, e.g. (-)-adlumidine, β-allocryptopine, berberine, (+)-bicuculline, (-)-bicuculline, (+)-bulbocapnine, (-)-canadine, (±)-chelidimerine, corydaldine, (±)-corydalidzine, (-)-corydalmine, (+)-cularicine, dehydrocavidine, (+)-fumariline, (-)-fumarophycine, (+)-α-hydrastine, (+)-isoboldine, 13-methylcolumbamine, (-)-norjuziphine, norsanguinarine, (-)-ophiocarpine, (-)-ophiocarpine-Noxide, oxocularine, oxosarcocapnine, palmatine, (+)-parfumine, protopine, (+)-reticuline, sanguinarine, (+)-scoulerine, (±)-sibiricine, (±)-sibiricine acetate, (-)-sinactine, and (-)-stylopine isolated from several Fumaria (fumitory) and Corydalis species towards acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by microtiter plate assays. The alkaloids with strong ChE inhibition were proceeded to molecular docking simulations as well as in silico toxicity screening for their mutagenic capacity through VEGA QSAR (AMES test) consensus model and VEGA platform as statistical approaches. The inputs were evaluated in a simplified molecular input-line entry system (SMILES). METHODS ChE inhibition assays indicated that the highest AChE inhibition was caused by berberine (IC50: 0.72 ± 0.04 μg/mL), palmatine (IC50: 6.29 ± 0.61 μg/mL), β-allocryptopine (IC50: 10.62 ± 0.45 μg/mL), (-)-sinactine (IC50: 11.94 ± 0.44 μg/mL), and dehydrocavidine (IC50: 15.01 ± 1.87 μg/mL) as compared to that of galanthamine (IC50: 0.74 ± 0.01 μg/mL), the reference drug with isoquinoline skeleton. Less number of the tested alkaloids exhibited notable BChE inhibition. Among them, berberine (IC50: 7.67 ± 0.36 μg/mL) and (-)-corydalmine (IC50: 7.78 ± 0.38 μg/mL) displayed a stronger inhibition than that of galanthamine (IC50: 12.02 ± 0.25 μg/mL). The mutagenic activity was shown for β-allocryptopine, (+)- and (-)-bicuculline, (±)-corydalidzine, (-)-corydalmine, (+)-cularicine, (-)- fumarophycine, (-)-norjuziphine, (-)-ophiocarpine-N-oxide, (+)-scoulerine, (-)-sinactine, and (-)- stylopine by means of in silico experiments. RESULTS The results obtained by molecular docking simulations of berberine, palmatine, and (-)- corydalmine suggested that the estimated free ligand-binding energies of these compounds inside the binding domains of their targets are reasonable to make them capable of establishing strong polar and nonpolar bonds with the atoms of the active site amino acids. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that berberine, palmatin, and (-)-corydalmine stand out as the most promising isoquinoline alkaloids in terms of ChE inhibition. Among them, berberine has displayed a robust dual inhibition against both ChEs and could be evaluated further as a lead compound for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sezer Senol Deniz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Türkiye
| | | | - Esra Emerce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Türkiye
| | - Bilge Sener
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Türkiye
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Türkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No. 112, Ankara 06670, Türkiye
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12
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Alipour Noghabi S, Ghamari kargar P, Bagherzade G, Beyzaei H. Comparative study of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of berberine-derived Schiff bases, nitro-berberine and amino-berberine. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22783. [PMID: 38058428 PMCID: PMC10696212 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the scientific community has focused on traditional natural products and their potential therapeutic benefits. Berberine is a plant-derived isoquinoline alkaloid with a variety of biological properties and identified as a promising pharmacophore for discovering new therapeutic agents against various diseases. However, unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties of berberine have limited its clinical application so much that researchers pursue its structure modification to overcome this problem. This study focuses on the synthesis of new berberine derivatives to improve its antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials, which were characterized using CHNO and NMR instruments. Berberine extracted from barberry root was nitrated, reduced to amine and condensed with benzaldehyde derivatives to produce berberine-based Schiff bases. The H atom donating ability of all compounds was measured against DPPH free radicals, with IC50 values ranging from 18.28 to 108.20 μg ml-1. All berberine-based Schiff bases exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than nitro-berberine and amino-berberine. Only Schiff base derived from 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde showed slightly better antioxidant effects than original berberine. The inhibitory effects of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against important pathogenic fungal and bacterial strains using disk diffusion assays, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 8.36 to 25.48 μg ml-1. Berberine itself only affected Candida albicans fungus. Nitrated berberine was effective against all microorganisms except Gram-negative Acinetobacter baumannii. The results suggest that structural modifications and functionalization can enhance the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Alipour Noghabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Pouya Ghamari kargar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Ghodsieh Bagherzade
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Hamid Beyzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
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Rani DM, Wongso H, Purwoko RY, Winarto NB, Shalas AF, Triatmoko B, Pratama ANW, Keller PA, Nugraha AS. Anti-cancer bioprospecting on medicinal plants from Indonesia: A review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 216:113881. [PMID: 37827225 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The Indonesian archipelago is home to the second largest biodiversity in the world and is inhabited by more than 300 ethnic groups with a total population of more than 270 million. The indigenous population still rely on traditional medicine practices, especially the use of plant-based remedies. Although modern science-based exploration on Indonesian medicinal plants started with the European settlement in the archipelago in the 16th century, it was not until the 1970's that the phytochemistry of Indonesian medicinal plants was recognized for its potency. The need for new cancer cures to increase the quality of human life has led to the bioprospecting of medicinal plants including those of Indonesian origin. Despite published reports on the anticancer potency of Indonesian medicinal plants, to date there has been no comprehensive review on this topic. In this manuscript, we review the phytochemical and pharmacological studies on medicinal plants from Indonesia related to cancer therapy. Established databases (GARUDA, SciFinder, and PubMed) were used to collate data from 1990 to 2022, resulting in the description of 134 medicinal plants and their phytochemical and pharmacological properties including examples containing potent agents against breast, leukaemia, cervix, lung, and colon cancer cell lines based on in vitro bioassays and in vivo evaluation. These findings provide valuable insights into the bioprospecting of Indonesian medicinal plant providing directions for future studies, including the development of new therapeutics, both as botanicals or by using conventional dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinar Mutia Rani
- Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
| | - Hendris Wongso
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceutical, and Biodosimetry Technology, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Puspiptek, Banten, 15314, Indonesia; Research Collaboration Center for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia.
| | - Reza Yuridian Purwoko
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia.
| | - Naura Bathari Winarto
- Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
| | - Alvan Febrian Shalas
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.
| | - Bawon Triatmoko
- Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
| | | | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.
| | - Ari Satia Nugraha
- Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, 68121, Indonesia; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.
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14
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Do KM, Nakashima Y, Kodama T, Lee YE, Nguyen HM, Ikumi N, Morita H. Phenolic Derivatives with Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities from Galeola nudifolia in Vietnam. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301482. [PMID: 37899310 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
A new phenolic derivative, galeomalate A (1), together with five known structurally related compounds (2-6), was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Galeola nudifolia collected in Vietnam. The structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-TOF-MS, and CD data, and chemical conversion of the sugar moiety. All isolated compounds possessed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities in a dose-dependent manner. Among them, compounds 2 and 3 exhibited the first and second highest inhibitory activity on AChE with IC50 values of 122.13 and 125.49 μM, respectively. Compounds 1 and 4-6 inhibited the AChE activity by mixed modes of action comprising competitive and non-competitive modes, whereas 2 and 3 exerted their inhibitory activities in a competitive manner. Molecular docking analyses suggested that the phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside unit of 2 and 3 bound to the active site of AChE for the competitive inhibitory activities, while the mixed inhibitory activity of 4 was due to the two binding patterns in the active-site and the active-site entrance of AChE. Furthermore, the docking studies indicated that 1, 5, and 6 would inhibit AChE in a mixed inhibitory manner by adopting three distinct binding patterns of the additional phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside unit at the active-site entrance.
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Grants
- 22H02777 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- 23K06179 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JP22K15303 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- Japan Preventive Medical Laboratory Company, Ltd.
- 2023 Director Leadership Expenses, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiep Minh Do
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yu Nakashima
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kodama
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuan-E Lee
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hien Minh Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Naotaka Ikumi
- Japan Preventive Medical Laboratory Company, Ltd., 3-6-36, Toyoda, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8027, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
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15
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Rahemi M, Mohtadi S, Rajabi Vardanjani H, Khodayar MJ. The role of l -arginine/NO/cGMP/K ATP channel pathway in the local antinociceptive effect of berberine in the rat formalin test. Behav Pharmacol 2023; 34:449-456. [PMID: 36939560 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid naturally produced by several types of plants. Berberine has extensive pharmacological effects, such as anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. In the current study, we assess the antinociceptive effects of berberine and its association with the l -arginine ( l -Arg)/NO/cGMP/K ATP channel pathway via intraplantar administration in rats. To examine the antinociceptive properties of berberine, the formalin test was conducted. The number of rat paw flinches was counted for an h. l -Arg (precursor of nitric oxide, 3-30 μ g/paw), l -NAME (NO synthase inhibitor, 10 and 100 μ g/paw), methylene blue (guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, 100 and 200 μ g/paw), and glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker, 10 and 30 μ g/paw) were locally injected, respectively, into the right hind paws of rats as a pre-treatment before berberine injection to understand how the l -Arg/NO/cGMP/K ATP pathway plays a role in the antinociceptive effect of berberine. The ipsilateral injection of berberine into the right paw (0.1-10 0 μ g/paw) showed a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in both the first and second phases of the formalin test, almost similar to morphine (25 μ g/paw). Intraplantar injection of l -Arg (30 µg/paw) increased the antinociceptive effect of berberine in the second phase. In addition, injection of l -NAME, methylene blue, and glibenclamide caused a reduction in the antinociceptive effect of berberine throughout the second phase in a dose-dependent manner. However, the antinociceptive effects of berberine in the first phase of the rat formalin test were not affected by this pathway. As a novel local antinociceptive agent, berberine can exert a peripheral antinociceptive effect via the l -Arg/NO/cGMP/K ATP channel pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Singh T, Aggarwal N, Thakur K, Chhokar A, Yadav J, Tripathi T, Jadli M, Bhat A, Kumar A, Narula RH, Gupta P, Khurana A, Bharti AC. Evaluation of Therapeutic Potential of Selected Plant-Derived Homeopathic Medicines for their Action against Cervical Cancer. HOMEOPATHY 2023; 112:262-274. [PMID: 36858077 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-derived homeopathic medicines (HMs) are cheap and commercially available but are mechanistically less explored entities than conventional medicines. PURPOSE The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of selected plant-derived HMs derived from Berberis aquifolium (BA), Berberis vulgaris (BV), Mentha piperita (MP), Curcuma longa (CL), Cinchona officinalis (CO), Thuja occidentalis (TO) and Hydrastis canadensis (HC) on cervical cancer (CaCx) cells in vitro. METHODS We screened the mother tincture (MT) and 30C potencies of the above-mentioned HMs for anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity on human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative (C33a) and HPV-positive CaCx cells (SiHa and HeLa) by MTT assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) and the free-radical scavenging activity of each HM was also determined using standard assays. Phytochemicals reportedly available in these HMs were examined for their potential inhibitory action on HPV16 E6 by in silico molecular docking. RESULTS All tested MTs induced a differential dose-dependent cytotoxic response that varied with cell line. For C33a cells, the order of response was TO > CL > BA > BV > HC > MP > CO, whereas for SiHa and HeLa cells the order was HC > MP > TO > CO > BA > BV > CL and CL > BA > CO, respectively. 30C potencies of all HMs showed an inconsistent response. Further, anti-CaCx responses displayed by MTs did not follow the order of an HM's phenolic content or free radical scavenging activity. Analysis revealed anti-oxidant content of BA, BV and HC had the lowest contribution to their anti-CaCx activity. Using in silico modeling of molecular docking between the HPV16 E6 protein crystallographic structures (6SJA and 4XR8) and main phytochemical components of BV, BA, HC, CL and TO, their potential to inhibit the HPV16 E6 protein carcinogenic interactions was identified. CONCLUSION The study has shown a comparative evaluation of the potential of several plant-derived MTs and HMs to affect CaCx cell line survival in vitro (through cytotoxicity and free radical scavenging) and their theoretical molecular targets in silico for the first time. Data demonstrated that MTs of BA and BV are likely to be the most potent HMs that strongly inhibited CaCx growth and have a strong anti-HPV phytochemical constitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D.P. Rastogi Central Research Institute of Homeopathy, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D.P. Rastogi Central Research Institute of Homeopathy, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Khurana
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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17
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Leimann FV, de Souza LB, de Oliveira BPM, Rossi BF, da Silva PS, Shiraishi CSH, Kaplum V, Abreu RM, Pereira C, Barros L, Peron AP, Ineu RP, Oechsler BF, Sayer C, de Araújo PHH, Gonçalves OH. Evaluation of berberine nanoparticles as a strategy to modulate acetylcholinesterase activity. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113295. [PMID: 37803607 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have concentrated efforts in the search for natural-based reversible inhibitors for cholinesterase enzymes as they may play a key role in the treatment of degenerative diseases. Diverse plant alkaloids can inhibit the action of acetylcholinesterase and, among them, berberine is a promising bioactive. However, berberine has poor water solubility and low bioavailability, which makes it difficult to use in treatment. The solid dispersion technique can improve the water affinity of hydrophobic substances, but berberine solid dispersions have not been extensively studied. Safety testing is also essential to ensure that the berberine-loaded solid dispersions are safe for use. This study investigated the effectiveness of berberine-loaded solid dispersions (SD) as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE). Docking simulation was used to investigate the influence of berberine on AChE, and in vitro assays were conducted to confirm the enzymatic kinetics of AChE in the presence of berberine. Berberine SD also showed improved cytotoxic effects on tumoral cells when dispersed in aqueous media. In vivo assays using Allium cepa were implemented, and no cytotoxicity/genotoxicity was found for the berberine solid dispersion. These results suggest that berberine SD could be a significant step towards safe nanostructures for use in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Vitória Leimann
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Brazil; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Luma Borges de Souza
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Franzon Rossi
- Food and Chemical Engineering Academic Department (DAAEQ), Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Seiti Hurtado Shiraishi
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Kaplum
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Brazil
| | - Rui Miguel Abreu
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Department, Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Porto Ineu
- Department of Technology and Food Science, Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Brazil
| | - Bruno Francisco Oechsler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Claudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Odinei Hess Gonçalves
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Brazil; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal.
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Turnaturi R, Piana S, Spoto S, Costanzo G, Reina L, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C. From Plant to Chemistry: Sources of Active Opioid Antinociceptive Principles for Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design. Molecules 2023; 28:7089. [PMID: 37894567 PMCID: PMC10609244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain continues to be an enormous global health challenge, with millions of new untreated or inadequately treated patients reported annually. With respect to current clinical applications, opioids remain the mainstay for the treatment of pain, although they are often associated with serious side effects. To optimize their tolerability profiles, medicinal chemistry continues to study novel ligands and innovative approaches. Among them, natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery, and they hold potential for pain management. Traditional medicine has had a long history in clinical practice due to the fact that nature provides a rich source of active principles. For instance, opium had been used for pain management until the 19th century when its individual components, such as morphine, were purified and identified. In this review article, we conducted a literature survey aimed at identifying natural products interacting either directly with opioid receptors or indirectly through other mechanisms controlling opioid receptor signaling, whose structures could be interesting from a drug design perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Silvia Piana
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Spoto
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Giuliana Costanzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorena Reina
- Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia n. 97, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
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19
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Phogat A, Singh J, Malik V, Kumar V. Neuroprotective potential of berberine against acetamiprid induced toxicity in rats: Implication of oxidative stress, mitochondrial alterations, and structural changes in brain regions. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23434. [PMID: 37350525 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Acetamiprid (ACMP) is an extensively used neonicotinoid pesticide to control sucking and chewing insects and is known to cause nontarget toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative potential of berberine (BBR)-a polyphenolic alkaloid- on ACMP-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctioning, and structural changes in different rat brain regions. The male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, that is, control, BBR-treated (150 mg/kg b.wt), ACMP-exposed (21.7 mg/kg b.wt) and BBR + ACMP co-treated; and were dosed intragastrically for 21 consecutive days. Results of the biochemical analysis showed that BBR significantly ameliorated ACMP-induced oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation along with a marked increase in endogenous antioxidants and lowered AChE activity in rat brain regions. Inside mitochondria, BBR significantly attenuated the toxic effects of ACMP by increasing the activity of mitochondrial complexes. Findings of polymerase chain reaction also demonstrated the modulatory effects of BBR against ACMP-mediated downregulation of ND1, ND2, COX1, and COX4 subunits of mitochondrial complexes. The histopathological and ultrastructural examination also validated the biochemical and transcriptional alterations following toxicity of ACMP exposure and the protective potential of BBR against ACMP-induced neurotoxicity. Thus, the present study indicates the promising ameliorative potential of BBR against ACMP-induced neurotoxicity via its antioxidative and modulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu Phogat
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Jagjeet Singh
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Vinay Malik
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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20
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Li X, Chen J, Feng W, Wang C, Chen M, Li Y, Chen J, Liu X, Liu Q, Tian J. Berberine ameliorates iron levels and ferroptosis in the brain of 3 × Tg-AD mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154962. [PMID: 37506403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine (BBR) is a natural alkaloid extracted from the herb Coptis chinensis. This compound has the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and exhibit neuroprotective value in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, hyperphosphorylated tau and other characters. Iron accumulation and ferroptosis were also detected in AD brain, which can result in neuronal damage. However, it is still unclear whether BBR can suppress ferroptosis in AD and alleviate its underlying pathology. PURPOSE This study investigated whether BBR may affect ferroptosis and related signaling pathways in triple transgenic AD (3 × Tg-AD) mice. METHODS Four-month-old 3 × Tg-AD mice received oral administration of BBR at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 7.5 months. Cognitive function and anxiety levels in mice were assessed using the morris water maze test, open field test, and novel object recognition test. Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ICP-MS were employed to assess the pathology of AD, brain iron metabolism, and ferroptosis signaling pathways. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect mitochondrial changes. The synergistic effects of BBR combined with Nrf2 were investigated using molecular docking programs and surface plasmon resonance technology. Co-inmunoprecipitation assay was used to examine the effect of BBR on the binding ability of Nrf2 and Keap1. RESULTS The results indicated that chronic treatment of BBR mitigated cognitive disorders in 3 × Tg-AD model mice. Reductions in Aβ plaque, hyperphosphorylated tau protein, neuronal loss, and ferroptosis in the brains of 3 × Tg-AD mice suggested that BBR could alleviate brain injury. In addition, BBR treatment attenuated ferroptosis, as evidenced by decreased levels of iron, MDA, and ROS, while enhancing SOD, GSH, GPX4, and SLC7A11. Consistent with the in vivo assay, BBR inhibited RSL3-induced ferroptosis in N2a-sw cells. BBR increased the expression levels of GPX4, FPN1 and SLC7A11 by regulating Nrf2 transcription levels, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis. Molecular docking programs and surface plasmon resonance technology demonstrated the direct combination of BBR with Nrf2. Co-inmunoprecipitation analysis showed that BBR inhibited the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2. CONCLUSION For the first time, these results showed that BBR could inhibit iron levels and ferroptosis in the brains of 3 × Tg-AD model mice and partially protect against RSL3-induced ferroptosis via the activation of Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Wennuo Feng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Chemical Analysis & Physical Testing Institute, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Minyu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xinwei Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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Hassan HHAM, Hussein HM, Elhusseiny AF. Green synthesis of nanosized N,N'-bis(1-naphthylidene)-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and its metal (II) complexes and evaluation of their biological activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21142. [PMID: 36476678 PMCID: PMC9729294 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Condensation of ecofriendly synthesized 4,4'-methanedianiline with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde produced a (1:1) octopus-like Schiff base mixed ligand. Reaction with Co(OAc)2⋅H2O, NiCl2⋅6H2O, Cu(OAc)2⋅H2O and Zn(OAc)2⋅2H2O metals furnished their complexes in high yield and purity. All new structures were fully characterized by various spectroscopic and spectrometric measurements. The complexes exhibited high thermal stability up to 700 °C, leaving nearly 40% of their mass as residues. Antimicrobial screening results exhibited moderate activities towards all studied microbes. Antioxidant screening was concentration dependent, and their activities were in the order Ni(II) > Zn(II) > Cu(II) > Co(II) complexes. The NO inhibitory effect revealed that the nickel complex exhibited the highest activity, whereas the cobalt complex showed the lowest inhibition. All compounds showed a significant lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect against oxidative stress. The complexes significantly diminished the TBARS level, and the nickel complex exhibited the highest inhibition at p < 0.01. Antioxidants stress the oxidative damage induced by iron, indicating that the nickel complex has the highest reducing activity. The inhibitory effect against acetylcholine esterase showed that the copper complex has the highest activity. Membrane stabilization activities clearly indicated that most compounds can improve the integrity of the cells and stability of their membrane, and this result may be related to their antioxidant capacity to protect against cytotoxicity. The nickel complex exhibited a stronger total antioxidant capacity than the other complexes. The biological and antioxidant capacities of these complexes may make them promising candidates in pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammed H. A. M. Hassan
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharram Beck, P.O. Box 2, Alexandria, 21568 Egypt
| | - Hend M. Hussein
- grid.442603.70000 0004 0377 4159Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University, Canal El Mahmoudia Street, Alexandria, 21311 Egypt
| | - Amel F. Elhusseiny
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharram Beck, P.O. Box 2, Alexandria, 21568 Egypt
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22
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Alnuqaydan AM, Almutary AG, Azam M, Manandhar B, De Rubis G, Madheswaran T, Paudel KR, Hansbro PM, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Phytantriol-Based Berberine-Loaded Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles Attenuate Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4312. [PMID: 36500935 PMCID: PMC9737637 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are interrelated processes that represent the underlying causes of several chronic inflammatory diseases that include asthma, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), allergies, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Macrophages are key initiators of inflammatory processes in the body. When triggered by a stimulus such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), these cells secrete inflammatory cytokines namely TNF-α that orchestrate the cellular inflammatory process. Simultaneously, pro-inflammatory stimuli induce the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) which catalyzes the generation of high levels of nitric oxide (NO). This, together with high concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by macrophages, mediate oxidative stress which, in turn, exacerbates inflammation in a feedback loop, resulting in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases. Berberine is a phytochemical embedded with potent in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, whose therapeutic application is hindered by poor solubility and bioavailability. For this reason, large doses of berberine need to be administered to achieve the desired pharmacological effect, which may result in toxicity. Encapsulation of such a drug in liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs) represents a viable strategy to overcome these limitations. We encapsulated berberine in phytantriol-based LCNs (BP-LCNs) and tested the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BP-LCNs in vitro on LPS-induced mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. BP-LCNs showed potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, with significant reduction in the gene expressions of TNF-α and iNOS, followed by concomitant reduction of ROS and NO production at a concentration of 2.5 µM, which is lower than the concentration of free berberine concentration required to achieve similar effects as reported elsewhere. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the suitability for BP-LCNs both as an antioxidant and as an anti-inflammatory agent with potential application in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G. Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Azam
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bikash Manandhar
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary & Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Gabriele De Rubis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary & Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary & Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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El-Zahar KM, Al-Jamaan ME, Al-Mutairi FR, Al-Hudiab AM, Al-Einzi MS, Mohamed AAZ. Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of the Ethanolic Extract Obtained from Berberis vulgaris Roots and Leaves. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186114. [PMID: 36144846 PMCID: PMC9503718 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work assessed the phenolic and flavonoid components and their antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial effects in the ethanolic extract of barberry leaf and roots. The antibactericidal activity of root and leaf extracts against pathogenic bacteria was tested using agar diffusion and microdilution broth production for the lowest inhibitory concentration (MIC). Berberis vulgaris root and leaf extracts inhibited Staphylococcus aureus ATCC9973, Escherichia coli HB101, Staphylococcus enteritis, and Escherichia coli Cip812. The disc assay technique was used to assess the bactericidal activity of the extracts versus both pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Hydro alcoholic extract was more effective against bacterial than fungal strains. The results showed that Berberis vulgaris leaf and roots extract had similar antifungal activities. Berberis vulgaris root extract inhibited the mycelial growth of Penicillium verrucosum, Fusarium proliferatum, Aspergillus ochraceous, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus. Berberis vulgaris root extract has excellent antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal effects. Berberis vulgaris exhibited antimicrobial activity in vitro, and MIC showed that Berberis vulgaris parts efficiently affected pathogens in vitro. In conclusion, both Berberis vulgaris roots and leaves have considerable antibacterial activity and can be used as a source of antibacterial, antioxidant, and bioactive compounds to benefit human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Meghawry El-Zahar
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 00966-16380-16228; Fax: 00966-16380-1360
| | - Mubarak Eid Al-Jamaan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Rasmi Al-Mutairi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Mohamed Al-Hudiab
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Saleh Al-Einzi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Yang Z, Lin S, Feng W, Liu Y, Song Z, Pan G, Zhang Y, Dai X, Ding X, Chen L, Wang Y. A potential therapeutic target in traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis: Macrophage polarization. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999179. [PMID: 36147340 PMCID: PMC9486102 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal macrophages are the main participants of intestinal immune homeostasis and intestinal inflammation. Under different environmental stimuli, intestinal macrophages can be polarized into classical activated pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1) and alternative activated anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2). Its different polarization state is the “guide” to promoting the development and regression of inflammation. Under normal circumstances, intestinal macrophages can protect the intestine from inflammatory damage. However, under the influence of some genetic and environmental factors, the polarization imbalance of intestinal M1/M2 macrophages will lead to the imbalance in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and transform the physiological inflammatory response into pathological intestinal injury. In UC patients, the disorder of intestinal inflammation is closely related to the imbalance of intestinal M1/M2 macrophage polarization. Therefore, restoring the balance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization may be a potentially valuable therapeutic strategy for UC. Evidence has shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has positive therapeutic effects on UC by restoring the balance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization. This review summarizes the clinical evidence of TCM for UC, the vital role of macrophage polarization in the pathophysiology of UC, and the potential mechanism of TCM regulating macrophage polarization in the treatment of UC. We hope this review may provide some new enlightenment for the clinical treatment, fundamental research, and research and development of new Chinese medicine of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanying Feng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangxi Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guiyun Pan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangdong Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinya Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Lu Chen, ; Yi Wang,
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Lu Chen, ; Yi Wang,
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25
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Noonong K, Pranweerapaiboon K, Chaithirayanon K, Surayarn K, Ditracha P, Changklungmoa N, Kueakhai P, Hiransai P, Bunluepuech K. Antidiabetic potential of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz compounds in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells and molecular docking-based approaches. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:235. [PMID: 36064352 PMCID: PMC9442914 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz, a traditional Thai medicinal plant, is mainly composed of polyphenols and flavonoids and exhibits several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic activities. However, the mechanism by which pure compounds from L. strychnifolium inhibit glucose catalysis in the small intestine and their effect on the glucose transporter remain unknown.
Methods
The objectives of this research were to examine the effect of 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone-3-O-𝛼-L-rhamnopyranoside (compound 1) and 3,5,7,3’,5’-pentahydroxy-flavanonol-3-O-𝛼-L-rhamnopyranoside (compound 2) on the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as well as glucose transporters, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5), using Caco-2 cells as a model of human intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, the binding affinity and interaction patterns of compounds against two receptor proteins (SGLT1 and GLUT2) were determined for the first time utilizing a molecular docking approach.
Results
In the α-amylase inhibition assay, a concentration-dependent inhibitory response was observed against the enzyme. The results indicated that compound 1 inhibited α-amylase activity in a manner similar to that of acarbose (which exhibit IC50 values of 3.32 ± 0.30 µg/mL and 2.86 ± 0.10 µg/mL, respectively) in addition to a moderate inhibitory effect for compound 2 (IC50 = 10.15 ± 0.53 µg/mL). Interestingly, compounds 1 and 2 significantly inhibited α-glucosidase and exhibited better inhibition than that of acarbose, with IC50 values of 5.35 ± 1.66 µg/mL, 510.15 ± 1.46 µg/mL, and 736.93 ± 7.02 µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, α-glucosidase activity in the supernatant of the Caco-2 cell monolayer was observed. In comparison to acarbose, compounds 1 and 2 inhibited α-glucosidase activity more effectively in Caco-2 cells without cytotoxicity at a concentration of 62.5 µg/mL. Furthermore, the glucose uptake pathways mediated by SGLT1, GLUT2, and GLUT5- were downregulated in Caco-2 cells treated with compounds 1 and 2. Additionally, molecular modeling studies revealed that compounds 1 and 2 presented high binding activity with SGLT1 and GLUT2.
Conclusion
In summary, our present study was the first to perform molecular docking with compounds present in L. strychnifolium extracts. Our findings indicated that compounds 1 and 2 reduced glucose uptake in Caco-2 cells by decreasing the expression of glucose transporter genes and inhibiting the binding sites of SGLT1 and GLUT2. Therefore, compounds 1 and 2 may be used as functional foods in dietary therapy for postprandial hyperglycemia modulation of type 2 diabetes.
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Cao X, La X, Zhang B, Wang Z, Li Y, Bo Y, Chang H, Gao X, Tian C, Wu C, Li JA. Sanghuang Tongxie Formula Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Drosophila Through Regulating PI3K/Akt Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:874180. [PMID: 35734406 PMCID: PMC9207506 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.874180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a pivotal pathological characteristic that affects the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, the effective control of IR is of great significance for diabetes prevention and treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) represents a valuable tool handed down to the world by the Chinese nation and has a long history of use for diabetes clinical therapy. In this study, we focused on a self-drafted TCM-patented formula, Sanghuang Tongxie Formula (SHTXF), which exhibits clinical efficacy in the treatment of diabetes. To explore the effect and molecular mechanism of SHTXF on IR in vivo, Drosophila melanogaster was used and a (Collagen) Cg > InRK1409A diabetic IR fly model was established. SHTXF water extract was found to contribute toward carbohydrate clearance from the circulating system by converting it into triglycerides (TAG), not glycogen, for nutrient storage. In addition, SHTXF activated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) activity and improved protein kinase B (PKB, also termed Akt) phosphorylation. Finally, SHTXF promoted Drosophila Forkhead Box O (dFoxO) cytoplasmic localization and inhibited its transcriptional activity. Taken together, these findings not only highlight the positive role of SHTXF in ameliorating IR via the PI3K/Akt pathway but also provide potential drug targets and key insights for use in T2DM clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chenxi Wu
- *Correspondence: Chenxi Wu, ; Ji-an Li,
| | - Ji-an Li
- *Correspondence: Chenxi Wu, ; Ji-an Li,
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Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity and Anti-Migratory Effect of Berberine–Phytantriol Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticle Formulation on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer In Vitro. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061119. [PMID: 35745691 PMCID: PMC9228615 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common form of lung cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid that is commercially available for use as a supplement for the treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, the therapeutic benefits of berberine are limited by its extremely low bioavailability and toxicity at higher doses. Increasing evidence suggests that the incorporation of drug compounds in liquid crystal nanoparticles provides a new platform for the safe, effective, stable, and controlled delivery of the drug molecules. This study aimed to formulate an optimized formulation of berberine–phytantriol-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (BP-LCNs) and to investigate the in vitro anti-cancer activity in a human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line. The BP-LCN formulation possessing optimal characteristics that was used in this study had a favorable particle size and entrapment efficiency rate (75.31%) and a superior drug release profile. The potential mechanism of action of the formulation was determined by measuring the mRNA levels of the tumor-associated genes PTEN, P53, and KRT18 and the protein expression levels with a human oncology protein array. BP-LCNs decreased the proliferation, migration, and colony-forming activity of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner by upregulating the mRNA expression of PTEN and P53 and downregulating the mRNA expression of KRT18. Similarly, BP-LCNs also decreased the expression of proteins related to cancer cell proliferation and migration. This study highlights the utility of phytantriol-based LCNs in incorporating drug molecules with low GI absorption and bioavailability to increase their pharmacological effectiveness and potency in NSCLC.
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The effect of barberry (Berberis integerrima) on lipid profile and systemic inflammation in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:59. [PMID: 35255880 PMCID: PMC8902769 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite significant advances in the management of cardiovascular disease (CVDs), there is still a large burden of CVD in the world. The inclusion of functional foods in the diet may provide beneficial effects on CVD. Purple-black barberry due to its richness in anthocyanins and berberine has shown beneficial effects on cardiometabolic factors. We investigated the effects of barberry on plasma lipids as well as inflammatory biomarkers in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods This was an 8-weeks, single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial that the participants were randomly assigned to a barberry (10 g/day dried barberry) or placebo group. At baseline and end of the study, plasma lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), small-dense LDL-C (sd-LDL-C), non-HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C, as well as inflammatory biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), were determined. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results Eighty-four participants were randomly assigned to study groups. The mean (± SD) participants' age was 54.06 ± 10.19 years. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and dietary intake were not different between the two groups at baseline and the end of the study. After adjusting for baseline values, we observed a significant decrease in plasma levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, sd-LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, p = 0.015, p = 0.019, p = 0.004, and p = 0.039 respectively) as well as CRP (p = 0.020) in the barberry group compared to the placebo group. Conclusions Our results indicate that purple-black barberry consumption decreases plasma levels of CRP and improves lipid profile in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. Trial registration This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT number: NCT04084847).
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Pre-Administration of Berberine Exerts Chemopreventive Effects in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis Mice via Modulating Inflammation and Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040726. [PMID: 35215376 PMCID: PMC8879943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory activation and intestinal flora imbalance play an essential role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Berberine (BBR) has attracted great attention in recent years due to its heath-related benefits in inflammatory disorders and tumors, but the intricate mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects and the mechanism of BBR on colon cancer were investigated in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis mice model. Our results showed that pre-administration of BBR showed a decrease in weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) score, and the number of colon tumors in mice, compared with the model group. The evidence from pathological examination indicated that the malignancy of intestinal tumors was ameliorated after pre-administration of BBR. Additionally, pre-administration with BBR suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and the cell-proliferation marker Ki67, while expression of the tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) were increased in colon tissue. Moreover, the levels of critical pathway proteins involved in the inflammatory process (p-STAT3 and p-JNK) and cell cycle regulation molecules (β-catenin, c-Myc and CylinD1) exhibited lower expression levels. Besides, 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that pre-administration of BBR increased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F:M) and the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, while the abundance of cancer-related bacteria was decreased. Gavage with Lactobacillus rhamnosus can improve the anti-tumor effect of BBR. Overall, pre-administration of BBR exerts preventive effects in colon carcinogenesis, and the mechanisms underlying these effects are correlated with the inhibition of inflammation and tumor proliferation and the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
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Gharanjig H, Iri M, Hosseinnezhad M, Gharanjig K, Jafari SM. Enhanced thermal stability of anthocyanins through natural polysaccharides from Angum gum and cress seed gum. J Food Sci 2022; 87:585-598. [PMID: 34997936 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced thermal stability of anthocyanins from black barberry was obtained using an optimum concentration of Angum gum (AG) and cress seed gum (CSG). To this goal initially, the phytochemical characteristics, and the thermal stability of purified and non-purified anthocyanins were investigated to perceive the effect of the purification process. Then the effect of each gum and its concentration was evaluated on the thermal degradation kinetics of anthocyanins. Results demonstrated that both gums enhanced the thermal stability of anthocyanins, while CSG had a superior effect. Findings also revealed that the half-life of anthocyanin was increased at 60°C from 366 ± 22.8 to 432 ± 4.2 and 636 ± 52.8 min in presence of AG and CSG, respectively. TGA results confirmed that the presence of SF-AG and CSG in their optimum concentration enhanced the heat stability of anthocyanin extract. Also, physical molecular bondings were confirmed by the FTIR spectrums where some peaks attributed to both of the extract and the gums were shifted. Plateau or flake-like micro-particles were detected by SEM which correspond with the most freeze-dried microcapsules. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The results of this study may contribute to the enhanced thermal stability of anthocyanins from barberry that can be used as a coloring agent in beverage and food systems. Moreover, it can be used in preparation of natural nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Gharanjig
- Department of Organic Colorants, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Iri
- Department of Organic Colorants, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad
- Department of Organic Colorants, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Center of Excellence for Color Science and Technology, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamaladin Gharanjig
- Department of Organic Colorants, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Center of Excellence for Color Science and Technology, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Kapitonova M, Gupalo S, Alyautdin R, Ibrahim IAA, Salim N, Ahmad A, Talip SB, Nwe TM, Morokhina S. Gastroprotective effect of Berberis vulgaris on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury: Histopathological evaluations. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2022; 12:30-41. [PMID: 35145893 PMCID: PMC8801213 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2021.18113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Modern treatment of peptic ulcers includes antibacterial and gastroprotective medications. However, current anti-ulcer drugs possess severe side effects. Therefore, all attempts to find new effective medications free from side effects are justified. Though Berberis vulgaris is a medicinal plant commonly used for the treatment of numerous disorders, gastroprotective effect of its leaf extract was not investigated before. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gastric ulcer was modelled in Sprague-Dawley rats after treatment with B. vulgaris leaf extract containing 0.07% of alkaloids, 0.48% of flavonoids and 8.05% of tanning substances, 10 or 50 mg of dry extract/kg, changes in the stomach mucosa were assessed semi-quantitatively, and the gastric wall was evaluated for prostaglandin E2 level using ELISA and assessed histologically by calculation of the lesion index. RESULTS B. vulgaris leaf extract at the dose of 50 mg/kg reduced the macroscopic ulcer score and the microscopic lesion index, increased prostaglandin E2 concentration in the gastric wall significantly higher than atropine and B. vulgaris leaf extract 10 mg/kg. CONCLUSION The gastroprotective effect of the high dose of B. vulgaris leaf extract may be due to stimulation of prostaglandin E2 secretion in the stomach, and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenolic complex of flavonoids and tannins present in the leaves of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kapitonova
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UNIMAS, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Sergey Gupalo
- Faculty of Medicine MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Renad Alyautdin
- Medicinal Products Safety, Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Pharmacology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norita Salim
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, and Faculty of Medicine, UiTM, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ahmad
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, and Faculty of Medicine, UiTM, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Bahri Talip
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UNIMAS, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Tin Moe Nwe
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UNIMAS, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Palma TV, Bianchin NB, de Oliveira JS, Assmann CE, das Neves Oliveira M, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM, Ulrich H, Pillat MM, de Andrade CM. Berberine increases the expression of cytokines and proteins linked to apoptosis in human melanoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:2037-2046. [PMID: 34860319 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, and its incidence has increased considerably in the last decades. Melanoma presents difficult treatment with strong resistance of tumor cells, due to its extremely invasive nature with high capacity to metastases. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a molecule found in several medicinal plants, and has been studied in several diseases, demonstrating antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties and anti-tumorigenic effects. METHODS AND RESULTS In SK-MEL-28 cells, 50 μM BBR treatment for 24 h decreased cell viability by 50 percent. This concentration generated cell death both by early apoptosis and necrosis, with an increase in the DNA damage index. BBR increased (*p < 0.05) the proportion of cells in G1/G0 phase and decreased (###p < 0.005) the percentage of cells in S phase. The alcaloid increased (****p < 0.001) ROS production compared to untreated controls with an increase in activated caspase 3 and phosphorylated p53 protein levels. In addition, BBR significantly enhanced ERK as well as both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression compared to untreated controls. CONCLUSIONS BBR has important antiproliferative effects and may be alone or in adjunct therapy a promising candidate for melanoma treatment, a cancer with great incidence and high lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taís Vidal Palma
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicological, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nathiele Botari Bianchin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicological, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicological, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicological, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicological, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Morsch
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicological, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Micheli Mainardi Pillat
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology and Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicological, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Small Animal Clinic, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria-RS, Room 121, Veterinary Hospital Building, Avenue Roraima n° 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil.
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Potencjalne możliwości wykorzystania berberyny w przeciwdziałaniu insulinooporności i w cukrzycy typu 2. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstrakt
Insulinooporność to stan zmniejszonej wrażliwości tkanek docelowych na działanie insuliny, mimo jej prawidłowego lub podwyższonego stężenia w surowicy krwi. Jest ważnym czynnikiem w patogenezie zespołu metabolicznego, w tym stanu przedcukrzycowego i cukrzycy typu 2, a także chorób sercowo-naczyniowych oraz zespołu policystycznych jajników. Wzrasta zainteresowanie wykorzystaniem środków pochodzenia roślinnego w leczeniu pacjentów z chorobami metabolicznymi. Jednymi z nich są rośliny z rodziny berberysowatych zawierające alkaloidy izochinolinowe, takie jak berberyna. Sugeruje się, iż berberyna może wpływać na zmniejszenie insulinooporności, gospodarkę węglowodanową oraz metabolizm lipidów. Naukowcy wykazali, że ten roślinny alkaloid może tłumić różnicowanie adipocytów i wspomagać redukcję masy ciała. Inne właściwości berberyny obejmują działanie hipotensyjne oraz ochronne wobec śródbłonka naczyniowego. W artykule skoncentrowano się przede wszystkim na przedstawieniu potencjalnych możliwości wykorzystania berberyny w przeciwdziałaniu insulinooporności w cukrzycy typu 2.
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Abdul Aziz M, Ullah Z, Adnan M, Sõukand R, Pieroni A. The Fading Wild Plant Food-Medicines in Upper Chitral, NW Pakistan. Foods 2021; 10:2494. [PMID: 34681546 PMCID: PMC8536072 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The subject of food-medicines (foods ingested in order to obtain a therapeutic activity or to prevent diseases) is garnering increasing attention from both ethnobiologists and ethnopharmacologists as diet-related chronic diseases are one of the major problems resulting in a large proportion of deaths globally, which calls for interest from the scientific community to make sensible decisions in the field of food and medicine. In this regard, the current study is an important attempt at providing baseline data for developing healthy and curative food ingredients. This study aimed at recording the culinary and medicinal uses of wild food plants (WFPs) in the remote Mastuj Valley, located at the extreme north of Chitral District, Pakistan. An ethnobotanical survey was completed via 30 in-depth semi-structured interviews with local knowledge holders to record the food and medicinal uses of WFPs in the study area. A total of 43 WFPs were recorded, most of which were used as cooked vegetables and raw snacks. Leaves were the most frequently used plant part. A remarkable proportion (81%) of use reports for the recorded wild plant taxa were quoted as food-medicines or medicinal foods, while very few were reported as either food or medicines, without any relationship between uses in these two domains. Previous ethnomedicinal studies from nearby regions have shown that most of the recorded wild plants have been used as medicines, thus supporting the findings of the current study. A literature survey revealed that many of the reported medicinal uses (33%) for the quoted WFPs were not verifiable on PubMed as they have not been studied for their respective medicinal actions. We observed that most of the plants quoted here have disappeared from the traditional food and medicinal system, which may be attributed to the invasion of the food market and the prevalence of allopathic medicine. However, knowledge of these wild plants is still alive in memory, and women are the main holders of cultural knowledge as they use it to manage the cooking and processing of WFPs. Therefore, in this context, we strongly recommend the preservation of local biocultural heritage, promoted through future development and educational programs, which could represent a timely response to the loss of cultural and traditional knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Aziz
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Italy;
| | - Zahid Ullah
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Kanju 19201, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan;
| | - Renata Sõukand
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Pieroni
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Italy;
- Department of Medical Analysis, Tishk International University, Erbil 4401, Iraq
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Akbar M, Shabbir A, Rehman K, Akash MSH, Shah MA. Neuroprotective potential of berberine in modulating Alzheimer's disease via multiple signaling pathways. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13936. [PMID: 34523148 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Berberine is one of the most important quinoline alkaloids, which has shown numerous pharmacological activities. There are pieces of evidence that berberine serves as a promising substance for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, numerous studies on animal models have shown the neuroprotective role of berberine. AD is a complex disease having multiple pathological factors. Berberine restrains the deposition of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Substantial studies have demonstrated that berberine may also exhibit the protective effect against the risk factors associated with AD. This review illustrates the role of berberine in neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and its activity against acetylcholinesterase enzyme. It also focuses on the bioavailability and safety of berberine in AD. However, more investigations are required to explore the bioavailability and safety assessment of berberine and its new perspectives in limiting the AD-related pathogenesis and risk factors. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Current therapeutic measures only provide symptomatic relief against AD by slowing memory loss, resolving thinking problems and behavioral issues. In recent past years, many biological actions and potential therapeutic applications have been observed by berberine particularly in neurological diseases. Berberine has been investigated by various researchers for its activity against AD. This review demonstrates a variety of mechanisms by which berberine imparts its neuroprotective roles and provides the possible mechanism of action of berberine by which it prevents the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and disaggregation of amyloid beta plaques in AD. It also focuses that berberine limits the neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in AD. Pre-clinical aspects of berberine against AD are also discussed. Eventually, a prospect is formulated that berberine might be a therapeutically significant agent for treating and preventing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moazzama Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anam Shabbir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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The Effect of Combined Herbal Capsule on Glycemic Indices and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.109488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the potential effects of the combined herbal capsule (CHC), as a nutritional supplement, on glycemic indices (GIs) and lipid profile (LP) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Following a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, the current study was conducted on 80 cases with T2DM who were randomly assigned into two groups of treatment (CHCs; n = 40) and control (placebo; n = 40). Both groups received the intervention (500 mg capsules) twice a day for three months, without changes in the previous dose of oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs. The GI and LP levels were measured before the intervention and three months later to investigate the potential efficacy of the interventions. Results: For those in the intervention group, the mean GI [i.e., fasting blood sugar, two hours postprandial (2hpp), and HbA1c] was significantly different after 3 months (P < 0.05). The GI- and LP-related outcomes (TG, LDL-C except for TC) were improved after 3-month of receiving the intervention compared to the control group; however, the observed improvement was no statistically significant (P > 0.05). The HDL-C level was also significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that receiving CHCs could improve GI and LP levels (TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C, except for TC), which indicates its potential to control T2DM. Moreover, no significant side effect was observed in the intervention group. It can be argued that the use of CHCs, as adjuvant therapy, in combination with conventional hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering drugs, as well as following a modified lifestyle, not only can significantly enhance glycemic control but also may prevent T2DM complications.
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Ibrahim Fouad G, Ahmed KA. Neuroprotective Potential of Berberine Against Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rat's Brain. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:3247-3263. [PMID: 34403065 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-associated neurotoxicity is one of the principal side-effects for doxorubicin (DOX)-treated cancer patients. Despite its poor-penetration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), DOX is linked to the induction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Berberine (BEB) is a natural polyphenolic alkaloid, which exhibits unique antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory potential. The present study was performed to investigate the neuroprotective potential of BEB in a rodent model of DOX-induced neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicity was induced in rats via a single acute dose of DOX (20 mg/kg/week, i.p.). BEB was administered at 50 mg/kg/day orally for 10 days before and 4 days after DOX administration. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were evaluated. Oxidative stress was investigated via the colorimetric determination of lipid peroxides, glutathione reduced (GSH) contents and catalase (CAT) activities in the brain tissue. In addition, DOX-induced genotoxicity was evaluated using comet assay. DOX produced a significant elevation in AChE activities. Additionally, DOX provoked oxidative stress as evidenced from the significant elevation in lipid peroxidation along with depletion in GSH contents and CAT activities. Moreover, DOX resulted in neuroinflammation as indicated by the elevation of pro-inflammatory mediator glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), as well as, the pro-apoptotic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and caspase-3 in brain tissue. Co-treatment with BEB significantly counteracted DOX-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and genotoxicity. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination supported the biochemical results. BEB demonstrated neuroprotective potential through exerting cholinergic, anti-oxidative, genoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Our findings present BEB as a promising "pre-clinical" neuroprotective agent against DOX-induced neurotoxicity during anti-neoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadha Ibrahim Fouad
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Venkatachalapathy D, Shivamallu C, Prasad SK, Thangaraj Saradha G, Rudrapathy P, Amachawadi RG, Patil SS, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Bahkali AH, Kollur SP, Basalingappa KM. Assessment of Chemopreventive Potential of the Plant Extracts against Liver Cancer Using HepG2 Cell Line. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154593. [PMID: 34361745 PMCID: PMC8348645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The edible parts of the plants Camellia sinensis, Vitis vinifera and Withania somnifera were extensively used in ancient practices such as Ayurveda, owing to their potent biomedical significance. They are very rich in secondary metabolites such as polyphenols, which are very good antioxidants and exhibit anti-carcinogenic properties. This study aims to evaluate the anti-cancerous properties of these plant crude extracts on human liver cancer HepG2 cells. The leaves of Camellia sinensis, Withania somnifera and the seeds of Vitis vinifera were collected and methanolic extracts were prepared. Then, these extracts were subjected to DPPH, α- amylase assays to determine the antioxidant properties. A MTT assay was performed to investigate the viability of the extracts of HepG2 cells, and the mode of cell death was detected by Ao/EtBr staining and flow cytometry with PI Annexin- V FITC dual staining. Then, the protein expression of BAX and BCl2 was studied using fluorescent dye to determine the regulation of the BAX and BCl2 genes. We observed that all the three extracts showed the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols or phytochemicals. The W. somnifera bioactive compounds were found to have the highest anti-proliferative activity on human liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Venkatachalapathy
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India;
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570105, India; (S.K.P.); (G.T.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.P.K.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Shashanka K. Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570105, India; (S.K.P.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Gopenath Thangaraj Saradha
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570105, India; (S.K.P.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Parthiban Rudrapathy
- Malabar Cancer Centre, Department of Clinical Laboratory Services & Translational Research, Thalassery, Kannur 670103, India;
| | - Raghavendra G. Amachawadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5606, USA;
| | - Sharanagouda S. Patil
- ICAR, National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, India;
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.M.E.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.M.E.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.M.E.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru 570026, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.P.K.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Kanthesh M. Basalingappa
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India;
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.P.K.); (K.M.B.)
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Physico‐chemical properties of powder and compressed tablets based on barberry fruit pulp. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Anticonvulsant effect and acute toxicity study of the aqueous lyophilized extract of four medicinal plants of Cameroon: Malvaviscus arboreus, Alchemilla kiwuensis and mixture of Drymaria cordata and Markhamia lutea. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Naghibi Z, Rakhshandeh H, Jarahi L, Hosseini SM, Yousefi M. Evaluation of the effects of additional therapy with Berberis vulgaris oxymel in patients with refractory primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis: A quasi-experimental study. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2021; 11:154-167. [PMID: 33907674 PMCID: PMC8051318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are several studies reporting the therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris on liver diseases. This study was done with the purpose of examining the effect of B. vulgaris oxymel (BO) in patients with refractory primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), who did not respond to current treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with PSC or PBC who were receiving ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA, 13-15 mg/kg/day) for at least six months, but their serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were still 1.5 folds higher than the normal upper limit during the last six months, were asked to participate in this quasi-experimental study. Patients were asked to take 0.5 ml/kg/day of BO two times a day for three months along with UDCA. At the end of the study, serum levels of ALP, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB), and creatinine as well as prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR) and quality of life (QOL) based on PBC-40 questionnaire were assessed as outcomes. RESULTS Our results showed that BO notably attenuated the serum levels of ALP, AST, ALT, GGT, TB, and DB, as well as PT and INR and significantly improved QOL. CONCLUSION For first time, we showed that additional therapy with BO has a promising effect in the treatment of refractory PSC and PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Naghibi
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lida Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mousalreza Hosseini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +98-9151039519, +98-9150676268, Fax: +98- 5138829279, ,
| | - Mahdi Yousefi
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +98-9151039519, +98-9150676268, Fax: +98- 5138829279, ,
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Medicinal Species of the Genus Berberis: A Review of Their Traditional and Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:547-577. [PMID: 33861458 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Discovering new drugs for treating different health problems is one of the basic needs of human societies. There are various strategies to find new lead compounds. One of the most important strategies in this regard is using the knowledge in traditional and folk medicines as a valuable guide. Islamic traditional medicine (ITM) is a well reputed school of medicine with a long history. In the textbooks of this medical system, the properties and applications of many medicinal plants have been described. As a part of an ongoing project on plants used in ITM, in this study we investigated botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Berberis spp. The great genus Berberis (Berberidaceae) consists of 594 species worldwide which have been used in different traditional medicines for a wide range of diseases. In ITM reference books such as Al-Hâwi fi'aṭ-Ṭibbe (Comprehensive Book of Medicine), Kâmel al-Sinâh aṭ-Ṭibbiyah (Complete Book of the Medical Art), Al-Qânun fi' aṭ-Ṭibbe (Canon of Medicine), Ḏakhireh Khârazmshâhi (Treasure of Khârazmshâh), and Makhzan al-Adwyah (Drug Treasure), different parts of B. vulgaris and B. integrimma, known as Zereshk, have been mainly prescribed for skin, liver, stomach, kidney, and eye problems. There are several pharmacological studies reporting beneficial effects of various Berberis plants confirming traditional uses. Most of the activities reported for Berberis is attributed to the presence of an important class of alkaloids namely isoquinolines. Nevertheless, clinical studies are necessary to confirm the therapeutic effects of different species of this genus.
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Salvadori L, Mandrone M, Manenti T, Ercolani C, Cornioli L, Lianza M, Tomasi P, Chiappalupi S, Di Filippo ES, Fulle S, Poli F, Sorci G, Riuzzi F. Identification of Withania somnifera-Silybum marianum-Trigonella foenum-graecum Formulation as a Nutritional Supplement to Contrast Muscle Atrophy and Sarcopenia. Nutrients 2020; 13:E49. [PMID: 33375229 PMCID: PMC7824275 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Muscle atrophy, i.e., the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is an unresolved problem associated with aging (sarcopenia) and several pathological conditions. The imbalance between myofibrillary protein breakdown (especially the adult isoforms of myosin heavy chain, MyHC) and synthesis, and the reduction of muscle regenerative potential are main causes of muscle atrophy. Methods: Starting from one-hundred dried hydroalcoholic extracts of medical plants, we identified those able to contrast the reduction of C2C12 myotube diameter in well-characterized in vitro models mimicking muscle atrophy associated to inflammatory states, glucocorticoid treatment or nutrient deprivation. Based on their ability to rescue type II MyHC (MyHC-II) expression in atrophying conditions, six extracts with different phytochemical profiles were selected, mixed in groups of three, and tested on atrophic myotubes. The molecular mechanism underpinning the effects of the most efficacious formulation, and its efficacy on myotubes obtained from muscle biopsies of young and sarcopenic subjects were also investigated. Results: We identified WST (Withania somnifera, Silybum marianum, Trigonella foenum-graecum) formulation as extremely efficacious in protecting C2C12 myotubes against MyHC-II degradation by stimulating Akt (protein kinase B)-dependent protein synthesis and p38 MAPK (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase)/myogenin-dependent myoblast differentiation. WST sustains trophism in C2C12 and young myotubes, and rescues the size, developmental MyHC expression and myoblast fusion in sarcopenic myotubes. Conclusion: WST strongly counteracts muscle atrophy associated to different conditions in vitro. The future validation in vivo of our results might lead to the use of WST as a food supplement to sustain muscle mass in diffuse atrophying conditions, and to reverse the age-related functional decline of human muscles, thus improving people quality of life and reducing social and health-care costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Salvadori
- Department Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (E.S.D.F.); (S.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Manuela Mandrone
- Department Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Tommaso Manenti
- Biokyma srl Laboratories, 52031 Anghiari, Italy; (T.M.); (C.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Catia Ercolani
- Biokyma srl Laboratories, 52031 Anghiari, Italy; (T.M.); (C.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Luca Cornioli
- Biokyma srl Laboratories, 52031 Anghiari, Italy; (T.M.); (C.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Mariacaterina Lianza
- Department Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Paola Tomasi
- Department Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Sara Chiappalupi
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (E.S.D.F.); (S.F.); (G.S.)
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ester Sara Di Filippo
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (E.S.D.F.); (S.F.); (G.S.)
- Department Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti e Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Fulle
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (E.S.D.F.); (S.F.); (G.S.)
- Department Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti e Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (E.S.D.F.); (S.F.); (G.S.)
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Riuzzi
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (E.S.D.F.); (S.F.); (G.S.)
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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Hashemzaei M, Rezaee R. A review on pain‐relieving activity of berberine. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2846-2853. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences Zabol Iran
- Toxicology and Addiction Research Center Zabol University of Medical Sciences Zabol Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Mohi-Ud-Din R, Mir RH, Mir PA, Farooq S, Raza SN, Raja WY, Masoodi MH, Singh IP, Bhat ZA. Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:624-644. [PMID: 33143603 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999201102141206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations. OBJECTIVE The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Berberis species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis. CONCLUSION A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory both in vitro and in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohi Mohi-Ud-Din
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Prince Ahad Mir
- Pharmaceutics Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Saeema Farooq
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Syed Naiem Raza
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Weekar Younis Raja
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Inder Pal Singh
- Amritsar Pharmacy College, 12 KM stone Amritsar Jalandhar GT Road, Mandwala-143001, India
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Bhat
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
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Petronio Petronio G, Cutuli MA, Magnifico I, Venditti N, Pietrangelo L, Vergalito F, Pane A, Scapagnini G, Di Marco R. In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Activity of Berberine Chloride against Uropathogenic E. coli Strains Using Galleria mellonella as a Host Model. Molecules 2020; 25:E5010. [PMID: 33137930 PMCID: PMC7662377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is an alkaloid of the protoberberine type used in traditional oriental medicine. Its biological activities include documented antibacterial properties against a wide variety of microorganisms; nonetheless, its use against Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary infections has not yet been widely investigated in vivo. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance requires new therapeutic approaches to ensure the continued effectiveness of antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of urinary infections. Moreover, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has developed several virulence factors and resistance to routine antibiotic therapy. To this end, several in vitro and in vivo tests were conducted to assess the activity of berberine on uropathogenic E. coli strains. Galleria mellonella as an infection model was employed to confirm the in vivo translatability of in vitro data on berberine activity and its influence on adhesion and invasion proprieties of E. coli on human bladder cells. In vitro pre-treatment with berberine was able to decrease the adhesive and invasive UPEC ability. In vivo treatment increased the larvae survival infected with UPEC strains and reduced the number of circulating pathogens in larvae hemolymph. These preliminary findings demonstrated the efficacy and reliability of G. mellonella as in vivo model for pre-clinical studies of natural substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Petronio Petronio
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise Via de Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso (CB) Molise, Italy; (G.P.P.); (I.M.); (N.V.); (L.P.); (G.S.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Marco Alfio Cutuli
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise Via de Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso (CB) Molise, Italy; (G.P.P.); (I.M.); (N.V.); (L.P.); (G.S.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Irene Magnifico
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise Via de Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso (CB) Molise, Italy; (G.P.P.); (I.M.); (N.V.); (L.P.); (G.S.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Noemi Venditti
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise Via de Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso (CB) Molise, Italy; (G.P.P.); (I.M.); (N.V.); (L.P.); (G.S.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise Via de Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso (CB) Molise, Italy; (G.P.P.); (I.M.); (N.V.); (L.P.); (G.S.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Franca Vergalito
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Antonella Pane
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise Via de Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso (CB) Molise, Italy; (G.P.P.); (I.M.); (N.V.); (L.P.); (G.S.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise Via de Sanctis 3, III Ed. Polifunzionale, 86100 Campobasso (CB) Molise, Italy; (G.P.P.); (I.M.); (N.V.); (L.P.); (G.S.); (R.D.M.)
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The pharmacological activity of berberine, a review for liver protection. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 890:173655. [PMID: 33068590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver plays an important role in bile synthesis, metabolic function, degradation of toxins, new substances synthesis in body. However, hepatopathy morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year around the world, which become a major public health problem. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a prominent role in the treatment of liver diseases due to its definite curative effect and small side effects. The hepatoprotective effect of berberine has been extensively studied, so we comprehensively summarize the pharmacological activities of lipid metabolism regulation, bile acid adjustment, anti-inflammation, oxidation resistance, anti-fibrosis and anti-cancer and so on. Besides, the metabolism and toxicity of berberine and its new formulations to improve its effectiveness are expounded, providing a reference for the safe and effective clinical use of berberine.
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Zhou N, Liu D, Bao X. A Validated Liquid Chromatographic Method for Berberine Analysis in Tissue and Application. Int J Anal Chem 2020; 2020:8892696. [PMID: 33061977 PMCID: PMC7545417 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8892696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography methods were developed for the determination of berberine (BB) in various rat tissues so as to evaluate a P-gp inhibitor, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), on BB's oral bioavailability. Acetonitrile was used to extract BB from tissues and showed different extraction recoveries in diverse tissues. The intra- and interday precision and accuracy were less than 10%. Long-term stability, pre (post) -preparative stability, and freeze-thaw stability were evaluated, and the results showed it could meet the need of this study. The proposed methods were subsequently applied to investigate the possible drug-drug interaction of GA and BB in vivo from the aspect of tissue distribution. The results showed that no significant difference was found between the group of low dose and high dose at the same time point. The tissue distributions show a saturated model, i.e., the content of BB in tissue tends to be constant while its dose is more than 200 mg/kg. Besides, the contents of BB ranged from high to low according to the order of the liver, kidney, and spleen. The BB content in the liver is especially high as compared to other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin 537000, China
- Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Efficient Use of Agricultural Resources in the Southeast of Guangxi, Yulin, China
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, China
| | - Dangmei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, China
| | - Xiaowang Bao
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, China
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Ghorbani N, Sahebari M, Mahmoudi M, Rastin M, Zamani S, Zamani M. Berberine Inhibits the Gene Expression and Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines by Mononuclear Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Healthy Individuals. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2020; 17:113-121. [PMID: 32895042 DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666200907111303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most prevalent autoimmune arthritis. Berberine is an alkaloid isolated from Berberis vulgaris, and its anti-inflammatory effect has been identified. METHODS Twenty newly diagnosed RA patients and 20 healthy controls participated. Peripheral mononuclear cells were prepared and stimulated with bacterial lipopolysachharide (LPS,1 μg/ml), exposed to different concentrations of berberine (10 and 50μM) and dexamethasone (10-7 M) as a reference. The toxicity of compounds was evaluated by WST-1 assay. The expression of TNF-α and IL-1β was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Protein level of secreted TNF-α and IL-1β was measured by using ELISA. RESULTS Berberine did not have any toxic effect on cells, whereas Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation caused a noticeable rise in TNF-α and IL-1β production. Berberine markedly downregulated the expression of both TNF-α and IL-1β, and inhibited TNF-α and IL-1β secretion from LPS-stimulated PBMCs. DISCUSSION This study provided a molecular basis for anti-inflammatory effect of berberine on human mononuclear cells through the suppression of TNF-a and IL-1secretion. Our findings highlighted the significant inhibitory effect of berberine on proinflammatory responses of mononuclear cells from rheumatoid arthritis individuals, which may be responsible for antiinflammatory property of Barberry. We observed that berberine at high concentration exhibited anti-inflammatory effect in PBMCs of both healthy and patient groups by suppression of TNF-a and IL-1cytokines at both mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION Berberine may inhibit the gene expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by mononuclear cells in rheumatoid arthritis and healthy individuals without affecting cell viability. Future studies with a larger sample size are needed to prove the idea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Ghorbani
- Immunology Research Centre, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Sahebari
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Centre, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Rastin
- Immunology Research Centre, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Zamani
- Immunology Research Centre, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marjan Zamani
- Immunology Research Centre, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ashkar F, Eftekhari MH, Tanideh N, Koohpeyma F, Mokhtari M, Irajie C, Iraji A. Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Berberis integerrima and resveratrol on ovarian morphology and biochemical parameters in Letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rat model: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:637-650. [PMID: 32923930 PMCID: PMC7457158 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v13i8.7505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol and Berberis integerrima (B. integerrima) are known to be natural antioxidants and regulators of human metabolism. However, the effects of resveratrol and B. integerrima on the ovarian morphology in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are not obvious. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of B. integerrima in combination with resveratrol on some biochemical parameters and ovarian morphology in the letrozole-induced PCOS rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy adult female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 10-12 weeks weighing 200 ± 20 gr were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10/each). Group I): normal; Group II): vehicle; Group III): letrozole-induced PCOS 1 mg/kg letrozole orally, rats receiving 1 cc normal saline orally; Group IV): PCOS + receiving 150 mg/kg metformin orally; Group V): PCOS + receiving 20 mg/kg resveratrol orally; Group VI): PCOS + 3 gr/kg barberry orally; and Group VII): PCOS + receiving 3 gr/kg barberry and 20 mg/kg resveratrol orally. All animals were followed-up for 63 days. The biochemical parameters and histological assessments of ovaries were performed. RESULTS Resveratrol alone and/or in combination with B. integerrima treatment in rats led to a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations (p = 0.02). The groups IV, V, VI, and VII showed a decrease in insulin resistance and an increase in the superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.01). No significant difference was observed between the level of serum glucose in the treatment groups. Number of cystic follicles had a significant decrease in barberry, resveratrol, and their combination groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Resveratrol, B. integerrima, and their combination as natural products with fewer side effects might be effective as an alternative medicine in treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ashkar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Koohpeyma
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maral Mokhtari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Cambyz Irajie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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