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Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Carvacrol on N-Methyl-N′-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) Induced Gastric Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142848. [PMID: 35889805 PMCID: PMC9323991 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvacrol is a dietary polyphenol from Lamiaceae plants that has been shown to possess a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant and antitumor effects. This study aimed to investigate its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced gastric carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Forty-nine rats were randomly assigned to four treatment and three control groups. Over 60 days, MNNG (200 mg/kg BW) was orally applied to animals of groups 1–5 while the rats in groups 2–5 also received different doses of carvacrol (10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW, respectively) until the end of the experiment. Group 6 rats were treated with 100 mg/kg BW carvacrol and no MNNG whereas group 7 was the control group without any treatment. After the euthanasia of all rats, the inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress parameters were assessed in the blood and tissues. The expression of caspase 9, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins in the stomach tissues were investigated through histopathological examinations. Statistically significant differences were observed in the body weight, oxidative stress, and inflammation parameters of groups 1 to 6 compared to group 7 (p ≤ 0.001). Animals in MNNG groups 2 and 3 treated with the low dose carvacrol (10 and 25 mg/kg BW) showed significantly reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic effect compared to animals of the MNNG groups receiving increased doses of carvacrol (50 and 100 mg/kg BW) or no carvacrol. Rats exposed to MNNG exhibited gastric cancer cells in several areas. In the MNNG group receiving 100 mg/kg BW carvacrol, the inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in gastric mucosal and submucosal areas whereas MNNG rats supplemented with 10 and 25 mg/kg BW carvacrol showed no pathological alterations of the gastric cells. The results of this study indicate that significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects induced by carvacrol at doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg BW interfered with gastric carcinogenesis induced by MNNG in Wistar rats as well as provide hepatoprotection. However, high doses of carvacrol (50 and 100 mg/kg BW) increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Association of recurrent mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, PALB2, and CHEK2 with the risk of borderline ovarian tumor. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2022; 20:11. [PMID: 35313928 PMCID: PMC8935754 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-022-00218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are several genes associated with ovarian cancer risk. Molecular changes in borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) indicate linkage of this disease to type I ovarian tumors (low-grade ovarian carcinomas). This study determined the prevalence and association of mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51C, and CHEK2 with the risk of BOTs. Methods The study group consisted of 102 patients with histologically confirmed BOT and 1743 healthy controls. In addition, 167 cases with ovarian cancer G1 were analyzed. The analyses included genotyping of 21 founder and recurrent mutations localized in 5 genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51C, and CHEK2). The risk for developing BOT and low-grade ovarian cancer, as well as the association of tested mutations with survival, was estimated. Results The CHEK2 missense mutation (c.470T>C) was associated with 2-times increased risk of BOT (OR=2.05, p=0.03), at an earlier age at diagnosis and about 10% worse rate of a 10-year survival. Mutations in BRCA1 and PALB2 were associated with a high risk of ovarian cancer G1 (OR=8.53, p=0.005 and OR=7.03, p=0.03, respectively) and were related to worse all-cause survival for BRCA1 carriers (HR=4.73, 95%CI 1.45–15.43, p=0.01). Conclusions Results suggest that CHEK2 (c.470T>C) may possibly play a role in the pathogenesis of BOT, but due to the low number of BOT patients, obtained results should be considered as preliminary. Larger more in-depth studies are required.
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Zandi A, Rafizadeh‐Tafti S, Shojaeian F, Ali Khayamian M, Abbasvandi F, Faranoush M, Anbiaee R, Najafikhoshnoo S, Hoseinpour P, Assadi S, Katebi P, Davari sh. Z, Shalileh S, Salemizadeh Parizi M, Vanaei S, Ghaderinia M, Abadijoo H, Taheri P, Reza Esmailinejad M, Sanati H, Reza Rostami M, Sadeghian R, Kordehlachin Y, Sadegh Mousavi‐kiasary SM, Mamdouh A, Hossein Miraghaie S, Baharvand H, Abdolahad M. Positive electrostatic therapy of metastatic tumors: selective induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by pure charges. Cancer Med 2021; 10:7475-7491. [PMID: 34626092 PMCID: PMC8559484 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We discovered that pure positive electrostatic charges (PECs) have an intrinsic suppressive effect on the proliferation and metabolism of invasive cancer cells (cell lines and animal models) without affecting normal tissues. METHODS We interacted normal and cancer cell lines and animal tumors with PECs by connecting a charged patch to cancer cells and animal tumors. many biochemical, molecular and radiological assays were carried out on PEC treated and control samples. RESULTS Correlative interactions between electrostatic charges and cancer cells contain critical unknown factors that influence cancer diagnosis and treatment. Different types of cell analyses prove PEC-based apoptosis induction in malignant cell lines. Flowcytometry and viability assay depict selective destructive effects of PEC on malignant breast cancer cells. Additionally, strong patterns of pyknotic apoptosis, as well as downregulation of proliferative-associated proteins (Ki67, CD31, and HIF-1α), were observed in histopathological and immunohistochemical patterns of treated mouse malignant tumors, respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results demonstrate up/down-regulated apoptotic/proliferative transcriptomes (P21, P27, P53/CD34, integrin α5, vascular endothelial growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor) in treated animal tumors. Expression of propidium iodide in confocal microscopy images of treated malignant tissues was another indication of the destructive effects of PECs on such cells. Significant tumor size reduction and prognosis improvement were seen in over 95% of treated mouse models with no adverse effects on normal tissues. CONCLUSION We discovered that pure positive electrostatic charges (PECs) have an intrinsic suppressive effect on the proliferation and metabolism of invasive cancer cells (cell lines and animal models) without affecting normal tissues. The findings were statistically and observationally significant when compared to radio/chemotherapy-treated mouse models. As a result, this nonionizing radiation may be used as a practical complementary approach with no discernible side effects after passing future human model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Zandi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Nano Electronic Center of ExcellenceNanoelectronics and Thin Film Lab.School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Saeid Rafizadeh‐Tafti
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Shojaeian
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khayamian
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Fereshteh Abbasvandi
- ATMP DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteACECRTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Faranoush
- Pediatric Growth and Development Research CenterInstitute of Endocrinology and MetabolismIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Cardio‐Oncology Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascuar Medical & Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Robab Anbiaee
- Department of Radiation OncologyImam Hossein HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sahar Najafikhoshnoo
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | | | - Sepanta Assadi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Pouyan Katebi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Zahra Davari sh.
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Shahriar Shalileh
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Salemizadeh Parizi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Shohreh Vanaei
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammadreza Ghaderinia
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Hamed Abadijoo
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Payam Taheri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and TechnologyACECRTehranIran
| | | | - Hassan Sanati
- ATMP DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteACECRTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rostami
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Reza Sadeghian
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Yasin Kordehlachin
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - S. M. Sadegh Mousavi‐kiasary
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Amir Mamdouh
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Miraghaie
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and TechnologyACECRTehranIran
- Department of Developmental BiologyUniversity of Science and CultureTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Abdolahad
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Nano Electronic Center of ExcellenceNanoelectronics and Thin Film Lab.School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Cancer InstituteImam Khomeini HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- UT&TUMS Cancer electronic Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Lu D, Guo Y, Hu Y, Wang M, Li C, Gangrade A, Chen J, Zheng Z, Guo J. Fusion of apoptosis-related protein Cytochrome c with anti-HER-2 single-chain antibody targets the suppression of HER-2+ breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10638-10649. [PMID: 34697906 PMCID: PMC8581304 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment has gradually developed from toxic chemotherapy to targeted therapy with fewer side effects. Approximately 30% of breast cancer patients overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2). Previous studies have successfully produced single-chain antibodies (scFv) targeting HER-2+ breast cancer; however, scFv have poor stability, easy aggregation and a shorter half-life, which have no significant effect on targeting therapy. Moreover, scFv has been considered as a drug delivery platform that can kill target cells by effector molecules. However, the functional killing domains of immunotoxins are mainly derived from plant or bacterial toxins, which have a large molecular weight, low tissue permeability and severe side effects. To address these concerns, we designed several apoptotic immune molecules to replace exogenous toxins using endogenous apoptosis-related protein DNA fragmentation factor 40 (DFF40) and tandem-repeat Cytochrome c base on caspase-3 responsive peptide (DEVD). Our results suggest that DFF40 or Cytc fusion scFv specifically targets HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer cells (SK-BR-3 and BT-474) rather than HER-2 negative cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). Following cellular internalization, apoptosis-related proteins inhibited tumour activity by initiating endogenous apoptosis pathways, which significantly reduced immunogenicity and toxic side effects. Therefore, we suggest that immunoapoptotic molecules may become potential drugs for targeted immunotherapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- DanDan Lu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - YiChen Guo
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - YunFeng Hu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Abhishek Gangrade
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - JiaHui Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - ZiHui Zheng
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Arafat EA, El-Khair SMA, Elsamanoudy AZ, Shabaan DA. Study of the Possible Alleviated Role of Atorvastatin on Irinotecan-Induced Lingual Mucosal Damage: Histological and Molecular Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9690047. [PMID: 34630855 PMCID: PMC8497104 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9690047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis is the most debilitating and troublesome adverse effect of irinotecan (CPT-11) treatment. It adversely affects the patient quality of life. The aim of this work was to study the histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular changes in the oral mucosa by CPT-11 and the possible alleviated role of atorvastatin. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into control, CPT-11-treated group, and CPT-11+ atorvastatin-treated group. At the end of the experiment, the anterior two-thirds of the tongue was dissected out and divided into two parts: one part for light microscopic examination and the second for molecular study. RESULTS CPT-11-treated group revealed loss of normal mucosal organization, areas of ulceration and inflammation, and loss of architecture of lingual papillae. A significant decrease in immunohistochemical and molecular gene expression of Ki-67 and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 levels was observed. A significant increase in NF-κB immunohistochemical and mRNA gene expression level and a nonsignificant increase in Nrf2 gene expression were detected. Coadministration of atorvastatin showed remarkable improvement in the histopathological picture with a significant increase in Ki-67 and Bcl-2, a significant decrease in NF-κB protein and gene expression, and a significant increase in Nrf2 gene expression. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin substantially attenuates CPT-11-induced oral mucositis through the initiation of the antiapoptotic gene, modulation of the inflammatory, and antioxidant gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eetmad A Arafat
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - S M Abo El-Khair
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - A Z Elsamanoudy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia A Shabaan
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Khalil SS, Aziz JA, Ismail KA, El-Malkey NF. Comparative protective effects of N-acetylcysteine and melatonin against obesity-induced testicular dysfunction in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:708-719. [PMID: 33201734 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and melatonin were reported to exert protective effects on testicular tissues. Thus, this study aimed to determine which of these is more efficient against obesity-induced testicular dysfunction in albino rats. A total of 32 adult male rats (195 ± 10 g) were divided into four groups: control, obese rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), HFD+NAC (150 mg/kg per day, i.p.) and HFD+melatonin (10 mg/kg per day, i.p.), for 5 weeks. Testes and epididymis were weighed. Lipid profile, pituitary-testicular hormones, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), epididymal sperm parameters, testicular oxidant-antioxidant system, testicular and the epididymal histopathology and immunohistochemical localization for androgen receptors (AR) and Bax reaction were analyzed. Administration of NAC or melatonin significantly improved the lipid parameters, gonadal hormones, TNFα level, sperm count and abnormal morphology, oxidant-antioxidant system and the absolute testicular and epididymal mass with an enhancement of testicular architecture, AR expression and apoptosis as compared with that in the obese group. Additionally, as compared with the NAC group, the melatonin group had significantly reduced body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and TNFα and increased testosterone, sperm count, motility, superoxide dismutase activity, mitigated histomorphometrical changes, Bax expression, and increased testicular AR expression. Therefore, melatonin was more efficient than NAC in affording fortification against HFD-induced testicular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sama S Khalil
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Al-Sharquia, Egypt
| | - Joseph Amin Aziz
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Al-Sharquia, Egypt
| | - Khadiga Ahmed Ismail
- Clinical Laboratory Science Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nanees F El-Malkey
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Al-Sharquia, Egypt
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7
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Management of Borderline Ovarian Tumors: Series of Case Report and Review of the Literature. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-020-02455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Elsedawi BF, Hussein Y, Sabry MA, Aziz JA. Effect of fluoxetine on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of curcumin. Anat Sci Int 2020; 96:187-196. [PMID: 33057962 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-020-00573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluoxetine (FLX) is extensively used for the treatment of a diversity of psychiatric disorders, mainly depression. However, it can adversely affect male fertility. This study was done to clarify the changes which take place in the testes after the oral administration of FLX and to evaluate the possible preventative role of curcumin. Seventy-six adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. Control group: kept without any treatment. Curcumin group: received daily dose of curcumin (150 mg/kg body weight) through oral gavage for 8 weeks. FLX group. They were given daily dose of FLX (10 mg/kg body weight) given through oral gavage for 8 weeks. FLX and curcumin group. They were given FLX together with curcumin with the same previous doses through oral gavage daily for 8 weeks. By the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for the biochemical study of testosterone. All the animals were anaesthetized by ether inhalation, and the testis specimens were dissected out and weighed. The specimens were subjected to histopathological, immunohistochemical, and morphometrical evaluation. FLX decreased serum testosterone, diminished both epithelial height and diameter of seminiferous tubules, increased collagen fiber deposition in testicular tissue and induced positive immune reaction to B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein. In the FLX and curcumin group, the FLX-induced changes were less remarkable. Exposure to FLX led to pronounced testicular alterations. Co-administration of curcumin with FLX ameliorated these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Fathi Elsedawi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan
| | - Youssef Hussein
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Sabry
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan
| | - Joseph Amin Aziz
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt. .,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan.
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Rahid R, Alwash M. BAX/BCL2 ratio in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its association with ZAP-70 expression and other clinicopathological parameters. IRAQI JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/ijh.ijh_2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Diagnostic Utility of Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 in Ovarian Carcinoma and Its Relationship With Clinicopathologic Prognostic Parameters. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2019; 25:237-243. [PMID: 26657873 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is considered a relatively sensitive and specific marker for lung and thyroid neoplasms, it can occasionally be expressed in other tumors. Few immunohistochemical studies have been conducted on TTF-1 expression in ovarian carcinomas with discrepant results. To date, only 1 study compared different TTF-1 clones in ovarian carcinoma. This study is designed to evaluate the expression of TTF-1 clones in ovarian carcinomas and investigate TTF-1 association with clinicopathologic prognostic parameters. A retrospective immunohistochemical study was conducted on 62 primary ovarian carcinomas and 15 normal ovarian tissues using 2 clones of TTF-1 antibody (SPT24 and 8G7G3/1). Nuclear expression of SPT24 and 8G7G3/1 clones of TTF-1 was detected in 17.7% and 3.2% of ovarian carcinomas, respectively. Positive cytoplasmic immunostaining of clone SPT24 was detected in 1.6% of cases. In contrast, normal ovarian tissue showed negative expression of both clones. A highly significant difference was observed between both clones regarding their sensitivity in ovarian carcinomas (P=0.004). A significant inverse relationship was observed between TTF-1 (SPT24 clone) expression and tumor stage (P=0.022). TTF-1 expression is not exclusive to lung and thyroid tissue. It is expressed in ovarian carcinomas where clone SPT24 is more sensitive than clone 8G7G3/1. TTF-1 might be of diagnostic utility in evaluating neoplasms of unknown primary origin as well as adenocarcinomas involving the lung in patients with a history of a gynecologic malignancy. Moreover, TTF-1 expression might be a good prognostic factor in ovarian carcinoma.
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Stewart T, Kallash M, Vehaskari VM, Hodgeson SM, Aviles DH. Increased Autophagy and Apoptosis in the Kidneys of Intrauterine Growth Restricted Rats. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2019; 38:185-194. [PMID: 30741571 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1564160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IUGR has been associated with nephron loss and chronic kidney disease (CKD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined autophagy and apoptosis markers in the kidneys of IUGR Sprague Dawley rats induced by maternal low protein diet (LP), comparing them to controls. The autophagy marker LC3B, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 were determined by quantitative immunoblotting. Immunohistochemical expressions of LC3B, Bax, and Bcl-2 were evaluated at 4 weeks age. Glomerular counts (by maceration techniques) were performed at 5 weeks. RESULTS The LP diet offspring were lighter (P < 0.05). In IUGR kidneys, LC3B and Bax were increased at birth (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) and at 4 weeks (p < 0.0142, p < 0.0001), Bcl-2 was decreased at birth (p < 0.05), and there were less glomeruli (p < 0.01) at 5 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Autophagy and apoptosis may have a role in IUGR associated decreased nephron number in Sprague rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrus Stewart
- a Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center , New Orleans , Louisiana , USA
| | - Mahmoud Kallash
- b Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus , Ohio , USA.,c University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA
| | - V Matti Vehaskari
- a Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center , New Orleans , Louisiana , USA
| | - Sydney M Hodgeson
- a Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center , New Orleans , Louisiana , USA
| | - Diego H Aviles
- a Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center , New Orleans , Louisiana , USA.,d Children's Hospital , New Orleans , Louisiana , USA
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12
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Cai SQ, Li Y, Li YA, Wang L, Zhu J, Zhao SH, Li X, Qiang JW. A rat model of serous borderline ovarian tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Exp Anim 2019; 68:257-265. [PMID: 30760660 PMCID: PMC6699968 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOTs) behave between benign cystadenomas and
carcinomas, and the effective detection and clinical management of SBOTs remain clinical
challenges. Because it is difficult to isolate and enrich borderline tumor cells, a
borderline animal model is in need. 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is capable of
inducing the initiation, promotion, and progression of serous ovarian tumors. This study
aims to investigate the proper dosage and induction time of DMBA for rat models of SBOTs,
and explore their morphological features demonstrated by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
and molecular genetic characteristics. Rats were randomly divided into six groups (1 mg/70
D, 2 mg/70 D, 3 mg/70 D, 2 mg/50 D, 2 mg/90 D, and 2 mg/110 D). The 3 mg/70 D group
induced the most SBOTs (50.0%, 12/24). The micropapillary projections were shown on MR
imaging, which was the characteristic of SBOTs. The Cyclin D1 characterizing an early
pathogenetic event strongly expressed in induced serous benign tumors (SBTs). The
immunoreactivity staining scores of P53 expression significantly increased from SBTs,
SBOTs to serous ovarian carcinomas (SCAs), which elucidate that P53 might be a promising
biomarker to grade serous ovarian tumors. Based on morphological and molecular genetic
similarities, this rodent SBOT model was suitable for investigating the pathogenesis of
serous ovarian tumors and developing an early detection strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Qi Cai
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xvhui District, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yong-Ai Li
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China
| | - Shu-Hui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jin-Wei Qiang
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
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13
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Figueira MI, Cardoso HJ, Correia S, Maia CJ, Socorro S. The stem cell factor (SCF)/c-KIT system in carcinogenesis of reproductive tissues: What does the hormonal regulation tell us? Cancer Lett 2017; 405:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Semczuk A, Gogacz M, Semczuk-Sikora A, Jóźwik M, Rechberger T. The Putative Role of TP53 Alterations and p53 Expression in Borderline Ovarian Tumors - Correlation with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis: A Mini-Review. J Cancer 2017; 8:2684-2691. [PMID: 28928856 PMCID: PMC5604199 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) represent an independent group among ovarian malignancies, being diagnosed at clinical stage earlier than invasive ovarian carcinomas (OCs) and characterized by a rather favorable outcome after careful surgical management. Data published worldwide showed a substantial discordance of p53 expression in BOTs. The purpose of this work was to present the current status of knowledge on the significance of TP53 gene and p53 protein product alterations in BOTs. In general, higher p53 expression patterns were reported for ovarian malignancies compared to BOTs. Serous, mucinous, and endometrioid BOTs differ substantially in relation to p53 immunostaining, but data concerning the relationship between the protein's immunoreactivity and other clinico-pathological variables are scarce. Finally, reports published to date support the view that TP53 alterations may not be commonly associated with the borderline phenotype of ovarian tumors but they probably occur during the development of invasive OCs. In light of these uncertainties, the impact of TP53 alterations and p53 expression on overall survival in women affected by BOTs requires further multi-institutional studies in large cohorts of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Semczuk
- II ND Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Gogacz
- II ND Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Semczuk-Sikora
- Department of Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Jóźwik
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rechberger
- II ND Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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15
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Dziegiel P, Pula B, Kobierzycki C, Stasiolek M, Podhorska-Okolow M. The Role of Metallothioneins in Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY EMBRYOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27472-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Lee YK, Chung HH, Kim JW, Song YS, Park NH. Expression of phosphorylated Akt and hTERT is associated with prognosis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:14971-14976. [PMID: 26823830 PMCID: PMC4713616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Activation of human telomere reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is associated with the tumorigenic role of Akt. We aimed to evaluate the significance of Akt phosphorylation and hTERT expression on the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Between 2005 and 2012, 92 EOC patients treated at the Seoul National University Hospital were included in this study. Paraffin-embedded sections from the tumors of EOC patients were stained with anti-hTERT and anti-phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) antibodies. Correlations of pAkt and hTERT expression with the clinicopathological factors were analyzed using SPSS software, version 17.0 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). In 92 EOC tissues, pAkt and hTERT were not associated with any clinicopathological factors. However, the disease-free survival rate of patients exhibiting coexpression of pAkt and hTERT was poor compared with that of the other patients (P = 0.013). Coexpression of pAkt and hTERT is a poor prognostic marker for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Kyung Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gyneocology, Cheil General Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Hoon Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Jae Weon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Sang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Noh-Hyun Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
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17
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Conic I, Stanojevic Z, Jankovic Velickovic L, Stojnev S, Ristic Petrovic A, Krstic M, Stanojevic M, Bogdanović D, Stefanovic V. Epithelial ovarian cancer with CD117 phenotype is highly aggressive and resistant to chemotherapy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2015; 41:1630-7. [PMID: 26177978 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM CD117 expression has a pathogenic role in many malignancies, including ovarian carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to examine the correlation of stemness-associated marker CD117 with the clinicopathologic features of epithelial ovarian cancer and patient survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS The analysis included 240 primary ovarian carcinomas (OC) diagnosed during the period from 2005 to 2011 in the region of South Serbia. Age, pathohistological characteristics, presence and size of residual tumor, choice of therapy and response to the therapy were studied. RESULTS Residual tumors were more frequently present in the patients with positive CD117 expression (18.1% vs 8.0%; P < 0.05). Chemotherapy according to paclitaxel/carboplatin protocol was more frequent in the patients with positive CD117 expression (70.9% vs 54.2%; P < 0.05), while carboplatin monotherapy was more frequent in the patients with negative CD117 expression (18.0% vs 6.4%; P < 0.05). Median survival time in patients with CD117-positive mucinous and endometrioid OC was significantly shorter, at 20 and 26.8 months, respectively. Median survival in serous OC was not related to CD117 expression. CONCLUSION Residual tumors and chemotherapy treatment were more frequent in patients with positive CD117 expression. The outcome was dependent on the type of OC; a worse outcome, including a shorter survival, was documented in the mucinous and endometrioid OC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Conic
- Clinic of Oncology, Clinical Center, Niš, Serbia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vladisav Stefanovic
- State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Niš, Serbia
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18
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Incebiyik A, Camuzcuoglu H, Vural M, Hilali NG, Camuzcuoglu A, Seker A, Taskin A, Aksoy N. Assessment of Apoptotic Activity Dysregulation and Oxidative Stress in the Development of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Case-Controlled Descriptive Analysis. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2015; 81:71-7. [DOI: 10.1159/000381774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Corrado G, Pomati G, Russo A, Visca P, Vincenzoni C, Patrizi L, Vizza E. Ovarian metastasis from thyroid carcinoma: a case report and literature review. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:193. [PMID: 25358556 PMCID: PMC4220057 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-014-0193-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma is rarely associated with metastatic disease. The most common sites of metastasis are the lungs and bones, while only few cases of ovarian metastasis are described in literature. CASE We report the case of a 51 years old woman, treated 9 years before for papillary thyroid carcinoma, presenting to our Institute with a pelvic ovarian mass revealed by ultrasound imaging. After bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the histologic examination detected a left ovarian metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma. CONCLUSION Even if the diagnosis of ovarian metastasis from thyroid carcinoma is often controversial, it should be considered when a woman with an ovarian lesion of unknown origin, has a personal history of malignant thyroid disease. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/13000_2014_193.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Corrado
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Pomati
- Surgery Department, Gynecology Section and Obstetrics, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Russo
- Pathology Department, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Visca
- Pathology Department, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Cristina Vincenzoni
- Surgery Department, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Lodovico Patrizi
- Surgery Department, Gynecology Section and Obstetrics, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrico Vizza
- Surgery Department, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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20
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Zhang K, Jiao K, Xing Z, Zhang L, Yang J, Xie X, Yang L. Bcl-xL overexpression and its association with the progress of tongue carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:7360-7377. [PMID: 25550772 PMCID: PMC4270534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis-related protein B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) has a crucial role in the control of cell death through its inhibition of apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate the expression of Bcl-xL in relation to the development of tongue carcinoma and whether it has potential as a marker for the clinical diagnosis of tongue carcinoma and as a therapeutic target to evaluate the dynamic of tongue carcinoma progression. A statistical analysis of 100 cases oral tongue carcinoma tissue specimens were performed using pathological grading and clinical TNM staging, and 14 cases corresponding non-tumor tissues as control. The changes in Bcl-xL mRNA expression between different pathological grades and clinical TNM stages of tissue were analyzed by RT-PCR. Additionally, immunohistochemical SP method and Western blot assays were employed to detect changes in Bcl-xL protein expression in different tongue carcinoma tissues. The results showed the expression of Bcl-xL was significantly higher in tongue carcinoma tissues than in normal tongue tissues and was positively associated with the degree of differentiation and the clinical TNM staging, but negatively correlated with the degree of malignancy of the tumor. There was higher expression of Bcl-xL in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) tissues compared with oral tongue adenocarcinoma (OTA) tissues, but Bcl-xL expression in tissue with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis. Thus, Bcl-xL overexpression may be closely related to the dynamic of the pathogenesis and development of tongue carcinoma. It may be a useful marker for clinical diagnosis and an aid to evaluating the efficacy of therapeutics in tongue carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailiang Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Research Institute of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Kangli Jiao
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Research Institute of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Zhankui Xing
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Research Institute of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Stomatology, First People’s Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation ArmyLanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Lan Yang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Research Institute of Stomatology, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
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21
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Zeren T, Inan S, Vatansever HS, Sayhan S. Significance of apoptosis related proteins on malignant transformation of ovarian tumors: A comparison between Bcl-2/Bax ratio and p53 immunoreactivity. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1251-8. [PMID: 25108507 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we compared the immunoreactivities of Bcl-2, Bax and p53 proteins in ovarian tumors and related the immunohistochemical findings to the histological type of the tumors. Formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded tissue sections from 40 patients who had serous-mucinous borderline tumors and serous-mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary (n=10 each) were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E). After histopathological examination, serial sections were stained immunohistochemically with primary antibodies to Bcl-2, Bax and p53 using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. A semi-quantitative grading system was used to compare the immunohistochemical staining intensities. The nuclear DNA fragmentation of apoptosis was determined using TUNEL method. As a result of immunohistochemical staining, increased immunoreactivity of Bcl-2 was observed in adenocarcinomas when compared to borderline tumors (P<0.001). Strong immunoreactivity of Bcl-2 and mild immunoreactivities of Bax and p53 were detected in ovarian adenocarcinomas. There were no significant statistical differences in the immunoreactivity of Bax among the histological type of ovarian tumors. Whereas a balance was observed between the immunoreactivities of Bcl-2 and Bax in the borderline cases, and this balance was strongly changed toward the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein in patients with adenocarcinoma. TUNEL staining of sections indicated apoptotic cells in the serous borderline tumors were about 8-fold higher than in the serous adenocarcinoma. The results of this study on apoptosis-related factors might help to develop novel protective and therapeutic approaches, such as isoflavonoids and isothiocyanates, which were associated with decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio, against the malignant epithelial ovarian tumors.
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22
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Metallothionein Lower Under-Expression in Benign Tumors than That in Malignant Tumors: Systematic Review Article and Meta-Analysis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 43:696-704. [PMID: 26110140 PMCID: PMC4475588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT) manifests varying expression levels in carcinomas, and they may be considered as valuable cell cancerization biomarkers for diagnosis of patients with cancers. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate comprehensively the MT expression difference in various benign tumors and malignant tumors, which compared the high with low MT expression levels in patients of the available studies. Finally, a total of 13 studies dealing with various tumors were involved for this meta-analysis. The results indicated that lower expression of MT in various benign tumors tissue than that in corresponding malignant tumors with the pooled OR of 0.52 (95 % CI 0.18-1.47, P < 0.001). In conclusion, MT expression difference is associated with tumor various stages in tumor patients and could be a useful clinical criteria of distinguishing benign tumors and malignant tumors for those patients.
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23
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Saldanha SN, Tollefsbol TO. Pathway modulations and epigenetic alterations in ovarian tumorbiogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:393-406. [PMID: 24105793 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular pathways are numerous and are highly integrated in function in the control of cellular systems. They collectively regulate cell division, proliferation, survival and apoptosis of cells and mutagenesis of key genes that control these pathways can initiate neoplastic transformations. Understanding these pathways is crucial to future therapeutic and preventive strategies of the disease. Ovarian cancers are of three major types; epithelial, germ-cell, and stromal. However, ovarian cancers of epithelial origin, arising from the mesothelium, are the predominant form. Of the subtypes of ovarian cancer, the high-grade serous tumors are fatal, with low survival rate due to late detection and poor response to treatments. Close examination of preserved ovarian tissues and in vitro studies have provided insights into the mechanistic changes occurring in cells mediated by a few key genes. This review will focus on pathways and key genes of the pathways that are mutated or have aberrant functions in the pathology of ovarian cancer. Non-genetic mechanisms that are gaining prominence in the pathology of ovarian cancer, miRNAs and epigenetics, will also be discussed in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabita N Saldanha
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama
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24
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Wu JB, Ye SF, Liang CL, Li YC, Yu YJ, Lai JM, Lin H, Zheng J, Zhou JY. Qi-Dan Fang ameliorates adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome rat model by enhancing renal function and inhibiting podocyte injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:1124-1132. [PMID: 24389029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical syndrome with a variety of causes, mainly characterized by heavy proteinuria. Podocyte injury plays a key role in proteinuria, one of the principal means for the control of NS is to prevent podocyte injury. Qi-Dan Fang consists of two of the most extensively applied herbal remedies among Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (Radix Astragali Mongolici and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, with a weight ratio of 5:1) which are specifically used for the treatment of various kidney diseases. In previous studies, we found that Qi-Dan Fang provides improvement to patients with adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome by alleviating proteinuria and serum lipid. The aim of this study is to study the efficiency of Qi-Dan Fang on NS model rat with renal dysfunction and podocyte injury, something which has not been carried out yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were divided into Normal, Model, Jin Gui Shen Qi Pill (4.12 g/kg), Qi-Dan Fang (3.09, 6.17 and 12.34 g/kg/d) groups, they were each given a single tail intravenous injection of Adriamycin (6.0 mg/kg) except for the Normal group and were orally administered dosages of Qi-Dian Fang and Jin Gui Shen Qi pills once daily for 7 weeks. Following the treatment, the content of cystation C (CysC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr) were measured with an autobiochemical analyser. The pathomorphological changes to the glomeruli, the mRNA expressions of nephrin, podocin, CD2AP genes and p53, bax, bcl-2 proteins expressions were also carried out to probe the effects of Qi-Dan Fang. RESULTS (1) Qi-Dan Fang treatment raised the level of CysC in blood serum while lowering the content of BUN and Scr in the adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome rat model; (2) Long-term administration of Qi-Dan Fang was able to ameliorate pathomorphological change of glomeruli and repair the organization structure of Glomerulus; (3) Qi-Dan Fang could increase the mRNA expression of nephrin, podocin and CD2AP genes, down-regulate the expression of p53, bax proteins, while increased bcl-2 protein to protect the podocyte and restore Glomerular selective filtration function. CONCLUSIONS Results of our present studies reveal that Qi-Dan Fang is able to enhance renal function, inhibit podocyte injury to provide improvements to the Adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Biao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shu-Fang Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chun-Ling Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Cui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ying-Jia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and West Medicine, Guangzhou 510860, PR China
| | - Jie-Mei Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jiu-Yao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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25
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Han B, Li X, Yu T. Cruciferous vegetables consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:7. [PMID: 24444040 PMCID: PMC3937240 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To quantify the effect of cruciferous vegetable consumption on the incidence of ovarian cancer by meta-analyzing the existing observational studies and provides quantitative and high-level evidence. Methods A detailed literature search of Medline and EMBASE for all relevant papers published. A meta-analysis was conducted for the association between cruciferous vegetable consumption and risk of ovarian cancer. Results A total of 4,306 cases in 375,562 controls in 11 independent studies were identified in this current meta-analysis. The result of this current meta-analysis, including 6 case-control and 5 cohort studies, indicated that cruciferous vegetable intake was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer. Cruciferous vegetable consumption was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer in case-control studies (RR=0.84; 95% CI, 0.75-0.94) but not in cohort studies (RR=1.00; 95% CI, 0.85-1.11). Conclusions The results from this meta-analysis of observational studies demonstrate that cruciferous vegetable consumption is a prospective factor of the ovarian cancer. However, more in-depth studies are warranted to report more detailed results, including other specific vegetables within the cruciferous vegetable family. Virtual slides The virtual slide (s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1116708293115581.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, PR China.
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Gumulec J, Raudenska M, Adam V, Kizek R, Masarik M. Metallothionein - immunohistochemical cancer biomarker: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85346. [PMID: 24416395 PMCID: PMC3885711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT) has been extensively investigated as a molecular marker of various types of cancer. In spite of the fact that numerous reviews have been published in this field, no meta-analytical approach has been performed. Therefore, results of to-date immunohistochemistry-based studies were summarized using meta-analysis in this review. Web of science, PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL databases were searched (up to April 30, 2013) and the eligibility of individual studies and heterogeneity among the studies was assessed. Random and fixed effects model meta-analysis was employed depending on the heterogeneity, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's tests. A total of 77 studies were included with 8,015 tissue samples (4,631 cases and 3,384 controls). A significantly positive association between MT staining and tumors (vs. healthy tissues) was observed in head and neck (odds ratio, OR 9.95; 95% CI 5.82-17.03) and ovarian tumors (OR 7.83; 1.09-56.29), and a negative association was ascertained in liver tumors (OR 0.10; 0.03-0.30). No significant associations were identified in breast, colorectal, prostate, thyroid, stomach, bladder, kidney, gallbladder, and uterine cancers and in melanoma. While no associations were identified between MT and tumor staging, a positive association was identified with the tumor grade (OR 1.58; 1.08-2.30). In particular, strong associations were observed in breast, ovarian, uterine and prostate cancers. Borderline significant association of metastatic status and MT staining were determined (OR 1.59; 1.03-2.46), particularly in esophageal cancer. Additionally, a significant association between the patient prognosis and MT staining was also demonstrated (hazard ratio 2.04; 1.47-2.81). However, a high degree of inconsistence was observed in several tumor types, including colorectal, kidney and prostate cancer. Despite the ambiguity in some tumor types, conclusive results are provided in the tumors of head and neck, ovary and liver and in relation to the tumor grade and patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Clinicopathologic significance of claudin-6, occludin, and matrix metalloproteinases -2 expression in ovarian carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:190. [PMID: 24245968 PMCID: PMC3866569 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tight junctions (TJs) are mainly composed of claudins, occludin, and tight junction adhesion molecules (JAM). The invasive and metastatic phenotype of highly invasive cancer cells has been related to abnormal structure and function of TJs, and with expression of activated matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The relevance of these mechanisms responsible for the invasion and metastasis of ovarian carcinoma is unclear. Similarly, it is not known if the expression of claudin-6, occludin and MMP2 is related with the clinical properties of these tumors. Methods Expression of claudin-6, occludin, and MMP2 was detected in samples of human ovarian cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry and correlated with the clinical properties of the tumors. Results The positive expression rates of claudin-6 and MMP-2 were higher in ovarian papillary serous carcinomas than n ovarian serous adenomas (P < 0.05). There were no differences in the expression of occludin (P > 0.05). The expression of claudin-6 and occludin in ovarian cancer was not correlated with patient age, pathological grade, clinical stage, and metastasis (P > 0.05). MMP-2 expression was enhanced with increased clinical stage and metastasis (P < 0.05), but was unrelated to patient age or tumor grade (P > 0.05). There were no apparent correlations between expression of claudin-6, occludin and MMP-2 in ovarian cancer tissue (P > 0.05). Conclusions Our data suggest, for the first time, that the claudin-6 and MMP-2 are up-regulated in ovarian papillary serous carcinomas, MMP-2 expression was enhanced with increased clinical stage and metastasis. Claudin-6 and MMP-2 may play a positive role in the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1775628454106511.
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Nodin B, Zendehrokh N, Sundström M, Jirström K. Clinicopathological correlates and prognostic significance of KRAS mutation status in a pooled prospective cohort of epithelial ovarian cancer. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:106. [PMID: 23800114 PMCID: PMC3722044 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activating KRAS mutations are common in ovarian carcinomas of low histological grade, less advanced clinical stage and mucinous histological subtype, and form part of the distinct molecular alterations associated with type I tumors in the dualistic model of ovarian carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the occurrence, clinicopathological correlates and prognostic significance of specific KRAS mutations in tumours from 153 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cases from a pooled, prospective cohort. Methods KRAS codon 12,13 and 61 mutations were analysed by pyrosequencing in tumours from 163 incident EOC cases in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study and Malmö Preventive Project. Associations of mutational status with clinicopathological and molecular characteristics were assessed by Pearson Chi Square test. Ovarian cancer-specific survival (OCSS) according to mutational status was explored by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards modelling. KRAS-mutation status was also analysed in 28 concomitantly sampled benign-appearing fallopian tubes. Results Seventeen (11.1%) EOC cases harboured mutations in the KRAS gene, all but one in codon 12, and one in codon 13. No KRAS mutations were found in codon 61 and all examined fallopian tubes were KRAS wild-type. KRAS mutation was significantly associated with lower grade (p = 0.001), mucinous histological subtype (p = < 0.001) and progesterone receptor expression (p = 0.035). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significantly improved OCSS for patients with KRAS-mutated compared to KRAS wild-type tumours (p = 0.015). These associations were confirmed in unadjusted Cox regression analysis (HR = 2.51; 95% CI 1.17-5.42) but did not remain significant after adjustment for age, grade and clinical stage. The beneficial prognostic impact of KRAS mutation was ony evident in tumours of low-intermediate differentiation grade (p = 0.023), and in a less advanced clinical stage (p = 0.014). Moreover, KRAS mutation was associated with a significantly improved OCSS in the subgroup of endometroid carcinomas (p = 0.012). Conclusions The results from this study confirm previously demonstrated associations of KRAS mutations with well-differentiated and mucinous ovarian carcinomas. Moreover, KRAS-mutated tumours had a significantly improved survival in unadjusted, but not adjusted, analysis. A finding that merits further study is the significant prognostic impact of KRAS mutation in endometroid carcinomas, potentially indicating that response to Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK-targeting therapies may differ by histological subtype. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1788330379100147
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Nodin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Wang L, Li PF, Geng M, Cao YC, Yin YC. Correlation between chemosensitivity to anticancer drugs and telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA expression in gastric cancer. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:33. [PMID: 23432846 PMCID: PMC3599120 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The determination of sensitive chemotherapy drugs for gastric cancer (GC) is one of the greatest challenges of adjuvant therapy. Here we evaluated the chemosensitivity of GC to anticancer drugs and the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA expression, and investigated the relationship of them. Methods The GC cells which were collected from 68 patients with primary GC were primary cultured. The chemosensitivity of GC cells to anticancer drugs was evaluated successfully using the MTT assay for 60 cases of GC cells, and the hTERT mRNA expression was examined in 60 cases of GC tissues and corresponding normal gastric mucosa and 6 cases of chronic superficial gastritis mucosa by in situ hybridization. Results Taxol, Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil were in general more effective than Adriamycin and Mitomycin for GC cells, and the chemosensitivity to anticancer drugs was associated with tumor histological types and a worse tumor grade. Compared to normal gastric mucosa tissues, hTERT mRNA expression was significantly increased in GC (P<0.05), which was related with a worse differentiation and drug-resistance to 5-Fluorouracil or Adriamycin in GC. Conclusions These data demonstrate for the first time that examinations of hTERT mRNA expression as an important factor could be used to select the chemotherapeutic drugs for GC patients. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1793217009875483
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Sundov D, Caric A, Mrklic I, Gugic D, Capkun V, Hofman ID, Mise BP, Tomic S. P53, MAPK, topoisomerase II alpha and Ki67 immunohistochemical expression and KRAS/BRAF mutation in ovarian serous carcinomas. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:21. [PMID: 23388101 PMCID: PMC3570323 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of p53, MAPK, topoisomerase II alpha (topoII alpha) and Ki67 in ovarian serous carcinomas (OSCs) along with mutational analysis for KRAS and BRAF. Methods Eighty one cases of OSCs were reviewed and examined immunohistochemically using antibodies against p53, MAPK, topoII alpha and Ki67. Staining was evaluated as a percentage of immunopositive cells with cut-off levels at 10% for p53 and topoII alpha, and 5% for MAPK. The Ki67 immunoexpression was assessed by means of Olympus Image Analysis System as a percentage of immunopositive cells in 1000 tumor cells. KRAS and BRAF mutational analysis was performed on 73 available microdissected samples. Results Of 81 cases of OSCs 13.6% were of low-grade and 86.4% were of high-grade morphology. In the high-grade group there was a significantly higher immunoexpression of p53 (P < 0.001) and topoII alpha (P = 0.001), with Ki67 median 56.5 vs. 19 in low-grade group (P < 0.001). The difference in immunoexpression of active MAPK between low- and high-grade group was also significant (P = 0.003). MAPK positive immunostaining was detected in 63.6% of low-grade vs. 17.1% of high-grade OSCs. The frequency of KRAS mutation was significantly higher in low-grade as compared to high-grade group (P = 0.006). None of the samples had BRAF mutation. In addition, we detected positive MAPK immunoexpression in 13/59 samples with wild-type KRAS, suggesting that activation of MAPK pathway is not ultimately related either to KRAS or BRAF mutation. Seven morphologically high-grade samples (11.7%) showed both KRAS mutation and p53 immunopositivity. Conclusions Although this study is limited by its humble number of low-grade samples, our data fit the proposed dualistic pathway of ovarian carcinogenesis. Mutational analysis for KRAS and BRAF discloses some possible interactions between different tumorigenic pathways of low- and high-grade carcinomas. Immunohistochemical staining for MAPK was not sufficiently sensitive, nor specific, to precisely predict the KRAS mutation. However, it appears to be quite reliable in ruling out a KRAS mutation if the staining is negative. Virtual Slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/9283563368804632 Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Wir untersuchten die Immunohistochemische Expression der p53, MAPK, topoisomerase II alpha (topoII alpha) und Ki67 in Ovarialkarzinomen (OSCs) anbei mit Mutationsanalyse für KRAS und BRAF. Methode 81 OSCs Fälle wurden analysiert und Immunohistochemisch untersucht mit Antikörper gegen p53, MAPK, topoII alpha und Ki67. Die Färbung war ausgewertet als der Prozent von immunopositiven Zellen mit den “cut-of” Niveau an 10% für p53 und topoII alpha und 5% für MAPK. Die Ki67 Expression war bewertet mittels Olympus Image Analysis System als der Prozent von immunopositiven Zellen in 1000 Tumorzellen. KRAS and BRAF Mutationsanalyse wurde in 73 verfügbaren microdissections Stichproben aufgeführt. Ergebnisse Von 81 OSCs Fälle 13.6% zeigte “low-grade” und 86.4% “high-grade” Morphologie. In der “high-grade” Gruppe war eine statistisch bedeutende höhere Expression von p53 (P < 0.001) und topoII alpha (P = 0.001) mit Ki67 median von 56.5 im Gegensatz zu 19 in der “low-grade” Gruppe (P < 0.001). Die Differenz in Immunoexpression von aktiver MAPK zwischen der “low-grade” und “high-grade” Gruppe war statistisch bedeutend (P = 0.003). MAPK positive Expression war in 63.6% der “low-grade” im Gegensatz von 17.1% der “high-grade” Karzinoms bemerkt. Die Häufigkeit der KRAS Mutation war bedeutend höher in “low-grade” im Verglich zu der “high-grade” Gruppe (P = 0.006). Keiner der Stichproben hate BRAF Mutation. Wir haben auch eine positive MAPK Expression in 13/59 der Stichproben mit “wild-type” KRAS bemerkt, was sugeriert das die Aktivation des MAPK Pfads ist nicht letztmalig mit KRAS oder BRAF verbunden. Sieben der “high-grade” Stichproben (11.7%) waren KRAS Mutation und p53 Expression positive. Schlussworte Obwohl diese Studie mit bescheiden Nummer von “low-grade” Stichproben limitiert ist, unsere Daten passen in das dualistische Modell von Ovarial Karzinogenesis. Mutationsanalyse für KRAS und BRAF enthüllen einige mögliche Interaktionen zwischen verschieden tumorigenen Wege von “low”- and “high-grade” Karcinomen. Die Immunohistochemische Expression für MAPK war nicht empfindlich oder spezifisch genüg um den KRAS mutations Status des Tumor genau vorauszusagen. Es scheint das die MAPK Expression ziemlich verlässlich ist in ausschließen der KRAS Mutation, wenn die Expression negative ist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinka Sundov
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Center Split, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
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Hamed EO, Ahmed H, Sedeek OB, Mohammed AM, Abd-Alla AA, Abdel Ghaffar HM. Significance of HE4 estimation in comparison with CA125 in diagnosis of ovarian cancer and assessment of treatment response. Diagn Pathol 2013. [PMID: 23343214 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-11] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a novel and specific biomarker for ovarian cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate a new tumor marker, HE4, in comparison with CA125 in diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and benign gynecological diseases. METHODS CA125 and HE4 serum levels were determined in 30 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (21 serous, 6 endometrioid and 3 mucinous tumors), 20 patients with benign gynecological diseases (8 patients with ovarian cyst, 5 patients with endometriosis, 4 patients with fibroid and 3 patients with pelvic inflammatory disease) and 20 healthy women. CA125 and HE4 cut-offs were 35 U/ml and 150 pmol/l, respectively. RESULTS Serum HE4 and CA125 concentrations were significantly higher in the ovarian cancer patients compared with those seen in patients with benign disease or in the healthy controls (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC) values for HE4 was 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.0) and CA125 was 0.82 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-0.94). Compared to CA125, HE4 had higher sensitivity (90% vs. 83.3%), specificity (95% vs. 85%), PPV (93.1% vs. 80.7%) and NPV (92.7% vs. 87.2%), the combination of HE4 + CA125 the sensitivity and PPV reached 96.7% and 97% respectively. CONCLUSION Measuring serum HE4 concentrations along with CA125 concentrations may provide higher accuracy for detecting epithelial ovarian cancer. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1060413168685759.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham O Hamed
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
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Hamed EO, Ahmed H, Sedeek OB, Mohammed AM, Abd-Alla AA, Abdel Ghaffar HM. Significance of HE4 estimation in comparison with CA125 in diagnosis of ovarian cancer and assessment of treatment response. Diagn Pathol 2013. [PMID: 23343214 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-11]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a novel and specific biomarker for ovarian cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate a new tumor marker, HE4, in comparison with CA125 in diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and benign gynecological diseases. METHODS CA125 and HE4 serum levels were determined in 30 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (21 serous, 6 endometrioid and 3 mucinous tumors), 20 patients with benign gynecological diseases (8 patients with ovarian cyst, 5 patients with endometriosis, 4 patients with fibroid and 3 patients with pelvic inflammatory disease) and 20 healthy women. CA125 and HE4 cut-offs were 35 U/ml and 150 pmol/l, respectively. RESULTS Serum HE4 and CA125 concentrations were significantly higher in the ovarian cancer patients compared with those seen in patients with benign disease or in the healthy controls (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC) values for HE4 was 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.0) and CA125 was 0.82 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-0.94). Compared to CA125, HE4 had higher sensitivity (90% vs. 83.3%), specificity (95% vs. 85%), PPV (93.1% vs. 80.7%) and NPV (92.7% vs. 87.2%), the combination of HE4 + CA125 the sensitivity and PPV reached 96.7% and 97% respectively. CONCLUSION Measuring serum HE4 concentrations along with CA125 concentrations may provide higher accuracy for detecting epithelial ovarian cancer. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1060413168685759.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham O Hamed
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
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Hamed EO, Ahmed H, Sedeek OB, Mohammed AM, Abd-Alla AA, Abdel Ghaffar HM. Significance of HE4 estimation in comparison with CA125 in diagnosis of ovarian cancer and assessment of treatment response. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:11. [PMID: 23343214 PMCID: PMC3621278 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a novel and specific biomarker for ovarian cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate a new tumor marker, HE4, in comparison with CA125 in diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and benign gynecological diseases. METHODS CA125 and HE4 serum levels were determined in 30 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (21 serous, 6 endometrioid and 3 mucinous tumors), 20 patients with benign gynecological diseases (8 patients with ovarian cyst, 5 patients with endometriosis, 4 patients with fibroid and 3 patients with pelvic inflammatory disease) and 20 healthy women. CA125 and HE4 cut-offs were 35 U/ml and 150 pmol/l, respectively. RESULTS Serum HE4 and CA125 concentrations were significantly higher in the ovarian cancer patients compared with those seen in patients with benign disease or in the healthy controls (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC) values for HE4 was 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.0) and CA125 was 0.82 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-0.94). Compared to CA125, HE4 had higher sensitivity (90% vs. 83.3%), specificity (95% vs. 85%), PPV (93.1% vs. 80.7%) and NPV (92.7% vs. 87.2%), the combination of HE4 + CA125 the sensitivity and PPV reached 96.7% and 97% respectively. CONCLUSION Measuring serum HE4 concentrations along with CA125 concentrations may provide higher accuracy for detecting epithelial ovarian cancer. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1060413168685759.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham O Hamed
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
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