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Dudley R, Dodgson G, Common S, Ogundimu E, Liley J, O'Grady L, Watson F, Gibbs C, Arnott B, Fernyhough C, Alderson-Day B, Aynsworth C. Effects of a novel, brief psychological therapy (Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences) for hallucinations in first episode psychosis (MUSE FEP): Findings from an exploratory randomised controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 174:289-296. [PMID: 38678686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Hallucinations are a common feature of psychosis, yet access to effective psychological treatment is limited. The Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences for First-Episode-Psychosis (MUSE-FEP) trial aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of a brief, hallucination-specific, digitally provided treatment, delivered by a non-specialist workforce for people with psychosis. MUSE uses psychoeducation about the causal mechanisms of hallucinations and tailored interventions to help a person understand and manage their experiences. We undertook a two-site, single-blind (rater) Randomised Controlled Trial and recruited 82 participants who were allocated 1:1 to MUSE and treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 40) or TAU alone (n = 42). Participants completed assessments before and after treatment (2 months), and at follow up (3-4 months). Information on recruitment rates, adherence, and completion of outcome assessments was collected. Analyses focussed on feasibility outcomes and initial estimates of intervention effects to inform a future trial. The trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry 16793301. Criteria for the feasibility of trial methodology and intervention delivery were met. The trial exceeded the recruitment target, had high retention rates (87.8%) at end of treatment, and at follow up (86.6%), with good acceptability of treatment. There were 3 serious adverse events in the therapy group, and 5 in the TAU group. Improvements were evident in both groups at the end of treatment and follow up, with a particular benefit in perceived recovery in the MUSE group. We showed it was feasible to increase access to psychological intervention but a definitive trial requires further changes to the trial design or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dudley
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St. Nicholas Hospital, Jubilee Road, Gosforth, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE3 3XT, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Guy Dodgson
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St. Nicholas Hospital, Jubilee Road, Gosforth, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE3 3XT, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Common
- Tees, Esk & Wear Valley NHS Trust, Wessex House, Falcon Court, Stockton on Tees, TS18 3TX, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Ogundimu
- University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - James Liley
- University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy O'Grady
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St. Nicholas Hospital, Jubilee Road, Gosforth, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE3 3XT, United Kingdom
| | - Florence Watson
- Tees, Esk & Wear Valley NHS Trust, Wessex House, Falcon Court, Stockton on Tees, TS18 3TX, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Gibbs
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St. Nicholas Hospital, Jubilee Road, Gosforth, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE3 3XT, United Kingdom
| | - Bronia Arnott
- Newcastle University, Population Health Sciences Institute, Baddiley-Clark, NE2 4AX, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ben Alderson-Day
- University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Aynsworth
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St. Nicholas Hospital, Jubilee Road, Gosforth, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE3 3XT, United Kingdom
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Sandreva T, Larsen MN, Rasmussen MK, Nielsen TL, von Sydow C, Schmidt TA, Fischer TK. Transforming health care: Investigating Influenzer, a novel telemedicine-supported early discharge program for patients with lower respiratory tract infection: A non-randomized feasibility study. J Telemed Telecare 2024:1357633X241254572. [PMID: 38780386 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x241254572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems globally, necessitating innovative care models like hospital-at-home and virtual care programs. The Influenzer telemedicine program aims to deliver hospital-led monitoring and treatment to patients at home. Integrating telemedicine technology with domestic visits provides an alternative to traditional hospitalization, with the aim of easing the burden on healthcare facilities without compromising patient safety. To evaluate the effectiveness of the Influenzer program, a randomized controlled trial is proposed. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the proposed clinical trial design. METHODS A non-randomized feasibility study was conducted at the Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases at Nordsjaellands Hospital offering a telemedicine-supported early discharge program to patients with lower respiratory tract infections, including COVID-19. The feasibility of trial procedures, including recruitment, adherence, and retention, was analyzed. Also, participants' characteristics and trajectory during the intervention, including telemedicine and domestic services, were assessed. RESULTS Nineteen patients were enrolled from June 2022 to April 2023 and treated at home. Forty patients were not enrolled as 15 (25%) were non-eligible according to study protocol, 15 (25%) refused to participate and 10 (17%) had not been approached. Subjects treated at home had comparable clinical outcomes to those treated in the acute hospital, no major safety incidences occurred and patients were highly satisfied. Participants demonstrated 99% adherence to planned daily monitoring activities. In total, 63% completed all survey assessments at least partially including baseline, at discharge, and 3 months post-discharge, while 89% participated in a follow-up interview. No participants withdrew their consent. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility study documented that the Influenzer home-hospital program was feasible and well accepted in a Scandinavian setting in terms of no withdrawals and excellent participant adherence to the planned daily monitoring activities. Challenges in the organizational structures including patient recruitment and data collection required resolution prior to our randomized clinical trial. Insights from this feasibility study have led to the improved design of the final Influenzer program evaluation trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05087082. Registered on 18 August 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Sandreva
- Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjaelland Hospital, Hillerød, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - Maria Normand Larsen
- Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjaelland Hospital, Hillerød, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - Maja Kjær Rasmussen
- Centre for Innovative Medical Technology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thyge Lynghøj Nielsen
- Department of Infectious and Pulmonary Disease, Nordsjaelland Hospital, Hillerød, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - Charlotte von Sydow
- Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjaelland Hospital, Hillerød, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - Thomas Andersen Schmidt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nordsjaelland Hospital, Hillerød, Capital Region, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thea K Fischer
- Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjaelland Hospital, Hillerød, Capital Region, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Heslehurst N, McParlin C, Sniehotta FF, Rankin J, Crowe L, McColl E. The Gestational Obesity Weight Management: Implementation of National Guidelines (GLOWING) study: a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2024; 10:47. [PMID: 38429853 PMCID: PMC10905942 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-024-01450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy weight management interventions can improve maternal diet, physical activity, gestational weight gain, and postnatal weight retention. UK guidelines were published in 2010 but health professionals report multiple complex barriers to practice. GLOWING used social cognitive theory to address evidence-based barriers to midwives' implementation of weight management guidelines into routine practice. This paper reports the pilot trial outcomes relating to feasibility and acceptability of intervention delivery and trial procedures. METHODS GLOWING was a multi-centre parallel-group pilot cluster RCT comparing the delivery of a behaviour change intervention for midwives (delivered as training workshops) with usual practice. The clusters were four NHS Trusts in Northeast England, randomised to intervention or control arms. Blinding of allocation was not possible due to the nature of the intervention. We aimed to deliver the intervention to all eligible midwives in the intervention arm, in groups of 6 midwives per workshop, and to pilot questionnaire data collection for a future definitive trial. Intervention arm midwives' acceptability of GLOWING content and delivery was assessed using a mixed methods questionnaire, and pregnant women's acceptability of trial procedures by interviews. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and qualitative data thematically. RESULTS In intervention arm Trusts, 100% of eligible midwives (n = 67) were recruited to, and received, the intervention; however, not all workshops had the planned number of attendees (range 3-8). The consent rate amongst midwives randomised (n = 100) to complete questionnaires was 74% (n = 74) (95% CI 65%, 83%), and overall completion rate 89% (n = 66) (95% CI 82%, 96%). Follow-up response rate was 66% (n = 49) (95% CI 55%, 77%), with a marked difference between intervention (39%, n = 15) and control (94%, n = 34) groups potentially due to the volume of research activities. Overall, 64% (n = 47) (95% CI 53%, 75%) completed both baseline and follow-up questionnaires. Midwives viewed the intervention as acceptable and directly relevant to routine practice. The least popular components related to scripted role-plays. Pregnant women viewed the recruitment and trial processes to be acceptable. CONCLUSIONS This rigorously conducted pilot study demonstrated feasibility intervention delivery and a high level of acceptability amongst participants. It has provided information required to refine the intervention and trial protocol, enhancing confidence that a definitive trial could be carried out. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN46869894; retrospectively registered 25th May 2016, www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN46869894 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Heslehurst
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley Clark Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK.
| | - Catherine McParlin
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley Clark Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Falko F Sniehotta
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley Clark Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Judith Rankin
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley Clark Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Lisa Crowe
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley Clark Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Elaine McColl
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley Clark Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
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McGovern R, Smart D, Alderson H, Fouweather T, Kaner E. Promoting Alcohol Reduction in Non-Treatment Seeking parents (PAReNTS): a pilot feasibility cluster randomized controlled trial of brief alcohol interventions with parents in contact with child safeguarding services. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agad076. [PMID: 37950898 PMCID: PMC10783945 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Many parents who come into contact with early help and children's social care services are risky drinkers. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a trial of brief alcohol interventions within this setting. We conducted a three-arm pilot feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial in the North-East of England. The additive interventions were: i) screening and a healthy lifestyle leaflet (control); ii) brief advice; iii) extended brief intervention. The trial was later reduced to two-arm due to the extended brief intervention being infeasible. Of the 1769 parents that were approached, 429 consented to be screened (24%), the majority were eligible to participate (n = 415; 97%), 147 of which (35%) scored ≥5 on the AUDIT-C screening tool. There were 108 parents (74%) who consented to participate in the trial (n = 50 control; n = 58 brief advice). Follow-up rates at 6 and 12-months were 61% and 43%. The TLFB30 was found to be a suitable tool to measure the primary outcome of heavy episodic drinking. Qualitative data showed that parents and practitioners largely found trial procedures to be acceptable, however, care should be taken when discussing alcohol risk with parents in this setting. Most of the a-priori success criteria were met in this pilot feasibility trial. The findings suggest that it may be feasible to conduct a two-arm randomised controlled trial of brief alcohol interventions to parents in contact with early help and social care. The TLFB30 was found to be a suitable tool to measure the primary outcome of heavy episodic drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth McGovern
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Smart
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Hayley Alderson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Fouweather
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Kaner
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
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McHale C, Cruickshank S, Brown T, Torrens C, Armes J, Fenlon D, Banks E, Kelsey T, Humphris G. Mini-AFTERc: a controlled pilot trial of a nurse-led psychological intervention for fear of breast cancer recurrence. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2024; 10:3. [PMID: 38191445 PMCID: PMC10773079 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility and acceptability of implementing the Mini-AFTERc intervention. DESIGN Non-randomised cluster-controlled pilot trial. SETTING Four NHS out-patient breast cancer centres in Scotland. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-two women who had successfully completed primary treatment for breast cancer were screened for moderate levels of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). Forty-five were eligible (17 intervention and 28 control) and 34 completed 3-month follow-up (15 intervention and 21 control). INTERVENTION Mini-AFTERc, a single brief (30 min) structured telephone discussion with a specialist breast cancer nurse (SBCN) trained to target the antecedents of FCR. OUTCOMES Feasibility and acceptability of Mini-AFTERc and the study design were assessed via recruitment, consent, retention rates, patient outcomes (measured at baseline, 2, 4, and 12 weeks), and post-study interviews with participants and SBCNs, which were guided by Normalisation Process Theory. RESULTS Mini-AFTERc was acceptable to patients and SBCNs. SBCNs believe the implementation of Mini-AFTERc to be feasible and an extension of discussions that already happen routinely. SBCNs believe delivery, however, at the scale required would be challenging given current competing demands for their time. Recruitment was impacted by variability in the follow-up practices of cancer centres and COVID-19 lockdown. Consent and follow-up procedures worked well, and retention rates were high. CONCLUSIONS The study provided invaluable information about the potential challenges and solutions for testing the Mini-AFTERc intervention more widely where limiting high FCR levels is an important goal following recovery from primary breast cancer treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT0376382 . Registered on 4 December 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum McHale
- Medical School, North Haugh, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TF, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jo Armes
- University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Elspeth Banks
- Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, Carluke, Scotland, UK
| | - Tom Kelsey
- Computer Science, North Haugh, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TF, UK
| | - Gerald Humphris
- Medical School, North Haugh, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TF, UK.
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Manikam L, Allaham S, Patil P, Naman M, Ong ZL, Demel IC, Batura N, Llewellyn C, Hayward A, Lakshman R, Gilmour J, Webb-Martin K, Irish C, Archibong M, Clarkson C, Delceta D, Islam L, Bajwa S, Malek S, Bhachu J, Pushpakanthan G, Heys M, Lakhanpaul M. Nurture Early for Optimal Nutrition (NEON) participatory learning and action women's groups to improve infant feeding and practices in South Asian infants: pilot randomised trial study protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e063885. [PMID: 38030249 PMCID: PMC10689384 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Feeding practices developed in early life can impact a child's nutrition, growth, dental health, cognitive development and lifetime risk of chronic diseases. Substantial evidence suggests ethnic health inequalities, and non-recommended complementary infant feeding practices among UK's South Asian (SA) population. Nurture Early for Optimal Nutrition aims to use women's group participatory learning and action (PLA) cycles to optimise infant feeding, care and dental hygiene practices in SA infants <2 years in East London. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A three-arm pilot feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial will assess feasibility, acceptability, costs and explore preliminary effectiveness for proposed primary outcome (ie, reporting on body mass index (BMI) z-score). Multilingual SA community facilitators will deliver the intervention, group PLA Cycle, to mothers/carers in respective ethnic/language groups. 12 wards are randomised to face-to-face PLA, online PLA and usual care arms in 1:1:1 ratio. Primary outcomes are feasibility and process measures (ie, BMI z-score, study records, feedback questionnaires, direct observation of intervention and sustainability) for assessment against Go/Stop criteria. Secondary outcomes are cluster-level and economic outcomes (ie, eating behaviour, parental feeding practices, network diffusion, children development performance, level of dental caries, general practitioner utilisation, costs, staff time). Outcomes are measured at baseline, every 2 weeks during intervention, 14 weeks and at 6 months by blinded outcome assessors where possible. This study will use concurrent mixed-methods evaluation. Quantitative analyses include descriptive summary with 95% CI and sample size calculation for the definitive trial. The intervention effect with CI will be estimated for child BMI z-score. Implementation will be evaluated qualitatively using thematic framework analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from University College London (UCL), National Health Service (Health Research Authority (HRA) and Health and Care Research Wales (HRCW)). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at scientific conferences/workshops with commissioners, partners and participating communities. Plain language summaries will be disseminated through community groups, websites and social media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRAS-ID-296259 (ISRCTN10234623).
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Manikam
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, UK
- Aceso Global Health Consultants Pte Limited, Singapore
| | - Shereen Allaham
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, UK
| | - Priyanka Patil
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, UK
- Aceso Global Health Consultants Pte Limited, Singapore
| | - Maryan Naman
- Aceso Global Health Consultants Pte Limited, Singapore
| | - Zhen Ling Ong
- Aceso Global Health Consultants Pte Limited, Singapore
| | - Isabel-Cathérine Demel
- Aceso Global Health Consultants Pte Limited, Singapore
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Neha Batura
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clare Llewellyn
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, UK
| | - Andrew Hayward
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, UK
| | - Rajalakshmi Lakshman
- Public Health Directorate, Cambridgeshire County Council, Cambridge, UK
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jenny Gilmour
- Tower Hamlets GP Care Group, Mile End Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Carol Irish
- Children's Health 0-19 Service, London Borough of Newham, London, UK
| | - Mfon Archibong
- Children's Health 0-19 Service, London Borough of Newham, London, UK
| | - Corinne Clarkson
- Public Health Directorate, London Borough of Waltham Forest, London, UK
| | | | - Lily Islam
- London Borough of Tower Hamlets, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Michelle Heys
- Department of Population, Policy & Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Specialist Children and Young People's Services, East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Monica Lakhanpaul
- Department of Population, Policy & Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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Lygre RB, Gjestad R, Norekvål TM, Mercer SW, Elgen IB. An interdisciplinary intervention for children and adolescents with multiple referrals and complex health complaints: a feasibility study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1241. [PMID: 37951903 PMCID: PMC10638682 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with complex health complaints are often referred to several different healthcare specialists for assessments and treatment. This may result in fragmented care, higher risks of medical errors, and sub-optimal health outcomes. The aim of this non-controlled open label trial was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a new interdisciplinary intervention for children and adolescents with multiple referrals and complex health complaints and to gather experiences from participating children, adolescents and parents. METHODS In all, 47 children and adolescents aged 6-16 years with multiple referrals at a tertiary hospital were invited to participate. The intervention was a half-day consultation based on a biopsychosocial model. The aim of the intervention was to clarify the child/adolescent's condition(s) and provide a joint understanding and treatment plan in collaboration with the family. A team consisting of a pediatrician, a physiotherapist and a psychologist delivered the intervention. Acceptance and completion rate was recorded, and child- and parent-experience measures were collected; the children and adolescents completed the Visual Consultation and Relational Empathy Scale (CARE) five questions and parents completed two de novo created measures about their experiences. RESULTS Almost all invited families consented to participate (96%) and ultimately received the interdisciplinary intervention (92%). Mean age of the children and adolescents was 12 years, and under half were boys (40%). Before the intervention, 39 (91%) parents completed a questionnaire about previous experiences with healthcare. After the consultation 39 children and adolescents (91%) and 40 (93%) parents completed the questionnaire regarding their experience with the interdisciplinary intervention. Of the children and adolescents, 18-30 (47-77%) rated relational empathy in the intervention as "Very good" or "Excellent". Of the parents, 35-39 (92-100%) rated their experience with the consultation using the more positive response options. The parents were significantly more content with the intervention compared to previously received healthcare (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The present intervention was highly acceptable with positively reported experiences from parents of, and children and adolescents with, complex health complaints. A future randomized controlled trial is required to test the effectiveness of this intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04652154 03.12.2020. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhild B Lygre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
- Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Rolf Gjestad
- Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tone M Norekvål
- Centre on Patient-Reported Outcomes, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Irene Bircow Elgen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Mellor K, Albury C, Dutton SJ, Eldridge S, Hopewell S. Recommendations for progression criteria during external randomised pilot trial design, conduct, analysis and reporting. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:59. [PMID: 37061720 PMCID: PMC10105402 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND External randomised pilot trials aim to assess whether a future definitive Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) is feasible. Prespecified progression criteria help guide the interpretation of pilot trial findings to decide whether, and how, a definitive RCT should be conducted. This commentary presents a set of proposed recommendations for progression criteria to guide researchers when (i) designing, (ii) conducting, (iii) analysing and (iv) reporting external randomised pilot trials. METHODS Recommendations were developed following a mixed methods approach. This involved (i) a methodological review of pilot trial publications, (ii) a cross-sectional study of pilot trial research funding applications, (iii) qualitative interviews with pilot trial researchers and (iv) a survey of corresponding authors of identified pilot trial publications. Initial recommendations were refined following two consultation stakeholder workshops held in July 2022. Recommendations for progression criteria for external randomised pilot trials: i. DESIGN consider progression criteria from the earliest opportunity; map progression criteria to feasibility objectives; consider quantitative and qualitative interpretations of feasibility; provide justification; develop guidelines rather than rules; seek input from relevant stakeholders. ii. Conduct: regularly monitor pilot trial data against progression criteria. iii. ANALYSIS avoid considering each progression criterion in isolation; engage in discussion with relevant stakeholders; consider context and other factors external to the pilot trial; consider feasibility (can we?) and progression (will we?). iv. Reporting: we propose a reporting checklist in relation to progression criteria and recommend reporting in a table format for clarity. CONCLUSION These recommendations provide a helpful resource for researchers to consider progression criteria at different stages of external randomised pilot trials. We have produced a simple infographic tool to summarise these recommendations for researchers to refer to. Further research is needed to evaluate whether these proposed recommendations should inform future development, or update, of established guidelines for the design, conduct, analysis and reporting of external randomised pilot trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Mellor
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit / Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England.
| | - Charlotte Albury
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan J Dutton
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit / Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - Sandra Eldridge
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sally Hopewell
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit / Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
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Melia R, Francis K, Duggan J, Bogue J, O'Sullivan M, Young K, Chambers D, McInerney SJ, O'Dea E, Bernert R. Using a Safety Planning Mobile App to Address Suicidality in Young People Attending Community Mental Health Services in Ireland: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e44205. [PMID: 36809171 PMCID: PMC9993232 DOI: 10.2196/44205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 700,000 people die by suicide annually, making it the fourth leading cause of death among those aged 15-29 years globally. Safety planning is recommended best practice when individuals at risk of suicide present to health services. A safety plan, developed in collaboration with a health care practitioner, details the steps to be taken in an emotional crisis. SafePlan, a safety planning mobile app, was designed to support young people experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviors and to record their plan in a way that is accessible immediately and in situ. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the SafePlan mobile app for patients experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviors and their clinicians within Irish community mental health services, examine the feasibility of study procedures for both patients and clinicians, and determine if the SafePlan condition yields superior outcomes when compared with the control condition. METHODS A total of 80 participants aged 16-35 years accessing Irish mental health services will be randomized (1:1) to receive the SafePlan app plus treatment as usual or treatment as usual plus a paper-based safety plan. The feasibility and acceptability of the SafePlan app and study procedures will be evaluated using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The primary outcomes are feasibility outcomes and include the acceptability of the app to participants and clinicians, the feasibility of delivery in this setting, recruitment, retention, and app use. The feasibility and acceptability of the following measures in a full randomized controlled trial will also be assessed: the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, Coping Self-Efficacy Scale, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, and Client Service Receipt Inventory. A repeated measures design with outcome data collected at baseline, post intervention (8 weeks), and at 6-month follow-up will be used to compare changes in suicidal ideation for the intervention condition relative to the waitlist control condition. A cost-outcome description will also be undertaken. Thematic analyses will be used to analyze the qualitative data gathered through semistructured interviews with patients and clinicians. RESULTS As of January 2023, funding and ethics approval have been acquired, and clinician champions across mental health service sites have been established. Data collection is expected to commence by April 2023. The submission of completed manuscript is expected by April 2025. CONCLUSIONS The framework for Decision-making after Pilot and feasibility Trials will inform the decision to progress to a full trial. The results will inform patients, researchers, clinicians, and health services of the feasibility and acceptability of the SafePlan app in community mental health services. The findings will have implications for further research and policy regarding the broader integration of safety planning apps. TRIAL REGISTRATION OSF Registries osf.io/3y54m; https://osf.io/3y54m. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/44205.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Melia
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Health Service Executive Community Healthcare Mid West, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kady Francis
- School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Health Service Executive Community Healthcare West, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jim Duggan
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - John Bogue
- School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mary O'Sullivan
- Health Service Executive Community Healthcare West, Galway, Ireland
| | - Karen Young
- College of Engineering and Informatics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Shane J McInerney
- Health Service Executive Community Healthcare West, Galway, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Edmond O'Dea
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Rebecca Bernert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Denton F, Waddell A, Kite C, Hesketh K, Atkinson L, Cocks M, Jones H, Randeva H, Davenport N, Powell R, Clark C, Kyrou I, Harwood AE, McGregor G. Remote maintenance cardiac rehabilitation (MAINTAIN): A protocol for a randomised feasibility study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231152176. [PMID: 36818155 PMCID: PMC9936404 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231152176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term adherence to exercise is often poor for people with coronary heart disease (CHD) who have completed supervised, centre-based cardiac rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of a remotely prescribed, delivered and monitored cardiac rehabilitation intervention using a wearable device to support long-term adherence to exercise and physical activity during maintenance of cardiac rehabilitation. Methods After completing cardiac rehabilitation, 30 participants with CHD, will be randomised (1:1) to an intervention (n = 15) or a usual care group (n = 15) in a 12-month feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT). The intervention will comprise of an exercise consultation, personalised exercise prescription delivered via a wearable activity monitor using biometric feedback, regular monitoring via check-ins, and feedback text-messages for 6-months. Participants will be assessed at baseline (following completion of cardiac rehabilitation) and at three-, six-, and 12-months post-randomisation. The primary outcome will be feasibility, including assessment of eligibility, recruitment, adherence, and acceptability. Secondary outcomes will include exercise capacity, physical activity behaviours, cardiovascular disease risk and quality of life. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted at three-, six-, and 12-months post-randomisation (and with those who drop-out) to explore the acceptability of the study intervention and procedures. A questionnaire will be offered to those who decline participation. Discussion The MAINTAIN study will evaluate the feasibility of conducting a future definitive multi-centre RCT testing a remotely prescribed and monitored long-term mHealth maintenance exercise programme, versus usual care, for people with CHD who have completed cardiac rehabilitation. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05292287. Registered on 22/03/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Denton
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Francesca Denton, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK.
| | - Alexander Waddell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Chris Kite
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- School of Public Health Studies, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Katie Hesketh
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lou Atkinson
- School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Matthew Cocks
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Helen Jones
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Harpal Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Nathan Davenport
- UK Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Richard Powell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- UK Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Cain Clark
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Amy E Harwood
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Gordon McGregor
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- UK Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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11
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Johansson N, Sarkadi A, Feldman I, Price AMH, Goldfeld S, Salonen T, Wijk K, Isaksson D, Kolic E, Stenquist S, Elg M, Lönn E, Wennelin J, Lindström L, Medina M, Åberg S, Viklund J, Warner G. Ameliorating Child poverty through Connecting Economic Services with child health Services (ACCESS): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of the healthier wealthier families model in Sweden. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2181. [PMID: 36434580 PMCID: PMC9701015 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sweden is often held up as an example of a country with low child deprivation; yet, rates of relative deprivation are rising. Every municipality in Sweden is required to provide free, timely and accessible budget and debt counselling under the Social Services Act. The services have been encouraged to perform preventative practice with families; however, this has not been realised. The Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) model embeds universal screening for economic hardship into child health services and creates a referral pathway to economic support services. Given the universal child health system in Sweden, which is freely available and has excellent coverage of the child population, implementation of the HWF model has potential to support families to access the freely available municipal budget and debt counselling and ultimately improve rates of child deprivation in Sweden. METHODS/DESIGN We will conduct a two-arm randomised waitlist-control superiority trial to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the HWF model in the Sweden. A longitudinal follow-up with the cohort will explore whether any effects are maintained in the longer-term. DISCUSSION HWF is a collaborative and sustainable model that could maximise the effectiveness of current services to address child deprivation in Sweden. The study outlined in this protocol is the first effectiveness evaluation of the HWF model in Sweden and is a crucial step before HWF can be recommended for national implementation within the child health services. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT05511961. Prospectively registered on 23 August 2022. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05511961.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Johansson
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Sarkadi
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Inna Feldman
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna M. H. Price
- grid.416107.50000 0004 0614 0346Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Sharon Goldfeld
- grid.416107.50000 0004 0614 0346Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Tapio Salonen
- grid.32995.340000 0000 9961 9487Department of Social Work, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Katarina Wijk
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden ,grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University, Gävle, Region Gävleborg Sweden ,grid.69292.360000 0001 1017 0589Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gavle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - David Isaksson
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Services Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emir Kolic
- Konsument Gästrikland Budget and Debt Counselling Service, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Sara Stenquist
- Konsument Gästrikland Budget and Debt Counselling Service, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Maria Elg
- Sandviken Municipality, Sandviken, Sweden
| | - Ewa Lönn
- Sandviken Municipality, Sandviken, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Georgina Warner
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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The multimorbidity collaborative medication review and decision making (MyComrade) study: a pilot cluster randomised trial in two healthcare systems. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:225. [PMID: 36195963 PMCID: PMC9531225 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While international guidelines recommend medication reviews as part of the management of multimorbidity, evidence on how to implement reviews in practice in primary care is lacking. The MyComrade (MultimorbiditY Collaborative Medication Review And Decision Making) intervention is an evidence-based, theoretically informed novel intervention which aims to support the conduct of medication reviews for patients with multimorbidity in primary care. Aim The pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of a definitive trial of the MyComrade intervention across two healthcare systems (Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI)). Design A pilot cluster-randomised controlled trial was conducted (clustered at general practice level), using specific progression criteria and a process evaluation framework. Setting General practices in the ROI and NI. Participants Eligible practices were those in defined geographical areas who had GP’s and Practice Based Pharmacists (PBP’s) (in NI) willing to conduct medication reviews. Eligible patients were those aged 18 years and over, with multi morbidity and on ten or more medications. Intervention The MyComrade intervention is an evidence-based, theoretically informed novel intervention which aims to support the conduct of medication reviews for patients with multimorbidity in primary care, using a planned collaborative approach guided by an agreed checklist, within a specified timeframe. Outcome measures Feasibility outcomes, using pre-determined progression criteria, assessed practice and patient recruitment and retention and intervention acceptability and fidelity. Anonymised patient-related quantitative data, from practice medical records and patient questionnaires were collected at baseline, 4 and 8 months, to inform potential outcome measures for a definitive trial. These included (i) practice outcomes—completion of medication reviews; (ii) patient outcomes—treatment burden and quality of life; (iii) prescribing outcomes—number and changes of prescribed medications and incidents of potentially inappropriate prescribing; and (iv) economic cost analysis. The framework Decision-making after Pilot and feasibility Trials (ADePT) in conjunction with a priori progression criteria and process evaluation was used to guide the collection and analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. Results The recruitment of practices (n = 15) and patients (n = 121, mean age 73 years and 51% female), representing 94% and 38% of a priori targets respectively, was more complex and took longer than anticipated; impacted by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Retention rates of 100% of practices and 85% of patients were achieved. Both practice staff and patients found the intervention acceptable and reported strong fidelity to the My Comrade intervention components. Some practice staff highlighted concerns such as poor communication of the reviews to patients, dissatisfaction regarding incentivisation and in ROI the sustainability of two GPs collaboratively conducting the medication reviews. Assessing outcomes from the collected data was found feasible and appropriate for a definitive trial. Two progression criteria met the ‘Go’ criterion (practice and patient retention), two met the ‘Amend’ criterion (practice recruitment and intervention implementation) and one indicated a ‘Stop – unless changes possible’ (patient recruitment). Conclusion The MyComrade intervention was found to be feasible to conduct within two different healthcare systems. Recruitment of participants requires significant time and effort given the nature of this population and the pairing of GP and pharmacist may be more sustainable to implement in routine practice. Trial registration Registry: ISRCTN, ISRCTN80017020; date of confirmation 4/11/2019; retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40814-022-01107-y.
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13
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Rondung E, Humphries SM, Olsson EMG, Sundelin R, Norlund F, Held C, Spaak J, Tornvall P, Lyngå P. Reducing stress and anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries or Takotsubo syndrome: A non-randomized feasibility study. Internet Interv 2022; 29:100562. [PMID: 35910688 PMCID: PMC9334337 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In the aftermath of a myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) or Takotsubo syndrome (TS), patients commonly express high levels of stress and anxiety. Current treatment alternatives rarely address these issues. The planned E-health Treatment of Stress and Anxiety in Stockholm Myocardial Infarction With Non-obstructive Coronaries Study (e-SMINC) aims to evaluate the effects of an internet-based intervention, building on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) by comparison with treatment as usual using an RCT approach. This was a small-scale single arm study designed to test the feasibility of the RCT, addressing uncertainties regarding recruitment, data collection, and intervention delivery. METHODS Participant recruitment and screening took place before discharge from the coronary care unit at a large Swedish hospital. Eligible patients were invited to a nine-step psychologist guided, internet-based CBT intervention. The sample size was set in advance to 10 participants completing the intervention. The recruitment and flow of participants were documented and evaluated in relation to seven pre-defined progression criteria. Self-reports of anxiety (HADS-A), stress (PSS-14), cardiac anxiety (CAQ), posttraumatic stress (IES-6) and quality of life (Rand-36), collected at screening, pre-intervention and post-intervention, were analysed descriptively and by effect sizes (Cohen's d). Individual interviews targeting participant experiences were conducted. RESULTS Six out of seven progression criteria yielded no concerns. Out of 49 patients with a working diagnosis of MINOCA or TS, 31 were eligible for screening, 26 consented to participate, and 14 were eligible with regard to symptoms of stress and/or anxiety. Eleven completed the pre-assessment and were given access the intervention, and 9 completed the intervention. Only the number of patients screened prior to eligibility assessment was slightly lower than expected, indicating possible concerns. Self-reports of anxiety, stress, cardiac anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and quality of life all indicated symptom reduction from pre- to post-intervention, generally showing large effect sizes (d = 0.6-2.6). The general consensus among participants was that the programme was helpful and relevant, and that the personal contact with the psychologist was highly valued. Setting aside time to complete assignments was found critical. CONCLUSION Conducting a full scale RCT was found feasible. Inclusion of more study sites and minor amendments to the protocol and intervention were decided to improve feasibility further. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.govNCT04178434.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Rondung
- Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, 831 25 Östersund, Sweden,Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Runa Sundelin
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrika Norlund
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claes Held
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Spaak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Tornvall
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Lyngå
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
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Taggart L, Johnston A, Mullhall P, Hassiotis A, Murphy M, Slater P, Fitzpatrick B. 'Walk Buds': A walking programme to increase physical activity, physical fitness and emotional wellbeing, in 9-13 yr old children with intellectual disability. A study protocol for a clustered RCT. Contemp Clin Trials 2022; 119:106856. [PMID: 35863694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young people with intellectual disabilities are traditionally less physically fit compared to their non-disabled peers. While the health benefits of increasing physical activity are evident, there remains a lack of evidence on how to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in young people with intellectual disabilities. Walking interventions, including those delivered in school settings, have been found to significantly increase physical activity levels of young people without disabilities. However, to date there has been a paucity of studies testing walking interventions for young people with intellectual disabilities in school settings. In an earlier study we developed the Walk Buds school-based walking programme for children with intellectual disability (aged 9-13 yrs), which incorporated a paired buddy component. AIM We plan to conduct a clustered feasibility RCT that will enable us to examine the acceptability of the Walk Buds programme, randomisation, and outcome measures, check the fidelity programme delivery, and identify the facilitators and barriers to the implementation of the programme. METHODS This study is a two-arm, cRCT feasibility trial where eight schools will be randomised into either an intervention arm (Walk Buds) or an 'exercise as usual' arm. We are aiming to recruit between 130 and 160 young people with intellectual disabilities. Outcome measures will be recorded at baseline and three-months post-intervention. A process evaluation will explore the factors that could impact on the internal and external validity of a future cRCT and the intervention's logic model. DISCUSSION Walk Buds is the first theoretically underpinned, peer-led, multi-component, manualised school-based walking programme that aims to increase physical activity, physical fitness, and emotional wellbeing in 9-13 yr old children with intellectual disabilities.
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Dudley R, Dodgson G, Common S, O'Grady L, Watson F, Gibbs C, Arnott B, Fernyhough C, Alderson-Day B, Ogundimu E, Kharatikoopaei E, Patton V, Aynsworth C. Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences in People with First-Episode Psychosis (MUSE FEP): a study protocol for a single-blind parallel-group randomised controlled feasibility trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061827. [PMID: 35577470 PMCID: PMC9114953 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hallucinations (hearing or seeing things that others do not) are a common feature of psychosis, causing significant distress and disability. Existing treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp) have modest benefits, and there is a lack of CBTp-trained staff. Shorter, targeted treatments that focus on specific symptoms delivered by a non-specialist workforce could substantially increase access to treatment.Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences (MUSE) explains why people have hallucinations and helps the person to develop and use coping strategies to reduce distress. MUSE focuses only on hallucinations, and treatment is short (four to six, 1-hour sessions per week). It is a digital intervention, run on National Health Service (NHS) laptops, which provides information about hallucinations in an engaging way, using audio, video and animated content. Crucially, it is designed for use by non-specialist staff like community psychiatric nurses. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study is a two-arm feasibility randomised controlled trial comparing MUSE and treatment as usual (TAU) (n=40) to TAU alone (n=40), recruiting across two NHS Trusts, using 1:1 allocation and blind assessments before and after treatment (2 months) and at follow-up (3 months). Quantitative information on recruitment rates, adherence and completion of outcome assessments will be collected. Qualitative interviews will capture service users' experience of therapy and clinicians' experiences of the training and supervision in MUSE. Clinicians will also be asked about factors affecting uptake, adherence and facilitators/barriers to implementation. Analyses will focus on feasibility outcomes and provide initial estimates of intervention effects. Thematic analysis of the qualitative interviews will assess the acceptability of the training, intervention and trial procedures. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial has received NHS Ethical and Health Research Authority approval. Findings will be disseminated directly to participants and services, as well as through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN16793301.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dudley
- Newcastle University Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Early Intervention in Psychosis service, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Guy Dodgson
- Early Intervention in Psychosis service, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Stephanie Common
- Early Intervention in Psychosis, Tees Esk and Wear Valley NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, UK
| | - Lucy O'Grady
- Early Intervention in Psychosis service, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Florence Watson
- Research and Development, Tees Esk and Wear Valley NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, UK
| | - Christopher Gibbs
- Early Intervention in Psychosis service, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bronia Arnott
- Newcastle University Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Ogundimu
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Univeristy of Durham, Durham, UK
| | | | | | - Charlotte Aynsworth
- Early Intervention in Psychosis service, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Powell A, Hoare S, Modi R, Williams K, Dymond A, Chapman C, Griffin S, Mant J, Burt J. How to embed qualitative research in trials: insights from the feasibility study of the SAFER trial programme. Trials 2022; 23:394. [PMID: 35549744 PMCID: PMC9096750 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Qualitative research can enhance the design, conduct and interpretation of trials. Despite this, few trials incorporate qualitative methods, and those that do may not realise their full potential. In this commentary, we highlight how qualitative research can contribute to the design, conduct and day-to-day running of a trial, outlining the working arrangements and relationships that facilitate these contributions. In doing so, we draw on (i) existing frameworks on the role of qualitative research alongside trials and (ii) our experience of integrated qualitative research conducted as part of the feasibility study of the SAFER trial (Screening for Atrial Fibrillation with ECG to Reduce stroke), a cluster randomised controlled trial of screening people aged 70 and above for atrial fibrillation in primary care in England. The activities and presence of the qualitative team contributed to important changes in the design, conduct and day-to-day running of the SAFER feasibility study, and the subsequent main trial, informing diverse decisions concerning trial documentation, trial delivery, timing and content of measures and the information given to participating patients and practices. These included asking practices to give screening results to all participants and not just to 'screen positive' participants, and greater recognition of the contribution of practice reception staff to trial delivery. These changes were facilitated by a 'one research team' approach that underpinned all formal and informal working processes from the outset and maximised the value of both qualitative and trial coordination expertise. The challenging problems facing health services require a combination of research methods and data types. Our experience and the literature show that the benefits of embedding qualitative research in trials are more likely to be realised if attention is given to both structural factors and relationships from the outset. These include sustained and sufficient funding for qualitative research, embedding qualitative research fully within the trial programme, providing shared infrastructure and resources and committing to relationships based on mutual recognition of and respect for the value of different methods and perspectives. We outline key learning for the planning of future trials.Trial registration: Screening for atrial fibrillation with ECG to reduce stroke ISRCTN16939438 (feasibility study); Screening for atrial fibrillation with ECG to reduce stroke - a randomised controlled trial ISRCTN72104369 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Powell
- The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
| | - Sarah Hoare
- The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Rakesh Modi
- Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Kate Williams
- Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrew Dymond
- Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Cheryl Chapman
- Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Simon Griffin
- Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Jonathan Mant
- Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jenni Burt
- The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
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The Feasibility of Implementing Targeted SEDation in Mechanically Ventilated Emergency Department Patients: The ED-SED Pilot Trial. Crit Care Med 2022; 50:1224-1235. [PMID: 35404327 PMCID: PMC9288529 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Deep sedation in the emergency department (ED) is common, increases deep sedation in the ICU, and is negatively associated with outcome. Limiting ED deep sedation may, therefore, be a high-yield intervention to improve outcome. However, the feasibility of conducting an adequately powered ED-based clinical sedation trial is unknown. Our objectives were to assess trial feasibility in terms of: 1) recruitment, 2) protocol implementation and practice change, and 3) safety. Patient-centered clinical outcomes were assessed to better plan for a future large-scale clinical trial. DESIGN Pragmatic, multicenter (n = 3), prospective before-after pilot and feasibility trial. SETTING The ED and ICUs at three medical centers. PATIENTS Consecutive, adult mechanically ventilation ED patients. INTERVENTIONS An educational initiative aimed at reliable ED sedation depth documentation and reducing the proportion of deeply sedated patients (primary outcome). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Sedation-related data in the ED and the first 48 ICU hours were recorded. Deep sedation was defined as a Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale of -3 to -5 or a Sedation-Agitation Scale of 1-3. One thousand three hundred fifty-six patients were screened; 415 comprised the final population. Lighter ED sedation was achieved in the intervention group, and the proportion of deeply sedated patients was reduced from 60.2% to 38.8% (p < 0.01). There were no concerning trends in adverse events (i.e., inadvertent extubation, device removal, and awareness with paralysis). Mortality was 10.0% in the intervention group and 20.4% in the preintervention group (p < 0.01). Compared with preintervention, the intervention group experienced more ventilator-free days [22.0 (9.0) vs 19.9 (10.6)] and ICU-free days [20.8 (8.7) vs 18.1 (10.4)], p < 0.05 for both. CONCLUSIONS This pilot trial confirmed the feasibility of targeting the ED in order to improve sedation practices and reduce deep sedation. These findings justify an appropriately powered clinical trial regarding ED-based sedation to improve clinical outcomes.
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Morrissey EC, Byrne M, Casey B, Casey D, Gillespie P, Hobbins A, Lowry M, McCarthy E, Newell J, Roshan D, Sharma S, Dinneen SF. Improving outcomes among young adults with type 1 diabetes: the D1 Now pilot cluster randomised controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:56. [PMID: 35260182 PMCID: PMC8902268 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-00986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The D1 Now intervention is designed to improve outcomes in young adults living with type 1 diabetes. It consists of three components: an agenda-setting tool, an interactive messaging system and a support worker. The aim of the D1 Now pilot cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) was to gather and analyse acceptability and feasibility data to allow (1) further refinement of the D1 Now intervention, and (2) determination of the feasibility of evaluating the D1 Now intervention in a future definitive RCT. Methods A pilot cluster RCT with two intervention arms and a control arm was conducted over 12 months. Quantitative data collection was based on a core outcome set and took place at baseline and 12 months. Semi-structured interviews with participants took place at 6, 9 and 12 months. Fidelity and health economic costings were also assessed. Results Four diabetes centres and 57 young adults living with type 1 diabetes took part. 50% of eligible young adults were recruited and total loss to follow-up was 12%. Fidelity, as measured on a study delivery checklist, was good but there were three minor processes that were not delivered as intended in the protocol. Overall, the qualitative data demonstrated that the intervention was considered acceptable and feasible, though this differed across intervention components. The agenda-setting tool and support worker intervention components were acceptable to both young adults and staff, but views on the interactive messaging system were mixed. Conclusions Some modifications are required to the D1 Now intervention components and research processes but with these in place progression to a definitive RCT is considered feasible. Trial registration ISRCTN (ref: ISRCTN74114336) Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40814-022-00986-5.
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Rondung E, Leiler A, Sarkadi A, Bjärtå A, Lampa E, Löfving SG, Calam R, Oppedal B, Keeshin B, Warner G. Feasibility of a randomised trial of Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT) with refugee youth: results from a pilot of the Swedish UnaccomPanied yOuth Refugee Trial (SUPpORT). Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:40. [PMID: 35164865 PMCID: PMC8843024 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-00998-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although post-traumatic stress is prevalent among unaccompanied refugee minors (URM), there are few evidence-based psychological interventions for this group. Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT) is a brief, manualised intervention for trauma-exposed youth, which has shown promising results in exploratory studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the use of TRT among URM by investigating key uncertainties relating to recruitment, randomisation, intervention delivery and data collection. Methods A 3-month long non-blinded internal randomised pilot trial with a parallel-group design assessed the feasibility of a planned nationwide multi-site RCT. URM with or without granted asylum were eligible if they were 14 to 20 years old, had arrived in Sweden within the last 5 years and had screened positive for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Quantitative data were collected pre- and post-intervention, and 18 weeks after randomisation. On-site individual randomisation (1:1) followed directly after pre-intervention assessment. Participants allocated to the intervention were offered seven weekly group-based TRT sessions. Quantitative pilot outcomes were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative information was gathered through on-site observations and follow-up dialogue with group facilitators. A process for Decision-making after Pilot and feasibility Trials (ADePT) was used to support systematic decision-making in moving forward with the trial. Results Fifteen URM (mean age 17.73 years) with PTSD symptoms were recruited at two sites. Three of the youths were successfully randomised to either TRT or waitlist control (TRT n = 2, waitlist n = 1). Fourteen participants were offered TRT for ethical reasons, despite not being randomised. Six (43%) attended ≥ 4 of the seven sessions. Seventy-three percent of the participants completed at least two assessments, with a response rate of 53% at both post-intervention and follow-up. Conclusions The findings demonstrated a need for amendments to the protocol, especially with regard to the procedures for recruitment and randomisation. Upon refinement of the study protocol and strategies, an adequately powered RCT was pursued, with data from this pilot study excluded. Trial registration ISRCTN47820795, prospectively registered on 20 December 2018
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20
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Mellor K, Dutton SJ, Hopewell S, Albury C. How are progression decisions made following external randomised pilot trials? A qualitative interview study and framework analysis. Trials 2022; 23:132. [PMID: 35144670 PMCID: PMC8832640 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background External randomised pilot trials help researchers decide whether, and how, to do a future definitive randomised trial. The progression criteria are often prespecified to inform the interpretation of pilot trial findings and subsequent progression decision-making. We aimed to explore and understand the perspectives and experiences of key stakeholders when making progression decisions following external pilot trials. Methods Thirty-five remote semi-structured interviews with external randomised pilot trial team members including chief investigators, trial managers, statisticians and patient and public involvement (PPI) representatives. Questions focussed on experiences and perceptions of pilot trial progression decisions and whether and how progression criteria informed this decision. Data were analysed using the framework method approach to thematic analysis. Strategies to ensure trustworthiness and rigour were used. Results Interviews were conducted between December 2020 and July 2021. Six descriptive themes were developed to capture the experiences and perspectives of participants. These were (1) divided opinions on the value and development of progression criteria, (2) (avoiding) the potential for personal interest to influence progression criteria and progression decision-making, (3) stakeholder engagement in setting progression criteria and making progression decisions, (4) lessons learned from doing the pilot trial and their impact on progression criteria applicability, (5) other factors that inform the progression decision and (6) progression of external randomised pilot trials—funding considerations and constraints. These themes were underpinned by an overarching interpretative theme ‘a one-size approach to progression does not fit all’ to describe the highly nuanced and complex decision-making process that occurs following external randomised pilot trials. The progression criteria are rarely the only consideration informing the decision to progress to future research; unanticipated events, signals of efficacy and continuity of the research team are other factors that researchers consider. Conclusions One size does not fit all when it comes to the progression criteria and pilot trial progression. The progression criteria are only one of many considerations researchers have when deciding whether a pilot trial is feasible. External pilot trial progression is not guaranteed even when a pilot trial is considered feasible (based on the progression criteria and/or other considerations), indicating inefficiency and potential research waste. Trial registration Open Science Framework osf.io/5N2KZ Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06063-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Mellor
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit/Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK.
| | - Susan J Dutton
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit/Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Sally Hopewell
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit/Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Charlotte Albury
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
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Whittaker A, Elliott L, Taylor J, Dawe S, Harnett P, Stoddart A, Littlewood P, Robertson R, Farquharson B, Strachan H. The Parents under Pressure parenting programme for families with fathers receiving treatment for opioid dependence: the PuP4Dads feasibility study. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3310/yowk7214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
The impact of parental drug use on children is a major public health problem. However, opioid-dependent fathers have been largely ignored in parenting research.
Objective
To implement and test the feasibility and acceptability of the Parents under Pressure programme (PuP4Dads) for opioid-dependent fathers and their families, and to determine whether or not a full-scale evaluation could be conducted.
Design
A mixed-methods feasibility study.
Setting
Two non-NHS family support services for parents who use drugs in Scotland.
Participants
Fathers prescribed opioid substitution therapy (n = 25), their partners (n = 17) and children, as well as practitioners, supervisors, service managers and referrers.
Intervention
A home-visiting programme, including an integrated theoretical framework, case formulation, collaborative goal-setting and modules designed to improve parenting, the caregiving environment and child welfare. The programme was delivered flexibly over 6 months by accredited practitioners.
Main outcome measures
Feasibility progression criteria included the recruitment target (n = 24 fathers), acceptability of PuP4Dads, father engagement in the study (including a minimum of 66% of fathers completing PuP and a minimum of 10 fathers completing baseline and post-treatment research interviews), engagement in qualitative interviews (including a minimum of 10 fathers and 90% practitioner uptake and 80% manager uptake), focus groups (with a minimum of 80% referrer uptake), adequate fidelity and no adverse events.
Data sources
The following researcher-administered validated questionnaires were used: the Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory, the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Paternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, the Emotional Availability Scale, the Brief Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Conflict Tactics Scale, Treatment Outcome Profile and the EuroQol-5 Dimensions, five-level version. Other sources included parent-completed service use (an economic measure), social work child protection data, NHS opioid substitution therapy prescription data and practitioner-reported attendance data. We also conducted interviews with fathers (n = 23), mothers (n = 14), practitioners (n = 8), supervisors (n = 2) and service managers (n = 7); conducted focus groups with referrers (n = 28); and held an ‘expert event’ with stakeholders (n = 39).
Results
The PuP4Dads was successfully delivered within non-NHS settings and was considered acceptable and suitable for the study population. Referrals (n = 44) resulted in 38 (86%) eligible fathers, of whom 25 (66%) fathers and 17 partners/mothers consented to participate. Most fathers reported no previous parenting support. A total of 248 sessions was delivered to the 20 fathers and 14 mothers who started the intervention. Fourteen fathers (and 10 mothers) completed ≥ 6 sessions and six fathers (and four mothers) completed ≤ 5 sessions. Father and mother attendance rates were equal (mean 71%). Median length of engagement for fathers was 26 weeks and for mothers it was 30 weeks. Twenty-three fathers completed interviews at baseline, 16 fathers completed interviews at follow-up 1 and 13 fathers completed interviews at follow-up 2. Outcome measures were well tolerated; however, the suitability of some measures was dependent on family circumstances. The researcher-administered questionnaires had few missing data. The perceived benefits of PuP4Dads reported by parents, practitioners and managers included the following: the therapeutic focus on fathers improved parental emotion regulation, there was improved understanding and responding to child’s needs, there was better multiagency working and the programme was a good fit with practice ‘ethos’ and policy agenda. Learning highlighted the importance of service-wide adoption and implementation support, strategies to improve recruitment and retention of fathers, managing complex needs of both parents concurrently, understanding contextual factors affecting programme delivery and variables affecting intervention engagement and outcomes.
Limitations
Lack of emotional availability and economic (service use) data.
Conclusions
A larger evaluation of PuP4Dads is feasible.
Future work
Further work is required to demonstrate the effectiveness of PuP4Dads and the cost implications. A better understanding is needed of how the intervention works, for whom, under what circumstances and why.
Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN43209618.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 10, No. 3. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Whittaker
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Lawrie Elliott
- Department of Nursing and Community Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Julie Taylor
- School of Nursing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sharon Dawe
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul Harnett
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew Stoddart
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Littlewood
- Substance Use Psychology Service, Astley Ainslie Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Roy Robertson
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Barbara Farquharson
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Heather Strachan
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
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Kaushal T, Satapathy S, Bakhshi S, Sagar R, Chadda RK. A parent-child conjoint psychological intervention for children in maintenance phase of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Feasibility and preliminary outcomes from a randomized control pilot trial. Arch Pediatr 2021; 29:145-152. [PMID: 34955301 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and test a brief Composite Intervention Module for Pre-adolescents with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (CIMPALL). DESIGN Single-center randomized controlled design. SETTING A tertiary care center of national importance PARTICIPANTS: A total of 36 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the maintenance phase of the treatment. INTERVENTION A five-session (540 min) brief, multidomain, audiovisually aided, therapist-facilitated conjoint intervention module for children with cancer and their parents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Standardized psychological tools for children including CBCL, CPSS (Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Scale), PedsQol (Pediatric Quality of Life), and NIMHANS (National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences) neuropsychological battery and parents including PTSD CC (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Civilian Checklist), CHIP (Coping Health Inventory for Parents), CBS (Caregiver Burden Scale), and SRQ (Self-Reporting Questionnaire). RESULTS A total of 36 patients were randomized to an experimental or a control group. Over 80% agreement was observed on indices of expert evaluation; 100% of participants found the sessions to be helpful, useful, appropriate in terms of time, duration, and place, and interventionist. The participation rate in the sessions was 94% and the study flow was smooth; 97.3% eligible candidates agreed to participate. Furthermore, 100% agreement on performance of activities was observed and the attrition rate was 5.26%. CONCLUSION This pilot study presents the CIMPALL, which to the best of our knowledge is the first of its kind in India. The data suggest that the CIMPALL intervention is feasibly delivered by a clinical psychologist and that the CIMPALL intervention has an impact on important psychosocial variables for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Kaushal
- Clinical Psychology, Office of the Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sujata Satapathy
- Clinical Psychology, Office of the Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Office of the Department of Medical Oncology, IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Sagar
- Office of the Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh K Chadda
- Office of the Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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A Review on Risk Management in Information Systems: Risk Policy, Control and Fraud Detection. ELECTRONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics10243065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Businesses are bombarded with great deals of risks, vulnerabilities, and unforeseen business interruptions in their lifetime, which negatively affect their productivity and sustainability within the market. Such risks require a risk management system to identify risks and risk factors and propose approaches to eliminate or reduce them. Risk management involves highly structured practices that should be implemented within an organization, including organizational planning documents. Continuity planning and fraud detection policy development are among the many critically important practices conducted through risk management that aim to mitigate risk factors, their vulnerability, and their impact. Information systems play a pivotal role in any organization by providing many benefits, such as reducing human errors and associated risks owing to the employment of sophisticated algorithms. Both the development and establishment of an information system within an organization contributes to mitigating business-related risks and also creates new types of risks associated with its establishment. Businesses must prepare for, react to, and recover from unprecedented threats that might emerge in the years or decades that follow. This paper provides a comprehensive narrative review of risk management in information systems coupled with its application in fraud detection and continuity planning.
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McFadden A, Fitzpatrick B, Shinwell S, Tosh K, Donnan P, Wallace LM, Johnson E, MacGillivray S, Gavine A, Farre A, Mactier H. Cue-based versus scheduled feeding for preterm infants transitioning from tube to oral feeding: the Cubs mixed-methods feasibility study. Health Technol Assess 2021; 25:1-146. [PMID: 34878383 DOI: 10.3310/hta25740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of evidence of the effect of cue-based feeding compared with scheduled feeding on important outcomes for preterm infants. OBJECTIVES The objectives were as follows: (1) to describe the characteristics, components, theoretical basis and outcomes of approaches to feeding preterm infants transitioning from tube to oral feeding; (2) to identify operational policies, barriers and facilitators, and staff and parents' educational needs in neonatal units implementing cue-based feeding; (3) to co-produce an intervention for feeding preterm infants in response to feeding cues; (4) to appraise the willingness of parents and staff to implement and sustain the intervention; (5) to assess associated costs of implementing cue-based feeding; (6) to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a future trial; (7) to scope existing data-recording systems and potential outcome measures; and (8) to determine stakeholders' views of whether or not a randomised controlled trial of this approach is feasible. DESIGN This was a mixed-methods intervention development and feasibility study comprising (1) a systematic review, case studies, qualitative research and stakeholder consensus; (2) the co-production of the intervention; (3) a mixed-methods feasibility study; and (4) an assessment of stakeholder preferences for a future evaluation. SETTING Three neonatal units in the UK (two level 3 units and one level 2 unit). PARTICIPANTS Developmentally normal, clinically stable preterm infants receiving enteral feeds (n = 50), parents (n = 15 pre intervention development; n = 14 in the feasibility study) and health-care practitioners (n = 54 pre intervention development; n = 16 in the feasibility study). INTERVENTION An evidence-informed multicomponent intervention comprising training, a feeding protocol, feeding assessment tools, supplementary training materials [including posters, a film and a narrated PowerPoint (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) presentation] and the 'Our Feeding Journey' document. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures were recruitment and screening rates, infant weight gain, duration of the intervention, feeding outcomes, implementation outcomes (contextual facilitators and barriers, acceptability, adoption, appropriateness and fidelity) and stakeholder preferences for a future evaluation. RESULTS The systematic review of 25 studies concluded that evidence in favour of cue-based feeding should be treated cautiously. The case studies and qualitative research highlighted contextual barriers to and facilitators of the implementation of cue-based feeding. The telephone survey found that many neonatal units are considering implementing cue-based feeding. We recruited 37% of eligible infants, and there was good retention in the study until discharge but a high loss to follow-up at 2 weeks post discharge. The mean number of days from intervention to transition to full oral feeding was 10.8, and the mean daily change in weight gain was 25 g. The intervention was acceptable to parents and staff, although there was dissatisfaction with the study documentation. Intervention training did not reach all staff. A cluster-randomised design with a composite outcome was suggested by stakeholders for a future study. LIMITATIONS The intervention was available only in English. Intervention training did not reach all staff. There was low recruitment to qualitative interviews and observations. Only a small number of medical staff engaged in either the training or the interviews. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to implement a cue-based feeding intervention with improved training and documentation. Further work is needed to assess the feasibility of a future trial, noting evidence of existing lack of equipoise. FUTURE WORK The next steps are to digitalise the intervention and conduct a survey of all neonatal units in the UK. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42018097317 and ISRCTN13414304. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 74. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shona Shinwell
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Karen Tosh
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Peter Donnan
- Tayside Clinical Trials Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Louise M Wallace
- School of Health, Wellbeing and Social Care, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | | | | | - Anna Gavine
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Albert Farre
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Helen Mactier
- Princess Royal Maternity, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
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Abstract
Background Human trafficking is a grave human rights violation and a major public health concern. Survivors present with high rates of mental health problems including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Studies of effective treatments for PTSD in survivors of human trafficking are lacking. Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is an effective PTSD treatment for multiple, prolonged and complex trauma, but its efficacy has not been rigorously tested in survivors of human trafficking. Aims To test the feasibility and acceptability of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) offering NET as a treatment for PTSD in trafficking survivors with a history of multiple traumatic events, as well as providing preliminary evidence regarding its efficacy (trial registration: ISRCTN95136302). Method A single-blind RCT compared NET with a wait-list control in survivors of trafficking with PTSD (n = 25). In the NET arm of the study, participants attended a mean of 17 sessions. Results NET was well tolerated by participants. There were significant reductions in PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms post-treatment in the NET group but no significant change in the wait-list group. Conclusions The results indicate that NET is a promising and acceptable treatment for trafficking survivors. Psychological therapy in an RCT design can be safely delivered to this vulnerable group, although modifications are required to ensure their holistic needs are properly addressed.
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Mellor K, Eddy S, Peckham N, Bond CM, Campbell MJ, Lancaster GA, Thabane L, Eldridge SM, Dutton SJ, Hopewell S. Progression from external pilot to definitive randomised controlled trial: a methodological review of progression criteria reporting. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048178. [PMID: 34183348 PMCID: PMC8240572 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prespecified progression criteria can inform the decision to progress from an external randomised pilot trial to a definitive randomised controlled trial. We assessed the characteristics of progression criteria reported in external randomised pilot trial protocols and results publications, including whether progression criteria were specified a priori and mentioned in prepublication peer reviewer reports. STUDY DESIGN Methodological review. METHODS We searched four journals through PubMed: British Medical Journal Open, Pilot and Feasibility Studies, Trials and Public Library of Science One. Eligible publications reported external randomised pilot trial protocols or results, were published between January 2018 and December 2019 and reported progression criteria. We double data extracted 25% of the included publications. Here we report the progression criteria characteristics. RESULTS We included 160 publications (123 protocols and 37 completed trials). Recruitment and retention were the most frequent indicators contributing to progression criteria. Progression criteria were mostly reported as distinct thresholds (eg, achieving a specific target; 133/160, 83%). Less than a third of the planned and completed pilot trials that included qualitative research reported how these findings would contribute towards progression criteria (34/108, 31%). The publications seldom stated who established the progression criteria (12/160, 7.5%) or provided rationale or justification for progression criteria (44/160, 28%). Most completed pilot trials reported the intention to proceed to a definitive trial (30/37, 81%), but less than half strictly met all of their progression criteria (17/37, 46%). Prepublication peer reviewer reports were available for 153/160 publications (96%). Peer reviewer reports for 86/153 (56%) publications mentioned progression criteria, with peer reviewers of 35 publications commenting that progression criteria appeared not to be specified. CONCLUSIONS Many external randomised pilot trial publications did not adequately report or propose prespecified progression criteria to inform whether to proceed to a future definitive randomised controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Mellor
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Saskia Eddy
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Peckham
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christine M Bond
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Michael J Campbell
- School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gillian A Lancaster
- School of Medicine and Keele Clinical Trials Unit (CTU), Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra M Eldridge
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Susan J Dutton
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sally Hopewell
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Beardmore-Gray A, Vousden N, Silverio SA, Charantimath U, Katageri G, Bellad M, Chinkoyo S, Vwalika B, Goudar S, Sandall J, Chappell LC, Shennan AH. Planned early delivery for late preterm pre-eclampsia in a low- and middle-income setting: a feasibility study. Reprod Health 2021; 18:110. [PMID: 34078408 PMCID: PMC8173959 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity globally. Planned delivery between 34+0 and 36+6 weeks may reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes but is yet to be evaluated in a low and middle-income setting. Prior to designing a randomised controlled trial to evaluate this in India and Zambia, we carried out a 6-month feasibility study in order to better understand the proposed trial environment and guide development of our intervention. METHODS We used mixed methods to understand the disease burden and current management of pre-eclampsia at our proposed trial sites and explore the acceptability of the intervention. We undertook a case notes review of women with pre-eclampsia who delivered at the proposed trial sites over a 3-month period, alongside facilitating focus group discussions with women and partners and conducting semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse audit data. A thematic framework analysis was used for qualitative data. RESULTS Case notes data (n = 326) showed that in our settings, 19.5% (n = 44) of women with pre-eclampsia delivering beyond 34 weeks experienced an adverse outcome. In women delivering between 34+0 and 36+6 weeks, there were similar numbers of antenatal stillbirths [n = 3 (3.3%)] and neonatal deaths [n = 3 (3.4%)]; median infant birthweight was 2.2 kg and 1.9 kg in Zambia and India respectively. Lived experience of women and healthcare providers was an important facilitator to the proposed intervention, highlighting the serious consequences of pre-eclampsia. A preference for spontaneous labour and limited neonatal resources were identified as potential barriers. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a clear need to evaluate the intervention and highlighted several challenges relating to trial context that enabled us to adapt our protocol and design an acceptable intervention. Our study demonstrates the importance of assessing feasibility when developing complex interventions, particularly in a low-resource setting. Additionally, it provides a unique insight into the management of pre-eclampsia at our trial settings and an understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs underpinning the acceptability of planned early delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Beardmore-Gray
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Nicola Vousden
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sergio A Silverio
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Umesh Charantimath
- Women's and Children's Health Research Unit, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, JNMC, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Geetanjali Katageri
- BVV Sangha's S Nijalingappa Medical College and HSK Hospital and Research Centre, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Mrutyunjaya Bellad
- Women's and Children's Health Research Unit, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, JNMC, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Sebastian Chinkoyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ndola Teaching Hospital, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Bellington Vwalika
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Shivaprasad Goudar
- Women's and Children's Health Research Unit, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, JNMC, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Jane Sandall
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy C Chappell
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew H Shennan
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Young CL, Mohebbi M, Staudacher H, Berk M, Jacka FN, O'Neil A. Assessing the feasibility of an m-Health intervention for changing diet quality and mood in individuals with depression: the My Food & Mood program. Int Rev Psychiatry 2021; 33:266-279. [PMID: 34039236 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2020.1854193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent randomized controlled trials have shown that improving diet quality reduces symptoms in those with depression. The provision of digital health interventions that can support dietary change in those with depression has important benefits with respect to reach, accessibility convenience and cost. The My Food & Mood study used single arm cohort design to test the feasibility of such an intervention. Participants with current depressive symptoms were recruited and enrolled online to use the My Food & Mood m-Health (smartphone delivered) program for 8 weeks. Participants completed depression (PHQ-8) and dietary questionnaires (MEDAS) at baseline, week 4 and week 8. Metrics of use and intensity of use engagement measures were calculated from system logs and data entries. There was a significant change in both MEDAS score (t = 8.147, df = 44, p < 0.001) and PHQ-8 score (t = -7.199, df = 44, p < 0.001) throughout the study. There was a moderate positive association between change in MEDAS score and activities completed, goals and weeks engaged, and a strong inverse association between change in MEDAS score and change in PHQ-8 score. An m-Health program targeting dietary intervention in those with depression was feasible. Dietary change was associated with higher engagement and reduced depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Young
- Food & Mood Centre, IIMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohammadreza Mohebbi
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Heidi Staudacher
- Food & Mood Centre, IIMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Food & Mood Centre, IIMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Food & Mood Centre, IIMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Parentela GM. Mental health research studies in Saudi Arabia for the years 2009-2019; a systematic scoping review. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:232-241. [PMID: 33781406 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An updated systematic scoping review and narrative analysis of all possible mental health studies done during the concerned immediate years clarifies its present condition and status for all professionals, and concerned researchers. AIMS To synthesize published mental health research studies in and for Saudi Arabia for the years 2009-2019 with the confidence to evaluate current situation, identify research gaps and limitations (if any), and assist in conceptualizing the forthcoming directions of future mental health research activities. METHODS Scoping systematic review and modified narrative analysis were the methods utilized to achieve the aim and objective set for this formal academic endeavor. RESULTS Of the 1006 published studies identified from chosen databases, a total of 241 papers were included and had passed the stringent criteria set for the scoping review process. Basic characteristics of the reviewed studies were quantitative survey type with about 101-500 size range of respondents, utilizing non-patients and adults for participants which were common and randomly chosen from selected population, and most research activities were self-funded. Four major research themes were found including a list of research limitations. CONCLUSIONS This systematic scoping review identified a wide range of results characterizing the different studies that qualified using pre-determined inclusion-exclusion criteria. Though of increasing publication volume in the past decade, most researches done were quantitative survey type whose themes seemed to show no drastic difference or change from the previous years of output. More variety in research themes would further improve the over-all quality of mental health publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil M Parentela
- King Saud University-College of Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Abuhaloob L, Helles N, Mossey P, Freeman R. An ADePT evaluation for incorporating the TIPPS periodontal health intervention into primary care antenatal programmes to enhance infant birth weight in Palestine: a feasibility study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2021; 7:91. [PMID: 33795025 PMCID: PMC8015161 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-021-00827-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A feasibility study was conducted to implement the Talk, Instruct, Practice, Plan and Support (TIPPS) intervention for pregnant women to enhance infant birth weight in a conflict area in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). The decision tool, A process for Decision-making after Pilot and feasibility Trials (ADePT), examines the methodological factors identified in a feasibility study, that may require modification for a full trial. Thus, this study aimed to use the ADePT decision tool to evaluate if the feasibility study had achieved its objectives and to identify the need for intervention, clinical context and trial design modification. Methods A one-arm, pretest–posttest feasibility study recruited 25 pregnant women in their first trimester and clinic staff from a primary healthcare clinic located in Gaza City, Palestine. The TIPPS periodontal health intervention was delivered by antenatal care nurses to the pregnant women during their regular follow-up appointments. The ADePT framework was applied to evaluate the findings from the feasibility study. The ADePT checklist demonstrated sample size estimation, recruitment, consent, intervention adherence, intervention acceptability, costs and duration, completion and appropriateness of outcome assessments, retention, logistics, and synergy between protocol components. Results All recruited pregnant women (25, aged 16–35 years old) consented to participate in the study, and the adherence to the intervention was 88% (22 women). The TIPPS intervention was acceptable, but there was ambivalence over who should deliver it in the clinic. Only the cost of toothbrushing and TIPPS information materials was calculated, while the cost of nurses’ time was not included. The missing values of data were few (12% of gingival bleeding data and 22% from infant birth weight data). This intervention significantly reduced the mean percentage of plaque and bleeding scores after 3 months. The sample size for future randomised controlled trial was estimated around 400 participants. The participants stated the value of the intervention. The clinic staff voiced concerns regarding time and the cost of nurses providing the TIPPS intervention. This allowed suggestions to be made regarding the modification of trial design and context of implementation. Conclusions The ADePT evaluation showed it was possible to progress to full trial with modifications in the trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamis Abuhaloob
- Dental School and Hospital, University of Dundee, Park Place, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 4HN, UK.
| | - Nahla Helles
- Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip and West Bank, Palestine
| | - Peter Mossey
- Dental School and Hospital, University of Dundee, Park Place, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Ruth Freeman
- Dental School and Hospital, University of Dundee, Park Place, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 4HN, UK
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Strawbridge R, Tsapekos D, Hodsoll J, Mantingh T, Yalin N, McCrone P, Boadu J, Macritchie K, Cella M, Reeder C, Fish J, Wykes T, Young AH. Cognitive remediation therapy for patients with bipolar disorder: A randomised proof-of-concept trial. Bipolar Disord 2021; 23:196-208. [PMID: 32583630 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) may benefit people with bipolar disorder type I and II for whom cognitive impairment is a major contributor to disability. Extensive research has demonstrated CRT to improve cognition and psychosocial functioning in people with different diagnoses, but randomised trials of evidenced therapy programmes are lacking for bipolar disorders. The Cognitive Remediation in Bipolar (CRiB) study aimed to determine whether an established CRT programme is feasible and acceptable for people with bipolar disorders. METHODS This proof-of-concept, single-blind randomised trial recruited participants aged 18-65 with bipolar disorder, not currently experiencing an episode. They were 1:1 block randomised to treatment-as-usual (TAU) with or without individual CRT for 12 weeks. The partly computerised CRT programme ("CIRCuiTS") was therapist-led and is evidence-based from trials in those with psychotic illnesses. Data were collected and analysed by investigators blinded to group allocation. The main outcomes (week 13 and 25) examined participant retention, intervention feasibility and putative effects of CRT on cognitive and psychosocial functioning via intention-to-treat analyses. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN ID32290525. RESULTS Sixty participants were recruited (02/2016-06/2018) and randomised to CRT (n = 29) or TAU (n = 31). Trial withdrawals were equivalent (CRT n = 2/29; TAU n = 5/31). CRT satisfaction indicated high acceptability. Intention-to-treat analyses (N = 60) demonstrated greater improvements for CRT- than TAU-randomised participants: at both week 13 and 25, CIRCuiTS participants showed larger improvements in the following domains (week 25 effect sizes reported here): IQ (SES = 0.71, 95% CI [0.29,1.13]), working memory (SES = 0.70, 95% CI [0.31,1.10]), executive function (SES = 0.93, 95% CI [0.33,1.54]), psychosocial functioning (SES = 0.49, 95% CI [0.18,0.80]) and goal attainment (SES = 2.02, 95% CI [0.89,3.14]). No serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS CRT is feasible for individuals with bipolar disorders and may enhance cognition and functioning. The reported effect sizes from this proof-of-concept trial encourage further investigation in a definitive trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Strawbridge
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dimosthenis Tsapekos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Hodsoll
- Department of Biostatistics, King's Clinical Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tim Mantingh
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nefize Yalin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul McCrone
- Department of Health Services and Population Research, King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Janet Boadu
- Department of Health Services and Population Research, King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Karine Macritchie
- OPTIMA Mood Disorders Service, Lambeth Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Matteo Cella
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Clare Reeder
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica Fish
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Til Wykes
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Allan H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,OPTIMA Mood Disorders Service, Lambeth Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Fox J, Erlandsson LK, Shiel A. A feasibility study of the Redesigning Daily Occupations (ReDO TM-10) programme in an Irish context. Scand J Occup Ther 2021; 29:415-429. [PMID: 33556290 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2021.1882561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite high demand, mental health services in primary care in Ireland are underdeveloped. People with mild/moderate anxiety, depression and unspecified psychological distress are frequently seen in primary care settings, mostly by general practitioners (GPs). Occupational therapists have the potential to contribute to service-provision with interventions specially designed for the targeted group e.g. the Redesigning Daily Occupations programme (ReDO-10). AIMS/OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the feasibility of a future RCT of the ReDO-10 programme in Ireland and the contextual factors that would influence future implementation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using a multi-phase, mixed-method design, qualitative and quantitative data were gathered from key stakeholders: ReDO-10 participants (n = 10), GPs (n = 9) and occupational therapists (n = 2). Acceptability, satisfaction, cultural fit and demand were explored, as well as methodological issues such as appropriateness of recruitment methods, outcome measures and randomization. RESULTS ReDO-10 was acceptable to participants who reported improvements in their occupational patterns and valued the group-based format. GPs and occupational therapists welcomed the intervention, but acknowledged the limitations of time and resources in the Irish primary care context. CONCLUSIONS ReDO-10 is feasible to explore in a future RCT in Ireland and this study provides important context for future implementation and/or research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie Fox
- School of Health Sciences, Áras Moyola, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,HRB Primary Care Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Discipline of General Practice, HRB Clinical Research Facility, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lena-Karin Erlandsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Agnes Shiel
- School of Health Sciences, Áras Moyola, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Ge J, Wei X, Zhang H, Fang G. Pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Actas Urol Esp 2021; 45:73-82. [PMID: 32893043 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the overall effect of pelvic muscle training (PFMT) on patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) based on eligible randomized controlled trials (RCT). METHODS We searched the following databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase, to identify eligible RCT based on the index words updated to December 2018. We also searched the publications related to the present study. Odds rations (OR), and mean difference (MD) along with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used to analyze the main outcomes. RESULTS In this meta-analysis, 15 RCTs were included with a total of 1309 patients in the PFMT group and a total of 1275 patients in the control group. The overall results showed no significant difference in the incidence of add 2 POP-Q stages (RR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.19-1.63), add 1 POP-Q stages (RR: 1.04, 95%CI: 0.69-1.57), no POP-Q stages change (RR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.81-1.09), reduce 2 POP-Q stages (RR: 1.72, 95%CI: 0.79-3.76), self-reported same symptom change (RR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.45-1.09), and self-reported worse symptom change (RR: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.22-2.03) between the 2groups. Besides, the incidence of reduce 1 POP-Q stages was significantly higher in the PFMT group than that of the control group (RR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.20-2.69), and the PFMT significantly changed the self-reported symptoms with better outcomes when compared with the control group (RR: 2.90, 95%CI: 1.72-4.89). However, after the therapy, the PFMT group decreased the POP-SS (SMD: -0.24, 95%CI: -0.71-0.22), POPDI-6 (SMD: -0.14, 95%CI: -0.43-0.15), CRADI-8 (SMD: -0.03, 95%CI: -0.16-0.11), and UDI-6 (SMD: -0.17, 95%CI: -0.43-0.10) versus the control group, but without statistical significance. CONCLUSION PMFT showed better effect in reducing 1 POP-Q stages, changing the self-reported symptoms with better outcomes, decreasing the score of POP-SS, POPDI-6, CRADI-8, and UDI-6 in women with POP versus the control group. However, more high-quality multicenter RCTs with a larger sample size are needed to confirm the present conclusions.
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Bugge C, Adams EJ, Gopinath D, Stewart F, Dembinsky M, Sobiesuo P, Kearney R. Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 11:CD004010. [PMID: 33207004 PMCID: PMC8094172 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004010.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pelvic organ prolapse is a common problem in women. About 40% of women will experience prolapse in their lifetime, with the proportion expected to rise in line with an ageing population. Women experience a variety of troublesome symptoms as a consequence of prolapse, including a feeling of 'something coming down' into the vagina, pain, urinary symptoms, bowel symptoms and sexual difficulties. Treatment for prolapse includes surgery, pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and vaginal pessaries. Vaginal pessaries are passive mechanical devices designed to support the vagina and hold the prolapsed organs back in the anatomically correct position. The most commonly used pessaries are made from polyvinyl-chloride, polythene, silicone or latex. Pessaries are frequently used by clinicians with high numbers of clinicians offering a pessary as first-line treatment for prolapse. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2003 and last published in 2013. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women; and summarise the principal findings of relevant economic evaluations of this intervention. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Incontinence Specialised Register which contains trials identified from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, MEDLINE Epub Ahead of Print, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and handsearching of journals and conference proceedings (searched 28 January 2020). We searched the reference lists of relevant articles and contacted the authors of included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials which included a pessary for pelvic organ prolapse in at least one arm of the study. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed abstracts, extracted data, assessed risk of bias and carried out GRADE assessments with arbitration from a third review author if necessary. MAIN RESULTS We included four studies involving a total of 478 women with various stages of prolapse, all of which took place in high-income countries. In one trial, only six of the 113 recruited women consented to random assignment to an intervention and no data are available for those six women. We could not perform any meta-analysis because each of the trials addressed a different comparison. None of the trials reported data about perceived resolution of prolapse symptoms or about psychological outcome measures. All studies reported data about perceived improvement of prolapse symptoms. Generally, the trials were at high risk of performance bias, due to lack of blinding, and low risk of selection bias. We downgraded the certainty of evidence for imprecision resulting from the low numbers of women participating in the trials. Pessary versus no treatment: at 12 months' follow-up, we are uncertain about the effect of pessaries compared with no treatment on perceived improvement of prolapse symptoms (mean difference (MD) in questionnaire scores -0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.61 to 0.55; 27 women; 1 study; very low-certainty evidence), and cure or improvement of sexual problems (MD -0.29, 95% CI -1.67 to 1.09; 27 women; 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). In this comparison we did not find any evidence relating to prolapse-specific quality of life or to the number of women experiencing adverse events (abnormal vaginal bleeding or de novo voiding difficulty). Pessary versus pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT): at 12 months' follow-up, we are uncertain if there is a difference between pessaries and PFMT in terms of women's perceived improvement in prolapse symptoms (MD -9.60, 95% CI -22.53 to 3.33; 137 women; low-certainty evidence), prolapse-specific quality of life (MD -3.30, 95% CI -8.70 to 15.30; 1 study; 116 women; low-certainty evidence), or cure or improvement of sexual problems (MD -2.30, 95% -5.20 to 0.60; 1 study; 48 women; low-certainty evidence). Pessaries may result in a large increase in risk of adverse events compared with PFMT (RR 75.25, 95% CI 4.70 to 1205.45; 1 study; 97 women; low-certainty evidence). Adverse events included increased vaginal discharge, and/or increased urinary incontinence and/or erosion or irritation of the vaginal walls. Pessary plus PFMT versus PFMT alone: at 12 months' follow-up, pessary plus PFMT probably leads to more women perceiving improvement in their prolapse symptoms compared with PFMT alone (RR 2.15, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.94; 1 study; 260 women; moderate-certainty evidence). At 12 months' follow-up, pessary plus PFMT probably improves women's prolapse-specific quality of life compared with PFMT alone (median (interquartile range (IQR)) POPIQ score: pessary plus PFMT 0.3 (0 to 22.2); 132 women; PFMT only 8.9 (0 to 64.9); 128 women; P = 0.02; moderate-certainty evidence). Pessary plus PFMT may slightly increase the risk of abnormal vaginal bleeding compared with PFMT alone (RR 2.18, 95% CI 0.69 to 6.91; 1 study; 260 women; low-certainty evidence). The evidence is uncertain if pessary plus PFMT has any effect on the risk of de novo voiding difficulty compared with PFMT alone (RR 1.32, 95% CI 0.54 to 3.19; 1 study; 189 women; low-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We are uncertain if pessaries improve pelvic organ prolapse symptoms for women compared with no treatment or PFMT but pessaries in addition to PFMT probably improve women's pelvic organ prolapse symptoms and prolapse-specific quality of life. However, there may be an increased risk of adverse events with pessaries compared to PFMT. Future trials should recruit adequate numbers of women and measure clinically important outcomes such as prolapse specific quality of life and resolution of prolapse symptoms. The review found two relevant economic evaluations. Of these, one assessed the cost-effectiveness of pessary treatment, expectant management and surgical procedures, and the other compared pessary treatment to PFMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Bugge
- School of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Elisabeth J Adams
- Department of Urodynamics, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Deepa Gopinath
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cairns Hospital, Cairns, Australia
| | - Fiona Stewart
- c/o Cochrane Incontinence, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Melanie Dembinsky
- School of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Pauline Sobiesuo
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rohna Kearney
- The Warrell Unit, Department of Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust, Manchester, UK
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Pearson N, Naylor PJ, Ashe MC, Fernandez M, Yoong SL, Wolfenden L. Guidance for conducting feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:167. [PMID: 33292770 PMCID: PMC7603668 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementation trials aim to test the effects of implementation strategies on the adoption, integration or uptake of an evidence-based intervention within organisations or settings. Feasibility and pilot studies can assist with building and testing effective implementation strategies by helping to address uncertainties around design and methods, assessing potential implementation strategy effects and identifying potential causal mechanisms. This paper aims to provide broad guidance for the conduct of feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials. METHODS We convened a group with a mutual interest in the use of feasibility and pilot trials in implementation science including implementation and behavioural science experts and public health researchers. We conducted a literature review to identify existing recommendations for feasibility and pilot studies, as well as publications describing formative processes for implementation trials. In the absence of previous explicit guidance for the conduct of feasibility or pilot implementation trials specifically, we used the effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial design typology proposed by Curran and colleagues as a framework for conceptualising the application of feasibility and pilot testing of implementation interventions. We discuss and offer guidance regarding the aims, methods, design, measures, progression criteria and reporting for implementation feasibility and pilot studies. CONCLUSIONS This paper provides a resource for those undertaking preliminary work to enrich and inform larger scale implementation trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pearson
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia.
| | - Patti-Jean Naylor
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, PO Box 3015 STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P1, Canada
| | - Maureen C Ashe
- Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia (UBC) and Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Maria Fernandez
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Sze Lin Yoong
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia
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Hind D, Drabble SJ, Arden MA, Mandefield L, Waterhouse S, Maguire C, Cantrill H, Robinson L, Beever D, Scott A, Keating S, Hutchings M, Bradley J, Nightingale J, Allenby MI, Dewar J, Whelan P, Ainsworth J, Walters SJ, Wildman MJ, O'Cathain A. Feasibility study for supporting medication adherence for adults with cystic fibrosis: mixed-methods process evaluation. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039089. [PMID: 33109661 PMCID: PMC7592300 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To undertake a process evaluation of an adherence support intervention for people with cystic fibrosis (PWCF), to assess its feasibility and acceptability. SETTING Two UK cystic fibrosis (CF) units. PARTICIPANTS Fourteen adult PWCF; three professionals delivering adherence support ('interventionists'); five multi-disciplinary CF team members. INTERVENTIONS Nebuliser with data recording and transfer capability, linked to a software platform, and strategies to support adherence to nebulised treatments facilitated by interventionists over 5 months (± 1 month). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MEASURES Feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, assessed through semistructured interviews, questionnaires, fidelity assessments and click analytics. RESULTS Interventionists were complimentary about the intervention and training. Key barriers to intervention feasibility and acceptability were identified. Interventionists had difficulty finding clinic space and time in normal working hours to conduct review visits. As a result, fewer than expected intervention visits were conducted and interviews indicated this may explain low adherence in some intervention arm participants. Adherence levels appeared to be >100% for some patients, due to inaccurate prescription data, particularly in patients with complex treatment regimens. Flatlines in adherence data at the start of the study were linked to device connectivity problems. Content and delivery quality fidelity were 100% and 60%-92%, respectively, indicating that interventionists needed to focus more on intervention 'active ingredients' during sessions. CONCLUSIONS The process evaluation led to 14 key changes to intervention procedures to overcome barriers to intervention success. With the identified changes, it is feasible and acceptable to support medication adherence with this intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN13076797; Results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hind
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah J Drabble
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Madelynne A Arden
- Centre for Behavioural Science and Applied Psychology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Simon Waterhouse
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Chin Maguire
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah Cantrill
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Louisa Robinson
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniel Beever
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alex Scott
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sam Keating
- Clincal Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marlene Hutchings
- Sheffield Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Judy Bradley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute For Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Julia Nightingale
- Wessex Adult Cystic Fibrosis Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark I Allenby
- Wessex Adult Cystic Fibrosis Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Jane Dewar
- Wolfson Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Pauline Whelan
- Health eResearch Centre - Division of Imaging, Informatics and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John Ainsworth
- Health eResearch Centre - Division of Imaging, Informatics and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen J Walters
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Martin J Wildman
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alicia O'Cathain
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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McGregor G, Hee SW, Eftekhari H, Holliday N, Pearce G, Sandhu H, Simmonds J, Joshi S, Kavi L, Bruce J, Panikker S, Lim B, Hayat S. Protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial of exercise rehabilitation for people with postural tachycardia syndrome: the PULSE study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:157. [PMID: 33083000 PMCID: PMC7569199 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00702-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an autonomic nervous system disorder causing an abnormal cardiovascular response to upright posture. It affects around 0.2% of the population, most commonly women aged 13 to 50 years. POTS can be debilitating; prolonged episodes of pre-syncope and fatigue can severely affect activities of daily living and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Medical treatment is limited and not supported by randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence. Lifestyle interventions are first-line treatment, including increased fluid and salt intake, compression tights and isometric counter-pressure manoeuvres to prevent fainting. Observational studies and small RCTs suggest exercise training may improve symptoms and HRQoL in POTS, but evidence quality is low. Methods Sixty-two people (aged 18-40 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of POTS will be invited to enrol on a feasibility RCT with embedded qualitative study. The primary outcome will be feasibility; process-related measures will include the number of people eligible, recruited, randomised and withdrawn, along with indicators of exercise programme adherence and acceptability. Secondary physiological, clinical and health-related outcomes including sub-maximal recumbent bike exercise test, active stand test and HRQoL will be measured at 4 and 7 months post-randomisation by researchers blinded to treatment allocation. The PostUraL tachycardia Syndrome Exercise (PULSE) intervention consists of (1) individual assessment; (2) 12-week, once to twice-weekly, supervised out-patient exercise training; (3) behavioural and motivational support; and (4) guided lifestyle physical activity. The control intervention will be best-practice usual care with a single 30-min, one-to-one practitioner appointment, and general advice on safe and effective physical activity. For the embedded qualitative study, participants (n = 10 intervention, n = 10 control) will be interviewed at baseline and 4 months post-randomisation to assess acceptability and the feasibility of progressing to a definitive trial. Discussion There is very little high-quality research investigating exercise rehabilitation for people with POTS. The PULSE study will be the first randomised trial to assess the feasibility of conducting a definitive multicentre RCT testing supervised exercise rehabilitation with behavioural and motivational support, compared to best-practice usual care, for people with POTS. Trial registration ISRCTN45323485 registered on 7 April 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon McGregor
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Watch Close, Coventry, CV1 3LN UK.,Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.,Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Siew Wan Hee
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Helen Eftekhari
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Nikki Holliday
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Gemma Pearce
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Harbinder Sandhu
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jane Simmonds
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shivam Joshi
- Research & Development, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Julie Bruce
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Sandeep Panikker
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Boon Lim
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sajad Hayat
- Department of Cardiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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38
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Finlay-Jones AL, Davis JA, O'Donovan A, Kottampally K, Ashley RA, Silva D, Ohan JL, Prescott SL, Downs J. Comparing Web-Based Mindfulness With Loving-Kindness and Compassion Training for Promoting Well-Being in Pregnancy: Protocol for a Three-Arm Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e19803. [PMID: 33052131 PMCID: PMC7593853 DOI: 10.2196/19803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting psychological well-being and preventing distress among pregnant women is an important public health goal. In addition to adversely impacting the mother's health and well-being, psychological distress in pregnancy increases the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes, compromises infant socioemotional development and bonding, and heightens maternal and child vulnerability in the postpartum period. Mindfulness and compassion-based interventions show potential for prevention and early intervention for perinatal distress. As there is an established need for accessible, scalable, flexible, and low-cost interventions, there is increased interest in the delivery of these programs on the web. This project aims to pilot a three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) to determine the feasibility of a full-scale RCT comparing 2 web-based interventions (mindfulness vs loving-kindness and compassion) with a web-based active control condition (progressive muscle relaxation). OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of an RCT protocol comparing the 3 conditions delivered on the web as a series of instructional materials and brief daily practices over a course of 8 weeks. The second objective is to explore the experiences of women in the different intervention conditions. The third objective is to estimate SD values for the outcome measures to inform the design of an adequately powered trial to determine the comparative efficacy of the different conditions. METHODS Pregnant women (n=75) participating in a longitudinal birth cohort study (the ORIGINS project) will be recruited to this study from 18 weeks of gestational age. We will assess the acceptability and feasibility of recruitment and retention strategies and the participants' engagement and adherence to the interventions. We will also assess the experiences of women in each of the 3 intervention conditions by measuring weekly changes in their well-being and engagement with the program and by conducting a qualitative analysis of postprogram interviews. RESULTS This project was funded in September 2019 and received ethics approval on July 8, 2020. Enrollment to the study will commence in September 2020. Feasibility of a full-scale RCT will be assessed using ADePT (a process for decision making after pilot and feasibility trials) criteria. CONCLUSIONS If the study is shown to be feasible, results will be used to inform future full-scale RCTs. Evidence for flexible, scalable, and low-cost interventions could inform population health strategies to promote well-being and reduce psychological distress among pregnant women. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number 12620000672954p; http://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12620000672954p.aspx. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/19803.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Louise Finlay-Jones
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.,Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Ann Davis
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.,Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | | | - Keerthi Kottampally
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | | | - Desiree Silva
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.,Joondalup Health Campus, Joondalup, Australia
| | | | - Susan L Prescott
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Jenny Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.,Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
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39
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Allan LM, Wheatley A, Smith A, Flynn E, Homer T, Robalino S, Beyer FR, Fox C, Howel D, Barber R, Connolly JA, Robinson L, Parry SW, Rochester L, Corner L, Bamford C. An intervention to improve outcomes of falls in dementia: the DIFRID mixed-methods feasibility study. Health Technol Assess 2020; 23:1-208. [PMID: 31661058 DOI: 10.3310/hta23590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fall-related injuries are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in people with dementia. There is presently little evidence to guide the management of such injuries, and yet there are potentially substantial benefits to be gained if the outcomes of these injuries could be improved. This study aimed to design an appropriate new health-care intervention for people with dementia following a fall and to assess the feasibility of its delivery in the UK NHS. OBJECTIVES To determine whether or not it is possible to design an intervention to improve outcomes of falls in dementia, to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of the DIFRID (Developing an Intervention for Fall related Injuries in Dementia) intervention and to investigate the feasibility of a future randomised controlled trial and the data collection tools needed to evaluate both the effectiveness and the cost-effectiveness of the DIFRID intervention. DESIGN This was a mixed-methods feasibility study. A systematic review (using Cochrane methodology) and realist review [using Realist And Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards (RAMESES) methodology] explored the existing evidence base and developed programme theories. Searches were carried out in November 2015 (updated in January 2018) for effectiveness studies and in August 2016 for economic studies. A prospective observational study identified service use via participant diary completion. Qualitative methods (semistructured interviews, focus groups and observation) were used to explore current practice, stakeholder perspectives of the health and social care needs of people with dementia following a fall, ideas for intervention and barriers to and facilitators of change. Each of the resulting data sets informed intervention development via Delphi consensus methods. Finally, a single-arm feasibility study with embedded process evaluation was conducted. SETTING This study was set in the community. PARTICIPANTS The participants were (1) people with dementia presenting with falls necessitating health-care attention in each setting (primary care, the community and secondary care) at three sites and their carers, (2) professionals delivering the intervention, who were responsible for training and supervision and who were members of the intervention team, (3) professionals responsible for approaching and recruiting participants and (4) carers of participants with dementia. INTERVENTIONS This was a complex multidisciplinary therapy intervention. Physiotherapists, occupational therapists and support workers delivered up to 22 sessions of tailored activities in the home or local area of the person with dementia over a period of 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES (1) Assessment of feasibility of study procedures; (2) assessment of the acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of intervention components; and (3) assessment of the suitability and acceptability of outcome measures for people with dementia and their carers (number of falls, quality of life, fear of falling, activities of daily living, goal-setting, health-care utilisation and carer burden). RESULTS A multidisciplinary intervention delivered in the homes of people with dementia was designed based on qualitative work, realist review and recommendations of the consensus panel. The intervention was delivered to 11 people with dementia. The study suggested that the intervention is both feasible and acceptable to stakeholders. A number of modifications were recommended to address some of the issues arising during feasibility testing. The measurement of outcome measures was successful. CONCLUSIONS The study has highlighted the feasibility of delivering a creative, tailored, individual approach to intervention for people with dementia following a fall. Although the intervention required greater investment of time than usual practice, many staff valued the opportunity to work more closely with people with dementia and their carers. We conclude that further research is now needed to refine this intervention in the context of a pilot randomised controlled trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41760734 and PROSPERO CRD42016029565. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 23, No. 59. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Allan
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Alison Wheatley
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy Smith
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Elizabeth Flynn
- Department of Physiotherapy, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tara Homer
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Shannon Robalino
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona R Beyer
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christopher Fox
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Denise Howel
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert Barber
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jim Anthony Connolly
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Louise Robinson
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Steve Wayne Parry
- Falls and Syncope Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lynn Rochester
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lynne Corner
- VOICE, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Claire Bamford
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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40
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Hankonen N, Absetz P, Araújo-Soares V. Changing activity behaviours in vocational school students: the stepwise development and optimised content of the 'let's move it' intervention. Health Psychol Behav Med 2020; 8:440-460. [PMID: 34040880 PMCID: PMC8114352 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2020.1813036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: School-based interventions that increase physical activity (PA) in a sustainable way are lacking. Systematic and participatory, theory and evidence-based intervention development may enhance the effectiveness of complex behavioural interventions in the long term. However, detailed descriptions of the intervention development process are rarely openly published, hindering transparency and progress in the field. Aims: To illustrate a stepwise process to develop intervention targeting PA and sedentary behaviour (SB) among older adolescents, and to describe the final, optimised version of the intervention, detailing content of sessions by theoretical determinants and techniques. Methods: Two established intervention development frameworks (Intervention Mapping and Behaviour Change Wheel) were integrated, leading to a comprehensive evidence and theory-based process. It was informed by empirical studies, literature reviews, expert and stakeholder consultation, including scenario evaluation and component pre-testing. In all steps, contextual fit and potential for sustainability were ensured by stakeholder engagement. Results: As a large majority of youth opposed decreasing screen time, increasing PA and decreasing SB were defined as target behaviours, with peers and the school context including classroom practices as key social environments in influencing youth PA (problem specification, step 1). Behavioural diagnosis (step 2) identified a variety of determinants in the domains of capability (e.g. self-regulation skills), motivation (e.g. outcome expectations) and environmental opportunities. These were organised into an intervention theory integrating several formal theories, including Self-Determination Theory. Theory-aligned principles guided material design (Step 3). Feasibility RCT allowed optimisation into a final intervention protocol (step 4). Conclusions: Intervention elements target students directly, and indirectly by changing teacher behaviour and the school and wider environment. A systematic development and optimisation led to a high potential for sustainability. The detailed intervention content, with specification of the hypothesised mechanisms, allows for other researchers to replicate, adapt or refine parts or the whole intervention, considering specific target groups and (sub-)cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Hankonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pilvikki Absetz
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
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41
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Alderson H, Kaner E, McColl E, Howel D, Fouweather T, McGovern R, Copello A, Brown H, McArdle P, Smart D, Brown R, Lingam R. A pilot feasibility randomised controlled trial of two behaviour change interventions compared to usual care to reduce substance misuse in looked after children and care leavers aged 12-20 years: The SOLID study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238286. [PMID: 32898141 PMCID: PMC7478815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young people in state care, often due to abuse or neglect, have a four-fold increased risk of drug and alcohol use compared to their peers. AIM The SOLID study aimed to investigate the feasibility of a definitive randomised controlled trial, comparing two behaviour change interventions to reduce risky substance use (illicit drugs and alcohol), and improve mental health, in young people in care. METHODS We recruited young people in care aged 12-20 years, self-reporting substance use within the previous 12 months and residing in 1 of 6 participating local authority sites in the North East of England. Participants were randomised to either i. Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET), ii. Social Behaviour and Network Therapy (SBNT) or iii. Control (usual care). All interventions were delivered by trained drug and alcohol workers. Follow-up data were collected 12 months post recruitment. Feasibility for trial progression was compared to pre-specified stop: go criteria (recruitment of 60% of eligible participants, 80% of participants attending 60% of offered sessions and retention of 70% of participants at 12 month follow up). RESULTS Of 1450 eligible participants, 860 (59%) were screened for drug and alcohol use by social workers, 211 (24.5%) met inclusion criteria for the trial and 112 young people (7.7%) consented and were randomised. Sixty of these 112 participants (54%) completed 12-month follow-up questionnaires. Only 15 out of the 76 (20%) participants allocated to an intervention arm attended any of the offered MET or SBNT sessions. CONCLUSION By reference to pre-specified stop: go criteria it is not feasible to conduct a definitive trial for SOLID in its current format. Despite co-designing procedures with staff and young people in care, the screening, referral and treatment pathway did not work here. Future work may require dedicated clinically embedded research resource to evaluate effectiveness of new interventions in services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Alderson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Eileen Kaner
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine McColl
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Denise Howel
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Fouweather
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth McGovern
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Copello
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Brown
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Paul McArdle
- Child and Adolescent, Mental Health Services, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Smart
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Brown
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Raghu Lingam
- Population Child Health Research Group, School of Women and Children’s Health, University New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
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Sørensen CA, Olesen C, Lisby M, Enemark U, de Thurah A. Self-administration of medication during hospitalization-a randomized pilot study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:116. [PMID: 32821422 PMCID: PMC7433129 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00665-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-administration of medication (SAM) during hospitalization is a complex intervention where patients are involved in their course of treatment. The study aim was to pilot test the SAM intervention. The objectives were to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial on the safety and cost-consequences of SAM during hospitalization. Methods The study was performed in a Danish cardiology unit. Patients ≥ 18 years capable of self-administering medication during hospitalization were eligible. Patients were excluded if they did not self-administer medication at home, were incapable of self-administering medication, were not prescribed medication suitable for self-administration, did not bring their medication, or were unable to speak Danish. Feasibility was assessed as part of the pilot study. A future randomized controlled trial was considered feasible if it was possible to recruit 60 patients within 3 months, if outcome measurement method was capable of detecting dispensing errors in both groups, and if patients in the intervention group were more satisfied with the medication management during hospitalization compared to the control group. Forty patients were recruited to gain experience about the intervention (self-administration). Additionally, 20 patients were randomized to the intervention or control group (nurse-led dispensing) to gain experience about the randomization procedure. Dispensing error proportions were based on data collected through disguised observation of patients and nurses during dispensing. The error proportion in the control group was used for the sample size calculation. Patient acceptability was assessed through telephone calls. Results Of the 60 patients recruited, one withdrew and 11 were discharged before observation resulting in analysis of 39 patients in the intervention group and nine in the control group. A dispensing error proportion of 3.4% was found in the intervention group and 16.1% in the control group. A total of 91.7% of patients in the intervention group and 66.7% in the control group were highly satisfied with the medication management during hospitalization. The overall protocol worked as planned. Minor changes in exclusion criteria, intervention, and outcome measures were considered. Conclusions It may be feasible to perform a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of the safety and cost-consequences of self-administration of medication during hospitalization. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03541421, retrospectively registered on 30 May 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Arp Sørensen
- Hospital Pharmacy Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark.,Medical Department, Randers Regional Hospital, Dronningborg Boulevard 16D, 8930 Randers, NØ Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Olesen
- Hospital Pharmacy Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark.,Clinical Pharmacy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marianne Lisby
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Research Centre for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulrika Enemark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Annette de Thurah
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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43
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Positively Mindful: A Mixed Method Feasibility Study of Mindfulness Meditation for People Living with HIV in the UK. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Warner G, Durbeej N, Salari R, Fängström K, Lampa E, Baghdasaryan Z, Osman F, Gupta Löfving S, Perez Aronsson A, Feldman I, Sampaio F, Ssegonja R, Bjärtå A, Rondung E, Leiler A, Wasteson E, Calam R, Oppedal B, Keeshin B, Sarkadi A. Evaluation of the teaching recovery techniques community-based intervention for accompanied refugee children experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (Accompanied refugeeS In Sweden Trial; ASsIST): study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035459. [PMID: 32713847 PMCID: PMC7383950 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refugee children have often experienced traumas and are at significant risk of developing mental health problems, such as symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety, which can continue for years after resettlement. The Accompanied refugeeS In Sweden Trial (ASsIST) aims to evaluate a community-based intervention, called 'Teaching Recovery Techniques' (TRT), for accompanied refugee minors experiencing PTSD symptoms. METHODS/DESIGN A cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted in which participants will be randomly allocated to one of the two possible arms: the intervention arm (n=113) will be offered the TRT programme and the waitlist-control arm (n=113) will receive services as usual, followed by the TRT programme around 20 weeks later. Outcome data will be collected at three points: pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2; c.8 weeks after randomisation) and follow-up (T3; c.20 weeks after randomisation). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was granted by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Uppsala (Ref. 2018/382) (24th February 2019). Results will be published in scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION DETAILS ISRCTN17754931. Prospectively registered on 4th June 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Warner
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Natalie Durbeej
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Raziye Salari
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Fängström
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elin Lampa
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zaruhi Baghdasaryan
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fatumo Osman
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sandra Gupta Löfving
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Perez Aronsson
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Inna Feldman
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Filipa Sampaio
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Richard Ssegonja
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Bjärtå
- Department of Psychology, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Rondung
- Department of Psychology, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Anna Leiler
- Department of Psychology, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | | | - Rachel Calam
- Division of Clinical Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Brit Oppedal
- Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Brooks Keeshin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anna Sarkadi
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Poolman M, Roberts J, Wright S, Hendry A, Goulden N, Holmes EA, Byrne A, Perkins P, Hoare Z, Nelson A, Hiscock J, Hughes D, O'Connor J, Foster B, Reymond L, Healy S, Lewis P, Wee B, Johnstone R, Roberts R, Parkinson A, Roberts S, Wilkinson C. Carer administration of as-needed subcutaneous medication for breakthrough symptoms in people dying at home: the CARiAD feasibility RCT. Health Technol Assess 2020; 24:1-150. [PMID: 32484432 DOI: 10.3310/hta24250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most people who are dying want to be cared for at home, but only half of them achieve this. The likelihood of a home death often depends on the availability of able and willing lay carers. When people who are dying are unable to take oral medication, injectable medication is used. When top-up medication is required, a health-care professional travels to the dying person's home, which may delay symptom relief. The administration of subcutaneous medication by lay carers, although not widespread UK practice, has proven to be key in achieving better symptom control for those dying at home in other countries. OBJECTIVES To determine if carer administration of as-needed subcutaneous medication for common breakthrough symptoms in people dying at home is feasible and acceptable in the UK, and if it would be feasible to test this intervention in a future definitive randomised controlled trial. DESIGN We conducted a two-arm, parallel-group, individually randomised, open pilot trial of the intervention versus usual care, with a 1 : 1 allocation ratio, using convergent mixed methods. SETTING Home-based care without 24/7 paid care provision, in three UK sites. PARTICIPANTS Participants were dyads of adult patients and carers: patients in the last weeks of their life who wished to die at home and lay carers who were willing to be trained to give subcutaneous medication. Strict risk assessment criteria needed to be met before approach, including known history of substance abuse or carer ability to be trained to competency. INTERVENTION Intervention-group carers received training by local nurses using a manualised training package. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Quantitative data were collected at baseline and 6-8 weeks post bereavement and via carer diaries. Interviews with carers and health-care professionals explored attitudes to, experiences of and preferences for giving subcutaneous medication and experience of trial processes. The main outcomes of interest were feasibility, acceptability, recruitment rates, attrition and selection of the most appropriate outcome measures. RESULTS In total, 40 out of 101 eligible dyads were recruited (39.6%), which met the feasibility criterion of recruiting > 30% of eligible dyads. The expected recruitment target (≈50 dyads) was not reached, as fewer than expected participants were identified. Although the overall retention rate was 55% (22/40), this was substantially unbalanced [30% (6/20) usual care and 80% (16/20) intervention]. The feasibility criterion of > 40% retention was, therefore, considered not met. A total of 12 carers (intervention, n = 10; usual care, n = 2) and 20 health-care professionals were interviewed. The intervention was considered acceptable, feasible and safe in the small study population. The context of the feasibility study was not ideal, as district nurses were seriously overstretched and unfamiliar with research methods. A disparity in readiness to consider the intervention was demonstrated between carers and health-care professionals. Findings showed that there were methodological and ethics issues pertaining to researching last days of life care. CONCLUSION The success of a future definitive trial is uncertain because of equivocal results in the progression criteria, particularly poor recruitment overall and a low retention rate in the usual-care group. Future work regarding the intervention should include understanding the context of UK areas where this has been adopted, ascertaining wider public views and exploring health-care professional views on burden and risk in the NHS context. There should be consideration of the need for national policy and of the most appropriate quantitative outcome measures to use. This will help to ascertain if there are unanswered questions to be studied in a trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN11211024. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 25. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stella Wright
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Annie Hendry
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Nia Goulden
- North Wales Organisation for Randomised Trials in Health, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | | | - Anthony Byrne
- Marie Curie Research Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Paul Perkins
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK.,Sue Ryder Leckhampton Court Hospice, Cheltenham, UK
| | - Zoe Hoare
- North Wales Organisation for Randomised Trials in Health, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Annmarie Nelson
- Marie Curie Research Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Julia Hiscock
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Dyfrig Hughes
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | | | - Betty Foster
- Public Contributor, North Wales Cancer Patient Forum, North Wales Cancer Treatment Centre, Bodelwyddan, UK
| | - Liz Reymond
- Brisbane South Palliative Care Collaborative, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Sue Healy
- Metro South Palliative Care Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Penney Lewis
- Centre for Medical Law and Ethics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bee Wee
- Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Sian Roberts
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
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McHale CT, Cruickshank S, Torrens C, Armes J, Fenlon D, Banks E, Kelsey T, Humphris GM. A controlled pilot trial of a nurse-led intervention (Mini-AFTERc) to manage fear of cancer recurrence in patients affected by breast cancer. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:60. [PMID: 32399254 PMCID: PMC7204012 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is common in people affected by breast cancer. FCR is associated with increased health service and medication use, anxiety, depression and reduced quality of life. Existing interventions for FCR are time and resource intensive, making implementation in a National Health Service (NHS) setting challenging. To effectively manage FCR in current clinical practice, less intensive FCR interventions are required. Mini-AFTERc is a structured 30-min counselling intervention delivered over the telephone and is designed to normalise moderate FCR levels by targeting unhelpful behaviours and misconceptions about cancer recurrence.This multi-centre non-randomised controlled pilot trial will investigate the feasibility of delivering the Mini-AFTERc intervention, its acceptability and usefulness, in relation to specialist breast cancer nurses (SBCNs) and patients. This protocol describes the rationale, methods and analysis plan for this pilot trial of the Mini-AFTERc intervention in everyday practice. METHODS This study will run in four breast cancer centres in NHS Scotland, two intervention and two control centres. SBCNs at intervention centres will be trained to deliver the Mini-AFTERc intervention. Female patients who have completed primary breast cancer treatment in the previous 6 months will be screened for moderate FCR (FCR4 score: 10‑14). Participants at intervention centres will receive the Mini-AFTERc intervention within 2 weeks of recruitment. SBCNs will audio record the intervention telephone discussions with participants. Fidelity of intervention implementation will be assessed from audio recordings. All participants will complete three separate follow-up questionnaires assessing changes in FCR, anxiety, depression and quality of life over 3 months. Normalisation process theory (NPT) will form the framework for semi-structured interviews with 20% of patients and all SBCNs. Interviews will explore participants' experience of the study, acceptability and usefulness of the intervention and factors influencing implementation within clinical practice. The ADePT process will be adopted to systematically problem solve and refine the trial design. DISCUSSION Findings will provide evidence for the potential effectiveness, fidelity, acceptability and practicality of the Mini-AFTERc intervention, and will inform the design and development of a large randomised controlled trial (RCT). TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT0376382. Registered 4th December 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03763825.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum T. McHale
- Division of Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9TF UK
| | | | - Claire Torrens
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Jo Armes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey UK
| | - Deborah Fenlon
- College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Tom Kelsey
- School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Gerald M. Humphris
- Division of Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9TF UK
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Bailey S, Boivin J, Cheong Y, Bailey C, Kitson-Reynolds E, Macklon N. Effective support following recurrent pregnancy loss: a randomized controlled feasibility and acceptability study. Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 40:729-742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cleaning up China's Medical Cabinet-An Antibiotic Take-Back Programme to Reduce Household Antibiotic Storage for Unsupervised Use in Rural China: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9050212. [PMID: 32349422 PMCID: PMC7277206 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
: Background: Antibiotic misuse and unsafe disposal harm the environment and human health and contribute to the global threat of antimicrobial resistance. Household storage of antibiotics for unsupervised use and careless disposal of medications is a common practice in China and most low- and middle-income countries. Currently, few interventions are available to address this challenge. OBJECTIVE This study assesses the feasibility and acceptability of an evidence-based, theory-informed, community-based take-back programme for disposing household's expired, unwanted, or unused antibiotics in rural China. METHODS We adopted the RE-AIM framework and the community-based participatory research principles in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the intervention. The RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) and Medical Research Council's frameworks were employed in analysing and reporting evaluation results. A mixed-methods, controlled pre-and post-test design was used for 1) quantitative surveying of a representative community panel of 50 households, and 2) qualitative semi-structured stakeholders' interviews to explore intervention and study design feasibility and acceptability at three phases: pre-intervention, intervention, and post-intervention. Quantitative and qualitative data from a similar village-serving as a control-were also collected. RESULTS All a priori feasibility objectives were met: Conversion to consent was 100.0% (100 screened, approached, recruited, and consented). All participants completed the pre-intervention assessment, and 44/50 households in the intervention village completed the post-intervention assessment. The programme, embedded in existing social and physical infrastructure for dissemination, directly reached over 68.2% (30/44) of its target audience. Stakeholders reported the intervention and study design as feasible and acceptable. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of community-based antibiotic take-back programmes in China to encourage safe disposal and decrease the availability of expired, unwanted, or unused antibiotics in the household for unsupervised use.
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Hester KLM, Ryan V, Newton J, Rapley T, De Soyza A. Bronchiectasis Information and Education: a randomised, controlled feasibility trial. Trials 2020; 21:331. [PMID: 32293509 PMCID: PMC7158127 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-4134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There has been comparatively little patient information about bronchiectasis, a chronic lung disease with rising prevalence. Patients want more information, which could improve their understanding and self-management. A novel information resource meeting identified needs has been co-developed in prior work. We sought to establish the feasibility of conducting a multi-centre randomised controlled trial to determine effect of the information resource on understanding, self-management and health outcomes. Methods/design We conducted an unblinded, single-centre, randomised controlled feasibility trial with two parallel groups (1:1 ratio), comparing a novel patient information resource with usual care in adults with bronchiectasis. Integrated qualitative methods allowed further evaluation of the intervention and trial process. The setting was two teaching hospitals in North East England. Participants randomised to the intervention group received the information resource (website and booklet) and instructions on its use. Feasibility outcome measures included willingness to enter the trial, in addition to recruitment and retention rates. Secondary outcome measures (resource use and satisfaction, quality of life, unscheduled healthcare presentations, exacerbation frequency, bronchiectasis knowledge and lung function) were recorded at baseline, 2 weeks and 12 weeks. Results Sixty-two participants were randomised (control group = 30; intervention group = 32). Thirty-eight (61%) were female, and the participants’ median age was 65 years (range 15–81). Median forced expiratory volume in 1 s percent predicted was 68% (range 10–120). Sixty-two of 124 (50%; 95% CI, 41–59%) of potentially eligible participants approached were recruited. Sixty (97%) of 62 participants completed the study (control group, 29 of 30 [97%]; 95% CI, 83–99%; 1 unrelated death; intervention group, 31 [97%] of 32; 95% CI, 84–99%; 1 withdrawal). In the intervention group, 27 (84%) of 32 reported using the information provided, and 25 (93%) of 27 of users found it useful, particularly the video content. Qualitative data analysis revealed acceptability of the trial and intervention. Web analytics recorded over 20,000 page views during the 16-month study period. Conclusion The successful recruitment process, high retention rate and study form completion rates indicate that it appears feasible to conduct a full trial based on this study design. Worldwide demand for online access to the information resource was high. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN84229105. Registered on 25 July 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy L M Hester
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK. .,Adult Bronchiectasis Service, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK.
| | - Vicky Ryan
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Julia Newton
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Tim Rapley
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7XA, UK
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Adult Bronchiectasis Service, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
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50
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Cowling P, Hackney R, Dube B, Grainger AJ, Biglands JD, Stanley M, Song D, Conaghan PG, Kingsbury SR. The use of a synthetic shoulder patch for large and massive rotator cuff tears - a feasibility study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:213. [PMID: 32264949 PMCID: PMC7140555 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of using a non-absorbable biocompatible polyester patch to augment open repair of massive rotator cuff tears (Patch group) and compare outcomes with other treatment options (Non-patch group). Methods Participants referred to orthopaedic clinics for rotator cuff surgery were recruited. Choice of intervention (Patch or Non-patch) was based on patient preference and intra-operative findings. Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and Constant score were completed at baseline and 6 months. Shoulder MRI was performed at baseline and 6 months to assess fat fraction and Goutallier classification pre- and post- treatment. Feasibility outcomes (including retention, consent and missing data) were assessed. Results Sixty-eight participants (29 in the Patch group, 39 in Non-patch group) were included (mean age 65.3 years). Conversion to consent (92.6%), missing data (0% at baseline), and attrition rate (16%) were deemed successful feasibility endpoints. There was significant improvement in the Patch group compared to Non-patch at 6 months in OSS (difference in medians 9.76 (95% CI 2.25, 17.29) and SPADI: 22.97 (95% CI 3.02, 42.92), with no substantive differences in Constant score. The patch group had a higher proportion of participants improving greater than MCID for OSS (78% vs 62%) and SPADI (63% vs 50%) respectively. Analysis of the 48 paired MRIs demonstrated a slight increase in the fat fraction for supraspinatus (53 to 55%), and infraspinatus (26 to 29%) at 6 months. These differences were similar and in the same direction when the participants were analysed by treatment group. The Goutallier score remained the same or worsened one grade in both groups equally. Conclusions This study indicates that a definitive clinical trial investigating the use of a non-absorbable patch to augment repair of massive rotator cuff tears is feasible. In such patients, the patch has the potential to improve shoulder symptoms at 6 months. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN79844053, Registered 15th October 2014 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cowling
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.
| | - R Hackney
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - B Dube
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - A J Grainger
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - J D Biglands
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - M Stanley
- Leeds Medical School, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - D Song
- Leeds Medical School, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - P G Conaghan
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S R Kingsbury
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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