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Kaur T, Upadhyay J, Nandave M, Alsayari A, Alshehri SA, Pukale S, Wahab S, Ahmad W, Rashid S, Ansari MN. Exploring progress in iron supplement formulation approaches for treating iron deficiency anemia through bibliometric and thematic analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29058. [PMID: 38623202 PMCID: PMC11016621 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Anemia is a severe health issue that affects around one-third of the global population. Therefore, the present study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to investigate the research trends regarding advancements on iron formulations in treating iron deficiency anemia via oral or parenteral route. This study adopts thematic and bibliometric methods on existing research on novel iron formulations. It also provides perspective into the existing understanding on treatment strategies for iron deficiency anemia. This study is conducted on 543 papers on various ferrous and ferric formulations used in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. The study period is from 1977 to 2022, and the papers are identified from the Scopus database. The bibliometric analysis was carried out using the R tool's Bibliometrix package. The study discusses performance analysis, including annual publications, geographic analysis, relevant affiliations, journal analysis, and citation analysis. In addition, the conceptual structure, including the co-occurrence network, thematic map, thematic evolution, intellectual structure highlighting co-citation analysis, and social structure depicting the collaboration network and collaboration world map, are presented. The results showed increased research on formulation strategies for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia from 2010 onwards. The top 5 contributing countries are the USA, Italy, India, Germany, and the UK, and peer-reviewed journals from the area of nutrition. The most trending areas of study are iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy, chronic kidney diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, and various intravenous formulations used in its treatment. The authors from Europe collaborate the most with authors from other countries. The study concludes that a safer and more effective iron formulation is needed to reduce the prevalence of anemia. The findings of the study are helpful in advancing research on innovative formulations for treating iron deficiency anemia. The insights from the study are helpful to policymakers in designing specific health policies and investing more in research and development of novel formulations for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarnjot Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Bidholi Campus, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jyoti Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Bidholi Campus, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mukesh Nandave
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sudeep Pukale
- Lupin Research Park, Nande, Maharashtra 412115, India
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Lynch KT, Hassinger TE. Preoperative Identification and Management of Anemia in the Colorectal Surgery Patient. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2023; 36:161-166. [PMID: 37113284 PMCID: PMC10125282 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1760868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative anemia is a common finding in patients undergoing colorectal surgery, particularly those with cancer. While often multifactorial, iron deficiency anemia remains the most common cause of anemia in this patient population. Although seemingly innocuous, preoperative anemia is associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications and need for allogenic blood transfusions, both of which may worsen cancer-specific survival. Preoperative correction of anemia and iron deficiency is thus necessary to diminish these risks. Current literature supports preoperative screening for anemia and iron deficiency in patients slated to undergo colorectal surgery for malignancy or for benign conditions with associated patient- or procedure-related risk factors. Accepted treatment regimens include iron supplementation-either oral or intravenous-as well as erythropoietin therapy. Autologous blood transfusion should not be utilized as a treatment for preoperative anemia when there is time to implement other corrective strategies. Additional study is still needed to better standardize preoperative screening and optimize treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T. Lynch
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Taryn E. Hassinger
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Lo JO, Benson AE, Martens K, Hedges MA, McMurry HS, DeLoughery T, Aslan JE, Shatzel JJ. The role of oral iron in the treatment of adults with iron deficiency. Eur J Haematol 2023; 110:123-130. [PMID: 36336470 PMCID: PMC9949769 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world, affecting over 20% of premenopausal women worldwide. Oral iron supplementation is often the first-line treatment for the acute and chronic management of iron deficiency due to its ease and accessibility. However, there is no consensus on the optimal formulation or dosing strategy, or which patients should be preferentially treated with intravenous iron. Management of iron deficiency is complicated by the hepcidin-ferroportin iron regulatory pathway, which has evolved to prevent iron overload and thereby creates an inherent limit on gastrointestinal iron uptake and efficacy of oral iron. Unabsorbed iron propagates many of the side effects that complicate oral iron use including dyspepsia and constipation, all of which can thus be exacerbated by excessive oral iron doses. Daily low dose and every other day dosing protocols have attempted to bypass this physiologic bottleneck to allow for effective absorption and limit side effects; however, this approach has still resulted in low fractional iron absorption. In the following manuscript, we review the pathophysiology of iron absorption and current evidence for various preparations of oral iron. Lastly, we highlight opportunities for further study to advance the care of individuals affected by iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie O Lo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Ashley E. Benson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Kylee Martens
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Madeline A. Hedges
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Hannah Stowe McMurry
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Thomas DeLoughery
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Joseph E. Aslan
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Joseph J. Shatzel
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, OR USA
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Jain AK, Vare S, Sircar S, Joshi AD, Jain D. Impact of iron deficiency anemia on quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay K. Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology Choithram Hospital and Research Centre Indore India
| | - Sandip Vare
- Department of Gastroenterology Choithram Hospital and Research Centre Indore India
| | - Shohini Sircar
- Department of Gastroenterology Choithram Hospital and Research Centre Indore India
| | - Amit D. Joshi
- Department of Gastroenterology Choithram Hospital and Research Centre Indore India
| | - Deepika Jain
- Department of Biostatistics Choithram Hospital and Research Centre Indore India
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Zeng RZ, Lv XD, Liu GF, Gu GL, Li SQ, Chen L, Fan JH, Liang ZL, Wang HQ, Lu F, Zhan LL, Lv XP. The Correlation Between MYO9B Gene Polymorphism and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Guangxi Zhuang Population. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:9163-9172. [PMID: 34880655 PMCID: PMC8646109 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s338142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the correlation between site rs962917 of the MYO9B gene and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Guangxi Zhuang nationality population. Methods The intestinal mucosa tissue of 153 IBD subjects (Han and Zhuang patients only) in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region comprised the case group, and the intestinal mucosa tissue of 155 healthy subjects (Han and Zhuang patients only) in the same region represented the control group. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from the intestinal mucosa tissue of each experimental group, and the MYO9B gene-target fragment containing the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site rs962917 was designed. Finally, polymerase chain reaction products were obtained by amplification, analyzed, and compared using the sequencing results. Results The results indicated that the genotype frequency of the MYO9B SNP site rs962917 between Crohn’s disease (CD) and control groups of Zhuang and Han participants differed significantly (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the genotype frequency of MYO9B site rs962917 differed significantly between the Zhuang and Han population groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Site rs962917 of the MYO9B gene is related to CD susceptibility and incidence among the Guangxi Zhuang population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhi Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dan Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng-Feng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Li Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Quan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hua Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Liang Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Qin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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DeLoughery TG. Safety of Oral and Intravenous Iron. Acta Haematol 2019; 142:8-12. [PMID: 30970354 DOI: 10.1159/000496966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As the adverse effects of iron deficiency are better recognized, the use of oral and intravenous iron has increased dramatically. Oral iron is often poorly tolerated, with up to 70% or more of patients noting gastrointestinal issues; this may affect adherence to therapy. In addition, many patients will not respond to oral iron due to their underlying illness. Intravenous iron is being used more frequently to replete iron stores. True anaphylaxis is very rare, but complement-mediated infusion reactions may be seen in up to 1 in every 200 patients. Previous concerns about intravenous iron increasing the risk of infection or cardiovascular disease are unfounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G DeLoughery
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA,
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Horniblow RD, Mistry P, Quraishi MN, Beggs AD, Van de Wiele T, Iqbal TH, Tselepis C. The Safety and Tolerability of a Potential Alginate-Based Iron Chelator; Results of A Healthy Participant Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E674. [PMID: 30901846 PMCID: PMC6471009 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence supporting the ferro-toxic nature of iron in the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming well established. A microbial dysbiosis is observed in IBD patients, and intra-luminal colonic-iron is able to support a more pathogenic community of bacteria; whether this is attributed to the development of IBD and how iron could be mediating these microbial changes is still unknown. Dietary fibres are commonly used in pre-biotic supplements to beneficially affect the host by improving the viability of bacterial communities within the colon. Alginates are a class of biopolymers considered as prebiotics due to their fibre-like composition and are able to bind metal cations, in particular, iron. Considering that iron excess is able to negatively alter the microbiome, the use of alginate as a food supplement could be useful in colonic-iron chelation. As such, this first-in-man study aimed to assess whether the use of alginate as a dietary iron chelator was both safe and well tolerated. In addition, the impact of alginate on the microbiome and iron levels was assessed by using an intestinal model SHIME (Simulation of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem). Alginate was supplemented into the diets (3 g/day) of healthy volunteers (n = 17) for 28 days. Results from this study suggest that daily ingestion of 3 g alginate was well tolerated with very minor side effects. There were no detrimental changes in a variety of haematological parameters or the intestinal microbiome. The bacterial communities within the SHIME model were also not influenced by iron and or alginate; it is possible that alginate may be susceptible to bacterial or enzymatic degradation within the gastro-intestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Horniblow
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Pritesh Mistry
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
| | - Mohammed N Quraishi
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
- The University of Birmingham Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Andrew D Beggs
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Tariq H Iqbal
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
- The University of Birmingham Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Chris Tselepis
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Iron Treatment May Be Difficult in Inflammatory Diseases: Inflammatory Bowel Disease as a Paradigm. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121959. [PMID: 30544934 PMCID: PMC6316243 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron plays a key role in many physiological processes; cells need a very exact quantity of iron. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, anaemia is a unique example of multifactorial origins, frequently being the result of a combination of iron deficiency and anaemia of chronic disease. The main cause of iron deficiency is the activity of the disease. Therefore, the first aim should be to reach complete clinical remission. The iron supplementation route should be determined according to symptoms, severity of anaemia and taking into account comorbidities and individual risks. Oral iron can only be used in patients with mild anaemia, whose disease is inactive and who have not been previously intolerant to oral iron. Intravenous iron should be the first line treatment in patients with moderate-severe anaemia, in patients with active disease, in patients with poor tolerance to oral iron and when erythropoietin agents or a fast response is needed. Erythropoietin is used in a few patients with anaemia to overcome functional iron deficiency, and blood transfusion is being restricted to refractory cases or acute life-threatening situations.
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Stein J, Aksan A, Farrag K, Dignass A, Radeke HH. Management of inflammatory bowel disease-related anemia and iron deficiency with specific reference to the role of intravenous iron in current practice. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017; 18:1721-1737. [PMID: 29019427 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1391790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anemia is a common extraintestinal manifestation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, impacting disease prognosis, morbidity, hospitalization rates and time lost from work. While iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic inflammation predominate, combinations of hematimetric and biochemical markers facilitate the diagnosis and targeted therapy of other etiologies according to their underlying pathophysiological causes. Intravenous iron replacement is currently recommended in IBD patients with moderate to severe anemia or intolerance to oral iron. Areas covered: This review examines the impact, pathophysiology and diagnostics of iron deficiency and anemia, compares the characteristics and safety profiles of available oral and intravenous iron preparations, and highlights issues which require consideration in decision making for therapy administration and monitoring. Expert opinion: Modern intravenous iron formulations have been shown to be safe and effective in IBD patients, allowing rapid anemia correction and repletion of iron stores. While traditional oral iron preparations are associated with increased inflammation, negative effects on the microbiome, and poor tolerance and compliance, first clinical trial data indicate that newer oral compounds such as ferric maltol and sucrosomial iron offer improved tolerability and may thus offer a viable alternative for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Stein
- a Crohn Colitis Clinical Research Center Rhein-Main , Frankfurt/Main , Germany.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Frankfurt , Frankfurt/Main , Germany.,c Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition , DGD Clinics Sachsenhausen , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
| | - Ayşegül Aksan
- a Crohn Colitis Clinical Research Center Rhein-Main , Frankfurt/Main , Germany.,d Faculty of Health Sciences , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Karima Farrag
- a Crohn Colitis Clinical Research Center Rhein-Main , Frankfurt/Main , Germany.,c Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition , DGD Clinics Sachsenhausen , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
| | - Axel Dignass
- a Crohn Colitis Clinical Research Center Rhein-Main , Frankfurt/Main , Germany.,e Department of Medicine I , Agaplesion Markus Hospital , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
| | - Heinfried H Radeke
- a Crohn Colitis Clinical Research Center Rhein-Main , Frankfurt/Main , Germany.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Frankfurt , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
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Kortman GAM, Reijnders D, Swinkels DW. Oral iron supplementation: Potential implications for the gut microbiome and metabolome in patients with CKD. Hemodial Int 2017; 21 Suppl 1:S28-S36. [PMID: 28328083 DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and loss of kidney function are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality. The risks of CKD are attributed to "uremia," an increased concentration of uremic retention solutes (toxins) in the plasma. Recently, a colo-renal axis became clearly apparent and uremia has been associated with an altered gut microbiome composition and metabolism. There is a high prevalence of anemia in patients with CKD, for which patients are often treated with oral or intravenous iron. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies have reported adverse effects of oral iron supplementation on the gut microbiota composition, gut metabolome, and intestinal health, which in turn may result in an increased production of uremic toxins. It may also affect circulating levels of other microbe-derived molecules, that can act as mediators of immune regulation. Changes in body iron levels have also been reported to exert subtle effects on host immune function by modulating immune cell proliferation and differentiation, and by directly regulating cytokine formation and antimicrobial immune effector mechanisms. Based on the foregoing it is conceivable that oral iron supplementation in iron deficient predialysis CKD patients adversely changes gut microbiota composition, the gut and systemic metabolome, and host immunity and infection. Future studies are needed to confirm these hypotheses and to assess whether, compared to IV iron supplementation, oral iron supplementation negatively impacts on morbidity of CKD, and whether these adverse effects depend on the iron bioavailability of the iron formulation to the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guus A M Kortman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine - Translational Metabolic Laboratory-830, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien Reijnders
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorine W Swinkels
- Department of Laboratory Medicine - Translational Metabolic Laboratory-830, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Gong QF, Tu L, Zhou L, Chen H. Associations between Dietary Factors and Self-Reported Physical Health in Chinese Scientific Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:16060-9. [PMID: 26694441 PMCID: PMC4690977 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121215041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific workers play an important role in the development of science and technology. However, evidence is lacking with regard to the associations between their dietary factors and their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 775 scientific workers from multiple universities and institutes in the Southwest region of China. A self-administered food-frequency questionnaire was used to collect the food consumption information, and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey was used to assess physical HRQOL. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with scientific workers' HRQOL. RESULTS Physical HRQOL was negatively associated with age and intake of fresh pork (fat) and animal viscera, whereas consumption of vegetables, fruits, refined cereals and dairy products were positively correlated with physical HRQOL. Participants with daily intake of vegetable oils or mixed oils showed higher physical HRQOL scores than those with intake of animal oils. CONCLUSIONS Dietary habits are closely associated with the physical HRQOL of scientific workers. The dietary patterns that had more vegetables and fruits, less fresh pork (fat) and animal viscera, and used vegetable oils during cooking corresponded to higher physical HRQOL scores. These findings are important for planning dietary strategies to improve physical health in scientific workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-fen Gong
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Ling Tu
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Kortman GAM, Raffatellu M, Swinkels DW, Tjalsma H. Nutritional iron turned inside out: intestinal stress from a gut microbial perspective. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2014; 38:1202-34. [PMID: 25205464 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is abundantly present on earth, essential for most microorganisms and crucial for human health. Human iron deficiency that is nevertheless highly prevalent in developing regions of the world can be effectively treated by oral iron administration. Accumulating evidence indicates that excess of unabsorbed iron that enters the colonic lumen causes unwanted side effects at the intestinal host-microbiota interface. The chemical properties of iron, the luminal environment and host iron withdrawal mechanisms, especially during inflammation, can turn the intestine in a rather stressful milieu. Certain pathogenic enteric bacteria can, however, deal with this stress at the expense of other members of the gut microbiota, while their virulence also seems to be stimulated in an iron-rich intestinal environment. This review covers the multifaceted aspects of nutritional iron stress with respect to growth, composition, metabolism and pathogenicity of the gut microbiota in relation to human health. We aim to present an unpreceded view on the dynamic effects and impact of oral iron administration on intestinal host-microbiota interactions to provide leads for future research and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guus A M Kortman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) of the Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Gotardo &EMF, Ribeiro GDA, Clemente TRL, Moscato CH, Tomé RBG, Rocha T, Pedrazzoli Jr J, Ribeiro ML, Gambero A. Hepcidin expression in colon during trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:4345-4352. [PMID: 24764672 PMCID: PMC3989970 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i15.4345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate hepcidin expression, interleukin-6 (IL-6) production and iron levels in the rat colon in the presence of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis.
METHODS: In rats, we evaluated the severity of colitis induced by repeated TNBS administration using macroscopic and microscopic scoring systems and myeloperoxidase activity measurements. The colonic levels of hepcidin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-10 and IL-6 were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and hepcidin-25 expression and iron deposition were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and the Prussian blue reaction, respectively. Stat-3 phosphorylation was assessed by Western blot analysis. Hematological parameters, iron and transferrin levels, and transferrin saturation were also measured. Additionally, the ability of iron, pathogen-derived molecules and IL-6 to induce hepcidin expression in HT-29 cells was evaluated.
RESULTS: Repeated TNBS administration to rats resulted in macroscopically and microscopically detectable colon lesions and elevated colonic myeloperoxidase activity. Hepcidin-25 protein levels were increased in colonic surface epithelia in colitic rats (10.2 ± 4.0 pg/mg protein vs 71.0 ± 8.4 pg/mg protein, P < 0.01). Elevated IL-6 levels (8.2 ± 1.7 pg/mg protein vs 14.7 ± 0.7 pg/mg protein, P < 0.05), TNF-α levels (1.8 ± 1.2 pg/mg protein vs 7.4 ± 2.1 pg/mg protein, P < 0.05) and Stat-3 phosphorylation were also observed. Systemic alterations in iron homeostasis, hepcidin levels and anemia were not detected in colitic rats. Iron deposition in the colon was only observed during colitis. Hepcidin gene expression was increased in HT-29 cells after IL-6 and lipopolysaccharide [a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) ligand] treatment. Deferoxamine, ferric citrate and peptidoglycan (a TLR-2 ligand) were unable to alter the in vitro expression of hepcidin in HT-29 cells.
CONCLUSION: Colitis increased local hepcidin-25 expression, which was associated with the IL-6/Stat-3 signaling pathway. An increase in local iron sequestration was also observed, but additional studies are needed to determine whether this sequestration is a defensive or pathological response to intestinal inflammation.
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Alterations of selected iron management parameters and activity in food-restricted female Wistar rats (animal anorexia models). Eat Weight Disord 2014; 19:61-8. [PMID: 24136349 PMCID: PMC3961629 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-013-0078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the influence of food-restricted diets (anorexia models) on iron management and activity of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS 48 rats were divided into 6 groups: 1 control (K) and 5 testing groups (K/2, GI, GII, GIII, GIV). K was fed ad libitum. K/2 received half the portion of the diet of K. The other groups received 100% of the diet eaten by K, but with different models of food restriction: GI-1 day on, 1 day starvation; GII-2 days on, 2 days starvation; GIII-3 days on, 3 days starvation; and GIV-4 days on, 4 days starvation. As a result, all testing groups ate half of the diet consumed by the control group. The concentrations of iron in selected tissues, ferritin, and selected iron management parameters in blood were examined, as well as the animals' activities associated with food craving. RESULTS The animal anorexia models used in this study had a significant influence on the blood concentrations of hemoglobin (p < 0.01), hematocrit (p < 0.05), RBC (p < 0.05), iron levels in liver (p < 0.05), kidney (p < 0.001), and heart (p < 0.05), the serum ferritin concentration (p < 0.001) and the rats activity (p < 0.001); whereas there was no influence on the other parameters. Generally, the statistically negative effects of starvation models on iron management parameters and activity of animals were observed. However, these effects were dependent on the model of anorexia more than on the quantity of food intake. CONCLUSIONS The negative effect of food deprivation on iron deficiency and rat activities were observed in all groups; however, the strongest effect was noticed in those animals subject to chronic starvation. Acute deprivations caused the reduction of activity in the rats, however, chronic starvation caused an increase in the activity of the first phase of the experiment, followed by a decline in the subsequent phase. It is possible that stress and frustration as well as depression may be caused by insufficient food intake, and as a result, by iron deficiency in a diet similar to human anorexia. However, more animal/human comparison studies are necessary.
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Tolkien Z, Pereira DIA, Prassmayer L, Fitt E, Pot G, Greenfield SM, Powell JJ. Dietary iron does not impact the quality of life of patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis: an observational study. Nutr J 2013; 12:152. [PMID: 24267915 PMCID: PMC4222872 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In animal models, excess luminal iron exacerbates colonic inflammation and cancer development. Moreover, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with mild to moderate disease activity dietary fortificant iron intake is inversely related to quality of life. Here we sought to determine whether dietary iron intakes were also related to quality of life in IBD patients in remission. Methods Forty eight patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 42 of which had quiescent disease during this observational study, and 53 healthy control subjects completed quality of life questionnaires and 7-day food diaries. For comparative analysis, 34/group were matched and the linear relationship between dietary iron intakes (total, haem, non-haem or fortificant) and EuroQol quality of life measures was investigated. For UC patients the linear relationship between dietary iron intakes and the scores from the disease specific inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) was also considered. Results The intake of dietary iron, and its various sub-fractions, were not associated with quality of life (EuroQol) in patients with quiescent disease or in healthy control subjects. The picture was similar for the 42 quiescent UC patients when disease-specific IBDQ was used. However, the 6 patients who relapsed during the study again showed an inverse association between IBDQ and dietary iron intake (p = 0.03). Conclusions Our data suggest that dietary iron does not impact on quality of life in quiescent UC patients but support that, once the disease is triggered, luminal iron may be a permissive factor for exacerbation of disease activity resulting in lower quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Tolkien
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK.
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Current Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Practical Guide. Drugs 2013; 73:1761-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s40265-013-0131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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