1
|
Chong ZX, Ho WY, Yeap SK. Decoding the tumour-modulatory roles of LIMK2. Life Sci 2024; 347:122609. [PMID: 38580197 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
LIM domains kinase 2 (LIMK2) is a 72 kDa protein that regulates actin and cytoskeleton reorganization. Once phosphorylated by its upstream activator (ROCK1), LIMK2 can phosphorylate cofilin to inactivate it. This relieves the levering stress on actin and allows polymerization to occur. Actin rearrangement is essential in regulating cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and migration. Dysregulation of the ROCK1/LIMK2/cofilin pathway has been reported to link to the development of various solid cancers such as breast, lung, and prostate cancer and liquid cancer like leukemia. This review aims to assess the findings from multiple reported in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies on the potential tumour-regulatory role of LIMK2 in different human cancers. The findings of the selected literature unraveled that activated AKT, EGF, and TGF-β pathways can upregulate the activities of the ROCK1/LIMK2/cofilin pathway. Besides cofilin, LIMK2 can modulate the cellular levels of other proteins, such as TPPP1, to promote microtubule polymerization. The tumour suppressor protein p53 can transactivate LIMK2b, a splice variant of LIMK2, to induce cell cycle arrest and allow DNA repair to occur before the cell enters the next phase of the cell cycle. Additionally, several non-coding RNAs, such as miR-135a and miR-939-5p, could also epigenetically regulate the expression of LIMK2. Since the expression of LIMK2 is dysregulated in several human cancers, measuring the tissue expression of LIMK2 could potentially help diagnose cancer and predict patient prognosis. As LIMK2 could play tumour-promoting and tumour-inhibiting roles in cancer development, more investigation should be conducted to carefully evaluate whether introducing a LIMK2 inhibitor in cancer patients could slow cancer progression without posing clinical harms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xiong Chong
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mousavi H, Rimaz M, Zeynizadeh B. Practical Three-Component Regioselective Synthesis of Drug-Like 3-Aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[ h]cinnolines as Potential Non-Covalent Multi-Targeting Inhibitors To Combat Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1828-1881. [PMID: 38647433 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are one of the prominent health challenges facing contemporary society, and many efforts have been made to overcome and (or) control it. In this research paper, we described a practical one-pot two-step three-component reaction between 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (1), aryl(or heteroaryl)glyoxal monohydrates (2a-h), and hydrazine monohydrate (NH2NH2•H2O) for the regioselective preparation of some 3-aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnoline derivatives (3a-h). After synthesis and characterization of the mentioned cinnolines (3a-h), the in silico multi-targeting inhibitory properties of these heterocyclic scaffolds have been investigated upon various Homo sapiens-type enzymes, including hMAO-A, hMAO-B, hAChE, hBChE, hBACE-1, hBACE-2, hNQO-1, hNQO-2, hnNOS, hiNOS, hPARP-1, hPARP-2, hLRRK-2(G2019S), hGSK-3β, hp38α MAPK, hJNK-3, hOGA, hNMDA receptor, hnSMase-2, hIDO-1, hCOMT, hLIMK-1, hLIMK-2, hRIPK-1, hUCH-L1, hPARK-7, and hDHODH, which have confirmed their functions and roles in the neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), based on molecular docking studies, and the obtained results were compared with a wide range of approved drugs and well-known (with IC50, EC50, etc.) compounds. In addition, in silico ADMET prediction analysis was performed to examine the prospective drug properties of the synthesized heterocyclic compounds (3a-h). The obtained results from the molecular docking studies and ADMET-related data demonstrated that these series of 3-aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnolines (3a-h), especially hit ones, can really be turned into the potent core of new drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), and/or due to the having some reactionable locations, they are able to have further organic reactions (such as cross-coupling reactions), and expansion of these compounds (for example, with using other types of aryl(or heteroaryl)glyoxal monohydrates) makes a new avenue for designing novel and efficient drugs for this purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mousavi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rimaz
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran 19395-3697, Iran
| | - Behzad Zeynizadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee CJ, Jang TY, Kim JH, Lim S, Lee S, Nam JS. The dysadherin/FAK axis promotes individual cell migration in colon cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2356-2369. [PMID: 38725858 PMCID: PMC11077383 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of cancer cell motility is a key driver of invasion and metastasis. High dysadherin expression in cancer cells is correlated with invasion and metastasis. Here, we found the molecular mechanism by which dysadherin regulates the migration and invasion of colon cancer (CC). Comprehensive analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing data from CC patients revealed that high dysadherin expression in cells is linked to cell migration-related gene signatures. We confirmed that the deletion of dysadherin in tumor cells hindered local invasion and distant migration using in vivo tumor models. In this context, by performing cell morphological analysis, we found that aberrant cell migration resulted from impaired actin dynamics, focal adhesion turnover and protrusive structure formation upon dysadherin expression. Mechanistically, the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was observed in dysadherin-enriched cells. The dysadherin/FAK axis enhanced cell migration and invasion by activating the FAK downstream cascade, which includes the Rho family of small GTPases. Overall, this study illuminates the role of dysadherin in modulating cancer cell migration by forcing actin dynamics and protrusive structure formation via FAK signaling, indicating that targeting dysadherin may be a potential therapeutic strategy for CC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeong-Seok Nam
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang X, Xu Z, Jiang S, Wang H, Xiao M, Shi Y, Wang K. PDZ and LIM Domain-Encoding Genes: Their Role in Cancer Development. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5042. [PMID: 37894409 PMCID: PMC10605254 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PDZ-LIM family proteins (PDLIMs) are a kind of scaffolding proteins that contain PDZ and LIM interaction domains. As protein-protein interacting molecules, PDZ and LIM domains function as scaffolds to bind to a variety of proteins. The PDLIMs are composed of evolutionarily conserved proteins found throughout different species. They can participate in cell signal transduction by mediating the interaction of signal molecules. They are involved in many important physiological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and the maintenance of cellular structural integrity. Studies have shown that dysregulation of the PDLIMs leads to tumor formation and development. In this paper, we review and integrate the current knowledge on PDLIMs. The structure and function of the PDZ and LIM structural domains and the role of the PDLIMs in tumor development are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yueli Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; (X.J.); (Z.X.); (S.J.); (H.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; (X.J.); (Z.X.); (S.J.); (H.W.); (M.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kiełb P, Kowalczyk K, Gurwin A, Nowak Ł, Krajewski W, Sosnowski R, Szydełko T, Małkiewicz B. Novel Histopathological Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer: Implications and Perspectives. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1552. [PMID: 37371647 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men. Despite the significant progress in cancer diagnosis and treatment over the last few years, the approach to disease detection and therapy still does not include histopathological biomarkers. The dissemination of PCa is strictly related to the creation of a premetastatic niche, which can be detected by altered levels of specific biomarkers. To date, the risk factors for biochemical recurrence include lymph node status, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), body mass index (BMI), pathological Gleason score, seminal vesicle invasion, extraprostatic extension, and intraductal carcinoma. In the future, biomarkers might represent another prognostic factor, as discussed in many studies. In this review, we focus on histopathological biomarkers (particularly CD169 macrophages, neuropilin-1, cofilin-1, interleukin-17, signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 (STAT3), LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1), CD15, AMACR, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), Appl1, Sortilin, Syndecan-1, and p63) and their potential application in decision making regarding the prognosis and treatment of PCa patients. We refer to studies that found a correlation between the levels of biomarkers and tumor characteristics as well as clinical outcomes. We also hypothesize about the potential use of histopathological markers as a target for novel immunotherapeutic drugs or targeted radionuclide therapy, which may be used as adjuvant therapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kiełb
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kowalczyk
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Gurwin
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Nowak
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Roman Sosnowski
- Department of Urogenital Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szydełko
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Małkiewicz
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ning Y, Feng W, Cao X, Ren K, Quan M, Chen A, Xu C, Qiu Y, Cao J, Li X, Luo X. Retraction Note: Genistein inhibits stemness of SKOV3 cells induced by macrophages co-cultured with ovarian cancer stem-like cells through IL-8/STAT3 axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:30. [PMID: 36691029 PMCID: PMC9872405 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-018-1010-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Ning
- grid.470124.4Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120 China ,grid.412601.00000 0004 1760 3828The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Weifeng Feng
- grid.412601.00000 0004 1760 3828The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Kaiqun Ren
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Meifang Quan
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - A. Chen
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Chang Xu
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Yebei Qiu
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Department of preclinical medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Xin Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saraswati S, Kumar S, Alhaider AA. Retraction Note: α-santalol inhibits the angiogenesis and growth of human prostate tumor growth by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated AKT/mTOR/P70S6K signaling pathway. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:223. [DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-4598-12-147.
Collapse
|
8
|
Collins R, Lee H, Jones DH, Elkins JM, Gillespie JA, Thomas C, Baldwin AG, Jones K, Waters L, Paine M, Atack JR, Ward SE, Grubisha O, Foley DW. Comparative Analysis of Small-Molecule LIMK1/2 Inhibitors: Chemical Synthesis, Biochemistry, and Cellular Activity. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13705-13713. [PMID: 36205722 PMCID: PMC9619402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
LIM domain kinases 1 and 2 (LIMK1 and LIMK2) regulate actin dynamics and subsequently key cellular functions such as proliferation and migration. LIMK1 and LIMK2 phosphorylate and inactivate cofilin leading to increased actin polymerization. As a result, LIMK inhibitors are emerging as a promising treatment strategy for certain cancers and neurological disorders. High-quality chemical probes are required if the role of these kinases in health and disease is to be understood. To that end, we report the results of a comparative assessment of 17 reported LIMK1/2 inhibitors in a variety of in vitro enzymatic and cellular assays. Our evaluation has identified three compounds (TH-257, LIJTF500025, and LIMKi3) as potent and selective inhibitors suitable for use as in vitro and in vivo pharmacological tools for the study of LIMK function in cell biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Collins
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Hyunah Lee
- Centre
for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - D. Heulyn Jones
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Elkins
- Centre
for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jason A. Gillespie
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Carys Thomas
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Alex G. Baldwin
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley Jones
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Loren Waters
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Paine
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - John R. Atack
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E. Ward
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Olivera Grubisha
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - David W. Foley
- Medicines
Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lafanechère L. The microtubule cytoskeleton: An old validated target for novel therapeutic drugs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:969183. [PMID: 36188585 PMCID: PMC9521402 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds targeting microtubules are widely used in cancer therapy with a proven efficacy. However, because they also target non-cancerous cells, their administration leads to numerous adverse effects. With the advancement of knowledge on the structure of tubulin, the regulation of microtubule dynamics and their deregulation in pathological processes, new therapeutic strategies are emerging, both for the treatment of cancer and for other diseases, such as neuronal or even heart diseases and parasite infections. In addition, a better understanding of the mechanism of action of well-known drugs such as colchicine or certain kinase inhibitors contributes to the development of these new therapeutic approaches. Nowadays, chemists and biologists are working jointly to select drugs which target the microtubule cytoskeleton and have improved properties. On the basis of a few examples this review attempts to depict the panorama of these recent advances.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu X, Song Q, Wang D, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Fu W. LIMK1: A promising prognostic and immune infiltration indicator in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:234. [PMID: 35720504 PMCID: PMC9185146 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) is upregulated in a variety of tumors and may be a potential detection target. The present study analyzed the expression difference of LIMK1 and its relationship with tumor clinicopathological characteristics and tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC). The transcriptomic data of LIMK1 with CRC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and GEO databases for analyzing the expression of LIMK1 mRNA and the correlation with the prognosis of patients. The protein expression of LIMK1 was obtained from the Human Protein Atlas. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier was used to evaluate the expression characteristics and prognostic differences of LIMK1 in CRC. STRING was used to analyze co-expression genes of LIMK1. The tumor immune estimation resource was applied to the correlation between LIMK1 expression and immune infiltrates. The present study verified LIMK1 expression at the level of clinical samples collected from the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and cell lines using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The mRNA and protein expression of LIMK1 were both upregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent tissues in CRC. The expression levels of LIMK1 were positively associated with clinical-pathological features of CRC including lymphatic invasion (P=4.00×10−2) and high pathologic stages (P=4.20×10−2). The AUC value of LIMK1 in CRC was 0.937 (95% CI: 0.918-0.957) through ROC analysis. Under the best cut-off value (4.009), the sensitivity and specificity were 98 and 81.9%. LIMK1 expression was mainly related to CD4+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells in the immune microenvironment of CRC. In conclusion, the high expression of LIMK1 in CRC was closely related to the clinical features and prognosis of patients. Therefore, LIMK1 was a promising prognostic indicator and a potential target for immunotherapy in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Song
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Daohan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yubiao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
LIMK1 Interacts with STK25 to Regulate EMT and Promote the Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3963883. [PMID: 35265128 PMCID: PMC8901301 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3963883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the interaction between LIMK1 and STK25 and its expression in colon cancer and its effect on the malignant evolution of colon cancer. Methods Fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of the LIMK1 gene in cancer and adjacent tissues of 20 clinical colon cancer samples. The overexpression plasmids of LIMK1 and STK25 were constructed. An shRNA specific to LIMK1 was synthesized and transfected into colon cancer cell lines. The expression levels of EMT-related markers in cell lines were detected by real-time PCR. The effects of LIMK1 and STK25 on the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cell lines were detected by CCK-8 assay, Transwell, and clonogenesis. Results LIMK1 interacted with STK25 and was highly expressed in colon cancer. High expression of LIMK1 and STK25 is associated with poor prognosis in colon cancer patients. LIMK silencing inhibits proliferation, invasion, and EMT of colon cancer. Cotransfection of LIMK1 and STK25 promotes the malignant progression and EMT of colon cancer. Conclusion Protein interaction between LIMK1 and STK25 occurs. Overexpression of LIMK1 and STK25 plays a role in promoting cell proliferation and invasion in colon cancer tissues and cells. They also play a role in promoting the occurrence and development of colon cancer.
Collapse
|
12
|
Abd El Khalek SM. LIM domain kinase 1: Candidate marker for diagnosis and prognosis in prostate cancer. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 42:1. [DOI: 10.4103/egjp.egjp_51_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
|
13
|
Liu ZZ(G, Taiyab A, West-Mays JA. MMP9 Differentially Regulates Proteins Involved in Actin Polymerization and Cell Migration during TGF-β-Induced EMT in the Lens. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111988. [PMID: 34769418 PMCID: PMC8584335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic cataracts have been attributed to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Using mouse knockout (KO) models, our laboratory has identified MMP9 as a crucial protein in the TGF-β-induced EMT process. In this study, we further revealed an absence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and filamentous-actin (F-actin) stress fibers in MMP9KO mouse lens epithelial cell explants (LECs). Expression analysis using NanoString revealed no marked differences in αSMA (ACTA2) and beta-actin (β-actin) (ACTB) mRNA between the lenses of TGF-β-overexpressing (TGF-βtg) mice and TGF-βtg mice on a MMP9KO background. We subsequently conducted a protein array that revealed differential regulation of proteins known to be involved in actin polymerization and cell migration in TGF-β-treated MMP9KO mouse LECs when compared to untreated controls. Immunofluorescence analyses using rat LECs and the novel MMP9-specific inhibitor, JNJ0966, revealed similar differential regulation of cortactin, FAK, LIMK1 and MLC2 as observed in the array. Finally, a reduction in the nuclear localization of MRTF-A, a master regulator of cytoskeletal remodeling during EMT, was observed in rat LECs co-treated with JNJ0966 and TGF-β. In conclusion, MMP9 deficiency results in differential regulation of proteins involved in actin polymerization and cell migration, and this in turn prevents TGF-β-induced EMT in the lens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judith A. West-Mays
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(905)-525-9140 (ext. 26237); Fax: +1-(905)-525-7400
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
LIM-Kinases in Synaptic Plasticity, Memory, and Brain Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082079. [PMID: 34440848 PMCID: PMC8391678 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory require structural and functional modifications of synaptic connections, and synaptic deficits are believed to underlie many brain disorders. The LIM-domain-containing protein kinases (LIMK1 and LIMK2) are key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton by affecting the actin-binding protein, cofilin. In addition, LIMK1 is implicated in the regulation of gene expression by interacting with the cAMP-response element-binding protein. Accumulating evidence indicates that LIMKs are critically involved in brain function and dysfunction. In this paper, we will review studies on the roles and underlying mechanisms of LIMKs in the regulation of long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD), the most extensively studied forms of long-lasting synaptic plasticity widely regarded as cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory. We will also discuss the involvement of LIMKs in the regulation of the dendritic spine, the structural basis of synaptic plasticity, and memory formation. Finally, we will discuss recent progress on investigations of LIMKs in neurological and mental disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Williams–Beuren syndrome, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorders.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rodríguez-Fernández L, Company S, Zaragozá R, Viña JR, García-Trevijano ER. Cleavage and activation of LIM kinase 1 as a novel mechanism for calpain 2-mediated regulation of nuclear dynamics. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16339. [PMID: 34381117 PMCID: PMC8358030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpain-2 (CAPN2) is a processing enzyme ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues whose pleiotropic functions depend on the role played by its cleaved-products. Nuclear interaction networks, crucial for a number of molecular processes, could be modified by CAPN2 activity. However, CAPN2 functions in cell nucleus are poorly understood. To unveil CAPN2 functions in this compartment, the result of CAPN2-mediated interactions in cell nuclei was studied in breast cancer cell (BCC) lines. CAPN2 abundance was found to be determinant for its nucleolar localization during interphase. Those CAPN2-dependent components of nucleolar proteome, including the actin-severing protein cofilin-1 (CFL1), were identified by proteomic approaches. CAPN2 binding, cleavage and activation of LIM Kinase-1 (LIMK1), followed by CFL1 phosphorylation was studied. Upon CAPN2-depletion, full-length LIMK1 levels increased and CFL1/LIMK1 binding was inhibited. In addition, LIMK1 accumulated at the cell periphery and perinucleolar region and, the mitosis-specific increase of CFL1 phosphorylation and localization was altered, leading to aberrant mitosis and cell multinucleation. These findings uncover a mechanism for the role of CAPN2 during mitosis, unveil the critical role of CAPN2 in the interactions among nuclear components and, identifying LIMK1 as a new CAPN2-target, provide a novel mechanism for LIMK1 activation. CFL1 is crucial for cytoskeleton remodeling and mitosis, but also for the maintenance of nuclear structure, the movement of chromosomes and the modulation of transcription frequently altered in cancer cells. Consequently, the role of CAPN2 in the nuclear compartment might be extended to other actin-associated biological and pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Rodríguez-Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Company
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Zaragozá
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - J R Viña
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - E R García-Trevijano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain. .,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lu G, Zhou Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Upregulation of LIMK1 Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:671585. [PMID: 34149814 PMCID: PMC8209497 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.671585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protein-coding gene LIM Domain Kinase 1 (LIMK1) is upregulated in various tumors and reported to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the prognostic values of LIMK1 and correlation with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma are still not understood. Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic role of LIMK1 and its correlation with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods Transcriptional expression profiles of LIMK1 between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The LIMK1 protein expression was assessed by the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) and the Human Protein Atlas. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from adjacent normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier method was conducted to assess the effect of LIMK1 on survival. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed by the STRING. Functional enrichment analyses were performed using the “ClusterProfiler” package. The relationship between LIMK1 mRNA expression and immune infiltrates was determined by tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and tumor-immune system interaction database (TISIDB). Results The expression of LIMK1 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly upregulated than those in adjacent normal tissues. Increased LIMK1 mRNA expression was associated with lymph node metastases and high TNM stage. The ROC curve analysis showed that with a cutoff level of 4.908, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for LIMK1 differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from adjacent controls were 69.5, 93.2, and 71.9%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed lung adenocarcinoma patients with high- LIMK1 had a worse prognosis than those with low- LIMK1 (43.1 vs. 55.1 months, P = 0.028). Correlation analysis indicated LIMK1 mRNA expression was correlated with tumor purity and immune infiltrates. Conclusion Upregulated LIMK1 is significantly correlated with poor survival and immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma. Our study suggests that LIMK1 can be used as a biomarker of poor prognosis and potential immune therapy target in lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kang X, Li W, Liu W, Liang H, Deng J, Wong CC, Zhao S, Kang W, To KF, Chiu PWY, Wang G, Yu J, Ng EKW. LIMK1 promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer and is a therapeutic target. Oncogene 2021; 40:3422-3433. [PMID: 33883692 PMCID: PMC8116207 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis is a common form of metastasis among advanced gastric cancer patients. In this study, we reported the identification of LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) as a promoter of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis, and its potential to be a therapeutic target of dabrafenib (DAB). Using transcriptomic sequencing of paired gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis, primary tumors, and normal gastric tissues, we first unveiled that LIMK1 is selectively up-regulated in metastatic tumors. Increased LIMK1 in gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis was validated by immunohistochemistry analysis of an independent patient cohort. In vitro functional studies demonstrated that LIMK1 knockout or knockdown significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. LIMK1 knockout also abrogated peritoneal and liver metastases of gastric cancer cells in nude mice in vivo. Dabrafenib, a small molecule targeting LIMK1, was found to decrease cell migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells in vitro and abolish peritoneal and liver metastasis formation in vivo. Mechanistically, either LIMK1 knockout or Dabrafenib inhibited LIMK1 expression and phosphorylation of its downstream target cofilin. Taken together, our results demonstrated that LIMK1 functions as a metastasis promoter in gastric cancer by inhibiting LIMK1-p-cofilin and that Dabrafenib has the potential to serve as a novel treatment for gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Kang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University 4th Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, City Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, City Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sinan Zhao
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University 2nd Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Wai Yan Chiu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guiying Wang
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University 4th Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Enders Kwok Wai Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pan Z, Liu C, Zhi Y, Xie Z, Wu L, Jiang M, Zhang Y, Zhou R, Zhao L. LIMK1 nuclear translocation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by increasing p-ERK nuclear shuttling and by activating c-Myc signalling upon EGF stimulation. Oncogene 2021; 40:2581-2595. [PMID: 33686242 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) is a serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase that is predominantly located in the cytoplasm. In our study, nuclear translocation of LIMK1 in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples was demonstrated for the first time, especially in samples from those with intravascular tumour thrombus. LIMK1 was overexpressed in HCC tissues, and nuclear LIMK1 expression was associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Although the effects of cytoplasmic LIMK1 on cofilin phosphorylation and actin filament dynamics have been well studied, the function of nuclear LIMK1 is still unclear. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed both in vitro and in vivo and demonstrated a correlation between nuclear LIMK1 and the enhanced aggressive phenotype of HCC. EGF could drive the nuclear translocation of LIMK1 by activating the interaction of p-ERK and LIMK1 and facilitating their roles in nuclear shuttling. Moreover, nuclear LIMK1 could directly bind to the promoter region of c-Myc and stimulate c-Myc transcription. Although the EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab has a poor therapeutic effect on advanced HCC patients, in vivo animal study showed that cetuximab achieved a significant inhibitory effect on the progression of nuclear LIMK1-overexpressing HCC cells. In addition, recent data have demonstrated the potential of cetuximab in combination therapy for HCC patients with LIMK1 nuclear translocation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Pan
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Zhi
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyue Xie
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang M, Tian J, Wang R, Song M, Zhao R, Chen H, Liu K, Shim JH, Zhu F, Dong Z, Lee MH. Dasatinib Inhibits Lung Cancer Cell Growth and Patient Derived Tumor Growth in Mice by Targeting LIMK1. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:556532. [PMID: 33344441 PMCID: PMC7746816 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.556532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause cancer-related death with diversity. A promising approach to meet the need for improved cancer treatment is drug repurposing. Dasatinib, a second generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), is a potent treatment agent for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) approved by FDA, however, its off-targets and the underlying mechanisms in lung cancer have not been elucidated yet. LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) is a serine/threonine kinase, which is highly upregulated in human cancers. Herein, we demonstrated that dasatinib dose-dependently blocked lung cancer cell proliferation and repressed LIMK1 activities by directly targeting LIMK1. It was confirmed that knockdown of LIMK1 expression suppressed lung cancer cell proliferation. From the in silico screening results, dasatinib may target to LIMK1. Indeed, dasatinib significantly inhibited the LIMK1 activity as evidenced by kinase and binding assay, and computational docking model analysis. Dasatinib inhibited lung cancer cell growth, while induced cell apoptosis as well as cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Meanwhile, dasatinib also suppressed the expression of markers relating cell cycle, cyclin D1, D3, and CDK2, and increased the levels of markers involved in cell apoptosis, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-7 by downregulating phosphorylated LIMK1 (p-LIMK1) and cofilin (p-cofilin). Furthermore, in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), dasatinib (30 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the growth of tumors in SCID mice which highly expressed LIMK1 without changing the bodyweight. In summary, our results indicate that dasatinib acts as a novel LIMK1 inhibitor to suppress the lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, which suggests evidence for the application of dasatinib in lung cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Tian
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Song
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kangdong Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | - Feng Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jensen P, Carlet M, Schlenk RF, Weber A, Kress J, Brunner I, Słabicki M, Grill G, Weisemann S, Cheng YY, Jeremias I, Scholl C, Fröhling S. Requirement for LIM kinases in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:3173-3185. [PMID: 32591645 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0943-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disease for which only few targeted therapies are available. Using high-throughput RNA interference (RNAi) screening in AML cell lines, we identified LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) as a potential novel target for AML treatment. High LIMK1 expression was significantly correlated with shorter survival of AML patients and coincided with FLT3 mutations, KMT2A rearrangements, and elevated HOX gene expression. RNAi- and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated suppression as well as pharmacologic inhibition of LIMK1 and its close homolog LIMK2 reduced colony formation and decreased proliferation due to slowed cell-cycle progression of KMT2A-rearranged AML cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) samples. This was accompanied by morphologic changes indicative of myeloid differentiation. Transcriptome analysis showed upregulation of several tumor suppressor genes as well as downregulation of HOXA9 targets and mitosis-associated genes in response to LIMK1 suppression, providing a potential mechanistic basis for the anti-leukemic phenotype. Finally, we observed a reciprocal regulation between LIM kinases (LIMK) and CDK6, a kinase known to be involved in the differentiation block of KMT2A-rearranged AML, and addition of the CDK6 inhibitor palbociclib further enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of LIMK inhibition. Together, these data suggest that LIMK are promising targets for AML therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Jensen
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michela Carlet
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Richard F Schlenk
- Clinical Trials Center, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Weber
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Kress
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ines Brunner
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mikołaj Słabicki
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gregor Grill
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Weisemann
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ya-Yun Cheng
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Scholl
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Huang J, Wu Y, Lin Y, Cai H, Chen S, Sun X, Li X, Wei Y, Zheng Q, Xu N, Xue X. Up-regulation of LIMK1 expression in prostate cancer is correlated with poor pathological features, lymph node metastases and biochemical recurrence. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4698-4706. [PMID: 32168432 PMCID: PMC7176864 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) expression in prostate cancer (PCa) tissues with advanced pathological features, lymph node metastases and biochemical recurrence. A total of 279 PCa specimens from patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and 50 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) specimens were collected to construct tissue microarray, which were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for LIMK1 expression subsequently. Logistic and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between LIMK1 expression and clinicopathological features of patients with PCa. Immunohistochemical staining assay demonstrated that LIMK1 expression was significantly higher in PCa than BPH specimens (77.1% vs 26.0%; P < .001). LIMK1 expression was significantly higher in positive lymph node specimens than corresponding PCa specimens (P = .002; P < .001). Up-regulation of LIMK1 was associated with prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, prostate-specific antigen density, Gleason score, T stage, lymph node metastases, extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion, and positive surgical margin. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that LIMK1 was an independent risk factor for PCa lymph node metastasis (P < .05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the up-regulation of LIMK1 was an independent risk factor for biochemical recurrence. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that up-regulation LIMK1 was associated with shortened biochemical-free survival (BFS) after radical prostatectomy (P < .001). In conclusion, LIMK1 was significantly up-regulated in PCa and positive lymph node specimens and correlated with lymph node metastasis and shortened BFS of PCa. The underlying molecular mechanism of LIMK1 in PCa should be further evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Bei Huang
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yu‐Peng Wu
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yun‐Zhi Lin
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Hai Cai
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Shao‐Hao Chen
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiong‐Lin Sun
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Dong Li
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yong Wei
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Qing‐Shui Zheng
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ning Xu
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xue‐Yi Xue
- Departments of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Su Q, Zhang P, Yu D, Wu Z, Li D, Shen F, Liao P, Yin G. Upregulation of miR-93 and inhibition of LIMK1 improve ventricular remodeling and alleviate cardiac dysfunction in rats with chronic heart failure by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7570-7586. [PMID: 31541994 PMCID: PMC6782012 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: There are some researches about the role of microRNA (miRNA) in chronic heart failure (CHF) were performed, but the study about miR-93’s function in CHF is scarcely investigated. Thus, we determined to probe into the effects of miR-93 in rats with CHF by targeting LIMK1 through regulating RhoA/ROCK pathway. Results: We found increased LIMK1 and decreased miR-93 in CHF rats, and up-regulation of miR-93 inhibited LIMK1, RhoA and ROCK1 expression in CHF rats. Up-regulation of miR-93 or inhibition of LIMK1 decreased oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, as well as apoptosis-related indicators in CHF rats. LIMK1 was confirmed as a direct target gene of miR-93. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that upregulated miR-93 and downregulated LIMK1 improve ventricular remodeling and reduce cardiac dysfunction in CHF rats by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway activation. Methods: First, rat models of CHF were established by aortic coarctation, and the rats were injected with miR-93 mimics, LIMK1-siRNA or overexpressed-LIMK1. Then expression of miR-93, LIMK1, RhoA, and ROCK1 expression in myocardial tissues were detected, after which indices of cardiac ultrasound, hemodynamics, and oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, apoptosis-related indicators were detected via a series of assays. Finally, the targeting relationship of miR-93 and LIMK1 was verified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Su
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Dong Yu
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Zhaodi Wu
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Dandan Li
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Fangfang Shen
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Pengfei Liao
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| | - Guizhi Yin
- Cardiovascular Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R.China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
MicroRNA Dysregulation in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092181. [PMID: 31052530 PMCID: PMC6540078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most frequent cancer in humans and it can be locally invasive and metastatic to distant sites. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are endogenous, small, non-coding RNAs of 19–25 nucleotides in length, that are involved in regulating gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs have been implicated in diverse biological functions and diseases. In cancer, miRNAs can proceed either as oncogenic miRNAs (onco-miRs) or as tumor suppressor miRNAs (oncosuppressor-miRs), depending on the pathway in which they are involved. Dysregulation of miRNA expression has been shown in most of the tumors evaluated. MiRNA dysregulation is known to be involved in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). In this review, we focus on the recent evidence about the role of miRNAs in the development of CSCC and in the prognosis of this form of skin cancer.
Collapse
|
24
|
Gong H, Zhou L, Khelfat L, Qiu G, Wang Y, Mao K, Chen W. Rho-Associated Protein Kinase (ROCK) Promotes Proliferation and Migration of PC-3 and DU145 Prostate Cancer Cells by Targeting LIM Kinase 1 (LIMK1) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3090-3099. [PMID: 31026254 PMCID: PMC6500105 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the pathogenesis and progression of prostate cancer, cell proliferation and cell migration results in tumor invasion and metastasis that is associated with patient morbidity and mortality. Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) has previously been shown to be upregulated in prostate cancer, but its biological role remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of ROCK in the proliferation and migration of PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells and to identify the possible targets involved by knockdown of ROCK1 and ROCK2 RNA expression. Material/Methods An RNA interference (RNAi) assay was performed to silence the expression of ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the PC-3 and DU145 human prostate cancer cell lines. Cells were also treated with a specific ROCK inhibitor, Y27632. A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to determine the proliferation rate of prostate cancer cells, and cell migration and invasion assays were performed. Western blot and polymerase chain reaction were used to measure protein and RNA expression levels. Results In PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells, knockdown of ROCK1 and ROCK2 reduced cell migration and invasion. ROCK1 and ROCK2 regulated cell proliferation in PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells. Protein levels of phosphorylated LIM kinase 1 (p-LIMK1) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were reduced in ROCK1 and ROCK2 siRNA transfected cells. Conclusions In PC-3 and DU145 human prostate cancer cells, ROCK promoted cell proliferation and migration by targeting LIMK1 and MMP-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Gong
- Department of Urology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Lotfi Khelfat
- Department of Urology, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Guangmin Qiu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yuemin Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Kaili Mao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Weihua Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland).,Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital Jian Hospital, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen Q, Gimple RC, Li G, Chen J, Wu H, Li R, Xie J, Xu B. LIM kinase 1 acts as a profibrotic mediator in permanent atrial fibrillation patients with valvular heart disease. J Biosci 2019; 44:16. [PMID: 30837367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequently diagnosed cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. Patients with permanent atrial fibrillation are at an increased risk of developing valvular heart disease. Atrial fibrosis occurs in this pathophysiological setting. LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates microtubule stability and actin polymerization in fibroblasts. LIMK1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. Clinical data and biopsies of the right atrial appendage were collected from 50 patients with valvular heart disease who underwent heart valve replacement surgery. Data from patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) and patients with sinus rhythm (SR) were compared. We found that AF patients had upregulated expression of LIMK1 as well as higher fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulation induced the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts as well as upregulated expression of LIMK1. Downregulation of LIMK1 by siRNA inhibited TGF-β induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, as evidenced by the downregulation of the expression of several differentiation markers, namely alpha-smooth muscle actin and type I and III collagen. Our findings revealed that increased LIMK1 protein levels may contribute to atrial fibrosis, and suggested that LIMK1 might be involved in AF development by promoting fibrogenesis associated with TGF-β.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinhua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen Q, Gimple RC, Li G, Chen J, Wu H, Li R, Xie J, Xu B. LIM kinase 1 acts as a profibrotic mediator in permanent atrial fibrillation patients with valvular heart disease. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9825-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
27
|
Zhuang H, Li Q, Zhang X, Ma X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Yi X, Chen R, Han F, Zhang N, Li Y. Downregulation of glycine decarboxylase enhanced cofilin-mediated migration in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018. [PMID: 29524606 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC), an oxidoreductase, plays an important role in amino acid metabolism. While GLDC promotes tumor initiation and proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer and glioma and it was reported as a putative tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer, the role of GLDC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. In the current study, microarray-based analysis suggested that GLDC expression was low in highly malignant HCC cell lines, and clinicopathological analysis revealed a decrease in GLDC in HCC tumor samples. While the knockdown of GLDC enhanced cancer cell migration and invasion, GLDC overexpression inhibited them. Mechanistic studies revealed that GLDC knockdown increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the ratio of glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), which in turn dampened the ubiquitination of cofilin, a key regulator of actin polymerization. Consequently, the protein level of cofilin was elevated, which accounted for the increase in cell migration. The overexpression of GLDC reversed the phenotype. Treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine decreased the protein level of cofilin while treatment with H2O2 increased it, further confirming the role of ROS in regulating cofilin degradation. In a tumor xenographic transplant nude mouse model, the knockdown of GLDC promoted intrahepatic metastasis of HCC while GLDC overexpression inhibited it. Our data indicate that GLDC downregulation decreases ROS-mediated ubiquitination of cofilin to enhance HCC progression and intrahepatic metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuda Ma
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xianfu Yi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruibing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bracamontes CG, Lopez-Valdez R, Subramani R, Arumugam A, Nandy S, Rajamanickam V, Ravichandran V, Lakshmanaswamy R. The serum protein profile of early parity which induces protection against breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82538-82553. [PMID: 27769065 PMCID: PMC5347712 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early parity reduces the risk of breast cancer in women while nulliparity and late parity increase the risk of breast cancer. In order to translate this protection to women where early pregnancy is not feasible, much work has focused on understanding how parity confers protection against breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs is still not well understood. Healthy parous and nulliparous women were recruited for this study. We assessed serum protein profiles of early parous, late parous, and nulliparous women using the Phospho Explorer antibody array. Significantly altered proteins identified were validated by Western blot analysis. In silico analysis was performed with the data obtained. Our findings indicate increased phosphorylation levels of CDK1, AKT1 and Epo-R increased cell cycle and cell proliferation in late/nulliparous women. Increased levels of LIMK1, paxillin, caveolin-1, and tyrosine hydroxylase in late/nulliparous women demonstrate enhanced cell stress while decreased activity of p-p53 and pRAD51 in late/nulliparous women indicates decreased apoptosis and increased genomic instability. Further, increased levels of pFAK, pCD3zeta, pSTAT5B, MAP3K8 in early parous women favor enhanced innate/adaptive immunity. Overall, we have identified a unique protein signature that is responsible for the decreased risk of breast cancer and these proteins can also serve as biomarkers to predict the risk of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gutierrez Bracamontes
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Rebecca Lopez-Valdez
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Ramadevi Subramani
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Arunkumar Arumugam
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Sushmita Nandy
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Venkatesh Rajamanickam
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Vignesh Ravichandran
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.,Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso-Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Aggelou H, Chadla P, Nikou S, Karteri S, Maroulis I, Kalofonos HP, Papadaki H, Bravou V. LIMK/cofilin pathway and Slingshot are implicated in human colorectal cancer progression and chemoresistance. Virchows Arch 2018; 472:727-737. [PMID: 29352327 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cofilin phospho-regulation is important for actin filament turnover and is implicated in cancer. Phosphorylation of cofilin is mediated by LIM kinases (LIMKs) and dephosphorylation by Slingshot phosphatases (SSH). LIMKs and SSH promote cancer cell invasion and metastasis and represent novel anti-cancer targets. However, little is known regarding LIMK/cofilin and SSH in human colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we aimed to address their expression and significance in human CRC. We evaluated expression of non-phosphorylated (active) and phosphorylated cofilin, LIMK1, LIMK2, and SSH1 by immunohistochemistry in 143 human CRC samples in relation to clinicopathologic parameters, response of metastatic disease to chemotherapy, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers β-catenin, E-cadherin, and ZEB. We show that active cofilin, LIMK1, LIMK2, and SSH1 are overexpressed in human CRC and are associated with tumor progression parameters. SSH1 is an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis by multivariate analysis. LIMK1 and SSH1 expression is also higher in non-responders to chemotherapy, and SSH1 is shown by multivariate analysis to independently predict response of metastatic disease to chemotherapy. Active cofilin, LIMK1, LIMK2, and SSH1 also correlated with the EMT markers examined. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis showed increased expression of active cofilin, LIMK1, LIMK2, and SSH1 in HT29 colon cancer cells resistant to 5-fluorouracil compared to parental HT29 cells. Our results suggest that F-actin regulators LIMK/cofilin pathway and SSH1 are associated with CRC progression and chemoresistance representing promising tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Aggelou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiota Chadla
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Sofia Nikou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Sofia Karteri
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Maroulis
- Department of Surgery, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li D, Song H, Wu T, Xie D, Hu J, Zhao J, Shen Q, Fang L. MiR-519d-3p suppresses breast cancer cell growth and motility via targeting LIM domain kinase 1. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 444:169-178. [PMID: 29188531 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in women, and its estrogen receptor (ER)-negative subtype (ENBC) and triple-negative subtype (TNBC) have unfavorable prognosis in comparison with ER-positive subtype. MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that bind to the 3'-UTR region of targeting mRNAs to regulate gene expression. Mir-519d-3p was found to be associated with breast cancer for its potential role in proliferation and metastasis. To explore its potential role and mechanism of miR-519d-3p in breast carcinogenesis, we determined whether miR-519d-3p regulates breast cancer cell proliferation and motility by performing wound-healing assays and migration-invasion assays. We found that miR-519d-3p significantly inhibits proliferation and motility of ENBC and TNBC cells. Overexpression of miR-519d-3p arrested breast cancer cells in the G0/G1 phase and reduced the expression of CDK4, 6/Cyclin D1, and CDK2/Cyclin E1. It was reported that miR-519d-3p or miR-519d-3p expression was associated with cancer metastasis and clinical staging. Since LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) was highly expressed in breast cancer and a major regulator of breast cancer growth and metastasis, we further demonstrated that LIMK1 is a potential target of miR-519d-3p by dual-luciferase report assay. Mir-519d-3p decreases LIMK1 expression at mRNA and protein levels, and the protein level and phosphorylation of cofilin 1 (CFL1), one of the key downstream targets of LIMK1. Our findings suggest that miR-519d-3p regulates the LIMK1/CFL1 pathway in breast cancer and this new venue could be targeted for future breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Li
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Thyroid and Breast, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.,Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hongming Song
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Thyroid and Breast, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Thyroid and Breast, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xie
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Thyroid and Breast, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiashu Hu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Thyroid and Breast, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyong Zhao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Thyroid and Breast, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Shen
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Lin Fang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Thyroid and Breast, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wei W, Zeng G, Liu C, Zou B, Li L. Associations of LIM kinase1 (LIMK1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with prostate cancer susceptibility in Chinese population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9725-9734. [PMID: 31966855 PMCID: PMC6965917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. LIM kinase1 (LIMK1) is a mediator in the process of cytoskeleton reorganization and cell motility. LIMK1 is related to progression, invasiveness and metastases of prostate cancer. However, the relationship between LIMK1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the risk of prostate cancer has not been studied. AIM The aim of our study is to determine the association between LIMK1 polymorphisms and the risk of prostate in a Chinese population. METHODS This case-control study consisted of 162 prostate cancer patients and 187 healthy control subjects. Five SNPs of LIMK1 including rs2269082, rs2269081, rs178409, rs6460071 and rs710968 were genotyped using iPLEX genotyping assays on a MassARRAY® platform. RESULTS No significant relationships were found between polymorphisms genotypes and the risk of prostate cancer. Also, no significant associations were found between genotypes and the individual factors such as Gleason Score, alcohol and cigarette consuming statuses. CONCLUSION These polymorphisms of LIMK1 were not significantly associated with prostate cancer susceptibility in Chinese men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuran Wei
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Guojun Zeng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Department of Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu, China
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shahi P, Wang CY, Chou J, Hagerling C, Gonzalez Velozo H, Ruderisch A, Yu Y, Lai MD, Werb Z. GATA3 targets semaphorin 3B in mammary epithelial cells to suppress breast cancer progression and metastasis. Oncogene 2017; 36:5567-5575. [PMID: 28581515 PMCID: PMC5629104 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B) is a secreted axonal guidance molecule that is expressed during development and throughout adulthood. Recently, SEMA3B has emerged as a tumor suppressor in non-neuronal cells. Here we show that SEMA3B is a direct target of GATA3 transcriptional activity. GATA3 is a key transcription factor that regulates genes involved in mammary luminal cell differentiation and tumor suppression. We show that GATA3 relies on SEMA3B for suppression of tumor growth. Loss of SEMA3B renders GATA3 inactive and promotes aggressive breast cancer development. Overexpression of SEMA3B in cells lacking GATA3 induces a GATA3-like phenotype and higher levels of SEMA3B are associated with better cancer patient prognosis. Moreover, SEMA3B interferes with activation of LIM kinases (LIMK1 and LIMK2) to abrogate breast cancer progression. Our data provide new insights into the role of SEMA3B in mammary gland and provides a new branch of GATA3 signaling that is pivotal for inhibition of breast cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Shahi
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C-Y Wang
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - J Chou
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Hagerling
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H Gonzalez Velozo
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Ruderisch
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M-D Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Z Werb
- Department of Anatomy and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Su B, Su J, Zeng Y, Liu F, Xia H, Ma YH, Zhou ZG, Zhang S, Yang BM, Wu YH, Zeng X, Ai XH, Ling H, Jiang H, Su Q. Diallyl disulfide suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and proliferation by downregulation of LIMK1 in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10498-512. [PMID: 26871290 PMCID: PMC4891135 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS) has been shown to have multi-targeted antitumor activities. We have previously discovered that it has a repressive effect on LIM kinase-1 (LIMK1) expression in gastric cancer MGC803 cells. This suggests that DADS may inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by downregulating LIMK1, resulting in the inhibition of invasion and growth in gastric cancer. In this study, we reveal that LIMK1 expression is correlated with tumor differentiation, invasion depth, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis. DADS downregulated the Rac1-Pak1/Rock1-LIMK1 pathway in MGC803 cells, as shown by decreased p-LIMK1 and p-cofilin1 levels, and suppressed cell migration and invasion. Knockdown and overexpression experiments performed in vitro demonstrated that downregulating LIMK1 with DADS resulted in restrained EMT that was coupled with decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) expression. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, the DADS-induced suppression of cell proliferation was enhanced and antagonized by the knockdown and overexpression of LIMK1, respectively. Similar results were observed for DADS-induced changes in the expression of vimentin, CD34, Ki-67, and E-cadherin in xenografted tumors. These results indicate that downregulation of LIMK1 by DADS could explain the inhibition of EMT, invasion and proliferation in gastric cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics of Hunan Provincial University, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Jian Su
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Hua Ma
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhou
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Bang-Min Yang
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - You-Hua Wu
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Ai
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Hui Ling
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| | - Qi Su
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Hunan Provincial University, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cofilin-1 and Other ADF/Cofilin Superfamily Members in Human Malignant Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 18:ijms18010010. [PMID: 28025492 PMCID: PMC5297645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of actin-depolymerizing factor homology (ADF-H) domains in the structures of several related proteins led first to the formation of the ADF/cofilin family, which then expanded to the ADF/cofilin superfamily. This superfamily includes the well-studied cofilin-1 (Cfl-1) and about a dozen different human proteins that interact directly or indirectly with the actin cytoskeleton, provide its remodeling, and alter cell motility. According to some data, Cfl-1 is contained in various human malignant cells (HMCs) and is involved in the formation of malignant properties, including invasiveness, metastatic potential, and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. The presence of other ADF/cofilin superfamily proteins in HMCs and their involvement in the regulation of cell motility were discovered with the use of various OMICS technologies. In our review, we discuss the results of the study of Cfl-1 and other ADF/cofilin superfamily proteins, which may be of interest for solving different problems of molecular oncology, as well as for the prospects of further investigations of these proteins in HMCs.
Collapse
|
35
|
Tan Y, Hu H, Tan W, Jin L, Liu J, Zhou H. MicroRNA-138 inhibits migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting LIMK1. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4422-4428. [PMID: 27665963 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-138 has previously been demonstrated to have a suppressive role in numerous types of human cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates actin polymerization via phosphorylation and inactivation of cofilin. Previous studies have reported that LIMK1 is associated with NSCLC; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism of LIMK1, and the association between LIMK1 and miR‑138 in NSCLC cells, remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to reveal the regulatory roles of miR‑138 and LIMK1 in NSCLC cell migration and invasion. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels. Transwell and wound healing assays were conducted to determine cell invasion and migration. A luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the target association between miR‑138 and LIMK1. The present study demonstrated that miR‑138 was markedly downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, whereas the expression levels of LIMK1 were significantly upregulated. LIMK1 was further identified as a direct target of miR‑138 in NSCLC H460 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‑138 significantly inhibited the protein expression of LIMK1, whereas knockdown of miR‑138 upregulated the protein expression of LIMK1 in H460 cells. In addition, overexpression of miR‑138 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells; however, overexpression of LIMK1 significantly promoted NSCLC cell migration and invasion. An investigation into the underlying molecular mechanism revealed that overexpression of miR‑138 significantly decreased cofilin signaling activity, whereas knockdown of miR‑138 notably enhanced cofilin signaling activity. In conclusion, the present study suggests that miR‑138 may inhibit the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells by targeting the LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-138/LIMK1/cofilin may be considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjuan Tan
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Huaidong Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wuyuan Tan
- Department of Burns, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Longyu Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Prunier C, Josserand V, Vollaire J, Beerling E, Petropoulos C, Destaing O, Montemagno C, Hurbin A, Prudent R, de Koning L, Kapur R, Cohen PA, Albiges-Rizo C, Coll JL, van Rheenen J, Billaud M, Lafanechère L. LIM Kinase Inhibitor Pyr1 Reduces the Growth and Metastatic Load of Breast Cancers. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3541-52. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
37
|
Corvaglia V, Marega R, De Leo F, Michiels C, Bonifazi D. Unleashing Cancer Cells on Surfaces Exposing Motogenic IGDQ Peptides. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:321-329. [PMID: 26583377 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thiolated peptides bearing the Ile-Gly-Asp (IGD) motif, a highly conserved sequence of fibronectin, are used for the preparation of anisotropic self-assembled monolayers (SAM gradients) to study the whole-population migratory behavior of metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 cells). Ile-Gly-Asp-Gln-(IGDQ)-exposing SAMs sustain the adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells by triggering focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation, similarly to the analogous Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-(GRGD)-terminating surfaces. However, the biological responses of different cell lines interfaced with the SAM gradients show that only those exposing the IGDQ sequence induce significant migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. In particular, the observed migratory behavior suggests the presence of cell subpopulations associated with a "stationary" or a "migratory" phenotype, the latter determining a considerable cell migration at the sub-cm length scale. These findings are of great importance as they suggest for the first time an active role of biological surfaces exposing the IGD motif in the multicomponent orchestration of cellular signaling involved in the metastatic progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Corvaglia
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Marega
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Federica De Leo
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Carine Michiels
- Cellular Biology Research Unit-NARILIS, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Müller CB, De Bastiani MA, Becker M, França FS, Branco MA, Castro MAA, Klamt F. Potential crosstalk between cofilin-1 and EGFR pathways in cisplatin resistance of non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:3531-9. [PMID: 25784483 PMCID: PMC4414134 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Current challenge in oncology is to establish the concept of personalized medicine in clinical practice. In this context, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents clinical, histological and molecular heterogeneity, being one of the most genomically diverse of all cancers. Recent advances added Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) as a predictive biomarker for patients with advanced NSCLC. In tumors with activating EGFR mutations, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are indicated as first-line treatment, although restricted to a very small target population. In this context, cofilin-1 (a cytosolic protein involved with actin dynamics) has been widely studied as a biomarker of an aggressive phenotype in tumors, and overexpression of cofilin-1 is associated with cisplatin resistance and poor prognosis in NSCLC. Here, we gather information about the predictive potential of cofilin-1 and reviewed the crosstalk between cofilin-1/EGFR pathways. We aimed to highlight new perspectives of how these interactions might affect cisplatin resistance in NSCLC. We propose that cofilin-1 quantification in clinical samples in combination with presence/absence of EGFR mutation could be used to select patients that would benefit from TKI's treatment. This information is of paramount importance and could result in a possibility of guiding more effective treatments to NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Beatriz Müller
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.,National Institutes for Science & Technology-Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio De Bastiani
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.,National Institutes for Science & Technology-Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Matheus Becker
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.,National Institutes for Science & Technology-Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Fernanda Stapenhorst França
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.,National Institutes for Science & Technology-Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Mariane Araujo Branco
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.,National Institutes for Science & Technology-Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Klamt
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.,National Institutes for Science & Technology-Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Riccio AA, Cingolani G, Pascal JM. PARP-2 domain requirements for DNA damage-dependent activation and localization to sites of DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:1691-702. [PMID: 26704974 PMCID: PMC4770219 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is one of three human PARP enzymes that are potently activated during the cellular DNA damage response (DDR). DDR-PARPs detect DNA strand breaks, leading to a dramatic increase in their catalytic production of the posttranslational modification poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) to facilitate repair. There are limited biochemical and structural insights into the functional domains of PARP-2, which has restricted our understanding of how PARP-2 is specialized toward specific repair pathways. PARP-2 has a modular architecture composed of a C-terminal catalytic domain (CAT), a central Trp-Gly-Arg (WGR) domain and an N-terminal region (NTR). Although the NTR is generally considered the key DNA-binding domain of PARP-2, we report here that all three domains of PARP-2 collectively contribute to interaction with DNA damage. Biophysical, structural and biochemical analyses indicate that the NTR is natively disordered, and is only required for activation on specific types of DNA damage. Interestingly, the NTR is not essential for PARP-2 localization to sites of DNA damage. Rather, the WGR and CAT domains function together to recruit PARP-2 to sites of DNA breaks. Our study differentiates the functions of PARP-2 domains from those of PARP-1, the other major DDR-PARP, and highlights the specialization of the multi-domain architectures of DDR-PARPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A Riccio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Gino Cingolani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - John M Pascal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Thymosin β4 induces proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Amino Acids 2015; 48:117-27. [PMID: 26276576 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a vital role in carcinogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of many epithelial tumors including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a common malignancy of the head and neck. However, the functional role of the actin-sequestering protein thymosin β4 (Tβ4) in the EMT in OSCCs remains unclear. Thus, we investigated whether overexpression of Tβ4 could induce in vitro tumorigenesis such as cell proliferation and anchorage independency and an EMT-like phenotype in OSCCs. Also, we examined whether it affects invasiveness and cell motility-associated signaling molecules. Tβ4-overexpressing OSCCs, SCC-15_Tβ4 and SCC-25_Tβ4, enhanced cell proliferation and colony formation. In addition, we observed that Tβ4 overexpression induced an EMT-like phenotype, accompanied by a decrease in expression of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin and an increase in expression of mesenchymal cell markers vimentin and N-cadherin. Also, the expression level of Twist1, an EMT-inducing transcription factor, was significantly enhanced in SCC-15_Tβ4 and SCC-25_Tβ4 cells. Tβ4 overexpression augmented in vitro invasion and MMP-2 activity and enhanced the phosphorylation of paxillin and cortactin and expression of LIMK1. Taken together, these results suggest that Tβ4 overexpression could be one of the causes of tumorigenesis and progression in OSCCs. Further investigation on the Tβ4 molecule would encourage the development of specific targets for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
41
|
LIN LELE, JIANG HONGPENG, HUANG MINGKUI, HOU XU, SUN XUEPU, JIANG XIAN, DONG XUESONG, SUN XUEYING, ZHOU BAOGUO, QIAO HAIQUAN. Depletion of histone deacetylase 1 inhibits metastatic abilities of gastric cancer cells by regulating the miR-34a/CD44 pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:663-72. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
42
|
Cai S, Ye Z, Wang X, Pan Y, Weng Y, Lao S, Wei H, Li L. Overexpression of P21-activated kinase 4 is associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer and promotes migration and invasion. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:48. [PMID: 25975262 PMCID: PMC4443662 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4), an effector of the Rho family protein Cdc42, is an important oncogene whose expression is increased in many human cancers and is generally positively correlated with advanced disease and decreased survival. However, little is known about the expression and biological function of PAK4 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS PAK4 expression in NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and western blotting. Prognostic value of PAK4 expression was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. siRNA-mediated gene silencing and protein kinase assay was applied to demonstrate the role and the mechanism of PAK4 in lung cancer cell migration, invasion. RESULTS The results showed that PAK4 was overexpressed in NSCLC cell lines and human NSCLC tissues. PAK4 expression was detected both in the membranes and cytoplasm of NSCLC cancer cells in vivo. Moreover, increased expression of PAK4 was associated with metastasis, shorter overall survival, advanced stage of NSCLC. Furthermore, PAK4 expression was positively correlated with phosphorylation of LIMK1 expression levels. Knockdown of PAK4 in NSCLC cell lines led to reduce the phosphorylation of LIMK1, which resulted in decrease of the cell migration and invasion. In addition, PAK4 bound to LIMK1 directly and activated it via phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that PAK4 mediated LIMK1 phosphorylation regulates the migration and invasion in NSCLC. Therefore, PAK4 might be a significant prognostic marker and potential therapeutic molecular target in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songwang Cai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Ye
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuhang Pan
- Department of Pathylogy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yimin Weng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Sen Lao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hongbo Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Petrilli A, Copik A, Posadas M, Chang LS, Welling DB, Giovannini M, Fernández-Valle C. LIM domain kinases as potential therapeutic targets for neurofibromatosis type 2. Oncogene 2014; 33:3571-82. [PMID: 23934191 PMCID: PMC4016185 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is caused by mutations in the NF2 gene that encodes a tumor-suppressor protein called merlin. NF2 is characterized by formation of multiple schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas. Merlin loss-of-function is associated with increased activity of Rac and p21-activated kinases (PAKs) and deregulation of cytoskeletal organization. LIM domain kinases (LIMK1 and 2) are substrate for Cdc42/Rac-PAK and modulate actin dynamics by phosphorylating cofilin at serine-3. This modification inactivates the actin severing and depolymerizing activity of cofilin. LIMKs also translocate into the nucleus and regulate cell cycle progression. Significantly, LIMKs are overexpressed in several tumor types, including skin, breast, lung, liver and prostate. Here we report that mouse Schwann cells (MSCs) in which merlin function is lost as a result of Nf2 exon2 deletion (Nf2(ΔEx2)) exhibited increased levels of LIMK1, LIMK2 and active phospho-Thr508/505-LIMK1/2, as well as phospho-Ser3-cofilin, compared with wild-type normal MSCs. Similarly, levels of LIMK1 and 2 total protein and active phosphorylated forms were elevated in human vestibular schwannomas compared with normal human Schwann cells (SCs). Reintroduction of wild-type NF2 into Nf2(ΔEx2) MSC reduced LIMK1 and LIMK2 levels. We show that pharmacological inhibition of LIMK with BMS-5 decreased the viability of Nf2(ΔEx2) MSCs in a dose-dependent manner, but did not affect viability of control MSCs. Similarly, LIMK knockdown decreased viability of Nf2(ΔEx2) MSCs. The decreased viability of Nf2(ΔEx2) MSCs was not due to caspase-dependent or -independent apoptosis, but rather due to inhibition of cell cycle progression as evidenced by accumulation of cells in G2/M phase. Inhibition of LIMKs arrests cells in early mitosis by decreasing aurora A activation. Our results suggest that LIMKs are potential drug targets for NF2 and tumors associated with merlin deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Petrilli
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Alicja Copik
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Michelle Posadas
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Long-Sheng Chang
- Center for Childhood Cancer, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - D. Bradley Welling
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Marco Giovannini
- House Research Institute, Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
| | - Cristina Fernández-Valle
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ray S, Fanti JA, Macedo DP, Larsen M. LIM kinase regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics is required for salivary gland branching morphogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2393-407. [PMID: 24966172 PMCID: PMC4142612 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-02-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
LIMK regulation of actin and microtubule dynamics is required for epithelial regulation of early- and late-stage cleft stabilization and progression. LIMK stimulates focal adhesion assembly and integrin β1 activation in cleft regions, causing fibronectin fibrillogenesis and promoting cleft progression during salivary gland branching morphogenesis. Coordinated actin microfilament and microtubule dynamics is required for salivary gland development, although the mechanisms by which they contribute to branching morphogenesis are not defined. Because LIM kinase (LIMK) regulates both actin and microtubule organization, we investigated the role of LIMK signaling in mouse embryonic submandibular salivary glands using ex vivo organ cultures. Both LIMK 1 and 2 were necessary for branching morphogenesis and functioned to promote epithelial early- and late-stage cleft progression through regulation of both microfilaments and microtubules. LIMK-dependent regulation of these cytoskeletal systems was required to control focal adhesion protein–dependent fibronectin assembly and integrin β1 activation, involving the LIMK effectors cofilin and TPPP/p25, for assembly of the actin- and tubulin-based cytoskeletal systems, respectively. We demonstrate that LIMK regulates the early stages of cleft formation—cleft initiation, stabilization, and progression—via establishment of actin stability. Further, we reveal a novel role for the microtubule assembly factor p25 in regulating stabilization and elongation of late-stage progressing clefts. This study demonstrates the existence of multiple actin- and microtubule-dependent stabilization steps that are controlled by LIMK and are required in cleft progression during branching morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shayoni Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222
| | - Joseph A Fanti
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222
| | - Diego P Macedo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222
| | - Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lourenço FC, Munro J, Brown J, Cordero J, Stefanatos R, Strathdee K, Orange C, Feller SM, Sansom OJ, Vidal M, Murray GI, Olson MF. Reduced LIMK2 expression in colorectal cancer reflects its role in limiting stem cell proliferation. Gut 2014; 63:480-93. [PMID: 23585469 PMCID: PMC3932979 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to cancer mortality and morbidity. LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) promotes tumour cell invasion and metastasis. The objectives of this study were to determine how LIMK2 expression is associated with CRC progression and patient outcome, and to use genetically modified Drosophila and mice to determine how LIMK2 deletion affects gastrointestinal stem cell regulation and tumour development. DESIGN LIMK2 expression and activity were measured by immunostaining tumours from CRC-prone mice, human CRC cell lines and 650 human tumours. LIMK knockdown in Drosophila or Limk2 deletion in mice allowed for assessment of their contributions to gastrointestinal stem cell homeostasis and tumour development. RESULTS LIMK2 expression was reduced in intestinal tumours of cancer-prone mice, as well as in human CRC cell lines and tumours. Reduced LIMK2 expression and substrate phosphorylation were associated with shorter patient survival. Genetic analysis in Drosophila midgut and intestinal epithelial cells isolated from genetically modified mice revealed a conserved role for LIMK2 in constraining gastrointestinal stem cell proliferation. Limk2 deletion increased colon tumour size in a colitis-associated colorectal mouse cancer model. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that LIMK2 expression and activity progressively decrease with advancing stage, and supports the hypothesis that there is selective pressure for reduced LIMK2 expression in CRC to relieve negative constraints imposed upon gastrointestinal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - June Munro
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Clare Orange
- Department of Pathology, Division of Cancer Sciences and Molecular Pathology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stephan M Feller
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Marcos Vidal
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Graeme I Murray
- Department of Pathology, Division of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Genomewide DNA methylation analysis identifies novel methylated genes in non-small-cell lung carcinomas. J Thorac Oncol 2013; 8:562-73. [PMID: 23524404 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e3182863ed2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA methylation is part of the epigenetic regulatory mechanism present in all normal cells. It is tissue-specific and stably maintained throughout development, but often abnormally changed in cancer. Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most deadly type of cancer, involving different tumor subtypes. This heterogeneity is a challenge for correct diagnosis and patient treatment. The stability and specificity make of DNA methylation a very suitable marker for epigenetic phenotyping of tumors. METHODS To identify candidate markers for use in NSCLC diagnosis, we used genomewide DNA methylation maps that we had previously generated by MethylCap and next-generation sequencing and listed the most significant differentially methylated regions (DMRs). The 25 DMRs with highest significance in their methylation scores were selected. The methylation status of these DMRs was investigated in 61 tumors and matching control lung tissues by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We found 12 novel DMRs that showed significant differences between tumor and control lung tissues. We also identified three novel DMRs for each of the two most common NSCLC subtypes, adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. We propose a panel of five DMRs, composed of novel and known markers that exhibit high specificity and sensitivity to distinguish tumors from control lung tissues. CONCLUSION Novel markers will aid the development of a highly specific epigenetic panel for accurate identification and subtyping of NSCLC tumors.
Collapse
|
47
|
Huang X, Pan Q, Sun D, Chen W, Shen A, Huang M, Ding J, Geng M. O-GlcNAcylation of cofilin promotes breast cancer cell invasion. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:36418-25. [PMID: 24214978 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.495713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification that regulates a broad range of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins and is emerging as a key regulator of various biological processes. Previous studies have shown that increased levels of global O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) are linked to the incidence of metastasis in breast cancer patients, but the molecular basis behind this is not fully known. In this study, we have determined that the actin-binding protein cofilin is O-GlcNAcylated by OGT and mainly, if not completely, mediates OGT modulation of cell mobility. O-GlcNAcylation at Ser-108 of cofilin is required for its proper localization in invadopodia at the leading edge of breast cancer cells during three-dimensional cell invasion. Loss of O-GlcNAcylation of cofilin leads to destabilization of invadopodia and impairs cell invasion, although the actin-severing activity or lamellipodial localization is not affected. Our study provides insights into the mechanism of post-translational modification in fine-tuning the regulation of cofilin activity and suggests its important implications in cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Huang
- From the Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203 and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang W, Gan N, Zhou J. Immunohistochemical investigation of the correlation between LIM kinase 1 expression and development and progression of human ovarian carcinoma. J Int Med Res 2013; 40:1067-73. [PMID: 22906279 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) is implicated in cellular mechanisms regulating tumour cell invasion and may be involved in ovarian carcinoma progression. This retrospective study, therefore, investigated expression of the LIMK1 gene in primary ovarian tumour tissue samples and evaluated the correlation between LIMK1 gene expression and progression of ovarian carcinoma. METHODS LIMK1 protein levels were detected by immunohistochemistry in ovarian tissue samples from 57 patients with primary ovarian epithelial tumours (benign, n = 13; borderline, n = 14; carcinoma, n = 30) and 10 patients with normal ovaries. LIMK1 protein levels were evaluated by calculating the product of the scores for stain intensity and percentage of cells stained. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between increasing LIMK1 protein levels and increasing disease severity, from normal ovarian tissues through benign and borderline tumours to ovarian carcinoma. There was also a significant correlation between increasing LIMK1 protein levels and increasingly poor levels of differentiation of ovarian carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS LIMK1 is associated with the development of ovarian cancer and with the level of tumour differentiation in patients with ovarian carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mourskaia AA, Amir E, Dong Z, Tiedemann K, Cory S, Omeroglu A, Bertos N, Ouellet V, Clemons M, Scheffer GL, Park M, Hallett M, Komarova SV, Siegel PM. ABCC5 supports osteoclast formation and promotes breast cancer metastasis to bone. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 14:R149. [PMID: 23174366 PMCID: PMC4053136 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone is the most common site of breast cancer metastasis, and complications associated with bone metastases can lead to a significantly decreased patient quality of life. Thus, it is essential to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the emergence and growth of breast cancer skeletal metastases. Methods To search for novel molecular mediators that influence breast cancer bone metastasis, we generated gene-expression profiles from laser-capture microdissected trephine biopsies of both breast cancer bone metastases and independent primary breast tumors that metastasized to bone. Bioinformatics analysis identified genes that are differentially expressed in breast cancer bone metastases compared with primary, bone-metastatic breast tumors. Results ABCC5, an ATP-dependent transporter, was found to be overexpressed in breast cancer osseous metastases relative to primary breast tumors. In addition, ABCC5 was significantly upregulated in human and mouse breast cancer cell lines with high bone-metastatic potential. Stable knockdown of ABCC5 substantially reduced bone metastatic burden and osteolytic bone destruction in mice. The decrease in osteolysis was further associated with diminished osteoclast numbers in vivo. Finally, conditioned media from breast cancer cells with reduced ABCC5 expression failed to induce in vitro osteoclastogenesis to the same extent as conditioned media from breast cancer cells expressing ABCC5. Conclusions Our data suggest that ABCC5 functions as a mediator of breast cancer skeletal metastasis. ABCC5 expression in breast cancer cells is important for efficient osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Hence, ABCC5 may be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer bone metastasis.
Collapse
|
50
|
Cai X, Wang J, Xin X. CIAPIN1 nuclear accumulation predicts poor clinical outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2012; 10:112. [PMID: 22713669 PMCID: PMC3502349 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-10-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. The expression of cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) correlates with the malignant progression of several cancers. However, the relationship between the subcellular localization of CIAPIN1 and clinical characteristics in EOC remains unclear. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect CIAPIN1 expression in 108 EOC tissues. CIAPIN1 expressions in eight fresh EOC tissues were detected by Western blotting. The relationship between CIAPIN1 subcellular expression and patients’ clinicopathological features, including prognosis, was evaluated. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were employed to assess the CIAPIN1 subcellular localization in the EOC cell lines A2780 and HO8910. In addition, all patients were followed up to assess the prognostic value of CIAPIN1 in patients with EOC. Results CIAPIN1 is highly expressed in EOC, but is present at low levels in paired non-cancerous ovarian epithelial tissues. The results of Western blotting were in accordance with the immunohistochemical results. Poor differentiation of the tumors and EOC cell lines correlated with higher levels of CIAPIN1 nuclear expression. CIAPIN1 nuclear expression significantly correlated with the Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and histological differentiation (P = 0.034 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Moreover, nuclear localization of CIAPIN1 was selected as an unfavorable prognostic factor by both univariate and multivariate analyses ( P < 0.001). However, no significant correlations were observed between cytoplasmic localization of CIAPIN1 and clinicopathological parameters. Conclusions CIAPIN1 might play a crucial role in the differentiation of EOC cells. Elevated expression of nuclear CIAPIN1 negatively correlated with the survival of EOC patients, suggesting that nuclear CIAPIN1 might serve as a prognostic biomarker for EOC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Cai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Number 15, Changle Western Road, Xi'an, 370032, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|