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Mahnashi MH, Alqahtani YS, Alyami BA, Alqarni AO, Alqahl SA, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Zeb A, Ghufran M, Kuraev A, Nawaz A, Ayaz M. HPLC-DAD phenolics analysis, α-glucosidase, α-amylase inhibitory, molecular docking and nutritional profiles of Persicaria hydropiper L. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:26. [PMID: 35086537 PMCID: PMC8793238 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural phenolic compounds and Phenolics-rich medicinal plants are also of great interest in the management of diabetes. The current study was aimed to analyze phenolics in P. hydropiepr L extracts via HPLC-DAD analysis and assess their anti-diabetic potentials using in-vitro and in-silico approaches. METHODS Plant crude methanolic extract (Ph.Cme) was evaluated for the presence of phenolic compounds using HPLC-DAD analysis. Subsequently, samples including crude (Ph.Cr), hexane (Ph.Hex), chloroform (Ph.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ph.EtAc), butanol (Ph.Bt), aqueous (Ph.Aq) and saponins (Ph.Sp) were tested for α-glucsidase and α-amylase inhibitory potentials and identified compounds were docked against these target enzymes using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. Fractions were also analyzed for the nutritional contents and acute toxicity was performed in animals. RESULTS In HPLC-DAD analysis of Ph.Cme, 24 compounds were indentfied and quantified. Among these, Kaemferol-3-(p-coumaroyl-diglucoside)-7-glucoside (275.4 mg g- 1), p-Coumaroylhexose-4-hexoside (96.5 mg g- 1), Quercetin-3-glucoronide (76.0 mg g- 1), 4-Caffeoylquinic acid (58.1 mg g- 1), Quercetin (57.9 mg g- 1), 5,7,3'-Trihydroxy-3,6,4',5'-tetramethoxyflavone (55.5 mg g- 1), 5-Feruloylquinic acid (45.8 mg g- 1), Cyanidin-3-glucoside (26.8 mg g- 1), Delphinidin-3-glucoside (24 mg g- 1), Quercetin-3-hexoside (20.7 mg g- 1) were highly abundant compounds. In α-glucosidase inhibition assay, Ph.Sp were most effective with IC50 value of 100 μg mL-1. Likewise in α-amylase inhibition assay, Ph.Chf, Ph.Sp and Ph.Cme were most potent fractions displayed IC50 values of 90, 100 and 200 μg mL-1 respectively. Docking with the α-glucosidase enzyme revealed top ranked conformations for majority of the compounds with Kaemferol-3-(p-coumaroyl-diglucoside)-7-glucoside as the most active compound with docking score of - 19.80899, forming 14 hydrogen bonds, two pi-H and two pi-pi linkages with the Tyr 71, Phe 158, Phe 177, Gln 181, Arg 212, Asp 214, Glu 276, Phe 300, Val 303, Tyr 344, Asp 349, Gln 350, Arg 439, and Asp 408 residues of the enzyme. Likewise, docking with α-amylase revealed that most of the compounds are well accommodated in the active site residues (Trp 59, Tyr 62, Thr 163, Leu 165, Arg 195, Asp 197, Glu 240, Asp 300, His 305, Asp 356) of the enzyme and Cyanidin-3-rutinoside displayed most active compound with docking score of - 15.03757. CONCLUSIONS Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of highly valuable phenolic compounds, which might be responsible for the anti-diabetic potentials of the plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar A. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali O. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), KP 18000 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), KP 18000 Pakistan
| | - Alam Zeb
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), KP 18000 Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Pathology, MTI Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Alexey Kuraev
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University), 73, Zemlyanoy Val St, Moscow, Russian Federation 109004
| | - Asif Nawaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), KP 18000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), KP 18000 Pakistan
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Farouk SM, Gad FAM, Emam MA. Comparative immuno-modulatory effects of basil and sesame seed oils against diazinon-induced toxicity in rats; a focus on TNF-α immunolocalization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:5332-5346. [PMID: 32964385 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Diazinon (DZN), a common organophosphorus insecticide (OPI), has hazardous effect to human and animals with its ubiquitous use. Considering the implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the OPIs toxicity, the present study was aimed to evaluate the ameliorative properties of basil (BO) and sesame (SO) seed oils against the toxic effect of DZN. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four experimental groups (n = 10 rats/group); control, DZN (10 mg/kg b.w/day), DZN + BO (5 ml/kg b.w/day), and DZN + SO (8 ml/kg b.w/day) groups, treated for a period of 4 weeks. DZN-exposed animals showed significant elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (Cr) with a significant decline in testosterone level compared with control. On the other hand, DZN + BO and DZN + SO groups revealed significant decreases in ALT, AST, BUN, and Cr with a significant increase in testosterone level when compared with DZN-exposed animals. Oxidative/antioxidant indices revealed significant increases of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels along with significant decreases of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), and catalase (CAT) activities among DZN-treated rats compared with control. Distinctly lower levels of MDA and increased activities of SOD, Gpx, and CAT were evident in both DZN + BO and DZN + SO groups when compared with DZN-exposed animals. Inflammatory and immuno-modulatory markers assessment showed a significant increase in TNF-α with a significant decline in IL-10 level in DZN group; meanwhile, both DZN + BO and DZN + SO groups revealed significant declines in levels of TNF-α with significant increases in IL-10. Corresponds immunohistochemistry, the total scores (TS) of TNF-α immunostainings in hepatorenal, testicular, and epididymal tissues of control, DZN + BO and DZN + SO groups were significantly lower than those values of DZN group. Additionally, the examined tissues of DZN + BO group revealed significant lower TS of TNF-α immunostaining compared with DZN + SO group. The overall data suggested that both BO and SO can be efficiently used as preventive herbal compounds against DZN-induced oxidative stress with special reference to their possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and free radical activities. However, BO has more potent protective effect against DZN-induced tissue injury at both immunohistochemical and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Mohamed Farouk
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Abdel-Monem Gad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, 13736, Egypt
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Abd El-Hameed AM, Mahmoud HS. Cypermethrin induced apoptosis and testicular toxicity by upregulation of p53 in the brain and testis of male rats is alleviated by Sesame oil. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2020.1822057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanan S. Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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Fuji Y, Uchida A, Fukahori K, Chino M, Ohtsuki T, Matsufuji H. Chemical characterization and biological activity in young sesame leaves (Sesamum indicum L.) and changes in iridoid and polyphenol content at different growth stages. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194449. [PMID: 29584748 PMCID: PMC5870955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Three iridoids (lamalbid (I1), sesamoside (I2) and shanzhiside methyl ester (I3)) and seven polyphenols (cistanoside F (P1), chlorogenic acid (P2), pedalitin-6-O-laminaribioside (P3), pedaliin (P4), isoacteoside (P6), pedalitin (P7) and martynoside (P8)) were identified in young sesame leaves (Sesamum indicum L.) other than the acteoside (P5) reported previously. P3 was a new compound, and I1, I3, P2 and P8 were found in a species of Sesamum for the first time. HPLC analyses revealed that the compounds I1 (0.29-1.75% of dry leaves), I2 (0.38-0.87%), I3 (0.04-1.07%), P4 (0.01-2.05%) and P5 (0.13-4.86%) were present primarily in young sesame leaves and were found in plants cultivated on different farms (plant height, 30-70 cm). Of the identified compounds, P5 and P6 showed high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and in vitro antiglycation activities. Given its content, P5 makes a major contribution to the biological activities of young sesame leaves. The compounds were examined at six different growth stages of plants cultured in a greenhouse to determine the optimum harvest stage and for end-use assessment. P5 accumulated in the leaves during growth, and the content reached a maximum of 12.9% of dry leaves in the 4th stage (plant height, 74.5±9.7 cm), which is one of the highest percentages reported in plants from nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushiro Fuji
- Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayumi Uchida
- Wadaman Science Co., Ltd, Nijoden-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Chino
- Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohtsuki
- Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsufuji
- Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Ayaz M, Junaid M, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Subhan F, Khan MA, Ahmad W, Ali G, Imran M, Ahmad S. Molecularly Characterized Solvent Extracts and Saponins from Polygonum hydropiper L. Show High Anti-Angiogenic, Anti-Tumor, Brine Shrimp, and Fibroblast NIH/3T3 Cell Line Cytotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:74. [PMID: 27065865 PMCID: PMC4814464 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygonum hydropiper is used as anti-cancer and anti-rheumatic agent in folk medicine. This study was designed to investigate the anti-angiogenic, anti-tumor, and cytotoxic potentials of different solvent extracts and isolated saponins. Samples were analyzed using GC, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify major and bioactive compounds. Quantitation of antiangiogenesis for the plant's samples including methanolic extract (Ph.Cr), its subsequent fractions; n-hexane (Ph.Hex), chloroform (Ph.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ph.EtAc), n-Butanol (Ph.Bt), aqueous (Ph.Aq), saponins (Ph.Sp) were performed using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Potato disc anti-tumor assay was performed on Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing tumor inducing plasmid. Cytotoxicity was performed against Artemia salina and mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH/3T3 cell line following contact toxicity and MTT cells viability assays, respectively. The GC-MS analysis of Ph.Cr, Ph.Hex, Ph.Chf, Ph.Bt, and Ph.EtAc identified 126, 124, 153, 131, and 164 compounds, respectively. In anti-angiogenic assay, Ph.Chf, Ph.Sp, Ph.EtAc, and Ph.Cr exhibited highest activity with IC50 of 28.65, 19.21, 88.75, and 461.53 μg/ml, respectively. In anti-tumor assay, Ph.Sp, Ph.Chf, Ph.EtAc, and Ph.Cr were most potent with IC50 of 18.39, 73.81, 217.19, and 342.53 μg/ml, respectively. In MTT cells viability assay, Ph.Chf, Ph.EtAc, Ph.Sp were most active causing 79.00, 72.50, and 71.50% cytotoxicity, respectively, at 1000 μg/ml with the LD50 of 140, 160, and 175 μg/ml, respectively. In overall study, Ph.Chf and Ph.Sp have shown overwhelming results which signifies their potentials as sources of therapeutic agents against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Subhan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of PeshawarPeshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mir Azam Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Gowhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of PeshawarPeshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
- H.E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of KarachiKarachi, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of MalakandKhyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
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In vitro vasodilatory effect of aqueous leaf extract of Thymus serrulatus on thoracic aorta of Guinea pigs. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(15)30164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Ayaz M, Junaid M, Subhan F, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Ahmad S, Imran M, Kamal Z, Hussain S, Shah SM. Heavy metals analysis, phytochemical, phytotoxic and anthelmintic investigations of crude methanolic extract, subsequent fractions and crude saponins from Polygonum hydropiper L. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:465. [PMID: 25472835 PMCID: PMC4289404 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonum hydropiper L decoctions are traditionally used in the treatment of various ailments including inflammation, dyspepsia, diarrhea, menorrhagia, hemorrhoids, helminthiasis and CNS disorders. Present study was undertaken to investigate P. hydropiper L. for heavy metals content, phytoconstituents, Phytotoxic and anthelmintic activities to explore its toxicological and pharmacological potentials and rationalize its ethnomedicinal uses. METHODS Plant crude powder, methanolic extract, fractions and soil samples were analyzed for heavy metals using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the plant extracts was carried out for the existence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, anthraquinones, saponins, terpenoids, sterols and tannins. Radish seeds phytotoxicity assay was used to study phytotoxic action of plant extracts. Pheretima posthuma and Ascaridia galli were used to study anthelmintic potential of the plant using albendazole and levamisole HCl as standard drugs. RESULTS Plant crude powder, methanolic extract (Ph.Cr), its subsequent fractions; n-hexane (Ph.Hex), chloroform (Ph.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ph.EtAc), n-Butanol (Ph.Bt), aqueous (Ph.Aq), saponins (Ph.Sp) and soil samples were found to contain copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in different concentrations. In crude powder of the plant, heavy metals concentrations were within WHO specified limits, whereas different fractions and soil samples exhibited high metals content. Ph.Cr was tested positive for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and anthraquinone glycosides. Among different fractions Ph.EtAc, Ph.Sp, Ph.Chf and Ph.Bt were most effective causing 89.32, 89.25, 86.68 and 85.32% inhibition of seeds in phytotoxicity assay, with IC50 values of 50, 60, 35 and 100 μg/ml respectively. In anthelmintic study, Ph.Sp, Ph.Chf, Ph.EtAc and Ph.Cr were most effective against P. posthuma at 10 mg/ml concentration with an average death time of 50, 64.67, 68.67 and 71 minutes respectively. Ph.EtAc, Ph.Chf and Ph.Aq were most effective against A. galli with average death time of 7, 9 and 10 min respectively at 1 mg/ml concentration. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that P. hydropiper contains different heavy metals and secondary metabolites. Different fractions exhibited phytotoxic and anthelmintic activites comparable to control drugs, thus provide pharmacological basis for ethnomedicinal uses of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- />Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 18000, KPK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- />Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 18000, KPK Pakistan
| | - Fazal Subhan
- />Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- />Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 18000, KPK Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- />Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 18000, KPK Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- />Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 18000, KPK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- />Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 18000, KPK Pakistan
| | - Zul Kamal
- />Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal (Dir Upper), Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Hussain
- />Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Syed Majid Shah
- />Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat, Kohat, Pakistan
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Ayaz M, Junaid M, Ahmed J, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Ahmad S, Imran M. Phenolic contents, antioxidant and anticholinesterase potentials of crude extract, subsequent fractions and crude saponins from Polygonum hydropiper L. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:145. [PMID: 24884823 PMCID: PMC4018186 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated Polygonum hydropiper L. (P. hydropiper) for phenolic contents, antioxidant, anticholinesterase activities, in an attempt to rationalize its use in neurological disorders. METHODS Plant crude extract (Ph.Cr), its subsequent fractions: n-hexane (Ph.Hex), chloroform (Ph.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ph.EtAc), n-Butanol (Ph.Bt), aqueous (Ph.Aq) and saponins (Ph.Sp) were evaluated for 1,1-diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging potential. Further, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) & butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities were performed using Ellman's assay. Moreover, total phenolic contents of plant extracts were determined and expressed in mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry sample (mg GAE/g dry weight). RESULTS Among different fractions, Ph.Cr (90.82), Ph.Chf (178.16), Ph.EtAc (203.44) and Ph.Bt (153.61) exhibited high phenolic contents. All fractions showed concentration dependent DPPH scavenging activity, with Ph.EtAc 71.33% (IC50 15 μg/ml), Ph.Bt 71.40% (IC50 3 μg/ml) and Ph.Sp 71.40% (IC50 35 μg/ml) were most potent. The plant extracts exhibited high ABTS scavenging ability i.e. Ph.Bt (91.03%), Ph.EtAc (90.56%), Ph.Sp (90.84%), Ph.Aq (90.56%) with IC50<0.01 μg/ml. All fractions showed moderate to high AChE inhibitory activity as; Ph.Cr, 86.87% (IC50 330 μg/ml), Ph.Hex, 87.49% (IC50 35 μg/ml), Ph.Chf, 84.76% (IC50 55 μg/ml), Ph.Sp, 87.58% (IC50 108 μg/ml) and Ph.EtAc 79.95% (IC50 310 μg/ml) at 1 mg/ml). Furthermore the BChE inhibitory activity was most prominent in Ph.Hex 90.30% (IC50 40 μg/ml), Ph.Chf 85.94% (IC50 215 μg/ml), Ph.Aq 87.62% (IC50 3 μg/ml) and Ph.EtAc 81.01% (IC50 395 μg/ml) fractions. CONCLUSIONS In this study, for the first time, we determined phenolic contents, isolated crude saponins, investigated antioxidant and anticholinestrase potential of P. hydropiper extracts. The results indicate that P. hydropiper is enriched with potent bioactive compounds and warrant further investigation by isolation and structural elucidation to find novel and affordable compounds for the treatment of various neurological disorders.
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Seukep JA, Fankam AG, Djeussi DE, Voukeng IK, Tankeo SB, Noumdem JAK, Kuete AHLN, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of seven Cameroonian dietary plants against bacteria expressing MDR phenotypes. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:363. [PMID: 23961425 PMCID: PMC3738912 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality caused by bacterial infections significantly increased with resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This is partially due to the activation of efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria. The present work designed to assess the in vitro antibacterial activities of seven Cameroonian dietary plants (Sesamum indicum, Sesamum radiatum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Corchous olitorius, Cyperus esculentus, Adansonia digitata, Aframomum kayserianum), against multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria over expressing active efflux pumps. The standard phytochemical methods were used to detect the main classes of secondary metabolites in the extracts. The antibacterial activities of the studied extracts in the absence or presence of an efflux pump inhibitor (PAβN) were evaluated using liquid microbroth dilution method. The results obtained indicated that apart from the extract of C. esculentus, all other samples contained alkaloids, phenols and polyphenols meanwhile other classes of chemicals were selectively present. The studied extracts displayed antibacterial activities with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values ranged from 64 to 1024 μg/mL on the majority of the 27 tested microbial strains. The extract of S. indicum was active against 77.77% of the tested microorganisms whilst the lowest MIC value (64 μg/mL) was recorded with that of A. kayserianum against E. aerogenes EA294. The results of the present work provide baseline information on the possible used of the tested Cameroonian dietary plants in the treatment of bacterial infections including multi-drug resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A Seukep
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Aimé G Fankam
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Doriane E Djeussi
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Igor K Voukeng
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Simplice B Tankeo
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Jaurès AK Noumdem
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Antoine HLN Kuete
- />Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Roghani M, Jalali-Nadoushan MR, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Vaez Mahdavi MR, Naderi G, Roghani Dehkordi F, Joghataei MT. Endothelium-dependent Effect of Sesame Seed Feeding on Vascular Reactivity of Streptozotocin-diabetic Rats: Underlying Mechanisms. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2013; 12:377-85. [PMID: 24250645 PMCID: PMC3813278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders continue to constitute major causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. In this study, the effect of chronic administration of sesame (Sesamum indicum L) seed feeding was studied on aortic reactivity of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Male diabetic rats received sesame seed-mixed food at weight ratios of 3% and 6% for 7 weeks, one week after diabetes induction. Contractile responses to KCl and phenylephrine (PE) and relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were obtained from aortic rings. Maximum contractile response of endothelium-intact rings to PE was significantly lower in sesame-treated diabetic rats (at a ratio of 6%) relative to untreated diabetics and endothelium removal abolished this difference. Endothelium-dependent relaxation to ACh was also significantly higher in sesame-treated diabetic rats (at a ratio of 6%) as compared to diabetic rats and pretreatment of rings with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) significantly attenuated the observed response. Two-month diabetes also resulted in an elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and sesame treatment significantly reversed the increased MDA content and restored activity of SOD. We thus conclude that chronic treatment of diabetic rats with sesame seed could in a dose-manner prevent some abnormal changes in vascular reactivity through nitric oxide and via attenuation of oxidative stress in aortic tissue and endothelium integrity is necessary for this beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Roghani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Medicinal Plant Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | | | | | - Mohammad-Reza Vaez Mahdavi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Medicinal Plant Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholamali Naderi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshad Roghani Dehkordi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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The sesame lignan sesamin attenuates vascular dysfunction in streptozotocin diabetic rats: involvement of nitric oxide and oxidative stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 698:316-21. [PMID: 23063541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of chronic administration of sesamin was studied on aortic reactivity of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Male diabetic rats received sesamin for 7 weeks after diabetes induction. Contractile responses to KCl and phenylephrine and relaxation response to acetylcholine were obtained from aortic rings. Maximum contractile response of endothelium-intact rings to phenylephrine was significantly lower in sesamin-treated diabetic rats relative to untreated diabetics and endothelium removal abolished this difference. Meanwhile, endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was significantly higher in sesamin-treated diabetic rats as compared to diabetic ones and pretreatment of rings with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester significantly attenuated the observed response. Two-month diabetes also resulted in an elevation of malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase activity and sesamin treatment significantly improved these changes. Therefore, chronic treatment of diabetic rats with sesamin could prevent some abnormal changes in vascular reactivity in diabetic rats through nitric oxide and via attenuation of oxidative stress and tissue integrity of endothelium is necessary for its beneficial effect.
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Hypotensive effect of Gentiana floribunda is mediated through Ca++ antagonism pathway. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 12:121. [PMID: 22883710 PMCID: PMC3503620 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Gentiana floribunda was investigated for the possible hypotensive and vasodilator activities in an attempt to rationalize its traditional use in hypertension. Methods The crude extract of Gentiana floribunda (Gf.Cr) was studied in anaesthetized rats and isolated thoracic aorta tissues. Results Gf.Cr which tested positive for presence of flavonoids, saponins, sterols, tannins and terpenes caused dose-dependent (3.0-100 mg/kg) fall in arterial blood pressure (BP) of rats under anaesthesia. In rat aortic ring preparations denuded of endothelium, Gf.Cr at concentration range of 1.0-10 mg/mL relaxed high K+ (80 mM) and phenylephrine (PE, 1 μM)-induced contractions and shifted Ca++ dose–response curves to right, similar to that caused by verapamil. It also suppressed PE (1 μM) control peak responses at 0.3-1.0 mg/mL, obtained in Ca++-free medium, as exhibited by verapamil. Pre-treatment of tissues with Gf.Cr produced rightward non-parallel shift of PE-curves with decline of maximum contractile response. The vasodilator effect of Gf.Cr was endothelial-independent, as it was not blocked by Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, atropine and indomethacin in endothelium-intact aortic tissues. Conclusions These data indicate that BP-lowering action of Gentiana floribunda occurred via Ca++ antagonism (inhibition of Ca++ ingress and release from intracellular stores), which provides pharmacological basis to justify its effectiveness in hypertension.
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Konan AB, Amonkan AK, Ahui MLB, Bouafou GMK, Kouakou LK, Kpahé FZ, Datté JY. Myostimulating effect of sesamum radiatum aqueous leaf extract in isolated Guinea-pig Taenia caeci contractile activity. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES : AJTCAM 2011; 8:377-385. [PMID: 22654214 PMCID: PMC3218465 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v8i4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried to examine the effects of the aqueous leaf extract of Sesamum radiatum, a laxative plant on the contractile activity of Taenia caeci, an intestinal smooth muscle. Strips of Taenia caeci were rapidly removed from guinea-pig and were suspended between two L-shaped stainless steel hooks in a 10 ml organ bath with Mac Ewen solution. The isometric contractile force of the Taenia caeci strips were recorded by using a strain gauge. S. radiatum aqueous leaf extract (ESera) is a spasmogenic substance. This myostimulant effect is characterized by the increase of the rhythm and the amplitude of isolated guinea-pig Taenia caeci smooth muscle in normal solution and by the development of contracture in modified solution and in solution without calcium. A similar effect was observed with ACh which caused a graded increase of the contractile activity of Taenia caeci. The effects induced by ESera and ACh were reversed in the presence of atropine. The spasmogenic effect induced by ESera could justify partially the use of S. radiatum as laxative in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- André B Konan
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Pharmacologie, Département BA-PA, UFR-Biosciences, Université de Cocody, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.
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Aworet-Samseny RRR, Souza A, Kpahé F, Konaté K, Datté JY. Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Arn (Mimosaceae) hydro-alcoholic extract action on the contractility of tracheal smooth muscle isolated from guinea-pig. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 11:23. [PMID: 21414220 PMCID: PMC3068131 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Arn. (Mimosaceae) is largely used in ethno-medically across Africa, and mainly employed for the treatment of asthma in Ivory Coast and Gabon. The paper analyses the relaxation induced by the methanolic extract of D. cinerea (Edici) in the guinea-pig trachea preparations (GPTPs). PURPOSE This study aimed to bring out the scientific basis to the use of this plant leading to the validation of this phytomedicine. METHOD The aorta obtained from guinea-pigs was immediately placed in a Mac Ewen solution. Experiments were performed in preparations suspended between two L-shaped stainless steel hooks in a 10 ml organ bath containing Mac Ewen solution. The isometric contractile force of the aorta strips of guinea-pig were recorded by using a strain gauge. The different drugs were directly administered into the organ bath and the magnitude of GPTPs was evaluated. RESULTS Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract of Dichrostachys cinerea (Edici) using chemical methods revealed the presence of flavenoids, tannins, sterols, triterpenes and polyphenols. Pharmacological studies performed in GPTPs show that of Dichrostachys cinerea (0.1 mg/ml - 2 mg/ml) evoked a broncho-constriction in GPTPs. Whereas, at concentration up to 2 mg/ml, Edici induced a significant dose-dependent relaxation in the GPTPs. KCl-, ACh- or histamine-evoked contractions of isolated trachea was significantly inhibited by increasing concentrations of Edici (3.5-10 mg/ml). Edici (10 mg/ml) as well as promethazine (0.25 mg/ml) significantly inhibited contractions induced by increasing concentrations of histamine (1×10-7-1×10-4mg/ml). In the presence of atropine at a concentration of 10-6mg/ml, contractile response curve (CRC) evoked by ACh (1×10-5-1×10-2 mg/ml) was significantly abolished in concentration-dependent manner. Edici did not significantly reduced ACh evoked contraction (10-5-10-2mg/ml). CONCLUSION These observations suggest that Edici could act through two mechanisms: firstly by activation of β-adrenergic or histaminergic receptors; and secondly muscarinic receptors may not be greatly involved, that justifying the use of the extract in traditional Medicine in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa RR Aworet-Samseny
- Institut de Pharmacopée et de Médecine Traditionnelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (Cenarest) BP: 1156 Route de Sibang 3 Libreville Gabon
| | - Alain Souza
- Institut de Pharmacopée et de Médecine Traditionnelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (Cenarest) BP: 1156 Route de Sibang 3 Libreville Gabon
| | - Fidele Kpahé
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et de Pharmacologie, UFR BioSciences, Université de Cocody, Abidjan 22 BP: 582 Abidjan -Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Kiessoun Konaté
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de chimie Appliquées, UFR Science de la Vie et de la Terre, Université de Ouagadougou, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09 Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Y Datté
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et de Pharmacologie, UFR BioSciences, Université de Cocody, Abidjan 22 BP: 582 Abidjan -Côte d'Ivoire
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Matsufuji H, Ohmori J, Goto S, Chino M, Wada E, Uchida A, Fukahori K, Yamagata K, Sakurai H. Radical Scavenging Activity of Polyphenols in Young Leaves of Sesamum indicum L. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.58.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gilani AH, Mandukhail SUR, Iqbal J, Yasinzai M, Aziz N, Khan A, Najeeb-ur-Rehman. Antispasmodic and vasodilator activities of Morinda citrifolia root extract are mediated through blockade of voltage dependent calcium channels. Altern Ther Health Med 2010; 10:2. [PMID: 20070879 PMCID: PMC2829485 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Morinda citrifolia (Noni) is an edible plant with wide range of medicinal uses. It occurs exclusively in tropical climate zone from India through Southeast Asia and Australia to Eastern Polynesia and Hawaii. The objective of this study was to explore the possible mode(s) of action for its antispasmodic, vasodilator and cardio-suppressant effects to rationalize its medicinal use in gut and cardiovascular disorders. Methods Isolated tissue preparations such as, rabbit jejunum, rat and rabbit aorta and guinea pig atria were used to test the antispasmodic and cardiovascular relaxant effects and the possible mode of action(s) of the 70% aqueous-ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia roots (Mc.Cr). Results The Mc.Cr produced a concentration-dependent relaxation of spontaneous and high K+ induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations. It also caused right ward shift in the concentration response curves of Ca++, similar to that of verapamil. In guinea-pig right atria, Mc.Cr caused inhibition of both atrial force and rate of spontaneous contractions. In rabbit thoracic aortic preparations, Mc.Cr also suppressed contractions induced by phenylephrine (1.0 μM) in normal- Ca++ and Ca++-free Kerb's solutions and by high K+, similar to that of verapamil. In rat thoracic aortic preparations, Mc.Cr also relaxed the phenylephrine (1.0 μM)-induced contractions. The vasodilatory responses were not altered in the presence of L-NAME (0.1 mM) or atropine (1.0 μM) and removal of endothelium. Conclusions These results suggest that the spasmolytic and vasodilator effects of Mc.Cr root extract are mediated possibly through blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels and release of intracellular calcium, which may explain the medicinal use of Morinda citrifolia in diarrhea and hypertension. However, more detailed studies are required to assess the safety and efficacy of this plant.
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Schmitt CA, Dirsch VM. Modulation of endothelial nitric oxide by plant-derived products. Nitric Oxide 2009; 21:77-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kong X, Yang JR, Guo LQ, Xiong Y, Wu XQ, Huang K, Zhou Y. Sesamin improves endothelial dysfunction in renovascular hypertensive rats fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 620:84-9. [PMID: 19699195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2009] [Revised: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the possible in vivo protective effects of sesamin on hypertension and endothelial function in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (2K1C rats on HFS diet). Sesamin was orally administered for 8 weeks in 2K1C rats on HFS diet. Then, the serum malondialdehyde level was determined. The protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitrotyrosine and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunit p47(phox) in aortas was detected by Western blotting. Vasorelaxation response to acetylcholine and nitroprusside, and functional assessment of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity were also determined in aortic rings. Sesamin treatment reduced systolic blood pressure, improved vasodilatation induced by acetylcholine and enhanced NO bioactivity in the thoracic aortas. These changes were associated with increased eNOS, decreased malondialdehyde content, and reduced nitrotyrosine and p47(phox) protein expression. All these results suggest that chronic treatment with sesamin reduces hypertension and improves endothelial dysfunction through upregulation of eNOS expression and reduction of NO oxidative inactivation in 2K1C rats on HFS diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Third-Grade Pharmacology Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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