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Gopinath I, Hossain F, Thambiyannan S, Sharma N, Duo H, Kasana RK, Katral A, Devlash R, Veluchamy SSKR, Zunjare RU, Sekhar JC, Guleria SK, Rajasekaran R, Muthusamy V. Unraveling popping quality through insights on kernel physical, agro-morphological, and quality traits of diverse popcorn (Zea mays var. everta) inbreds from indigenous and exotic germplasm. Food Res Int 2024; 191:114676. [PMID: 39059938 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Popcorn is a specialty corn with worldwide popularity as a snack. Despite having great market demand, genetic improvement in popping quality is limited, which is caused by the limited germplasm utilization and narrow genetic base. An assortment of diverse germplasm, their effective characterization, and integration into popcorn breeding pipeline is the foundation for an efficient breeding program. Here, kernel characteristics, popping quality traits, and agro-morphological traits were evaluated across three locations on a diverse panel of 48 popcorn inbreds derived from diverse landraces and populations of exotic and indigenous origin. The variations due to genotypes, locations, and genotype × location interaction were highly significant. The popping quality traits recorded wide variation with a high coefficient of genotypic determination. The kernel dimensions, kernel density, test weight, and grain yield were negatively correlated with popping quality traits. Genotypes with rice-type kernels exhibited better popping quality than pearl-type kernels. Analysis of genotype × location (G×L) interaction identified two target locations for the key popping quality trait, popping expansion volume. PMI-PC-175, PMI-PC-187, PMI-PC-188, and PMI-PC-189 were identified as superior genotypes over checks for desirable popping quality, agronomic performance, and high grain yield. The contrasting inbreds for popping quality and flake shape (mushroom vs. butterfly) can be utilized for developing mapping populations to enhance our understanding of molecular aspects of popping quality traits. Further, the promising inbreds can be utilized in the genetic improvement of popcorn and crossed to develop superior popcorn hybrids. The results suggest a potential opportunity to establish an efficient popcorn breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikkurti Gopinath
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Firoz Hossain
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Neha Sharma
- HAREC, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Bajaura, India
| | - Hriipulou Duo
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra K Kasana
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashvinkumar Katral
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Devlash
- HAREC, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Bajaura, India
| | | | - Rajkumar U Zunjare
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Javaji C Sekhar
- Winter Nursery Centre, ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Satish K Guleria
- HAREC, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Bajaura, India
| | - Ravikesavan Rajasekaran
- Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Vignesh Muthusamy
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
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Abedini A, Zirak MR, Akbari N, Saatloo NV, Badeenezhad A, Sadighara P. Acrylamide; a neurotoxin in popcorns: a systematic review and meta-analysis. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2023; 38:647-653. [PMID: 35960600 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a known neurotoxic compound for humans. Foods that have high concentrations of acrylamide need to be identified. One of the food products containing acrylamide is popcorn. Popcorn is an important source of snacks for children, especially students. The presented study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the level of acrylamide in popcorn. The search was done in different databases with the keywords; acrylamide, popcorn, popped corn. 27 articles were found by searching various databases. After initial screening and full text evaluation, 8 articles were selected for systematic review and 6 articles for meta-analysis. The amount of acrylamide in this product was in the range of 1,017.7-106 μg/kg. Microwaved corn contains lower amounts of acrylamide than other methods of preparation. The type of popcorn also had an effect on the amount of acrylamide with Meta-regression. It was found that sweet popcorn contains higher amounts of acrylamide. The overall value of acrylamide concentration in popcorns was calculated to be 459.6 ± 220.3 μg/kg. This amount is high and requires measures to reduce the amount of acrylamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Abedini
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nader Akbari
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naiema Vakili Saatloo
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Badeenezhad
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Medical Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kappattanavar AM, Hecker P, Moontaha S, Steckhan N, Arnrich B. Food Choices after Cognitive Load: An Affective Computing Approach. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6597. [PMID: 37514891 PMCID: PMC10386123 DOI: 10.3390/s23146597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Psychology and nutritional science research has highlighted the impact of negative emotions and cognitive load on calorie consumption behaviour using subjective questionnaires. Isolated studies in other domains objectively assess cognitive load without considering its effects on eating behaviour. This study aims to explore the potential for developing an integrated eating behaviour assistant system that incorporates cognitive load factors. Two experimental sessions were conducted using custom-developed experimentation software to induce different stimuli. During these sessions, we collected 30 h of physiological, food consumption, and affective states questionnaires data to automatically detect cognitive load and analyse its effect on food choice. Utilising grid search optimisation and leave-one-subject-out cross-validation, a support vector machine model achieved a mean classification accuracy of 85.12% for the two cognitive load tasks using eight relevant features. Statistical analysis was performed on calorie consumption and questionnaire data. Furthermore, 75% of the subjects with higher negative affect significantly increased consumption of specific foods after high-cognitive-load tasks. These findings offer insights into the intricate relationship between cognitive load, affective states, and food choice, paving the way for an eating behaviour assistant system to manage food choices during cognitive load. Future research should enhance system capabilities and explore real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Hecker
- Digital Health-Connected Healthcare, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sidratul Moontaha
- Digital Health-Connected Healthcare, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nico Steckhan
- Digital Health-Connected Healthcare, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bert Arnrich
- Digital Health-Connected Healthcare, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
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Dada OA, Kutu FR. Bioavailability and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in popcorn kernel from sandy loam Ferric Luvisol amended with municipal solid waste compost. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:2389-2405. [PMID: 34213691 PMCID: PMC9213322 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Application of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) to marginal soil enhances crop growth but could also serve as source of pollutants into agroecosystem. There is scanty report on bioavailability of potentially toxic element (PTE) and the health risk of consuming popcorn kernel harvested from field fertilized with MSWC. Field trial was carried out in 2017-2019 to evaluate bioavailability of PTEs in kernel of popcorn harvested from field fertilized with MSWC. The trial was conducted at the experimental field of North-West University, Mafikeng campus South Africa. The treatments comprised three rates of MSWC including 0 t/ha (unamended, control), 4 t/ha and 8 t/ha arranged in randomized complete block design and replicated four times. One seed of popcorn was sown at 20 × 70 cm spacing per hole of 3 cm depth in a 6 × 4.2 m plot size. Growth and yield data were collected at maturity. Ears were harvested at maturity and the kernels were dried to 12% moisture content. Air-dried kernels (50 g) samples were collected and analyzed for essential mineral nutrient and some heavy metal(loid)s using ICP-MS. Measured concentrations of these heavy metal(loid)s were then used to calculate the health risk for adults and children. The results showed that uptake concentration was in the order K+ > HPO42- > Mg+2 > Ca2+ > Fe2+ > Cr6+ > Zn2+ > Mn2+ > Cu2+(mg/kg). Uptake concentration of metalloids: Al and Pd was significantly higher in the unamended. Bioavailability of PTE was highest in unamended plots. The average daily intake of the PTEs was within the recommended permissible level. The risk index value for oral pathway was < 1 for both adult and children population. Amending Ferric Luvisol with 80 t/ha MSWC enhanced popcorn growth and, concentration of accumulated PTEs in kernels at this rate, cannot pose health risk to both adult and children population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyeyemi A Dada
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area Research Group, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
| | - Funso R Kutu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela, South Africa
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Dhinagaran DA, Sathish T, Soong A, Theng YL, Best J, Tudor Car L. Conversational Agent for Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Change: Web-Based Feasibility Study. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e27956. [PMID: 34870611 PMCID: PMC8686401 DOI: 10.2196/27956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising incidence of chronic diseases is a growing concern, especially in Singapore, which is one of the high-income countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes. Interventions that promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes have been proven to be effective in reducing the progression of prediabetes to diabetes, but their in-person delivery may not be feasible on a large scale. Novel technologies such as conversational agents are a potential alternative for delivering behavioral interventions that promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes to the public. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using a conversational agent promoting healthy lifestyle behavior changes in the general population in Singapore. METHODS We performed a web-based, single-arm feasibility study. The participants were recruited through Facebook over 4 weeks. The Facebook Messenger conversational agent was used to deliver the intervention. The conversations focused on diet, exercise, sleep, and stress and aimed to promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes and improve the participants' knowledge of diabetes. Messages were sent to the participants four times a week (once for each of the 4 topics of focus) for 4 weeks. We assessed the feasibility of recruitment, defined as at least 75% (150/200) of our target sample of 200 participants in 4 weeks, as well as retention, defined as 33% (66/200) of the recruited sample completing the study. We also assessed the participants' satisfaction with, and usability of, the conversational agent. In addition, we performed baseline and follow-up assessments of quality of life, diabetes knowledge and risk perception, diet, exercise, sleep, and stress. RESULTS We recruited 37.5% (75/200) of the target sample size in 1 month. Of the 75 eligible participants, 60 (80%) provided digital informed consent and completed baseline assessments. Of these 60 participants, 56 (93%) followed the study through till completion. Retention was high at 93% (56/60), along with engagement, denoted by 50% (30/60) of the participants communicating with the conversational agent at each interaction. Acceptability, usability, and satisfaction were generally high. Preliminary efficacy of the intervention showed no definitive improvements in health-related behavior. CONCLUSIONS The delivery of a conversational agent for healthy lifestyle behavior change through Facebook Messenger was feasible and acceptable. We were unable to recruit our planned sample solely using the free options in Facebook. However, participant retention and conversational agent engagement rates were high. Our findings provide important insights to inform the design of a future randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - AiJia Soong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yin-Leng Theng
- Centre for Healthy and Sustainable Cities, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Best
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lorainne Tudor Car
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Hu Y, Ding M, Sampson L, Willett WC, Manson JE, Wang M, Rosner B, Hu FB, Sun Q. Intake of whole grain foods and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three prospective cohort studies. BMJ 2020; 370:m2206. [PMID: 32641435 PMCID: PMC7341349 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m2206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between the intake of total and individual whole grain foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN Prospective cohort studies. SETTING Nurses' Health Study (1984-2014), Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2017), and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2016), United States. PARTICIPANTS 158 259 women and 36 525 men who did not have type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reports of incident type 2 diabetes by participants identified through follow-up questionnaires and confirmed by a validated supplementary questionnaire. RESULTS During 4 618 796 person years of follow-up, 18 629 participants with type 2 diabetes were identified. Total whole grain consumption was categorized into five equal groups of servings a day for the three cohorts. After adjusting for lifestyle and dietary risk factors for diabetes, participants in the highest category for total whole grain consumption had a 29% (95% confidence interval 26% to 33%) lower rate of type 2 diabetes compared with those in the lowest category. For individual whole grain foods, pooled hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for type 2 diabetes in participants consuming one or more servings a day compared with those consuming less than one serving a month were 0.81 (0.77 to 0.86) for whole grain cold breakfast cereal, 0.79 (0.75 to 0.83) for dark bread, and 1.08 (1.00 to 1.17) for popcorn. For other individual whole grains with lower average intake levels, comparing consumption of two or more servings a week with less than one serving a month, the pooled hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.79 (0.75 to 0.83) for oatmeal, 0.88 (0.82 to 0.94) for brown rice, 0.85 (0.80 to 0.90) for added bran, and 0.88 (0.78 to 0.98) for wheat germ. Spline regression showed a non-linear dose-response association between total whole grain intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes where the rate reduction slightly plateaued at more than two servings a day (P<0.001 for curvature). For whole grain cold breakfast cereal and dark bread, the rate reduction plateaued at about 0.5 servings a day. For consumption of popcorn, a J shaped association was found where the rate of type 2 diabetes was not significantly raised until consumption exceeded about one serving a day. The association between higher total whole grain intake and lower risk of type 2 diabetes was stronger in individuals who were lean than in those who were overweight or obese (P=0.003 for interaction), and the associations did not vary significantly across levels of physical activity, family history of diabetes, or smoking status. CONCLUSION Higher consumption of total whole grains and several commonly eaten whole grain foods, including whole grain breakfast cereal, oatmeal, dark bread, brown rice, added bran, and wheat germ, was significantly associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. These findings provide further support for the current recommendations of increasing whole grain consumption as part of a healthy diet for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Laura Sampson
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Coco MG, Vinson JA. Analysis of Popcorn (Zea mays L. var. everta) for Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenolic Content. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8010022. [PMID: 30646597 PMCID: PMC6356482 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Popcorn, one of the most popular snack foods in the world, is known for being a high fiber, healthy food. Our research has found that commercial popcorn also contains significant amounts of the class of antioxidants known as phenolic acids. The total antioxidant power of raw and popped popcorn extract has been quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu and FRAP assays. The polyphenols were found exclusively in the pericarp of the kernel completely bound to the oligosaccharide fiber matrix. An in vitro digestion study was also performed to predict the phenolic acids' bioavailability. On average, nine commercial popcorn samples contain 5.93 ± 0.92 mg/g of total polyphenols after alkaline hydrolysis and 2.66 ± 0.15 mg/g after in vitro digestion as measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Furthermore, the popping process was found not to significantly decrease the antioxidant capacity. These results indicate that a considerable amount of the bound polyphenols are bioaccessible. Due to the high levels of bioaccessible polyphenols, popcorn may be a significant source of dietary polyphenol antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Coco
- Chemistry Department, Loyola Science Center, University of Scranton, 925 Ridge Row, Scranton, PA 18510, USA.
| | - Joe A Vinson
- Chemistry Department, Loyola Science Center, University of Scranton, 925 Ridge Row, Scranton, PA 18510, USA.
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Njike VY, Smith TM, Shuval O, Shuval K, Edshteyn I, Kalantari V, Yaroch AL. Snack Food, Satiety, and Weight. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:866-78. [PMID: 27633103 PMCID: PMC5015032 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In today's society, snacking contributes close to one-third of daily energy intake, with many snacks consisting of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods. Choices made with regard to snacking are affected by a multitude of factors on individual, social, and environmental levels. Social norms, for example, that emphasize healthful eating are likely to increase the intake of nutrient-rich snacks. In addition, satiety, the feeling of fullness that persists after eating, is an important factor in suppressing overconsumption, which can lead to overweight and obesity. Thus, eating snacks between meals has the potential to promote satiety and suppress overconsumption at the subsequent meal. Numerous studies have explored the relation between snack foods and satiety. These studies concluded that whole foods high in protein, fiber, and whole grains (e.g., nuts, yogurt, prunes, and popcorn) enhance satiety when consumed as snacks. Other foods that are processed to include protein, fiber, or complex carbohydrates might also facilitate satiety when consumed as snacks. However, studies that examined the effects of snack foods on obesity did not always account for satiety and the dietary quality and portion size of the snacks consumed. Thus, the evidence concerning the effects of snack foods on obesity has been mixed, with a number of interventional and observational studies not finding a link between snack foods and increased weight status. Although further prospective studies are warranted to conclusively determine the effects of snack foods on obesity risk, the consumption of healthful snacks likely affects satiety and promotes appetite control, which could reduce obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy L Yaroch
- The Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE
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Korczak R, Timm D, Ahnen R, Thomas W, Slavin JL. High Protein Pasta is Not More Satiating than High Fiber Pasta at a Lunch Meal, Nor Does it Decrease Mid-Afternoon Snacking in Healthy Men and Women. J Food Sci 2016; 81:S2240-5. [PMID: 27474885 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study compared satiety after high protein pasta (16 g protein, 6 g fiber), high fiber pasta (11 g protein, 8 g fiber) or control pasta (11 g protein, 6 g fiber) in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial. Participants were 36 healthy and men and women from the University of Minnesota campus. Fasted men and women ate calorie controlled, but macronutrient different pastas at 12:00 pm along with 500 mL of water. The primary outcome was satiety assessed by Visual Analogue Scales at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min daily after consuming the pastas. Secondary outcomes were calories consumed at an ad libitum snack at 3:00 pm, calories from food intake, gastrointestinal tolerance, and palatability. No differences were found among the pasta treatments for satiety, snacking, or gastrointestinal tolerance. Men ate significantly more calories for the rest of the (P = 0.007) after the high protein pasta versus the high fiber pasta (1701 ± 154 compared with 1083 ± 154) with control pasta being intermediate to the other treatments. No significant differences were found for gastrointestinal tolerance, but the palatability ratings showed the high protein pasta was less tasty (P = 0.03) and less pleasant (P = 0.01) than the other 2 pastas. Satisfaction was positively associated with pleasantness and negatively associated with aftertaste. Our results do not support the idea that high protein or high fiber pasta produces a greater satiety response compared to pasta with lower amounts of either nutrient. It is likely that since pasta is already a very satiating food, the subjects were unable to differentiate between the 3 conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee Korczak
- Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minn., 55108, U.S.A
| | - Derek Timm
- Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minn., 55108, U.S.A
| | - Rylee Ahnen
- Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minn., 55108, U.S.A
| | - William Thomas
- Div. of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Univ. of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minn., 55455, U.S.A
| | - Joanne L Slavin
- Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minn., 55108, U.S.A.
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Dong D, Bilger M, van Dam RM, Finkelstein EA. Consumption Of Specific Foods And Beverages And Excess Weight Gain Among Children And Adolescents. Health Aff (Millwood) 2015; 34:1940-8. [DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Dong
- Di Dong is a PhD student in health services and systems research at the Duke–National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School
| | - Marcel Bilger
- Marcel Bilger is an assistant professor in the Health Services and Systems Research Program at the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School
| | - Rob M. van Dam
- Rob M. van Dam is an associate professor in the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore
| | - Eric A. Finkelstein
- Eric A. Finkelstein is a professor in the Health Services and Systems Research Program at the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School and a research professor at the Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, in Durham, North Carolina
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