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Zhang P, Wang L, Zhou Q, Dong X, Guo Y, Wang P, He W, Wang R, Wu T, Yao Z, Hu B, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Sun C. A network analysis of anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese disabled elderly. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:535-542. [PMID: 37086797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health is an essential dimension of healthy aging. The number and severity of disabled elderly in China show an increasing tendency year by year. Due to their impaired ability of daily activities, reduced social participation and reduced self-care ability, they are more prone to depression and anxiety. METHOD We included 2131 individuals aged 65 and older from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS 2017-2018). We used the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7 (GAD-7) to assess depression and anxiety, respectively. The structure of depressive and anxiety symptoms was characterized using "Expected Influence" and "Bridge Expected Influence" as centrality indices in the symptom network. Network stability was tested using a case-dropping bootstrap procedure. Finally, a Network Comparison Test (NCT) was conducted to examine whether network characteristics differed by gender. RESULTS Network analysis revealed that nodes CESD3 (Felt sadness), GAD2 (Uncontrollable worry), and GAD4 (Trouble relaxing) were the primary symptoms of the anxiety-depression network. Anxiety and depression were united by the symptoms of CESD9 (Could not get going), GAD1 (Nervousness or anxiety), CESD10 (Sleep quality), and GAD4 (Trouble relaxing). Additionally, Gender did not significantly affect the network structure. CONCLUSION Central symptoms (e.g., felt sadness, uncontrollable worry and trouble relaxing) and key bridge symptoms (e.g., could not get going, nervousness and anxiety) in the depressive and anxiety symptoms network may be used as potential targets for intervention among disabled elderly who is at risk for or suffer from depressive and anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijia Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianke Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyu Zhou
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Dong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Guo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqian He
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihui Yao
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changqing Sun
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Seidu AA, Malau-Aduli BS, McBain-Rigg K, Malau-Aduli AEO, Emeto TI. “Sex Should Not be Part of the Lives of Persons with Disabilities, but They Are Human Beings too”: Perceptions of Healthcare Providers and Factors Affecting Service Delivery in Ghana. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11071041. [PMID: 37046968 PMCID: PMC10093840 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Persons with disabilities (PwDs) constitute about 16% of the global population and face many challenges in every society, including access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. The attitudes of healthcare providers (HPs) exert a major influence on PwDs accessing sexual and reproductive healthcare (SRH). A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of HPs towards PwDs and SRH delivery in Ghana’s Ashanti region. Quantitative data analysis indicated that overall, 82% of HPs had received information on disability-related issues and had relatively positive attitude towards PwDs, which varied across sub-scales of the Attitude Towards Disability score and associated with their sociodemographic characteristics. HPs faced several challenges in SRH services delivery to PwDs, which included a lack of funding and training, and inadequate staff. Inductive thematic analysis of the qualitative data revealed eight overarching themes. The findings revealed that HPs had prejudice about the mental and sexual health abilities of PwDs. Inadequate skill set, inadequate resources, and limited funding were major challenges identified. Nonetheless, compassion and benevolence towards PwDs, improvision, economic and educational support, awareness creation, and referrals were strategies adopted to overcome these challenges. Mandatory training of HPs is recommended to ensure improved SRH service delivery to PwDs. Future research could explore the perceptions and coping strategies of PwDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Public Health & Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast P.O. Box UC 182, Ghana
| | - Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Kristin McBain-Rigg
- Public Health & Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | | | - Theophilus I. Emeto
- Public Health & Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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Saluja A, Dhamija RK. Prioritizing Neuro-rehabilitation Services in Low-and Middle-income countries: Needs, Challenges and Possible Solutions. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022; 25:579-582. [PMID: 36211136 PMCID: PMC9540924 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_499_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alvee Saluja
- Department of Neurology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajinder K. Dhamija
- Director, IHBAS, New Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Prof. Rajinder K. Dhamija, Director IHBAS New Delhi - 110 095, India. E-mail:
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Wang Z, Xu X, Han Q, Chen Y, Jiang J, Ni GX. Factors associated with public attitudes towards persons with disabilities: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1058. [PMID: 34082734 PMCID: PMC8173851 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to identify and summarize factors that are associated with public attitudes towards people with various disabilities systematically. METHODS An electronic search of three databases was performed (Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane) covering the period from 1950 to present. A comprehensive search strategy was developed and the lists of citations were screened for potential eligible studies. Only quantitative studies using valid measurements were included, and the methodological quality of included studies was appraised based on three criteria (sample, measurement, analysis) by two independent reviewers. RESULTS The initial electronic search yielded 995 articles after duplicates removed, and 27 studies met the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Three categories of the factors were found to be associated with the public attitudes, which are related to the attitude provider, disabled people, and society respectively. Specifically, the more people know about disabilities, the more likely they were to have positive attitude; and the frequency and quality of the contact with the disabled are also proved to be influential to the attitudes. Meanwhile, the type of disability is also closely correlated to the public's attitude towards the disabilities. CONCLUSION People's knowledge of the disability and their contact with individuals with disabilities are the main influential factors in public attitudes towards persons with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziru Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiong Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Jiayao Jiang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Guo-Xin Ni
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 10084, China.
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Disability and post-trauma stress in the population over 15 years old in Kashan, Iran: A population-based study. Chin J Traumatol 2020; 23:351-355. [PMID: 33289632 PMCID: PMC7718558 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the consequences of trauma-related injuries is disability. There are more than one billion people with disabilities worldwide. Disability in people reduces their quality of life. The goal of this study was to determine the rate of post-trauma stress and disability related to trauma in the population over 15 years old in Kashan during a solar year of 2018-2019. METHODS This is a cross-sectional population-based study. A cluster sampling method was used in the city of Kashan, and 3880 persons were interviewed with individuals randomly selected in each household. If a person had trauma during one year ago, the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 and Post Trauma Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist were applied for further interview. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test or t-test. RESULTS Among the 3880 participants residing in Kashan, 274 (7.1%) reported a history of traumatic injury during one year ago in 2018-2019. Incidence of all injuries was estimated to be 70.61 (62.60-78.70) per 1000 people. For the trauma population, 213 (77.7%) were male and 75.1% were married. About half of them (50.3%, 138/274) aged 21-39 years. The most common cause of injuries was related to traffic accidents: 140 (51.1%). Of the 274 trauma participants, 47 (17.2%) reported PTSD; 244 (89.1%) had a mild disability, and 30 (10.9%) reported moderate disability. CONCLUSION One of the main causes of disability in the human community is the traumatic injuries. According to the results of this study, 89.1% of trauma participants have sustained at last mild disability following trauma. These people require follow-up and post-treatment support. It should be noted that psychological complications such as PTSD are as significant as physical symptoms.
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Oyewole OO, Ogunlana MO, Gbiri CAO, Oritogun KS, Osalusi BS. Impact of post-stroke disability and disability-perception on health-related quality of life of stroke survivors: the moderating effect of disability-severity. Neurol Res 2020; 42:835-843. [PMID: 32573376 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1785744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The influence of disability-perception on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains unclear. This study investigated impact of disability and disability-perception on HRQoL of stroke survivors and explores the moderating effect of disability-severity. METHODS Post-stroke disability, disability-perception/acceptance and HRQoL were assessed in 102 stroke survivors using the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule, Attitudes towards Disabled Persons Form-A and Short Form-36, respectively. RESULTS There was significant disability score of at least 42 in the participants with severe disability accounting for 76.5% while 52% of them having positive disability-perception. Although no sex difference exists in their HRQoL, their score was just fair (46.1 ± 1.9) with their physical health being most affected. Severe disability impacted negatively on their HRQoL but disability-perception had no significant effect except in 'role limitation due to the emotional problem' domain. Only severe disability moderated the effects of disability on the overall HRQoL (R 2 change = 3.2%; p = 0.018). Disability-severity (mild/moderate and severe disability) moderated the effects of disability level on their physical health (R 2 change = 3.1% and 6%; p = 0.012 and 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION Significant disability exists among stroke survivors and impaired their HRQoL while disability-severity moderating the effect. More stroke survivors have positive attitude towards their disability and impact positively on their physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufemi O Oyewole
- Physiotherapy Department, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital , Sagamu, Nigeria
| | - Michael O Ogunlana
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal Medical Centre, Nigeria and College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus , Durban, South Africa
| | - Caleb A O Gbiri
- Physiotherapy Department, University of Lagos , Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Kolawole S Oritogun
- Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care, Olabisi Onabanjo University , Sagamu, Nigeria
| | - Bamidele S Osalusi
- Department of Medicine, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital , Sagamu, Nigeria
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Unmet needs influence health-related quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 38:101877. [PMID: 31812039 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with MS are a heterogeneous population with varying difficulties and needs that are influenced by the individual experience of the disease, symptoms and disease course. The aim of the present study was to identify factors that influence health-related quality of life in a sample of subjects with MS, specifically health and social care-related needs and demographic and disease characteristics. METHODS Individuals with a definite diagnosis of MS were identified through MS out-patient clinics and local branches of the Italian MS Society. The EQ-5D-3L utility index was used to describe health profiles and as an overall measure of perceived HRQoL. The number of unmet health and social care-related needs was used to describe the impact of unmet needs on HRQoL. Multiple regression analyses were performed using a hierarchical approach. RESULTS Data was analyzed from 1013 subjects. Overall, 83% of subjects reported at least one health or social care-related need as being unmet and subjects with a higher number of unmet needs had lower HRQoL (p < 0.001). The number of unmet needs was entered at the first step with a statistically significant effect (Cox-Snell R2 0.15, BIC 870.9, AIC 851.2). Clinical variables, included in the second step, contributed significantly to explaining the variability between models (Cox-Snell R2 0.43, BIC 481.0, AIC 446.6), and the addition of socio-demographic factors further accounted for variability (Cox-Snell R2, 0.46, BIC 461.0, AIC 402.0). CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that a higher number of both health and social care-related unmet needs predicted lower HRQoL. The health profile of the sample identified all domains of the EQ-5D-3L as being important in determining HRQoL. Data confirms that unmet needs alone are significantly related to reduced HRQoL, although the multifactorial and complex nature of MS makes it a challenge to identify the combination of aspects that fully predict variability in quality of life.
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Papadopoulos C, Lodder A, Constantinou G, Randhawa G. Systematic Review of the Relationship Between Autism Stigma and Informal Caregiver Mental Health. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:1665-1685. [PMID: 30569408 PMCID: PMC6450836 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3835-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Families play a crucial role in determining the mental health of the autistic individual(s) they are caring for. However, the stigma associated with autism can impair caregiver health. To investigate this, empirical evidence pertaining to stigma’s impact on informal caregivers’ mental health was systematically reviewed. All twelve included studies (n = 1442 informal caregivers) consistently reported the impact of autism related stigma upon caregiver mental health to be significant, meaningful and complex. A new theoretical framework describing the relationship between stigma and caregiver mental health is constructed. Moderating variables include those both changeable through intervention (e.g. hopelessness, self-esteem, self-compassion) and not changeable (gender, culture, financial burden and time since diagnosis). Implications and recommendations for professionals, interventions and future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Papadopoulos
- University of Bedfordshire, Putteridge Bury Campus, Hitchin Road, Luton, LU2 8LE, UK.
| | - Annemarie Lodder
- University of Bedfordshire, Putteridge Bury Campus, Hitchin Road, Luton, LU2 8LE, UK
| | - Georgina Constantinou
- University of Bedfordshire, Putteridge Bury Campus, Hitchin Road, Luton, LU2 8LE, UK
| | - Gurch Randhawa
- University of Bedfordshire, Putteridge Bury Campus, Hitchin Road, Luton, LU2 8LE, UK
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WHO disability assessment schedule 2.0 is related to upper and lower extremity disease-specific quality of life. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:2243-2250. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Federici S, Bracalenti M, Meloni F, Luciano JV. World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0: An international systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 39:2347-2380. [PMID: 27820966 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2016.1223177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review examines research and practical applications of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) as a basis for establishing specific criteria for evaluating relevant international scientific literature. The aims were to establish the extent of international dissemination and use of WHODAS 2.0 and analyze psychometric research on its various translations and adaptations. In particular, we wanted to highlight which psychometric features have been investigated, focusing on the factor structure, reliability, and validity of this instrument. METHOD Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we conducted a search for publications focused on "whodas" using the ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar electronic databases. RESULTS We identified 810 studies from 94 countries published between 1999 and 2015. WHODAS 2.0 has been translated into 47 languages and dialects and used in 27 areas of research (40% in psychiatry). CONCLUSIONS The growing number of studies indicates increasing interest in the WHODAS 2.0 for assessing individual functioning and disability in different settings and individual health conditions. The WHODAS 2.0 shows strong correlations with several other measures of activity limitations; probably due to the fact that it shares the same disability latent variable with them. Implications for Rehabilitation WHODAS 2.0 seems to be a valid, reliable self-report instrument for the assessment of disability. The increasing interest in use of the WHODAS 2.0 extends to rehabilitation and life sciences rather than being limited to psychiatry. WHODAS 2.0 is suitable for assessing health status and disability in a variety of settings and populations. A critical issue for rehabilitation is that a single "minimal clinically important .difference" score for the WHODAS 2.0 has not yet been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Federici
- a Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Marco Bracalenti
- a Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Fabio Meloni
- a Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Juan V Luciano
- b Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Déu , St. Boi De Llobregat , Spain.,c Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP) , Madrid , Spain
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Zheng Q, Tian Q, Hao C, Gu J, Tao J, Liang Z, Chen X, Fang J, Ruan J, Ai Q, Hao Y. Comparison of attitudes toward disability and people with disability among caregivers, the public, and people with disability: findings from a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1024. [PMID: 27686163 PMCID: PMC5043610 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A negative attitude toward disability is one of the potential barriers for people with disability (PWD) to achieve social equality. Although numerous studies have investigated attitudes toward disability, few have evaluated personal attitudes toward disability among PWD, and made comparisons with attitudes of healthy respondents. This study was to investigate and compare the attitudes of PWD, caregivers, and the public toward disability and PWD in China, to identify discrepancies in attitude among the three groupsand to examine potential influencing factors of attitude within each group. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2912 PWD, 507 caregivers, and 354 members of the public in Guangzhou, China. Data were collected on participants’ socio-demographic information and personal attitudes toward disability using the Attitude to Disability Scale (ADS). ANOVA and ANCOVA were applied to compare the level of attitude among the three groups. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between each background factor and attitude within each group. Results Over 90 % of caregivers were PWD’s family members. After controlling the socio-demographic characteristics, caregivers had the lowest total scores of ADS (caregivers: 47.7; PWD: 52.3; the public: 50.5). Caregivers who had taken care of PWD for longer durations of time had a more negative attitude toward disability. In contrast, PWD who had been disabled for longer times had a more positive attitude toward disability. Conclusions The current national social security system of China does not adequately support PWD’s family-member caregivers who may need assistance coping with their life with PWDs. More research is needed, and the development of a new health-care model for PWD is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolan Zheng
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianting Tao
- Guangzhou Service Center of Assistive Devices, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoyi Liang
- Guangzhou Disabled Person's Federation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Statistics, College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiqian Fang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Ruan
- Guangzhou Service Center of Assistive Devices, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxiang Ai
- Guangzhou Service Center of Assistive Devices, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Salehi R, Shakhi K, Khiavi FF. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DISABILITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS IN AHVAZ, IRAN. Mater Sociomed 2016; 28:215-9. [PMID: 27482165 PMCID: PMC4949033 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2016.28.215-219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative and chronic disease of central nervous system which affected the middle aged people. The disabling nature of this disease can limit the daily activities, restrict the society roles, unemployment and finally lead to decline the quality of life (QoL) in MS patients. So, the main purpose of this study was to determine association between disability and quality of life among MS patients in Ahvaz, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and one MS patients who living in Khouzestan participated in the cross-sectional study. Two questionnaires include the MSQoL-54 and World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0 (WHODAS2.0) were used in order to measure the QoL and disability severity. Descriptive statistics as well as Pearson correlation coefficient and simple linear regression were used to analysis the data. RESULTS The respondent rate was 100 percent. The disability showed a large and negative association with QoL (p<0.001) but QoL was not significantly associated with EDSS score. Social participation and cognition subscales recognized as QoL predictors according to simple regression results. CONCLUSION The cognition and participation, disability subscales, were the most important predicators for QoL. Therefore, increasing employment opportunities, changing society's attitude and using the psychotherapy programs might improve the MS patient's QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Salehi
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khozestan, Iran
| | - Kamal Shakhi
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khozestan, Iran
| | - Farzad Faraji Khiavi
- Department of Healthcare Administration, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khozestan, Iran
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Tzouvara V, Papadopoulos C, Randhawa G. Systematic review of the prevalence of mental illness stigma within the Greek culture. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2016; 62:292-305. [PMID: 26888966 DOI: 10.1177/0020764016629699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of primary studies have now assessed mental illness stigma within the Greek culture. A synthesis and appraisal of all available evidence is now required and will contribute to our growing understanding of the relationship between the cultural context and the formation of stigmatising attitudes. AIM To systematically review the prevalence of mental illness public stigma within the Greek and Greek Cypriot culture. METHOD Empirical articles with primary data pertaining to the prevalence of mental illness public stigma among Greek and/or Greek Cypriot populations were retrieved. Included studies were assessed for quality and extracted data were narratively synthesised. RESULTS A total of 18 studies met the inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was highly variable; only 1 study was adequately statistically powered, 10 studies employed at least some element of probability sampling and obtained response rates of at least 70%, while 10 and 13 studies employed reliable and validated prevalence tools, respectively. Studies sampled the general population (n = 11), students (n = 4), healthcare professionals (n = 2), police officers, employers and family members (all n = 1). Stigma was consistently identified in moderate and high proportions across all of these groups, particularly in terms of social discrimination and restrictiveness, social distance and authoritarianism. However, some evidence of benevolence and positivity towards high-quality social care was also identified. CONCLUSION The review highlights the wide-scale prevalence of mental illness stigma within the Greek culture and the need for further rigorous research including culturally tailored stigma interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Tzouvara
- Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK
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14
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Zhou X, Song H, Hu M, Li X, Cai Y, Huang G, Li J, Kang L, Li J. Risk factors of severity of post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors with physical disabilities one year after the Wenchuan earthquake. Psychiatry Res 2015; 228:468-74. [PMID: 26163729 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
On May 12, 2008, a devastating earthquake measuring 8.0 on the Richter scale struck Wenchuan County and surrounding areas in China. This study aimed to assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the aftermath of the earthquake, and to evaluate factors of severity of PTSD symptoms among survivors with physical disabilities. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey and recruited 817 survivors with physical disabilities in three stricken areas. Assessment measures included the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Our study showed that 27.42% of the survivors with physical disabilities had PTSD symptoms one year after the Wenchuan earthquake. In the regression model, geographic location, female, suffering from paralysis following the earthquake, and going into a coma in the earthquake were associated with severe PTSD symptoms. Our findings suggest that a substantial proportion of physically disabled survivors of a big earthquake may have severe PTSD symptoms. The associated factors of PTSD identified in our study could inform the implementation of preventive programs for this population and give hint on the way to cope with this kind of disaster in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhou
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province 621000, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu City, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610000, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Guoping Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province 621000, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the Demobilized Veterans' Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chongzhou City, Sichuan Province 611200, China
| | - Lin Kang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Jing Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
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