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Son J, Joo JC, Baritugo KA, Jeong S, Lee JY, Lim HJ, Lim SH, Yoo JI, Park SJ. Consolidated microbial production of four-, five-, and six-carbon organic acids from crop residues: Current status and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:127001. [PMID: 35292386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The production of platform organic acids has been heavily dependent on petroleum-based industries. However, petrochemical-based industries that cannot guarantee a virtuous cycle of carbons released during various processes are now facing obsolescence because of the depletion of finite fossil fuel reserves and associated environmental pollutions. Thus, the transition into a circular economy in terms of the carbon footprint has been evaluated with the development of efficient microbial cell factories using renewable feedstocks. Herein, the recent progress on bio-based production of organic acids with four-, five-, and six-carbon backbones, including butyric acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid (C4), 5-aminolevulinic acid and citramalic acid (C5), and hexanoic acid (C6), is discussed. Then, the current research on the production of C4-C6 organic acids is illustrated to suggest future directions for developing crop-residue based consolidated bioprocessing of C4-C6 organic acids using host strains with tailor-made capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kei-Anne Baritugo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seona Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee In Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Jae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Mhatre A, Shinde S, Jha AK, Rodriguez A, Wardak Z, Jansen A, Gladden JM, George A, Davis RW, Varman AM. Corynebacterium glutamicum as an Efficient Omnivorous Microbial Host for the Bioconversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:827386. [PMID: 35433642 PMCID: PMC9011048 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.827386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum has been successfully employed for the industrial production of amino acids and other bioproducts, partially due to its native ability to utilize a wide range of carbon substrates. We demonstrated C. glutamicum as an efficient microbial host for utilizing diverse carbon substrates present in biomass hydrolysates, such as glucose, arabinose, and xylose, in addition to its natural ability to assimilate lignin-derived aromatics. As a case study to demonstrate its bioproduction capabilities, L-lactate was chosen as the primary fermentation end product along with acetate and succinate. C. glutamicum was found to grow well in different aromatics (benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, vanillic acid, and p-coumaric acid) up to a concentration of 40 mM. Besides, 13C-fingerprinting confirmed that carbon from aromatics enter the primary metabolism via TCA cycle confirming the presence of β-ketoadipate pathway in C. glutamicum. 13C-fingerprinting in the presence of both glucose and aromatics also revealed coumarate to be the most preferred aromatic by C. glutamicum contributing 74 and 59% of its carbon for the synthesis of glutamate and aspartate respectively. 13C-fingerprinting also confirmed the activity of ortho-cleavage pathway, anaplerotic pathway, and cataplerotic pathways. Finally, the engineered C. glutamicum strain grew well in biomass hydrolysate containing pentose and hexose sugars and produced L-lactate at a concentration of 47.9 g/L and a yield of 0.639 g/g from sugars with simultaneous utilization of aromatics. Succinate and acetate co-products were produced at concentrations of 8.9 g/L and 3.2 g/L, respectively. Our findings open the door to valorize all the major carbon components of biomass hydrolysate by using C. glutamicum as a microbial host for biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurv Mhatre
- Chemical Engineering Program, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Somnath Shinde
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Amit Kumar Jha
- Chemical Engineering Program, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Alberto Rodriguez
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomanufacturing, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States,Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
| | - Zohal Wardak
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Abigail Jansen
- Chemical Engineering Program, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - John M. Gladden
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomanufacturing, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States,Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
| | - Anthe George
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States,Department of Biomaterials and Biomanufacturing, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Ryan W. Davis
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Ryan W. Davis, ; Arul M. Varman,
| | - Arul M. Varman
- Chemical Engineering Program, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,*Correspondence: Ryan W. Davis, ; Arul M. Varman,
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3
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Microbial cell surface engineering for high-level synthesis of bio-products. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 55:107912. [PMID: 35041862 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial cell surface layers, which mainly include the cell membrane, cell wall, periplasmic space, outer membrane, capsules, S-layers, pili, and flagella, control material exchange between the cell and the extracellular environment, and have great impact on production titers and yields of various bio-products synthesized by microbes. Recent research work has made exciting achievements in metabolic engineering using microbial cell surface components as novel regulation targets without direct modifications of the metabolic pathways of the desired products. This review article will summarize the accomplishments obtained in this emerging field, and will describe various engineering strategies that have been adopted in bacteria and yeasts for the enhancement of mass transfer across the cell surface, improvement of protein expression and folding, modulation of cell size and shape, and re-direction of cellular resources, all of which contribute to the construction of more efficient microbial cell factories toward the synthesis of a variety of bio-products. The existing problems and possible future directions will also be discussed.
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4
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Current Progress in Production of Building-Block Organic Acids by Consolidated Bioprocessing of Lignocellulose. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several organic acids have been indicated among the top value chemicals from biomass. Lignocellulose is among the most attractive feedstocks for biorefining processes owing to its high abundance and low cost. However, its highly complex nature and recalcitrance to biodegradation hinder development of cost-competitive fermentation processes. Here, current progress in development of single-pot fermentation (i.e., consolidated bioprocessing, CBP) of lignocellulosic biomass to high value organic acids will be examined, based on the potential of this approach to dramatically reduce process costs. Different strategies for CBP development will be considered such as: (i) design of microbial consortia consisting of (hemi)cellulolytic and valuable-compound producing strains; (ii) engineering of microorganisms that combine biomass-degrading and high-value compound-producing properties in a single strain. The present review will mainly focus on production of organic acids with application as building block chemicals (e.g., adipic, cis,cis-muconic, fumaric, itaconic, lactic, malic, and succinic acid) since polymer synthesis constitutes the largest sector in the chemical industry. Current research advances will be illustrated together with challenges and perspectives for future investigations. In addition, attention will be dedicated to development of acid tolerant microorganisms, an essential feature for improving titer and productivity of fermentative production of acids.
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Slater SL, Mavridou DAI. Harnessing the potential of bacterial oxidative folding to aid protein production. Mol Microbiol 2021; 116:16-28. [PMID: 33576091 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein folding is central to both biological function and recombinant protein production. In bacterial expression systems, which are easy to use and offer high protein yields, production of the protein of interest in its native fold can be hampered by the limitations of endogenous posttranslational modification systems. Disulfide bond formation, entailing the covalent linkage of proximal cysteine amino acids, is a fundamental posttranslational modification reaction that often underpins protein stability, especially in extracytoplasmic environments. When these bonds are not formed correctly, the yield and activity of the resultant protein are dramatically decreased. Although the mechanism of oxidative protein folding is well understood, unwanted or incorrect disulfide bond formation often presents a stumbling block for the expression of cysteine-containing proteins in bacteria. It is therefore important to consider the biochemistry of prokaryotic disulfide bond formation systems in the context of protein production, in order to take advantage of the full potential of such pathways in biotechnology applications. Here, we provide a critical overview of the use of bacterial oxidative folding in protein production so far, and propose a practical decision-making workflow for exploiting disulfide bond formation for the expression of any given protein of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina L Slater
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Despoina A I Mavridou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- John Ring LaMontagne Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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6
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Gonzalez-Perez D, Ratcliffe J, Tan SK, Wong MCM, Yee YP, Nyabadza N, Xu JH, Wong TS, Tee KL. Random and combinatorial mutagenesis for improved total production of secretory target protein in Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5290. [PMID: 33674702 PMCID: PMC7935960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84859-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal peptides and secretory carrier proteins are commonly used to secrete heterologous recombinant protein in Gram-negative bacteria. The Escherichia coli osmotically-inducible protein Y (OsmY) is a carrier protein that secretes a target protein extracellularly, and we have previously applied it in the Bacterial Extracellular Protein Secretion System (BENNY) to accelerate directed evolution. In this study, we reported the first application of random and combinatorial mutagenesis on a carrier protein to enhance total secretory target protein production. After one round of random mutagenesis followed by combining the mutations found, OsmY(M3) (L6P, V43A, S154R, V191E) was identified as the best carrier protein. OsmY(M3) produced 3.1 ± 0.3 fold and 2.9 ± 0.8 fold more secretory Tfu0937 β-glucosidase than its wildtype counterpart in E. coli strains BL21(DE3) and C41(DE3), respectively. OsmY(M3) also produced more secretory Tfu0937 at different cultivation temperatures (37 °C, 30 °C and 25 °C) compared to the wildtype. Subcellular fractionation of the expressed protein confirmed the essential role of OsmY in protein secretion. Up to 80.8 ± 12.2% of total soluble protein was secreted after 15 h of cultivation. When fused to a red fluorescent protein or a lipase from Bacillus subtillis, OsmY(M3) also produced more secretory protein compared to the wildtype. In this study, OsmY(M3) variant improved the extracellular production of three proteins originating from diverse organisms and with diverse properties, clearly demonstrating its wide-ranging applications. The use of random and combinatorial mutagenesis on the carrier protein demonstrated in this work can also be further extended to evolve other signal peptides or carrier proteins for secretory protein production in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gonzalez-Perez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Stabile Research Building, 12902 Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - James Ratcliffe
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Shu Khan Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Mary Chen May Wong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Yi Pei Yee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Natsai Nyabadza
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Jian-He Xu
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuck Seng Wong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| | - Kang Lan Tee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
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Lu J, Li J, Gao H, Zhou D, Xu H, Cong Y, Zhang W, Xin F, Jiang M. Recent progress on bio-succinic acid production from lignocellulosic biomass. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:16. [PMID: 33394223 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Succinic acid is a valuable bulk chemical, which has been extensively applied in food, medicine, surfactants and biodegradable plastics industries. As a substitute for chemical raw material, bio-based succinic acid production has received increasing attention due to the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental issues. Meanwhile, the effective bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass has always been a hot spot of interest owning to the advantages of low expense, abundance and renewability. Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) is considered to be an alternative approach with outstanding potential, as CBP can not only improve the product yield and productivity, but also reduce the equipment and operating costs. In addition, the current emerging microbial co-cultivation systems provide strong competitiveness for lignocellulose utilization through CBP. This article comprehensively discusses different strategies for the bioconversion of lignocellulose to succinic acid. Based on the principles and technical concepts of CBP, this review focuses on the progress of succinic acid production under different CBP strategies (metabolic engineering based and microbial co-cultivation based). Moreover, the main challenges faced by CBP-based succinic acid fermentation are analyzed, and the future direction of CBP production is prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
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8
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Sorokina KN, Samoylova YV, Gromov NV, Ogorodnikova OL, Parmon VN. Production of biodiesel and succinic acid from the biomass of the microalga Micractinium sp. IC-44. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 317:124026. [PMID: 32866839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combined approach to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and succinic acid from the biomass of the microalga Micractinium sp. IC-44 using ionic liquids (ILs) was presented. After 22 days of cultivation, the biomass productivity was 0.034 ± 0.001 g L-1day-1, and the lipid content was 11.5 ± 0.5%. Direct biomass transesterification using H2SO4 in the presence of IL [BMIM][HSO4] resulted in a FAME yield of 42.0 ± 4.3%, which exceeded the yields obtained after transesterification of extracted lipids (20.5 ± 3.5% using ILs and 27.1 ± 2.4% using methanol/chloroform) and direct biomass transesterification without using ILs (31.6 ± 1.7%). The residual biomass obtained after direct transesterification using ILs was subjected to acid hydrolysis (sugar yield was 81.1 ± 2.4%). The purified hydrolysate was fermented using Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z to obtain a succinic acid yield of 0.67 g g-1 of fermentable sugars. Therefore, this study demonstrated the successful conversion of the Micractinium sp. IC-44 biomass into biodiesel and succinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia N Sorokina
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Yuliya V Samoylova
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay V Gromov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga L Ogorodnikova
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentin N Parmon
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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9
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Gao C, Guo L, Ding Q, Hu G, Ye C, Liu J, Chen X, Liu L. Dynamic consolidated bioprocessing for direct production of xylonate and shikimate from xylan by Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2020; 60:128-137. [PMID: 32315760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous value-added chemicals can be produced using xylan as a feedstock. However, the product yields are limited by low xylan utilization efficiency, as well as by carbon flux competition between biomass production and biosynthesis. Herein, a dynamic consolidated bioprocessing strategy was developed, which coupled xylan utilization and yield optimization modules. Specifically, we achieved the efficient conversion of xylan to valuable chemicals in a fully consolidated manner by optimizing the expression level of xylanases and xylose transporter in the xylan utilization module. Moreover, a cell density-dependent, and Cre-triggered dynamic system that enabled the dynamic decoupling of biosynthesis and biomass production was constructed in the yield optimization module. The final shake flask-scale titers of xylonate, produced through an exogenous pathway, and shikimate, produced through an endogenous pathway, reached 16.85 and 3.2 g L-1, respectively. This study not only provides an efficient microbial platform for the utilization of xylan, but also opens up the possibility for the large-scale production of high value-added chemicals from renewable feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Liang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guipeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiulai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Liming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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10
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Zhao C, Zhang Y, Li Y. Production of fuels and chemicals from renewable resources using engineered Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Yan Z, Hussain S, Wang X, Bernstein HD, Bardwell JCA. Chaperone OsmY facilitates the biogenesis of a major family of autotransporters. Mol Microbiol 2019; 112:1373-1387. [PMID: 31369167 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OsmY is a widely conserved but poorly understood 20 kDa periplasmic protein. Using a folding biosensor, we previously obtained evidence that OsmY has molecular chaperone activity. To discover natural OsmY substrates, we screened for proteins that are destabilized and thus present at lower steady-state levels in an osmY-null strain. The abundance of an outer membrane protein called antigen 43 was substantially decreased and its β-barrel domain was undetectable in the outer membrane of an osmY-null strain. Antigen 43 is a member of the diffuse adherence family of autotransporters. Like strains that are defective in antigen 43 production, osmY-null mutants failed to undergo cellular autoaggregation. In vitro, OsmY assisted in the refolding of the antigen 43 β-barrel domain and protected it from added protease. Finally, an osmY-null strain that expressed two members of the diffuse adherence family of autotransporters that are distantly related to antigen 43, EhaA and TibA, contained reduced levels of the proteins and failed to undergo cellular autoaggregation. Taken together, our results indicate that OsmY is involved in the biogenesis of a major subset of autotransporters, a group of proteins that play key roles in bacterial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular & Development Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sunyia Hussain
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Harris D Bernstein
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - James C A Bardwell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular & Development Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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12
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Alessa AHA, Tee KL, Gonzalez-Perez D, Omar Ali HEM, Evans CA, Trevaskis A, Xu JH, Wong TS. Accelerated directed evolution of dye-decolorizing peroxidase using a bacterial extracellular protein secretion system (BENNY). BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019; 6:20. [PMID: 31231605 PMCID: PMC6544594 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs) are haem-containing peroxidases that show great promises in industrial biocatalysis and lignocellulosic degradation. Through the use of Escherichia coli osmotically-inducible protein Y (OsmY) as a bacterial extracellular protein secretion system (BENNY), we successfully developed a streamlined directed evolution workflow to accelerate the protein engineering of DyP4 from Pleurotus ostreatus strain PC15. Result After 3 rounds of random mutagenesis with error-prone polymerase chain reaction (epPCR) and 1 round of saturation mutagenesis, we obtained 4D4 variant (I56V, K109R, N227S and N312S) that displays multiple desirable phenotypes, including higher protein yield and secretion, higher specific activity (2.7-fold improvement in kcat/Km) and higher H2O2 tolerance (sevenfold improvement based on IC50). Conclusion To our best knowledge, this is the first report of applying OsmY to simplify the directed evolution workflow and to direct the extracellular secretion of a haem protein such as DyP4.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40643-019-0255-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman H A Alessa
- 1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD UK
| | - Kang Lan Tee
- 1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD UK
| | - David Gonzalez-Perez
- 1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD UK
| | - Hossam E M Omar Ali
- 1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD UK
| | - Caroline A Evans
- 1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD UK
| | - Alex Trevaskis
- 1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD UK
| | - Jian-He Xu
- 2Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Tuck Seng Wong
- 1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD UK
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13
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Jing K, Guo Y, Ng IS. Antigen-43-mediated surface display revealed in Escherichia coli by different fusion sites and proteins. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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14
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Mao Y, Li G, Chang Z, Tao R, Cui Z, Wang Z, Tang YJ, Chen T, Zhao X. Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for efficient production of succinate from lignocellulosic hydrolysate. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:95. [PMID: 29636817 PMCID: PMC5883316 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Succinate has been recognized as one of the most important bio-based building block chemicals due to its numerous potential applications. However, efficient methods for the production of succinate from lignocellulosic feedstock were rarely reported. Nevertheless, Corynebacterium glutamicum was engineered to efficiently produce succinate from glucose in our previous study. RESULTS In this work, C. glutamicum was engineered for efficient succinate production from lignocellulosic hydrolysate. First, xylose utilization of C. glutamicum was optimized by heterologous expression of xylA and xylB genes from different sources. Next, xylA and xylB from Xanthomonas campestris were selected among four candidates to accelerate xylose consumption and cell growth. Subsequently, the optimal xylA and xylB were co-expressed in C. glutamicum strain SAZ3 (ΔldhAΔptaΔpqoΔcatPsod-ppcPsod-pyc) along with genes encoding pyruvate carboxylase, citrate synthase, and a succinate exporter to achieve succinate production from xylose in a two-stage fermentation process. Xylose utilization and succinate production were further improved by overexpressing the endogenous tkt and tal genes and introducing araE from Bacillus subtilis. The final strain C. glutamicum CGS5 showed an excellent ability to produce succinate in two-stage fermentations by co-utilizing a glucose-xylose mixture under anaerobic conditions. A succinate titer of 98.6 g L-1 was produced from corn stalk hydrolysate with a yield of 0.87 g/g total substrates and a productivity of 4.29 g L-1 h-1 during the anaerobic stage. CONCLUSION This work introduces an efficient process for the bioconversion of biomass into succinate using a thoroughly engineered strain of C. glutamicum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest titer of succinate produced from non-food lignocellulosic feedstock, which highlights that the biosafety level 1 microorganism C. glutamicum is a promising platform for the envisioned lignocellulosic biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Zhishuai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Ran Tao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Zhenzhen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Ya-jie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Xueming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
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15
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Kawaguchi H, Ogino C, Kondo A. Microbial conversion of biomass into bio-based polymers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:1664-1673. [PMID: 28688739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide market for plastics is rapidly growing, and plastics polymers are typically produced from petroleum-based chemicals. The overdependence on petroleum-based chemicals for polymer production raises economic and environmental sustainability concerns. Recent progress in metabolic engineering has expanded fermentation products from existing aliphatic acids or alcohols to include aromatic compounds. This diversity provides an opportunity to expand the development and industrial uses of high-performance bio-based polymers. However, most of the biomonomers are produced from edible sugars or starches that compete directly with food and feed uses. The present review focuses on recent progress in the microbial conversion of biomass into bio-based polymers, in which fermentative products from renewable feedstocks serve as biomonomers for the synthesis of bio-based polymers. In particular, the production of biomonomers from inedible lignocellulosic feedstocks by metabolically engineered microorganisms and the synthesis of bio-based engineered plastics from the biological resources are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Turumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
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16
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Natarajan A, Haitjema CH, Lee R, Boock JT, DeLisa MP. An Engineered Survival-Selection Assay for Extracellular Protein Expression Uncovers Hypersecretory Phenotypes in Escherichia coli. ACS Synth Biol 2017; 6:875-883. [PMID: 28182400 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.6b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular expression of recombinant proteins using laboratory strains of Escherichia coli is now routinely achieved using naturally secreted substrates, such as YebF or the osmotically inducible protein Y (OsmY), as carrier molecules. However, secretion efficiency through these pathways needs to be improved for most synthetic biology and metabolic engineering applications. To address this challenge, we developed a generalizable survival-based selection strategy that effectively couples extracellular protein secretion to antibiotic resistance and enables facile isolation of rare mutants from very large populations (i.e., 1010-12 clones) based simply on cell growth. Using this strategy in the context of the YebF pathway, a comprehensive library of E. coli single-gene knockout mutants was screened and several gain-of-function mutations were isolated that increased the efficiency of extracellular expression without compromising the integrity of the outer membrane. We anticipate that this user-friendly strategy could be leveraged to better understand the YebF pathway and other secretory mechanisms-enabling the exploration of protein secretion in pathogenesis as well as the creation of designer E. coli strains with greatly expanded secretomes-all without the need for expensive exogenous reagents, assay instruments, or robotic automation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Natarajan
- Department
of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Charles H. Haitjema
- Department
of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Robert Lee
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jason T. Boock
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Matthew P. DeLisa
- Department
of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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17
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Forde GM, Rainey TJ, Speight R, Batchelor W, Pattenden LK. Matching the biomass to the bioproduct. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2016-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria for the photosynthetic production of succinate. Metab Eng 2016; 38:483-493. [PMID: 27989804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Succinate is an important commodity chemical currently used in the food, pharmaceutical, and polymer industries. It can also be chemically converted into other major industrial chemicals such as 1,4-butanediol, butadiene, and tetrahydrofuran. Here we metabolically engineered a model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 to photosynthetically produce succinate. We expressed the genes encoding for α-ketoglutarate decarboxylase and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase in S. elongatus PCC 7942, resulting in a strain capable of producing 120mg/L of succinate. However, this recombinant strain exhibited severe growth retardation upon induction of the genes encoding for the succinate producing pathway, potentially due to the depletion of α-ketoglutarate. To replenish α-ketoglutarate, we expressed the genes encoding for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and citrate synthase from Corynebacterium glutamicum into the succinate producing strain. The resulting strain successfully restored the growth phenotype and produced succinate with a titer of 430mg/L in 8 days. These results demonstrated the possibility of photoautotrophic succinate production.
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19
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Meng J, Wang B, Liu D, Chen T, Wang Z, Zhao X. High-yield anaerobic succinate production by strategically regulating multiple metabolic pathways based on stoichiometric maximum in Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:141. [PMID: 27520031 PMCID: PMC4983090 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Succinate has been identified by the U.S. Department of Energy as one of the top 12 building block chemicals, which can be used as a specialty chemical in the agricultural, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Escherichia coli are now one of the most important succinate producing candidates. However, the stoichiometric maximum succinate yield under anaerobic conditions through the reductive branch of the TCA cycle is restricted by NADH supply in E. coli. Results In the present work, we report a rational approach to increase succinate yield by regulating NADH supply via pentose phosphate (PP) pathway and enhancing flux towards succinate. The deregulated genes zwf243 (encoding glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) and gnd361 (encoding 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) involved in NADPH generation from Corynebacterium glutamicum were firstly introduced into E. coli for succinate production. Co-expression of beneficial mutated dehydrogenases, which removed feedback inhibition in the oxidative part of the PP pathway, increased succinate yield from 1.01 to 1.16 mol/mol glucose. Three critical genes, pgl (encoding 6-phosphogluconolactonase), tktA (encoding transketolase) and talB (encoding transaldolase) were then overexpressed to redirect more carbon flux towards PP pathway and further improved succinate yield to 1.21 mol/mol glucose. Furthermore, introducing Actinobacillus succinogenes pepck (encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) together with overexpressing sthA (encoding soluble transhydrogenase), further increased succinate yield to 1.31 mol/mol glucose. In addition, removing byproduct formation through inactivating acetate formation genes ackA-pta and heterogenously expressing pyc (encoding pyruvate carboxylase) from C. glutamicum led to improved succinate yield to 1.4 mol/mol glucose. Finally, synchronously overexpressing dcuB and dcuC encoding succinate exporters enhanced succinate yield to 1.54 mol/mol glucose, representing 52 % increase relative to the parent strain and amounting to 90 % of the strain-specific stoichiometric maximum (1.714 mol/mol glucose). Conclusions It’s the first time to rationally regulate pentose phosphate pathway to improve NADH supply for succinate synthesis in E. coli. 90 % of stoichiometric maximum succinate yield was achieved by combining further flux increase towards succinate and engineering its export. Regulation of NADH supply via PP pathway is therefore recommended for the production of products that are NADH-demanding in E. coli. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0536-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Meng
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyun Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingyu Liu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueming Zhao
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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20
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Yim SS, Choi JW, Lee SH, Jeong KJ. Modular Optimization of a Hemicellulose-Utilizing Pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicum for Consolidated Bioprocessing of Hemicellulosic Biomass. ACS Synth Biol 2016; 5:334-43. [PMID: 26808593 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.5b00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemicellulose, which is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature after cellulose, has the potential to become a major feedstock for microbial fermentation to produce various biofuels and chemicals. To utilize hemicellulose economically, it is necessary to develop a consolidated bioprocess (CBP), in which all processes from biomass degradation to the production of target products occur in a single bioreactor. Here, we report a modularly engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum strain suitable for CBP using hemicellulosic biomass (xylan) as a feedstock. The hemicellulose-utilizing pathway was divided into three distinct modules, and each module was separately optimized. In the module for xylose utilization, the expression level of the xylose isomerase (xylA) and xylulokinase (xylB) genes was optimized with synthetic promoters of different strengths. Then, the module for xylose transport was engineered with combinatorial sets of synthetic promoters and heterologous transporters to achieve the fastest cell growth rate on xylose (0.372 h(-1)). Next, the module for the enzymatic degradation of xylan to xylose was also engineered with different combinations of promoters and signal peptides to efficiently secrete both endoxylanase and xylosidase into the extracellular medium. Finally, each optimized module was integrated into a single plasmid to construct a highly efficient xylan-utilizing pathway. Subsequently, the direct production of lysine from xylan was successfully demonstrated with the engineered pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the development of a consolidated bioprocessing C. glutamicum strain for hemicellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Sun Yim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, BK21 Plus Program, ‡Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woong Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, BK21 Plus Program, ‡Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hwa Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, BK21 Plus Program, ‡Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, BK21 Plus Program, ‡Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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21
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Salamanca-Cardona L, Scheel RA, Bergey NS, Stipanovic AJ, Matsumoto K, Taguchi S, Nomura CT. Consolidated bioprocessing of poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) from xylan as a sole feedstock by genetically-engineered Escherichia coli. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:406-14. [PMID: 27067372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulose is an attractive strategy for the sustainable production of petroleum-based alternatives. One of the underutilized sources of carbon in lignocellulose is the hemicellulosic fraction which largely consists of the polysaccharide xylan. In this study, Escherichia coli JW0885 (pyruvate formate lyase activator protein mutant, pflA(-)) was engineered to express recombinant xylanases and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-producing enzymes for the biosynthesis of poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(LA-co-3HB)] from xylan as a consolidated bioprocess. The results show that E. coli JW0885 was capable of producing P(LA-co-3HB) when xylan was the only feedstock and different feeding and growth parameters were examined in order to improve upon initial yields. The highest yields of P(LA-co-3HB) copolymer obtained in this study occurred when xylan was added during mid-exponential growth after cells had been grown at high shaking-speeds (290 rpm). The results showed an inverse relationship between total PHA production and LA-monomer incorporation into the copolymer. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses corroborate that the polymers produced maintain physical properties characteristic of LA-incorporating PHB-based copolymers. The present study achieves the first ever engineering of a consolidated bioprocessing bacterial system for the production of a bioplastic from a hemicelluosic feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Salamanca-Cardona
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Ryan A Scheel
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Norman Scott Bergey
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Arthur J Stipanovic
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Ken'ichiro Matsumoto
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-28, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Seiichi Taguchi
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-28, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; CREST, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Christopher T Nomura
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China; Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; Center for Applied Microbiology, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
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22
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Kawaguchi H, Hasunuma T, Ogino C, Kondo A. Bioprocessing of bio-based chemicals produced from lignocellulosic feedstocks. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 42:30-39. [PMID: 26970511 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The feedstocks used for the production of bio-based chemicals have recently expanded from edible sugars to inedible and more recalcitrant forms of lignocellulosic biomass. To produce bio-based chemicals from renewable polysaccharides, several bioprocessing approaches have been developed and include separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), and consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). In the last decade, SHF, SSF, and CBP have been used to generate macromolecules and aliphatic and aromatic compounds that are capable of serving as sustainable, drop-in substitutes for petroleum-based chemicals. The present review focuses on recent progress in the bioprocessing of microbially produced chemicals from renewable feedstocks, including starch and lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, the technological feasibility of bio-based chemical production is discussed in terms of the feedstocks and different bioprocessing approaches, including the consolidation of enzyme production, enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass, and fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kawaguchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Turumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
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23
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Gao D, Luan Y, Wang Q, Liang Q, Qi Q. Construction of cellulose-utilizing Escherichia coli based on a secretable cellulase. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:159. [PMID: 26452465 PMCID: PMC4600292 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The microbial conversion of plant biomass into value added products is an attractive option to address the impacts of petroleum dependency. The Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli is commonly used as host for the industrial production of various chemical products with a variety of sugars as carbon sources. However, this strain neither produces endogenous cellulose degradation enzymes nor secrets heterologous cellulases for its poor secretory capacity. Thus, a cellulolytic E. coli strain capable of growth on plant biomass would be the first step towards producing chemicals and fuels. We previously identified the catalytic domain of a cellulase (Cel-CD) and its N-terminal sequence (N20) that can serve as carriers for the efficient extracellular production of target enzymes. This finding suggested that cellulose-utilizing E. coli can be engineered with minimal heterologous enzymes. Results In this study, a β-glucosidase (Tfu0937) was fused to Cel-CD and its N-terminal sequence respectively to obtain E. coli strains that were able to hydrolyze the cellulose. Recombinant strains were confirmed to use the amorphous cellulose as well as cellobiose as the sole carbon source for growth. Furthermore, both strains were engineered with poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) synthesis pathway to demonstrate the production of biodegradable polyesters directly from cellulose materials without exogenously added cellulases. The yield of PHB reached 2.57–8.23 wt% content of cell dry weight directly from amorphous cellulose/cellobiose. Moreover, we found the Cel-CD and N20 secretion system can also be used for the extracellular production of other hydrolytic enzymes. Conclusions This study suggested that a cellulose-utilizing E. coli was created based on a heterologous cellulase secretion system and can be used to produce biofuels and biochemicals directly from cellulose. This system also offers a platform for conversion of other abundant renewable biomass to biofuels and biorefinery products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaqi Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Quanfeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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Lennon CW, Thamsen M, Friman ET, Cacciaglia A, Sachsenhauser V, Sorgenfrei FA, Wasik MA, Bardwell JCA. Folding Optimization In Vivo Uncovers New Chaperones. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:2983-94. [PMID: 26003922 PMCID: PMC4569523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
By employing a genetic selection that forces the cell to fold an unstable, aggregation-prone test protein in order to survive, we have generated bacterial strains with enhanced periplasmic folding capacity. These strains enhance the soluble steady-state level of the test protein. Most of the bacterial variants we isolated were found to overexpress one or more periplasmic proteins including OsmY, Ivy, DppA, OppA, and HdeB. Of these proteins, only HdeB has convincingly been previously shown to function as chaperone in vivo. By giving bacteria the stark choice between death and stabilizing a poorly folded protein, we have now generated designer bacteria selected for their ability to stabilize specific proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Lennon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maike Thamsen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elias T Friman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Austin Cacciaglia
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Veronika Sachsenhauser
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Frieda A Sorgenfrei
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Milena A Wasik
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James C A Bardwell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Loaces I, Amarelle V, Muñoz-Gutierrez I, Fabiano E, Martinez A, Noya F. Improved ethanol production from biomass by a rumen metagenomic DNA fragment expressed in Escherichia coli MS04 during fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:9049-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Tanaka T, Kondo A. Cell surface engineering of industrial microorganisms for biorefining applications. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1403-11. [PMID: 26070720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In order to decrease carbon emissions and negative environmental impacts of various pollutants, biofuel/biochemical production should be promoted for replacing fossil-based industrial processes. Utilization of abundant lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock has recently become an attractive option. In this review, we focus on recent efforts of cell surface display using industrial microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and yeast. Cell surface display is used primarily for endowing cellulolytic activity on the host cells, and enables direct fermentation to generate useful fuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. Cell surface display systems are systematically summarized, and the drawbacks/perspectives as well as successful application of surface display for industrial biotechnology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodaicho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodaicho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 Japan.
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27
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Ma X, Zhang X, Wang B, Mao Y, Wang Z, Chen T, Zhao X. Engineering microorganisms based on molecular evolutionary analysis: a succinate production case study. Evol Appl 2014; 7:913-20. [PMID: 25469170 PMCID: PMC4211721 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolution has resulted in thousands of species possessing similar metabolic enzymes with identical functions that are, however, regulated by different mechanisms. It is thus difficult to select optimal gene to engineer novel or manipulated metabolic pathways. Here, we tested the ability of molecular evolutionary analysis to identify appropriate genes from various species. We calculated the fraction of synonymous substitution and the effective number of codons (ENC) for nine genes stemming from glycolysis. Our research indicated that an enzyme gene with a stronger selective constraint in synonymous sites would mainly regulate corresponding reaction flux through altering the concentration of the protein, whereas those with a more relaxed selective constraint would primarily affect corresponding reaction flux by changing kinetic properties of the enzyme. Further, molecular evolutionary analysis was investigated for three types of genes involved in succinate precursor supply by catalysis of pyruvate. In this model, overexpression of Corynebacterium glutamicum pyc should result in greater conversion of pyruvate. Succinate yields in two Escherichia coli strains that overexpressed each of the three types of genes supported the molecular evolutionary analysis. This approach may thus provide an alternative strategy for selecting genes from different species for metabolic engineering and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Ma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin, China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and TechnologyTianjin, China
| | - Baiyun Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin, China
| | - Yufeng Mao
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin, China
| | - Xueming Zhao
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin, China
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High-level soluble expression of a thermostable xylanase from thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus in Escherichia coli via fusion with OsmY protein. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 99:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Cheng CM, Tzou SC, Zhuang YH, Huang CC, Kao CH, Liao KW, Cheng TC, Chuang CH, Hsieh YC, Tai MH, Cheng TL. Functional production of a soluble and secreted single-chain antibody by a bacterial secretion system. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97367. [PMID: 24824752 PMCID: PMC4019604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) serve as an alternative to full-length monoclonal antibodies used in research and therapeutic and diagnostic applications. However, when recombinant scFvs are overexpressed in bacteria, they often form inclusion bodies and exhibit loss of function. To overcome this problem, we developed an scFv secretion system in which scFv was fused with osmotically inducible protein Y (osmY), a bacterial secretory carrier protein, for efficient protein secretion. Anti-EGFR scFv (αEGFR) was fused with osmY (N- and C-termini) and periplasmic leader sequence (pelB) to generate αEGFR-osmY, osmY-αEGFR, and pelB-αEGFR (control), respectively. In comparison with the control, both the osmY-fused αEGFR scFvs were soluble and secreted into the LB medium. Furthermore, the yield of soluble αEGFR-osmY was 20-fold higher, and the amount of secreted protein was 250-fold higher than that of osmY-αEGFR. In addition, the antigen-binding activity of both the osmY-fused αEGFRs was 2-fold higher than that of the refolded pelB-αEGFR from inclusion bodies. Similar results were observed with αTAG72-osmY and αHer2-osmY. These results suggest that the N-terminus of osmY fused with scFv produces a high yield of soluble, functional, and secreted scFv, and the osmY-based bacterial secretion system may be used for the large-scale industrial production of low-cost αEGFR protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Min Cheng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Cherng Tzou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Han Zhuang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chiao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Han Kao
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Wen Liao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chun Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chin Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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30
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Yang J, Wang Z, Zhu N, Wang B, Chen T, Zhao X. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli and in silico comparing of carboxylation pathways for high succinate productivity under aerobic conditions. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:432-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Alonso S, Rendueles M, Díaz M. Microbial production of specialty organic acids from renewable and waste materials. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2014; 35:497-513. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.904269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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32
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Haitjema CH, Boock JT, Natarajan A, Dominguez MA, Gardner JG, Keating DH, Withers ST, DeLisa MP. Universal genetic assay for engineering extracellular protein expression. ACS Synth Biol 2014; 3:74-82. [PMID: 24200127 DOI: 10.1021/sb400142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A variety of strategies now exist for the extracellular expression of recombinant proteins using laboratory strains of Escherichia coli . However, secreted proteins often accumulate in the culture medium at levels that are too low to be practically useful for most synthetic biology and metabolic engineering applications. The situation is compounded by the lack of generalized screening tools for optimizing the secretion process. To address this challenge, we developed a genetic approach for studying and engineering protein-secretion pathways in E. coli . Using the YebF pathway as a model, we demonstrate that direct fluorescent labeling of tetracysteine-motif-tagged secretory proteins with the biarsenical compound FlAsH is possible in situ without the need to recover the cell-free supernatant. High-throughput screening of a bacterial strain library yielded superior YebF expression hosts capable of secreting higher titers of YebF and YebF-fusion proteins into the culture medium. We also show that the method can be easily extended to other secretory pathways, including type II and type III secretion, directly in E. coli . Thus, our FlAsH-tetracysteine-based genetic assay provides a convenient, high-throughput tool that can be applied generally to diverse secretory pathways. This platform should help to shed light on poorly understood aspects of these processes as well as to further assist in the construction of engineered E. coli strains for efficient secretory-protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H. Haitjema
- Department
of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jason T. Boock
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Aravind Natarajan
- Department
of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Miguel A. Dominguez
- Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jeffrey G. Gardner
- Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David H. Keating
- Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Sydnor T. Withers
- Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew P. DeLisa
- Department
of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Fisher MA, Boyarskiy S, Yamada MR, Kong N, Bauer S, Tullman-Ercek D. Enhancing tolerance to short-chain alcohols by engineering the Escherichia coli AcrB efflux pump to secrete the non-native substrate n-butanol. ACS Synth Biol 2014; 3:30-40. [PMID: 23991711 DOI: 10.1021/sb400065q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The microbial conversion of sugars to fuels is a promising technology, but the byproducts of biomass pretreatment processes and the fuels themselves are often toxic at industrially relevant levels. One promising solution to these problems is to engineer efflux pumps to secrete fuels and inhibitory chemicals from the cell, increasing microbial tolerance and enabling higher fuel titer. Toward that end, we used a directed evolution strategy to generate variants of the Escherichia coli AcrB efflux pump that act on the non-native substrate n-butanol, enhancing growth rates of E. coli in the presence of this biofuel by up to 25%. Furthermore, these variants confer improved tolerance to isobutanol and straight-chain alcohols up to n-heptanol. Single amino acid changes in AcrB responsible for this phenotype were identified. We have also shown that both the chemical and genetic inactivation of pump activity eliminate the tolerance conferred by AcrB pump variants, supporting our assertion that the variants secrete the non-native substrates. This strategy can be applied to create an array of efflux pumps that modulate the intracellular concentrations of small molecules of interest to microbial fuel and chemical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Fisher
- Energy Biosciences
Institute, University of California Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Sergey Boyarskiy
- Energy Biosciences
Institute, University of California Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, 306 Stanley
Hall MC #1762, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Masaki R. Yamada
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, 201 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Niwen Kong
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, 142 LSA #3200, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stefan Bauer
- Energy Biosciences
Institute, University of California Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Danielle Tullman-Ercek
- Energy Biosciences
Institute, University of California Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, 201 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Desai SH, Rabinovitch-Deere CA, Tashiro Y, Atsumi S. Isobutanol production from cellobiose in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:3727-36. [PMID: 24430208 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Converting lignocellulosics into biofuels remains a promising route for biofuel production. To facilitate strain development for specificity and productivity of cellulosic biofuel production, a user friendly Escherichia coli host was engineered to produce isobutanol, a drop-in biofuel candidate, from cellobiose. A beta-glucosidase was expressed extracellularly by either excretion into the media, or anchoring to the cell membrane. The excretion system allowed for E. coli to grow with cellobiose as a sole carbon source at rates comparable to those with glucose. The system was then combined with isobutanol production genes in three different configurations to determine whether gene arrangement affected isobutanol production. The most productive strain converted cellobiose to isobutanol in titers of 7.64 ± 0.19 g/L with a productivity of 0.16 g/L/h. These results demonstrate that efficient cellobiose degradation and isobutanol production can be achieved by a single organism, and provide insight for optimization of strains for future use in a consolidated bioprocessing system for renewable production of isobutanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi H Desai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Bhutto AW, Qureshi K, Harijan K, Zahedi G, Bahadori A. Strategies for the consolidation of biologically mediated events in the conversion of pre-treated lignocellulose into ethanol. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44020f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Salamanca-Cardona L, Ashe CS, Stipanovic AJ, Nomura CT. Enhanced production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from beechwood xylan by recombinant Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:831-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yim SS, An SJ, Kang M, Lee J, Jeong KJ. Isolation of fully synthetic promoters for high-level gene expression in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:2959-69. [PMID: 23633298 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important industrial organism that is widely used in the production of amino acids, nucleotides and vitamins. To extend its product spectrum and improve productivity, C. glutamicum needs to undergo further engineering, including the development of applicable promoter system. Here, we isolated new promoters from the fully synthetic promoter library consisting of 70-bp random sequences in C. glutamicum. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter, highly fluorescent cells were screened from the library by fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS). Twenty potential promoters of various strengths were isolated and characterized through extensive analysis of DNA sequences and mRNA transcripts. Among 20 promoters, 6 promoters which have different strengths were selected and their activities were successfully demonstrated using two model proteins (antibody fragment and endoxylanase). Finally, the strongest promoter (P(H36)) was employed for the secretory production of endoxylanase in fed-batch cultivation, achieving production levels of 746 mg/L in culture supernatant. This is the first report of synthetic promoters constructed in C. glutamicum, and our screening strategy together with the use of synthetic promoters of various strengths will contribute to the future engineering of C. glutamicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Sun Yim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 335 Gwahagno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Ezeji TC. Transcriptional analysis of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 to elucidate role of furfural stress during acetone butanol ethanol fermentation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:66. [PMID: 23642190 PMCID: PMC3681630 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Furfural is the prevalent microbial inhibitor generated during pretreatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulose biomass to monomeric sugars, but the response of acetone butanol ethanol (ABE) producing Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 to this compound at the molecular level is unknown. To discern the effect of furfural on C. beijerinckii and to gain insight into molecular mechanisms of action and detoxification, physiological changes of furfural-stressed cultures during acetone butanol ethanol (ABE) fermentation were studied, and differentially expressed genes were profiled by genome-wide transcriptional analysis. RESULTS A total of 5,003 C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 genes capturing about 99.7% of the genome were examined. About 111 genes were differentially expressed (up- or down-regulated) by C. beijerinckii when it was challenged with furfural at acidogenic growth phase compared with 721 genes that were differentially expressed (up- or down-regulated) when C. beijerinckii was challenged with furfural at solventogenic growth phase. The differentially expressed genes include genes related to redox and cofactors, membrane transporters, carbohydrate, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolisms, heat shock proteins, DNA repair, and two-component signal transduction system. While C. beijerinckii exposed to furfural stress during the acidogenic growth phase produced 13% more ABE than the unstressed control, ABE production by C. beijerinckii ceased following exposure to furfural stress during the solventogenic growth phase. CONCLUSION Genome-wide transcriptional response of C. beijerinckii to furfural stress was investigated for the first time using microarray analysis. Stresses emanating from ABE accumulation in the fermentation medium; redox balance perturbations; and repression of genes that code for the phosphotransferase system, cell motility and flagellar proteins (and combinations thereof) may have caused the premature termination of C. beijerinckii 8052 growth and ABE production following furfural challenge at the solventogenic phase.This study provides insights into basis for metabolic engineering of C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 for enhanced tolerance of lignocellulose-derived microbial inhibitory compounds, thereby improving bioconversion of lignocellulose biomass hydrolysates to biofuels and chemicals. Indeed, two enzymes encoded by Cbei_3974 and Cbei_3904 belonging to aldo/keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) families have been identified to be involved in furfural detoxification and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- The Ohio State University, Department of Animal Sciences and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), 305 Gerlaugh Hall, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji
- The Ohio State University, Department of Animal Sciences and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), 305 Gerlaugh Hall, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
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Polysaccharide hydrolysis with engineered Escherichia coli for the production of biocommodities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 40:401-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Escherichia coli can ferment a broad range of sugars, including pentoses, hexoses, uronic acids, and polyols. These features make E. coli a suitable microorganism for the development of biocatalysts to be used in the production of biocommodities and biofuels by metabolic engineering. E. coli cannot directly ferment polysaccharides because it does not produce and secrete the necessary saccharolytic enzymes; however, there are many genetic tools that can be used to confer this ability on this prokaryote. The construction of saccharolytic E. coli strains will reduce costs and simplify the production process because the saccharification and fermentation can be conducted in a single reactor with a reduced concentration or absence of additional external saccharolytic enzymes. Recent advances in metabolic engineering, surface display, and excretion of hydrolytic enzymes provide a framework for developing E. coli strains for the so-called consolidated bioprocessing. This review presents the different strategies toward the development of E. coli strains that have the ability to display and secrete saccharolytic enzymes to hydrolyze different sugar-polymeric substrates and reduce the loading of saccharolytic enzymes.
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Improved succinate production by metabolic engineering. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:538790. [PMID: 23691505 PMCID: PMC3652112 DOI: 10.1155/2013/538790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Succinate is a promising chemical which has wide applications and can be produced by biological route. The history of the biosuccinate production shows that the joint effort of different metabolic engineering approaches brings successful results. In order to enhance the succinate production, multiple metabolical strategies have been sought. In this review, different overproducers for succinate production, including natural succinate overproducers and metabolic engineered overproducers, are examined and the metabolic engineering strategies and performances are discussed. Modification of the mechanism of substrate transportation, knocking-out genes responsible for by-products accumulation, overexpression of the genes directly involved in the pathway, and improvement of internal NADH and ATP formation are some of the strategies applied. Combination of the appropriate genes from homologous and heterologous hosts, extension of substrate, integrated production of succinate, and other high-value-added products are expected to bring a desired objective of producing succinate from renewable resources economically and efficiently.
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Engineering of acetate recycling and citrate synthase to improve aerobic succinate production in Corynebacterium glutamicum. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60659. [PMID: 23593275 PMCID: PMC3620386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum lacking the succinate dehydrogenase complex can produce succinate aerobically with acetate representing the major byproduct. Efforts to increase succinate production involved deletion of acetate formation pathways and overexpression of anaplerotic pathways, but acetate formation could not be completely eliminated. To address this issue, we constructed a pathway for recycling wasted carbon in succinate-producing C. glutamicum. The acetyl-CoA synthetase from Bacillus subtilis was heterologously introduced into C. glutamicum for the first time. The engineered strain ZX1 (pEacsA) did not secrete acetate and produced succinate with a yield of 0.50 mol (mol glucose)−1. Moreover, in order to drive more carbon towards succinate biosynthesis, the native citrate synthase encoded by gltA was overexpressed, leading to strain ZX1 (pEacsAgltA), which showed a 22% increase in succinate yield and a 62% decrease in pyruvate yield compared to strain ZX1 (pEacsA). In fed-batch cultivations, strain ZX1 (pEacsAgltA) produced 241 mM succinate with an average volumetric productivity of 3.55 mM h−1 and an average yield of 0.63 mol (mol glucose) −1, making it a promising platform for the aerobic production of succinate at large scale.
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Gupta S, Adlakha N, Yazdani SS. Efficient extracellular secretion of an endoglucanase and a β-glucosidase in E. coli. Protein Expr Purif 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sauer M, Marx H, Mattanovich D. From rumen to industry. Microb Cell Fact 2012; 11:121. [PMID: 22963386 PMCID: PMC3503722 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-11-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The rumen is one of the most complicated and most fascinating microbial ecosystems in nature. A wide variety of microbial species, including bacteria, fungi and protozoa act together to bioconvert (ligno)cellulosic plant material into compounds, which can be taken up and metabolized by the ruminant. Thus, the rumen perfectly resembles a solution to a current industrial problem: the biorefinery, which aims at the bioconversion of lignocellulosic material into fuels and chemicals. We suggest to intensify the studies of the ruminal microbial ecosystem from an industrial microbiologists point of view in order to make use of this rich source of organisms and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna 1190, Austria.
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Jäger G, Büchs J. Biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose to platform chemicals. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:1122-36. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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