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Sangeeta, Kumar RV, Yadav BK, Bhatt BS, Krishna R, Krishnan N, Karkute SG, Kumar S, Singh B, Singh AK. Diverse begomovirus-betasatellite complexes cause tomato leaf curl disease in the western India. Virus Res 2023; 328:199079. [PMID: 36813240 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
In the Indian sub-continent, tomato leaf curl disease (ToLCD) of tomato caused by begomoviruses has emerged as a major limiting factor for tomato cultivation. Despite the spread of this disease in the western India, a systematic study on the characterization of virus complexes with ToLCD is lacking. Here, we report the identification of a complex of begomoviruses including 19 DNA-A and 4 DNA-B as well as 15 betasatellites with ToLCD in the western part of the country. Additionally, a novel betasatellite and an alphasatellite were also identified. The recombination breakpoints were detected in the cloned begomoviruses and betasatellites. The cloned infectious DNA constructs cause disease on the tomato (a moderately virus-resistant cultivar) plants, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates for these virus complexes. Further, the role of non-cognate DNA B/betasatellite with ToLCD-associated begomoviruses on disease development was demonstrated. It also emphasizes the evolutionary potential of these virus complexes in breaking disease resistance and plausible expansion of its host range. This necessitates to investigate the mechanism of the interaction between resistance breaking virus complexes and the infected host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 030, India; Present address-Department of Science & Technology, Gujarat Council of Science & Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 011, India
| | - R Vinoth Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science & Humanities, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 089, India
| | - Brijesh K Yadav
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 030, India; Faculty of Education and Methodology, Jayoti Vidyapeeth Women's University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303 122, India
| | - Bhavin S Bhatt
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 030, India; Faculty of Science, Sarvajanik University, Surat, Gujarat 395 001, India
| | - Ram Krishna
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 305, India
| | - Nagendran Krishnan
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 305, India
| | - Suhas G Karkute
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 305, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 305, India
| | - Bijendra Singh
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 305, India
| | - Achuit K Singh
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 305, India.
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Lestari SM, Hidayat SH, Hidayat P, Kil EJ, Lee S, Kim SM, Lee KY. Identification of begomoviruses associated with the insect vector Bemisia tabaci and various host plants on Java Island, Indonesia. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 112:e21984. [PMID: 36397643 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses are economically important plant viruses and are transmitted by Bemisia tabaci which is a complex of various cryptic species. However, it is uncertain whether most begomoviruses that infect host plants are transmitted by B. tabaci at a similar rate. We compared the begomovirus profiles that were detected in a total of 37 whitefly populations and 52 host plants on Java Island, Indonesia. Seven begomovirus species were detected in B. tabaci at different rates: pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV, 56.8%), tomato yellow leaf curl Kanchanaburi virus (TYLCKaV, 46.0%), tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV, 21.6%), squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV, 21.6%), ageratum yellow vein China virus (AYVCNV, 2.7%), mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV, 2.7%), and okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCuV, 2.7%). The begomoviruses were detected at different rates in three cryptic species of B. tabaci. In addition, six begomovirus species were detected in the various host plants at different rates: PepYLCIV (67.3%), TYLCKaV (53.9%), ToLCNDV (13.5%), MYMIV (11.5%), AYVCNV (3.9%), and Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV) (1.9%). By comparing the virus presence between whiteflies and plants, five begomoviruses (AYVCNV, MYMIV, PepYLCIV, ToLCNDV, and TYLCKaV) were detected in both samples, but their sequence similarity was highly variable depending on the begomovirus themselves; TYLCKaV was highest (99.4%-100%) than any other viruses. Our study suggests B. tabaci acquire begomoviruses at different rates from plants. This study provides important information on the potential variation in the begomovirus transmission mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanti M Lestari
- Division of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sri H Hidayat
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Purnama Hidayat
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Kim
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
- Division of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Institute of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Quantum Bio Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Gunwi, Korea
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Sattar MN, Khurshid M, El-Beltagi HS, Iqbal Z. Identification and estimation of sequence variation dynamics of Tomato Leaf curl Palampur virus and betasatellite complex infecting a new weed host. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2112911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem Sattar
- Central Laboratories, Department of Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khurshid
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Central Laboratories, Department of Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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AlHudaib KA, Almaghasla MI, El-Ganainy SM, Arshad M, Drou N, Sattar MN. High-Throughput Sequencing Identified Distinct Bipartite and Monopartite Begomovirus Variants Associated with DNA-Satellites from Tomato and Muskmelon Plants in Saudi Arabia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:6. [PMID: 36616136 PMCID: PMC9824426 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The studies on the prevalence and genetic diversity of begomoviruses in Saudi Arabia are minimal. In this study, field-grown symptomatic tomato and muskmelon plants were collected, and initially, begomovirus infection was confirmed by the core coat protein sequences. Four tomato and two muskmelon plants with viral infections were further evaluated for Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and twelve sequences (2.7-2.8 kb) equivalent to the full-length DNA-A or DNA-B components of begomoviruses were obtained along with eight sequences (~1.3-1.4 kb) equivalent to the begomovirus-associated DNA-satellite components. Four begomovirus sequences obtained from tomato plants were variants of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) with nt sequence identities of 95.3-100%. Additionally, two tomato plants showed a mixed infection of TYLCV and cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGeV), okra yellow crinkle Cameroon alphasatellite (OYCrCMA), and okra leaf curl Oman betasatellite (OLCuOMB). Meanwhile, from muskmelon plants, two sequences were closely related (99-99.6%) to the tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV) DNA-A, whereas two other sequences showed 97.9-100% sequence identities to DNA-B of ToLCPalV, respectively. Complete genome sequences of CLCuGeV and associated DNA-satellites were also obtained from these muskmelon plants. The nt sequence identities of the CLCuGeV, OYCrCMA, and OLCuOMB isolates obtained were 98.3-100%, 99.5-100%, and 95.6-99.7% with their respective available variants. The recombination was only detected in TYLCV and OLCuOMB isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first identification of a mixed infection of bipartite and monopartite begomoviruses associated with DNA-satellites from tomato and muskmelon in Saudi Arabia. The begomovirus variants reported in this study were clustered with Iranian isolates of respective begomovirus components in the phylogenetic dendrogram. Thus, the Iranian agroecological route can be a possible introduction of these begomoviruses and/or their associated DNA-satellites into Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A. AlHudaib
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Pests and Plant Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa I. Almaghasla
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Pests and Plant Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif M. El-Ganainy
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Bioinformatics Core, Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nizar Drou
- Bioinformatics Core, Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad N. Sattar
- Central Laboratories, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Chen YJ, Lai HC, Lin CC, Neoh ZY, Tsai WS. Genetic Diversity, Pathogenicity and Pseudorecombination of Cucurbit-Infecting Begomoviruses in Malaysia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2396. [PMID: 34834759 PMCID: PMC8624487 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbits are important crops in the world. However, leaf curl disease constrains their production. Here, begomovirus diversity and pathogenicity associated with the disease in Malaysia were studied based on 49 begomovirus-detected out of 69 symptomatic plants from seven cucurbit crops in 15 locations during 2016 and 2017. The presence of Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV) and Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) were confirmed by virus detection by polymerase chain reaction, viral DNA sequence analysis and specific detection of the viral components. ToLCNDV Malaysian isolates were further distinguished into strains A, B, C and D. Virus co-infection was detected in bitter gourd, bottle gourd and squash. Among them, eight bitter gourd samples were detected without SLCCNV DNA-A. However, one bottle gourd and five squash samples were without ToLCNDV DNA-B. Pseudorecombination of ToLCNDV DNA-A and SLCCNV DNA-B was detected in two bitter gourd samples. The pathogenic viruses and pseudorecombinants were confirmed by agroinoculation. The viral DNA-B influencing on symptomology and host range was also confirmed. The results strengthen the epidemic of cucurbit-infecting begomovirus in Malaysia as well as Southeast Asia. Especially, the natural pseudorecombinant of begomovirus that extends host range and causes severe symptom implies a threat to crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jeng Chen
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600355, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (H.-C.L.); (Z.Y.N.)
| | - Hsuan-Chun Lai
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600355, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (H.-C.L.); (Z.Y.N.)
| | | | - Zhuan Yi Neoh
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600355, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (H.-C.L.); (Z.Y.N.)
| | - Wen-Shi Tsai
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600355, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (H.-C.L.); (Z.Y.N.)
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Mohammed D, Adhab M, Al-Kuwaiti N. Molecular characterization of viruses associated to leaf curl disease complex on zucchini squash in Iraq reveals Deng primer set could distinguish between New and Old World Begomoviruses. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20210050. [PMID: 34730743 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120210050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of begomoviruses has led to significant losses in vegetable production in the recent years. Squash leaf curl disease (SqLCD) is caused by begomoviruses, and the infected plants show leaf curl symptoms on zucchini squash. In this study, we characterized the begomoviruses responsible for SqLCD symptoms and economic losses in zucchini major growing area near Baghdad and Babylon provinces. PCR amplification was performed to screen for begomovirus infection using Deng (a begomovirus specific) primer set. Sequence comparison confirmed the detection of two begomoviruses; Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPMV) and Squash leaf curl virus (SLCuV), in symptomatic zucchini samples when shared 99.14 and 99.50% maximum nucleotide (nt) identities with coat protein CP gene, respectively. All samples collected from Baghdad/Al-Jadriya were ToLCPMV infected while those collected from Babylon/Jibela were SLCuV infected. Moreover, mixed infection of the two viruses was detected in all zucchini squash samples collected from Baghdad/Yusufiyah. Evidence is provided here of the relevance of the wild species Malva neglecta and Datura stramonium as reservoir of begomoviruses that cause epedemics of leaf curl disease in zucchini squash in Iraq. Neighbor joining (NJ) Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the relatedness when diverged virus sequences in separated groups based on CP gene. The high nt identity suggests the two begomoviruses may recently be introduced to Iraq and could be a serious threatening to squash cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Mohammed
- University of Baghdad, Plant Protection Department, Al-Jadriya, 10071, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mustafa Adhab
- University of Baghdad, Plant Protection Department, Al-Jadriya, 10071, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nawres Al-Kuwaiti
- University of Baghdad, Plant Protection Department, Al-Jadriya, 10071, Baghdad, Iraq
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Construction of Infectious Clones of Begomoviruses: Strategies, Techniques and Applications. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070604. [PMID: 34209952 PMCID: PMC8301103 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Begomovirus has a wide host range and threatens a significant amount of economic damage to many important crops such as tomatoes, beans, cassava, squash and cotton. There are many efforts directed at controlling this disease including the use of insecticides to control the insect vector as well as screening the resistant varieties. The use of synthetic virus or infectious clones approaches has allowed plant virologists to characterize and exploit the genome virus at the molecular and biological levels. By exploiting the DNA of the virus using the infectious clones strategy, the viral genome can be manipulated at specific regions to study functional genes for host–virus interactions. Thus, this review will provide an overview of the strategy to construct infectious clones of Begomovirus. The significance of established infectious clones in Begomovirus study will also be discussed. Abstract Begomovirus has become a potential threat to the agriculture sector. It causes significant losses to several economically important crops. Given this considerable loss, the development of tools to study viral genomes and function is needed. Infectious clones approaches and applications have allowed the direct exploitation of virus genomes. Infectious clones of DNA viruses are the critical instrument for functional characterization of the notable and newly discovered virus. Understanding of structure and composition of viruses has contributed to the evolution of molecular plant pathology. Therefore, this review provides extensive guidelines on the strategy to construct infectious clones of Begomovirus. Also, this technique’s impacts and benefits in controlling and understanding the Begomovirus infection will be discussed.
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Jeevalatha A, Vanishree G, Siddappa S, Kumar R, Kaundal P, Kumar A, Chakrabarti SK. Molecular characterization and infectivity analysis of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus isolates infecting potato. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:203. [PMID: 33927993 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide sequence of complete genome of a new isolate (KAN-6) of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) from Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India was determined. Sequence analysis indicated that it shared maximum identity to ToLCNDV isolates from pumpkin and ashgourd. Infectious clones of isolate KAN-6 along with two other ToLCNDV isolates (MOD-21 & FAI-19) obtained from potato fields of Modipuram and Faizabad, India were produced and used in symptom expression studies in N. benthamiana and potato plants through agro-inoculation. These isolates produced different symptoms both in N. benthamiana and potato. Severe symptoms of yellow mottling, downward curling and stunted growth were observed in N. benthamiana plants inoculated with KAN-6. MOD-21-inoculated plants also showed downward curling, stunted growth, but yellow mottling was observed only in older leaves whereas FAI-19-inoculated plants produced only downward curling symptoms. In case of potato, typical symptoms of apical leaf curl disease were observed in cultivar Kufri Pukhraj inoculated with MOD-21 and KAN-6 that are similar to those produced by virus-infected plants in the field. However, MOD-21 produced more prominent yellow mosaic symptoms as compared to KAN-6. FAI-19 produced only restricted yellow spots in Kufri Pukhraj. Only mild symptoms appeared in KAN-6 and no symptoms were observed in MOD-21- and FAI-19-inoculated Kufri Bahar plants which is known to show lowest seed degeneration under field conditions. Analysis of genomic components indicated that these isolates had 94.8-94.9% and 87.9-97.3% identity among them in DNA A and DNA B, respectively. The results of the study indicate the association of ToLCNDV isolates of different symptomatology with apical leaf curl disease of potato. This is also a first experimental demonstration of Koch's postulate for a begomovirus associated with apical leaf curl disease of potato.Author names: Please confirm if the author names (Swarup Kumar Chakrabarti) are presented accurately and in the correct sequence (given name, middle name/initial, family name).Yes. It is correct. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02752-5.
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Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of tomato leaf curl Palampur virus, a bipartite begomovirus, associated with Cucumis sativus L. in Pakistan. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:204. [PMID: 31139535 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf samples of Cucumis Sativus L. (C. sativus) (Family; Cucurbitaceae) showing vein thickening, mild leaf curling and leaf enations were collected from the farmer's field. Amplification of the full-length viral molecules was performed through rolling circle amplification (RCA). Cloning of the full-length viral molecules was done through standard cloning procedure followed by sequencing. Sequence similarity analysis and phylogenetic studies showed that the virus associated with leaf curling and enations in C. sativus was a bipartite begomovirus, where DNA-A and DNA-B showed highest nucleotide sequence homology of 98% and 97% to tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPMV) from India. Attempts to isolate betasatellites and alphasatellites through PCR using RCA product as template, did not result in any amplification. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree grouped DNA-A and B components with other isolates from India. SDT was used to find the pairwise identity scores of different sequences of ToLCPMV present in the database. Phylogenetic analysis showed that sequences of ToLCPMV DNA-A and B components in this study share high degree of homology with existing viruses and are isolates of ToLCPMV-India. Infectious molecules of both components (Accessions, MG252783 and MG252784, respectively) were constructed for infectivity analysis to fulfill the Koch's postulate. Infectivity analysis revealed that ToLCPMV DNA-A is infectious to model host plant Nicotiana benthamiana and viral accumulation was confirmed through Southern blot analysis. Accumulation of DNA-B was confirmed through PCR. Infectivity analysis was also conducted using the original host, C. sativus, but plants were unable to survive the agroinoculation. To our knowledge this is the first report of ToLCPMV associated with C. sativus L. in Pakistan.
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Islam W, Lin W, Islam SU, Arif M, Li X, Yang Y, Ding X, Du Z, Wu Z. Genetic diversity of begomoviruses in Pakistan captured through a vector based survey. Microb Pathog 2018; 118:91-97. [PMID: 29548695 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Begomoviruses (Geminiviridea), transmitted by whiteflies, constitute one of the most dangerous groups of plant viruses posing a severe threat to economically important crops in tropical and sub-tropical areas. In this study, whiteflies were collected from various locations all over Pakistan. The begomoviruses carried by these whiteflies were detected by PCR with the degenerative primers pair AV94/Dep3. Analysis of the 177 sequences obtained in our study, revealed 14 distinct begomovirus species, including five which were not previously reported in this country. Putative novel strains of Corchorus yellow vein virus (CoYVV) and Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) showing less than 90% identity with the previously available taxa were also identified. The greatest number of begomoviruses per single site was detected in Sindh province, where up to five different begomovirus species were identified from the same cropping field. Moreover, Cotton leaf curl Multan virus - Rajasthan (CLCuMuV-Ra) was found prevalent in all the cotton growing areas. The data reported here may be useful in the development of control measures against begomoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; Govt. of Punjab, Agriculture Department, Lahore, Pakistan; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenzhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Saif Ul Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Muhammad Arif
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yunyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinlun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhenguo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Zujian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Roshan P, Kulshreshtha A, Kumar S, Purohit R, Hallan V. AV2 protein of tomato leaf curl Palampur virus promotes systemic necrosis in Nicotiana benthamiana and interacts with host Catalase2. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1273. [PMID: 29352245 PMCID: PMC5775426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV) is a whitefly-transmitted, bipartite begomovirus. Here, we demonstrated that ectopic expression of AV2 from a Potato virus X (PVX)-based vector accelerated systemic necrosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana. Furthermore, 10 amino acids from N-terminal region of AV2 were found to be associated with the systemic necrosis symptom/phenotype. Mutational studies of ToLCPalV infectious clones lacking the AV2 revealed that AV2 is essential for the systemic movement of DNA-A, symptom severity and viral DNA accumulation. In a yeast two-hybrid assay, Catalase2 (Cat2) was found to associate with AV2 protein. Further, silencing of Cat2 resulted in appearance of necrotic lesions on N. benthamiana and these plants were highly susceptible to ToLCPalV infection in comparison to control plants. Infection ToLCPalV on Solanum lycopersicum resulted in downregulation of Cat2 transcripts, followed by accumulation of ROS and stress marker transcripts. The AV2 protein also suppressed virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of the Phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene. Our results show that AV2 is essential for the pathogenicity, systemic movement and suppression of gene silencing in the host. Altogether, our findings suggest that interactions between AV2 and Cat2 might play a crucial role in the establishment of ToLCPalV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Roshan
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT) Campus, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
- Plant Virology Lab, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Aditya Kulshreshtha
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT) Campus, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
- Plant Virology Lab, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Surender Kumar
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT) Campus, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
- Plant Virology Lab, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT) Campus, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
- Biotechnology division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Vipin Hallan
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT) Campus, Palampur, HP, 176061, India.
- Plant Virology Lab, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India.
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Zaidi SS, Martin DP, Amin I, Farooq M, Mansoor S. Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus: a widespread bipartite begomovirus in the territory of monopartite begomoviruses. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2017; 18:901-911. [PMID: 27553982 PMCID: PMC6638225 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is an exceptional Old World bipartite begomovirus. On the Indian subcontinent, a region in which monopartite DNA satellite-associated begomoviruses with mostly narrow geographical ranges predominate, it is widespread, with a geographical range also including the Far East, Middle East, North Africa and Europe. The success of ToLCNDV probably derives from its broad host range and highly flexible genomic configuration: its DNA-A component is capable of productively interacting with, and trans-replicating, diverse DNA-B components and betasatellites. An understanding of the capacity of ToLCNDV to infect a variety of hosts and spread across a broad and ecologically variable geographical range could illuminate the potential economic threats associated with similar begomoviral invasions. Towards this end, we used available ToLCNDV sequences to reconstruct the history of ToLCNDV spread. TAXONOMY Family Geminiviridae, Genus Begomovirus. ToLCNDV is a bipartite begomovirus. Following the revised begomovirus taxonomic criteria of 91% and 94% nucleotide identity for species and strain demarcation, respectively, ToLCNDV is a distinct species with two strains: ToLCNDV and ToLCNDV-Spain. HOST RANGE The primary cultivated host of ToLCNDV is tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), but the virus is also known to infect 43 other plant species from a range of families, including Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Solanaceae, Malvaceae and Fabaceae. DISEASE SYMPTOMS Typical symptoms of ToLCNDV infection in its various hosts include leaf curling, vein thickening, puckering, purpling/darkening of leaf margins, leaf area reduction, internode shortening and severe stunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shan‐E‐Ali Zaidi
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringJhang RoadFaisalabad. PO Box 577, Pakistan
| | - Darren P. Martin
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Division of Computational BiologyUniversity of Cape TownAnzio RdObservatoryCape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Imran Amin
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringJhang RoadFaisalabad. PO Box 577, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringJhang RoadFaisalabad. PO Box 577, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringJhang RoadFaisalabad. PO Box 577, Pakistan
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Zaidi SSEA, Shafiq M, Amin I, Scheffler BE, Scheffler JA, Briddon RW, Mansoor S. Frequent Occurrence of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus in Cotton Leaf Curl Disease Affected Cotton in Pakistan. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155520. [PMID: 27213535 PMCID: PMC4877078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is the major biotic constraint to cotton production on the Indian subcontinent, and is caused by monopartite begomoviruses accompanied by a specific DNA satellite, Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB). Since the breakdown of resistance against CLCuD in 2001/2002, only one virus, the "Burewala" strain of Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKoV-Bur), and a recombinant form of CLCuMB have consistently been identified in cotton across the major cotton growing areas of Pakistan. Unusually a bipartite isolate of the begomovirus Tomato leaf curl virus was identified in CLCuD-affected cotton recently. In the study described here we isolated the bipartite begomovirus Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) from CLCuD-affected cotton. To assess the frequency and geographic occurrence of ToLCNDV in cotton, CLCuD-symptomatic cotton plants were collected from across the Punjab and Sindh provinces between 2013 and 2015. Analysis of the plants by diagnostic PCR showed the presence of CLCuKoV-Bur in all 31 plants examined and ToLCNDV in 20 of the samples. Additionally, a quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the levels of the two viruses in co-infected plants suggests that coinfection of ToLCNDV with the CLCuKoV-Bur/CLCuMB complex leads to an increase in the levels of CLCuMB, which encodes the major pathogenicity (symptom) determinant of the complex. The significance of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shan-e-Ali Zaidi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, P O Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, P O Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Amin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, P O Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Brian E. Scheffler
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Rd., Stoneville, Mississippi, 38776, United States of America
| | - Jodi A. Scheffler
- Crop Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Stoneville, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Rob W. Briddon
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, P O Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, P O Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Esmaeili M, Heydarnejad J, Massumi H, Varsani A. Analysis of watermelon chlorotic stunt virus and tomato leaf curl Palampur virus mixed and pseudo-recombination infections. Virus Genes 2015; 51:408-16. [PMID: 26433951 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-015-1250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) and tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPMV) are limiting factors for cucurbit production in south and southeastern Iran. ToLCPMV infects all cucurbit crops (except watermelons) whereas WmCSV is somewhat limited to watermelon, causing detrimental effects on fruit production. In a survey, we detected WmCSV in all watermelon growing farms in Fars province (southern Iran). Given that WmCSV and ToLCPMV are present in the same geographical location in Iran, we studied the interaction of two viruses. Co-infection using agroinfectious clones of WmCSV and ToLCPMV caused severe symptoms in watermelon and zucchini in comparison to symptoms observed from individual infections. Interestingly, inoculation of zucchini with WmCSV DNA-A and ToLCPMV DNA-B agroinfectious clones or vice versa produced a viable pseudo-recombinant and induced systemic symptoms. This demonstrates that replication-associated protein of DNA-A of each virus is able to bind to cis elements of the DNA-B molecules of another virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Esmaeili
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Jahangir Heydarnejad
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hossain Massumi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arvind Varsani
- Structural Biology Research Unit, Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa.,Department of Plant Pathology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, and Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
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Kanakala S, Jyothsna P, Shukla R, Tiwari N, Veer BS, Swarnalatha P, Krishnareddy M, Malathi VG. Asymmetric synergism and heteroencapsidation between two bipartite begomoviruses, tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus and tomato leaf curl Palampur virus. Virus Res 2013; 174:126-36. [PMID: 23578824 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Kanakala
- Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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