1
|
Chen KQ, Wang SZ, Lei HB, Liu X. Ophiopogonin D: review of pharmacological activity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1401627. [PMID: 39101149 PMCID: PMC11295246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1401627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ophiopogon D is an important natural organic compound in Ophiopogon japonicus, which often has significant biological activity. Purpose The purpose of this review is to systemically summarize and discuss the pharmacological activity and underlying mechanisms of OP-D in recent years. Method PubMed and Web of Science were searched with the keywords:"Ophiopogon japonicus", "Ophiopogon D" "pharmacology", and "pharmacokinetics". There was no restriction on the publication year, and the last search was conducted on 1 Jan 2024. Results Emerging evidence suggests that OP-D possess numerous pharmacological activities, including bone protection, cardiovascular protection, immune regulation, anti-cancer, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory and anti-NAFLD. Conclusion OP-D has a potential value in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. We hope that this review will contribute to therapeutic development and future studies of OP-D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-qian Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Shu-zhi Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hai-bo Lei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang A, Song Q, Li Y, Fang H, Ma X, Li Y, Wei B, Pan C. Effect of traditional Chinese medicine on metabolism disturbance in ischemic heart diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118143. [PMID: 38583735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ischemic heart diseases (IHD), characterized by metabolic dysregulation, contributes majorly to the global morbidity and mortality. Glucose, lipid and amino acid metabolism are critical energy production for cardiomyocytes, and disturbances of these metabolism lead to the cardiac injury. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), widely used for treating IHD, have been demonstrated to effectively and safely regulate the cardiac metabolism reprogramming. AIM OF THE REVIEW This study discussed and analyzed the disturbed cardiac metabolism induced by IHD and development of formulas, extracts, single herb, bioactive compounds of TCM ameliorating IHD injury via metabolism regulation, with the aim of providing a basis for the development of clinical application of therapeutic strategies for TCM in IHD. MATERIALS AND METHODS With "ischemic heart disease", "myocardial infarction", "myocardial ischemia", "metabolomics", "Chinese medicine", "herb", "extracts" "medicinal plants", "glucose", "lipid metabolism", "amino acid" as the main keywords, PubMed, Web of Science, and other online search engines were used for literature retrieval. RESULTS IHD exhibits a close association with metabolism disorders, including but not limited to glycolysis, the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, branched-chain amino acids, fatty acid β-oxidation, ketone body metabolism, sphingolipid and glycerol-phospholipid metabolism. The therapeutic potential of TCM lies in its ability to regulate these disturbed cardiac metabolisms. Additionally, the active ingredients of TCM have depicted wonderful effects in cardiac metabolism reprogramming in IHD. CONCLUSION Drawing from the principles of TCM, we have pinpointed specific herbal remedies for the treatment of IHD, and leveraged advanced metabolomics technologies to uncover the effect of these TCMs on metabolomics alteration. In the future, further clinical experimental studies should be included to explore whether more TCM medicines can play a therapeutic role in IHD by reversing cardiac metabolism disorders; multi-omics would be conducted to explore more pathways and genes targeting such metabolism reprogramming by TCMs, and to seek more TCM therapies for IHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anpei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Qiubin Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoji Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Bo Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Chengxue Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Dong P, Shang Z, Dai L, Wang S, Zhang J. Unveiling the Chemical Composition of Sulfur-Fumigated Herbs: A Triple Synthesis Approach Using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS-A Case Study on Steroidal Saponins in Ophiopogonis Radix. Molecules 2024; 29:702. [PMID: 38338446 PMCID: PMC10856428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ophiopogonis Radix (OR) is a traditional Chinese medicine. In recent years, in order to achieve the purpose of drying, bleaching, sterilizing and being antiseptic, improving appearance, and easy storage, people often use sulfur fumigation for its processing. However, changes in the chemical composition of medicinal herbs caused by sulfur fumigation can lead to the transformation and loss of potent substances. Therefore, the development of methods to rapidly reveal the chemical transformation of medicinal herbs induced by sulfur fumigation can guarantee the safe clinical use of medicines. In this study, a combined full scan-parent ions list-dynamic exclusion acquisition-diagnostic product ions analysis strategy based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS was proposed for the analysis of steroidal saponins and their transformed components in sulfur-fumigated Ophiopogonis Radix (SF-OR). Based on precise mass measurements, chromatographic behavior, neutral loss ions, and diagnostic product ions, 286 constituents were screened and identified from SF-OR, including 191 steroidal saponins and 95 sulfur-containing derivatives (sulfates or sulfites). The results indicated that the established strategy was a valuable and effective analytical tool for comprehensively characterizing the material basis of SF-OR, and also provided a basis for potential chemical changes in other sulfur-fumigated herbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Pingping Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Zhanpeng Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Long Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shaoping Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang X, Wang X, Yao H, Shen C, Geng K, Xie H. A comprehensive review on Schisandrin and its pharmacological features. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:783-794. [PMID: 37658213 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Schisandrin stands as one of the primary active compounds within the widely used traditional medicinal plant Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. This compound exhibits sedative, hypnotic, anti-aging, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, showcasing its effectiveness across various liver diseases while maintaining a favorable safety profile. However, the bioavailability of schisandrin is largely affected by hepatic and intestinal first-pass metabolism, which limits the clinical efficacy of schisandrin. In this paper, we review the various pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of schisandrin, in order to provide reference for subsequent drug research and promote its medicinal value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Wang
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
- Wannan Medical College, No.22, Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Wannan Medical College, No.22, Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Chaozhuang Shen
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Kuo Geng
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Haitang Xie
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang H, Tang L, Hu S, Kong X, Ouyang Y, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Tang S, Wu H, Yang H. Chemical profiling of Shengmai injection, tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic characteristics of ginsenosides after intravenous dosing Shengmai injection in rats with cerebral ischemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117119. [PMID: 37659763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shengmai injection (SMI), consisting of Panax ginseng, Fructus schisandrae, and Radix ophiopogonis, has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to uncover the chemical profile of SMI, tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic characteristics of the main compounds after administration by combing UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and UPLC-QQQ-MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS method was firstly established for the chemical profiling analysis of SMI. Then UPLC-QQQ-MS method was used to quantitatively analyze the contents of the main identified compounds in SMI and in the different tissues after intravenous dosing SMI in rats with cerebral ischemia. Finally, a new method was developed for the pharmacokinetic study of ginsenosides with considerable exposure. RESULTS A total of 59 compounds were identified in SMI, including 25 ginsenosides, 25 lignans, four ophiopogon saponins, and five flavonoids. Among them, 26 compounds were confirmed by the standard substance. By UPLC-QQQ-MS, 23 chemical compounds were then quantitatively identified with their contents in SMI. Ginsenosides, as the main active compounds from Panax ginseng, showed the highest contents in SMI. Fifteen compounds including ginsenosides and Schisandrol were further found to have considerable exposure in different tissues. A rapid, sensitive, and specified method was then developed for simultaneously detecting the seven ginsenosides in the plasma and had good method validation. Pharmacokinetic evaluation showed that PPD type ginsenosides (Rd, Rb1, Rc) were all exhibited at higher levels of exposure in the plasma and had a much slower elimination rate, whereas PPT type ginsenosides (Re, Rg1, Rf, Rg2) underwent fast elimination. CONCLUSION This study systematically revealed the ingredients of SMI and their tissue distribution. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of ginsenosides were also discovered. The findings provide a helpful reference for the pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical research on SMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Tianjin Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital (Nankai Hospital), Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Liying Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shaowei Hu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xixian Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yi Ouyang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shihuan Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luo X, Song Z, Zeng X, Ye Y, Zheng H, Cai D, Yuan Q, Li H, Tong Y, Lu D, Liu Y, Zeng H, Yang Y, Sun H, Zou Q. A promising self-nanoemulsifying adjuvant with plant-derived saponin D boosts immune response and exerts an anti-tumor effect. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1154836. [PMID: 37415983 PMCID: PMC10319991 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The low immunogenicity of tumor antigens and unacceptable toxicity of adjuvants has hindered the application and development of tumor vaccines. Hence, we designed a novel anti-tumor vaccine composed of a plant-derived immunostimulant molecular nanoadjuvant (a self-nanoemulsifying system, SND) and the antigen OVA, to reinvigorate the immune response and inhibit tumor progression. Methods In this study, this novel nanoadjuvant with Saponin D (SND) was designed and prepared by low-energy emulsification methods. Several important characteristics of the SND, including morphology, size, polymer dispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and stability, were estimated, and the cytotoxicity of the SND was evaluated by MTT assay. Additionally, the immune response in terms of antibody titer levels and cellular immunity were evaluated in vivo after immunization with the vaccine, and the preventative and therapeutic effects of this novel vaccine against tumors were estimated. Finally, the antigen release profile was determined by IVIS imaging and by in vivo assay. Results This SND nanoadjuvant had good characteristics including the average particle size of 26.35 ± 0.225 nm, narrow distribution of 0.221 ± 1.76, and stability zeta potential of -12.9 ± 0.83 mV. And also, it had good stability (size, PDI, zeta potential, antigen stability) and low toxicity in vitro and in vivo, and delayed antigen release in vivo. The humoral immune response (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b) and cellular immune level (cytokines of splenocytes including IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-1β andIL-17A) were both improved greatly after injected immunization at 0, 14, 28 days with the novel nanoadjuvant and antigen OVA. Importantly, this novel nanoadjuvant combined with OVA might lead to the induction of the prevent and treatment efficacy in the E.G7-OVA tumor-bearing mice. Conclusions These results suggested that this novel nanoadjuvant encapsulated natural plant immunostimulant molecular OPD could be a good candidate of tumor vaccine adjuvant for reinvigorating the immune response and powerfully inhibiting tumor growth effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 954 Army Hospital, Shannan, Tibet, China
| | - Xiaogqiang Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Ye
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hailin Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dingyi Cai
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingpeng Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haibo Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanan Tong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongshui Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongwu Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ouyang Y, Tang L, Hu S, Tian G, Dong C, Lai H, Wang H, Zhao J, Wu H, Zhang F, Yang H. Shengmai san-derived compound prescriptions: A review on chemical constituents, pharmacokinetic studies, quality control, and pharmacological properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154433. [PMID: 36191550 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shengmai San Formula (SMS), composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ophiopogon Radix and Schisandra chinensis Fructus, was a famous formula in Tradition Chinese Medicine (TCM). With the expansion of clinical applications, SMS was developed to different dosage forms, including Shengmai Yin Oral liquid (SMY), Shengmai Capsule (SMC), Shengmai Granule (SMG), Shengmai Injection (SMI) and Dengzhan Shengmai Capsule (DZSMC). These above SMS-derived compound prescriptions (SSCPs) play an important role in the clinical treatment. This review is aimed to providing a comprehensive perspective of SSCP. METHODS The relevant literatures were collected from classical TCM books and a variety of databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer Link, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. RESULTS The chemical constituents of SSCPs, arrived from the individual medicinal materials including Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ophiopogon Radix, Schisandra chinensis Fructus, Erigerontis Herba, were firstly summarized respectively. Then the pharmacokinetics studies, quality control, and pharmacological properties of SSCPs were all reviewed. The active compounds, pharmacokinetics characterizes, quality control markers, the effects and mechanisms of pharmacology of the different dosage forms of SSCPs were summarized. Furthermore, the research deficiencies of SSCPs and an innovative research paradigm for Chinese materia medica (CMM) formula were proposed. CONCLUSIONS SMS, as a famous CMM formula, has great values in drug research and in clinical treatment especially for cardiocerebrovascular diseases. This article firstly make a comprehensive and systematic review on SMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ouyang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Liying Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shaowei Hu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guanghuan Tian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Caihong Dong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huaqing Lai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Fangbo Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Medical Experimental Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stalin A, Lin D, Senthamarai Kannan B, Feng Y, Wang Y, Zhao W, Ignacimuthu S, Wei DQ, Chen Y. An in-silico approach to identify the potential hot spots in SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD to block the interaction with ACE2 receptor. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:7408-7423. [PMID: 33685364 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1897682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A novel acute viral pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV-2 exploded at the end of 2019, causing a severe medical and economic crisis. For developing specific pharmacotherapy against SARS-CoV-2, an in silico virtual screening was developed for the available in-house molecules. The conserved domain analysis was performed to identify the highly conserved and exposed amino acid regions in the SARS-CoV-2-S RBD sites. The Protein-Protein interaction analyses demonstrated the higher affinity between the SARS-CoV-2-S and ACE2 due to varieties of significant interactions between them. The computational alanine scanning mutation study has recognized the highly stabilized amino acids in the SARS-CoV-2-S RBD/ACE2 complex. The cumulative sequence investigations have inferred that Lys417, Phe486, Asn487, Tyr489, and Gln493 are perhaps the iconic target amino acids to develop a drug molecule or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most of the selected compounds include luteolin, zhebeirine, 3-dehydroverticine, embelin, andrographolide, ophiopogonin D, crocin-1, sprengerinin A, B, C, peimine, etc. were exhibited distinguish drug actions through the strong hydrogen bonding with the hot spots of the RBD. Besides, the 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation and free energy binding analysis showed the significant efficacy of luteolin to inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Stalin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Yue Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai-Islamabad-Belgrade Joint Innovation Center on Antibacterial Resistances, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Dong-Qing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai-Islamabad-Belgrade Joint Innovation Center on Antibacterial Resistances, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou Y, Li M, Song J, Shi Y, Qin X, Gao Z, Lv Y, Du G. The cardioprotective effects of the new crystal form of puerarin in isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia rats based on metabolomics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17787. [PMID: 33082379 PMCID: PMC7575583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin has shown unique pharmacological effects on myocardial ischemia (MI). Changing the crystal form is an effective approach to improve the cardioprotective effects of puerarin. However, the mechanisms of the new crystal form of puerarin are unclear. In this study, an electrocardiogram, echocardiography, cardiac marker enzymatic activity, oxidative stress indices, and myocardial histology analysis of cardiac tissues were performed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of the new crystal form of puerarin. Moreover, serum and cardiac tissue metabolomics based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to investigate the potential mechanism of the new crystal form. The results indicated that the new crystal form of puerarin (30 mg/kg) could improve oxidative stress indices, and these improvements were similar to those of the original crystal form of puerarin (120 mg/kg). The new crystal form of puerarin (30 mg/kg) could effectively improve the activities of cardiac marker enzymes, and the improvement effects were better than those of the original crystal form (120 mg/kg). Moreover, metabolomics analysis showed that amino acid metabolism, oxidative stress and energy metabolism were disturbed after MI and could be improved by puerarin. These results demonstrated that the new crystal form of puerarin was effective in treating MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.,Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Polymorph Drugs, Shandong Yikang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, No. 3288, Yikang Avenue, Tengzhou, 277513, China.,Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Mengru Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jia Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Polymorph Drugs, Shandong Yikang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, No. 3288, Yikang Avenue, Tengzhou, 277513, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Zhaolin Gao
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Polymorph Drugs, Shandong Yikang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, No. 3288, Yikang Avenue, Tengzhou, 277513, China
| | - Yang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu GS, Li HK, Zhang WD. Metabolomics and its application in the treatment of coronary heart disease with traditional Chinese medicine. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 17:321-330. [PMID: 31171266 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is the treasure of Chinese Nation and gained the gradual acceptance of the international community. However, the methods and theories of TCM understanding of diseases are lack of appropriate modern scientific characterization systems. Moreover, traditional risk factors cannot promote to detection and prevent those patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who have not developed acute myocardial infarction (MI) in time. To sum up, there is still no objective systematic evaluation system for the therapeutic mechanism of TCM in the prevention and cure of cardiovascular disease. Thus, new ideas and technologies are needed. The development of omics technology, especially metabolomics, can be used to predict the level of metabolites in vivo and diagnose the physiological state of the body in time to guide the corresponding intervention. In particular, metabolomics is also a very powerful tool to promote the modernization of TCM and the development of TCM in personalized medicine. This article summarized the application of metabolomics in the early diagnosis, the discovery of biomarkers and the treatment of TCM in CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Song Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hou-Kai Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Effects and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 151:104488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
12
|
Spiller W, Jung KJ, Lee JY, Jee SH. Precision Medicine and Cardiovascular Health: Insights from Mendelian Randomization Analyses. Korean Circ J 2019; 50:91-111. [PMID: 31845553 PMCID: PMC6974657 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2019.0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is considered a primary driver of global mortality and is estimated to be responsible for approximately 17.9 million deaths annually. Consequently, a substantial body of research related to CVD has developed, with an emphasis on identifying strategies for the prevention and effective treatment of CVD. In this review, we critically examine the existing CVD literature, and specifically highlight the contribution of Mendelian randomization analyses in CVD research. Throughout this review, we assess the extent to which research findings agree across a range of studies of differing design within a triangulation framework. If differing study designs are subject to non-overlapping sources of bias, consistent findings limit the extent to which results are merely an artefact of study design. Consequently, broad agreement across differing studies can be viewed as providing more robust causal evidence in contrast to limiting the scope of the review to a single specific study design. Utilising the triangulation approach, we highlight emerging patterns in research findings, and explore the potential of identified risk factors as targets for precision medicine and novel interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wes Spiller
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Keum Ji Jung
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jia D, Xiong L, Yu X, Chen X, Wang T, Chen AF, Chai Y, Zhu Z, Zhang C. Cardioprotective mechanism study of salvianic acid A sodium based on a proteome microarray approach and metabolomic profiling of rat serum after myocardial infarction. Mol Omics 2019; 15:271-279. [PMID: 31099812 DOI: 10.1039/c9mo00005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Salvianic acid A sodium (SAAS), derived from a well-known herbal medicine Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), is a new drug involved in phase I clinical trials in China for the treatment of coronary heart disease and stable angina pectoris. However, the direct binding protein(s) of SAAS are not understood and the broader cardioprotective effects as well as the underlying mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left anterior descending artery ligation to investigate the cardioprotective effect of SAAS against myocardial infarction (MI). Moreover, a human proteome microarray was used to identify the direct binding proteins of SAAS, which was further verified by metabolomic profiling of rat serum after MI using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) based approach. Our results demonstrated that SAAS significantly improved cardiac function and protected against MI-induced injury. In total, 370 proteins were identified to specifically bind SAAS and strikingly enriched in metabolic pathways. Rat serum metabolomic profiling identified 26 potential biomarkers including various glycerophospholipids (GPLs) and an array of fatty acids. Metabolic pathway analysis found increased phospholipid catabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism, decreased tryptophan metabolism, and impaired glycerophospholipid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis in MI animals, while SAAS remarkably reversed these metabolic changes. SAAS may protect against myocardial infarction in rats by reversing multiple metabolic changes-induced by MI injury. Our findings will shed light on the cardioprotective mechanism of SAAS and aid its clinical use. Moreover, the SAAS-binding proteins identified by the proteome microarray are expected to be a valuable resource for its greater development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Liyan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China. and School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xuhong Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The PLA 305 Hospital, Beijing 100017, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Tingfang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China. and School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China. and Third Xiangya Hospital and the Institute of Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China. and School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Treating Coronary Heart Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3231424. [PMID: 30918578 PMCID: PMC6409025 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3231424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been closely related with coronary artery disease. In coronary heart disease (CHD), an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production generates endothelial cell and smooth muscle functional disorders, leading to a disequilibrium between the antioxidant capacity and prooxidants. ROS also leads to inflammatory signal activation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, which can promote and increase the occurrence and development of CHD. There are several kinds of antioxidative and small molecular systems of antioxidants, such as β-carotene, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and reduced glutathione (GSH). Studies have shown that antioxidant treatment was effective and decreased the risk of CHD, but the effect of the treatment varies greatly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized for thousands of years in China and is becoming increasingly popular all over the world, especially for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases. This review will concentrate on the evidence of the action mechanism of TCM in preventing CHD by modulating oxidative stress-related signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liang ZJ, Lu X, Zhu DD, Yi XL, Wu FX, He N, Tang C, Wei CY, Li HM. Ginsenoside Rg1 Accelerates Paracrine Activity and Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Breast Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in a Dose-Dependent Manner In Vitro. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:286-295. [PMID: 30675799 PMCID: PMC6425106 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719825615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Augmenting the biological function of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) is a promising approach to promoting tissue remodeling in regenerative medicine. Here, we examined the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the paracrine activity and adipogenic differentiation capacity of human breast ASCs (hbASCs) in vitro. hbASCs were isolated and characterized in terms of stromal cell surface markers and multipotency. Third-passage hbASCs were cultured in basic media only or basic media containing different concentrations of G-Rg1 (0.1-100 μM). Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Paracrine activity was assessed using ELISA. Gene expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Adipogenic differentiation capacity was evaluated by Oil red O staining. We found that hbASCs differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes in appropriate induction culture medium. hbASCs showed expression of CD29, CD44, CD49d, CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD133 but not CD31 and CD45 surface markers. G-Rg1 increased hbASC proliferation and adipogenic differentiation capacity at lower concentrations (0.1-1 μM) and had the opposite effects at higher concentrations (10-100 μM), while enhanced paracrine activity was observed in all experimental groups compared with control group, and the activation effect of lower concentration G-Rg1 was greater than at higher concentration. These results indicate that G-Rg1 can enhance the proliferation, paracrine activity, and adipogenic differentiation capacity of hbASCs within a certain concentration range. Therefore, the use of G-Rg1 may be beneficial to ASC-assisted fat graft regeneration and soft tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jie Liang
- 1 Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,2 Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University &The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- 3 Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhu
- 4 Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yi
- 4 Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Fang-Xiao Wu
- 4 Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Ning He
- 4 Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Chao Tang
- 5 Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Mengxiang Plastic Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Chang-Yuan Wei
- 1 Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hong-Mian Li
- 4 Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tong YN, Yang LY, Yang Y, Song Z, Peng LS, Gao JN, Zeng H, Zou QM, Sun HW, Mao XH. An immunopotentiator, ophiopogonin D, encapsulated in a nanoemulsion as a robust adjuvant to improve vaccine efficacy. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:255-267. [PMID: 30031164 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As an ingredient of vaccines, adjuvants are indispensable for enhancing and directly inducing robust and extensive adaptive immune responses associated with vaccine antigens. In this study, we initially determined that a new molecular immunopotentiator, ophiopogonin D (OP-D), enhanced the antibody response to antigen. Because OP-D has certain disadvantages, including poor solubility, we next encapsulated OP-D in a nanoemulsion adjuvant (nanoemulsion-encapsulated OP-D, NOD) using low-energy emulsification methods. The NOD thus produced was small, with an average size of 76.45 nm, and exhibited good distribution (PdI value 0.16), significantly increasing the solubility of OP-D. Furthermore, NOD exhibited reduced cellular toxicity and acute toxicity. Our results showed that a fusion antigen of MRSA (HlaH35LIsdB348-465) formulated with NOD significantly improved humoral and cellular immune responses compared to those observed in the antigen/OP-D and antigen/AlPO4 groups. Compared with antigen/OP-D, the antigen formulated with NOD more effectively promoted antigen uptake by dendritic cells (DCs) and the activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Moreover, the NOD-formulated antigen had ideal protective efficacy in a MRSA sepsis model by inducing more potent antibody responses and a Th1/Th17-biased CD4+ T cell immune response. Therefore, these results suggest that NOD is a promising and robust adjuvant platform for a MRSA vaccine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We first identified a new powerful immunopotentiator, Ophiopogonin D, among dozens of natural products and then used nanotechnology to construct a highly efficient and low toxic adjuvant system (NOD). Our approach intersects natural medicinal chemistry, nanomaterials and immunology, revealing that a strong adjuvant activity of this adjuvant system was verified in vitro and in vivo, and the application of MRSA subunit vaccine model for survival experiments achieved a 100% protection rate. This research illustrate that NOD is a promising and robust adjuvant platform for subunit vaccines.
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu M, Han Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Wei C, Cong Z, Du W. Metabolomics Study of the Biochemical Changes in the Plasma of Myocardial Infarction Patients. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1017. [PMID: 30210352 PMCID: PMC6123371 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common and multifactorial disease that has the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Although a number of physiological, pathological, and functional parameters have been investigated, only scarce information regarding the changes of small metabolites in the plasma has been reported, and this lack of information may cause poor MI diagnosis and treatment. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the metabolic profiles of plasma samples from MI patients to identify potential disease biomarkers and to study the pathology of MI. Metabolic profiles of the plasma of 30 MI patients and 30 controls were obtained using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The resulting data were processed using pattern recognition approaches, including principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis, to identify the metabolites that differed between the groups. Significant differences in the plasma levels of the following 10 metabolites were observed in the MI patients compared with the controls: phosphatidylserine, C16-sphingosine, N-methyl arachidonic amide, N-(2-methoxyethyl) arachidonic amide, linoleamidoglycerophosphate choline, lyso-PC (C18:2), lyso-PC (C16:0), lyso-PC (C18:1), arachidonic acid, and linoleic acid. The changes in these 10 biomarkers indicated perturbations of energy metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism in the MI patients. These findings hold promise to advance the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingdan Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanqi Han
- Tianjin Engineering Laboratory of Quality Control Techniques for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoqiang Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Congcong Wei
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zidong Cong
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wuxun Du
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gan XT, Karmazyn M. Cardioprotection by ginseng: experimental and clinical evidence and underlying mechanisms. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:859-868. [PMID: 29940129 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protection of the ischemic and reperfused myocardium represents a major therapeutic challenge. Translating results from animal studies to the clinical setting has been disappointing, yet the need for effective intervention, particularly to limit heart damage following infarction or surgical procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting, is substantial. Among the many compounds touted as cardioprotective agents is ginseng, a medicinal herb belonging to the genus Panax, which has been used as a medicinal agent for thousands of years, particularly in Asian societies. The biological actions of ginseng are very complex and reflect composition of many bioactive components, although many of the biological and therapeutic effects of ginseng have been attributed to the presence of steroid-like saponins termed ginsenosides. Both ginseng and many ginsenosides have been shown to exert cardioprotective properties in experimental models. There is also clinical evidence that traditional Chinese medications containing ginseng exert cardioprotective properties, although such clinical evidence is less robust primarily owing to the paucity of large-scale clinical trials. Here, we discuss the experimental and clinical evidence for ginseng, ginsenosides, and ginseng-containing formulations as cardioprotective agents against ischemic and reperfusion injury. We further discuss potential mechanisms, particularly as these relate to antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Tracey Gan
- University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6G 2X6, Canada.,University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6G 2X6, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zuo YH, Han QB, Dong GT, Yue RQ, Ren XC, Liu JX, Liu L, Luo P, Zhou H. Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway. Front Physiol 2018; 9:699. [PMID: 29962955 PMCID: PMC6013582 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been the major issue of public health. Panax ginseng (ginseng) has been verified as an effective traditional Chinese medicines and exerted cardioprotective effect. This study aimed to investigate the polysaccharide fraction of ginseng on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in cardiomyocytes and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Ginseng was extracted by ethanol and fractionated by high-speed counter current chromatography (HSCCC) and column separation. The cardioprotective effect was evaluated in H9c2 cardiomyocytes underwent H/R treatment. The cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial respiration were examined. Results: An acid polysaccharides fraction of ginseng (AP1) was identified the most effective fraction in protecting cardiomyocytes from H/R injury. AP1 restored the mitochondrial function by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), blocking the release of cytochrome C, and increasing the ATP generation and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, AP1 induced the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and estrogen receptor (ER) which further activated reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway. Finally, AP1 increased nitric oxide (NO) production and regulated endothelial function by increasing endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression and decreasing inducible NOS (iNOS) expression in H/R injury. Conclusion: The results suggested that AP1 exerted a protective effect in myocardial H/R injury mainly through maintaining myocardial mitochondrial function, thereby inhibiting myocardial H/R caused apoptosis and increasing the expressions of GR and ER, which in turn mediated the activation of RISK pathway and eNOS-dependent mechanism to resist the reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Quan-Bin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Geng-Ting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Rui-Qi Yue
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue-Cong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,International Institute of Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Luo H, Zhu D, Wang Y, Chen Y, Jiang R, Yu P, Qiu Z. Study on the Structure of Ginseng Glycopeptides with Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activity. Molecules 2018; 23:E1325. [PMID: 29857514 PMCID: PMC6099564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng is well known for its medicinal functions. As a class of important compound of ginseng, ginsenoside is widely studied around the world. In addition, ginseng glycopeptides also showed good biological activity, but researches in this field are rarely reported. In this study, ginseng glycopeptides (Gg) were first prepared from Panax ginseng by reflux extracted with 85% ethanol and the following purification with Sephadex G-15 column. Then, the inflammatory pain models induced by carrageenan and the rat pain models induced by Faure Marin were established for research on mechanism of analgesic activities. It is showed that Gg had an obvious inhibiting effect on inflammation and a significant reduction on the Malondialdehyde (MDA) of inflammatory foot tissue. And there were significant differences between moderate to high dose of Gg and model group in Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), Interleukin 2 (IL-2), Interleukin 4 (IL-4), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and Histamine. The two models can be preliminarily determined that the analgesic effect of Gg may be peripheral, which mechanism may be related to the dynamic balance between proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, and Interleukin 10 (IL-10)). A series of methods were used to study Gg in physical-chemical properties and linking mode of glycoside. The high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for identification of the structure of Gg. Moreover, the structure of 20 major Gg were investigated and identified. The structural analysis of Gg was benefit for the next study on structure-activity relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Luo
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Difu Zhu
- Jilin Jice Inspection Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine and Material Medica Science, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yinghong Chen
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine and Material Medica Science, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Ruizhi Jiang
- Jilin Jice Inspection Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130117, China.
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine and Material Medica Science, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Peng Yu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu X, Tan W, Yang F, Wang Y, Yue S, Wang T, Wang X. Shengmai injection reduces apoptosis and enhances angiogenesis after myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:629-636. [PMID: 29803176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether Shengmai injection (SMI) helps to improve cardiac function and enhances angiogenesis after myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). A rat model of MIRI was created via occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min, followed by 3 days or 7 days of reperfusion (n = 6 each group). BACKGROUNDS SMI is widely used for the treatment of myocardial infarction. The mechanism underlying the effect on cardiac function is not known and whether SMI has any effects on angiogenesis during treatment of MIRI is not clear. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Echocardiography showed that SMI improved the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the rat model of MIRI. TUNEL staining indicated that SMI decreased the myocardial apoptosis rate after MIRI. This result may be related to the increase of Bcl-2 expression in the SMI group and a reduction in Bax and caspase 3 expression, as determined by immunohistochemical staining. Small vessels (<60 μm in diameter) of the heart of rats in the group treated with SMI were denser (more numerous) than those in the heart of rats in the other groups. Real-time PCR indicated that the SMI-driven reduction in apoptosis was associated with a change in the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax expression, and treatment-induced angiogenesis was associated with enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) expression. We elucidated that SMI promotes angiogenesis, which is important for the development of cardiac remodelling after MIRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Wangxiao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Fengwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Shaoqian Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chinese patent medicine Xin-Ke-Shu inhibits Ca 2+ overload and dysfunction of fatty acid β -oxidation in rats with myocardial infarction induced by LAD ligation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1079:85-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
23
|
Chen S, Li X, Liu L, Liu C, Han X. Ophiopogonin D alleviates high‐fat diet‐induced metabolic syndrome and changes the structure of gut microbiota in mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:1139-1153. [PMID: 29084766 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700741rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyKey Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
- School of Life Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Pathology First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyKey Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang X, Liu AH, Jia ZW, Pu K, Chen KY, Guo H. Evaluation of expression levels and mechanism of complement activation. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:2493-2496. [PMID: 28962185 PMCID: PMC5609295 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to reveal the expression changes of complement system activation and complement activation product C3a receptor during acute myocardial infarction. Blood samples were collected from healthy individuals and from patients with coronary artery stenosis or acute myocardial infarction. The subjects received physical examination in hospital between January and July 2015 (n=5). Cytometric bead array was performed to measure the levels of complement system activation product anaphylatoxin C3a, C4a and C5a. Immunohistochemical investigations were performed in tissues of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting between January and July 2015 to detect the expression of C3a receptor. The results of cytometric bead array showed that the content of complement activation products C3a, C4a and C5a in the plasma of patients with coronary artery stenosis and acute myocardial infarction were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01). The results of immunoblotting suggested that the protein expression of C3a receptor in infarct tissues of patients with acute myocardial infarction was significantly higher than that of normal tissues adjacent to the infarcted area (P<0.05). There is complement system activation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Additionally, the increase in the expression of complement C3a receptor in tissues of infarct area suggested that C3a-C3a receptor signaling pathway may be involved in the development of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The 254th Hospital of PLA, Tianjin 300142, P.R. China
| | - An-Heng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Wei Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The 254th Hospital of PLA, Tianjin 300142, P.R. China
| | - Kui Pu
- Department of Cardiology, The 254th Hospital of PLA, Tianjin 300142, P.R. China
| | - Kang-Yin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Tianjing Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The 254th Hospital of PLA, Tianjin 300142, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Extract of Sheng-Mai-San Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia-Induced Heart Failure by Modulating Ca 2+-Calcineurin-Mediated Drp1 Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091825. [PMID: 28841143 PMCID: PMC5618477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sheng-Mai-San (SMS) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) complex prescription used to treat heart failure (HF) and angina in clinic. However, its potential therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. The present study evaluated the cardioprotection of extract of SMS (ESMS) on myocardial ischemia (MI)-induced HF, and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results demonstrated that ESMS (728.0 mg/kg) significantly attenuated MI injury-induced HF by improving cardiac function and pathological changes, decreasing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) activities, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels; increasing ATPase activity; and reducing intracellular Ca2+ levels in MI-induced HF mice model. It also significantly decreased the apoptotic index. In vitro, ESMS (400 μg/mL) inhibited mitochondrial-dependent myocardial apoptosis by modulating the expression of caspase-3 and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and improved mitochondrial function through increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular ATP content. ESMS restored intracellular Ca2+ and downregulated the expression of Calcineurin A (CnA), thus inhibiting phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) at Ser616 and increasing phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser637 to prevent cardiomyocyte mitochondrial fission. Above-mentioned results demonstrated ESMS suppressed mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) injured H9c2 cardiomyocytes. These findings suggested that ESMS attenuated MI-induced HF by regulating Ca2+ homeostasis and suppressing mitochondrial mediated apoptosis through the modulation of Ca2+-calcineurin-mediated Drp1 signaling pathways. Our results provide insight into the mechanism and clinical applications of SMS and suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for HF.
Collapse
|
26
|
Yang SW, Zhou YJ, Zhao YX, Liu YY, Tian XF, Wang ZJ, Jia DA, Han HY, Hu B, Shen H, Gao F, Wang LY, Lin J, Pan GZ, Zhang J, Guo ZF, Du J, Hu DY. The serum anion gap is associated with disease severity and all-cause mortality in coronary artery disease. J Geriatr Cardiol 2017; 14:392-400. [PMID: 29056946 PMCID: PMC5540871 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between the serum anion gap (AG) with the severity and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We measured serum electrolytes in 18,115 CAD patients indicated by coronary angiography. The serum AG was calculated according to the equation: AG = Na+[(mmol/L) + K+ (mmol/L)] - [Cl- (mmol/L) + HCO3- (mmol/L)]. RESULTS A total of 4510 (24.9%) participants had their AG levels greater than 16 mmol/L. The serum AG was independently associated with measures of CAD severity, including more severe clinical types of CAD (P < 0.001) and worse cardiac function (P = 0.004). Patients in the 4th quartile of serum AG (≥ 15.92 mmol/L) had a 5.171-fold increased risk of 30 days all-cause death (P < 0.001). This association was robust, even after adjustment for age, sex, evaluated glomerular filtration rate [hazard ratio (HR): 4.861, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.150-10.993, P < 0.001], clinical diagnosis, severity of coronary artery stenosis, cardiac function grades, and other confounders (HR: 3.318, 95% CI: 1.76-2.27, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION In this large population-based study, our findings reveal a high percentage of increased serum AG in CAD. Higher AG is associated with more severe clinical types of CAD and worse cardiac function. Furthermore, the increased serum AG is an independent, significant, and strong predictor of all-cause mortality. These findings support a role for the serum AG in the risk-stratification of CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wei Yang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhou
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhao
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Tian
- Beijing Liangxiang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Wang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - De-An Jia
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Ya Han
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Shen
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Ya Wang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Zhong Pan
- Dongzhimen Hospital Eastern Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Guo
- Benq Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease; the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Da-Yi Hu
- Beijing United Family Healthcare, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Effect of Yiqi Huoxue Decoction on the metabolomics of acute myocardial infarction rats. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
28
|
Feng YQ, Ju AC, Liu CH, Wang T, Yu BY, Qi J. Protective effect of the extract of Yi-Qi-Fu-Mai preparation on hypoxia-induced heart injury in mice. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:401-6. [PMID: 27473956 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Yi-Qi-Fu-Mai (YQFM) is extensively used clinically to treat cardiovascular diseases in China. To explore the anti-hypoxia effect of the extract of YQFM preparation (EYQFM), the EYQFM (1.4, 2.8, and 5.5 g·kg(-1)·d(-1)) was assessed for its heart-protective effect in a chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) animal model (oxygen pressure 7%-8%, 20 min per day) for 28 days of treatment. Betaloc (0.151 6 g·kg(-1)·d(-1)) was used as a positive control. The histopathological analyses of heart in CIH mice were conducted. Several cardiac state parameters, such as left ventricular ejection fractions (EF), stroke volume (SV), expression of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The results showed that treatment with EYQFM markedly reversed swelling of the endothelial cells and vacuolization in the heart when compared with the model group. Further study demonstrated that EYQFM significantly improved ventricular myocardial contractility by increasing EF and SV. In addition, EYQFM inhibited the activity of CK, LDH, decreased the level of MDA and improved SOD activity. The results demonstrated that EYQFM significantly improved the tolerability of myocardium to hypoxia and ameliorated the cardiac damage in the CIH model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China
| | - Ai-Chun Ju
- Department of Technology Development, TianJin Tasly Pride Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Chun-Hua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China
| | - Bo-Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China.
| | - Jin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu C, Ju A, Zhou D, Li D, Kou J, Yu B, Qi J. Simultaneous Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Multiple Chemical Constituents in YiQiFuMai Injection by Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Ion Trap Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050640. [PMID: 27213307 PMCID: PMC6272927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
YiQiFuMai injection (YQFM) is a modern lyophilized powder preparation derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Sheng-mai san (SMS) used for treating cardiovascular diseases, such as chronic heart failure. However, its chemical composition has not been fully elucidated, particularly for the preparation derived from Ophiopogon japonicus. This study aimed to establish a systematic and reliable method to quickly and simultaneously analyze the chemical constituents in YQFM by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UFLC-IT-TOF/MS). Sixty-five compounds in YQFM were tentatively identified by comparison with reference substances or literature data. Furthermore, twenty-one compounds, including three ophiopogonins, fifteen ginsenosides and three lignans were quantified by UFLC-IT-TOF/MS. Notably, this is the first determination of steroidal saponins from O. japonicus in YQFM. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intra- and inter-day precision, reproducibility and stability were <4.9% and all analytes showed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9952) and acceptable recovery of 91.8%–104.2% (RSD ≤ 5.4%), indicating that the methods were reliable. These methods were successfully applied to quantitative analysis of ten batches of YQFM. The developed approach can provide useful and comprehensive information for quality control, further mechanistic studies in vivo and clinical application of YQFM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Aichun Ju
- Department of Technology Development, TianJin Tasly Pride Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China.
| | - Dazheng Zhou
- Department of Technology Development, TianJin Tasly Pride Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China.
| | - Dekun Li
- Department of Technology Development, TianJin Tasly Pride Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China.
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jin Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang W, Zhi D, Ren H, Wang D, Wang X, Zhang Z, Fei D, Zhu H, Li H. Shengmai Formula Ameliorates Pathological Characteristics in AD C. elegans. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 36:1291-1302. [PMID: 26886750 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Shengmai (SM) formula, a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula, is composed of Panax ginseng (Pg), Ophiopogon japonicus (Oj), and Schisandra Chinesis (Sc). SM has been clinically used to treat heart failure and ischemic heart disease. Although SM formula has been reported to be potential for fighting against Alzheimer's disease (AD) by previous works, there are many gaps in our knowledge on its usage in AD treatment on an organism level and will then need to be further clarified. In this study, transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans expressing human Aβ1-42 are used to evaluate SM formula efficacy to treat AD phenotype and to investigate its underlying mechanism. The results showed that SM formula ameliorated AD pathological characteristics of paralysis behavior and chemotaxis defect in transgenic C. elegans. With SM treatment, the number of Aβ deposits decreased, the levels of gene expressions of hsp16-2, hsp16-41, ace-1, ace-2, and TNFA1P1 homolog genes were down-regulated. Our results also showed that Oj exhibited more stronger effect on delaying paralysis in worms than Pg and Sc did, and synergistic action was observed between Pg and Oj, and Sc further enhanced the activity of Pg/Oj combination on delaying paralysis behavior. Further, SM with herbs of Pg, Oj, and Sc at a dose proportion of 9:9:6 exhibited superior therapeutic efficacy in comparison with herbs at other dose proportions. After SM formula extracted by ethanol, it delayed AD symptoms on a wider dose from 0.2 to 10.0 mg/mL with no toxic effect. These results provided more evidence for SM formula being potential to be used to treat AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Zhang
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dejuan Zhi
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhanxin Zhang
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dongqing Fei
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chemometrics applied to quality control and metabolomics for traditional Chinese medicines. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1015-1016:82-91. [PMID: 26901849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) bring a great challenge in quality control and evaluating the efficacy because of their complexity of chemical composition. Chemometric techniques provide a good opportunity for mining more useful chemical information from TCMs. Then, the application of chemometrics in the field of TCMs is spontaneous and necessary. This review focuses on the recent various important chemometrics tools for chromatographic fingerprinting, including peak alignment information features, baseline correction and applications of chemometrics in metabolomics and modernization of TCMs, including authentication and evaluation of the quality of TCMs, evaluating the efficacy of TCMs and essence of TCM syndrome. In the conclusions, the general trends and some recommendations for improving chromatographic metabolomics data analysis are provided.
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen XP, Lin YP, Hu YZ, Liu CX, Lan K, Jia W. Phytochemistry, Metabolism, and Metabolomics of Ginseng. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(15)60026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|