1
|
Hosler AS, Chen J, Arroyo MT, Neff RA, Bozlak CT, Romeiko XX, Feingold BJ. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, Food Acquisition Behavior, and Food Insecurity Before and After the COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2024; 30:550-557. [PMID: 38870372 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess changes in food acquisition behavior, food insecurity, and dietary behavior and identify factors associated with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption during the transitional period (before and after the initial vaccine rollout for all adults) of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Successive independent samples design. Online surveys were conducted from October 2020 to February 2021 (time 1, before the vaccine rollout) and from October 2021 to December 2021 (time 2, after the vaccine rollout). Descriptive analysis examined changes in food sources, food security, and daily FV consumption in cup equivalents (CEs) from time 1 to time 2. A multivariable logistic regression analysis examined factors associated with FV consumption. SETTING The Capital Region of New York State. PARTICIPANTS 1553 adults 18 years of age and older. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Meeting the 2020-2025 MyPlate daily FV consumption recommendations. RESULTS There were statistically significant (P < .05) increases in the use of supermarkets, eat-in restaurants, farmers' markets, and convenience stores from time 1 to time 2. Food insecurity (40.1% vs 39.4%) and FV consumption (2.6 CE vs 2.4 CE) slightly declined but not significantly. Home food procurement such as gardening and foraging (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.08-2.37) and shopping at food co-op/health food stores (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.07-2.49) were significantly associated with the FV outcome, and these relationships were not modified by food security status. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights the importance of food sources in understanding adult dietary behavior during the transitional period of the pandemic. Continuing efforts to monitor access to food sources, food insecurity, and dietary behavior are warranted as various COVID-related emergency food assistance measures have expired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko S Hosler
- Author Affiliations: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Dr Hosler and Dr Chen), Department of Environmental Health Sciences (Ms Torres Arroyo and Drs Romeiko and Feingold), Department of Health Policy, Management and Behavior (Dr Bozlak), University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York; and Department of Environmental Health and Engineering (Dr Neff), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ganasegeran K, Abdul Manaf MR, Safian N, Waller LA, Abdul Maulud KN, Mustapha FI. GIS-Based Assessments of Neighborhood Food Environments and Chronic Conditions: An Overview of Methodologies. Annu Rev Public Health 2024; 45:109-132. [PMID: 38061019 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-101322-031206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The industrial revolution and urbanization fundamentally restructured populations' living circumstances, often with poor impacts on health. As an example, unhealthy food establishments may concentrate in some neighborhoods and, mediated by social and commercial drivers, increase local health risks. To understand the connections between neighborhood food environments and public health, researchers often use geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial statistics to analyze place-based evidence, but such tools require careful application and interpretation. In this article, we summarize the factors shaping neighborhood health in relation to local food environments and outline the use of GIS methodologies to assess associations between the two. We provide an overview of available data sources, analytical approaches, and their strengths and weaknesses. We postulate next steps in GIS integration with forecasting, prediction, and simulation measures to frame implications for local health policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurubaran Ganasegeran
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; ,
- Clinical Research Center, Seberang Jaya Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; ,
| | - Nazarudin Safian
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; ,
| | - Lance A Waller
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud
- Earth Observation Centre (EOC), Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Feisul Idzwan Mustapha
- Public Health Division, Perak State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Perak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Siddiqui NZ, Wei L, Mackenbach JD, Pinho MGM, Helbich M, Schoonmade LJ, Beulens JWJ. Global positioning system-based food environment exposures, diet-related, and cardiometabolic health outcomes: a systematic review and research agenda. Int J Health Geogr 2024; 23:3. [PMID: 38321477 PMCID: PMC10848400 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-024-00362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geographic access to food may affect dietary choices and health outcomes, but the strength and direction of associations may depend on the operationalization of exposure measures. We aimed to systematically review the literature on up-to-date evidence on the association between food environment exposures based on Global Positioning System (GPS) and diet-related and cardiometabolic health outcomes. METHODS The databases PubMed, Embase.com, APA PsycInfo (via Ebsco), Cinahl (via Ebsco), the Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (via ProQuest) were searched from inception to October 31, 2022. We included studies that measured the activity space through GPS tracking data to identify exposure to food outlets and assessed associations with either diet-related or cardiometabolic health outcomes. Quality assessment was evaluated using the criteria from a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional studies. We additionally used four items from a quality assessment tool to specifically assess the quality of GPS measurements. RESULTS Of 2949 studies retrieved, 14 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. They were heterogeneous and represent inconsistent evidence. Yet, three studies found associations between food outlets and food purchases, for example, more exposure to junk food outlets was associated with higher odds of junk food purchases. Two studies found associations between greater exposure to fast food outlets and higher fast food consumption and out of three studies that investigated food environment in relation to metabolic outcomes, two studies found that higher exposure to an unhealthy food environment was associated with higher odds of being overweight. CONCLUSIONS The current and limited evidence base does not provide strong evidence for consistent associations of GPS-based exposures of the food environment with diet-related and cardiometabolic health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Z Siddiqui
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria G M Pinho
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Helbich
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linda J Schoonmade
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dakkumadugula A, Pankaj L, Alqahtani AS, Ullah R, Ercisli S, Murugan R. Space nutrition and the biochemical changes caused in Astronauts Health due to space flight: A review. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100875. [PMID: 38144801 PMCID: PMC10740090 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Astronauts required food that is healthy, nutritious, and tasted good, while also meeting their dietary needs. To ensure the astronauts' nutritional needs are met, a Nutritional Status Assessment Supplemental Medical Objective (Nutrition SMO) is conducted. This involves collecting blood and urine samples from the astronauts, which are then tested and analysed. The assessment looks for indications of bone health, muscle loss, hormonal imbalances, gastrointestinal functions, cardiovascular health, iron metabolism, ophthalmic changes, and immune changes that occur during space flight under conditions of microgravity or weightlessness. It was discovered that iron levels in astronauts tend to increase due to the decrease in body volume during space flight. It requires skilful optimization considering nutrient delivery, shelf life, and packaging of space food, while minimizing resource usage and ensuring reliability, safety, and addressing the physiological and psychological effects on the crew members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Dakkumadugula
- Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshaa Pankaj
- Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- HGF Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkiye
| | - Rajadurai Murugan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu R, Huang X, Zhang K, Lyu W, Ghosh D, Li Z, Chen X. Integrating human activity into food environments can better predict cardiometabolic diseases in the United States. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7326. [PMID: 37957191 PMCID: PMC10643374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases in the United States is presumably linked to an obesogenic retail food environment that promotes unhealthy dietary habits. Past studies, however, have reported inconsistent findings about the relationship between the two. One underexplored area is how humans interact with food environments and how to integrate human activity into scalable measures. In this paper, we develop the retail food activity index (RFAI) at the census tract level by utilizing Global Positioning System tracking data covering over 94 million aggregated visit records to approximately 359,000 food retailers across the United States over two years. Here we show that the RFAI has significant associations with the prevalence of multiple cardiometabolic diseases. Our study indicates that the RFAI is a promising index with the potential for guiding the development of policies and health interventions aimed at curtailing the burden of cardiometabolic diseases, especially in communities characterized by obesogenic dietary behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Weixuan Lyu
- Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Debarchana Ghosh
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Zhenlong Li
- Geoinformation and Big Data Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
- Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chan JA, Koster A, Eussen SJPM, Pinho MGM, Lakerveld J, Stehouwer CDA, Dagnelie PC, van der Kallen CJ, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Wesselius A, Bosma H. The association between the food environment and adherence to healthy diet quality: the Maastricht Study. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1775-1783. [PMID: 37340803 PMCID: PMC10478064 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to determine if healthier neighbourhood food environments are associated with healthier diet quality. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study using linear regression models to analyse data from the Maastricht Study. Diet quality was assessed using data collected with a FFQ to calculate the Dutch Healthy Diet (DHD). A buffer zone encompassing a 1000 m radius was created around each participant home address. The Food Environment Healthiness Index (FEHI) was calculated using a Kernel density analysis within the buffers of available food outlets. The association between the FEHI and the DHD score was analysed and adjusted for socio-economic variables. SETTING The region of Maastricht including the surrounding food retailers in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS 7367 subjects aged 40-75 years in the south of the Netherlands. RESULTS No relationship was identified between either the FEHI (B = 0·62; 95 % CI = -2·54, 3·78) or individual food outlets, such as fast food (B = -0·07; 95 % CI = -0·20, 0·07) and diet quality. Similar null findings using the FEHI were identified at the 500 m (B = 0·95; 95 % CI = -0·85, 2·75) and 1500 m (B = 1·57; 95 % CI = -3·30, 6·44) buffer. There was also no association between the food environment and individual items of the DHD including fruits, vegetables and sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSION The food environment in the Maastricht area appeared marginally unhealthy, but the differences in the food environment were not related to the quality of food that participants reported as intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Alexander Chan
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northern California VA Healthcare System, Martinez, CA, USA
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone JPM Eussen
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Gabriela M Pinho
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen DA Stehouwer
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carla J van der Kallen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen MJ van Greevenbroek
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Wesselius
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Bosma
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bivoltsis A, Christian H, Ambrosini GL, Hooper P, Pulker CE, Thornton L, Trapp GSA. The community food environment and its association with diet, health or weight status in Australia: A systematic review with recommendations for future research. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 34:328-365. [PMID: 36433658 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED This study systematically reviewed Australian literature to determine if an association exists between geospatial exposure to food outlets and diet, health or weight status. Recommendations for future research are provided. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in December 2021 using CINAHL Plus, PubMed and Web of Science databases. Data were extracted, as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality was assessed using an eight-item checklist. A descriptive synthesis of study characteristics and findings was carried out, stratified via study outcomes. RESULTS Of the 36 included articles, the majority were from Victoria (n = 19), involving adult participants (n = 30) and cross-sectional in design (n = 27). Overall, associations were mainly null (nonsignificant) for diet (80%), weight status (75%) and health outcomes (90%). Significant findings were mixed with no positive trend with study quality. CONCLUSIONS Six recommendations are suggested to address current knowledge gaps and limitations in the Australian evidence base: (1) Conduct research on different populations; (2) Employ robust study designs that can test the impact of change over time; (3) Improve the accuracy of food outlet data sources; (4) Improve food outlet geospatial exposure measures; (5) Improve measurement of outcome variables; and (6) Incorporate theoretical models into study design and data analysis. SO WHAT?: Improving the quality and consistency of research will be critical to informing locally relevant policy. Despite the present limitations in the evidence base, it is reasonable to assume that decisions to purchase and consume food are driven by availability and access. Thus, policy and planning aimed at improving the overall "healthiness" of the community food environment by increasing access to healthy food outlets is warranted to ensure that healthy options are easier choice for all.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayley Christian
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gina L Ambrosini
- Public and Aboriginal Health Division, Western Australian Department of Health, East Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paula Hooper
- The Australian Urban Design Research Centre (AUDRC), School of Design, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Claire E Pulker
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.,Community & Population Health, East Metropolitan Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lukar Thornton
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gina S A Trapp
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cervigni E, Hickling S, Olaru D. Using aggregated mobile phone location data to compare the realised foodscapes of different socio-economic groups. Health Place 2022; 75:102786. [PMID: 35313208 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The foodscape (the built food environment) is considered one of the driving factors of the higher burden of obesity and chronic disease observed in low socio-economic status (SES) groups. Traditional data collection methods struggle to accurately capture actual access and exposure to the foodscape (realised foodscape). We assess the use of anonymised mobile phone location data (location data) in foodscape studies by applying them to a case study in Perth, Western Australia to test the hypothesis that lower SES groups have poorer realised foodscapes than high SES groups. Kernel density estimation was used to calculate realised foodscapes of different SES groups and home foodscape typologies, which were compared to home foodscapes of the different groups. The location data enabled us to measure realised foodscapes of multiple groups over an extended period and at the city scale. Low SES groups had poor availability of food outlets, including unhealthy outlets, in their home and realised foodscapes and may be more susceptible to a poor home foodscape because of low mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Cervigni
- School of Social Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Siobhan Hickling
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Doina Olaru
- Business School, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Smagge BA, van der Velde LA, Kiefte-de Jong JC. The Food Environment Around Primary Schools in a Diverse Urban Area in the Netherlands: Linking Fast-Food Density and Proximity to Neighbourhood Disadvantage and Childhood Overweight Prevalence. Front Public Health 2022; 10:838355. [PMID: 35462826 PMCID: PMC9019046 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.838355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Netherlands, the neighbourhood food environment has received little attention in initiatives to combat overweight/obesity. This study maps the food environment around primary schools in The Hague, The Netherlands, and examines associations between neighbourhood disadvantage, the school food environment and childhood overweight using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Linear regression analyses were performed to test the association between schools' disadvantage scores (proxy for neighbourhood disadvantage) and relative fast-food density within 400 m and 1000 m and fast-food proximity. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to test the association between the school food environment and overweight prevalence among children in the respective sub-district in which the schools is found. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for the schools' disadvantage scores. Results show that fast-food outlets were available around most primary schools. Schools in disadvantaged neighbourhoods were closer to and surrounded by a higher number of fast-food restaurants, grillrooms and kebab shops. On the sub-district level, the density of such fast-food outlets was associated with overweight prevalence among children. These findings highlight the importance of national and local policies to improve the food environment, particularly in disadvantaged neighbourhoods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bente A Smagge
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care/LUMC-Campus the Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Laura A van der Velde
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care/LUMC-Campus the Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care/LUMC-Campus the Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, The Hague, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kegler MC, Prakash R, Hermstad A, Anderson K, Haardörfer R, Raskind IG. Food Acquisition Practices, Body Mass Index, and Dietary Outcomes by Level of Rurality. J Rural Health 2022; 38:228-239. [PMID: 33200835 PMCID: PMC8126566 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rural residents are more likely to be obese than urban residents. Research on how people navigate their local food environments through food acquisition behaviors, such as food shopping and restaurant use, in different types of communities may help to create a deeper understanding of the multilevel determinants of obesity. METHODS Data are from a national sample of US adults ages 18-75. Respondents were recruited from an online survey panel in 2015 and asked about food shopping, restaurant use, diet and weight (N = 3,883). Comparisons were made by level of rurality as assessed by Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC) and self-reported rurality of the area around their home. FINDINGS Food acquisition behaviors varied minimally by RUCC-defined level of rurality, with the exceptions of type and distance to primary food store. Rural residents drove further and were more likely to shop at small grocery stores and supercenters than were residents of semiurban or urban counties. In contrast, all of the food acquisition behaviors varied by self-reported rurality of residential areas. Respondents living in rural areas shopped for groceries less frequently, drove further, more commonly shopped at small grocery stores and supercenters, and used restaurants less frequently. In multivariable analyses, rural, small town, and suburban areas were each significantly associated with BMI and fruit and vegetable intake, but not percent energy from fat. CONCLUSION Findings show that self-reported rurality of residential area is associated with food acquisition behaviors and may partly explain rural-urban differences in obesity and diet quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C. Kegler
- Emory Prevention Research Center, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Radhika Prakash
- Emory Prevention Research Center, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - April Hermstad
- Emory Prevention Research Center, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kate Anderson
- Emory Prevention Research Center, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Regine Haardörfer
- Emory Prevention Research Center, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ilana G. Raskind
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Thomson JL, Goodman MH, Landry AS, Walls TI. Farmers’ Market versus Grocery Store Produce: Results of the Delta Produce Sources Study. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2021.1977207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Thomson
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Delta Human Nutrition Research Program, Stoneville, Mississippi, USA
| | - Melissa H. Goodman
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Delta Human Nutrition Research Program, Stoneville, Mississippi, USA
| | - Alicia S. Landry
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Tameka I. Walls
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Delta Human Nutrition Research Program, Stoneville, Mississippi, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fultz AK, Sundermeir SM, Katz S, Robson SM. More Frequent Food Shopping May Promote Fruit and Vegetable Intake: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:957-965. [PMID: 34452830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food shopping frequency may be an important modifiable factor related to increasing fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. Because of mixed findings of individual studies of shopping frequency, a systematic review is needed to examine findings across studies and store types. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of articles examining the relationship between frequency of food shopping and FV intake including examination of participation in federal nutrition assistance programs on FV intake, if reported. METHODS A search, guided by the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Metanalyses, using terms related to FV consumption and food shopping across 4 online databases, was conducted. Studies conducted in the US and published through October, 2020, included adults, and had a cross-sectional, longitudinal, cohort, or randomized study design were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Twenty-four articles were included. The majority of studies found at least 1 positive finding between the frequency of food shopping and FV intake, indicating that as the frequency of food shopping increased, FV intake increased. In studies with 100% participation in government/federal nutrition assistance programs, participation was associated with FV intake. Studies that included participation as a subset found participation not associated with FV intake. IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE The frequency of shopping may be modifiable to increase FV intake. Experimental research is needed to test the directionality and causality of the relationship. Federal nutrition assistance programs may be a logical place to test the relationship through the adjustment of fund disbursements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Fultz
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE; Center for Health Behavior Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Samantha M Sundermeir
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sarah Katz
- Health Science Librarian, University of Delaware Library, Museums and Press, Newark, DE
| | - Shannon M Robson
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Marwa WL, Radley D, Davis S, McKenna J, Griffiths C. Exploring factors affecting individual GPS-based activity space and how researcher-defined food environments represent activity space, exposure and use of food outlets. Int J Health Geogr 2021; 20:34. [PMID: 34320996 PMCID: PMC8316713 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-021-00287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity remains one of the most challenging public health issues of our modern time. Despite the face validity of claims for influence, studies on the causes of obesity have reported the influence of the food environment to be inconsistent. This inconsistency has been attributed to the variability of measures used by researchers to represent the food environments—Researcher-Defined Food Environments (RDFE) like circular, street-network buffers, and others. This study (i.) determined an individual’s Activity Space (AS) (ii.) explored the accuracy of the RDFE in representing the AS, (iii.) investigated the accuracy of the RDFE in representing actual exposure, and (iv.) explored whether exposure to food outlet reflects the use of food outlets. Methods Data were collected between June and December 2018. A total of 65 participants collected Global Positioning System (GPS) data, kept receipt of all their food purchases, completed a questionnaire about their personal information and had their weight and height measured. A buffer was created around the GPS points and merged to form an AS (GPS-based AS). Results Statistical and geospatial analyses found that the AS size of participants working away from home was positively related to the Euclidean distance from home to workplace; the orientation (shape) of AS was also influenced by the direction of workplace from home and individual characteristics were not predictive of the size of AS. Consistent with some previous studies, all types and sizes of RDFE variably misrepresented individual exposure in the food environments. Importantly, the accuracy of the RDFE was significantly improved by including both the home and workplace domains. The study also found no correlation between exposure and use of food outlets. Conclusions Home and workplace are key activity nodes in modelling AS or food environments and the relationship between exposure and use is more complex than is currently suggested in both empirical and policy literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samantha Davis
- Leeds Beckett University, City Campus, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK
| | - James McKenna
- Leeds Beckett University, Headingley Campus, Leeds, LS6 3QS, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gillespie R, DeWitt E, Norman-Burgdolf H, Dunnaway B, Gustafson A. Community-Based Efforts Aim to Improve the Food Environment within a Highly Obese Rural Appalachian County. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072200. [PMID: 34206825 PMCID: PMC8308232 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural communities in Appalachia are displaying increased obesity prevalence, yet traditional interventions have not provided a broad enough impact to improve dietary consumption patterns. Therefore, expanding efforts that address the food environment and incorporate behavioral nudges through community-developed marketing strategies may be a viable mechanism to improve food and beverage choices within this unique population. This study installed shelf-wobblers across n = 5 gas stations in one rural Appalachian county in Kentucky. Smart Snacks were identified from store inventory lists utilizing the CDC Food Service Guideline for Federal Facilities calculator and were categorized into high-protein snacks, low-fat carbohydrate snacks, meal replacement snacks, and no-calorie beverages. NEMS-CS audits were conducted, and monthly sales data was collected at baseline and for six months thereafter for each store location. A difference-in-difference model was used, adjusting for total sales or total mean sales for each Smart Snack model to assess the percentage change within and between stores. Overall, percent change in mean sales and total sales across all stores resulted in a percentage increase of sales of Smart Snack items following wobbler installment. This study provides unique insight into how a community-driven approach to marketing can influence the sale of healthier food and beverage items.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Gillespie
- Family Consumer Sciences Extension, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-859-257-7793
| | - Emily DeWitt
- Family Consumer Sciences Extension, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA;
| | - Heather Norman-Burgdolf
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; (H.N.-B.); (B.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Brynnan Dunnaway
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; (H.N.-B.); (B.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Alison Gustafson
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; (H.N.-B.); (B.D.); (A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Backes V, Costa JSDD, Bairros FSD, Cafruni CB, Olinto MTA. [Food environment in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: the association with neighborhood sociodemographic variables]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:1965-1976. [PMID: 34076136 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021265.15972019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this study is to describe the food environment of a medium-sized municipality in southern Brazil and compare the availability of different types of food outlets in neighborhood socioeconomic and demographic environments. An ecological study was carried out in 45 buffers of 400m in São Leopoldo county, RS. The buffer was calculated from the center point of the residences of women participating in a larger research project. All streets were surveyed to identify food stores and record their geographical coordinates, as well as apply the NEMS questionnaire on the availability, price and quality of 108 items. The commercial outlets were classified as supermarkets, grocery stores, fruit stores and convenience stores. Supermarkets and grocery stores were present in higher quantity in lower income buffers and grocery stores were more prevalent in those with higher population tertiles. Another result was a direct relationship between NEMS and tertile income scores for supermarkets, grocery stores and fruit stores, and an indirect relationship for the same stores and population tertile. The availability of healthy food was higher in areas with higher income and lower numbers of inhabitants, indicating the need for better distribution of food stores and availability of varieties of food in the municipality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Backes
- Secretaria Municipal de Educação, Esporte e Lazer, Prefeitura Municipal de São Leopoldo. Av. Dom João Becker, Centro. 93022-250 São Leopoldo RS Brasil.
| | | | - Fernanda Souza de Bairros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre RS Brasil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
The association of dimensions of fruit and vegetable access in the retail food environment with consumption; a systematic review. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY-AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT 2021; 29:100528. [PMID: 34164256 PMCID: PMC8202327 DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of fruit and vegetables (F&V) is important for human health to protect against non-communicable disease and micronutrient deficiency. Increasing consumption of F&V may also benefit planetary health if these foods are substituted for foods with higher environmental footprints such as red meat or dairy. The retail food environment (RFE) is an influential junction between the food system and individual diets as it drives access to F&V through external (physical access) and personal (availability, affordability, acceptability) domains. We performed a systematic search of six literature databases (January 2021) for studies assessing access to F&V in the RFE and its association with F&V consumption in adults in high- and upper-middle income countries. 36 studies were identified and categorised by dimensions of food access – accessibility, affordability, acceptability, availability and accommodation. More than half of the studies (n = 20) were based in the USA. F&V accessibility was the most commonly reported dimension (n = 29); no study reported on accommodation. 6 studies were rated to be high quality. A positive association of increased availability of F&V options in the RFE with intake was identified in 9 of 15 studies. Associations in both acceptability and accessibility dimensions were inconsistent. No association was observed between F&V affordability and consumption although available data were limited. Many challenges exist to building a robust evidence base within food environment research including conceptual, definitional and methodological heterogeneity and measurement standardisation. Future food policies should consider multi-dimensional interventions to promote access to F&V in the RFE across all domains. First systematic review of dimensions of access in the retail food environment (RFE) and fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake. This review suggests potential importance of having access to available healthy options in the RFE for F&V intake. The absence of an association of F&V affordability with consumption is likely due to limited and mixed data availability. F&V accessibility and acceptability require development as dimensions of access for clearer links to be made. The retail food environment is complex but likely predictor of F&V consumption.
Collapse
|
17
|
Consumer Food Environment Healthiness Score: Development, Validation, and Testing between Different Types of Food Retailers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073690. [PMID: 33916263 PMCID: PMC8037126 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scoring system, based on AUDITNOVA, to assess the healthiness of the consumer food environment, considering food availability, price, advertising, and placement strategies. Audited data of 650 food retailers were used to develop, validate, and test the consumer food environment healthiness score. To compose the score, the reference was the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. The total and subscores were standardized for a scale from 0 to 100. Construct validity was assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis Dunn tests. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated to determine the consistency of the scores. The median score was 33.7 (p25 = 26.9; p75 = 42.1). The public and private specialized indoor fresh food markets showed the highest medians; otherwise, bakeries and food retailers with the predominant sale of ultra-processed foods showed the lowest. The score was able to satisfactorily classify the extreme food retailer groups by the predominant sale of fresh or minimally processed foods and the predominant sale of ultra-processed foods. The results of Cronbach’s alpha showed excellent internal consistency (α = 0.91). The score helped to provide an overall assessment of consumer food environment healthiness and was able to classify food retailer groups as healthy and unhealthy according to the degree of processing of the available foods.
Collapse
|
18
|
Dhakal CK, Khadka S. Heterogeneities in Consumer Diet Quality and Health Outcomes of Consumers by Store Choice and Income. Nutrients 2021; 13:1046. [PMID: 33804858 PMCID: PMC8063805 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and other diet-related health conditions have received much attention in the public health literature over the past two decades. This study investigates the relationship between household food budget shares at different food outlets with diet quality and weight-related health outcomes in the United States. Our analysis used event-level food purchase data from the national household food acquisition and purchases survey (FoodAPS). We find that, after controlling for observables, food purchase location is significantly associated with diet quality and body mass index (BMI). Our findings indicate that larger food budget shares at convenience stores and restaurants are linked with poor diet quality based on the healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores and higher BMI. We further explored potential heterogeneity on outcomes of interest across income groups. Results suggest heterogeneous effects may exist across income groups: low-income households, who spent a larger share of their food budget at convenience stores and fast-food restaurants are related to poor diet quality and more likely to be obese. Our findings will help improve understanding of the causes of diet-related health problems and may illuminate potential avenues of intervention to address obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K. Dhakal
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Borges CA, Gabe KT, Canella DS, Jaime PC. Caracterização das barreiras e facilitadores para alimentação adequada e saudável no ambiente alimentar do consumidor. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2021; 37Suppl 1:e00157020. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00157020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar potenciais barreiras e facilitadores para alimentação saudável no ambiente alimentar do consumidor e analisar a associação com diferentes tipos de estabelecimentos comerciais tendo como referencial teórico o Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. Estudo transversal realizado no Município de Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brasil, com auditoria do ambiente alimentar do consumidor realizada em 650 comércios varejistas. Foram identificados barreiras e facilitadores das escolhas alimentares saudáveis no ambiente interno dos comércios. Análise fatorial foi utilizada para estimar fatores que caracterizassem o ambiente segundo barreiras e facilitadores. Regressão linear foi utilizada para avaliar a associação entre os fatores e as diferentes categorias de estabelecimentos. A maioria dos estabelecimentos tinham venda prioritária de ultraprocessados. Do total de comércios estudados, 75,9% disponibilizavam bebidas açucaradas; 37% arroz, feijão e 30% frutas e hortaliças. O primeiro fator caracterizou-se pela presença tanto de barreiras quanto de facilitadores (fator misto), o segundo fator caracterizou-se por mais facilitadores e o terceiro por maior presença de barreiras no ambiente do consumidor. Supermercados foram associados positivamente com os três fatores (valor de p < 0,001). Os sacolões/hortifrutis públicos e privados, os mercados de bairro tiveram associação positiva com o fator mais facilitadores (valor de p < 0,001). Os mercados e padarias se associaram positivamente ao fator mais barreiras (valor de p < 0,001). Os padrões que caracterizam barreiras e facilitadores para alimentação saudável diferem de forma significativa segundo tipos de comércios.
Collapse
|
20
|
Shaw SC, Ntani G, Baird J, Vogel CA. A systematic review of the influences of food store product placement on dietary-related outcomes. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:1030-1045. [PMID: 32483615 PMCID: PMC7666915 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Product placement strategies have been used to influence customers' food purchases in food stores for some time; however, assessment of the evidence that these techniques can limit unhealthy, and promote healthy, food choices has not been completed. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to determine how product placement strategies, availability, and positioning, in physical retail food stores located in high-income countries, influence dietary-related behaviors. DATA SOURCES From a search of 9 databases, 38 articles, 17 observational studies, and 22 intervention studies met the study inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers independently extracted data relating to study design, study population, exposures, outcomes, and key results. Each study was also assessed for risk of bias in relation to the research question. DATA ANALYSIS Meta-analysis was not possible owing to heterogeneous study designs and outcomes. As recommended by Cochrane, results were synthesized in effect direction plots using a vote-counting technique which recorded the direction of effect and significance level according to the expected relationship for health improvement. CONCLUSIONS The majority of studies showed that greater availability and more prominent positioning of healthy foods, or reduced availability and less prominent positioning of unhealthy foods, related to better dietary-related behaviors. A large number of results, however, were nonsignificant, which likely reflects the methodological difficulties inherent in this research field. Adequately powered intervention studies that test both the independent and additive effects of availability and positioning strategies are needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. 42016048826.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Shaw
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Georgia Ntani
- UK Arthritis Research UK/MRC Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Janis Baird
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Christina A Vogel
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Drisdelle C, Kestens Y, Hamelin AM, Mercille G. Disparities in Access to Healthy Diets: How Food Security and Food Shopping Behaviors Relate to Fruit and Vegetable Intake. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1847-1858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Thornton LE, Lamb KE, White SR. The use and misuse of ratio and proportion exposure measures in food environment research. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:118. [PMID: 32957988 PMCID: PMC7507725 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The food stores within residential environments are increasingly investigated as a possible mechanism driving food behaviours and health outcomes. Whilst increased emphasis is being placed on the type of study designs used and how we measure the outcomes, surprisingly little attention gets diverted to the measures of the food environment beyond calls for standardised approaches for food store coding and geographic scales of exposure. Food environments are a challenging concept to measure and model and the use of ratio and proportion measures are becoming more common in food environment research. Whilst these are seemingly an advance on single store type indicators, such as simply counting the number of supermarkets or fast food restaurants present, they have several limitations that do not appear to have been fully considered. Main body In this article we report on five issues related to the use of ratio and proportion food environment measures: 1) binary categorisation of food stores; 2) whether they truly reflect a more or less healthy food environment; 3) issues with these measures not reflecting the quantity of food stores; 4) difficulties when no stores are present; and 5) complications in statistical treatment and interpretation of ratio and proportion measures. Each of these issues are underappreciated in the literature to date and highlight that ratio and proportion measures need to be treated with caution. Conclusion Calls for the broader adoption of relative food environment measures may be misguided. Whilst we should continue to search for better ways to represent the complexity of food environments, ratio and proportion measures are unlikely to be the answer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukar E Thornton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
| | - Karen E Lamb
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon R White
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
McNaughton SA, Pendergast FJ, Worsley A, Leech RM. Eating occasion situational factors and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in young adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:71. [PMID: 32493366 PMCID: PMC7271392 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Young adulthood represents an influential transitional period marked by poor dietary habits and excess weight gain. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are a major source of excess caloric intake among young adults, yet little is known about the correlates of SSB consumption. This study examines the individual and situational correlates of SSB consumption, using real-time assessment of Australian young adults’ eating occasions. Methods Dietary, sociodemographic and health behaviour data were collected during the Measuring EAting in Everyday Life (MEALS) study (n = 675 adults, 18–30 y). Participants reported all foods and beverages consumed over 3–4 non-consecutive days using a real-time Smartphone food diary application (“FoodNow”). For every eating occasion, food and beverage intake was recorded along with situational characteristics (eating location, purchase location, presence of others and activities while eating). A beverage occasion was defined as any eating occasion where a beverage was consumed and a SSB occasion was defined as any eating occasion where a SSB was consumed. Multilevel logistic regression was used to examine individual and situational characteristics with SSB intake at beverage occasions (i.e. factors associated with choosing a SSB over other non-alcoholic beverages) and to examine factors associated with consuming a SSB at any occasion where food and/or beverages were consumed. Results Thirty-five percent of participants consumed SSBs during the recording period (n = 237). Of the 2185 beverage eating occasions reported by SSB consumers, 481 (20%) contained a SSB. SSB were rarely consumed on their own (i.e. other foods were present). Having a lower than tertiary education (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.53 [1.16, 2.01]; p < 0.01); eating in a café/restaurant, compared to at home (3.02 [1.58, 5.78]; p < 0.001), and purchasing beverages from a convenience outlet, compared to a supermarket/grocery store (4.58 [2.85, 7.38]; p < 0.001) were associated with SSB intake at beverage eating occasions. Similar associations were also found when all food and/or beverage eating occasions were examined. Conclusion In this study, SSB were often consumed with other foods and intake was associated with individual and situational factors. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore how SSB are consumed in relation to their accompanying foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Felicity J Pendergast
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anthony Worsley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Rebecca M Leech
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Food insecurity is a substantial problem in nearly every advanced capitalist nation, with sizable portions of residents in many affluent countries struggling to eat healthily every day. Over time, a very large literature has developed that documents food insecurity, evaluates programs meant to reduce that insecurity, and proposes solutions to attenuate the problem. The purpose of the current review is to provide a very broad overview of the food insecurity literature, including definitions, measurement, areas of study, and impacts on health. Importantly, this review suggests there are two major causes of food insecurity in the advanced nations: economic inequality and neoliberalism. The food insecurity literature suggests that diminished government responsibility in advanced capitalist nations corresponds to an increase in feeding programs run by non-profit and charitable organizations. This review concludes by suggesting that, while a massive amount of research on food insecurity currently exists, more research is still needed to address gaps in the literature when it comes to significant events, coping strategies and disadvantaged populations.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sadler RC, Sanders-Jackson AN, Introne J, Adams R. A method for assessing links between objectively measured food store scores and store & neighborhood favorability. Int J Health Geogr 2019; 18:31. [PMID: 31881888 PMCID: PMC6935152 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-019-0195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, interest in research on methods to define access to healthy food at the local level has grown, given its central connection to carrying out a healthy lifestyle. Within this research domain, papers have examined the spatial element of food access, or individual perceptions about the food environment. To date, however, no studies have provided a method for linking a validated, objective measure of the food environment with qualitative data on how people access healthy food in their community. In this study, we present a methodology for linking scores from a modified Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (conducted at every store in our study site of Flint, Michigan) with perceptions of the acceptability of food stores and shopping locations drawn from seven focus groups (n = 53). Spatial analysis revealed distinct patterns in visiting and avoidance of certain store types. Chain stores tended to be rated more highly, while stores in neighborhoods with more African-American or poor residents were rated less favorably and avoided more frequently. Notably, many people avoided shopping in their own neighborhoods; participants traveled an average of 3.38 miles to shop for groceries, and 60% bypassed their nearest grocery store when shopping. The utility of our work is threefold. First, we provide a methodology for linking perceived and objective definitions of food access among a small sample that could be replicated in cities across the globe. Second, we show links between perceptions of food access and objectively measured food store scores to uncover inequalities in access in our sample to illustrate potential connections. Third, we advocate for the use of such data in informing the development of a platforms that aim to make the process of accessing healthy food easier via non-food retail based interventions. Future work can replicate our methods to both uncover patterns in distinct food environments and aid in advocacy around how to best intervene in the food environment in various locales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Sadler
- Division of Public Health, Michigan State University, 200 E 1st St Room 337, Flint, MI, 48502, USA.
| | | | - Josh Introne
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Robyn Adams
- Department of Advertising + Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Middel CNH, Schuitmaker-Warnaar TJ, Mackenbach JD, Broerse JEW. Systematic review: a systems innovation perspective on barriers and facilitators for the implementation of healthy food-store interventions. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:108. [PMID: 31752885 PMCID: PMC6868845 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their central position in the modern food system, food stores present a unique opportunity to promote healthy dietary behaviour. However, there is a lack of insight into the factors that impede or enhance the implementation of nutritional interventions in food stores. We applied a systems innovation and implementation science framework to the identification of such barriers and facilitators. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review. A search string was developed to identify qualitative and quantitative articles on environmental nutritional interventions in the food store. Four databases were systematically searched for studies published between 2000 and 2018. Eligible publications described study designs or original studies, focused on stimulating healthier dietary behaviour through environmental changes in retail settings and contained information on the perceptions or experiences of retailers or interventionists regarding the implementation process of the intervention. Context-descriptive data was extracted and a quality assessment was performed. RESULTS We included 41 articles, of which the majority was conducted in the USA and involved single stores or a mix of single and multi-store organisations. We categorized barriers and facilitators into 18 themes, under five domains. In the 'outer setting' domain, most factors related to consumers' preferences and demands, and the challenge of establishing a supply of healthy products. In the 'inner setting' domain, these related to conflicting values regarding health promotion and commercial viability, store lay-out, (insufficient) knowledge and work capacity, and routines regarding waste avoidance and product stocking. In the 'actors' domain, no major themes were found. For the 'intervention 'domain', most related to intervention-context fit, money and resource provision, material quality, and the trade-offs between commercial costs and risks versus commercial and health benefits. For the 'process' domain, most factors related to continuous engagement and strong relationships. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a comprehensive overview of barriers and facilitators to be taken into account when implementing nutritional interventions in food stores. Furthermore, we propose a novel perspective on implementation as the alignment of intervention and retail interests, and a corresponding approach to intervention design which may help avoid barriers, and leverage facilitators. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO; CRD42018095317.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric N. H. Middel
- Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Joreintje D. Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline E. W. Broerse
- Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Laska MN, Caspi CE, Lenk K, Moe SG, Pelletier JE, Harnack LJ, Erickson DJ. Evaluation of the first U.S. staple foods ordinance: impact on nutritional quality of food store offerings, customer purchases and home food environments. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:83. [PMID: 31533737 PMCID: PMC6751624 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many lower-income and racially diverse communities in the U.S. have limited access to healthy foods, with few supermarkets and many small convenience stores, which tend to stock limited quantities and varieties of healthy foods. To address food access, in 2015 the Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance became the first policy requiring food stores to stock minimum quantities and varieties of 10 categories of healthy foods/beverages, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains and other staples, through licensing. This study examined whether: (a) stores complied, (b) overall healthfulness of store environments improved, (c) healthy customer purchases increased, and (d) healthfulness of home food environments improved among frequent small store shoppers. METHODS Data for this natural (or quasi) experiment were collected at four times: pre-policy (2014), implementation only (no enforcement, 2015), enforcement initiation (2016) and continued monitoring (2017). In-person store assessments were conducted to evaluate food availability, price, quality, marketing and placement in randomly sampled food retailers in Minneapolis (n = 84) and compared to those in a nearby control city, St. Paul, Minnesota (n = 71). Stores were excluded that were: supermarkets, authorized through WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children), and specialty stores (e.g., spice shops). Customer intercept interviews were conducted with 3,039 customers exiting stores. Home visits, including administration of home food inventories, were conducted with a sub-sample of frequent shoppers (n = 88). RESULTS Overall, findings indicated significant improvements in healthy food offerings by retailers over time in both Minneapolis and St. Paul, with no significant differences in change between the two cities. Compliance was low; in 2017 only 10% of Minneapolis retailers in the sample were fully compliant, and 51% of participating Minneapolis retailers met at least 8 of the 10 required standards. Few changes were observed in the healthfulness of customer purchases or the healthfulness of home food environments among frequent shoppers, and changes were not different between cities. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first evaluation a local staple foods ordinance in the U.S. and reflects the challenges and time required for implementing such policies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02774330 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N. Laska
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA
| | - Caitlin E. Caspi
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Kathleen Lenk
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA
| | - Stacey G. Moe
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA
| | - Jennifer E. Pelletier
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA
| | - Lisa J. Harnack
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA
| | - Darin J. Erickson
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pinho MGM, Mackenbach JD, Charreire H, Oppert JM, Rutter H, Beulens JWJ, Brug J, Lakerveld J. Comparing Different Residential Neighborhood Definitions and the Association Between Density of Restaurants and Home Cooking Among Dutch Adults. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1796. [PMID: 31382624 PMCID: PMC6722945 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The definition of neighborhoods as areas of exposure to the food environment is a challenge in food environment research. We aimed to test the association of density of restaurants with home cooking using four different definitions of residential neighborhoods. We also tested effect modification by age, length of residency, education, and income. This innovative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Netherlands (N = 1245 adults). We calculated geographic information system-based measures of restaurant density using residential administrative neighborhood boundaries, 800 m and 1600 m buffers around the home and respondents' self-defined boundaries (drawn by the respondents on a map of their residential area). We used adjusted Poisson regression to test associations of restaurant density (tertiles) and the outcome "weekly consumption of home-cooked meals" (six to seven as compared to five days per week (day/week) or fewer). Most respondents reported eating home-cooked meals for at least 6 day/week (74.2%). Regardless of the neighborhood definition used, no association between food environment and home cooking was observed. No effect modification was found. Although exposure in terms of density of restaurants was different according to the four different neighborhood definitions, we found no evidence that the area under study influences the association between density of restaurants and home cooking among Dutch adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela M Pinho
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hélène Charreire
- Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), LabUrba, UPEC, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Huispost Str. 6.131, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Brug
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antoni van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Huispost Str. 6.131, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Vening Meinesz building A, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lorts C, Adams MA, Tasevska N, Tulloch D, Yedidia M, Hooker SP, Ohri-Vachaspati P. Community food environment moderates association between health care provider advice to lose weight and eating behaviors. Prev Med Rep 2019; 15:100926. [PMID: 31312593 PMCID: PMC6609833 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients who receive weight loss advice from a health care provider (HCP) are more likely to eat healthy. The food environment affects eating behaviors. This study explored how the community food environment may moderate the relationship between HCP advice to lose weight and eating behaviors. Data were obtained from a household telephone survey in 4 New Jersey cities from two cross-sectional panels (2009–10 and 2014). Analyses were limited to 1427 overweight and obese participants. Self-reports assessed frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables, sugar sweetened beverages, and fast food. Community food data were purchased from InfoUSA and Nielsen and classified according to previously established protocol. Stratified gamma regression analysis determined the differences in the association between receiving weight loss advice and eating behaviors stratified by community food environment. Stratified analyses revealed that receiving advice to lose weight from a HCP was associated with lower reported consumption of total sugar-sweetened beverages, soda, and sweetened fruit drinks when participants lived near a small grocery store, or far from a supermarket, limited service restaurant, or convenience store. There were no associations between receiving weight loss advice and sugar sweetened beverage consumption when participants lived near supermarkets, limited service restaurants, or convenience stores. There were no associations with fruit, vegetable, salad or fast-food consumption, regardless of the community food environment. Food environment may play a critical role in moderating the association between HCP advice and eating behaviors. Interventions that enhance the community food environment may help convert HCP advice into improved eating behaviors. Doctor's advice to lose weight associated with a lower frequency of consuming soda Food environment moderates relationship of weight loss advice and eating behaviors Association with lower soda consumption when participants lived near small grocery No associations when participants lived near fast food or convenience stores No associations with fruit, vegetable, or fast food intake
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cori Lorts
- Arizona State University, 500 N. 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Marc A Adams
- Arizona State University, 500 N. 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Natasha Tasevska
- Arizona State University, 500 N. 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - David Tulloch
- Rutgers University, 93 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8524, United States of America
| | - Michael Yedidia
- Rutgers University, 112 Paterson Street, 5th Floor, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-1293, United States of America
| | - Steven P Hooker
- Arizona State University, 500 N. 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Punam Ohri-Vachaspati
- Arizona State University, 500 N. 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zenk SN, Matthews SA, Kraft AN, Jones KK. How many days of global positioning system (GPS) monitoring do you need to measure activity space environments in health research? Health Place 2019; 51:52-60. [PMID: 29549754 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the number of days of global positioning system (GPS) monitoring needed to measure attributes of an individual's routine activity space. Multiple alternative activity space representations (cumulative, mean daily), measures (kernel density, route buffer, convex hull), and attributes (area size, supermarkets, fast food restaurants, parks) were examined. Results suggested wide variability in required GPS days to obtain valid estimates of activity space attributes (1-23 days). In general, fewer days were needed for mean daily activity space representations, kernel density measures, and densities of environmental exposures (vs. counts). While kernel density measures reliably estimated between-person differences in attributes after just a few days, most variability in environmental attributes for convex hull and route buffer measures was within-person. Based on these results, a minimum of 14 days of valid GPS data is recommended to measure activity spaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Zenk
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing, 845 S. Damen Ave., 9th Floor, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Stephen A Matthews
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Sociology and Criminology, Department of Anthropology, and Popualtion Research Institute, 211 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA 16802-6211, USA.
| | - Amber N Kraft
- University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Psychology, 1007 W Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Kelly K Jones
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing, 845 S. Damen Ave., 9th Floor, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and Dietary Behaviors: Role of Community Food Environment. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 119:934-943.e2. [PMID: 30745070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United States Department of Agriculture's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the country's largest nutrition assistance program for low-income populations. Although SNAP has been shown to reduce food insecurity, research findings on the diet quality of program participants are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated whether the community food environment is a potential moderator of the association between SNAP participation and eating behaviors. DESIGN This cross-sectional study used participant data from a telephone survey of 2,211 households in four cities in New Jersey. Data were collected from two cross-sectional panels from 2009 to 2010 and 2014. Food outlet data were purchased from commercial sources and classified as supermarkets, small grocery stores, convenience stores, or limited service restaurants. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Analysis is limited to 983 respondents (588 SNAP participants) with household incomes below 130% of the federal poverty level. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Eating behaviors were assessed as frequency of consumption of fruit, vegetables, salad, and sugar-sweetened beverages. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Interaction and stratified analyses using gamma regression determined the differences in the association between SNAP participation and eating behaviors by the presence or absence of food outlets adjusted for covariates. RESULTS SNAP participation was associated with a higher frequency of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (P<0.05) when respondents lived within ¼ to ½ mile of a small grocery store, supermarket, and limited service restaurant. SNAP participants who did not live close to a convenience store reported a lower frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (P=0.01), and those living more than ½ mile away from a supermarket reported a lower frequency of fruit consumption (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study suggest that the community food environment may play a role in moderating the association between SNAP participation and eating behaviors. Although SNAP participation is associated with some unhealthy behaviors, this association may only hold true when respondents live in certain food environments.
Collapse
|
32
|
McGuirt JT, Jilcott Pitts SB, Gustafson A. Association between Spatial Access to Food Outlets, Frequency of Grocery Shopping, and Objectively-Assessed and Self-Reported Fruit and Vegetable Consumption. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1974. [PMID: 30551652 PMCID: PMC6316649 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Because supermarkets are a critical part of the community food environment, the purpose of this paper is to examine the association between accessibility to the supermarket where participants were surveyed, frequency of shopping at the supermarket, and self-reported and objectively-assessed fruit and vegetable consumption. Accessibility was assessed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) measured distance and multiple versions of the modified Retail Food Environment Index (mRFEI), including a localized road network buffer version. Frequency of shopping was assessed using self-report. The National Cancer Institute Fruit and Vegetable screener was used to calculate daily servings of fruits and vegetables. Skin carotenoids were assessed using the "Veggie Meter™" which utilizes reflection spectroscopy to non-invasively assess skin carotenoids as an objective measure of fruit and vegetable consumption. Bivariate and multivariable statistics were used to examine the associations in RStudio. There was a positive association between skin carotenoids and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC) and mRFEI scores, suggesting that WIC participation and a healthier food environment were associated with objectively-assessed fruit and vegetable consumption (skin carotenoids). Future research should examine these associations using longitudinal study designs and larger sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jared T McGuirt
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA.
| | - Stephanie B Jilcott Pitts
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | - Alison Gustafson
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Spoer BR, Cantor JH, Rummo PE, Elbel BD. Food environment does not predict self-reported SSB consumption in New York City: A cross sectional study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196689. [PMID: 30356232 PMCID: PMC6200180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to examine whether the local food environment, specifically the distance to the nearest sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) vendor, a measure of SSB availability and accessibility, was correlated with the likelihood of self-reported SSB consumption among a sample of fast food consumers. As part of a broader SSB behavior study in 2013–2014, respondents were surveyed outside of major chain fast food restaurants in New York City (NYC). Respondents were asked for the intersection closest to their home and how frequently they consume SSBs. Comprehensive, administrative food outlet databases were used to geo-locate the SSB vendor closest to the respondents’ home intersections. We then used a logistic regression model to estimate the association between the distance to the nearest SSB vendor (overall and by type) and the likelihood of daily SSB consumption. Our results show that proximity to the nearest SSB vendor was not statistically significantly associated with the likelihood of daily SSB consumption, regardless of type of vendor. Our results are robust to alternative model specifications, including replacing the linear minimum distance measure with count of the total number of SSB vendors or presence of a SSB vendor within a buffer around respondents’ home intersections. We conclude that there is not a strong relationship between proximity to nearest SSB vendor, or proximity to a specific type of SSB vendor, and frequency of self-reported SSB consumption among fast food consumers in NYC. This suggests that policymakers focus on alternative strategies to curtail SSB consumption, such as improving the within-store food environment or taxing SSBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben R. Spoer
- Department of Social-Behavioral Studies, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan H. Cantor
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Wagner School of Public Service, New York University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Pasquale E. Rummo
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian D. Elbel
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Wagner School of Public Service, New York University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Goodspeed R, Yan X, Hardy J, Vydiswaran VGV, Berrocal VJ, Clarke P, Romero DM, Gomez-Lopez IN, Veinot T. Comparing the Data Quality of Global Positioning System Devices and Mobile Phones for Assessing Relationships Between Place, Mobility, and Health: Field Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6:e168. [PMID: 30104185 PMCID: PMC6111146 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.9771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile devices are increasingly used to collect location-based information from individuals about their physical activities, dietary intake, environmental exposures, and mental well-being. Such research, which typically uses wearable devices or mobile phones to track location, benefits from the growing availability of fine-grained data regarding human mobility. However, little is known about the comparative geospatial accuracy of such devices. Objective In this study, we compared the data quality of location information collected from two mobile devices that determine location in different ways—a global positioning system (GPS) watch and a mobile phone with Google’s Location History feature enabled. Methods A total of 21 chronically ill participants carried both devices, which generated digital traces of locations, for 28 days. A mobile phone–based brief ecological momentary assessment (EMA) survey asked participants to manually report their location at 4 random times throughout each day. Participants also took part in qualitative interviews and completed surveys twice during the study period in which they reviewed recent mobile phone and watch trace data to compare the devices’ trace data with their memory of their activities on those days. Trace data from the devices were compared on the basis of (1) missing data days, (2) reasons for missing data, (3) distance between the route data collected for matching day and the associated EMA survey locations, and (4) activity space total area and density surfaces. Results The watch resulted in a much higher proportion of missing data days (P<.001), with missing data explained by technical differences between the devices as well as participant behaviors. The mobile phone was significantly more accurate in detecting home locations (P=.004) and marginally more accurate (P=.07) for all types of locations combined. The watch data resulted in a smaller activity space area and more accurately recorded outdoor travel and recreation. Conclusions The most suitable mobile device for location-based health research depends on the particular study objectives. Furthermore, data generated from mobile devices, such as GPS phones and smartwatches, require careful analysis to ensure quality and completeness. Studies that seek precise measurement of outdoor activity and travel, such as measuring outdoor physical activity or exposure to localized environmental hazards, would benefit from the use of GPS devices. Conversely, studies that aim to account for time within buildings at home or work, or those that document visits to particular places (such as supermarkets, medical facilities, or fast food restaurants), would benefit from the greater precision demonstrated by the mobile phone in recording indoor activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Goodspeed
- Urban and Regional Planning Program, Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Xiang Yan
- Urban and Regional Planning Program, Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jean Hardy
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - V G Vinod Vydiswaran
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Learning Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Veronica J Berrocal
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Philippa Clarke
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Daniel M Romero
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Iris N Gomez-Lopez
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Tiffany Veinot
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Promoting access to fresh fruits and vegetables through a local market intervention at a subway station. Public Health Nutr 2018; 21:3258-3270. [PMID: 30101730 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018001921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alternative food sources (AFS) such as local markets in disadvantaged areas are promising strategies for preventing chronic disease and reducing health inequalities. The present study assessed how sociodemographic characteristics, physical access and fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption are associated with market use in a newly opened F&V market next to a subway station in a disadvantaged neighbourhood. DESIGN Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted among adults: (i) on-site, among shoppers who had just bought F&V and (ii) a telephone-based population survey among residents living within 1 km distance from the market. SETTING One neighbourhood in Montreal (Canada) with previously limited F&V offerings. SUBJECTS Respectively, 218 shoppers and 335 residents completed the on-site and telephone-based population surveys. RESULTS Among shoppers, 23 % were low-income, 56 % did not consume enough F&V and 54 % did not have access to a car. Among all participants living 1 km from the market (n 472), market usage was associated (OR; 95 % CI) with adequate F&V consumption (1·86; 1·10, 3·16), living closer to the market (for distance: 0·86; 0·76, 0·97), having the market on the commute route (2·77; 1·61, 4·75) and not having access to a car (2·96; 1·67, 5·26). CONCLUSIONS When implemented in strategic locations such as transport hubs, AFS like F&V markets offer a promising strategy to improve F&V access among populations that may be constrained in their food acquisition practices, including low-income populations and those relying on public transportation.
Collapse
|
36
|
Fruit and Vegetable Intake of US Hispanics by Food Store Type: Findings from NHANES. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018; 6:220-229. [PMID: 30027480 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-0517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined fruit and vegetable intake by food store type shopped among US Hispanics. Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012 data, T test and chi-square tests examined differences between Hispanic consumers by food store type. Negative binomial regression analyses estimated associations between fruit and vegetable intake and food store type. Hispanics who only purchased fruits and vegetables from convenience stores were younger and more likely US born. They reported lower intakes of fruit and vegetables than individuals who purchased these foods from supermarket/grocery stores. Those who primarily purchased fruits and vegetables from supermarkets/grocery stores consumed 0.92 (p < .001) greater fruit cup equivalents and 0.26 (p = .001) greater vegetable cup equivalents than those who only purchased from convenience stores. Research on the influence of shopping in multiple food store types is needed to develop targeted in-store intervention strategies to encourage healthier food purchases. Results provide support for policy-level research such as minimum stocking requirements for healthy foods in convenience stores.
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo examine the associations of individual and food environmental factors with fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake in a city in a low-to-middle-income country (LMIC).DesignCross-sectional.SettingRepresentative sample of the Brazilian Primary Care service known as the Health Academy Program (HAP) in Belo Horizonte, a Brazilian city.SubjectsUsing a conceptual model as a guide, individual and food environment data were obtained through: (i) face-to-face interviews with participants aged 20 years or older; and (ii) F&V food store audits. A broad set of individual, household, and community and consumer nutrition environment variables was investigated. Multilevel linear regression was used to quantify area-level variations in F&V intake and to estimate associations with the factors.ResultsEighteen HAP centres were selected and 2944 participants and 336 food stores were included. F&V intake varied between contexts, being higher in areas with better socio-economic conditions and food store quality, such as specialised F&V markets. Individual-level factors, including age, income, food insecurity, stage of change, self-efficacy and decisional balance, were significantly associated with F&V intake. After controlling for individual-level characteristics, greater F&V intake was also associated with higher quality of food stores.ConclusionsIn one of the first studies to comprehensively assess the food environment in an LMIC, individual-level factors accounted for the largest variation in F&V intake; however, the food environment was also important, because area-level variables explained 10·5 % of the F&V intake variation. The consumer nutrition environment was more predictive of healthy eating than was the community nutrition environment. The findings suggest new possibilities for interventions.
Collapse
|
38
|
Chrisinger BW, Kallan MJ, Whiteman ED, Hillier A. Where do U.S. households purchase healthy foods? An analysis of food-at-home purchases across different types of retailers in a nationally representative dataset. Prev Med 2018; 112:15-22. [PMID: 29555187 PMCID: PMC5970989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Food shopping decisions are pathways between food environment, diet and health outcomes, including chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. The choices of where to shop and what to buy are interrelated, though a better understanding of this dynamic is needed. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's nationally representative Food Acquisitions and Purchase Survey food-at-home dataset was joined with other databases of retailer characteristics and Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI) of purchases. We used linear regression models with general estimating equations to assess relationships between trip, store, and shopper characteristics with trip HEI scores. We examined HEI component scores for conventional supermarkets and discount/limited assortment retailers with descriptive statistics. Overall, 4962 shoppers made 11,472 shopping trips over one-week periods, 2012-2013. Trips to conventional supermarkets were the most common (53.6%), followed by supercenters (18.6%). Compared to conventional supermarkets, purchases at natural/gourmet stores had significantly higher HEI scores (β = 6.48, 95% CI = [4.45, 8.51], while those from "other" retailers (including corner and convenience stores) were significantly lower (-3.89, [-5.87, -1.92]). Older participants (versus younger) and women (versus men) made significantly healthier purchases (1.19, [0.29, 2.10]). Shoppers with less than some college education made significantly less-healthy purchases, versus shoppers with more education, as did households participating in SNAP, versus those with incomes above 185% of the Federal Poverty Level. Individual, trip, and store characteristics influenced the healthfulness of foods purchased. Interventions to encourage healthy purchasing should reflect these dynamics in terms of how, where, and for whom they are implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J Kallan
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eliza D Whiteman
- Department of City & Regional Planning, School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy Hillier
- Department of City & Regional Planning, School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, USA; School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bivoltsis A, Cervigni E, Trapp G, Knuiman M, Hooper P, Ambrosini GL. Food environments and dietary intakes among adults: does the type of spatial exposure measurement matter? A systematic review. Int J Health Geogr 2018; 17:19. [PMID: 29885662 PMCID: PMC5994245 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-018-0139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between food environments and dietary intake have been assessed via a range of methodologically diverse measures of spatial exposure to food outlets, resulting in a largely inconclusive body of evidence, limiting informed policy intervention. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to evaluate the influence of methodological choice on study outcomes by examining the within-study effect of availability (e.g., counts) versus accessibility (e.g., proximity) spatial exposure measures on associations with diet. METHODS (PROSPERO registration: CRD42018085250). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases were searched for empirical studies from 1980 to 2017, in the English language, involving adults and reporting on the statistical association between a dietary outcome and spatial exposure measures of both availability and accessibility. Studies were appraised using an eight-point quality criteria with a narrative synthesis of results. RESULTS A total of 205 associations and 44 relationships (i.e., multiple measures of spatial exposure relating to a particular food outlet type and dietary outcome) were extracted from 14 eligible articles. Comparative measures were dominated by counts (availability) and proximity (accessibility). Few studies compared more complex measures and all counts were derived from place-based measures of exposure. Sixteen of the 44 relationships had a significant effect involving an availability measure whilst only 8 had a significant effect from an accessibility measure. The largest effect sizes in relationships were mostly for availability measures. After stratification by scale, availability measure had the greatest effect size in 139 of the 176 pairwise comparisons. Of the 33% (68/205) of associations that reached significance, 53/68 (78%) were from availability measures. There was no relationship between study quality and reported study outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The limited evidence suggests that availability measures may produce significant and greater effect sizes than accessibility measures. However, both availability and accessibility measures may be important concepts of spatial exposure depending on the food outlet type and dietary outcome examined. More studies reporting on multi-method effects are required to differentiate findings by the type of spatial exposure assessment and build an evidence base regarding the appropriateness and robustness of measures under different circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Bivoltsis
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, M451, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Eleanor Cervigni
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gina Trapp
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, M451, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6872, Australia
| | - Matthew Knuiman
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, M451, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Paula Hooper
- School of Agriculture and Environment and the School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gina Leslie Ambrosini
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, M451, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jalbert-Arsenault É, Robitaille É, Paquette MC. Development, reliability and use of a food environment assessment tool in supermarkets of four neighbourhoods in Montréal, Canada. HEALTH PROMOTION AND CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION IN CANADA-RESEARCH POLICY AND PRACTICE 2018; 37:293-302. [PMID: 28902478 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.37.9.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The food environment is a promising arena in which to influence people's dietary habits. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive food environment assessment tool for businesses and characterize the food environment of a low-tomedium income area of Montréal, Canada. METHODS We developed a tool, Mesure de l'environnement alimentaire du consommateur dans les supermarchés (MEAC-S), and tested it for reliability. We used the MEAC-S to assess the consumer food environment of 17 supermarkets in four neighbourhoods of Montréal. We measured the shelf length, variety, price, display counts and in-store positions of fruits and vegetables (FV) and ultra-processed food products (UPFPs). We also assessed fresh FV for quality. Store size was estimated using the total measured shelf length for all food categories. We conducted Spearman correlations between these indicators of the food environment. RESULTS Reliability analyses revealed satisfactory results for most indicators. Characterization of the food environment revealed high variability in shelf length, variety and price of FV between supermarkets and suggested a disproportionate promotion of UPFPs. Display counts of UPFPs outside their normal display location ranged from 7 to 26, and they occupied 8 to 33 strategic in-store positions, whereas the number of display counts of fresh FV outside their normal display location exceeded 1 in only 2 of the 17 stores surveyed, and they occupied a maximum of 2 strategic in-store positions per supermarket. Price of UPFPs was inversely associated with their prominence (p < .005) and promotion (p < .003). Store size was associated with display counts and strategic in-store positioning of UPFPs (p < .001), but not FV, and was inversely associated with the price of soft drinks (p < .003). CONCLUSION This study illustrates the variability of the food environment between supermarkets and underscores the importance of measuring in-store characteristics to adequately picture the consumer food environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Éric Robitaille
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Paquette
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wei Q, She J, Zhang S, Ma J. Using Individual GPS Trajectories to Explore Foodscape Exposure: A Case Study in Beijing Metropolitan Area. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15030405. [PMID: 29495449 PMCID: PMC5876950 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the growing interest in studying the characteristics of people’s access to the food environment and its influence upon individual health, there has been a focus on assessing individual food exposure based on GPS trajectories. However, existing studies have largely focused on the overall activity space using short-period trajectories, which ignores the complexity of human movements and the heterogeneity of the spaces that are experienced by the individual over daily life schedules. In this study, we propose a novel framework to extract the exposure areas consisting of the localized activity spaces around daily life centers and non-motorized commuting routes from long-term GPS trajectories. The newly proposed framework is individual-specific and can incorporate the internal heterogeneity of individual activities (spatial extent, stay duration, and timing) in different places as well as the dynamics of the context. A pilot study of the GeoLife dataset suggests that there are significant variations in the magnitude as well as the composition of the food environment in different parts of the individual exposure area, and residential environment is not representative of the overall foodscape exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiujun Wei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jiangfeng She
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinsong Ma
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Spatial access to food: Retiring the food desert metaphor. Physiol Behav 2018; 193:257-260. [PMID: 29454842 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The food desert metaphor has been widely used over the past few decades as a way to identify regions as being at risk for having little or no access to healthy food. While the simplicity of the metaphor is attractive, this article argues that its usefulness to researchers interested in understanding the relationship between the geography of healthy food opportunities and dietary behaviours is limited. More nuanced approaches to incorporating geography into food access studies, like including transportation, economic factors, and time use, in addition to considering other dimensions of accessibility, are warranted.
Collapse
|
43
|
The nutritional content of supermarket beverages: a cross-sectional analysis of New Zealand, Australia, Canada and the UK. Public Health Nutr 2018; 21:2507-2516. [PMID: 29409560 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017004128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the nutritional content, serving size and taxation potential of supermarket beverages from four different Western countries. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. Multivariate regression analysis and χ 2 comparisons were used to detect differences between countries. SETTING Supermarkets in New Zealand (NZ), Australia, Canada and the UK. SUBJECTS Supermarket beverages in the following categories: fruit juices, fruit-based drinks, carbonated soda, waters and sports/energy drinks. RESULTS A total of 4157 products were analysed, including 749 from NZ, 1738 from Australia, 740 from Canada and 930 from the UK. NZ had the highest percentage of beverages with sugar added to them (52 %), while the UK had the lowest (39 %, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS There is substantial difference between countries in the mean energy, serving size and proportion of products eligible for fiscal sugar taxation. Current self-regulatory approaches used in these countries may not be effective to reduce the availability, marketing and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and subsequent intake of free sugars.
Collapse
|
44
|
User acceptance of location-tracking technologies in health research: Implications for study design and data quality. J Biomed Inform 2018; 79:7-19. [PMID: 29355784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Research regarding place and health has undergone a revolution due to the availability of consumer-focused location-tracking devices that reveal fine-grained details of human mobility. Such research requires that participants accept such devices enough to use them in their daily lives. There is a need for a theoretically grounded understanding of acceptance of different location-tracking technology options, and its research implications. Guided by an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), we conducted a 28-day field study comparing 21 chronically ill people's acceptance of two leading, consumer-focused location-tracking technologies deployed for research purposes: (1) a location-enabled smartphone, and (2) a GPS watch/activity tracker. Participants used both, and completed two surveys and qualitative interviews. Findings revealed that all participants exerted effort to facilitate data capture, such as by incorporating devices into daily routines and developing workarounds to keep devices functioning. Nevertheless, the smartphone was perceived to be significantly easier and posed fewer usability challenges for participants than the watch. Older participants found the watch significantly more difficult to use. For both devices, effort expectancy was significantly associated with future willingness to participate in research although prosocial motivations overcame some concerns. Social influence, performance expectancy and use behavior were significantly associated with intentions to use the devices in participants' personal lives. Data gathered via the smartphone was significantly more complete than data gathered via the watch, primarily due to usability challenges. To make longer-term participation in location tracking research a reality, and to achieve complete data capture, researchers must minimize the effort involved in participation; this requires usable devices. For long-term location-tracking studies using similar devices, findings indicate that only smartphone-based tracking is up to the challenge.
Collapse
|
45
|
Ahmed S, Byker Shanks C. Quality of Vegetables Based on Total Phenolic Concentration Is Lower in More Rural Consumer Food Environments in a Rural American State. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14080924. [PMID: 28817093 PMCID: PMC5580626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
While daily consumption of fruits and vegetables (FVs) is widely recognized to be associated with supporting nutrition and health, disparities exist in consumer food environments regarding access to high-quality produce based on location. The purpose of this study was to evaluate FV quality using total phenolic (TP) scores (a phytochemical measure for health-promoting attributes, flavor, appearance, and shelf-life) in consumer food environments along a rural to urban continuum in the rural state of Montana, United States. Significant differences were found in the means of the FV TP scores (p < 0.0001) and vegetable TP scores (p < 0.0001) on the basis of rurality, while no significant difference was found for fruit TP scores by rurality (p < 0.2158). Specifically, FV TP scores and vegetable TP scores were highest for the least rural stores and lowest for the most rural stores. Results indicate an access gap to high-quality vegetables in more rural and more health-disparate consumer food environments of Montana compared to urban food environments. Findings highlight that food and nutrition interventions should aim to increase vegetable quality in rural consumer food environments in the state of Montana towards enhancing dietary quality and food choices. Future studies are called for that examine TP scores of a wide range of FVs in diverse food environments globally. Studies are further needed that examine linkages between FV quality, food choices, diets, and health outcomes towards enhancing food environments for public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selena Ahmed
- Food and Health Lab at Montana State University, Sustainable Food and Bioenergy Systems Program, Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Carmen Byker Shanks
- Food and Health Lab at Montana State University, Sustainable Food and Bioenergy Systems Program, Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gustafson A, McGladrey M, Liu E, Peritore N, Webber K, Butterworth B, Vail A. Examining Key Stakeholder and Community Residents' Understanding of Environmental Influences to Inform Place-Based Interventions to Reduce Obesity in Rural Communities, Kentucky 2015. J Rural Health 2017; 34:388-395. [PMID: 28685866 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rural residents report high rates of obesity, physical inactivity, and poor eating habits. The objectives of this study were to (1) use the collective impact model to guide efforts to elicit community members' perceptions of county-specific factors influencing high obesity rates; (2) determine the association between utilization of food retail venues and concern about obesity and healthy eating; and (3) determine community members' utilization of physical activity infrastructure and concern about physical inactivity. METHODS The study was conducted in 6 rural counties in Kentucky with adult obesity prevalence rates >40%. Community stakeholders met to assess counties' needs and assets in implementing interventions to reduce obesity in their communities. A random-digit dial survey (n = 756) also was conducted to examine awareness and availability of community resources for healthy eating and physical activity. FINDINGS Stakeholders identified lack of access to fruits and vegetables and poor physical activity infrastructure as contributors to obesity. Reporting moderate and serious concern about obesity and healthy eating was associated with higher odds of shopping at a supercenter compared with those expressing little concern. Reported access to information about physical activity opportunities was associated with higher odds of reporting the availability of safe places for physical activity, sidewalks, and trails compared with those who reported that information was difficult to obtain. CONCLUSIONS This study elicits community-identified barriers to healthy behaviors and provides foundational data to inform future place-based obesity reduction interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Gustafson
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Margaret McGladrey
- Associate Dean for Research, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Emily Liu
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Nicole Peritore
- Extension Specialist for Family Health, Family and Consumer Sciences Extension, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kelly Webber
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Brooke Butterworth
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ann Vail
- Director, School of Human Environmental Sciences and Assistant Director, Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
The environmental influences on the bacteriological quality of red and chicken meat stored in fridges. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
48
|
Ma X, Liese AD, Hibbert J, Bell BA, Wilcox S, Sharpe PA. The Association between Food Security and Store-Specific and Overall Food Shopping Behaviors. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 117:1931-1940. [PMID: 28366811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food security is a severe problem in the United States. Few studies have examined its relationship with food shopping behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between food security and store-specific and overall food shopping among residents of low-income neighborhoods. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Five hundred twenty-seven households were recruited from two counties in South Carolina from November 2013 to May 2014, and 474 households were included in the final analysis. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Food security was assessed using the 18-item US-Household Food Security Module questionnaire, and classified into three categories: high or marginal food security (FS), low food security (LFS), and very low food security (VLFS). Store-specific shopping behaviors including frequency, store type, and transportation were queried via in-person interview for the three most-frequented grocery stores. Distance from participants' homes to their reported stores was calculated using Geographic Information Systems. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Multivariate linear regression for analyses of distance and frequency and multinomial/ordinary logistic regression for analyses of store type and transportation were used. RESULTS Compared to FS participants, a significantly higher proportion of VLFS participants reported a convenience/dollar store as their most-frequented store (odds ratio [OR] 2.31, 95% CI 1.08 to 4.95) or a lack of transportation (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.25 to 3.33). They also shopped less frequently (b=-.31, P=0.03) at their third most-frequented store and traveled fewer total miles for shopping (b=-4.71, P=0.04). In analyses considering all stores jointly, LFS participants had lower odds of shopping at both supermarkets and convenience/dollar stores (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.91) compared to food-secure residents. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that households with VLFS tend to shop more frequently in stores that have less-healthful options, such as convenience/dollar stores. These findings lend support to ongoing community and policy interventions aimed at improving food access among food-insecure populations.
Collapse
|
49
|
Giabbanelli PJ, Crutzen R. Using Agent-Based Models to Develop Public Policy about Food Behaviours: Future Directions and Recommendations. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5742629. [PMID: 28421127 PMCID: PMC5379081 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5742629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Most adults are overweight or obese in many western countries. Several population-level interventions on the physical, economical, political, or sociocultural environment have thus attempted to achieve a healthier weight. These interventions have involved different weight-related behaviours, such as food behaviours. Agent-based models (ABMs) have the potential to help policymakers evaluate food behaviour interventions from a systems perspective. However, fully realizing this potential involves a complex procedure starting with obtaining and analyzing data to populate the model and eventually identifying more efficient cross-sectoral policies. Current procedures for ABMs of food behaviours are mostly rooted in one technique, often ignore the food environment beyond home and work, and underutilize rich datasets. In this paper, we address some of these limitations to better support policymakers through two contributions. First, via a scoping review, we highlight readily available datasets and techniques to deal with these limitations independently. Second, we propose a three steps' process to tackle all limitations together and discuss its use to develop future models for food behaviours. We acknowledge that this integrated process is a leap forward in ABMs. However, this long-term objective is well-worth addressing as it can generate robust findings to effectively inform the design of food behaviour interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Menezes MC, Costa BVL, Oliveira CDL, Lopes ACS. Local food environment and fruit and vegetable consumption: An ecological study. Prev Med Rep 2017; 5:13-20. [PMID: 27872803 PMCID: PMC5114690 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological studies are essential for understanding the environment-diet relationship. The purpose of this study was to describe environmental conditions and their relationship with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among Brazilian public health service users in the city of Belo Horizonte. We evaluated food stores contained within 1600 m buffer zones at 18 Health Academy Programme sites, from 2013 to 2014. Variables at the community (density, proximity and type) and the consumer (sectional location of FV; availability, quality, variety, price and advertising of FV and ultra-processed foods) nutrition environment were measured by direct observation, while aggregate data from users (income and FV consumption) were obtained by interview. Data were analysed using the Kernel intensity estimator, average nearest neighbour value and Local Moran's Index for local spatial autocorrelation. We interviewed 3414 users and analysed 336 food stores. Major geographical variations in the FV consumption were identified. Average consumption was higher (site 2A: 410.5 ± 185.7 g vs. site 4B: 311.2 ± 159.9 g) in neighbourhoods with higher income and concentration of food stores, and better index of access to healthy foods. Sites with poor FV consumption had the most stores with poor access to healthy foods (index in the first tertile, ≤ 10). In conclusion, negative characteristics of the food environment, as seen in the present study, may contribute to low FV consumption, suggesting the need for the development and consolidation of public policies aimed at creating healthy environments through built environment interventions that increase access to and consumption of healthy foods like FV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Carvalho Menezes
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, Room 316, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Bruna Vieirade Lima Costa
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, Room 316, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Di Lorenzo Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, Campus Midwest, Federal University of Sao Joao del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Goncalves Coelho, 400, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Aline Cristine Souza Lopes
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, Room 316, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|