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Olooto WE, Fajobi AO, Adewole OO, Murtala AA, Aderinola AA. Ameliorative effect of aqueous Cissus populnea suspension on cotton seed-induced testicular damage in male Wistar rats. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s12301-022-00282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Testicular damage is an important etiological factor in male infertility. Despite reported decline in global incidence of infertility over the past years, pockets of cases are still ironically noticed to occur in developing countries due to limitation of accessibility to advanced management methods, hence their resort to alternative herbal therapy.
Methods
Testicular damage was induced using cotton seed. Cissus populnea was cut into chunks, air-dried, pulverized, powdered and suspended in water. Thirty-two (32) matured male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (Group 1–4) designated as control, 100 mg/kg C. populnea (CP), cotton seed meal (CSM) and CSM + CP groups, each consisting of 8 rats. Group 1 was fed with normal rat chow, Group 2 was fed with 100 mg/kg CP, and Group 3 was fed with CSM for 8 weeks. Rats in Group 4 were fed with CSM for 8 weeks and dosed with 100 mg/kg aqueous C. populnea suspension for another 8 weeks. At the expiration of test period, the rats were sacrificed, blood sample collected, and plasma obtained for luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, estrogen, catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) measurements. Semen was collected for analysis and testes harvested for histological studies.
Result
There is a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in plasma FSH, LH, testosterone, estrogen, GSH, catalase, SOD, and GPx in rats fed on CSM when compared with values obtained in the control and aqueous C. populnea suspension-fed rats. Seminal fluid analysis showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the sperm count, motility, morphology, vitality, and non-vitality among rats fed with CSM when compared to control rats. The histologic features of the testes showed abnormal interstitial appearances and absent Leydig cells in many areas among cotton seed-fed rats. Improvements in reproductive hormones, sperm qualities, and histological features were observed to occur in CSM group following administration of aqueous C. populnea suspension.
Conclusion
Based on the findings from this study, it can be concluded that aqueous C. populnea suspension ameliorates cotton seed-induced hypothalamo-pituitary–testicular axis functional disruption and testicular damage.
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Kuchta K, Cameron S. Tradition to Pathogenesis: A Novel Hypothesis for Elucidating the Pathogenesis of Diseases Based on the Traditional Use of Medicinal Plants. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:705077. [PMID: 34759818 PMCID: PMC8572966 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.705077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicines embody knowledge on medicinal plants that has been accumulated through cultural evolution over millennia. In the latter half of the 20th century, two approaches to medicinal plant research have been established: the "Bench to Bedside" and the "Bedside to Bench" approaches which serve primarily for the development of more efficient therapeutics. Here, we propose a third, novel approach: from "Tradition to Pathogenesis" which aims to understand the pathogenesis of diseases based on the cultural evolution of their respective empirical treatments. We analyse multiple examples of diseases where the acting mechanism of traditional treatments across multiple cultures points to the pathogenesis of the respective disease. E.g., many cultures traditionally treat rheumatism with anti-bacterial botanical drugs, which is at odds with our current understanding that rheumatism is an aseptic inflammation. Furthermore, gastric ailments have traditionally been treated with anti-infectious botanical drugs indicating local infections, as demonstrated by the discovery of Helicobacter pylori as a common cause of gastric ulcer. Understanding traditional treatments can thus help to elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Kuchta
- Forschungsstelle für Fernöstliche Medizin, Department of Vegetation Analysis and Phytodiversity, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Cameron
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic, Hann. Münden, Germany
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Bernhard Y, Sedlacek O, Van Guyse JFR, Bender J, Zhong Z, De Geest BG, Hoogenboom R. Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Conjugates with Salicylic Acid via Degradable Modular Ester Linkages. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3207-3215. [PMID: 32639725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Conjugation of drugs to polymers is a widely used approach to gain control over the release of therapeutics. In this contribution, salicylic acid, a multipurpose model drug, is conjugated to the biocompatible poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx). The drug is attached to the side chains of a polymer carrier through a hydrolytically cleavable ester linker, via a sequential postpolymerization modification. The chemical modulation of this ester, i.e., by primary or secondary alcohols, is demonstrated to greatly influence the ester hydrolysis rate. This crucial parameter allows us to tune the in vitro kinetics of the sustained drug release for periods exceeding a month in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The synthetic accessibility of the cleavable linker, together with the modularity of the drug release rate offered by this approach, highlights the utility of this class of polymers in the field of long-lasting drug delivery systems for persistent and chronic disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Bernhard
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ondrej Sedlacek
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joachim F R Van Guyse
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan Bender
- Bender Analytical Holding BV, Oude Holleweg 6, 6572 AB Berg en Dal, The Netherlands
| | - Zifu Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno G De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Guo J, Wang X, Lü X, Jing R, Li J, Li C, Wang D, Bi B, Chen X, Wang F, Sun S, Gong J, Azadzoi KM, Yang JH. Unraveling molecular effects of ADAR1 overexpression in HEK293T cells by label-free quantitative proteomics. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:1591-601. [PMID: 27104882 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1176657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAR1 is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) editing enzyme that specifically converts adenosine to inosine. ADAR1 is ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes and participate in various cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation and immune responses. We report here a new proteomics study of HEK293T cells with and without ADAR1 overexpression. The up- and down-regulated proteins by ADAR1 overexpression are identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) followed by label-free protein quantification. Totally 1,495 proteins (FDR < 0.01) are identified, among which 211 are up- and 159 are down-regulated for at least 1.5-fold (n = 3, p < 0.05). Gene ontology analysis reveals that these ADAR1-regulated proteins are involved in protein translation and cell cycle regulation. Bioinformatics analysis identifies a closely related network consistent for the protein translation machinery and a tightly connected network through proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-interactions. Up-regulation of the proteins in the PCNA-mediated cell proliferation network is confirmed by Western blotting. In addition, ADAR1 overexpression is confirmed to increase cell proliferation in HEK293T cells and A549 cells. We conclude that ADAR1 overexpression modulates the protein translation and cell cycle networks through PCNA-mediated protein-protein interaction to promote cell proliferation in HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Guo
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Xin Lü
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Ruirui Jing
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Junqiang Li
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - CuiLing Li
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Daoguang Wang
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Baibin Bi
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Xinjun Chen
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Jing Gong
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China
| | - Kazem M Azadzoi
- b Departments of Surgery and Urology , VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- a Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , China.,b Departments of Surgery and Urology , VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
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Lee SY, Jeong JS, Ahn JJ, Lee SW, Seo H, Ahn Y, Hwang SY. Development of electrochemical microbiochip for the biological diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:1203-8. [PMID: 24334988 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A sexually transmitted disease is an illness that has a high probability of transmission between humans or animals who have sexual contact. Our research is based on the development of a microbiochip for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N.G.). In our study, we have employed fusion technology between microarray technology and a microfluidic system for quantitative analysis of N.G. A great deal of attention has been focused on electrochemical detection by using a DNA probe, which is a specific DNA sequence and binds to a target biomolecule, because of high affinity, ease of usage, and fast measurement. The microbiochip consisted of two electrode systems and microchannel based PDMS. Our detection principles use electrochemical detection. Consequently, our microbiochip detected 5 ng/mL of N.G. and the correlation rate was over 0.95. We can produce a microbiochip, which could bind to a DNA probe and detect sample of interest. We expect that our electrobiochemical chip will be used for the development of a portable device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yong Lee
- Department of Bio-Nanotechnology, Graduate School, Hanyang University
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Hu Y, Zuo P, Ye BC. Label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy biosensor for direct detection of cancer cells based on the interaction between carbohydrate and lectin. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 43:79-83. [PMID: 23287651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) biosensor for direct cancer cell detection based on the interaction between carbohydrate and lectin has been developed with good sensitivity and selectivity. In the present work, concanavalin A (Con A), a mannose specific lectin, was immobilized on a gold disk electrode to fabricate the Con A sensor. This sensor was incubated with the cancer cell sample, and the binding of cancer cells with Con A resulted in a change of charge transfer resistance (Rct). EIS measurement was employed to measure the impedance change which reveals the concentration of cancer cells. This method has been successfully applied in human liver cancer cell Bel-7404 for direct and sensitive detection with a detection limit of 234cells/mL. This method could be extended to carry out multi-component diagnosis applications, thus providing enormous potential for applications of cancer monitoring and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofang Hu
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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