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Allampalli SSP, Sivaprakasam S. Unveiling the potential of specific growth rate control in fed-batch fermentation: bridging the gap between product quantity and quality. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:196. [PMID: 38722368 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
During the epoch of sustainable development, leveraging cellular systems for production of diverse chemicals via fermentation has garnered attention. Industrial fermentation, extending beyond strain efficiency and optimal conditions, necessitates a profound understanding of microorganism growth characteristics. Specific growth rate (SGR) is designated as a key variable due to its influence on cellular physiology, product synthesis rates and end-product quality. Despite its significance, the lack of real-time measurements and robust control systems hampers SGR control strategy implementation. The narrative in this contribution delves into the challenges associated with the SGR control and presents perspectives on various control strategies, integration of soft-sensors for real-time measurement and control of SGR. The discussion highlights practical and simple SGR control schemes, suggesting their seamless integration into industrial fermenters. Recommendations provided aim to propose new algorithms accommodating mechanistic and data-driven modelling for enhanced progress in industrial fermentation in the context of sustainable bioprocessing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Sai Pavan Allampalli
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Schütz A, Bernhard F, Berrow N, Buyel JF, Ferreira-da-Silva F, Haustraete J, van den Heuvel J, Hoffmann JE, de Marco A, Peleg Y, Suppmann S, Unger T, Vanhoucke M, Witt S, Remans K. A concise guide to choosing suitable gene expression systems for recombinant protein production. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102572. [PMID: 37917580 PMCID: PMC10643540 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This overview guides both novices and experienced researchers facing challenging targets to select the most appropriate gene expression system for producing a particular protein. By answering four key questions, readers can determine the most suitable gene expression system following a decision scheme. This guide addresses the most commonly used and accessible systems and provides brief descriptions of the main gene expression systems' key characteristics to assist decision making. Additionally, information has been included for selected less frequently used "exotic" gene expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schütz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Technology Platform for Protein Production & Characterization, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Bernhard
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Centre of Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nick Berrow
- Protein Expression Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johannes F Buyel
- Univeristy of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering (IBSE), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Frederico Ferreira-da-Silva
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jurgen Haustraete
- VIB, Center for Inflammation Research & Ugent, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joop van den Heuvel
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Structure and Function of Proteins, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan-Erik Hoffmann
- Protein Chemistry Facility, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ario de Marco
- Laboratory of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska Cesta 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Yoav Peleg
- Structural Proteomics Unit (SPU), Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities (LSCF), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sabine Suppmann
- Protein Expression and Purification Core Facility, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tamar Unger
- Structural Proteomics Unit (SPU), Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities (LSCF), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Martine Vanhoucke
- BCCM/GeneCorner Plasmid Collection, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Susanne Witt
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kim Remans
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Protein Expression and Purification Core Facility, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Eskandari A, Nezhad NG, Leow TC, Rahman MBA, Oslan SN. Current achievements, strategies, obstacles, and overcoming the challenges of the protein engineering in Pichia pastoris expression system. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:39. [PMID: 38062216 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Yeasts serve as exceptional hosts in the manufacturing of functional protein engineering and possess industrial or medical utilities. Considerable focus has been directed towards yeast owing to its inherent benefits and recent advancements in this particular cellular host. The Pichia pastoris expression system is widely recognized as a prominent and widely accepted instrument in molecular biology for the purpose of generating recombinant proteins. The advantages of utilizing the P. pastoris system for protein production encompass the proper folding process occurring within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), as well as the subsequent secretion mediated by Kex2 as a signal peptidase, ultimately leading to the release of recombinant proteins into the extracellular environment of the cell. In addition, within the P. pastoris expression system, the ease of purifying recombinant protein arises from its restricted synthesis of endogenous secretory proteins. Despite its achievements, scientists often encounter persistent challenges when attempting to utilize yeast for the production of recombinant proteins. This review is dedicated to discussing the current achievements in the usage of P. pastoris as an expression host. Furthermore, it sheds light on the strategies employed in the expression system and the optimization and development of the fermentative process of this yeast. Finally, the impediments (such as identifying high expression strains, improving secretion efficiency, and decreasing hyperglycosylation) and successful resolution of certain difficulties are put forth and deliberated upon in order to assist and promote the expression of complex proteins in this prevalent recombinant host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Eskandari
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nima Ghahremani Nezhad
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thean Chor Leow
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Enzyme Technology and X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, VacBio 5, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Nurbaya Oslan
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Enzyme Technology and X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, VacBio 5, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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4
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Luna-Flores CH, Weng Y, Wang A, Chen X, Peng B, Zhao CX, Navone L, von Hellens J, Speight RE. Improving phytase production in Pichia pastoris fermentations through de-repression and methanol induction optimization. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3276-3287. [PMID: 37489850 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is a fast-growing methylotrophic yeast with the ability to assimilate several carbon sources such as methanol, glucose, or glycerol. It has been shown to have outstanding secretion capability with a variety of heterologous proteins. In previous studies, we engineered P. pastoris to co-express Escherichia coli AppA phytase and the HAC1 transcriptional activator using a bidirectional promoter. Phytase production was characterized in shake flasks and did not reflect industrial conditions. In the present study, phytase expression was explored and optimized using instrumented fermenters in continuous and fed-batch modes. First, the production of phytase was investigated under glucose de-repression in continuous culture at three dilution factors, 0.5 d-1 , 1 d-1 , and 1.5 d-1 . The fermenter parameters of these cultures were used to inform a kinetic model in batch and fed-batch modes for growth and phytase production. The kinetic model developed aided to design the glucose-feeding profile of a fed-batch culture. Kinetic model simulations under glucose de-repression and fed-batch conditions identified optimal phytase productivity at the specific growth rate of 0.041 h-1 . Validation of the model simulation with experimental data confirmed the feasibility of the model to predict phytase production in our newly engineered strain. Methanol was used only to induce the expression of phytase at high cell densities. Our results showed that high phytase production required two stages, the first stage used glucose under de-repression conditions to generate biomass while expressing phytase, and stage two used methanol to induce phytase expression. The production of phytase was improved 3.5-fold by methanol induction compared to the expression with glucose alone under de-repression conditions to a final phytase activity of 12.65 MU/L. This final volumetric phytase production represented an approximate 36-fold change compared to the flask fermentations. Finally, the phytase protein produced was assayed to confirm its molecular weight, and pH and temperature profiles. This study highlights the importance of optimizing protein production in P. pastoris when using novel promoters and presents a general approach to performing bioprocess optimization in this important production host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H Luna-Flores
- Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yilun Weng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Bingyin Peng
- Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Laura Navone
- Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Robert E Speight
- Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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5
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Rinnofner C, Felber M, Pichler H. Strains and Molecular Tools for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2513:79-112. [PMID: 35781201 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2399-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Within the last two decades, the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) has become an important alternative to E. coli or mammalian cell lines for the production of recombinant proteins. Easy handling, strong promoters, and high cell density cultivations as well as the capability of posttranslational modifications are some of the major benefits of this yeast. The high secretion capacity and low level of endogenously secreted proteins further promoted the rapid development of a versatile Pichia pastoris toolbox. This chapter reviews common and new "Pichia tools" and their specific features. Special focus is given to expression strains, such as different methanol utilization, protease-deficient or glycoengineered strains, combined with application highlights. Different promoters and signal sequences are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rinnofner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria.
- Bisy GmbH, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria.
| | - Michael Felber
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Pichler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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6
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Pekarsky A, Spadiut O. Dynamic Feeding for Pichia pastoris. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2513:243-254. [PMID: 35781209 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2399-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of certain strain-specific parameters of recombinant Pichia pastoris strains is required to be able to set up a feeding regime for fed-batch cultivations. These parameters are commonly determined either by time-consuming and labor-intensive continuous cultivations or by several, consecutive fed-batch cultivations. Here, we describe a fast method based on batch experiments with substrate pulses to extract certain strain characteristic parameters, which are required to set up a dynamic feeding strategy for P. pastoris strains based on the specific substrate uptake rate. We further describe in detail the course of actions, which have to be taken to obtain the desired dynamics during feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pekarsky
- Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Nguyen TKO, Vu TL, Nguyen MQ, Ta HKK, Park KS, Kim SH, Kim CJ, Jang YJ, Choe H. Soluble Prokaryotic Overexpression and Purification of Human GM-CSF Using the Protein Disulfide Isomerase b'a' Domain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105267. [PMID: 34067755 PMCID: PMC8156066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a member of the colony-stimulating factor (CSF) family, which functions to enhance the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and other hematopoietic lineages such as neutrophils, dendritic cells, or macrophages. These proteins have thus generated considerable interest in clinical therapy research. A current obstacle to the prokaryotic production of human GM-CSF (hGM-CSF) is its low solubility when overexpressed and subsequent complex refolding processes. In our present study, the solubility of hGM-CSF was examined when combined with three N-terminal fusion tags in five E. coli strains at three different expression temperatures. In the five E. coli strains BL21 (DE3), ClearColi BL21 (DE3), LOBSTR, SHuffle T7 and Origami2 (DE3), the hexahistidine-tagged hGM-CSF showed the best expression but was insoluble in all cases at each examined temperature. Tagging with the maltose-binding protein (MBP) and the b'a' domain of protein disulfide isomerase (PDIb'a') greatly improved the soluble overexpression of hGM-CSF at 30 °C and 18 °C. The solubility was not improved using the Origami2 (DE3) and SHuffle T7 strains that have been engineered for disulfide bond formation. Two conventional chromatographic steps were used to purify hGM-CSF from the overexpressed PDIb'a'-hGM-CSF produced in ClearColi BL21 (DE3). In the experiment, 0.65 mg of hGM-CSF was isolated from a 0.5 L flask culture of these E. coli and showed a 98% purity by SDS-PAGE analysis and silver staining. The bioactivity of this purified hGM-CSF was measured at an EC50 of 16.4 ± 2 pM by a CCK8 assay in TF-1 human erythroleukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kieu Oanh Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (T.K.O.N.); (T.L.V.); (M.Q.N.); (H.K.K.T.); (Y.J.J.)
| | - Thi Luong Vu
- Department of Physiology, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (T.K.O.N.); (T.L.V.); (M.Q.N.); (H.K.K.T.); (Y.J.J.)
| | - Minh Quan Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (T.K.O.N.); (T.L.V.); (M.Q.N.); (H.K.K.T.); (Y.J.J.)
| | - Huynh Kim Khanh Ta
- Department of Physiology, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (T.K.O.N.); (T.L.V.); (M.Q.N.); (H.K.K.T.); (Y.J.J.)
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 25159, Korea; (K.S.P.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 25159, Korea; (K.S.P.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Yeon Jin Jang
- Department of Physiology, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (T.K.O.N.); (T.L.V.); (M.Q.N.); (H.K.K.T.); (Y.J.J.)
| | - Han Choe
- Department of Physiology, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (T.K.O.N.); (T.L.V.); (M.Q.N.); (H.K.K.T.); (Y.J.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3010-4292
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8
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Ingram Z, Patkar A, Oh D, Zhang KK, Chung C, Lin-Cereghino J, Lin-Cereghino GP. Overcoming Obstacles in Protein Expression in the Yeast Pichia pastoris: Interviews of Leaders in the Pichia Field. PACIFIC JOURNAL OF HEALTH (STOCKTON, CALIF.) 2021; 4:2. [PMID: 36213698 PMCID: PMC9536841 DOI: 10.56031/2576-215x.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The yeast Pichia pastoris (also known as Komagataella pastoris) has been used for over 30 years to produce thousands of valuable, heterologous proteins, such as insulin to treat diabetes and antibodies to prevent migraine headaches. Despite its success, there are some common, stubborn problems encountered by research scientists when they try to use the yeast to produce their recombinant proteins. In order to provide those working in this field with strategies to overcome these common obstacles, nine experts in P. pastoris protein expression field were interviewed to create a written review and video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1oD6k8CdG8). This review describes how each respected scientist addressed a specific challenge, such as identifying high expression strains, improving secretion efficiency and decreasing hyperglycosylation. Their perspective and practical advice can be a tool to help empower others to express challenging proteins in this popular recombinant host.
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10
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Laukens B, Jacobs PP, Geysens K, Martins J, De Wachter C, Ameloot P, Morelle W, Haustraete J, Renauld JC, Samyn B, Contreras R, Devos S, Callewaert N. Off-target glycans encountered along the synthetic biology route toward humanized N-glycans in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2479-2488. [PMID: 32374435 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The glycosylation pathways of several eukaryotic protein expression hosts are being engineered to enable the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized application-customized glycan structures. In several expression hosts, this has been quite successful, but one caveat is that the new N-glycan structures inadvertently might be substrates for one or more of the multitude of endogenous glycosyltransferases in such heterologous background. This then results in the formation of novel, undesired glycan structures, which often remain insufficiently characterized. When expressing mouse interleukin-22 in a Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii) GlycoSwitchM5 strain, which had been optimized to produce Man5 GlcNAc2 N-glycans, glycan profiling revealed two major species: Man5 GlcNAc2 and an unexpected, partially α-mannosidase-resistant structure. A detailed structural analysis using exoglycosidase sequencing, mass spectrometry, linkage analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed that this novel glycan was Man5 GlcNAc2 modified with a Glcα-1,2-Manβ-1,2-Manβ-1,3-Glcα-1,3-R tetrasaccharide. Expression of a Golgi-targeted GlcNAc transferase-I strongly inhibited the formation of this novel modification, resulting in more homogeneous modification with the targeted GlcNAcMan5 GlcNAc2 structure. Our findings reinforce accumulating evidence that robustly customizing the N-glycosylation pathway in P. pastoris to produce particular human-type structures is still an incompletely solved synthetic biology challenge, which will require further innovation to enable safe glycoprotein pharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Laukens
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter P Jacobs
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katelijne Geysens
- NMR and Structural Analysis Unit, Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jose Martins
- NMR and Structural Analysis Unit, Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlot De Wachter
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul Ameloot
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Willy Morelle
- Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Experimental Medicine Unit, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Samyn
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roland Contreras
- Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Devos
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Callewaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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11
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Lima GM, Effer B, Biasoto HP, Feijoli V, Pessoa A, Palmisano G, Monteiro G. Glycosylation of L-asparaginase from E. coli through yeast expression and site-directed mutagenesis. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Continuous fermentation of recombinant Pichia pastoris Mut+ producing HBsAg: Optimizing dilution rate and determining strain-specific parameters. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Katla S, Yoganand K, Hingane S, Ranjith Kumar C, Anand B, Sivaprakasam S. Novel glycosylated human interferon alpha 2b expressed in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris and its biological activity: N-linked glycoengineering approach. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 128:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Hosseini SN, Javidanbardan A, Khatami M. Accurate and cost-effective prediction of HBsAg titer in industrial scale fermentation process of recombinant Pichia pastoris by using neural network based soft sensor. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 66:681-689. [PMID: 31169323 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the current work, the attempt was made to apply best-fitted artificial neural network (ANN) architecture and the respective training process for predicting final titer of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), produced intracellularly by recombinant Pichia pastoris Mut+ in the commercial scale. For this purpose, in large-scale fed-batch fermentation, using methanol for HBsAg induction and cell growth, three parameters of average specific growth rate, biomass yield, and dry biomass concentration-in the definite integral form with respect to fermentation time-were selected as input vectors; the final concentration of HBsAg was selected for the ANN output. Used dataset consists of 38 runs from previous batches; feed-forward ANN 3:5:1 with training algorithm of backpropagation based on a Bayesian regularization was trained and tested with a high degree of accuracy. Implementing the verified ANN for predicting the HBsAg titer of the five new fermentation runs, excluded from the dataset, in the full-scale production, the coefficient of regression and root-mean-square error were found to be 0.969299 and 2.716774, respectively. These results suggest that this verified soft sensor could be an excellent alternative for the current relatively expensive and time-intensive analytical techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the biopharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Nezamedin Hosseini
- Department of Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran (IPI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Javidanbardan
- Department of Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran (IPI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khatami
- Department of Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran (IPI), Tehran, Iran
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Xin J, Wan Mahtar WNA, Siah PC, Miswan N, Khoo BY. Potential use of Pichia pastoris strain SMD1168H expressing DNA topoisomerase I in the screening of potential anti‑breast cancer agents. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:5368-5376. [PMID: 31059050 PMCID: PMC6522884 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy possesses high toxicity, particularly when a higher concentration of drugs is administered to patients. Therefore, searching for more effective compounds to reduce the toxicity of treatments, while still producing similar effects as current chemotherapy regimens, is required. Currently, the search for potential anticancer agents involves a random, inaccurate process with strategic deficits and a lack of specific targets. For this reason, the initial in vitro high‑throughput steps in the screening process should be reviewed for rapid identification of the compounds that may serve as anticancer agents. The present study aimed to investigate the potential use of the Pichia pastoris strain SMD1168H expressing DNA topoisomerase I (SMD1168H‑TOPOI) in a yeast‑based assay for screening potential anticancer agents. The cell density that indicated the growth of the recombinant yeast without treatment was first measured by spectrophotometry. Subsequently, the effects of glutamate (agonist) and camptothecin (antagonist) on the recombinant yeast cell density were investigated using the same approach, and finally, the effect of camptothecin on various cell lines was determined and compared with its effect on recombinant yeast. The current study demonstrated that growth was enhanced in SMD1168H‑TOPOI as compared with that in SMD1168H. Glutamate also enhanced the growth of the SMD1168H; however, the growth effect was not enhanced in SMD1168H‑TOPOI treated with glutamate. By contrast, camptothecin caused only lower cell density and growth throughout the treatment of SMD1168H‑TOPOI. The findings of the current study indicated that SMD1168H‑TOPOI has similar characteristics to MDA‑MB‑231 cells; therefore, it can be used in a yeast‑based assay to screen for more effective compounds that may inhibit the growth of highly metastatic breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xin
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou First People's Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Wan Nor Azlin Wan Mahtar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Poh Chiew Siah
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Noorizan Miswan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Boon Yin Khoo
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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16
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Katla S, Karmakar B, Tadi SRR, Mohan N, Anand B, Pal U, Sivaprakasam S. High level extracellular production of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris: culture medium optimization, high cell density cultivation and biological characterization. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:1438-1453. [PMID: 30776176 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study was aimed at design of experiments (DoE)- and artificial intelligence-based culture medium optimization for high level extracellular production of a novel recombinant human interferon alpha 2b (huIFNα2b) in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris and its characterization. METHODS AND RESULTS The artificial neural network-genetic algorithm model exhibited improved huIFNα2b production and better predictability compared to response surface methodology. The optimized medium exhibited a fivefold increase in huIFNα2b titre compared to the complex medium. A maximum titre of huIFNα2b (436 mg l-1 ) was achieved using the optimized medium in the bioreactor. Real-time capacitance data from dielectric spectroscopy were utilized to model the growth kinetics with unstructured models. Biological characterization by antiproliferative assay proved that the purified recombinant huIFNα2b was biologically active, exhibiting growth inhibition on breast cancer cell line. CONCLUSIONS Culture medium optimization resulted in enhanced production of huIFNα2b in glycoengineered P. pastoris at both shake flask and bioreactor level. The purified huIFNα2b was found to be N-glycosylated and biologically active. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY DoE-based medium optimization strategy significantly improved huIFNα2b production. The antiproliferative activity of huIFNα2b substantiates its potential scope for application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Katla
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - B Karmakar
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - S R R Tadi
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - N Mohan
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - B Anand
- MAB Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - U Pal
- Molecular Endocrinology Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - S Sivaprakasam
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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17
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Cheng L, Li F, Li S, Lin C, Fu Q, Yin H, Tian F, Qu G, Wu J, Shen Z. A novel nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide control strategy for increasing the cell density of Haemophilus parasuis. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2794. [PMID: 30816004 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is the causative agent of Glässer's disease and is a major source of economic losses in the swine industry each year. To enhance the production of an inactivated vaccine against H. parasuis, the availability of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) must be carefully controlled to ensure a sufficiently high cell density of H. parasuis. In the present study, the real-time viable cell density of H. parasuis was calculated based on the capacitance of the culture. By assessing the relationship between capacitance and viable cell density/NAD concentration, the NAD supply rate could be adjusted in real time to maintain the NAD concentration at a set value based on the linear relationship between capacitance and NAD consumption. The linear relationship between cell density and addition of NAD indicated that 7.138 × 109 NAD molecules were required to satisfy per cell growth. Five types of NAD supply strategy were used to maintain different NAD concentration for H. parasuis cultivation, and the results revealed that the highest viable cell density (8.57, OD600 ) and cell count (1.57 × 1010 CFU/mL) were obtained with strategy III (NAD concentration maintained at 30 mg/L), which were 1.46- and 1.45- times more, respectively, than cultures with using NAD supply strategy I (NAD concentration maintained at 10 mg/L). An extremely high cell density of H. parasuis was achieved using this NAD supply strategy, and the results demonstrated a convenient and reliable method for determining the real-time viable cell density relative to NAD concentration. Moreover, this method provides a theoretical foundation and an efficient approach for high cell density cultivation of other auxotroph bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Cheng
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Binzhou High Cell Density Fermentation, Shandong Lvdu Bio-science and Technology Co. Ltd., Binzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Binzhou High Cell Density Fermentation, Shandong Lvdu Bio-science and Technology Co. Ltd., Binzhou, China
| | - Shuguang Li
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Binzhou High Cell Density Fermentation, Shandong Lvdu Bio-science and Technology Co. Ltd., Binzhou, China
| | - Chuwen Lin
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Yin
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Fengrong Tian
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Guanggang Qu
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- Institution of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
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18
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Beiroti A, Aghasadeghi MR, Hosseini SN, Norouzian D. Application of recurrent neural network for online prediction of cell density of recombinant Pichia pastoris producing HBsAg. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:352-359. [PMID: 30707051 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1566153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Artificial neural networking (ANN) seems to be a promising soft sensor for implementing current approaches of quality by design (QbD) and process analytical technologies (PAT) in the biopharmaceutical industry. In this study, we aimed to implement best-fitted ANN architecture for online prediction of the biomass amount of recombinant Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) - expressing intracellular hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) - during the fed-batch fermentation process using methanol as a sole carbon source. For this purpose, at the induction phase of methanol fed-batch fermentation, carbon evolution rate (CER), dissolved oxygen (DO), and methanol feed rate were selected as input vectors and total wet cell weight (WCW) was considered as output vector for the ANN. The obtained results indicated that after training recurrent ANN with data sets of four fed-batch runs, this toolbox could predict the WCW of the next fed-batch fermentation process at each specified time point with high accuracy. The R-squared and root-mean-square error between actual and predicted values were found to be 0.9985 and 13.73, respectively. This verified toolbox could have major importance in the biopharmaceutical industry since recombinant P. pastoris is widely used for the large-scale production of HBsAg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Beiroti
- a Department of Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine , Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
| | | | | | - Dariush Norouzian
- c Department of Pilot Nano-Biotechnology , Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
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19
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Enhancing the efficiency of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen production in Pichia pastoris by employing continuous fermentation. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Pekarsky A, Veiter L, Rajamanickam V, Herwig C, Grünwald-Gruber C, Altmann F, Spadiut O. Production of a recombinant peroxidase in different glyco-engineered Pichia pastoris strains: a morphological and physiological comparison. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:183. [PMID: 30474550 PMCID: PMC6260843 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-1032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is a common host for the production of recombinant proteins. However, hypermannosylation hinders the use of recombinant proteins from yeast in most biopharmaceutical applications. Glyco-engineered yeast strains produce more homogeneously glycosylated proteins, but can be physiologically impaired and show tendencies for cellular agglomeration, hence are hard to cultivate. Further, comprehensive data regarding growth, physiology and recombinant protein production in the controlled environment of a bioreactor are scarce. Results A Man5GlcNAc2 glycosylating and a Man8–10GlcNAc2 glycosylating strain showed similar morphological traits during methanol induced shake-flask cultivations to produce the recombinant model protein HRP C1A. Both glyco-engineered strains displayed larger single and budding cells than a wild type strain as well as strong cellular agglomeration. The cores of these agglomerates appeared to be less viable. Despite agglomeration, the Man5GlcNAc2 glycosylating strain showed superior growth, physiology and HRP C1A productivity compared to the Man8–10GlcNAc2 glycosylating strain in shake-flasks and in the bioreactor. Conducting dynamic methanol pulsing revealed that HRP C1A productivity of the Man5GlcNAc2 glycosylating strain is best at a temperature of 30 °C. Conclusion This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of growth, physiology and recombinant protein production of a Man5GlcNAc2 glycosylating strain in the controlled environment of a bioreactor. Furthermore, it is evident that cellular agglomeration is likely triggered by a reduced glycan length of cell surface glycans, but does not necessarily lead to lower metabolic activity and recombinant protein production. Man5GlcNAc2 glycosylated HRP C1A production is feasible, yields active protein similar to the wild type strain, but thermal stability of HRP C1A is negatively affected by reduced glycosylation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-1032-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pekarsky
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Veiter
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vignesh Rajamanickam
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Grünwald-Gruber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Altmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Canales C, Altamirano C, Berrios J. The growth of Pichia pastoris Mut + on methanol-glycerol mixtures fits to interactive dual-limited kinetics: model development and application to optimised fed-batch operation for heterologous protein production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:1827-1838. [PMID: 30196441 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The methanol-glycerol co-feeding during the induction stage for heterologous protein production in Pichia pastoris has shown significant productive applications. Available model analysis applied to this dual-limited condition is scarce and normally does not consider the interaction effects between the substrates. In this work, a dual-limited growth model of P. pastoris considering an interactive kinetic effect was applied to an optimised fed-batch process production of heterologous Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL). In the proposed model, the growth kinetics on glycerol is fully expressed, whereas methanol kinetics is modulated by the co-metabolisation of glycerol, resulting in an enhancing effect of glycerol-specific growth rate. The modelling approach of fed-batch cultures also included the methanol volatilisation caused by the aeration that was found to be a not-negligible phenomenon. The model predicts the ability of P. pastoris to keep control of the methanol concentration in the broth during ROL-optimised production process in fed batch and fits satisfactorily the specific cell growth rate and ROL production. Implications of interaction effect are discussed applying the general procedure of modelling approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Canales
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaiso, 2340000, Chile
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción, 4080871, Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaiso, 2340000, Chile
| | - Julio Berrios
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaiso, 2340000, Chile.
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22
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Engineering strategies for enhanced production of protein and bio-products in Pichia pastoris: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 36:182-195. [PMID: 29129652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris has been recognized as one of the most industrially important hosts for heterologous protein production. Despite its high protein productivity, the optimization of P. pastoris cultivation is still imperative due to strain- and product-specific challenges such as promoter strength, methanol utilization type and oxygen demand. To address the issues, strategies involving genetic and process engineering have been employed. Optimization of codon usage and gene dosage, as well as engineering of promoters, protein secretion pathways and methanol metabolic pathways have proved beneficial to innate protein expression levels. Large-scale production of proteins via high cell density fermentation additionally relies on the optimization of process parameters including methanol feed rate, induction temperature and specific growth rate. Recent progress related to the enhanced production of proteins in P. pastoris via various genetic engineering and cultivation strategies are reviewed. Insight into the regulation of the P. pastoris alcohol oxidase 1 (AOX1) promoter and the development of methanol-free systems are highlighted. Novel cultivation strategies such as mixed substrate feeding are discussed. Recent advances regarding substrate and product monitoring techniques are also summarized. Application of P. pastoris to the production of biodiesel and other value-added products via metabolic engineering are also reviewed. P. pastoris is becoming an indispensable platform through the use of these combined engineering strategies.
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Effenberger I, Harport M, Pfannstiel J, Klaiber I, Schaller A. Expression in Pichia pastoris and characterization of two novel dirigent proteins for atropselective formation of gossypol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:2021-2032. [PMID: 27858135 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7997-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We established an efficient fed-batch fermentation process for two novel dirigent proteins from cotton plants, GbDIR2 from Gossypium barbadense and GhDIR3 from G. hirsutum, using the engineered Pichia pastoris GlycoSwitch® SuperMan5 strain to prevent hyperglycosylation. The two (His)6-tagged proteins were purified by metal-chelate affinity chromatography and obtained in quantities of 12 and 15 mg L-1 of culture volume, respectively. Glycosylation sites were identified for the native and for the enzymatically deglycosylated proteins by mass spectrometry, confirming five to six of the seven predicted glycosylation sites in the NxS/T sequence context. The predominant glycan structure was Man5GlcNAc2 with, however, a significant contribution of Man4-10GlcNAc2. Both dirigent proteins (DIRs) mediated the formation of (+)-gossypol by atropselective coupling of hemigossypol radicals. Similar to previously characterized DIRs, GbDIR2 and GhDIR3 lacked oxidizing activity and depended on an oxidizing system (laccase/O2) for the generation of substrate radicals. In contrast to DIRs involved in the biosynthesis of lignans, glycosylation was not essential for function. Quantitative enzymatic deglycosylation yielded active GbDIR2 and GhDIR3 in excellent purity. The described fermentation process in combination with enzymatic deglycosylation will pave the way for mechanistic and structural studies and, eventually, the application of cotton DIRs in a biomimetic approach towards atropselective biaryl synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Effenberger
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Harport
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Pfannstiel
- Core Facility Hohenheim, Mass Spectrometry Unit, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Klaiber
- Core Facility Hohenheim, Mass Spectrometry Unit, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaller
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Spohner SC, Czermak P. Heterologous expression of Aspergillus terreus fructosyltransferase in Kluyveromyces lactis. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:473-9. [PMID: 27084521 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fructo-oligosaccharides are prebiotic and hypocaloric sweeteners that are usually extracted from chicory. They can also be produced from sucrose using fructosyltransferases, but the only commercial enzyme suitable for this purpose is Pectinex Ultra, which is produced with Aspergillus aculeatus. Here we used the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis to express a secreted recombinant fructosyltransferase from the inulin-producing fungus Aspergillus terreus. A synthetic codon-optimised version of the putative β-fructofuranosidase ATEG 04996 (XP 001214174.1) from A. terreus NIH2624 was secreted as a functional protein into the extracellular medium. At 60°C, the purified A. terreus enzyme generated the same pattern of oligosaccharides as Pectinex Ultra, but at lower temperatures it also produced oligomers with up to seven units. We achieved activities of up to 986.4U/mL in high-level expression experiments, which is better than previous reports of optimised Aspergillus spp. fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian C Spohner
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Giessen, Germany; Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA.
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25
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Spohner SC, Schaum V, Quitmann H, Czermak P. Kluyveromyces lactis: An emerging tool in biotechnology. J Biotechnol 2016; 222:104-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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26
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Spohner SC, Zahn D, Schaum V, Quitmann H, Czermak P. Recombinant α- l -rhamnosidase from Aspergillus terreus in selective trimming of α- l -rhamnose from steviol glycosides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Naessens T, Schepens B, Smet M, Pollard C, Van Hoecke L, De Beuckelaer A, Willart M, Lambrecht B, De Koker S, Saelens X, Grooten J. GM-CSF treatment prevents respiratory syncytial virus-induced pulmonary exacerbation responses in postallergic mice by stimulating alveolar macrophage maturation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:700-9.e9. [PMID: 26560044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a frequent cause of asthma exacerbations, yet the susceptibility of asthmatic patients to RSV is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to address the contribution of resident alveolar macrophages (rAMs) to susceptibility to RSV infection in mice that recovered from allergic airway eosinophilia. METHODS Mice were infected with RSV virus after clearance of allergic airway inflammation (AAI). The contribution of post-AAI rAMs was studied in vivo by means of clodronate liposome-mediated depletion, adoptive transfer, and treatment with recombinant cytokines before RSV infection. RESULTS After clearing the allergic bronchial inflammation, post-AAI mice had bronchial hyperreactivity and increased inflammatory cell influx when infected with RSV compared with nonallergic mice, whereas viral clearance was comparable in both mouse groups. Post-AAI rAMs were necessary and sufficient for mediating these proinflammatory effects. In post-AAI mice the residing CD11c(hi) autofluorescent rAM population did not upregulate the terminal differentiation marker sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin F and overproduced TNF and IL-6 through increased nuclear factor κB nuclear translocation. In line with these results, post-AAI lungs had reduced levels of the rAM maturation cytokine GM-CSF. Intratracheal administration of GM-CSF induced final rAM maturation in post-AAI mice and prevented the increased susceptibility to RSV-induced hyperreactivity and inflammation. CONCLUSION Defective production of GM-CSF leads to insufficient post-AAI rAM maturation in mice that recovered from an AAI, causing increased susceptibility to RSV-induced immunopathology. Promoting the differentiation of post-AAI rAMs might be a therapeutic option for preventing RSV-induced exacerbations in human asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Naessens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Schepens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Muriel Smet
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Pollard
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lien Van Hoecke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ans De Beuckelaer
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Monique Willart
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Lambrecht
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Koker
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xavier Saelens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan Grooten
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Looser V, Bruhlmann B, Bumbak F, Stenger C, Costa M, Camattari A, Fotiadis D, Kovar K. Cultivation strategies to enhance productivity of Pichia pastoris: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1177-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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The human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671--Towards an innovative production platform for glycosylated biopharmaceuticals. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 115:83-94. [PMID: 26272370 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The market of therapeutic glycoproteins (including coagulation factors, antibodies, cytokines and hormones) is one of the profitable, fast-growing and challenging sectors of the biopharmaceutical industry. Although mammalian cell culture is still expensive and technically complex, the ability to produce desired post-translational modifications, in particular glycosylation, is a major issue. Glycans can influence ligand binding, serum half-life as well as biological activity or product immunogenicity. Aiming to establish a novel production platform for recombinant glycoproteins, the human TE671 cell line was investigated. Since the initial analysis of cell membrane proteins showed a promising glycosylation of TE671 cells for biotechnological purposes, we focused on the recombinant expression of two model glycoproteins of therapeutical relevance. The optimization of the cell transfection procedure and serum-free expression succeeded for the human serine protease inhibitor alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) and the hematopoietic cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). N-glycan analyses of both purified proteins by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry provided first fundamental insights into the TE671 glycosylation potential. Besides protein specific pattern, strong distinctions - in particular for N-glycan fucosylation and sialylation - were observed depending on the medium conditions of the respective TE671 cell cultivations. The cell line's ability to synthesize complex and highly sialylated N-glycan structures has been shown. Our results demonstrate the TE671 cell line as a serious alternative to other existing human expression systems.
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Cloning and expression of recombinant human GMCSF from Pichia pastoris GS115--a progressive strategy for economic production. Am J Ther 2015; 21:462-9. [PMID: 24531404 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGMCSF) is a proinflammatory cytokine and hematopoietic growth factor. Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGMCSF) serves as a biotherapeutic agent in bone marrow stimulations, vaccine development, gene therapy approaches, and stem cell mobilization. The objective of the present study includes construction of rhGMCSF having N-terminal intein tag, expression of protein both extracellularly and intracellularly from yeast expression system followed by its purification in a single step by affinity chromatography. The soluble and biologically active rhGMCSF was obtained from Pichia pastoris GS115. About 122 g DCW/L of final yield was obtained for both cytosolic and secretory expression of Pichia GS115 strain. Purified intracellular hGMCSF was 420 mg/L with a specific activity of 2.1×10⁸ IU/mg, and the purified extracellular recombinant protein was 360 mg/L with a specific activity of 1.9×10⁸ IU/mg. The data presented here indicate the possibilities of exploring the economic ways of producing the rhGMCSF.
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Kuhn J, Müller H, Salzig D, Czermak P. A rapid method for an offline glycerol determination during microbial fermentation. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Barrigon JM, Valero F, Montesinos JL. A macrokinetic model-based comparative meta-analysis of recombinant protein production byPichia pastorisunderAOX1promoter. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1132-45. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Barrigon
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EE; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Francisco Valero
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EE; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - José Luis Montesinos
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EE; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
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Quo vadis? The challenges of recombinant protein folding and secretion in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:2925-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6470-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Inactivation of a GAL4-like transcription factor improves cell fitness and product yield in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strains. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 81:260-71. [PMID: 25344235 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02619-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With a completely reengineered and humanized glycosylation pathway, glycoengineered Pichia pastoris has emerged as a promising production host for the manufacture of therapeutic glycoproteins. However, the extensive genetic modifications have also negatively affected the overall fitness levels of the glycoengineered host cells. To make glycoengineered Pichia strains more compatible with a scalable industrial fermentation process, we sought to identify genetic solutions to broadly improve cell robustness during fermentation. In this study, we report that mutations within the Pichia pastoris ATT1 (PpATT1) gene (a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae GAL4 [ScGAL4] transcriptional activator) dramatically increased the cellular fitness levels of glycoengineered Pichia strains. We demonstrate that deletion of the PpATT1 gene enabled glycoengineered Pichia strains to improve their thermal tolerance levels, reduce their cell lysis defects, and greatly improve fermentation robustness. The extension of the duration of fermentation enabled the PpATT1-modified glycoengineered Pichia strains to increase their product yields significantly without any sacrifice in product quality. Because the ATT1 gene could be deleted from any Pichia strains, including empty hosts and protein-expressing production strains alike, we suggest that the findings described in this study are broadly applicable to any Pichia strains used for the production of therapeutic proteins, including monoclonal antibodies, Fc fusions, peptides, hormones, and growth factors.
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Expression of recombinant human mast cell chymase with Asn-linked glycans in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 102:69-75. [PMID: 25131858 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human mast cell chymase (rhChymase) was expressed in secreted form as an active enzyme in the SuperMan5 strain of GlycoSwitch® Pichia pastoris, which is engineered to produce proteins with (Man)5(GlcNAc)2 Asn-linked glycans. Cation exchange and heparin affinity chromatography yielded 5mg of active rhChymase per liter of fermentation medium. Purified rhChymase migrated on SDS-PAGE as a single band of 30 kDa and treatment with peptide N-glycosidase F decreased this to 25 kDa, consistent with the established properties of native human chymase (hChymase). Polyclonal antibodies against hChymase detected rhChymase by Western blot. Active site titration with Eglin C, a potent chymase inhibitor, quantified the concentration of purified active enzyme. Kinetic analyses with succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe (suc-AAPF) p-nitroanilide and thiobenzyl ester synthetic substrates showed that heparin significantly reduced KM, whereas heparin effects on kcat were minor. Pure rhChymase with Asn-linked glycans closely resembles hChymase. This bioengineering approach avoided hyperglycosylation and provides a source of active rhChymase for other studies as well as a foundation for production of recombinant enzyme with human glycosylation patterns.
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Meehl MA, Stadheim TA. Biopharmaceutical discovery and production in yeast. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 30:120-7. [PMID: 25014890 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The selection of an expression platform for recombinant biopharmaceuticals is often centered upon suitable product titers and critical quality attributes, including post-translational modifications. Although notable differences between microbial, yeast, plant, and mammalian host systems exist, recent advances have greatly mitigated any inherent liabilities of yeasts. Yeast expression platforms are important to both the supply of marketed biopharmaceuticals and the pipelines of novel therapeutics. In this review, recent advances in yeast-based expression of biopharmaceuticals will be discussed. The advantages of using glycoengineered yeast as a production host and in the discovery space will be illustrated. These advancements, in turn, are transforming yeast platforms from simple production systems to key technological assets in the discovery and selection of biopharmaceutical lead candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Meehl
- GlycoFi, Biologics Research, Merck & Co., Inc., 16 Cavendish Court, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Terrance A Stadheim
- GlycoFi, Biologics Research, Merck & Co., Inc., 16 Cavendish Court, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA.
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Abstract
The knowledge of certain strain specific parameters of recombinant P. pastoris strains is required to be able to set up a feeding regime for fed-batch cultivations. To date, these parameters are commonly determined either by time-consuming and labor-intensive continuous cultivations or by several, consecutive fed-batch cultivations. Here, we describe a fast method based on batch experiments with methanol pulses to extract certain strain characteristic parameters, which are required to set up a dynamic feeding strategy for P. pastoris strains based on specific substrate uptake rate (q(s)). We further describe in detail the course of actions which have to be taken to obtain the desired dynamics during feeding.
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Abstract
Within the last two decades, the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris has become an important alternative to E. coli or mammalian cell lines for the production of recombinant proteins. Easy handling, strong promoters, and high cell density cultivations as well as the capability of posttranslational modifications are some of the major benefits of this yeast. The high secretion capacity and low level of endogenously secreted proteins further promoted the rapid development of a versatile Pichia pastoris toolbox. This chapter reviews common and new "Pichia tools" and their specific features. Special focus is given to expression strains, such as different methanol utilization, protease-deficient or glycoengineered strains, combined with application highlights. Different promoters and signal sequences are also discussed.
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Vogl T, Hartner FS, Glieder A. New opportunities by synthetic biology for biopharmaceutical production in Pichia pastoris. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 24:1094-101. [PMID: 23522654 PMCID: PMC3841573 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biopharmaceuticals are an integral part of modern medicine and pharmacy. Both, the development and the biotechnological production of biopharmaceuticals are highly cost-intensive and require suitable expression systems. In this review we discuss established and emerging tools for reengineering the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris for biopharmaceutical production. Recent advancements of this industrial expression system through synthetic biology include synthetic promoters to avoid methanol induction and to fine-tune protein production. New platform strains and molecular cloning tools as well as in vivo glycoengineering to produce humanized glycoforms have made P. pastoris an important host for biopharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | | | - Anton Glieder
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), Petersgasse 14, Graz A-8010, Austria
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Spadiut O, Zalai D, Dietzsch C, Herwig C. Quantitative comparison of dynamic physiological feeding profiles for recombinant protein production with Pichia pastoris. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:1163-72. [PMID: 24213806 PMCID: PMC4015061 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris is widely used for the production of recombinant proteins in industrial biotechnology. In general, industrial production processes describe fed-batch processes based on the specific growth rate. Recently, we introduced the specific substrate uptake rate (qs) as a novel parameter to design fed-batch strategies for P. pastoris. We showed that a dynamic feeding strategy where the feed was adjusted in steps to the maximum specific substrate uptake rate was superior to more traditional strategies in terms of specific productivity. In the present study, we compare three different dynamic feeding strategies based on qs for a recombinant P. pastoris strain with respect to cell physiology, methanol accumulation, productivity and product quality. By comparing (A) a feeding profile at constant high qs, (B) a periodically adjusted feeding profile for a stepwise qs ramp, and (C) a feeding profile at linear increasing qs, we evaluated potential effects of the mode of feeding. Although a dynamic feeding strategy with stepwise increases of qs to qs max resulted in the highest specific productivity, a feeding profile where the feeding rate was stepwise increased to a constant high qs value was superior in terms of the amount of active enzyme produced and in the amount of accumulated methanol. Furthermore, this feeding strategy could be run automatically by integrating an online calculator tool, thus rendering manual interventions by the operator unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Spadiut
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
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41
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Abstract
New antibody derivatives are continuously being generated to interact with a range of therapeutic targets. The cost-effective and efficient production of these and other antibody derivatives is crucial for their further success. Here, we describe the construction of the expression vectors needed for heterologous expression of a Fab fragment in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The experimental conditions for lab-scale expressions are discussed, and an overview of an efficient purification strategy is presented.
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Dietzsch C, Spadiut O, Herwig C. A fast approach to determine a fed batch feeding profile for recombinant Pichia pastoris strains. Microb Cell Fact 2011; 10:85. [PMID: 22032177 PMCID: PMC3214193 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-10-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The microorganism Pichia pastoris is a commonly used microbial host for the expression of recombinant proteins in biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industry. To speed up process development, a fast methodology to determine strain characteristic parameters, which are needed to subsequently set up fed batch feeding profiles, is required. Results Here, we show the general applicability of a novel approach to quantify a certain minimal set of bioprocess-relevant parameters, i.e. the adaptation time of the culture to methanol, the specific substrate uptake rate during the adaptation phase and the maximum specific substrate uptake rate, based on fast and easy-to-do batch cultivations with repeated methanol pulses in a batch culture. A detailed analysis of the adaptation of different P. pastoris strains to methanol was conducted and revealed that each strain showed very different characteristics during adaptation, illustrating the need of individual screenings for an optimal parameter definition during this phase. Based on the results obtained in batch cultivations, dynamic feeding profiles based on the specific substrate uptake rate were employed for different P. pastoris strains. In these experiments the maximum specific substrate uptake rate, which had been defined in batch experiments, also represented the upper limit of methanol uptake, underlining the validity of the determined process-relevant parameters and the overall experimental strategy. Conclusion In this study, we show that a fast approach to determine a minimal set of strain characteristic parameters based on easy-to-do batch cultivations with methanol pulses is generally applicable for different P. pastoris strains and that dynamic fed batch strategies can be designed on the specific substrate uptake rate without running the risk of methanol accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dietzsch
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
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Dietzsch C, Spadiut O, Herwig C. A dynamic method based on the specific substrate uptake rate to set up a feeding strategy for Pichia pastoris. Microb Cell Fact 2011; 10:14. [PMID: 21371310 PMCID: PMC3059269 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-10-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pichia pastoris is one of the most important host organisms for the recombinant production of proteins in industrial biotechnology. To date, strain specific parameters, which are needed to set up feeding profiles for fed batch cultivations, are determined by time-consuming continuous cultures or consecutive fed batch cultivations, operated at different parameter sets. Results Here, we developed a novel approach based on fast and easy to do batch cultivations with methanol pulses enabling a more rapid determination of the strain specific parameters specific substrate uptake rate qs, specific productivity qp and the adaption time (Δtimeadapt) of the culture to methanol. Based on qs, an innovative feeding strategy to increase the productivity of a recombinant Pichia pastoris strain was developed. Higher specific substrate uptake rates resulted in increased specific productivity, which also showed a time dependent trajectory. A dynamic feeding strategy, where the setpoints for qs were increased stepwise until a qs max of 2.0 mmol·g-1·h-1 resulted in the highest specific productivity of 11 U·g-1·h-1. Conclusions Our strategy describes a novel and fast approach to determine strain specific parameters of a recombinant Pichia pastoris strain to set up feeding profiles solely based on the specific substrate uptake rate. This approach is generic and will allow application to other products and other hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dietzsch
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
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