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Fisch KM, Rosenthal SB, Mark A, Sasik R, Nasamran CA, Clifford R, Derebery MJ, Boussaty E, Jepsen K, Harris J, Friedman RA. The genomic landscape of Ménière's disease: a path to endolymphatic hydrops. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:646. [PMID: 38943082 PMCID: PMC11212243 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ménière's disease (MD) is a disorder of the inner ear that causes episodic bouts of severe dizziness, roaring tinnitus, and fluctuating hearing loss. To date, no targeted therapy exists. As such, we have undertaken a large whole genome sequencing study on carefully phenotyped unilateral MD patients with the goal of gene/pathway discovery and a move towards targeted intervention. This study was a retrospective review of patients with a history of Ménière's disease. Genomic DNA, acquired from saliva samples, was purified and subjected to whole genome sequencing. RESULTS Stringent variant calling, performed on 511 samples passing quality checks, followed by gene-based filtering by recurrence and proximity in molecular interaction networks, led to 481 high priority MD genes. These high priority genes, including MPHOSPH8, MYO18A, TRIOBP, OTOGL, TNC, and MYO6, were previously implicated in hearing loss, balance, and cochlear function, and were significantly enriched in common variant studies of hearing loss. Validation in an independent MD cohort confirmed 82 recurrent genes. Pathway analysis pointed to cell-cell adhesion, extracellular matrix, and cellular energy maintenance as key mediators of MD. Furthermore, the MD-prioritized genes were highly expressed in human inner ear hair cells and dark/vestibular cells, and were differentially expressed in a mouse model of hearing loss. CONCLUSION By enabling the development of model systems that may lead to targeted therapies and MD screening panels, the genes and variants identified in this study will inform diagnosis and treatment of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Fisch
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Sara Brin Rosenthal
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adam Mark
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roman Sasik
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chanond A Nasamran
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Royce Clifford
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Research Department, VA Hospitals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Ely Boussaty
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Harris
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rick A Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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2
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Cheung HW, Schouw AD, Altunay ZM, Maddox JW, Kresic LC, McAllister BC, Caro K, Alam S, Huang A, Pijewski RS, Lee A, Martinelli DC. Creation of a novel CRISPR-generated allele to express HA epitope-tagged C1QL1 and improved methods for its detection at synapses. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38858133 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
C1QL1 is expressed in a subset of cells in the brain and likely has pleiotropic functions, including the regulation of neuron-to-neuron synapses. Research progress on C1QL proteins has been slowed by a dearth of available antibodies. Therefore, we created a novel knock-in mouse line in which an HA-tag is inserted into the endogenous C1ql1 locus. We examined the entire brain, identifying previously unappreciated nuclei expressing C1QL1, presumably in neurons. By total numbers, however, the large majority of C1QL1-expressing cells are of the oligodendrocyte lineage. Subcellular immunolocalization of synaptic cleft proteins is challenging, so we developed a new protocol to improve signal at synapses. Lastly, we compared various anti-HA antibodies to assist future investigations using this and likely other HA epitope-tagged alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu W Cheung
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Alexander D Schouw
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Zeynep M Altunay
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - J Wesley Maddox
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, TX, USA
| | - Lyndsay C Kresic
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Brenna C McAllister
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Keaven Caro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Shahnawaz Alam
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Angie Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Pijewski
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biology, Anna Maria College, Paxton, MA, USA
| | - Amy Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, TX, USA
| | - David C Martinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (IBACS), Storrs, CT, USA
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3
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Pressé MT, Malgrange B, Delacroix L. The cochlear matrisome: Importance in hearing and deafness. Matrix Biol 2024; 125:40-58. [PMID: 38070832 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists in a complex meshwork of collagens, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans, which serves a scaffolding function and provides viscoelastic properties to the tissues. ECM acts as a biomechanical support, and actively participates in cell signaling to induce tissular changes in response to environmental forces and soluble cues. Given the remarkable complexity of the inner ear architecture, its exquisite structure-function relationship, and the importance of vibration-induced stimulation of its sensory cells, ECM is instrumental to hearing. Many factors of the matrisome are involved in cochlea development, function and maintenance, as evidenced by the variety of ECM proteins associated with hereditary deafness. This review describes the structural and functional ECM components in the auditory organ and how they are modulated over time and following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary T Pressé
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 15 avenue Hippocrate - CHU - B36 (1st floor), Liège B-4000, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Malgrange
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 15 avenue Hippocrate - CHU - B36 (1st floor), Liège B-4000, Belgium
| | - Laurence Delacroix
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 15 avenue Hippocrate - CHU - B36 (1st floor), Liège B-4000, Belgium.
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4
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Tan WJT, Santos-Sacchi J, Tonello J, Shanker A, Ivanova AV. Pharmacological Modulation of Energy and Metabolic Pathways Protects Hearing in the Fus1/Tusc2 Knockout Model of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1225. [PMID: 37371955 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tightly regulated and robust mitochondrial activities are critical for normal hearing. Previously, we demonstrated that Fus1/Tusc2 KO mice with mitochondrial dysfunction exhibit premature hearing loss. Molecular analysis of the cochlea revealed hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway, oxidative stress, and altered mitochondrial morphology and quantity, suggesting compromised energy sensing and production. Here, we investigated whether the pharmacological modulation of metabolic pathways using rapamycin (RAPA) or 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) supplementation can protect against hearing loss in female Fus1 KO mice. Additionally, we aimed to identify mitochondria- and Fus1/Tusc2-dependent molecular pathways and processes critical for hearing. We found that inhibiting mTOR or activating alternative mitochondrial energetic pathways to glycolysis protected hearing in the mice. Comparative gene expression analysis revealed the dysregulation of critical biological processes in the KO cochlea, including mitochondrial metabolism, neural and immune responses, and the cochlear hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis signaling system. RAPA and 2-DG mostly normalized these processes, although some genes showed a drug-specific response or no response at all. Interestingly, both drugs resulted in a pronounced upregulation of critical hearing-related genes not altered in the non-treated KO cochlea, including cytoskeletal and motor proteins and calcium-linked transporters and voltage-gated channels. These findings suggest that the pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial metabolism and bioenergetics may restore and activate processes critical for hearing, thereby protecting against hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston J T Tan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Joseph Santos-Sacchi
- Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jane Tonello
- School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Anil Shanker
- School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Alla V Ivanova
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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5
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Li Q, Cui C, Liao R, Yin X, Wang D, Cheng Y, Huang B, Wang L, Yan M, Zhou J, Zhao J, Tang W, Wang Y, Wang X, Lv J, Li J, Li H, Shu Y. The pathogenesis of common Gjb2 mutations associated with human hereditary deafness in mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:148. [PMID: 37178259 PMCID: PMC10182940 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in GJB2 (Gap junction protein beta 2) are the most common genetic cause of non-syndromic hereditary deafness in humans, especially the 35delG and 235delC mutations. Owing to the homozygous lethality of Gjb2 mutations in mice, there are currently no perfect mouse models carrying Gjb2 mutations derived from patients for mimicking human hereditary deafness and for unveiling the pathogenesis of the disease. Here, we successfully constructed heterozygous Gjb2+/35delG and Gjb2+/235delC mutant mice through advanced androgenic haploid embryonic stem cell (AG-haESC)-mediated semi-cloning technology, and these mice showed normal hearing at postnatal day (P) 28. A homozygous mutant mouse model, Gjb235delG/35delG, was then generated using enhanced tetraploid embryo complementation, demonstrating that GJB2 plays an indispensable role in mouse placenta development. These mice exhibited profound hearing loss similar to human patients at P14, i.e., soon after the onset of hearing. Mechanistic analyses showed that Gjb2 35delG disrupts the function and formation of intercellular gap junction channels of the cochlea rather than affecting the survival and function of hair cells. Collectively, our study provides ideal mouse models for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of DFNB1A-related hereditary deafness and opens up a new avenue for investigating the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chong Cui
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongyu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xidi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqi Wang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowei Huang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Wang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Yan
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinan Zhou
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Lv
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Hong DZ, Ong TCC, Timbadia DP, Tan HTA, Kwa ED, Chong WQ, Goh BC, Loh WS, Loh KS, Tan EC, Tay JK. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Genetic Variation on Ototoxicity in Platinum-Based Chemotherapy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 168:1324-1337. [PMID: 36802061 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of genetic polymorphisms on platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC)-induced ototoxicity. DATA SOURCES Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science were conducted from the inception of the databases to May 31, 2022. Abstracts and presentations from conferences were also reviewed. REVIEW METHODS Four investigators independently extracted data in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Differences in the prevalence of PBC-induced ototoxicity between reference and variant (i) genotypes and (ii) alleles were analyzed. The overall effect size was presented using the random-effects model as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS From 32 included articles, 59 single nucleotide polymorphisms on 28 genes were identified, with 4406 total unique participants. For allele frequency analysis, the A allele in ACYP2 rs1872328 was positively associated with ototoxicity (OR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.06-6.43; n = 2518). Upon limiting to cisplatin use only, the T allele of COMT rs4646316 and COMT rs9332377 revealed significant results. For genotype frequency analysis, the CT/TT genotype in ERCC2 rs1799793 demonstrated an otoprotective effect (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.27-0.94; n = 176). Excluding studies using carboplatin or concomitant radiotherapy revealed significant effects with COMT rs4646316, GSTP1 rs1965, and XPC rs2228001. Major sources of variations between studies include differences in patient demographics, ototoxicity grading systems, and treatment protocols. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis presents polymorphisms that exert ototoxic or otoprotective effects in patients undergoing PBC. Importantly, several of these alleles are observed at high frequencies globally, highlighting the potential for polygenic screening and cumulative risk evaluation for personalized care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Z Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thaned C C Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dhayan P Timbadia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui T A Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eunice D Kwa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Q Chong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon C Goh
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woei S Loh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwok S Loh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ene C Tan
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua K Tay
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Wang H, Sun R, Xu N, Wang X, Bao M, Li X, Li J, Lin A, Feng J. Untargeted metabolomics of the cochleae from two laryngeally echolocating bats. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1171366. [PMID: 37152899 PMCID: PMC10154556 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1171366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High-frequency hearing is regarded as one of the most functionally important traits in laryngeally echolocating bats. Abundant candidate hearing-related genes have been identified to be the important genetic bases underlying high-frequency hearing for laryngeally echolocating bats, however, extensive metabolites presented in the cochleae have not been studied. In this study, we identified 4,717 annotated metabolites in the cochleae of two typical laryngeally echolocating bats using the liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy technology, metabolites classified as amino acids, peptides, and fatty acid esters were identified as the most abundant in the cochleae of these two echolocating bat species, Rhinolophus sinicus and Vespertilio sinensis. Furthermore, 357 metabolites were identified as significant differentially accumulated (adjusted p-value <0.05) in the cochleae of these two bat species with distinct echolocating dominant frequencies. Downstream KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that multiple biological processes, including signaling pathways, nervous system, and metabolic process, were putatively different in the cochleae of R. sinicus and V. sinensis. For the first time, this study investigated the extensive metabolites and associated biological pathways in the cochleae of two laryngeal echolocating bats and expanded our knowledge of the metabolic molecular bases underlying high-frequency hearing in the cochleae of echolocating bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Wang, ; Jiang Feng,
| | - Ruyi Sun
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ningning Xu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingyue Bao
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiqian Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Aiqing Lin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang Feng
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Wang, ; Jiang Feng,
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8
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Ma X, Guo J, Fu Y, Shen C, Jiang P, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yu Y, Fan J, Chai R. G protein-coupled receptors in cochlea: Potential therapeutic targets for hearing loss. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1028125. [PMID: 36311029 PMCID: PMC9596917 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1028125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hearing loss-related diseases caused by different factors is increasing worldwide year by year. Currently, however, the patient’s hearing loss has not been effectively improved. Therefore, there is an urgent need to adopt new treatment measures and treatment techniques to help improve the therapeutic effect of hearing loss. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), as crucial cell surface receptors, can widely participate in different physiological and pathological processes, particularly play an essential role in many disease occurrences and be served as promising therapeutic targets. However, no specific drugs on the market have been found to target the GPCRs of the cochlea. Interestingly, many recent studies have demonstrated that GPCRs can participate in various pathogenic process related to hearing loss in the cochlea including heredity, noise, ototoxic drugs, cochlear structure, and so on. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the functions of 53 GPCRs known in the cochlea and their relationships with hearing loss, and highlight the recent advances of new techniques used in cochlear study including cryo-EM, AI, GPCR drug screening, gene therapy vectors, and CRISPR editing technology, as well as discuss in depth the future direction of novel GPCR-based drug development and gene therapy for cochlear hearing loss. Collectively, this review is to facilitate basic and (pre-) clinical research in this area, and provide beneficial help for emerging GPCR-based cochlear therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiamin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaoyang Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cangsong Shen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
- *Correspondence: Yafeng Yu,
| | - Jiangang Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Jiangang Fan,
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Renjie Chai,
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9
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Assessment of Metabolic Markers and Osteoporosis in 250 Patients with Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Treated With Middle Fossa Craniotomy. World Neurosurg 2022; 166:e52-e59. [PMID: 35760329 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is caused by bony defects in the osseous shell of the arcuate eminence separating the labyrinth and the intracranial space. This pathologic third window causes hydroacoustic transmission resulting in debilitating symptoms. We examine the pathophysiologic association between metabolic markers, previous medical history, and SSCD symptoms before and after middle fossa craniotomy (MFC) treatment. METHODS This study was conducted between March 2011 and September 2020 with patients with SSCD who underwent MFC. We used a Fisher test to compare variables, including bilateral SSCD, second surgery, ear anomaly, osteoporosis, arthritis, vitamin D, and preoperative/postoperative symptoms, and others. Point-biserial correlation analysis was performed to test correlations between continuous variables and categorical variables. RESULTS A total of 250 patients with SSCD underwent MFC repair. There was significant postoperative resolution in all symptoms (P < 0.0001). Laboratory 25-hydroxyvitamin D values correlated with preoperative aural fullness (rpb= 0.29; P = 0.03), and preoperative disequilibrium (rpb= -0.32; P = 0.02). Serum calcium values correlated with preoperative hearing loss (rpb= 0.16; P = 0.02). Osteoporosis history (n = 16; 6%) was more prevalent in female patients (P = 0.0001), associated with higher levels of preoperative hearing loss (odds ratio, 4.56; P = 0.02) and higher postoperative hearing loss resolution (odds ratio, 2.89; P = 0.0509). CONCLUSIONS Certain metabolic markers may predict SSCD presentation before and after surgery. Previous history of osteoporosis, autoimmune conditions, or arthritis may play a role in SSCD pathophysiology and can help predict clinical outcomes. Future evaluation should take metabolic laboratory values and acquire an exact medical history.
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10
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Oncomodulin (OCM) uniquely regulates calcium signaling in neonatal cochlear outer hair cells. Cell Calcium 2022; 105:102613. [PMID: 35797824 PMCID: PMC9297295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Wu F, Hill K, Fang Q, He Z, Zheng H, Wang X, Xiong H, Sha SH. Traumatic-noise-induced hair cell death and hearing loss is mediated by activation of CaMKKβ. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:249. [PMID: 35438341 PMCID: PMC9844253 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinases (CaMKKs) are serine/threonine-directed protein kinases that are activated following increases in intracellular calcium, playing a critical role in neuronal signaling. Inner-ear-trauma-induced calcium overload in sensory hair cells has been well documented in the pathogenesis of traumatic noise-induced hair cell death and hearing loss, but there are no established pharmaceutical therapies available due to a lack of specific therapeutic targets. In this study, we investigated the activation of CaMKKβ in the inner ear after traumatic noise exposure and assessed the prevention of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) with RNA silencing. RESULTS Treatment with short hairpin RNA of CaMKKβ (shCaMKKβ) via adeno-associated virus transduction significantly knocked down CaMKKβ expression in the inner ear. Knockdown of CaMKKβ significantly attenuated noise-induced hair cell loss and hearing loss (NIHL). Additionally, pretreatment with naked CaMKKβ small interfering RNA (siCaMKKβ) attenuated noise-induced losses of inner hair cell synapses and OHCs and NIHL. Furthermore, traumatic noise exposure activates CaMKKβ in OHCs as demonstrated by immunolabeling for p-CaMKI. CaMKKβ mRNA assessed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization and immunolabeling for CaMKKβ in OHCs also increased after the exposure. Finally, pretreatment with siCaMKKβ diminished noise-induced activation of AMPKα in OHCs. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that traumatic-noise-induced OHC loss and hearing loss occur primarily via activation of CaMKKβ. Targeting CaMKKβ is a key strategy for prevention of noise-induced hearing loss. Furthermore, our data suggest that noise-induced activation of AMPKα in OHCs occurs via the CaMKKβ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kayla Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zuhong He
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hongwei Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Xianren Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hao Xiong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Su-Hua Sha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.,Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Su-Hua Sha • Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine • Medical University of South Carolina • Walton Research Building, Room 403-E • 39 Sabin Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. Telephone: 843-792-8324; Fax: 843-792-0368;
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12
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Khattar V, Wang L, Peng JB. Calcium selective channel TRPV6: Structure, function, and implications in health and disease. Gene 2022; 817:146192. [PMID: 35031425 PMCID: PMC8950124 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-selective channel TRPV6 (Transient Receptor Potential channel family, Vanilloid subfamily member 6) belongs to the TRP family of cation channels and plays critical roles in transcellular calcium (Ca2+) transport, reuptake of Ca2+ into cells, and maintaining a local low Ca2+ environment for certain biological processes. Recent crystal and cryo-electron microscopy-based structures of TRPV6 have revealed mechanistic insights on how the protein achieves Ca2+ selectivity, permeation, and inactivation by calmodulin. The TRPV6 protein is expressed in a range of epithelial tissues such as the intestine, kidney, placenta, epididymis, and exocrine glands such as the pancreas, prostate and salivary, sweat, and mammary glands. The TRPV6 gene is a direct transcriptional target of the active form of vitamin D and is efficiently regulated to meet the body's need for Ca2+ demand. In addition, TRPV6 is also regulated by the level of dietary Ca2+ and under physiological conditions such as pregnancy and lactation. Genetic models of loss of function in TRPV6 display hypercalciuria, decreased bone marrow density, deficient weight gain, reduced fertility, and in some cases alopecia. The models also reveal that the channel plays an indispensable role in maintaining maternal-fetal Ca2+ transport and low Ca2+ environment in the epididymal lumen that is critical for male fertility. Most recently, loss of function mutations in TRPV6 gene is linked to transient neonatal hyperparathyroidism and early onset chronic pancreatitis. TRPV6 is overexpressed in a wide range of human malignancies and its upregulation is strongly correlated to tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and poor survival in selected cancers. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the expression, structure, biophysical properties, function, polymorphisms, and regulation of TRPV6. The aberrant expression, polymorphisms, and dysfunction of this protein linked to human diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Khattar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ji-Bin Peng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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13
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Mitochondrial calcium uniporter is essential for hearing and hair cell preservation in congenic FVB/NJ mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9660. [PMID: 33958614 PMCID: PMC8102556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Ca2+ regulates a wide range of cell processes, including morphogenesis, metabolism, excitotoxicity, and survival. In cochlear hair cells, the activation of mechano-electrical transduction and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels result in a large influx of Ca2+. The intracellular rise in Ca2+ is partly balanced by the mitochondria which rapidly uptakes Ca2+ via a highly selective channel comprised of the main pore-forming subunit, the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), and associated regulatory proteins. MCU thus contributes to Ca2+ buffering, ensuring cytosolic homeostasis, and is posited to have a critical role in hair cell function and hearing. To test this hypothesis, Ca2+ homeostasis in hair cells and cochlear function were investigated in FVB/NJ mice carrying the knockout allele of Mcu (Mcu+/− or Mcu−/−). The Mcu knockout allele, which originated in C57BL/6 strain cosegregated along with Cdh23ahl allele to the FVB/NJ strain, due to the close proximity of these genes. Neither Mcu+/− nor Mcu−/− genotypes affected cochlear development, morphology, or Ca2+ homeostasis of auditory hair cells in the first two postnatal weeks. However, Mcu−/− mice displayed high-frequency hearing impairment as early as 3 weeks postnatal, which then progressed to profound hearing loss at all frequencies in about 6 months. In Mcu+/− mice, significantly elevated ABR thresholds were observed at 6 months and 9 months of age only at 32 kHz frequency. In three-month-old Mcu−/− mice, up to 18% of the outer hair cells and occasionally some inner hair cells were missing in the mid-cochlear region. In conclusion, mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter is not required for the development of cochlea in mice, but is essential for hearing and hair cell preservation in congenic FVB/NJ mice.
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14
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Cochlear homeostasis: a molecular physiological perspective on maintenance of sound transduction and auditory neurotransmission with noise and ageing. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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15
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Abstract
The delivery of therapies to the cochlea is notoriously challenging. It is an organ protected by a number of barriers that need to be overcome in the drug delivery process. Additionally, there are multiple sites of possible damage within the cochlea. Despite the many potential sites of damage, acquired otologic insults preferentially damage a single location. While progress has been made in techniques for inner ear drug delivery, the current techniques remain non-specific and our ability to deliver therapies in a cell-specific manner are limited. Fortunately, there are proteins specific to various cell-types within the cochlea (e.g., hair cells, spiral ganglion cells, stria vascularis) that function as biomarkers of site-specific damage. These protein biomarkers have potential to serve as targets for cell-specific inner ear drug delivery. In this manuscript, we review the concept of biomarkers and targeted- inner ear drug delivery and the well-characterized protein biomarkers within each of the locations of interest within the cochlea. Our review will focus on targeted drug delivery in the setting of acquired otologic insults (e.g., ototoxicity, noise-induce hearing loss). The goal is not to discuss therapies to treat acquired otologic insults, rather, to establish potential concepts of how to deliver therapies in a targeted, cell-specific manner. Based on our review, it is clear that future of inner ear drug delivery is a discipline filled with potential that will require collaborative efforts among clinicians and scientists to optimize treatment of otologic insults. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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16
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Nonlinear calcium ion waves along actin filaments control active hair–bundle motility. Biosystems 2018; 173:181-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Jaiganesh A, Narui Y, Araya-Secchi R, Sotomayor M. Beyond Cell-Cell Adhesion: Sensational Cadherins for Hearing and Balance. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:a029280. [PMID: 28847902 PMCID: PMC6008173 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cadherins form a large family of proteins often involved in calcium-dependent cellular adhesion. Although classical members of the family can provide a physical bond between cells, a subset of special cadherins use their extracellular domains to interlink apical specializations of single epithelial sensory cells. Two of these cadherins, cadherin-23 (CDH23) and protocadherin-15 (PCDH15), form extracellular "tip link" filaments that connect apical bundles of stereocilia on hair cells essential for inner-ear mechanotransduction. As these bundles deflect in response to mechanical stimuli from sound or head movements, tip links gate hair-cell mechanosensitive channels to initiate sensory perception. Here, we review the unusual and diverse structural properties of these tip-link cadherins and the functional significance of their deafness-related missense mutations. Based on the structural features of CDH23 and PCDH15, we discuss the elasticity of tip links and models that bridge the gap between the nanomechanics of cadherins and the micromechanics of hair-cell bundles during inner-ear mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Jaiganesh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Yoshie Narui
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Raul Araya-Secchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Marcos Sotomayor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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18
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Wang Y, Li J, Yao X, Li W, Du H, Tang M, Xiong W, Chai R, Xu Z. Loss of CIB2 Causes Profound Hearing Loss and Abolishes Mechanoelectrical Transduction in Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:401. [PMID: 29255404 PMCID: PMC5722843 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium and integrin-binding protein 2 (CIB2) belongs to a protein family with four known members, CIB1 through CIB4, which are characterized by multiple calcium-binding EF-hand domains. Among the family members, the Cib1 and Cib2 genes are expressed in mouse cochlear hair cells, and mutations in the human CIB2 gene have been associated with nonsyndromic deafness DFNB48 and syndromic deafness USH1J. To further explore the function of CIB1 and CIB2 in hearing, we established Cib1 and Cib2 knockout mice using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated Cas9 nuclease (CRISPR/Cas9) genome editing technique. We found that loss of CIB1 protein does not affect auditory function, whereas loss of CIB2 protein causes profound hearing loss in mice. Further investigation revealed that hair cell stereocilia development is affected in Cib2 knockout mice. Noticeably, loss of CIB2 abolishes mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) currents in auditory hair cells. In conclusion, we show here that although both CIB1 and CIB2 are readily detected in the cochlea, only loss of CIB2 results in profound hearing loss, and that CIB2 is essential for auditory hair cell MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuerui Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Haibo Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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19
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Rodrigo-Moreno A, Bazihizina N, Azzarello E, Masi E, Tran D, Bouteau F, Baluska F, Mancuso S. Root phonotropism: Early signalling events following sound perception in Arabidopsis roots. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 264:9-15. [PMID: 28969806 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Sound is a fundamental form of energy and it has been suggested that plants can make use of acoustic cues to obtain information regarding their environments and alter and fine-tune their growth and development. Despite an increasing body of evidence indicating that it can influence plant growth and physiology, many questions concerning the effect of sound waves on plant growth and the underlying signalling mechanisms remains unknown. Here we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, exposure to sound waves (200Hz) for 2 weeks induced positive phonotropism in roots, which grew towards to sound source. We found that sound waves triggered very quickly (within minutes) an increase in cytosolic Ca2+, possibly mediated by an influx through plasma membrane and a release from internal stock. Sound waves likewise elicited rapid reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and K+ efflux. Taken together these results suggest that changes in ion fluxes (Ca2+ and K+) and an increase in superoxide production are involved in sound perception in plants, as previously established in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodrigo-Moreno
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences - Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Nadia Bazihizina
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences - Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Azzarello
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences - Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Masi
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences - Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniel Tran
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
| | - François Bouteau
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
| | | | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences - Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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20
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Abstract
Sounds at levels that can injure the ear are regarded as enjoyable by many people. In many societies, a common form of this behavior is listening to loud music, either via personal audio systems or at music venues. Drawing on theory from the literature around loud sound and emotional responses to music, and combining it with concepts of physiological sound adaptation and classical conditioning, we developed a model of the process that may underlie people's enjoyment of loud sound, particularly loud music in nightclubs. The Conditioning, Adaptation, and Acculturation to Loud Music (CAALM) model proposes that the benefits associated with loud sound, alongside other desirable aspects of nightclubs, provide the unconditioned stimuli. Over time regular clubbers become conditioned to enjoy loud sound in itself. Exposure to loud sound also causes adaptation within the auditory system, so there is both a desire for, and tolerance of, loud sound during leisure time. This sets up an expectation of loud music as a cultural norm, and staff of leisure venues, who are themselves part of that culture, set music levels to meet customer expectations; and a cycle is perpetuated. This theory may be a useful consideration for health promotion and hearing conservation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Welch
- Audiology Department, Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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21
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Welch D, Fremaux G. Why Do People Like Loud Sound? A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14080908. [PMID: 28800097 PMCID: PMC5580611 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many people choose to expose themselves to potentially dangerous sounds such as loud music, either via speakers, personal audio systems, or at clubs. The Conditioning, Adaptation and Acculturation to Loud Music (CAALM) Model has proposed a theoretical basis for this behaviour. To compare the model to data, we interviewed a group of people who were either regular nightclub-goers or who controlled the sound levels in nightclubs (bar managers, musicians, DJs, and sound engineers) about loud sound. Results showed four main themes relating to the enjoyment of loud sound: arousal/excitement, facilitation of socialisation, masking of both external sound and unwanted thoughts, and an emphasis and enhancement of personal identity. Furthermore, an interesting incidental finding was that sound levels appeared to increase gradually over the course of the evening until they plateaued at approximately 97 dBA Leq around midnight. Consideration of the data generated by the analysis revealed a complex of influential factors that support people in wanting exposure to loud sound. Findings were considered in terms of the CAALM Model and could be explained in terms of its principles. From a health promotion perspective, the Social Ecological Model was applied to consider how the themes identified might influence behaviour. They were shown to influence people on multiple levels, providing a powerful system which health promotion approaches struggle to address.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Welch
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Guy Fremaux
- Triton Hearing, Whangerei 0110, New Zealand.
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22
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Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Assessing the maximum safe dose for local bisphosphonate delivery to the cochlea enables efficient delivery without ototoxicity. BACKGROUND Otosclerosis is a disease of abnormal bone metabolism affecting the otic capsule, which can cause conductive hearing loss. Larger otosclerotic lesions involving the cochlear endosteum and spiral ligament can result in sensorineural hearing loss. Bisphosphonates are used to treat patients with metabolic bone diseases, including otosclerosis. Local delivery is the most efficient way of delivery to the cochlea while avoiding systemic side effects. To attain intracochlear bisphosphonate delivery without ototoxicity, the maximum safe dose of bisphosphonates requires definition. In the present study, we tested increasing concentrations of zoledronate, a third-generation bisphosphonate in an intracochlear delivery system. We measured ototoxicity by monitoring distortion product otoacoustic emissions and compound action potentials. METHODS Artificial perilymph and increasing molar concentrations of zoledronate were administered to the cochlea in guinea pigs via a cochleostomy. Hearing was measured at multiple time points. A fluorescently labeled zoledronate derivative (6-FAM-ZOL) was coadministered as an internal control for drug delivery. Specimens embedded in the resin blocks were ground to a mid-modiolar section and fluorescent photomicrographs were taken. RESULTS No significant shift in hearing was observed in animals treated either with artificial perilymph or with 4% of the human systemic zoledronate dose. However, compound action potentials thresholds increased during infusion of 8% of the human systemic zoledronate dose, improved 4 hours later, and then increased again 4 weeks later. Using fluorescent photomicrography, intracochlear bisphosphonate delivery up to the apical cochlear turn was confirmed by visualizing 6-FAM-ZOL. CONCLUSION These findings provide reference values for intracochlear bisphosphonate delivery in the treatment of cochlear otosclerosis and describe a useful method for tracking cochlear drug delivery.
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Mammano F, Bortolozzi M. Ca 2+ signaling, apoptosis and autophagy in the developing cochlea: Milestones to hearing acquisition. Cell Calcium 2017; 70:117-126. [PMID: 28578918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, the sense of hearing arises through a complex sequence of morphogenetic events that drive the sculpting of the auditory sensory epithelium into its terminally functional three-dimensional shape. While the majority of the underlying mechanisms remain unknown, it has become increasingly clear that Ca2+ signaling is at center stage and plays numerous fundamental roles both in the sensory hair cells and in the matrix of non-sensory, epithelial and supporting cells, which embed them and are tightly interconnected by a dense network of gap junctions formed by connexin 26 (Cx26) and connexin 30 (Cx30) protein subunits. In this review, we discuss the intricate interplay between Ca2+ signaling, connexin expression and function, apoptosis and autophagy in the crucial steps that lead to hearing acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Mammano
- Department of Physics and Astronomy "G. Galilei", University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, 00015 Monterotondo, (RM), Italy.
| | - Mario Bortolozzi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy "G. Galilei", University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Italian National Research Council, 80131 Naples (NA), Italy
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24
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Modrell MS, Lyne M, Carr AR, Zakon HH, Buckley D, Campbell AS, Davis MC, Micklem G, Baker CV. Insights into electrosensory organ development, physiology and evolution from a lateral line-enriched transcriptome. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28346141 PMCID: PMC5429088 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The anamniote lateral line system, comprising mechanosensory neuromasts and electrosensory ampullary organs, is a useful model for investigating the developmental and evolutionary diversification of different organs and cell types. Zebrafish neuromast development is increasingly well understood, but neither zebrafish nor Xenopus is electroreceptive and our molecular understanding of ampullary organ development is rudimentary. We have used RNA-seq to generate a lateral line-enriched gene-set from late-larval paddlefish (Polyodon spathula). Validation of a subset reveals expression in developing ampullary organs of transcription factor genes critical for hair cell development, and genes essential for glutamate release at hair cell ribbon synapses, suggesting close developmental, physiological and evolutionary links between non-teleost electroreceptors and hair cells. We identify an ampullary organ-specific proneural transcription factor, and candidates for the voltage-sensing L-type Cav channel and rectifying Kv channel predicted from skate (cartilaginous fish) ampullary organ electrophysiology. Overall, our results illuminate ampullary organ development, physiology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda S Modrell
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Lyne
- Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian R Carr
- Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Harold H Zakon
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States.,Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - David Buckley
- Departmento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-MNCN-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Natural Sciences, Saint Louis University - Madrid Campus, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexander S Campbell
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus C Davis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, United States
| | - Gos Micklem
- Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Vh Baker
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Chan DK, Rouse SL. Sound-Induced Intracellular Ca2+ Dynamics in the Adult Hearing Cochlea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167850. [PMID: 27959894 PMCID: PMC5154517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling has been implicated in the initial pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the cochlea's response to acoustic overstimulation. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling (ICS) waves, which occur in glia and retinal cells in response to injury to activate cell regulatory pathways, have been proposed as an early event in cochlear injury. Disruption of ICS activity is thought to underlie Connexin 26-associated hearing loss, the most common genetic form of deafness, and downstream sequelae of ICS wave activity, such as MAP kinase pathway activation, have been implicated in noise-induced hearing loss. However, ICS waves have only been observed in neonatal cochlear cultures and are thought to be quiescent after the onset of hearing. In this study, we employ an acute explant model of an adult, hearing cochlea that retains many in vivo physiologic features to investigate Ca2+ changes in response to sound. We find that both slow monotonic changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration as well as discrete ICS waves occur with acoustic overstimulation. The ICS waves share many intrinsic features with their better-described neonatal counterparts, including ATP and gap-junction dependence, and propagation velocity and distance. This identification of ICS wave activity in the adult, hearing cochlea thus confirms and characterizes an important early detection mechanism for cochlear trauma and provides a target for interventions for noise-induced and Connexin 26-associated hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan K. Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephanie L. Rouse
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
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26
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Zhang QX, He XJ, Wong HC, Kindt KS. Functional calcium imaging in zebrafish lateral-line hair cells. Methods Cell Biol 2016; 133:229-52. [PMID: 27263415 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sensory hair-cell development, function, and regeneration are fundamental processes that are challenging to study in mammalian systems. Zebrafish are an excellent alternative model to study hair cells because they have an external auxiliary organ called the lateral line. The hair cells of the lateral line are easily accessible, which makes them suitable for live, function-based fluorescence imaging. In this chapter, we describe methods to perform functional calcium imaging in zebrafish lateral-line hair cells. We compare genetically encoded calcium indicators that have been used previously to measure calcium in lateral-line hair cells. We also outline equipment required for calcium imaging and compare different imaging systems. Lastly, we discuss how to set up optimal imaging parameters and how to process and visualize calcium signals. Overall, using these methods, in vivo calcium imaging is a powerful tool to examine sensory hair-cell function in an intact organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q X Zhang
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - X J He
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - H C Wong
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - K S Kindt
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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27
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Horváth T, Polony G, Fekete Á, Aller M, Halmos G, Lendvai B, Heinrich A, Sperlágh B, Vizi ES, Zelles T. ATP-Evoked Intracellular Ca²⁺ Signaling of Different Supporting Cells in the Hearing Mouse Hemicochlea. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:364-75. [PMID: 26801171 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1818-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Hearing and its protection is regulated by ATP-evoked Ca(2+) signaling in the supporting cells of the organ of Corti, however, the unique anatomy of the cochlea hampers observing these mechanisms. For the first time, we have performed functional ratiometric Ca(2+) imaging (fura-2) in three different supporting cell types in the hemicochlea preparation of hearing mice to measure purinergic receptor-mediated Ca(2+) signaling in pillar, Deiters' and Hensen's cells. Their resting [Ca(2+)]i was determined and compared in the same type of preparation. ATP evoked reversible, repeatable and dose-dependent Ca(2+) transients in all three cell types, showing desensitization. Inhibiting the Ca(2+) signaling of the ionotropic P2X (omission of extracellular Ca(2+)) and metabotropic P2Y purinergic receptors (depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores) revealed the involvement of both receptor types. Detection of P2X2,3,4,6,7 and P2Y1,2,6,12,14 receptor mRNAs by RT-PCR supported this finding and antagonism by PPADS suggested different functional purinergic receptor population in pillar versus Deiters' and Hensen's cells. The sum of the extra- and intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent components of the response was about equal with the control ATP response (linear additivity) in pillar cells, and showed supralinearity in Deiters' and Hensen's cells. Calcium-induced calcium release might explain this synergistic interaction. The more pronounced Ca(2+) leak from the endoplasmic reticulum in Deiters' and Hensen's cells, unmasked by cyclopiazonic acid, may also suggests the higher activity of the internal stores in Ca(2+) signaling in these cells. Differences in Ca(2+) homeostasis and ATP-induced Ca(2+) signaling might reflect the distinct roles these cells play in cochlear function and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Horváth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - G Polony
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Á Fekete
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Aller
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary.,Computational Cognitive Neuroimaging Laboratory, Computational Neuroscience and Cognitive Robotics Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - G Halmos
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Lendvai
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Heinrich
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Sperlágh
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E S Vizi
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Zelles
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary. .,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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28
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Stawicki TM, Owens KN, Linbo T, Reinhart KE, Rubel EW, Raible DW. The zebrafish merovingian mutant reveals a role for pH regulation in hair cell toxicity and function. Dis Model Mech 2015; 7:847-56. [PMID: 24973752 PMCID: PMC4073274 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.016576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of the extracellular environment of inner ear hair cells by ionic transporters is crucial for hair cell function. In addition to inner ear hair cells, aquatic vertebrates have hair cells on the surface of their body in the lateral line system. The ionic environment of these cells also appears to be regulated, although the mechanisms of this regulation are less understood than those of the mammalian inner ear. We identified the merovingian mutant through genetic screening in zebrafish for genes involved in drug-induced hair cell death. Mutants show complete resistance to neomycin-induced hair cell death and partial resistance to cisplatin-induced hair cell death. This resistance is probably due to impaired drug uptake as a result of reduced mechanotransduction ability, suggesting that the mutants have defects in hair cell function independent of drug treatment. Through genetic mapping we found that merovingian mutants contain a mutation in the transcription factor gcm2. This gene is important for the production of ionocytes, which are cells crucial for whole body pH regulation in fish. We found that merovingian mutants showed an acidified extracellular environment in the vicinity of both inner ear and lateral line hair cells. We believe that this acidified extracellular environment is responsible for the defects seen in hair cells of merovingian mutants, and that these mutants would serve as a valuable model for further study of the role of pH in hair cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara M Stawicki
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kelly N Owens
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Tor Linbo
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Katherine E Reinhart
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Edwin W Rubel
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David W Raible
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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29
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Sudden sensorineural hearing loss and polymorphisms in iron homeostasis genes: new insights from a case-control study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:834736. [PMID: 25789325 PMCID: PMC4348611 DOI: 10.1155/2015/834736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background. Even if various pathophysiological events have been proposed as explanations, the putative cause of sudden hearing loss remains unclear. Objectives. To investigate and to reveal associations (if any) between the main iron-related gene variants and idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Study Design. Case-control study. Materials and Methods. A total of 200 sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients (median age 63.65 years; range 10-92) were compared with 400 healthy control subjects. The following genetic variants were investigated: the polymorphism c.-8CG in the promoter of the ferroportin gene (FPN1; SLC40A1), the two isoforms C1 and C2 (p.P570S) of the transferrin protein (TF), the amino acidic substitutions p.H63D and p.C282Y in the hereditary hemochromatosis protein (HFE), and the polymorphism c.-582AG in the promoter of the HEPC gene, which encodes the protein hepcidin (HAMP). Results. The homozygous genotype c.-8GG of the SLC40A1 gene revealed an OR for ISSNHL risk of 4.27 (CI 95%, 2.65-6.89; P = 0.001), being overrepresented among cases. Conclusions. Our study indicates that the homozygous genotype FPN1 -8GG was significantly associated with increased risk of developing sudden hearing loss. These findings suggest new research should be conducted in the field of iron homeostasis in the inner ear.
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30
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Chatterjee S, Fisher AB. Mechanotransduction in the endothelium: role of membrane proteins and reactive oxygen species in sensing, transduction, and transmission of the signal with altered blood flow. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:899-913. [PMID: 24328670 PMCID: PMC3924805 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Changes in shear stress associated with alterations in blood flow initiate a signaling cascade that modulates the vascular phenotype. Shear stress is "sensed" by the endothelium via a mechanosensitive complex on the endothelial cell (EC) membrane that has been characterized as a "mechanosome" consisting of caveolae, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, and possibly other elements. This shear signal is transduced by cell membrane ion channels and various kinases and results in the activation of NADPH oxidase (type 2) with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). RECENT ADVANCES The signaling cascade associated with stop of shear, as would occur in vivo with various obstructive pathologies, leads to cell proliferation and eventual revascularization. CRITICAL ISSUES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Although several elements of mechanosensing such as the sensing event, the transduction, transmission, and reception of the mechanosignal are now reasonably well understood, the links among these discrete steps in the pathway are not clear. Thus, identifying the mechanisms for the interaction of the K(ATP) channel, the kinases, and ROS to drive long-term adaptive responses in ECs is necessary. A critical re-examination of the signaling events associated with complex flow patterns (turbulent, oscillatory) under physiological conditions is also essential for the progress in the field. Since these complex shear patterns may be associated with an atherosclerosis susceptible phenotype, a specific challenge will be the pharmacological modulation of the responses to altered signaling events that occur at specific sites of disturbed or obstructed flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shampa Chatterjee
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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31
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Heckman CA, Plummer HK. Filopodia as sensors. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2298-311. [PMID: 23876793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Filopodia are sensors on both excitable and non-excitable cells. The sensing function is well documented in neurons and blood vessels of adult animals and is obvious during dorsal closure in embryonic development. Nerve cells extend neurites in a bidirectional fashion with growth cones at the tips where filopodia are concentrated. Their sensing of environmental cues underpins the axon's ability to "guide," bypassing non-target cells and moving toward the target to be innervated. This review focuses on the role of filopodia structure and dynamics in the detection of environmental cues, including both the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the surfaces of neighboring cells. Other protrusions including the stereocilia of the inner ear and epididymus, the invertebrate Type I mechanosensors, and the elongated processes connecting osteocytes, share certain principles of organization with the filopodia. Actin bundles, which may be inside or outside of the excitable cell, function to transduce stress from physical perturbations into ion signals. There are different ways of detecting such perturbations. Osteocyte processes contain an actin core and are physically anchored on an extracellular structure by integrins. Some Type I mechanosensors have bridge proteins that anchor microtubules to the membrane, but bundles of actin in accessory cells exert stress on this complex. Hair cells of the inner ear rely on attachments between the actin-based protrusions to activate ion channels, which then transduce signals to afferent neurons. In adherent filopodia, the focal contacts (FCs) integrated with ECM proteins through integrins may regulate integrin-coupled ion channels to achieve signal transduction. Issues that are not understood include the role of Ca(2+) influx in filopodia dynamics and how integrins coordinate or gate signals arising from perturbation of channels by environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Heckman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403-0212, USA.
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32
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Downregulation of Cav1.3 calcium channel expression in the cochlea is associated with age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice. Neuroreport 2013; 24:313-7. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0b013e32835fa79c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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Mammano F. ATP-dependent intercellular Ca2+ signaling in the developing cochlea: facts, fantasies and perspectives. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2012; 24:31-9. [PMID: 23022499 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hearing relies on a sensitive mechanoelectrical transduction process in the cochlea of the inner ear. The cochlea contains sensory, secretory, neural, supporting and epithelial cells which are all essential to the sound transduction process. It is well known that a complex extracellular purinergic signaling system contributes to cochlear homeostasis, altering cochlear sensitivity and neural output via ATP-gated ion channels (P2X receptors) and G protein-coupled P2Y receptors. This review focuses on the emerging roles of ATP that are currently under investigation in the developing sensory epithelium, with particular emphasis on the link between ATP release, Ca(2+) signaling, the expression and function of gap junction proteins connexin26 and connexin30, and the acquisition of hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Mammano
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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