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Megawati G, Syahruddin SS, Tjandra W, Kusumawati M, Herawati DMD, Gurnida DA, Musfiroh I. Effects of Indonesian Shortfin Eel ( Anguilla bicolor) By-Product Oil Supplementation on HOMA-IR and Lipid Profile in Obese Male Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:3904. [PMID: 37764688 PMCID: PMC10534436 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of people being overweight and obese has increased globally over the past decades. The use of omega-3 fatty acids-a compound usually primarily found in fish oil-has been known to improve the metabolic profile of obese patients. As the demand for eels increases, the number of waste products from the eels increases and creates environmental problems. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a newly discovered Indonesian Shortfin eel by-product oil supplementation on the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Estimated Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and lipid profiles of obese male (Lee index ≥ 0.3) Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The oil was extracted from waste products (heads). Fifteen obese rats were divided into three groups and were administered NaCl (C), commercial fish oil (CO), and Indonesian shortfin eel by-product oil (EO). All groups had statistically significant differences in total cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels (p < 0.05). The CO and EO group showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride after treatment. However, no significant difference was found in HDL levels and HOMA-IR. The supplementation of Indonesian shortfin eel by-product oil significantly improved lipid profile while effectively mitigating environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginna Megawati
- Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia;
- Division of Medical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Siti Shofiah Syahruddin
- Medical Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Winona Tjandra
- Medical Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Maya Kusumawati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Marhaeni Diah Herawati
- Division of Medical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Dida Achmad Gurnida
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Ida Musfiroh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis dan Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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Wuyt AK, Nguelefack-Mbuyo EP, Fofié CK, Nguelefack TB. The methanol extract of Ceiba pentandra reverses monosodium glutamate-induced cardiometabolic syndrome in rats via the regulation of dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin sensitization. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13689. [PMID: 36865446 PMCID: PMC9971185 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The antidiabetic effects of the methanol extract of the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra (Cp) have been demonstrated in various experimental models. Besides, this extract is rich in 8-formyl-7-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methoxy-3-methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone, 2,4,6-Trimethoxyphenol and vavain. However, it remains unknown whether Cp can mitigate cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). The present study assessed the curative properties of Cp against Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)-induced CMS in rats. Male neonate Wistar rats were intraperitoneally administered with MSG (4 mg/g/day) during the first 5 days of life (postnatal days 2-6). They were kept under standard breeding conditions up to 5 months of age for the development of CMS. Diseased animals were then orally treated with atorvastatin (80 mg/kg/d) or Cp (75 and 150 mg/kg/day) for 28 days during which food intake, body mass, blood pressure, heart rate, glucose, and insulin tolerance were monitored. Plasma and tissues were collected on day 29th to assess the lipid profile, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters. The histomorphology of the adipose tissue was also evaluated. Cp significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the obesogenic and lipid profiles, adipocyte size, blood pressure, and oxidative and inflammatory status in MSG-treated rats. Cp also ameliorated glucose (p < 0.05) and insulin sensitivities (p < 0.001) hence, reducing animals' cardiometabolic risk score (p < 0.001). The curative effect of Cp on cardiometabolic syndrome is related to its capacity to reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, dyslipidemia, and increase insulin sensitivity. These results demonstrate the potential of Cp as a good candidate for alternative treatment of CMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline K. Wuyt
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Elvine P. Nguelefack-Mbuyo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Christian K. Fofié
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Télesphore B. Nguelefack
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Peripancreatic Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Inflammation during High Fat Intake of Palm Oils or Lard in Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041134. [PMID: 33808251 PMCID: PMC8065769 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive fat consumption leads to the development of ectopic adipose tissues, affecting the organs they surround. Peripancreatic adipose tissue is implicated in glucose homeostasis regulation and can be impaired in obesity. High palm oil consumption's effects on health are still debated. We hypothesised that crude and refined palm oil high-fat feeding may have contrasting effects on peripancreatic adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation and lipid oxidation compound production in obese rats. In Wistar rats, morphological changes, inflammation and isoprostanoid production following oxidative stress were assessed in peripancreatic adipose tissue after 12 weeks of diets enriched in crude or refined palm oil or lard (56% energy from fat in each case) versus a standard chow diet (11% energy from fat). Epididymal white and periaortic brown adipose tissues were also included in the study. A refined palm oil diet disturbed glucose homeostasis and promoted lipid deposition in periaortic locations, as well as adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration and isoprostanoid (5-F2c-isoprostane and 7(RS)-ST-Δ8-11-dihomo-isofuran) production in peripancreatic adipose tissue. Crude palm oil induced a lower impact on adipose deposits than its refined form and lard. Our results show that the antioxidant composition of crude palm oil may have a protective effect on ectopic adipose tissues under the condition of excessive fat intake.
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Santos CD, da Silva JS, Brunetta HS, Chagas TR, Zoccal DB, Nunes EA, Rafacho A. Impact of combined long-term fructose and prednisolone intake on glucose and lipid homeostasis in rats: benefits of intake interruption or fish oil administration. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 90:108572. [PMID: 33388348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether combined long-term fructose and prednisolone intake would be more detrimental to the glucose homeostasis than if ingested separately. We also evaluated whether fish oil administration or interruption of treatments has any positive impact. For this, male adult Wistar rats ingested fructose (20%) (F) or prednisolone (12.5 µg/mL) (P) or both (FP) through drinking water for 12 weeks. A separate group of fructose and prednisolone-treated rats received fish oil treatment (1 g/kg) in the last 6 weeks. In another group, the treatment with fructose and prednisolone was interrupted after 12 weeks, and the animals were followed for more 12 weeks. Control groups ran in parallel (C). The F group had higher plasma TG (+42%) and visceral adiposity (+63%), whereas the P group had lower insulin sensitivity (-33%) and higher insulinemia (+200%). Only the the FP group developed these alterations combined with higher circulating uric acid (+126%), hepatic triacylglycerol content (+16.2-fold), lipid peroxidation (+173%) and lower catalase activity (-32%) that were associated with lower protein kinase B content and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in the liver, lower AMPK phosphorylation in the adipose tissue and higher beta-cell mass. Fish oil ingestion attenuated the elevation in circulating triacylglycerol and uric acid values, while the interruption of sugar and glucocorticoid intake reverted almost all modified parameters. In conclusion, long-term intake of fructose and prednisolone by male rats are more detrimental to glucose and lipid homeostasis than if ingested separately and the benefits of treatment interruption are broader than fish oil treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicentre Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Julia Spanhol da Silva
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicentre Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Henver Simionato Brunetta
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicentre Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thays Rodrigues Chagas
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel Breseghello Zoccal
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Everson Araújo Nunes
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicentre Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicentre Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Dietary supplement with a mixture of fish oil and krill oil has sex-dependent effects on obese mice gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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6
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Konopelniuk V, Falalyeyeva T, Tsyryuk O, Savchenko Y, Prybytko I, Kobyliak N, Kovalchuk O, Boyko A, Arkhipov VV, Moroz Y, Ostapchenko L. The correction of the metabolic parameters of msg-induced obesity in rats by 2-[4-(benzyloxy) phenoxy] acetic acid. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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7
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Oliart Ros RM, Rodríguez IS, Sánchez Otero MG, Gil OML, Escobar-Sagastume I, Alexander-Aguilera A. Comparative Effect between Sardine Oil and Fish Oil Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Hypertension and the Membrane Composition of Adipocytes in SHR Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:179-184. [PMID: 29962428 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have an important role in reducing hypertriglyceridemia, these acids decrease the mortality for Coronary Heart Disease. Very important is the relationship between fatty acid biosynthesis and distribution in organs and tissues involved in insulin resistance and hypertension due to its role in the production of vasoactive eicosanoids and their effects on insulin sensitivity; which is estimated with the HOMA-IR index, which relates the physiological and metabolic behavior of glucose and insulin in the body. The aim of this project was to compare the effect of sardine oil and omega-3 oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids: EPA (≈30%) and DHA (≈50%) administered for 6 to 8 wk respectively; on the lipid composition of the plasma membrane of epididymal adipocytes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and their relation to obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension. The administration of omega-3 enriched oil significantly decreased the HOMA criteria as an insulin resistance indicator compared to the sardine oil.
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Resende NM, Félix HR, Soré MR, M M A, Campos KE, Volpato GT. The effects of coconut oil supplementation on the body composition and lipid profile of rats submitted to physical exercise. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 88:933-40. [PMID: 27192196 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to verify the effects of coconut oil supplementation (COS) in the body composition and lipid profile of rats submitted to physical exercise. The animals (n=6 per group) were randomly assigned to: G1=Sedentary and Non-supplemented (Control Group), G2=Sedentary and Supplemented, G3=Exercised and Non-supplemented and G4=Exercised and Supplemented. The COS protocol used was 3 mL/Kg of body mass by gavage for 28 days. The physical exercise was the vertical jumping training for 28 days. It was determined the body mass parameters, Lee Index, blood glucose and lipid profile. The COS did not interfere with body mass, but the lean body mass was lower in G3 compared to G2. The final Lee Index classified G1 and G2 as obese (>30g/cm). The lipid profile showed total cholesterol was decreased in G3, LDL-c concentration was decreased in G2, triglycerides, VLDL-c and HDL-c concentrations were increased in G2 and G4 in relation to G1 and G3. The COS decreased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio. In conclusion, the COS associated or not to physical exercise worsen others lipid parameters, like triglycerides and VLDL-c level, showing the care with the use of lipid supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália M Resende
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/ UFMT, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Av. Universitária, 3500, 78698-000 Pontal do Araguaia, MT, Brasil, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Pontal do Araguaia MT , Brasil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Fisiologia de Sistemas e Toxicologia Reprodutiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/ UFMT, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Av. Valdon Varjão, 6390, 78600-000 Barra do Garças, MT, Brasil, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Barra do Garças MT , Brasil
| | - Henrique R Félix
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/ UFMT, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Av. Universitária, 3500, 78698-000 Pontal do Araguaia, MT, Brasil, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Pontal do Araguaia MT , Brasil
| | - Murillo R Soré
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/ UFMT, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Av. Universitária, 3500, 78698-000 Pontal do Araguaia, MT, Brasil, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Pontal do Araguaia MT , Brasil
| | - Aníbal M M
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/ UFMT, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Av. Universitária, 3500, 78698-000 Pontal do Araguaia, MT, Brasil, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Pontal do Araguaia MT , Brasil
| | - Kleber E Campos
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Fisiologia de Sistemas e Toxicologia Reprodutiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/ UFMT, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Av. Valdon Varjão, 6390, 78600-000 Barra do Garças, MT, Brasil, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Barra do Garças MT , Brasil
| | - Gustavo T Volpato
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Fisiologia de Sistemas e Toxicologia Reprodutiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/ UFMT, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Av. Valdon Varjão, 6390, 78600-000 Barra do Garças, MT, Brasil, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Barra do Garças MT , Brasil
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Cui C, Li Y, Gao H, Zhang H, Han J, Zhang D, Li Y, Zhou J, Lu C, Su X. Modulation of the gut microbiota by the mixture of fish oil and krill oil in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186216. [PMID: 29016689 PMCID: PMC5633193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies confirmed that dietary supplements of fish oil and krill oil can alleviate obesity in mice, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to discern whether oil treatment change the structure of the gut microbiota during the obesity alleviation. The ICR mice received high-fat diet (HFD) continuously for 12 weeks after two weeks of acclimatization with a standard chow diet, and the mice fed with a standard chow diet were used as the control. In the groups that received HFD with oil supplementation, the weight gains were attenuated and the liver index, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were reduced stepwise compared with the HFD group, and the overall structure of the gut microbiota, which was modulated in the HFD group, was shifted toward the structure found in the control group. Moreover, eighty-two altered operational taxonomic units responsive to oil treatment were identified and nineteen of them differing in one or more parameters associated with obesity. In conclusion, this study confirmed the effect of oil treatment on obesity alleviation, as well as on the microbiota structure alterations. We proposed that further researches are needed to elucidate the causal relationship between obesity alleviation and gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Cui
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Hang Gao
- The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Han
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dijun Zhang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Li
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiurong Su
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Impact of Fish Oil Supplementation and Interruption of Fructose Ingestion on Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis of Rats Drinking Different Concentrations of Fructose. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4378328. [PMID: 28929113 PMCID: PMC5591931 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4378328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background. Continuous fructose consumption may cause elevation of circulating triacylglycerol. However, how much of this alteration is reverted after the removal of fructose intake is not known. We explored this question and compared the efficacy of this approach with fish oil supplementation. Methods. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: control (C), fructose (F) (water intake with 10% or 30% fructose for 9 weeks), fish oil (FO), and fructose/fish oil (FFO). Fish oil was supplemented only for the last 33 days of fructose ingestion. Half of the F group remained for additional 8 weeks without fructose ingestion (FR). Results. Fructose ingestion reduced food intake to compensate for the increased energy obtained through water ingestion, independent of fructose concentration. Fish oil supplementation exerted no impact on these parameters, but the removal of fructose from water recovered both ingestion behaviors. Plasma triacylglycerol augmented significantly during the second and third weeks (both fructose groups). Fish oil supplementation did not attenuate the elevation in triacylglycerol caused by fructose intake, but the interruption of sugar consumption normalized this parameter. Conclusion. Elevation in triacylglyceridemia may be recovered by removing fructose from diet, suggesting that it is never too late to repair improper dietary habits.
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Komprda T, Rozíková V, Zamazalová N, Škultéty O, Vícenová M, Trčková M, Faldyna M. Effect of dietary fish oil on fatty acid deposition and expression of cholesterol homeostasis controlling genes in the liver and plasma lipid profile: comparison of two animal models. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:1093-1102. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Komprda
- Department of Food Technology; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - V. Rozíková
- Department of Food Technology; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - N. Zamazalová
- Department of Food Technology; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - O. Škultéty
- Department of Food Technology; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Vícenová
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Trčková
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Faldyna
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
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12
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Rosa DD, Grześkowiak ŁM, Ferreira CLLF, Fonseca ACM, Reis SA, Dias MM, Siqueira NP, Silva LL, Neves CA, Oliveira LL, Machado ABF, Peluzio MDCG. Kefir reduces insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokine expression in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Food Funct 2016; 7:3390-401. [PMID: 27384318 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00339g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that kefir can be a promising tool in decreasing the risk of many diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of kefir supplementation in the diet of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) in which MetS was induced with monosodium glutamate (MSG), and to determine its effect on metabolic parameters, inflammatory and oxidation marker expression and glycemic index control. Thirty animals were used in this experiment. For the induction of MetS, twenty two-day-old male SHR received five consecutive intradermal injections of MSG. For the Negative Control, ten newborn male SHR received intradermal injections of saline solution (0.9% saline solution). After weaning, animals received standard diet and water ad libitum until reaching 3 months old, for the development of MetS. They were then divided into three groups (n = 10): negative control (NC, 1 mL saline solution per day), positive control (PC, 1 mL saline solution per day) and the Kefir group (1 mL kefir per day). Feeding was carried out by gavage for 10 weeks and the animals received standard food and water ad libitum. Obesity, insulin resistance, pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and the histology of pancreatic and adipose tissues were among the main variables evaluated. Compared to the PC group, kefir supplementation reduced plasma triglycerides, liver lipids, liver triglycerides, insulin resistance, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, thoracic circumference, abdominal circumference, products of lipid oxidation, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-1β) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-10). The present findings indicate that kefir has the potential to benefit the management of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiana D Rosa
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
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Barbosa AM, Francisco PDC, Motta K, Chagas TR, Dos Santos C, Rafacho A, Nunes EA. Fish oil supplementation attenuates changes in plasma lipids caused by dexamethasone treatment in rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 41:382-90. [PMID: 26939043 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dexamethasone is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid that may alter glucose and lipid homeostasis when administered in high doses or for long periods of time. Omega-3 fatty acids, present in fish oil (FO), can be used as potential modulators of intermediary glucose and lipid metabolism. Herein, we evaluate the effects of FO supplementation (1 g·kg(-1) body weight (BW)) on glucose and lipid metabolism in rats treated with dexamethasone (0.5 mg·kg(-1) BW) for 15 days. Adult male Wistar rats were distributed among 4 groups: control (saline, 1 mL·kg(-1) BW and mineral oil, 1 g·kg(-1) BW), DEX (dexamethasone and mineral oil), FO (fish oil and saline), and DFO (fish oil and dexamethasone). Dexamethasone and saline were administered intraperitoneally, and fish oil and mineral oil were administered by gavage. We evaluated functional and molecular parameters of lipid and glycemic profiles at 8 days and at the end of treatment. FO supplementation increased hepatic docosahexaenoic acid (DEX: 5.6% ± 0.7%; DFO: 10.5% ± 0.8%) and eicosapentaenoic acid (DEX: 0.3% ± 0.0%; DFO: 1.3% ± 0.1%) contents and attenuated the increase of plasma triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in DFO rats compared with DEX rats. These effects seem not to depend on hepatic expression of insulin receptor substrate 1, protein kinase B, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. There was no effect of supplementation on body weight loss, fasting glycemia, and glucose tolerance in rats treated with dexamethasone. In conclusion, we show that FO supplementation for 15 days attenuates the dyslipidemia induced by dexamethasone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Marreiro Barbosa
- a Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.,b Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Cássia Francisco
- a Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Katia Motta
- a Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Thayz Rodrigues Chagas
- a Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Dos Santos
- a Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- a Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Everson Araújo Nunes
- a Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.,b Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
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14
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Gao X, Xu J, Jiang C, Zhang Y, Xue Y, Li Z, Wang J, Xue C, Wang Y. Fish oil ameliorates trimethylamine N-oxide-exacerbated glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-fed mice. Food Funct 2015; 6:1117-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00007f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fish oil could ameliorate trimethylamineN-oxide (TMAO)-induced impaired glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Chengzi Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Zhaojie Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yuming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
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15
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Ivanova Z, Bjørndal B, Grigorova N, Roussenov A, Vachkova E, Berge K, Burri L, Berge R, Stanilova S, Milanova A, Penchev G, Vik R, Petrov V, Georgieva TM, Bivolraski B, Georgiev IP. Effect of fish and krill oil supplementation on glucose tolerance in rabbits with experimentally induced obesity. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:1055-67. [PMID: 25315197 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fish oil (FO) and krill oil (KO) supplementation on glucose tolerance in obese New Zealand white rabbits. METHODS The experiments were carried out with 24 male rabbits randomly divided into four groups: KO-castrated, treated with KO; FO-castrated, treated with FO; C-castrated, non-treated; NC-non-castrated, non-treated. At the end of treatment period (2 months), an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed in all rabbits. RESULTS Fasting blood glucose concentrations in FO and KO animals were significantly lower than in group C. The blood glucose concentrations in FO- and KO-treated animals returned to initial values after 30 and 60 min of IVGTT, respectively. In liver, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (Cpt2) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (Hmgcs2) genes were significantly increased in FO-fed rabbits compared with the C group. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (Acaca) expression was significantly reduced in both KO- and FO-fed rabbits. In skeletal muscle, Hmgcs2 and Cd36 were significantly higher in KO-fed rabbits compared with the C group. Acaca expression was significantly lower in KO- and FO-fed rabbits compared with the C group. CONCLUSION The present results indicate that FO and KO supplementation decreases fasting blood glucose and improves glucose tolerance in obese New Zealand white rabbits. This could be ascribed to the ameliorated insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion and modified gene expressions of some key enzymes involved in β-oxidation and lipogenesis in liver and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Natalia Grigorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Roussenov
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Vachkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Kjetil Berge
- Aker BioMarine Antarctic AS, Fjordalléen 16, 0115, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lena Burri
- Aker BioMarine Antarctic AS, Fjordalléen 16, 0115, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Spaska Stanilova
- Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Milanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Rita Vik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vladimir Petrov
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infection and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Mircheva Georgieva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Boycho Bivolraski
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Penchev Georgiev
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
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16
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Komprda T, Škultéty O, Křížková S, Zorníková G, Rozíková V, Krobot R. Effect of dietary Schizochytrium
microalga oil and fish oil on plasma cholesterol level in rats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:308-16. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Komprda
- Department of Food Technology; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - O. Škultéty
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - S. Křížková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - G. Zorníková
- Department of Food Technology; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - V. Rozíková
- Department of Food Technology; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - R. Krobot
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
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17
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The effectiveness of fish oil supplementation in asthmatic rats is limited by an inefficient action on ASM function. Lipids 2013; 48:889-97. [PMID: 23743575 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3804-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Episodes of acute exacerbation are the major clinical feature of asthma and therefore represent an important focus for developing novel therapies for this disease. There are many reports that the n-3 fatty acids found in fish oil exert anti-inflammatory effects, but there are few studies of the action of fish oil on airway smooth muscle (ASM) function. In the present investigation, we evaluated the effect of fish oil supplementation on smooth muscle force of contraction in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic Wistar rats, and its consequences on static lung compliance, mucus production, leukocyte chemotaxis and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Fish oil supplementation suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lung in asthmatic animals (2.04 ± 0.19 × 10(6) cells vs. 3.33 ± 0.43 × 10(6) cells in the control asthmatic group; P < 0.05). Static lung compliance increased with fish oil supplementation in asthmatic rats (0.640 ± 0.053 mL/cm H2O vs. 0.399 ± 0.043 mL/cm H2O; P < 0.05). However, fish oil did not prevent asthma-associated lung eosinophilia and did not affect the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in lung tissue or the proportion of the airways obliterated with mucus. Fish oil had no effect on the force of contraction in asthmatic rats in response to acetylcholine (3.026 ± 0.274 mN vs. 2.813 ± 0.364 mN in the control asthmatic group). In conclusion, although fish oil exerts some benefits in this model of asthma, its effectiveness appears to be limited by an inefficient action on airway smooth muscle function.
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18
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Metkus TS, Timpone J, Leaf D, Bidwell Goetz M, Harris WS, Brown TT. Omega-3 fatty acid therapy reduces triglycerides and interleukin-6 in hypertriglyeridemic HIV patients. HIV Med 2013; 14:530-9. [PMID: 23683266 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis are common in HIV-infected patients and residual systemic inflammation is thought to contribute to both of these disorders. We performed a randomized placebo-controlled trial of omega-3-acid (O3A) ethyl esters in HIV-infected patients with hypertriglyceridaemia, hypothesizing that O3A would decrease serum levels of triglycerides, markers of systemic inflammation, and markers of bone turnover. METHODS HIV-infected patients (n = 48 recruited at three sites) with CD4 count >200 cells/μL, suppressed viral load, and triglycerides >200 mg/dL were randomized to placebo or 3.6 g/d of O3A. Fasting lipid profiles and markers of inflammation and bone turnover were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS Baseline HIV status, lipid profile, bone metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors were similar between the groups. Inflammatory markers were similar between the treatment groups at baseline, except for interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which were higher in the O3A group. The concentration of triglycerides in patients receiving O3A decreased by a median (interquartile range (IQR)) of -34 (-149, 9.5) mg/dL vs. a median increase of 46.5 (-51, 123) mg/dL in the placebo group (P = 0.01). The median percentage change in IL-6 was greater in the O3A group compared with the placebo group [-39% (-63, 12%) vs. 29% (10, 177%), respectively; P = 0.006]. Similar results were observed for TNF-α, but not other inflammatory or bone turnover markers. CONCLUSIONS O3A ethyl esters decreased the concentrations of triglycerides, IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with well-controlled HIV infection and hypertriglyceridaemia. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings and investigate their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Metkus
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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Hirabara SM, Folador A, Fiamoncini J, Lambertucci RH, Rodrigues CF, Rocha MS, Aikawa J, Yamazaki RK, Martins AR, Rodrigues AC, Carpinelli AR, Pithon-Curi TC, Fernandes LC, Gorjão R, Curi R. Fish oil supplementation for two generations increases insulin sensitivity in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 24:1136-45. [PMID: 23246156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of fish oil supplementation for two consecutive generations on insulin sensitivity in rats. After the nursing period (21 days), female rats from the same prole were divided into two groups: (a) control group and (b) fish oil group. Female rats were supplemented with water (control) or fish oil at 1 g/kg body weight as a single bolus for 3 months. After this period, female rats were mated with male Wistar rats fed on a balanced chow diet (not supplemented). Female rats continued to receive supplementation throughout gestation and lactation periods. The same treatment was performed for the next two generations (G1 and G2). At 75 days of age, male offspring from G1 and G2 generations from both groups were used in the experiments. G1 rats did not present any difference with control rats. However, G2 rats presented reduction in glycemia and lipidemia and improvement in in vivo insulin sensitivity (model assessment of insulin resistance, insulin tolerance test) as well as in vitro insulin sensitivity in soleus muscle (glucose uptake and metabolism). This effect was associated with increased insulin-stimulated p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation and lower n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio, but not with activation of proteins from insulin signaling (IR, IRS-1 and Akt). Global DNA methylation was decreased in liver but not in soleus muscle. These results suggest that long-term fish oil supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in association with increased insulin-stimulated p38 activation and decreased n-6:n-3 ratio in skeletal muscle and decreased global DNA methylation in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro M Hirabara
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sport, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil.
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20
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Collison KS, Makhoul NJ, Zaidi MZ, Al-Rabiah R, Inglis A, Andres BL, Ubungen R, Shoukri M, Al-Mohanna FA. Interactive effects of neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate and aspartame on glucose homeostasis. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2012; 9:58. [PMID: 22697049 PMCID: PMC3466134 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that the effects of certain food additives may be synergistic or additive. Aspartame (ASP) and Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) are ubiquitous food additives with a common moiety: both contain acidic amino acids which can act as neurotransmitters, interacting with NMDA receptors concentrated in areas of the Central Nervous System regulating energy expenditure and conservation. MSG has been shown to promote a neuroendocrine dysfunction when large quantities are administered to mammals during the neonatal period. ASP is a low-calorie dipeptide sweetener found in a wide variety of diet beverages and foods. However, recent reports suggest that ASP may promote weight gain and hyperglycemia in a zebrafish nutritional model. METHODS We investigated the effects of ASP, MSG or a combination of both on glucose and insulin homeostasis, weight change and adiposity, in C57BL/6 J mice chronically exposed to these food additives commencing in-utero, compared to an additive-free diet. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the associations between body characteristics and variables in glucose and insulin homeostasis. RESULTS ASP alone (50 mg/Kgbw/day) caused an increase in fasting blood glucose of 1.6-fold, together with reduced insulin sensitivity during an Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) P < 0.05. Conversely MSG alone decreased blood triglyceride and total cholesterol (T-CHOL) levels. The combination of MSG (120 mg/Kgbw/day) and ASP elevated body weight, and caused a further increase in fasting blood glucose of 2.3-fold compared to Controls (prediabetic levels); together with evidence of insulin resistance during the ITT (P < 0.05). T-CHOL levels were reduced in both ASP-containing diets in both genders. Further analysis showed a strong correlation between body weight at 6 weeks, and body weight and fasting blood glucose levels at 17 weeks, suggesting that early body weight may be a predictor of glucose homeostasis in later life. CONCLUSIONS Aspartame exposure may promote hyperglycemia and insulin intolerance. MSG may interact with aspartame to further impair glucose homeostasis. This is the first study to ascertain the hyperglycemic effects of chronic exposure to a combination of these commonly consumed food additives; however these observations are limited to a C57BL/6 J mouse model. Caution should be applied in extrapolating these findings to other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate S Collison
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadine J Makhoul
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marya Z Zaidi
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Al-Rabiah
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angela Inglis
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bernard L Andres
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rosario Ubungen
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Shoukri
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan A Al-Mohanna
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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SHIRAI N, YAMAKI K, YAMASHITA Y, YAMASHITA M. Effect of Dietary Fat on Total Mercury Content, Antioxidative Factors, and Lipid Profile in Adult Mice Exposed to Low Levels of Methylmercury. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.18.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Azadbakht L, Rouhani MH, Surkan PJ. Omega-3 fatty acids, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2011; 16:1259-60. [PMID: 22973318 PMCID: PMC3430014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Azadbakht
- Associate Professor, Food Security Research Center, Department of Commiunity Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,
Corresponding Author: Leila Azadbakht, E-mail:
| | - Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pamela Jean Surkan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg, School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
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