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Sun H, Xiao D, Li X, Sun T, Meng F, Shao X, Ding Y, Li Y. Study on the chemical composition and anti-fungi activities of anthraquinones and its glycosides from Rumex japonicus Houtt. J Nat Med 2024:10.1007/s11418-024-01834-x. [PMID: 39103726 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) and Microsporum canis Bodin Anamorph (M. canis Bodin Anamorph) are the main pathogens of dermatophysis. According to ancient books records, Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJH) has a miraculous effect on the treatment of dermatophysis. To reveal the anti-fungi (T. rubrum and M. canis Bodin Anamorph) components and its mechanism of the Rumex japonicus Houtt. The vinegar extraction and alcohol precipitation, HPLC and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were employed for analyzing the chemical compositions of RJH; in vitro anti-fungal experiment was investigated including test the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), spore germination rate, nucleic acid, protein leakage rate, biofilm structure, and the mechanism of anti-fungal and anti-fungal biofilms in RJH. Seven anthraquinones and their glycoside compounds were obtained in this study respectively, such as chrysophanol, physcion, aloe-emodin, emodin, rhein, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glucoside. In vitro anti-fungal experiment results showed that RJH extracts have good anti-fungal activity for dermatophytic fungi. Among them, the MIC of the rhein, emodin and aloe-emodin against T. rubrum are 1.9 µg/ml, 3.9 µg/ml and 15.6 µg/ml, respectively; the MIC of emodin and aloe-emodin against M. canis Bodin Anamorph are 7.8 µg/ml and 62.5 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, its active components can inhibit fungal spore germination and the formation of bud tube, change cell membrane permeability, prevent hyphal growth, destroy biofilm structure, and down-regulate the expression of agglutinin-like sequence family 1 of the adhesion phase of biofilm growth. The study shows that RJH play a fungicidal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Sun
- Department of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Xiao
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea
| | - Xue Li
- Department of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Sun
- Department of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanying Meng
- Department of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinting Shao
- Department of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Ding
- Department of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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Kim HY, Bae CH, Kim J, Lee Y, Jeon H, Kim H, Kim S. Rumex japonicus Houtt. Protects Dopaminergic Neurons by Regulating Mitochondrial Function and Gut–Brain Axis in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Parkinson’s Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010141. [PMID: 35052645 PMCID: PMC8772800 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJ) has been used to treat gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases in East Asia. However, it is unknown whether RJ can prevent PD. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of RJ in cellular and animal PD models, focused on mitochondrial function and the gut–brain axis. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with RJ (0.01 mg/mL) for 24 h, after which they were treated with the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+). MPP+-induced apoptosis increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and decreased ATP, PINK1, and DJ-1, which were inhibited by RJ. Ten-week-old C57BL/6N male mice were treated with 30 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) for 5 days and orally administered 50 or 100 mg/kg of RJ for 14 days. RJ alleviated MPTP-induced behavioral impairment, dopaminergic neuronal death, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the substantia nigra (SN) and suppressed the MPTP-induced increase in lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, α-synuclein, and apoptotic factors in the SN and colon. Moreover, RJ inhibited the MPTP-mediated disruption of the tight junction barrier in the colon and blood–brain barrier of mice. Therefore, RJ alleviates MPTP-induced inflammation and dopaminergic neuronal death by maintaining mitochondrial function and tight junctions in the brain and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Yukyoung Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8473
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WU Z, AMEER K, JIANG G. Isolation and characterization of anti-tumor compounds from ethyl acetate extract of Rumex japonicus houtt roots and their cytotoxic effects. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.05421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antiacetylcholinesterase, and Cytotoxic Activities of Rumex crispus L. Int J Anal Chem 2021; 2021:6675436. [PMID: 34306086 PMCID: PMC8272662 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6675436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rumex crispus L. (R. crispus) is regarded as an aromatic plant. It was used for its excellent biological properties in traditional medicine. The aerial part was extracted successively by maceration with three solvents increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH)) to evaluate their chemical compositions and biological activities. The extracts were rich in phenolic compounds (13.0 to 249.8 mg GAE/g of dry weight (dw)). The MeOH extract has presented remarkable IC50 = 6.2 μg/mL for anti-DPPH and 31.6 μg/mL for anti-AChE. However, the DCM extract has the highest cytotoxic activity against the two cancer cells (HCT-116 and MCF-7) (69.2 and 77.2% inhibition at 50 μg/mL, respectively). Interestingly, GC-MS analysis enabled to identify three new compounds in R. crispus extracts, such as L-(−)-arabitol (5), D-(−) fructopyranose (7) detected only in MeOH extract, and 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (3) detected in all extracts. For HPLC chromatograms, cardamonin (8), 5-hydroxy-3′-methoxyflavone (17), and 3′-hydroxy-b-naphthoflavone (18) showed the highest concentrations of 74.0, 55.5, and 50.4 mg/g of dw, respectively, among others who are identified. Some phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC in more than one organic extract, such as 4′, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (13), 4′, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (14), 5-hydroxy-3′-methoxyflavone (17), and 3′-hydroxy-b-naphthoflavone (18), were found for the first time in the R. crispus extracts. Our results showed that the biological activities of this plant might be linked to their phenolic compounds and that the polar extracts could be considered as new natural supplements to be used in food and pharmaceuticals.
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Fu JY, Jiang CX, Wu MY, Mei RY, Yang AF, Tao HP, Chen XJ, Zhang J, Huang L, Zhao XF. Theabrownin Induces Cell Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest of Oligodendroglioma and Astrocytoma in Different Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:664003. [PMID: 33995088 PMCID: PMC8119995 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.664003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Theabrownin (TB), a natural compound present in the fresh leaves of green tea, is a potential antitumor agent. However, so far whether and how TB affects glioma is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of TB on astroglioma and oligodendroglioma cells. Surprisingly, TB significantly reduced the viabilities of HOG and U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied by the upregulation of active-Casp-3, Bax, and PTEN; meanwhile, the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 was downregulated. In addition, TB treatment induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 and G2/M phases in HOG and U251 cells, respectively. TB treatment caused the downregulating of c-myc, cyclin D, CDK2, and CDK4 and upregulating of p21 and p27 in the HOG cell, while TB increased P53, p21, and p27 levels and decreased the levels of cell cycle regulator proteins such as CDK and cyclin A/B in the U251 cells. Therefore, the c-myc- and P53-related mechanisms were proposed for cell cycle arrest in these two glioma cell lines, respectively. Overall, our findings indicated that TB could be a novel candidate drug for the treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Fu
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - C X Jiang
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - M Y Wu
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - R Y Mei
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - A F Yang
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - H P Tao
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X J Chen
- Department of Physiology, Research Center of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Zhang
- Theabio Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - L Huang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X F Zhao
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Adnan M, Rasul A, Hussain G, Shah MA, Sarfraz I, Nageen B, Riaz A, Khalid R, Asrar M, Selamoglu Z, Adem Ş, Sarker SD. Physcion and Physcion 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: Natural Anthraquinones with Potential Anticancer Activities. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:488-504. [PMID: 33050858 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201013154542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nature has provided prodigious reservoirs of pharmacologically active compounds for drug development since times. Physcion and physcion 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG) are bioactive natural anthraquinones which exert anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties with minimum or no adverse effects. Moreover, physcion also exhibits anti-microbial and hepatoprotective properties, while PG is known to have anti-sepsis as well as ameliorative activities against dementia. This review aims to highlight the natural sources and anticancer activities of physcion and PG, along with associated mechanisms of actions. On the basis of the literature, physcion and PG regulate multitudinous cell signaling pathways through the modulation of various regulators of cell cycle, protein kinases, microRNAs, transcriptional factors, and apoptosis linked proteins resulting in the effective killing of cancerous cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Both compounds effectively suppress metastasis, furthermore, physcion acts as an inhibitor of 6PGD and also plays an important role in chemosensitization. This review article suggests that physcion and PG are potent anticancer drug candidates, but further investigations on their mechanism of action and pre-clinical trials are mandatory in order to comprehend the full potential of these natural cancer killers in anticancer remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Nageen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rida Khalid
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asrar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeliha Selamoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Campus 51240, Turkey
| | - Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Cankiri Karatekin University, UluyazI Campus Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, England, United Kingdom
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Tian B, Hua Z, Wang Z, Wang J. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside mediates the NLRP3-associated pyroptosis and cell metastasis in the human osteosarcoma cells via ER stress activation. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:555. [PMID: 32072190 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01836-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baogang Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.8 Zhong'nan Road, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.8 Zhong'nan Road, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijiong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.8 Zhong'nan Road, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.8 Zhong'nan Road, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu, China.
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In Vitro Antioxidant, Antiinflammation, and Anticancer Activities and Anthraquinone Content from Rumex crispus Root Extract and Fractions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080726. [PMID: 32784977 PMCID: PMC7464605 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rumex crispus is a perennial plant that grows in humid environments across Korea. Its roots are used in traditional Korean medicine to treat several diseases, including diseases of the spleen and skin and several inflammatory pathologies. In this study, different solvent fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions) from an ethanol extract of R. crispus roots were evaluated for the presence and composition of anthraquinone compounds and antioxidants by checking for such things as free radical scavenging activity, and electron and proton atom donating ability. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity was measured by NO scavenging activity and inflammatory cytokine production; furthermore, anti-cancer activity was measured by apoptosis-inducing ability. Polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds were shown to be abundant in the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions, which also exhibited strong antioxidant activity, including free radical scavenging and positive results in FRAP, TEAC, and ORAC assays. HPLC analysis revealed that the dichloromethane fractions had higher anthraquinone contents than the other fractions; the major anthraquinone compounds included chrysophanol, emodin, and physcione. In addition, results of the anti-inflammatory assays showed that the ethyl acetate fraction showed appreciable reductions in the levels of nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in Raw 264.7 cells. Furthermore, the anthraquinone-rich dichloromethane fraction displayed the highest anticancer activity when evaluated in a human hepatoma cancer cell line (HepG2), in which it induced increased apoptosis mediated by p53 and caspase activation.
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Kim HY, Jeon H, Bae CH, Lee Y, Kim H, Kim S. Rumex japonicus Houtt. alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by protecting tight junctions in mice. Integr Med Res 2020; 9:100398. [PMID: 32322483 PMCID: PMC7168767 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJ) is widely distributed in Korea, Japan, and China. The root of RJ has traditionally been used to treat constipation, jaundice, hematemesis, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and gastrointestinal diseases. According to recent studies, plants of the genus Rumex have beneficial functionalities such as anti-microbial, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by an abnormal immune response and epithelial barrier dysfunction. This study evaluates the protective effect of RJ against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Methods Male 8-week-old C57BL/6 N mice were treated with methanolic extract of RJ for 14 days, and DSS-induced groups were administered 2.5% DSS for last 7 days. After sacrifice, the length and weight of the colon were measured, and colon sections were subjected to H&E staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to investigate the changes of inflammatory cytokines, tight junction and apoptosis-related factors. Results The colon of DSS-treated mouse was significantly shorter and heavier than the normal mouse. Moreover, DSS exposure induced an increase of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, occludin, zonula occludens-1, p21, p53 and Bcl-2, and decreased the expressions of IL-10, claudin-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in the colon tissue. These DSS-induced changes were inhibited by RJ treatment. Conclusion Our results indicate that RJ effectively suppresses DSS-induced colitis by protecting tight junction connections in the colonic tissue. We therefore infer that RJ has the potential as a medicine or ingredient for treating colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yukyoung Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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Raman G, Cho SJ, Park S. The complete plastome sequence of Rumex japonicus Houtt.: a medicinal plant. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:439-440. [PMID: 33366591 PMCID: PMC7748881 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1704194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rumex japonicus is a medicinal plant distributed in East Asia. Here, we report and characterize the complete plastid genome sequence of R. japonicus and size is 159,292 bp in length and contains the typical structure and gene content of other angiosperm plastomes, including two inverted repeat regions of 30,629 bp, a large single-copy region of 85,028 bp and a small single-copy region of 13,006 bp. There are 112 unique genes, including 78 protein-coding, 30 tRNAs and 4 rRNAs. We constructed a phylogenetic tree with 14 species and the phylogenetic topologies showed that R. japonicus was closely related to Rheum wittrockii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurusamy Raman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soung Jae Cho
- Korea Environment Assessment Group, Uiwang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - SeonJoo Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Sun Y, Lenon GB, Yang AWH. Rumex japonicus Houtt.: A phytochemical, pharmacological, and pharmacokinetic review. Phytother Res 2019; 34:1198-1215. [PMID: 31849133 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJH-Yang Ti) RJH has been used as a folk medicine in East Asian countries for thousands of years. It has a wide range of therapeutic effects in terms of anti-microorganic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. Therefore, it is urgent to thoroughly review the existing knowledge for this herb from phytochemical, pharmacological, and pharmacokinetic perspectives. "Yang Ti" and its English, botanical and pharmaceutical names used as keywords to perform database search which included the Encyclopaedia of traditional Chinese Medicines, PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and China Network Knowledge Infrastructure. Forty-five compounds identified from RJH. Besides, the therapeutic effects of RJH have been summarized as well. The root of RJH contains derivatives of anthraquinones, phytosterols, nepodin, oxanthrone c-glycosides, phenolic acid, cinnamic acid, flavonoid, epoxynaphthoquinol, triterpenoids, methoxynaphthalene, trihydroxybenzene, anthracene-9,10-dione, and other compounds. The extract of RJH and its chemical compounds showed the potentials as a complementary agent to exert antioxidant, antimicrobial, antisepsis, anticancer, anti-haematological disease, anti-dermatological disease, and antidiabetic activities. For the record, there is no study conducted on RJH regarding its pharmacokinetic aspect. Notably, Emodin may require additional attention due to its multiple organ toxicity concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - George B Lenon
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angela W H Yang
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Yang X, Yan Y, Chen Y, Li J, Yang J. Involvement of NORAD/miR-608/STAT3 axis in carcinostasis effects of physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside on ovarian cancer cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2855-2865. [PMID: 31299866 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1637884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimin Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiaogan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan, China
| | - Yuhuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiaogan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiaogan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Tan S, Xu J, Lai A, Cui R, Bai R, Li S, Liang W, Zhang G, Jiang S, Liu S, Zheng M, Wang W. Curculigoside exerts significant anti‑arthritic effects in vivo and in vitro via regulation of the JAK/STAT/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2057-2064. [PMID: 30664158 PMCID: PMC6390071 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effects of curculigoside isolated from the rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn in vivo and in vitro, as well as to determine the potential underlying mechanisms. A rat model of arthritis was induced with type II collagen. Arthritic rats were treated with curculigoside (50 mg/kg) and blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-17A. Furthermore, indices of the thymus and spleen were determined. The anti-proliferative effects of curculigoside were detected with Cell Counting kit-8 assays in rheumatoid arthritis-derived fibroblast-like synoviocyte MH7A cells. In addition, expression levels of Janus kinase (JAK)1, JAK3, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3, nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 and its inhibitor (IκB) were determined by western blotting. The results revealed that curculigoside inhibited paw swelling and arthritis scores in type II collagen-induced arthritic (CIA) rats. Additionally, curculigoside decreased serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-17A in CIA rats. Curculigoside also significantly inhibited MH7A cell proliferation in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, treatment downregulated the expression of JAK1, JAK3 and STAT3, and upregulated cytosolic nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 and IκB. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that curculigoside exhibited significant anti-arthritic effects in vivo and in vitro, and the molecular mechanism may be associated with the JAK/STAT/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Tan
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Aiyun Lai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Ruomei Cui
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Ru Bai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Shaoquan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Mai Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Du Y, Lv Z, Sun D, Li Y, Sun L, Zhou J. RETRACTED:
Physcion 8‐O‐β‐Glucopyranoside Exerts Anti‐Tumor Activity Against Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer by Targeting PPARγ. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 302:785-793. [PMID: 30312015 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Lishui Central Hospital Lishui Zhejiang, 323000 China
| | - Zhuqing Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Lishui Central Hospital Lishui Zhejiang, 323000 China
| | - Debin Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Lishui Central Hospital Lishui Zhejiang, 323000 China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Lishui Central Hospital Lishui Zhejiang, 323000 China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Lishui Central Hospital Lishui Zhejiang, 323000 China
| | - Jiafeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Lishui Central Hospital Lishui Zhejiang, 323000 China
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15
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Lee K, Kim S, Lee H. Orostachys japonicus induce p53-dependent cell cycle arrest through the MAPK signaling pathway in OVCAR-3 human ovarian cancer cells. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:2395-2401. [PMID: 30510740 PMCID: PMC6261214 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Orostachys japonicus (O. japonicus) is utilized as a traditional medicine for patients with various diseases. This study investigated the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction from O. japonicus extract (OJE) on the growth inhibition of OVCAR-3 human ovarian cancer cells demonstrated to inhibit cell growth and arrest the cell cycle in OVCAR-3 cells by blocking the sub-G1 phase and decreasing cyclin E1/CDK2 expression. Cell cycle arrest was connected to the increased expression of the cell cycle regulating factors p53 and p21. Apoptosis was initiated through the intrinsic pathway by up-regulating the expression of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and down-regulating the expression of pro-caspase-3. Furthermore, OJE treatment elicited p-p38 activation and p-ERK1/2 inhibition. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that OJE reduced the growth of OVCAR-3 human ovarian cancer cells mediated by arrest of the cell cycle and regulation of MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung‐Sun Lee
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life SciencesGraduate SchoolKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Suhng‐Wook Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life SciencesGraduate SchoolKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Hyeong‐Seon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory ScienceJungwon UniversityGoesanChungbukKorea
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Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside exhibits anti-leukemic activity through targeting sphingolipid rheostat. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:853-862. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wang Q, Yan Y, Zhang J, Guo P, Xing Y, Wang Y, Qin F, Zeng Q. RETRACTED: Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside inhibits clear-cell renal cell carcinoma bydownregulating hexokinase II and inhibiting glycolysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Emodin, Physcion, and Crude Extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens Induce Mixed Cell Death, Increase in Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Inhibition of AKT in Cervical and Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2390234. [PMID: 30057674 PMCID: PMC6051077 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2390234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There have been few studies on the pharmacological properties of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens, a native Brazilian species popularly known as “fruto-de-pombo.” The aim of this study was to investigate the scavenging capacity of emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic crude extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as their role and plausible mechanisms in prompting cell death and changes in AKT phosphorylation after cervical (SiHa and C33A) and oral (HSC-3) squamous cell carcinoma treatments. Emodin was shown to be the best scavenger of NO• and O2•−, while all samples were equally effective in HOCl/OCl− capture. Emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic extract all exhibited cytotoxic effects on SiHa, C33A, HSC-3, and HaCaT (immortalized human keratinocytes, nontumorigenic cell line), involving mixed cell death (apoptosis and necrosis) independent of the caspase activation pathway. Emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic extract increased intracellular oxidative stress and DNA damage. Emodin decreased the activation of AKT in all tumor cells, physcion in HSC-3 and HaCaT cells, and the ethanolic extract in C33A and HaCaT cells, respectively. The induction of cancer cell death by emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic crude extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens was related to an increase in intracellular oxidative stress and DNA damage and a decrease in AKT activation. These molecules are therefore emerging as interesting candidates for further study as novel options to treat cervical and oral carcinomas.
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Fu WJ, Tang JJ, Wang H, Wei HY, Cai SM, Zeng ZH, Chen H, Chen ZQ. In vivo and in vitro anti-sepsis effects of physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside extracted from Rumex japonicus. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:534-539. [PMID: 28807227 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the anti-sepsis effects of physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside (POG) isolated from Rumex japonicas and explore its possible pharmacological mechanisms. POG was extracted from R. japonicas by bioactivity-guided isolation with the anti-sepsis agents. Survival analysis in septic mouse induced by LPS and heat-killed Escherichia coli were used to evaluate the protective effect of POG (40 mg·kg-1, i.p.) on sepsis. Cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS (100 ng·mL-1) were determined by ELISA. In addition, the proteins expressions of TLR2 and TLR4 were determined by Western blotting assay. Our results demonstrated that POG (40 mg·kg-1, i.p.) possessed significant protective activity on the endotoxemic mice. The POG treatment (20, 40, and 80 μg·mL-1) significantly decreased the TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 induced by LPS (P < 0.01) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the TLR4 and TLR2 proteins were also down-regulated by POG at 20 (P < 0.01), 40 (P < 0.01), and 80 μg·mL-1 (P < 0.01). The present study demonstrated that the POG extracted from R. japonicas possessed significant anti-sepsis effect on endotoxemic mice, and can be developed as a novel drug for treating sepsis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jun Fu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jian-Jun Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hong-Yun Wei
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shu-Min Cai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zeng
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhong-Qing Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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20
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Geng Q, Wei Q, Wang S, Qi H, Zhu Q, Liu X, Shi X, Wen S. Physcion 8‑O‑β‑glucopyranoside extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum exhibits anti‑proliferative and anti‑inflammatory effects on MH7A rheumatoid arthritis‑derived fibroblast‑like synoviocytes through the TGF‑β/MAPK pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:745-754. [PMID: 29717774 PMCID: PMC6034927 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effect of physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside (POGD) and its possible mechanisms. The anti-proliferative effects of POGD on MH7A cells were detected using a CCK-8 assay, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and IL-17A, were determined by ELISA. A type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model was established to evaluate the anti-arthritic effect of POGD in vivo. The paw volumes, arthritis indices and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A were determined by ELISA. The mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase-2 were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, and the expression levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)4, Smad7, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated (p-)JNK, p-P38, P38, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, ERK1/2, nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 in the nucleus (N), cytosolic NF-κB p65 (C), and inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) were determined by western blot analysis. The results indicated that POGD significantly inhibited MH7A cell growth. POGD markedly inhibited paw swelling and the arthritis indices of the CIA rats, and POGD may also inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, POGD downregulated the expression levels of TGF-β1, Smad4, NF-κB p65 (N), p38, p-p38, p-ERK1/2, JNK, p-JNK, TGF-β1, Smad4, p-JNK, JNK, p-P38, P38, p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2 and NF-κB p65 (N), and upregulated the Smad7, NF-κB p65 (C) and IκB in TNF-α induced MH7A cells. In conclusion, the results suggested that POGD is a promising potential anti-inflammatory drug, and that POGD may decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators via inhibiting the TGF-β/NF-κB/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Geng
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Qiaofeng Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Huili Qi
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Shuyun Wen
- Dezhou People's Hospital, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rheumatology, Dezhou, Shandong 253000, P.R. China
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21
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Özenver N, Saeed M, Demirezer LÖ, Efferth T. Aloe-emodin as drug candidate for cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17770-17796. [PMID: 29707146 PMCID: PMC5915154 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a leading cause of global mortality, cancer frequently cannot be cured due to the development of drug resistance. Therefore, novel drugs are required. Naturally occurring anthraquinones are mostly present in Rumex and Rhamnus species and are of interest because of their structural similarity to anthracyclines as well established anticancer drugs. In the present study, we focused on the structural elucidation of phytochemicals from R. acetosella as well as the investigation of cytotoxicity and modes of action of the main anthraquinone aglycons (emodin, Aloe-emodin, physcion, rhein). Resazurin reduction and protease viability marker assays were conducted to test their cytotoxicity. Microarray-based gene expression profiling was performed to identify cellular pathways affected by the compounds, which was validated by qPCR analyses and functional assays. Flow cytometry was used to measure cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and necrosis, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The comet assay was used to detect DNA damage. Aloe-emodin as the most cytotoxic compound revealed IC50 values from 9.872 μM to 22.3 μM in drug-sensitive wild-type cell lines and from 11.19 μM to 33.76 μM in drug-resistant sublines, was selected to investigate its mechanism against cancer. Aloe-emodin-induced S phase arrest, ROS generation, DNA damage and apoptosis. Microarray hybridization revealed a profile of deregulated genes in Aloe-emodin-treated CCRF-CEM cells with diverse functions such as cell death and survival, cellular growth and proliferation, cellular development, gene expression, cellular function and maintenance. Aloe-emodin as well as R. acetosella deserve further investigations as possible antineoplastic drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadire Özenver
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mohamed Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lütfiye Ömur Demirezer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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22
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Sharma R, Jandrotia R, Singh B, Sharma U, Kumar D. Comprehensive Metabolomics Study of Traditionally Important Rumex Species Found in Western Himalayan Region. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rumex species are traditionally known to cure constipation, pain, inflammation, ulcer and tumor. The biological potential of Rumex nepalens is lies in chemical diversity of its constituents. In the present study, UPLC-DAD-MS method was developed for the concurrent estimation of polyphenols in Rumex species ( R. nepalensis, R. hastatus and R. dentatus) and validated for linearity (r2 > 0.999), limit of quantification and detection, inter and intraday precession, stabilities and recovery. The developed method has also been employed for metabolomic analysis of Rumex species. Qualitative and quantitative variation of polyphenols was observed among the aerial and root parts of Rumex species with highest content of polyphenol detected in aerial part of R. nepalensis. The quantitative data based matrix and HCA plot represents the variation of metabolites among the samples. R. nepalensis being widely used in traditional practices, was incorporated in detail. A total of seven molecules were isolated and characterized among which three compounds viz. 3- O- methyl epicatechin, quercetin-3- O- β-D-glucuronide and β-sitosterol-3- O- β-D-glucoside were isolated for first time from this plant. Eighteen metabolites were profiled in R. nepalensis using UPLC-MS/MS technique. Current comprehensive metabolomics approach will surely help in understanding the chemical diversity, discriminations and quality control analysis of raw materials and furnished products of Rumex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
| | - Rupali Jandrotia
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Bikram Singh
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
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RETRACTED: Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranosideregulates cell cycle, apoptosis, and invasion in glioblastoma cells through modulating Skp2. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1129-1138. [PMID: 28922732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).
This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief, following the initial request of the corresponding author. The journal has further requested the author to provide explanations for the figure similarities with papers previously published by different authors. However, the author was not able to fulfil the request.
The panels U251/PG+Skp2 cDNA from Figure 4E and U251/Vehicle from Figure 6D appear similar to the panels SOX2 shRNA from Figure 3D and CoCl2 from Figure 6B of the article previously published by Yan-tao Han, Xue-hong Chen, Hui Gao, Jun-li Ye and Chun-bo Wang in Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 37(2) (2016) 264–275 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753366/.
The panel U251/PG from Figure 6B appears similar to the panel KYSE30/miR-370 mimic + PIM1 vector from Figure 5D of the article previously published by Yantao Han, Xiuwei Yang, Ning Zhao, Jianjun Peng, Hui Gao and Xia Qiu in the American Journal of Cancer Research 6(12) (2016) 2755–2771 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5199752/.
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Gao F, Liu W, Guo Q, Bai Y, Yang H, Chen H. Physcion blocks cell cycle and induces apoptosis in human B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells by downregulating HOXA5. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:850-857. [PMID: 28810515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) presents the most common type of malignancy in children and ranks the third most common cancer in adults. This study is aimed to investigate the anti-leukemia activity of physcion in ALL. Our results have showed that physcion could significantly suppress cell growth, induce apoptosis and blocked cell cycle progression in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that physcion downregulated the expression of HOXA5, which is responsible for the anti-leukemia activity of physcion. To verify this finding, siRNA targeting HOXA5 and overexpressing plasmid were used to repress HOXA5 expression and introduce ectopic overexpression of HOXA5 in ALL cell lines, respectively. Our results showed that overexpression of HOXA5 significantly abrogated the inducing effect of physcion on apoptosis and cell cycle blockasde. In contrast, knockdown of HOXA5 by siRNA enhanced the anti-tumor effect of physcion on ALL cell lines. Our results provided experimental base for the use of physcion in the treatment of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongqi Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
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Li L, Zhao R, Li Y, Wang WH. Antitumor activity of 2-[(2E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl]-6-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione isolated from the aerial part of Atractylodes macrocephala in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6299-6305. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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26
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El-Kashak WA, Elshamy AI, Mohamed TA, El Gendy AENG, Saleh IA, Umeyama A. Rumpictuside A: Unusual 9,10-anthraquinone glucoside from Rumex pictus Forssk. Carbohydr Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang Q, Jiang Y, Guo R, Lv R, Liu T, Wei H, Ming H, Tian X. Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside suppresses tumor growth of Hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating PIM1. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:451-458. [PMID: 28570979 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents one of leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwidely. This study is aimed to investigate the anti-tumor activity of physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside (PG) in HCC. Our results have showed that PG significantly suppresses cell growth and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. At molecular level, PG represses the expression of Pim family kinases 1 (PIM1), which is responsible for the anti-tumor effect of PG in HCC. Ectopic over-expression of PIM1 significantly abrogates the suppressing effect of PG on cell growth and inducing effect of PG on apoptosis. In contrast, knockdown of PIM1 by siRNA enhances the anti-tumor effect of PG in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tai'an city Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Yunyun Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tai'an city Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Renle Guo
- The Department of Vascular Surgery, Tai'an city Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Rongbin Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Tai'an city Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery Tai'an city Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Hongji Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tai'an city Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Hanxin Ming
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tai'an city Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Xingsong Tian
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
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Patočka J, Navrátilová Z, Ovando M. BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF KNOTWEED (Reynoutria spp.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2017.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Chen X, Guo H, Li F, Fan D. Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside suppresses the metastasis of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo by modulating DNMT1. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Xiong Y, Ren L, Wang Z, Hu Z, Zhou Y. Anti-proliferative Effect of Physcion on Human Gastric Cell Line via Inducing ROS-Dependent Apoptosis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 73:537-543. [PMID: 27352350 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-015-0674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the anti-proliferative effect of physcion, an anthraquinone derivative isolated and characterized from both terrestrial and marine sources, against human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells was investigated and the underlying mechanisms were explored. Physcion reduced SGC-7901 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as demonstrated by MTT assay. It triggered the mitochondrial/caspase apoptotic pathway indicated by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release. Moreover, physcion induced a sustained activation of the phosphorylation of AMPK, and compound C (an inhibitor of AMPK) significantly reversed physcion-induced apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells. In addition, physcion provoked the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SGC-7901 cells, while the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine almost completely blocked physcion-induced AMPK activation and apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that physcion induces apoptosis through a ROS/AMPK-dependent mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongqiong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengchuan Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yejiang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Wu F, Zhou L, Jin W, Yang W, Wang Y, Yan B, Du W, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Guo Y, Zhang J, Shan L, Efferth T. Anti-Proliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effect of Theabrownin against Non-small Cell Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:465. [PMID: 27994550 PMCID: PMC5133245 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the highest cancer incidence rate, lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the leading cause of cancer death in the world. Tea (leaves of Camellia sinensis) has been widely used as a traditional beverage beneficial to human health, including anti-NSCLC activity. Theabrownin (TB) is one major kind of tea pigment responsible for the beneficial effects of tea liquor. However, its effect on NSCLC is unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effect of TB on NSCLC (A549) cells, using MTT assay, morphological observation (DAPI staining), in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and annexin-V/PI flow cytometry. Subsequently, the expression of several genes associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by real time PCR assay to explore its potential underlying mechanism. TB was revealed to inhibit cell proliferation of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. Morphological observation, TUNEL assay and flow cytometric analysis evidenced an apoptosis-inducing effect of TB on A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The real time PCR assay demonstrated that TB down-regulated the expression of TOPO I, TOPO II, and BCL-2, and up-regulated the expression of E2F1, P53, GADD45, BAX, BIM, and CASP 3,7,8,9, which suggests an activation of P53-mediated apoptotic (caspase-dependent) pathway in response to TB treatment. The western blot analysis showed a similar trend for the corresponding protein expression (P53, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 3,9, and PARP) and further revealed DNA damage as a trigger of the apoptosis (phosphorylation of histone H2A.X). Accordingly, TB can be speculated as a DNA damage inducer and topoisomerase (Topo I and Topo II) inhibitor that can up-regulate P53 expression and subsequently modulate the expression of the downstream genes to induce cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of A549 cells. Our results indicate that TB exhibits its anti-NSCLC activity via a P53-dependent mechanism, which may be a promising candidate of natural product for anti-cancer drug development in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wu
- Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Ltd.Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Wangdong Jin
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Weiji Yang
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Wenlin Du
- Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Ltd.Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Ltd.Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Guo
- Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Ltd.Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Letian Shan
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz, Germany
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Zhang D, Han Y, Xu L. Upregulation of miR-124 by physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside inhibits proliferation and invasion of malignant melanoma cells via repressing RLIP76. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:166-176. [PMID: 27657824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most malignant type of skin cancer. In recent years, mounting studies have evidenced the involvement of miRNAs in melanoma. One of these miRNAs, miR-124 has been found aberrantly downregulated in a variety of human malignancies. In this study, our results showed that the expression of miR-124 was significantly lower in malignant melanoma tissues and cell lines and miR-124 functioned as a tumor suppressor in melanoma. Moreover, our findings showed that miR-124 exerted anti-tumor effect by directly targeting RLIP76, a stress-inducible non-ABC transporter that plays a crucial role in the development of melanoma. Furthermore, our study also showed that physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside, a natural compound from medicinal plant, could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells by targeting miR-124/RLIP76 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yantao Han
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
| | - Luo Xu
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
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The Hair Growth-Promoting Effect of Rumex japonicus Houtt. Extract. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:1873746. [PMID: 27974900 PMCID: PMC5128716 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1873746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Rumex japonicus Houtt. is traditionally used as a medicinal plant to treat patients suffering from skin disease in Korea. However, the beneficial effect of Rumex japonicus Houtt. on hair growth has not been thoroughly examined. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the hair growth-promoting effect of Rumex japonicus (RJ) Houtt. root extract using human dermal papilla cells (DPCs), HaCaT cells, and C57BL/6 mice model. RJ induced antiapoptotic and proliferative effects on DPCs and HaCaT cells by increasing Bcl-2/Bax ratio and activating cellular proliferation-related proteins, ERK and Akt. RJ also increased β-catenin via the inhibition of GSK-3β. In C57BL/6 mice model, RJ promoted the anagen induction and maintained its period. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that RJ upregulated Ki-67 and β-catenin expressions, suggesting that the hair growth effect of RJ may be mediated through the reinforcement of hair cell proliferation. These results provided important insights for the possible mechanism of action of RJ and its potential as therapeutic agent to promote hair growth.
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Xing Y, Yan Y, Guo P, Zhuang J, Qin F, Zhang J. RETRACTED: Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside induces apoptosis, suppresses invasion and inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:372-380. [PMID: 27416558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Panels from Figure 4A appear similar to panels from Figure 1 of the article previously published by Z. Ding, F. Xu, J. Tang, G. Li, P. Jiang, Z. Tang and H. Wu in Neoplasma 63(3) (2016) 351–361 http://www.elis.sk/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.tpl&product_id=4703&category_id=128&option=com_virtuemart&vmcchk=1&Itemid=1. One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that the paper has not been previously published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a misuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yuqing Xing
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jianguang Zhuang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Fawei Qin
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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Wang Z, Yang H. EMMPRIN, SP1 and microRNA-27a mediate physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1331-1344. [PMID: 27429847 PMCID: PMC4937736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside (PG), the main active ingredient of Rumex japonicus, induces apoptosis and causes cell cycle arrest in human lung cancer cells. However, its anti-tumor effects are not fully understood. In this study, we explored the mechanisms underlying PG induced apoptosis in the osteosarcoma cell line MG-63. Our results showed that PG exerted anti-proliferative effects and induced apoptosis in MG-63 cells via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cytochrome C release from the mitochondria. In addition, physcion treatment significantly inhibited extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) expression in MG-63 cells, in a dose-dependent manner; meanwhile, EMMPRIN protein overexpression markedly reduced PG-induced apoptosis. Moreover, our findings suggested that the modulatory effects of PG on EMMPRIN were due, at least in part, to regulation of an ROS-miR-27a/ZBTB10-Sp1 transcription factor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University No 188, Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University No 188, Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
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Liu MD, Xiong SJ, Tan F, Liu Y. Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via suppressing survivin expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:687-97. [PMID: 27063218 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM A previous study has shown that physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside (PG) derived from Rumex japonicusHoutt causes apoptosis and blocks cell cycle progression in human lung cancer cells. In the present study we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying PG-induced cancer cell apoptosis. METHODS Human OSCC-derived cell line KB was treated PG (10, 20, 50 μg/mL). Cell apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and release of cytochome C from mitochondria were measured; the expression of relevant signaling proteins was analyzed using Western blotting or qRT-PCR. For evaluation of in vivo anticancer action, nude mice grafted with KB cells were treated with PG (10, 20, 40 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ip) for 24 days. RESULTS PG dose-dependently suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in KB cells. PG-induced apoptosis was mediated via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, as evidenced by the decreased Bcl-2, increased Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as the loss of MMP, caspase-9 activation, and increased cytosolic cytochrome c. Furthermore, PG suppressed the expression of survivin, whereas overexpression of survivin markedly attenuated PG-induced apoptosis. Meanwhile PG increased the expression of tumor suppressor PTEN, and decreased p-Akt, p-GSK3β and miR-21 levels. Pharmacological activation of Akt/GSK3β signaling or transfection with miR-21 mimic abolished PG-induced survivin reduction and cell apoptosis. Similar results were observed in PG-treated nude mice grafted with KB cells. CONCLUSION Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of human OSCC cells by suppressing survivin expression via miR-21/PTEN/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway.
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Li X, Zhang C, Bian Q, Gao N, Zhang X, Meng Q, Wu S, Wang S, Xia Y, Chen R. Integrative functional transcriptomic analyses implicate specific molecular pathways in pulmonary toxicity from exposure to aluminum oxide nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:957-69. [PMID: 26830206 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2016.1149632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression profiling has developed rapidly in recent years and it can predict and define mechanisms underlying chemical toxicity. Here, RNA microarray and computational technology were used to show that aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) were capable of triggering up-regulation of genes related to the cell cycle and cell death in a human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Gene expression levels were validated in Al2O3 NPs exposed A549 cells and mice lung tissues, most of which showed consistent trends in regulation. Gene-transcription factor network analysis coupled with cell- and animal-based assays demonstrated that the genes encoding PTPN6, RTN4, BAX and IER play a role in the biological responses induced by the nanoparticle exposure, which caused cell death and cell cycle arrest in the G2/S phase. Further, down-regulated PTPN6 expression demonstrated a core role in the network, thus expression level of PTPN6 was rescued by plasmid transfection, which showed ameliorative effects of A549 cells against cell death and cell cycle arrest. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using gene expression profiling to predict cellular responses induced by nanomaterials, which could be used to develop a comprehensive knowledge of nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China
| | - Qian Bian
- b Department of Toxicology and Function Assessment , Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control , Nanjing , China
| | - Na Gao
- c Institute of Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University , Dusseldorf , Germany
| | - Xin Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China
| | - Shenshen Wu
- a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yankai Xia
- d Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China , and
| | - Rui Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China .,e State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , China
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Ahmad S, Ullah F, Ayaz M, Zeb A, Ullah F, Sadiq A. Antitumor and anti-angiogenic potentials of isolated crude saponins and various fractions of Rumex hastatus D. Don. Biol Res 2016; 49:18. [PMID: 26969307 PMCID: PMC4788867 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-016-0079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer, being the foremost challenge of the modern era and the focus of world-class investigators, gargantuan research is in progress worldwide to explore novel therapeutic for its management. The exploitation of natural sources has been proven to be an excellent approach to treat or minify the excessive angiogenesis and proliferation of cells. Similarly, based the ethnomedicinal uses and literature survey, the current study is designed to explore the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic potentials of Rumexhastatus. Anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activities were carried out using potato-disc model and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay respectively. Moreover, R. hastatus was also assessed for antibacterial activity against Agrobacteriumtumefaciens (tumor causing bacterial strain). The positive controls used in anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic and antibacterial activities were vincristine sulphate, dexamethasone and cefotaxime respectively. Results The crude saponins (Rh.Sp), methanolic extract (Rh.Cr) and other solvent extracts like n-hexane (Rh.Hex), chloroform (Rh.Chf), ethylacetate (Rh.EtAc) and aqueous fraction (Rh.Aq) exhibited notable anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activities. In potato tumor assay, the chloroform and saponin fractions were observed to be the most effective showing 86.7 and 93.3 % tumor inhibition at 1000 µg/ml with IC50 values 31.6 and 18.1 µg/ml respectively. Similarly, these two samples i.e., chloroform and saponins also excelled among the entire test samples in anti-angiogenic evaluation exhibiting 81.6 % (IC50 = 17.9 µg/ml) and 78.9 % (IC50 = 64.9 µg/ml) at 1000 µg/ml respectively. In contrast, the antibacterial investigations revealed a negligible potential against A. tumefaciens. Conclusion Based on our results we can claim that R. hastatus possesses both anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic potentials. In all of the solvent fractions, Rh.Chf and Rh.Sp were most effective against tumor and angiogenesis while having negligible activity against A. tumefaciens. It can be concluded that Rh.Chf and Rh.Sp might be potential targets in the isolation of natural product having anti-neoplastic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), 18000, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), 18000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), 18000, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Zeb
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), 18000, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), 26000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), 18000, Pakistan.
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Antitumor Effects and Mechanism of Novel Emodin Rhamnoside Derivatives against Human Cancer Cells In Vitro. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144781. [PMID: 26682731 PMCID: PMC4684281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel anthracene L-rhamnopyranosides compounds were designed and synthesized and their anti-proliferative activities on cancer cell lines were investigated. We found that one derivative S-8 (EM-d-Rha) strongly inhibited cell proliferation of a panel of different human cancer cell lines including A549, HepG2, OVCAR-3, HeLa and K562 and SGC-790 cell lines, and displayed IC50 values in low micro-molar ranges, which are ten folds more effective than emodin. In addition, we found EM-d-Rha (3-(2”,3”-Di-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-2’,3’-di-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-emodin) substantially induced cellular apoptosis of HepG2 and OVCAR-3 cells in the early growth stage. Furthermore, EM-d-Rha led to the decrease of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and up-regulated the express of cells apoptosis factors in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The results indicated the EM-d-Rha may inhibit the growth and proliferation of HepG2 cells through the pathway of apoptosis induction, and the possible molecular mechanism may due to the activation of intrinsic apoptotic signal pathway.
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Chen X, Gao H, Han Y, Ye J, Xie J, Wang C. RETRACTED: Physcion induces mitochondria-driven apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via downregulating EMMPRIN. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 764:124-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hong JY, Chung HJ, Bae SY, Trung TN, Bae K, Lee SK. Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Physcion, an Anthraquinone Isolated From Rhubarb (Rhizomes of Rheum tanguticum), in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells. J Cancer Prev 2015; 19:273-8. [PMID: 25574462 PMCID: PMC4285958 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2014.19.4.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Physcion is an anthraquinone from rhubarb (rhizomes of Rheum tanguticum) and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antifungal, and anti-cancer activities. However, the growth inhibitory activity against human cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms have been poorly determined. This study was designed to investigate the anti-proliferative activity of physcion by induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cell line. Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with physcion, and the anti-proliferative activity was evaluated by the sulforhodamine B assay. The mechanisms of action for the growth inhibitory activity of physcion were evaluated by flow cytometry for cell cycle distribution, and by Western blot for the assessment of potential target proteins. Results: Physcion showed a significant anti-proliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that physcion markedly induced the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase and the increase of cell population in the sub-G1 phase. The G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by physcion was associated with the down-regulation of Cyclin D1, Cyclin A, CDK4, CDK2, c-Myc and phosphorylated Rb protein expressions. The increase of sub-G1 peak by physcion was closely correlated with the induction of apoptosis, which was confirmed by the induction of cleaved poly-(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase, activation of Caspases, and suppression of Bid and Bcl-2 expression. Conclusions: The induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis might be one of the plausible mechanisms of actions for the anti-proliferative activity of physcion in human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa-Jin Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song Yi Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Trinh Nam Trung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - KiHwan Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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