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Chandra M, Rai CB, Kumari N, Sandhu VK, Chandra K, Krishna M, Kota SH, Anand KS, Oudin A. Air Pollution and Cognitive Impairment across the Life Course in Humans: A Systematic Review with Specific Focus on Income Level of Study Area. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031405. [PMID: 35162428 PMCID: PMC8835599 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive function is a crucial determinant of human capital. The Lancet Commission (2020) has recognized air pollution as a risk factor for dementia. However, the scientific evidence on the impact of air pollution on cognitive outcomes across the life course and across different income settings, with varying levels of air pollution, needs further exploration. A systematic review was conducted, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines to assess the association between air pollution and cognitive outcomes across the life course with a plan to analyze findings as per the income status of the study population. The PubMed search included keywords related to cognition and to pollution (in their titles) to identify studies on human participants published in English until 10 July 2020. The search yielded 84 relevant studies that described associations between exposure to air pollutants and an increased risk of lower cognitive function among children and adolescents, cognitive impairment and decline among adults, and dementia among older adults with supportive evidence of neuroimaging and inflammatory biomarkers. No study from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)was identified despite high levels of air pollutants and high rates of dementia. To conclude, air pollution may impair cognitive function across the life-course, but a paucity of studies from reLMICs is a major lacuna in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Chandra
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (formerly PGIMER) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India; (C.B.R.); (N.K.); (V.K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-98-1183-1902
| | - Chandra Bhushan Rai
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (formerly PGIMER) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India; (C.B.R.); (N.K.); (V.K.S.)
| | - Neelam Kumari
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (formerly PGIMER) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India; (C.B.R.); (N.K.); (V.K.S.)
| | - Vipindeep Kaur Sandhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (formerly PGIMER) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India; (C.B.R.); (N.K.); (V.K.S.)
| | - Kalpana Chandra
- Delhi Jal Board, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, New Delhi 110094, India;
| | - Murali Krishna
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Sri Harsha Kota
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India;
| | - Kuljeet Singh Anand
- Department of Neurology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (Formerly PGIMER) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India;
| | - Anna Oudin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden
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Kalpouzos G, Mangialasche F, Falahati F, Laukka EJ, Papenberg G. Contributions of HFE polymorphisms to brain and blood iron load, and their links to cognitive and motor function in healthy adults. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2021; 41:393-404. [PMID: 34291615 PMCID: PMC8411306 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain iron overload is linked to brain deterioration, and cognitive and motor impairment in neurodegenerative disorders and normal aging. Mutations in the HFE gene are associated with iron dyshomeostasis and are risk factors for peripheral iron overload. However, links to brain iron load and cognition are less consistent and data are scarce. Aims and methods Using quantitative susceptibility mapping with magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated whether C282Y and H63D contributed to aging‐related increases in brain iron load and lower cognitive and motor performance in 208 healthy individuals aged 20‐79 years. We also assessed the modulatory effects of HFE mutations on associations between performance and brain iron load, as well as peripheral iron metabolism. Results Independent of age, carriers of either C282Y and/or H63D (HFE‐pos group, n = 66) showed a higher load of iron in putamen than non‐carriers (HFE‐neg group, n = 142), as well as higher transferrin saturation and lower transferrin and transferrin receptors in blood. In the HFE‐neg group, higher putaminal iron was associated with lower working memory. In the HFE‐pos group, higher putaminal iron was instead linked to higher executive function, and lower plasma transferrin was related to higher episodic memory. Iron‐performance associations were modest albeit reliable. Conclusion Our findings suggest that HFE status is characterized by higher regional brain iron load across adulthood, and support the presence of a modulatory effect of HFE status on the relationships between iron load and cognition. Future studies in healthy individuals are needed to confirm the reported patterns. This study investigated the contribution of genetic polymorphisms in the HFE gene (C282Y and H63D) on blood and brain iron load, and their relationships with cognition, in a healthy sample of adults. The findings indicated that carriers of C282Y and/or H63D displayed higher iron load in putamen and higher transferrin saturation in blood. Results further suggested that in carriers, higher iron load may be beneficial for cognitive performance, independent of age.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoria Kalpouzos
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Farshad Falahati
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erika J Laukka
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dolcini J, Kioumourtzoglou MA, Cayir A, Sanchez-Guerra M, Brennan KJ, Dereix AE, Coull BA, Spiro A, Vokonas P, Schwartz J, Baccarelli AA. Age and mitochondrial DNA copy number influence the association between outdoor temperature and cognitive function: Insights from the VA Normative Aging Study. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e0108. [PMID: 32832843 PMCID: PMC7423527 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND General cognitive function deteriorates with aging, a change that has been linked to outdoor temperature. Older individuals have reduced ability to adapt to changes in outdoor temperature than younger people. However, to what extent short-term changes in outdoor temperature interact with mitochondria to affect cognition in older people has not yet been determined. METHODS Our study included 591 participants of the Normative Aging Study who underwent multiple examinations between 2000 and 2013. Cognitive function was evaluated via the Mini-Mental State Examination. Outdoor temperature was estimated at residential addresses 1 day before the examination using on a validated spatiotemporal temperature model. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) was determined using buffy coat samples. RESULTS We found an interaction between temperature, age, mtDNAcn, and cognition. In individuals 84 years of age or older, cooler temperature was associated with low cognition (odds ratio = 1.2; 95% confidence interval = 1.05, 1.35 for a 1°C decrease in temperature; P = 0.007). We found higher odds ratio per 1°C decrease in temperature among individuals with lower mtDNAcn (β3 = 0.12; 95% confidence interval = 0.01, 0.22; P interaction = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our findings, albeit potentially underpowered, suggest that older individuals may be more susceptible to the influence of short-term temperature exposure on cognition. Moreover, the level of mtDNAcn may also modify the association between temperature and cognitive function, indicating a possible role of these cellular elements in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Dolcini
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Medical School, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Akin Cayir
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marco Sanchez-Guerra
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kasey J. Brennan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Alexandra E. Dereix
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Brent A. Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Avron Spiro
- Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pantel Vokonas
- Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Bencsik A, Lestaevel P, Guseva Canu I. Nano- and neurotoxicology: An emerging discipline. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 160:45-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Prada D, Colicino E, Power MC, Weisskopf MG, Zhong J, Hou L, Spiro A, Vokonas P, Brenan K, Herrera LA, Schwartz J, Wright R, Hu H, Baccarelli AA. APOE ε4 allele modifies the association of lead exposure with age-related cognitive decline in older individuals. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:101-105. [PMID: 27474937 PMCID: PMC5071136 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuing chronic and sporadic high-level of lead exposure in some regions in the U.S. has directed public attention to the effects of lead on human health. Long-term lead exposure has been associated with faster cognitive decline in older individuals; however, genetic susceptibility to lead-related cognitive decline during aging has been poorly studied. METHODS We determined the interaction of APOE-epsilon variants and environmental lead exposure in relation to age-related cognitive decline. We measured tibia bone lead by K-shell-x-ray fluorescence, APOE-epsilon variants by multiplex PCR and global cognitive z-scores in 489 men from the VA-Normative Aging Study. To determine global cognitive z-scores we incorporated multiple cognitive assessments, including word list memory task, digit span backwards, verbal fluency test, sum of drawings, and pattern comparison task, which were assessed at multiple visits. We used linear mixed-effect models with random intercepts for individual and for cognitive test. RESULTS An interquartile range (IQR:14.23μg/g) increase in tibia lead concentration was associated with a 0.06 (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: -0.11 to -0.01) lower global cognition z-score. In the presence of both ε4 alleles, one IQR increase in tibia lead was associated with 0.57 (95%CI: -0.97 to -0.16; p-value for interaction: 0.03) lower total cognition z-score. A borderline association was observed in presence of one ε4 allele (Estimate-effect per 1-IQR increase: -0.11, 95%CI: -0.22, 0.01) as well as lack of association in individuals without APOE ε4 allele. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that individuals carrying both ε4 alleles are more susceptible to lead impact on global cognitive decline during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diddier Prada
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Melinda C Power
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University Milken Institute of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Marc G Weisskopf
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jia Zhong
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 420 East Superior St, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Avron Spiro
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pantel Vokonas
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kasey Brenan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luis A Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Mumaw CL, Surace M, Levesque S, Kodavanti UP, Kodavanti PRS, Royland JE, Block ML. Atypical microglial response to biodiesel exhaust in healthy and hypertensive rats. Neurotoxicology 2016; 59:155-163. [PMID: 27777102 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests a deleterious role for urban air pollution in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. Microglia, the resident innate immune cells and sentinels in the brain, are a common source of neuroinflammation and are implicated in air pollution-induced CNS effects. While renewable energy, such as soy-based biofuel, is of increasing public interest, there is little information on how soy biofuel may affect the brain, especially in people with preexisting disease conditions. To address this, male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were exposed to 100% Soy-based Biodiesel Exhaust (100SBDE; 0, 50, 150 and 500μg/m3) by inhalation, 4h/day for 4 weeks (5 days/week). Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (IBA-1) staining of microglia in the substantia nigra revealed significant changes in morphology with 100SBDE exposure in rats from both genotypes, where SHR were less sensitive. Aconitase activity was inhibited in the frontal cortex and cerebellum of WKY rats exposed to 100SBDE. No consistent changes occurred in pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, nitrated protein, or arginase1 expression in brain regions from either rat strain exposed to 100SBDE. However, while IBA-1 mRNA expression was not modified, CX3CR1 mRNA expression was lower in the striatum of 100SBDE exposed rats regardless of genotype, suggesting a downregulation of the fractalkine receptor on microglia in this brain region. Together, these data indicate that while microglia are detecting and responding to 100SBDE exposure with changes in morphology, there is reduced expression of CX3CR1 regardless of genetic background and the activation response is atypical without traditional inflammatory markers of M1 or M2 activation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christen L Mumaw
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael Surace
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Campus, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Shannon Levesque
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Campus, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Urmila P Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Prasada Rao S Kodavanti
- Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Joyce E Royland
- Integrated Systems Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Michelle L Block
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Dai L, Kloog I, Coull BA, Sparrow D, Spiro A, Vokonas PS, Schwartz JD. Cognitive function and short-term exposure to residential air temperature: A repeated measures study based on spatiotemporal estimates of temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 150:446-451. [PMID: 27391696 PMCID: PMC5003630 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the association between ambient temperature and cognitive function, or used exposure to temperature at a given address instead of a single stationary monitor. The existing literature on the temperature-cognition relationship has mostly consisted of experimental studies that involve a small sample size and a few specific temperature values. In the current study, we examined the association between residential air temperature and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, a quantitative measurement of cognitive function, in a longitudinal cohort of elderly men. Residential air temperature was estimated by a novel spatiotemporal approach that incorporates satellite remote sensing, land use regression, meteorological variables and spatial smoothing in the Northeastern USA. We then applied logistic regression generalized estimating equations to examine the relationship between residential temperature (range: -5.8-25.7°C), and the risk of low MMSE scores (MMSE scores ≤25) among 594 elderly men (1085 visits in total) from the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, 2000-2008. Sensitivity analysis on visits wherein subjects lived within 30km of the clinic center in Massachusetts or aged ≥70 years was also evaluated. A statistically significant, U-shaped association between residential air temperature and low MMSE score (p-value=0.036) was observed. Sensitivity analysis suggested that the estimated effect remains among individuals aged ≥70 years. In conclusion, the data suggest that risk of low MMSE scores is highest when temperature is either high or low, and lowest when ambient temperature is approximately within 10-15°C in a cohort of elderly men. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and assess generalizability to other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhen Dai
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Itai Kloog
- The Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Sparrow
- Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Avron Spiro
- Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pantel S Vokonas
- Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Mumaw CL, Levesque S, McGraw C, Robertson S, Lucas S, Stafflinger JE, Campen MJ, Hall P, Norenberg JP, Anderson T, Lund AK, McDonald JD, Ottens AK, Block ML. Microglial priming through the lung-brain axis: the role of air pollution-induced circulating factors. FASEB J 2016; 30:1880-91. [PMID: 26864854 PMCID: PMC4836369 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201500047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is implicated in neurodegenerative disease risk and progression and in microglial activation, but the mechanisms are unknown. In this study, microglia remained activated 24 h after ozone (O3) exposure in rats, suggesting a persistent signal from lung to brain. Ex vivo analysis of serum from O3-treated rats revealed an augmented microglial proinflammatory response and β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42) neurotoxicity independent of traditional circulating cytokines, where macrophage-1 antigen-mediated microglia proinflammatory priming. Aged mice exhibited reduced pulmonary immune profiles and the most pronounced neuroinflammation and microglial activation in response to mixed vehicle emissions. Consistent with this premise, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36)(-/-) mice exhibited impaired pulmonary immune responses concurrent with augmented neuroinflammation and microglial activation in response to O3 Further, aging glia were more sensitive to the proinflammatory effects of O3 serum. Together, these findings outline the lung-brain axis, where air pollutant exposures result in circulating, cytokine-independent signals present in serum that elevate the brain proinflammatory milieu, which is linked to the pulmonary response and is further augmented with age.-Mumaw, C. L., Levesque, S., McGraw, C., Robertson, S., Lucas, S., Stafflinger, J. E., Campen, M. J., Hall, P., Norenberg, J. P., Anderson, T., Lund, A. K., McDonald, J. D., Ottens, A. K., Block, M. L. Microglial priming through the lung-brain axis: the role of air pollution-induced circulating factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christen L Mumaw
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Shannon Levesque
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Campus, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Constance McGraw
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Campus, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | - Jillian E Stafflinger
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Campus, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey P Norenberg
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Keck-University of New Mexico Small-Animal Imaging Resource, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Tamara Anderson
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Keck-University of New Mexico Small-Animal Imaging Resource, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Amie K Lund
- Department of Biological Sciences, Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA; and
| | - Jacob D McDonald
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Andrew K Ottens
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Campus, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michelle L Block
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA;
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Tzivian L, Winkler A, Dlugaj M, Schikowski T, Vossoughi M, Fuks K, Weinmayr G, Hoffmann B. Effect of long-term outdoor air pollution and noise on cognitive and psychological functions in adults. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2014; 218:1-11. [PMID: 25242804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that air pollution and ambient noise might impact neurocognitive function. Early studies mostly investigated the associations of air pollution and ambient noise exposure with cognitive development in children. More recently, several studies investigating associations with neurocognitive function, mood disorders, and neurodegenerative disease in adult populations were published, yielding inconsistent results. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence on air pollution and noise effects on mental health in adults. We included studies in adult populations (≥18 years old) published in English language in peer-reviewed journals. Fifteen articles related to long-term effects of air pollution and eight articles on long-term effects of ambient noise were extracted. Both exposures were separately shown to be associated with one or several measures of global cognitive function, verbal and nonverbal learning and memory, activities of daily living, depressive symptoms, elevated anxiety, and nuisance. No study considered both exposures simultaneously and few studies investigated progression of neurocognitive decline or psychological factors. The existing evidence generally supports associations of environmental factors with mental health, but does not suffice for an overall conclusion about the independent effect of air pollution and noise. There is a need for studies investigating simultaneously air pollution and noise exposures in association mental health, for longitudinal studies to corroborate findings from cross-sectional analyses, and for parallel toxicological and epidemiological studies to elucidate mechanisms and pathways of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Tzivian
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Angela Winkler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martha Dlugaj
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Vossoughi
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kateryna Fuks
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Davis DA, Akopian G, Walsh JP, Sioutas C, Morgan TE, Finch CE. Urban air pollutants reduce synaptic function of CA1 neurons via an NMDA/NȮ pathway in vitro. J Neurochem 2013; 127:509-19. [PMID: 23927064 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) from urban vehicular aerosols altered glutamate receptor functions and induced glial inflammatory responses in rodent models after chronic exposure. Potential neurotoxic mechanisms were analyzed in vitro. In hippocampal slices, 2 h exposure to aqueous nanosized PM (nPM) selectively altered post-synaptic proteins in cornu ammonis area 1 (CA1) neurons: increased GluA1, GluN2A, and GluN2B, but not GluA2, GluN1, or mGlur5; increased post synaptic density 95 and spinophilin, but not synaptophysin, while dentate gyrus (DG) neurons were unresponsive. In hippocampal slices and neurons, MitoSOX red fluorescence was increased by nPM, implying free radical production. Specifically, NȮ production by slices was increased within 15 min of exposure to nPM with dose dependence, 1-10 μg/mL. Correspondingly, CA1 neurons exhibited increased nitrosylation of the GluN2A receptor and dephosphorylation of GluN2B (S1303) and of GluA1 (S831 & S845). Again, DG neurons were unresponsive to nPM. The induction of NȮ and nitrosylation were inhibited by AP5, an NMDA receptor antagonist, which also protects neurite outgrowth in vitro from inhibition by nPM. Membrane injury (EthidiumD-1 uptake) showed parallel specificity. Finally, nPM decreased evoked excitatory post-synaptic currents of CA1 neurons. These findings further document the selective impact of nPM on glutamatergic functions and identify novel responses of NMDA receptor-stimulated NȮ production and nitrosylation reactions during nPM-mediated neurotoxicity. We present three new findings of rapid hippocampal slice responses to nPM (nano-sized particulate matter from urban traffic): increased NȮ production within 15 min; nitrosylation of glutamatergic NMDA receptors; and, reduced excitatory postsynaptic currents in CA1 neurons. AP5 (NMDA receptor antagonist) blocked nPM-mediated NȮ and receptor nitrosylation. Ca(2+) influx is a likely mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Davis
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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