1
|
Macko M, Antoš J, Božek F, Konečný J, Huzlík J, Hegrová J, Kuřitka I. Development of New Health Risk Assessment of Nanoparticles: EPA Health Risk Assessment Revised. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:20. [PMID: 36615930 PMCID: PMC9823543 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of nanoparticles in the ambient air can lead to induced toxicities; however, it appears that nanoparticles’ unique properties are completely omitted when assessing health risks. This paper aims to enhance the EPA health risk assessment by incorporating two new variables that consider the size of nanoparticles: the toxicity multiplier and the size multiplier. The former considers the qualitative aspect of the size of particles within a concentration, whilst the latter takes into account the effects associated with the number of particles of the specific i-th size distribution interval. To observe the impact of the new variables, a case study was performed. The studied element was cadmium, which was measured using ICP-MS to discover concentrations of size fractions, ranging from <15.1 to <9830 nm. Next, the cadmium concentration is assessed using both the current state-of-the-art method and the proposed method with adjustments. Based on the new approach, the final risk was 1.1 × 10−5, which was almost 24 times higher compared with the current method. The contribution of nanoparticles to the risk value grew from barely 6% to an alarming 88%. Therefore, the enhanced method can lead to more realistic results when assessing the health risks of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Macko
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, třída Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Antoš
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, třída Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - František Božek
- Faculty of Logistics and Crisis Management, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Studentské nám. 1532, 686 01 Uherské Hradiště, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Konečný
- Faculty of Logistics and Crisis Management, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Studentské nám. 1532, 686 01 Uherské Hradiště, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Huzlík
- Transport Research Centre, Division of Sustainable Transport and Transport Structures Diagnostics, Líšeňská 33a, 619 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Hegrová
- Transport Research Centre, Division of Sustainable Transport and Transport Structures Diagnostics, Líšeňská 33a, 619 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Kuřitka
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, třída Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Athie-García MS, Piñón-Castillo HA, Muñoz-Castellanos LN, Ulloa-Ogaz AL, Martínez-Varela PI, Quintero-Ramos A, Duran R, Murillo-Ramirez JG, Orrantia-Borunda E. Cell wall damage and oxidative stress in Candida albicans ATCC10231 and Aspergillus niger caused by palladium nanoparticles. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 48:111-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
4
|
Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Welche Katalysatormetalle sind harmlos, welche giftig? Vergleich der Toxizitäten von Ni-, Cu-, Fe-, Pd-, Pt-, Rh- und Au-Salzen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S. Egorova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky prospect 47 Moscow 119991 Russland
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky prospect 47 Moscow 119991 Russland
- Department of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Stary Petergof 198504 Russland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Which Metals are Green for Catalysis? Comparison of the Toxicities of Ni, Cu, Fe, Pd, Pt, Rh, and Au Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12150-62. [PMID: 27532248 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Environmental profiles for the selected metals were compiled on the basis of available data on their biological activities. Analysis of the profiles suggests that the concept of toxic heavy metals and safe nontoxic alternatives based on lighter metals should be re-evaluated. Comparison of the toxicological data indicates that palladium, platinum, and gold compounds, often considered heavy and toxic, may in fact be not so dangerous, whereas complexes of nickel and copper, typically assumed to be green and sustainable alternatives, may possess significant toxicities, which is also greatly affected by the solubility in water and biological fluids. It appears that the development of new catalysts and novel applications should not rely on the existing assumptions concerning toxicity/nontoxicity. Overall, the available experimental data seem insufficient for accurate evaluation of biological activity of these metals and its modulation by the ligands. Without dedicated experimental measurements for particular metal/ligand frameworks, toxicity should not be used as a "selling point" when describing new catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S Egorova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Department of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Stary Petergof, 198504, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baalousha M, Yang Y, Vance ME, Colman BP, McNeal S, Xu J, Blaszczak J, Steele M, Bernhardt E, Hochella MF. Outdoor urban nanomaterials: The emergence of a new, integrated, and critical field of study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 557-558:740-753. [PMID: 27046139 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are currently widely incorporated in the outdoor urban environmental fabric and numerous new applications and products containing ENMs are expected in the future. As has been shown repeatedly, products containing ENMs have the potential, at some point in their lifetime, to release ENMs into their surrounding environment. However, the expanding body in environmental nanomaterial research has not yet shifted toward ENMs in the context of the complex outdoor urban environment. This is especially surprising because the world's human populations are on a steady march toward more and more urbanization and technological development, accompanied with increased applications for ENMs in the outdoor urban environment. Our objective for this paper is therefore to review, assess, and provide new information in this emerging field. We provide an overview of nanomaterials (NMs, encompassing both ENMs and incidental nanomaterials, INMs) that are likely to be released in the urban environment from outdoor sources by discussing 1) the applications of ENMs that may lead to release of ENMs in urban areas, 2) the recently published data on the release of ENMs from novel nano-enabled applications in the outdoor urban environment, 3) the available literature on the occurrence of INMs in the atmosphere and within/on dust particles, and 4) the potential pathways and fate of NMs in the outdoor urban environment. This review is then followed by three case studies demonstrating the importance of NMs in the outdoor urban environment. The first and second case studies illustrate the occurrence of NMs in urban dust and stormwater ponds, respectively, whereas the third case study discusses the lessons learned from the release of NMs (e.g. Pt, ph and Rh) from automotive vehicle catalytic convertors. This article ends with a discussion of the research priorities needed to advance this emerging field of "outdoor urban nanomaterials" and to assess the potential risks of NMs in the context of urban environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Baalousha
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Geosciences, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China; Center for NanoBioEarth, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0420, USA.
| | - Marina E Vance
- Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, 410 Kelly Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0420, USA
| | - Benjamin P Colman
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Samantha McNeal
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Center for NanoBioEarth, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0420, USA
| | | | - Meredith Steele
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0420, USA
| | | | - Michael F Hochella
- Center for NanoBioEarth, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0420, USA; Geosciences Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kashin AS, Ananikov VP. Catalytic C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation reactions: in situ generated or preformed catalysts? Complicated mechanistic picture behind well-known experimental procedures. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11117-25. [PMID: 24180285 DOI: 10.1021/jo402038p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In situ generated catalysts and preformed catalysts are two practical strategies widely used in cross-coupling methodology that have long been considered to involve the same active species in the catalytic cycle. Recent mechanistic studies have revealed two fundamentally different pictures of catalytic reactions in solution. Preformed catalysts with strongly bound ligands initiate transformations mainly involving single type of metal species. In contrast, in situ generated catalysts give rise to cocktail-type systems with different metal species presented in solution. The role of catalyst precursor, interconversions of catalytic species during reaction, stability and recycling of catalyst, catalysis by autocatalyst exhaust and plausible sources of metal-containing contaminants are the key points discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Kashin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|