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Huniadi M, Nosálová N, Almášiová V, Horňáková Ľ, Valenčáková A, Hudáková N, Cizkova D. Three-Dimensional Cultivation a Valuable Tool for Modelling Canine Mammary Gland Tumour Behaviour In Vitro. Cells 2024; 13:695. [PMID: 38667310 PMCID: PMC11049302 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell cultivation has been one of the most popular methods in research for decades. Currently, scientists routinely use two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures of commercially available cell lines and primary cultures to study cellular behaviour, responses to stimuli, and interactions with their environment in a controlled laboratory setting. In recent years, 3D cultivation has gained more attention in modern biomedical research, mainly due to its numerous advantages compared to 2D cultures. One of the main goals where 3D culture models are used is the investigation of tumour diseases, in both animals and humans. The ability to simulate the tumour microenvironment and design 3D masses allows us to monitor all the processes that take place in tumour tissue created not only from cell lines but directly from the patient's tumour cells. One of the tumour types for which 3D culture methods are often used in research is the canine mammary gland tumour (CMT). The clinically similar profile of the CMT and breast tumours in humans makes the CMT a suitable model for studying the issue not only in animals but also in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Huniadi
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.H.); (N.N.); (Ľ.H.); (A.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Natália Nosálová
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.H.); (N.N.); (Ľ.H.); (A.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Viera Almášiová
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Ľubica Horňáková
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.H.); (N.N.); (Ľ.H.); (A.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Alexandra Valenčáková
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.H.); (N.N.); (Ľ.H.); (A.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Nikola Hudáková
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.H.); (N.N.); (Ľ.H.); (A.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Dasa Cizkova
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (M.H.); (N.N.); (Ľ.H.); (A.V.); (N.H.)
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2
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Onigbinde S, Peng W, Reddy A, Cho BG, Goli M, Solomon J, Adeniyi M, Nwaiwu J, Fowowe M, Daramola O, Purba W, Mechref Y. O-Glycome Profiling of Breast Cancer Cell Lines to Understand Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1458-1470. [PMID: 38483275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women and a major source of brain metastases. Despite the increasing incidence of brain metastasis from breast cancer, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Altered glycosylation is known to play a role in various diseases including cancer metastasis. However, profiling studies of O-glycans and their isomers in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) are scarce. This study analyzed the expression of O-glycans and their isomers in human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361, HTB131, and HTB22), a brain cancer cell line (CRL-1620), and a brain metastatic breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231BR) using nanoLC-MS/MS, identifying 27 O-glycan compositions. We observed significant upregulation in the expression of HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc2 and HexNAc2Hex3, whereas the expression of HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc1 was downregulated in MDA-MB-231BR compared to other cell lines. In our isomeric analysis, we observed notable alterations in the isomeric forms of the O-glycan structure HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc1 in a comparison of different cell lines. Our analysis of O-glycans and their isomers in cancer cells demonstrated that changes in their distribution can be related to the metastatic process. We believe that our investigation will contribute to an enhanced comprehension of the significance of O-glycans and their isomers in BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherifdeen Onigbinde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Akhila Reddy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Byeong Gwan Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Mona Goli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Joy Solomon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Moyinoluwa Adeniyi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Judith Nwaiwu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Mojibola Fowowe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Oluwatosin Daramola
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Waziha Purba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
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Nosalova N, Huniadi M, Horňáková Ľ, Valenčáková A, Horňák S, Nagoos K, Vozar J, Cizkova D. Canine Mammary Tumors: Classification, Biomarkers, Traditional and Personalized Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2891. [PMID: 38474142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have focused their attention on the dog as a proper animal model for human cancer. In dogs, mammary tumors develop spontaneously, involving a complex interplay between tumor cells and the immune system and revealing several molecular and clinical similarities to human breast cancer. In this review, we summarized the major features of canine mammary tumor, risk factors, and the most important biomarkers used for diagnosis and treatment. Traditional therapy of mammary tumors in dogs includes surgery, which is the first choice, followed by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormonal therapy. However, these therapeutic strategies may not always be sufficient on their own; advancements in understanding cancer mechanisms and the development of innovative treatments offer hope for improved outcomes for oncologic patients. There is still a growing interest in the use of personalized medicine, which should play an irreplaceable role in the research not only in human cancer therapy, but also in veterinary oncology. Moreover, immunotherapy may represent a novel and promising therapeutic option in canine mammary cancers. The study of novel therapeutic approaches is essential for future research in both human and veterinary oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Nosalova
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Mykhailo Huniadi
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ľubica Horňáková
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Alexandra Valenčáková
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Slavomir Horňák
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Nagoos
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Vozar
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Dasa Cizkova
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
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Yang NY, Zheng HH, Yu C, Ye Y, Du CT, Xie GH. Research progress of good markers for canine mammary carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10617-10625. [PMID: 37943402 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mammary gland tumors are the most common neoplastic diseases in elderly female dogs, about 50% of which are considered to be malignant. Canine mammary tumors are similar to human breast cancers in many respects, so canine mammary tumors are frequently studied alongside human breast cancer. This article mentioned KI-67, HER-2, COX-2, BRCA1, BRCA2, P53, CA15-3, MicroRNA, Top2α and so on. All these markers are expected to have an important role in the clinic. METHODS Existing markers of canine mammary carcinoma are reviewed, and the expression of each marker and its diagnostic role for this tumor are described in detail. RESULTS This article introduced several effective markers of canine mammary tumors, among them, antigen KI-67 (KI-67), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) are promising and can be detected in both serum and tissue samples. Breast cancer caused by mutations in the breast cancer 1 gene (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 gene (BRCA2) is also a hot topic of research. In addition to the above symbols, tumor protein p53 (p53), cancer antigen15-3 (CA15-3), MicroRNA (miRNA), topoisomerase πα (Top2α), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and E-cadherin will also be involved in this paper. We will also mention Mammaglobin, which has been rarely reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hui-Hua Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, 130062, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yan Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Chong-Tao Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Guang-Hong Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, 130062, China.
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Galadima M, Kotova I, Schmidt R, Pastor J, Schröder C, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Del Alamo MMR. Canine Mammary Neoplasia Induces Variations in the Peripheral Blood Levels of CD20, CD45RA, and CD99. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119222. [PMID: 37298173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The idea of using tumour biomarkers as diagnostic tools is progressively increasing. Of these, serum biomarkers are of particular interest, as they can provide rapid results. In the present study, serum samples from 26 bitches diagnosed with mammary tumours, plus 4 healthy bitches, were obtained. The samples were analysed using CD antibody microarrays targeting 90 CD surface markers and 56 cytokines/chemokines. A total of five CD proteins, namely CD20, CD45RA, CD53, CD59, and CD99, were selected and further analysed, utilizing immunoblotting techniques to validate the microarray results. CD45RA showed a significantly lower abundance in the serum samples from the bitches carrying mammary neoplasia in comparison to the healthy animals. Regarding CD99, the serum samples from the neoplastic bitches showed it in a significantly higher abundance than those from the healthy patients. Finally, CD20 showed a significantly higher abundance in bitches carrying a malignant mammary tumour in comparison to healthy patients, but no differential expression between malignant and benign tumours was observed. According to these results, both CD99 and CD45RA are indicators of mammary tumour presence, but without distinguishing between malignant and benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makchit Galadima
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Iuliia Kotova
- Sciomics GmbH, Karl-Landsteines-Straβe 6, 69151 Neckargemünd, Germany
| | - Ronny Schmidt
- Sciomics GmbH, Karl-Landsteines-Straβe 6, 69151 Neckargemünd, Germany
| | - Josep Pastor
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Joan Enric Rodríguez-Gil
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Maria Montserrat Rivera Del Alamo
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Oktaviyanti IK, Ali DS, Awadh SA, Opulencia MJC, Yusupov S, Dias R, Alsaikhan F, Mohammed MM, Sharma H, Mustafa YF, Saleh MM. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Recent advances on applications of immunosensing systems based on nanomaterials for CA15-3 breast cancer biomarker detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:367. [PMID: 35641643 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti
- Department of Pathology & Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Diyar Salahuddin Ali
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, 44002, Iraq
| | - Sura A Awadh
- Department of Anesthesia, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | - Shukhrat Yusupov
- Department of Pediatric Surgical Diseases, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Makhtumkuli Street 103, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Rui Dias
- School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal and CEFAGE-UE, IIFA, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mais Mahmood Mohammed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Medical Technology College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Computer Engineering and Applications, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Marwan Mahmood Saleh
- Department of Biophysics, College of Applied Sciences, University of Anbar, Al anbar, Iraq.
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Pinheiro BQ, de Magalhães FF, Alves FWDS, Silva ING, Faustino AMR, da Silva LDM. CA 15-3, CRP, and LDH correlates with prognostic parameters in canine mammary neoplasms. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20220086. [PMID: 36938312 PMCID: PMC10023068 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of putative prognostic factors in canine mammary neoplasms (CMNs) has been focused on tissue-specific biomarkers, but the serum biomarkers, including cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), c-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have been demonstrated to display clinical application in cases of CMNs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of these serum biomarkers and their association with well-established prognostic factors in CMNs. Samples from 15 female canines with CMNs and 15 clinically healthy ones were collected. The results were evaluated using the Tukey's, Pearson, or Spearman tests. The cut-off point, sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve (AUC) were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in a logistic regression model (P<0.05). The levels of CA 15-3, CRP and LDH were significantly higher in the serum of female dogs with CMNs compared to the healthy ones. Moreover, these factors were positively correlated with ulceration, tumor size, histopathological grade, metastatic lymph node, and clinical staging. Female dogs with CMNs were found to exhibit highest serum levels of CA 15-3, CRP, and LDH. Therefore, they can be applied to improve the efficacy of the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in casas of CMNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Queiroz Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Reprodução de Carnívoros, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Francisco Felipe de Magalhães
- Laboratório de Reprodução de Carnívoros, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Francisco Wesley da Silva Alves
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Isaac Neto Goes Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Augusto Manuel Rodrigues Faustino
- Departamento de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Daniel Machado da Silva
- Laboratório de Reprodução de Carnívoros, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
- Corresponding author:
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8
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Khosroshahi ME, Patel Y, Chabok R. Non-invasive optical characterization and detection of CA 15-3 breast cancer biomarker in blood serum using monoclonal antibody-conjugated gold nanourchin and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 38:24. [PMID: 36571665 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A proof-of-concept of colloidal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for rapid selective detection of overexpressed CA 15-3 biomarker in breast cancer serum (BCS) is suggested using PEGylated gold nanourchins (GNUs) conjugated with anti-CA 15-3 monoclonal antibody (mAb). UV-vis spectroscopy provided conformational information about mAb where the initial aromatic amino acid peak was red-shifted from 271 to 291 nm. The fluorescence peak of tyrosine in mAb was reduced by ≈ 77%, and red-shifted by ≈ 3 nm after incubation in BCS. Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy and SERS were used to study the composition and the molecular structure of the mAb and BCS. Some of the most dominant Raman shifts after GNU-PEG-mAb interaction with BCS are 498, 736, 818, 1397, 1484, 2028, 2271, and 3227 cm-1 mainly corresponding to C-N-C in amines, vibrational modes of amino acids, C-H out-of-plane bend, C-O stretching carboxylic acid, the vibrational mode in phospholipids, NH3+ amine salt, C≡N stretching in nitriles, and O-H stretching. The intensity of SERS signals varied per trial due to the statistical behavior of GNU in BCS, agglomeration, laser power, and the heating effect. Despite very small amount of plasmonic heating, the result of the ANOVA test demonstrated that under our experimental conditions, the heating effect on signal variation is negligible and that the differences in the laser power are insignificant for all SERS observations (p > 0.6); thus, other parameters are responsible. The absorbance of mAb-conjugated GNU was decreased after five minutes of irradiation at 8 mW in the BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad E Khosroshahi
- Nanobiophotonics & Biomedical Research Laboratory, M.I.S. Electronics Inc., Richmond Hill, ON, L4B 1B4, Canada.
- Institute for Advanced Non-Destructive & Diagnostic Technologies (IANDIT), University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - Yesha Patel
- Nanobiophotonics & Biomedical Research Laboratory, M.I.S. Electronics Inc., Richmond Hill, ON, L4B 1B4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Roxana Chabok
- Nanobiophotonics & Biomedical Research Laboratory, M.I.S. Electronics Inc., Richmond Hill, ON, L4B 1B4, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Canada
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9
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Colombe P, Béguin J, Benchekroun G, Le Roux D. Blood biomarkers for canine cancer, from human to veterinary oncology. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:767-777. [PMID: 35815441 PMCID: PMC9796515 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, interest in circulating tumour biomarkers is increasing both in human and veterinary oncology. An ideal tumour biomarker would allow early diagnosis of neoplasia, identify it specifically, accurately, establish a prognosis and predict its behaviour, especially regarding different therapeutic solutions. It would also allow to monitor its evolution over time and all this in a non-invasive and inexpensive way. Actually, no biomarkers meeting all of these criteria have been identified in veterinary medicine, particularly due to a lack of specificity of the main protein tumour biomarkers studied to date. However, great hope is currently placed in biomarkers grouped under the name of liquid biopsy, which could prove to be effective tools for common clinical use in the near future. This review gives an update on blood cancer biomarkers studied in dogs, such as ions, proteins, nucleic acids and also circulating cells, of which some might become more prominent in the coming years to help improve the management of animal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Colombe
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortBioPôle AlfortMaisons‐AlfortFrance,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortCHUVA, Service de Médecine InterneMaisons‐AlfortFrance
| | - Jérémy Béguin
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortCHUVA, Service de Médecine InterneMaisons‐AlfortFrance,Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortUMR VIROLOGIE, Laboratoire de Santé AnimaleMaisons‐AlfortFrance
| | - Ghita Benchekroun
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortCHUVA, Service de Médecine InterneMaisons‐AlfortFrance,Ecole nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortUniv Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRBMaisons‐AlfortFrance
| | - Delphine Le Roux
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortBioPôle AlfortMaisons‐AlfortFrance,Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'AlfortUMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé AnimaleMaisons‐AlfortFrance
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10
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Kaszak I, Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Domrazek K, Jurka P. The Novel Diagnostic Techniques and Biomarkers of Canine Mammary Tumors. Vet Sci 2022; 9:526. [PMID: 36288138 PMCID: PMC9610006 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are considered a serious clinical problem in older bitches. Due to the high malignancy rate and poor prognosis, an early diagnosis is essential. This article is a summary of novel diagnostic techniques as well as the main biomarkers of CMTs. So far, CMTs are detected only when changes in mammary glands are clinically visible and surgical removal of the mass is the only recommended treatment. Proper diagnostics of CMT is especially important as they represent a very diverse group of tumors and therefore different treatment approaches may be required. Recently, new diagnostic options appeared, like a new cytological grading system of CMTs or B-mode ultrasound, the Doppler technique, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and real-time elastography, which may be useful in pre-surgical evaluation. However, in order to detect malignancies before macroscopic changes are visible, evaluation of serum and tissue biomarkers should be considered. Among them, we distinguish markers of the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, metastatic potential and prognosis, hormone receptors, inflammatory and more recent: metabolomic, gene expression, miRNA, and transcriptome sequencing markers. The use of a couple of the above-mentioned markers together seems to be the most useful for the early diagnosis of neoplastic diseases as well as to evaluate response to treatment, presence of tumor progression, or further prognosis. Molecular aspects of tumors seem to be crucial for proper understanding of tumorigenesis and the application of individual treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Kaszak
- Laboratory of Small Animal Reproduction, Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Domrazek
- Laboratory of Small Animal Reproduction, Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Jurka
- Laboratory of Small Animal Reproduction, Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Fan S, Xie X, Shen Y, Wang W, Gu X, Yao Z. The predictive value of preoperative serum neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and tumor markers for early breast cancer patients: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30011. [PMID: 35960055 PMCID: PMC9371529 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), carcinoma embryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) could be used as prognostic indicators for several types of tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of inflammatory cell ratio and tumor markers for postoperative breast cancer patients. Clinical data concerning 190 breast cancer patients who underwent radical surgery in Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from 2013 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The effects of NLR, CEA, CA125, and CA153 on the disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with breast cancer were analyzed by χ2 test and Cox regression analyses. There were totally 32 of 190 patients had local or distant metastases within 5 years after surgery. The peripheral blood NLR, CEA, CA125, and CA15-3 areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.8272, 0.667, 0.702, and 0.715, and the optimal cutoff values were 2.65, 1.47, 10.55, and 10.55, respectively. Univariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the serum NLR, CEA, CA125, and CA15-3 were related to postoperative 5-year DFS (P < .05). In addition, multivariate survival analysis identified the following independent prognostic factors: NLR (P < .001), CA125 (P = .045) and ki-67 (P = .020). Preoperative serum inflammatory biomarker of NLR and tumor marker of CA125 have potential prognostic value for breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Fan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xidong Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyuan Yao, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 9 Ninth Avenue, Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hangzhou 310018, China (e-mail: )
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12
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Davodabadi F, Sarhadi M, Arabpour J, Sargazi S, Rahdar A, Díez-Pascual AM. Breast cancer vaccines: New insights into immunomodulatory and nano-therapeutic approaches. J Control Release 2022; 349:844-875. [PMID: 35908621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is known to be a highly heterogeneous disease that is clinically subdivided into four primary molecular subtypes, each having distinct morphology and clinical implications. These subtypes are principally defined by hormone receptors and other proteins involved (or not involved) in BC development. BC therapeutic vaccines [including peptide-based vaccines, protein-based vaccines, nucleic acid-based vaccines (DNA/RNA vaccines), bacterial/viral-based vaccines, and different immune cell-based vaccines] have emerged as an appealing class of cancer immunotherapeutics when used alone or combined with other immunotherapies. Employing the immune system to eliminate BC cells is a novel therapeutic modality. The benefit of active immunotherapies is that they develop protection against neoplastic tissue and readjust the immune system to an anti-tumor monitoring state. Such immunovaccines have not yet shown effectiveness for BC treatment in clinical trials. In recent years, nanomedicines have opened new windows to increase the effectiveness of vaccinations to treat BC. In this context, some nanoplatforms have been designed to efficiently deliver molecular, cellular, or subcellular vaccines to BC cells, increasing the efficacy and persistence of anti-tumor immunity while minimizing undesirable side effects. Immunostimulatory nano-adjuvants, liposomal-based vaccines, polymeric vaccines, virus-like particles, lipid/calcium/phosphate nanoparticles, chitosan-derived nanostructures, porous silicon microparticles, and selenium nanoparticles are among the newly designed nanostructures that have been used to facilitate antigen internalization and presentation by antigen-presenting cells, increase antigen stability, enhance vaccine antigenicity and remedial effectivity, promote antigen escape from the endosome, improve cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses, and produce humoral immune responses in BC cells. Here, we summarized the existing subtypes of BC and shed light on immunomodulatory and nano-therapeutic strategies for BC vaccination. Finally, we reviewed ongoing clinical trials on BC vaccination and highlighted near-term opportunities for moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davodabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran
| | - Javad Arabpour
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran.
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran.
| | - Ana M Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Qiong L, Yin J. Characterization of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein as a potential biomarker for breast cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5818-5826. [PMID: 35188865 PMCID: PMC8973993 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to the health of women worldwide. The early diagnosis of patients with cancer or those at high risk remains difficult, which makes treatment challenging. Therefore, the study of diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of cancer is very important. AGP biomarkers are expected to be potential biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer. This study aimed to explore the potential of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) as a biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer. The results revealed that the expression of AGP was high in breast cancer cells and tissues and was higher at stage IV than at stages III and II. Knockdown of ORM1, which encodes AGP, in MCF-7 cells suppressed the production of the inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α. These results suggest that AGP can serve as a therapeutic target and/or diagnostic marker for breast cancer. Overall, we found that AGP can serve as a biomarker for breast cancer and inhibit secretion of related pro-inflammatory facto by blocking ORM1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Qiong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hengyang Hospital, Southern Medical University (Hengyang Central Hospital), Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hengyang Hospital, Southern Medical University (Hengyang Central Hospital), Hengyang, Hunan, China
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14
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Vafaei R, Samadi M, Hosseinzadeh A, Barzaman K, Esmailinejad M, Khaki Z, Farahmand L. Comparison of mucin-1 in human breast cancer and canine mammary gland tumor: a review study. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:14. [PMID: 35000604 PMCID: PMC8744232 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin-1 (MUC-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which bears many similarities between dogs and humans. Since the existence of animal models is essential to understand the significant factors involved in breast cancer mechanisms, canine mammary tumors (CMTs) could be used as a spontaneously occurring tumor model for human studies. Accordingly, this review assessed the comparison of canine and human MUC-1 based on their diagnostic and therapeutic aspects and showed how comparative oncology approaches could provide insights into translating pre-clinical trials from human to veterinary oncology and vice versa which could benefit both humans and dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Vafaei
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Samadi
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysooda Hosseinzadeh
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Barzaman
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MohammadReza Esmailinejad
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Khaki
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Ramadan ES, Salem NY, Emam IA, AbdElKader NA, Farghali HA, Khattab MS. MicroRNA-21 expression, serum tumor markers, and immunohistochemistry in canine mammary tumors. Vet Res Commun 2021; 46:377-388. [PMID: 34787777 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are one of the most common malignancies in dogs and are associated with significant mortality. Serum tumor markers and non-coding microRNAs have gained widespread popularity in human oncology studies. The present study has two aims, first one is to investigate the miR-21 expression compared with changes in serum tumor markers (CEA and CA15-3) in CMT. The second aim is to detect the immunohistochemistry markers as vimentin, P63, and -SMA in CMT. METHODS This study enrolled 17 female dogs: 10 with mammary tumors and seven controls without tumors. Blood samples were collected to measure miR-21, CEA, and CA 15-3, and histological samples were prepared for histological grading and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS CA 15-3 was elevated in all animals, whereas CEA levels showed no change compared with controls. miR-21 was upregulated 12.84-fold in animals with CMT. The most frequently recorded CMT was the mixed type. Myoepithelial cells were identified by P63 immunoreactivity, but not SMA. High expression of miR-21 was observed with positive vimentin immunoreactivity, indicating the mesenchymal origin of the tumor cells. CONCLUSION The present study showed that miR-21 was elevated to a greater extent than CA 15-3 (12.84-fold vs. threefold). Tumors that was positive for vimentin immunoreactivity was also associated with an elevation in the levels of miR-21, showing that miR-21 is released from mesenchymal cells. These findings support the hypothesis that miR-21 may be a more sensitive, noninvasive indicator for CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S Ramadan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Noha Y Salem
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A Emam
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa A AbdElKader
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt
| | - Haithem A Farghali
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt.
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16
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Modi A, Purohit P, Gadwal A, Roy D, Fernandes S, Vishnoi JR, Pareek P, Elhence P, Misra S, Sharma P. A Combined Analysis of Serum Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Cancer Antigen 15-3 Enhances the Diagnostic Efficiency in Breast Cancer. EJIFCC 2021; 32:363-376. [PMID: 34819825 PMCID: PMC8592631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Existing diagnostic biomarkers of breast cancer (BC) are limited by poor sensitivity. In this study, we evaluated the role of serum GDF-15 in early BC diagnosis, independently and in combination with CA15-3, a known blood biomarker of BC. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 113 diagnosed, pre-therapy BC patients and 54 healthy controls were recruited. Clinical characteristics, TNM staging, and hormone receptor status of the patients were recorded. Serum GDF-15 and serum CA15-3 were measured by sandwich ELISA and chemiluminescence assay, respectively. RESULTS The serum GDF-15 levels were significantly (p<0.001) elevated in BC patients compared to healthy controls and in patients with larger tumor size, advanced disease stage, and distant metastasis. ROC analysis revealed that at the cut-off of 525.77 pg/mL, GDF-15 had greater sensitivity than CA15-3. GDF-15 and CA15-3 performed better in combination than individually, with the combined test having an AUC of 0.85 and sensitivity and specificity of 0.63 and 0.98, respectively.Further, serum GDF-15 had a better predictive ability for early-stage BC compared to CA15-3. GDF-15 could independently diagnose BC patients after adjusting for age. CONCLUSION We conclude that serum GDF-15 is a promising, robust marker for detecting early-stage BC. However, larger prospective studies are necessary to validate this claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India,Corresponding author: Purvi Purohit Department of Biochemistry AIIMS, Jodhpur India
| | | | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
| | | | | | - Puneet Pareek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
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17
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Amirkhani Namagerdi A, d'Angelo D, Ciani F, Iannuzzi CA, Napolitano F, Avallone L, De Laurentiis M, Giordano A. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Comparison With Canine Mammary Tumors From Light Microscopy to Molecular Pathology. Front Oncol 2020; 10:563779. [PMID: 33282730 PMCID: PMC7689249 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.563779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many similar characteristics in human and dog cancers including, spontaneous development, clinical presentation, tumor heterogeneity, disease progression, and response to standard therapies have promoted the approval of this comparative model as an alternative to mice. Breast cancer represents the second most frequent neoplasm in humans after lung cancer. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) constitute around 15% of all cases of breast cancer and do not express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and do not overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). As a result, they do not benefit from hormonal or trastuzumab-based therapy. Patients with TNBC have worse overall survival than patients with non-TNBC. Lehmann and collaborators described six different molecular subtypes of TNBC which further demonstrated its transcriptional heterogeneity. This six TNBC subtype classification has therapeutic implications. Breast cancer is the second most frequent neoplasm in sexually intact female dogs after skin cancer. Canine mammary tumors are a naturally occurring heterogeneous group of cancers that have several features in common with human breast cancer (HBC). These similarities include etiology, signaling pathway activation, and histological classification. Molecularly CMTs are more like TNBCs, and therefore dogs are powerful spontaneous models of cancer to test new therapeutic approaches, particularly for human TNBCs. More malignant tumors of the breast are more often ER and PR negative in both humans and dogs. Promising breast cancer biomarkers in both humans and canines are cancer-associated stroma (CAS), circulating tumor cells and tumor DNA (ctDNA), exosomes and miRNAs, and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danila d'Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Ciani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Napolitano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CCEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Avallone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Michelino De Laurentiis
- Breast Oncology Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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18
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Mandara MT, Foiani G, Silvestri S, Chiaradia E. Immunoexpression of epithelial membrane antigen in canine meningioma: Novel results for perspective considerations. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 19:115-122. [PMID: 32875656 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) is one of the most widely used diagnostic immunohistochemical markers for human meningioma. To date, no published study on EMA expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of canine meningioma is available. Here, we describe the results of an immunohistochemical study on 25 FFPE canine meningiomas using a monoclonal anti-human EMA antibody. All meningiomas showed positive staining for EMA with cytoplasmic pattern, in nine cases associated with membranous staining. Area and intensity of staining were highly variable among cases. No clear relationships between tumour subtype/grade and area/intensity of staining were found. However, epithelial-like patterns showed a higher affinity for EMA compared to the mesenchymal one. The present study provides the basis to explore the potential diagnostic application of this marker in canine meningioma. To investigate EMA expression in other central nervous system tumours of dogs are necessary to assess the specificity of this marker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Greta Foiani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Jeong S, Park MJ, Song W, Kim HS. Current immunoassay methods and their applications to clinically used biomarkers of breast cancer. Clin Biochem 2020; 78:43-57. [PMID: 32007438 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with a higher incidence in developed countries. The biomarkers for breast cancer such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, CA (cancer antigen) 15-3, CA 27.29, and carcinoembryonic antigen have been recommended for use in the laboratory based on the guidelines of American and European societies. Immunoassays have been frequently and consistently used to detect these clinically established biomarkers of breast cancer. Despite the higher accessibility of serum biomarkers, including CA 15-3, CA 27.29, and CEA, compared to tissue markers, variations in immunoassays affect their standardization and clinical utility. When reviewing the immunoassays used to detect these serum markers, we found that the most frequently used immunoassay was enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, followed by electrochemiluminescent immunoassay, and then chemiluminescence immunoassay for CA 15-3 and CEA. Meanwhile, the chemiluminescence immunoassay was the most common technique for CA27.29. The electrochemiluminescent immunoassay and monoclonal fluorometric assay have become the preferred methods in 2010-2019 compared to 2000-2009. Analytical and clinical performance factors such as sensitivity, specificity, detection limit, hazard risk to laboratory personnel, speed, and economic feasibility influenced these changes in user preference. When using the immunoassays, there should be a comprehensive understanding of the principles, advantages, vulnerability, and precautions for interpretation. In the future, a combination of immunological biomarkers and genetic platforms will benefit patients with breast cancer by facilitating prognosis prediction and guiding therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1 Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07440, South Korea.
| | - Min-Jeong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1 Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07440, South Korea.
| | - Wonkeun Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1 Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07440, South Korea.
| | - Hyon-Suk Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
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20
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Araújo P, Campinho D, Mendonça F, Evêncio Neto J. Dosagem sérica do marcador tumoral CA 15.3 em cadelas portadoras de neoplasias mamárias pelo método de eletroquimioluminescência. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-10828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P.B. Araújo
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
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21
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Raheem AR, Abdul-Rasheed OF, Al-Naqqash MA. The diagnostic power of circulating micro ribonucleic acid 34a in combination with cancer antigen 15-3 as a potential biomarker of breast cancer. Saudi Med J 2019; 40:1218-1226. [PMID: 31828273 PMCID: PMC6969640 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.12.24712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the circulating levels of microRNA-34a (miRNA-34a) as a novel non-invasive biomarker of breast cancer (BC). Methods: The case-control study was conducted at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, from December 2018 to April 2019. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction has been employed to analyze miRNA-34a expression in the samples of serum from 90 participants (30 patients with BC, 30 patients with benign breast tumors, and 30 control subjects) after RNA extraction and reverse transcription. Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured by ELISA. Additionally, we analyzed the receiver operating characteristic curves of various markers, including miRNA -34a, CA15-3, and CEA, to assess the diagnostic power of each marker. Results: The expression of miRNA-34a has been significantly lower in the group of breast cancer compared with that in the group of control, and miRNA-34a expression has been significantly reduced in the group of benign breast tumor compared as that in the group of control. Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed a very good discriminative power of combined miRNA-34a and CA15-3 (specificity=77.7%; sensitivity=83.3% and areas under the curve =0.842) for BC patients. Conclusion: MicroRNA-34a expression is significantly decreased in the patients’ serum with the cancer of breast, and miRNA-34a can be employed as a potential non-invasive molecular marker for the early diagnosis of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar R Raheem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail.
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22
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Senhorello ILS, Terra EM, Sueiro FAR, Firmo BF, Anai LA, Goloni C, Canavari IC, Ampuero RAN, Pereira RS, Tinucci-Costa M. Clinical value of carcinoembryonic antigen in mammary neoplasms of bitches. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:315-323. [PMID: 31664787 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the behaviour and understanding the diagnostic value of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in bitches with mammary carcinoma as a tool for monitoring and prognosis of canine cancer patients. Serum samples from 77 bitches were divided into four groups, G1 (n = 21), control group (healthy/neoplasia free bitches); G2 (n = 31), bitches with non-metastatic mammary carcinoma less than 3 cm; G3 (n = 12), bitches with non-metastatic mammary carcinoma greater than 3 cm; and, G4 (n = 13) bitches with mammary carcinoma and lymph node metastasis. The marker was dosed once in G1, whereas in G2, G3 and G4, CEA levels were determined before (M0) and 15 days after (M1) mastectomy, using the ELISA kit for humans while reading used ELISYS ONE human. A group of 11 bitches was followed up 45 days after mastectomy (M2). The results for the concentration of markers in blood serum samples at the evaluated times and their relationship with neoplasia biological behaviour and observed clinicopathological changes were evaluated by the Tukey test at 5% significance. The ROC curve was established to find the cut-off value and calculate the test sensitivity and specificity, the multivariate matching analysis was performed to confirm the association between CEA values and clinicopathological variables. CEA values increased significantly in bitches with mammary carcinoma, metastatic tumours with a diameter larger than 3.0 cm and high grade, compared with healthy ones. In addition, mastectomy reduced the CEA concentration in the blood (P < .05) whereas high CEA levels were associated with unfavourable prognostic factors (P < .05). The biomarker presented good diagnostic value, especially for more aggressive tumours. In conclusion, CEA serum concentrations allowed to follow efficiently the evolution of mammary tumours in bitches, since CEA values increased in bitches with mammary gland tumour and decreased after mastectomy while correlating with prognostic factors such as tumour size, nodal metastasis and histological grade. Further studies are still needed to confirm its diagnostic value for follow-up of relapse and early metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor L S Senhorello
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika M Terra
- Veterinarian, Nestlé Purina PetCare, Altinópolis, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe A R Sueiro
- Veterinarian, VETPAT Pathology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna F Firmo
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia A Anai
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Goloni
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela C Canavari
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto A N Ampuero
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Pereira
- Veterinarian, VETPAT Pathology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirela Tinucci-Costa
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Varallo GR, Gelaleti GB, Maschio-Signorini LB, Moschetta MG, Lopes JR, De Nardi AB, Tinucci-Costa M, Rocha RM, De Campos Zuccari DAP. Prognostic phenotypic classification for canine mammary tumors. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6545-6553. [PMID: 31807173 PMCID: PMC6876320 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary neoplasms are a heterogeneous form of disease, and in order to determine its course and biological features with more accuracy, investigations based on tumor phenotypes are required. The aim of the present study was to propose and validate a phenotypic classification for canine mammary tumors and to assess any association between clinicopathological characteristics, survival and prognosis. For the immunohistochemistry analysis, the primary antibodies against estrogen receptor-α, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)/neu and E-cadherin were used. A total of 110 canine mammary tumors were investigated; 42 tumors were classified as luminal A, 41 as luminal B, 17 as triple-negative and 10 as HER-2-positive. The luminal A and B phenotypes were associated with improved prognosis, whereas HER-2positive and triple-negative tumors were more aggressive, and exhibited a significant association with the occurrence of metastasis, a worse Tumor-Node-Metastasis classification and shorter survival time (P<0.05). In addition, there were different levels of E-cadherin expression intensity observed among the four tumor profiles investigated. Luminal A and B phenotypes presented an upregulation of E-cadherin compared with the HER-2 positive and triple-negative phenotypes (P<0.05). From the results of the present study, the proposed immunohistochemical panel and phenotypic classification techniques could be useful diagnostic tools with a good technical applicability in veterinary oncology. The analysis of E-cadherin expression in the panel of tumor markers allowed a more accurate classification for determining the biological features of the mammary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Rossi Varallo
- Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bottaro Gelaleti
- Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Bazela Maschio-Signorini
- Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Gobbe Moschetta
- Laboratory of Molecular Investigation of Cancer, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Ramos Lopes
- Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Andrigo Barboza De Nardi
- Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Mirela Tinucci-Costa
- Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Malagoli Rocha
- International Research Center-A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Debora Aparecida Pires De Campos Zuccari
- Laboratory of Molecular Investigation of Cancer, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15090-000, Brazil
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The prognostic significance of preoperative tumor marker (CEA, CA15-3) elevation in breast cancer patients: data from the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 177:669-678. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Dong J, Yang W, Han J, Cheng R, Guo X, Li L. Effect of dihydroartemisinin on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in canine mammary tumour cells. Res Vet Sci 2019; 124:240-247. [PMID: 30947110 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal properties, generating metastases. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) exhibits potent anti-cancer activities. CMTs is a potential suitable model for studies in human breast cancer research. In the present study, we separated DHA-untreated cells from CMTs cells to be a control group, the rest of the CMTs cells treated by DHA which were composed of three concentrations 5,10 as well as 20 μM. After that we cultivate the cells severally under the condition of 24, 48 and 72 h at 37 °C. CMTs cells were evaluated by Cell viability assay, Wound healing assay, Invasion assay and RT-PCR analysis for the expression of Slug, ZEB1, ZEB2 and Twist. Our results showed that DHA increased the inhibitory rate of CMTs cell and restrain TGF-β1-induced migration and invasion of cells in a time and concentration reliant manner efficaciously. Our result also show DHA inhibits the expression of Slug, ZEB1, ZEB2 and Twist at the mRNA in vitro, the media concentration DHA (10 μM) decreased the expression level of the Slug, ZEB1, ZEB2 mRNA significantly. In conclusion, DHA inhibits canine mammary tumours cells migration and invasiveness by regulating the expression of EMT-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161,China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161,China
| | - Jiaqi Han
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161,China
| | - Rongjie Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161,China
| | - Xin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161,China
| | - Lin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161,China.
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Kaszak I, Ruszczak A, Kanafa S, Kacprzak K, Król M, Jurka P. Current biomarkers of canine mammary tumors. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60:66. [PMID: 30373614 PMCID: PMC6206704 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary tumors are the second most common neoplasia in dogs. Due to the high similarity of canine mammary tumors (CMT) to human breast cancers (HBC), human biomarkers of HBC are also detectable in cases of CMT. The evaluation of biomarkers enables clinical diagnoses, treatment options and prognosis for bitches suffering from this disease. The aim of this article is to give a short summary of the biomarkers of CMT based on current literature. Very promising biomarkers are miRNAs, cancer stem cells, and circulating tumor cells, as well as mutations of the breast cancer 1 gene (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 gene (BRCA2). Until now, the most studied and reliable biomarkers of CMT have remained antigen Ki-67 (Ki-67), endothelial growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-2), which can be detected in both serum and tissue samples using different molecular methods. However, carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), while poorly studied, seem to be good biomarkers, especially for the early detection and prognosis of CMT. We will also mention the following: proliferative cell nuclear antigen, tumor protein p53 (p53), E-cadherin, vascular endothelial growth factor, microRNAs, cancer stem cells and circulating tumor cells, which can also be useful biomarkers. Although many studies have been conducted so far, the estimation of biomarkers in cases of CMT is still not a common practice, and more detailed research should be done.
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Functionalized vertical GaN micro pillar arrays with high signal-to-background ratio for detection and analysis of proteins secreted from breast tumor cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14917. [PMID: 29097674 PMCID: PMC5668294 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of cancer biomarkers has recently attracted significant attention as a means of determining the correct course of treatment with targeted therapeutics. However, because the concentration of these biomarkers in blood is usually relatively low, highly sensitive biosensors for fluorescence imaging and precise detection are needed. In this study, we have successfully developed vertical GaN micropillar (MP) based biosensors for fluorescence sensing and quantitative measurement of CA15-3 antigens. The highly ordered vertical GaN MP arrays result in the successful immobilization of CA15-3 antigens on each feature of the arrays, thereby allowing the detection of an individual fluorescence signal from the top surface of the arrays owing to the high regularity of fluorophore-tagged MP spots and relatively low background signal. Therefore, our fluorescence-labeled and CA15-3 functionalized vertical GaN-MP-based biosensor is suitable for the selective quantitative analysis of secreted CA15-3 antigens from MCF-7 cell lines, and helps in the early diagnosis and prognosis of serious diseases as well as the monitoring of the therapeutic response of breast cancer patients.
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Haidar S, Bhanushali PB, Shukla KK, Modi D, Puri CP, Badgujar SB, Chugh M. Simplified approach for in-vitro production and purification of cell derived Cancer Antigen 15-3. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:1456-1462. [PMID: 29017885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) is a key biomarker, currently used for understanding the onset and prognosis of breast cancer. In present investigation, CA15-3 has been purified from the culture supernatant of breast cancer T47-D cell line with 76% yield and 3350 fold purification. Isolated CA15-3 was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblotting (western blotting), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). CA15-3 is a monomeric protein with an apparent molecular mass in between ∼250-350kDa. The FTIR spectroscopy revealed similar profiles of T47-D derived CA15-3 and commercially available CA15-3 protein. With the easy availability of T47-D cell line and a simple purification approach described here will support for the large scale production of CA15-3 to be used for various clinical and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Haidar
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Native Proteins, Research and Development Division, Yashraj Biotechnology Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400705, Maharashtra, India; Department of Medical Biotechnology, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai 410209, Maharashtra, India
| | - Paresh B Bhanushali
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Native Proteins, Research and Development Division, Yashraj Biotechnology Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400705, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kunal K Shukla
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Native Proteins, Research and Development Division, Yashraj Biotechnology Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400705, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepak Modi
- Department of Molecular-Cellular Biology and Biochemistry, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chander P Puri
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Native Proteins, Research and Development Division, Yashraj Biotechnology Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400705, Maharashtra, India; Department of Medical Biotechnology, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai 410209, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shamkant B Badgujar
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Native Proteins, Research and Development Division, Yashraj Biotechnology Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400705, Maharashtra, India; Department of Molecular-Cellular Biology and Biochemistry, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Manoj Chugh
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Native Proteins, Research and Development Division, Yashraj Biotechnology Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400705, Maharashtra, India.
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Giralt E, Lo Re D. The Therapeutic Potential of Migrastatin-Core Analogs for the Treatment of Metastatic Cancer. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020198. [PMID: 28208778 PMCID: PMC6155687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a complex process in which cells detach from the primary tumor and colonize a distant organ. Metastasis is also the main process responsible for cancer-related death. Despite the enormous efforts made to unravel the metastatic process, there is no effective therapy, and patients with metastatic tumors have poor prognosis. In this regard, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic tools for the treatment of this disease. Small molecules with the capacity to reduce cell migration could be used to treat metastasis. Migrastatin-core analogs are naturally inspired macrocycles that inhibit pathological cell migration and are able to reduce metastasis in animal models. Migrastatin analogs can be synthesized from a common advanced intermediate. Herein we present a review of the synthetic approaches that can be used to prepare this key intermediate, together with a review of the biological activity of migrastatin-core analogs and current hypotheses concerning their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1-11, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
| | - Daniele Lo Re
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
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Effect of Melatonin in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Markers and Invasive Properties of Breast Cancer Stem Cells of Canine and Human Cell Lines. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150407. [PMID: 26934679 PMCID: PMC4774906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been associated with metastasis and therapeutic resistance and can be generated via epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Some studies suggest that the hormone melatonin acts in CSCs and may participate in the inhibition of the EMT. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the formation of mammospheres from the canine and human breast cancer cell lines, CMT-U229 and MCF-7, and the effects of melatonin treatment on the modulation of stem cell and EMT molecular markers: OCT4, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin, as well as on cell viability and invasiveness of the cells from mammospheres. The CMT-U229 and MCF-7 cell lines were subjected to three-dimensional culture in special medium for stem cells. The phenotype of mammospheres was first evaluated by flow cytometry (CD44+/CD24low/- marking). Cell viability was measured by MTT colorimetric assay and the expression of the proteins OCT4, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin was evaluated by immunofluorescence and quantified by optical densitometry. The analysis of cell migration and invasion was performed in Boyden Chamber. Flow cytometry proved the stem cell phenotype with CD44+/CD24low/- positive marking for both cell lines. Cell viability of CMT-U229 and MCF-7 cells was reduced after treatment with 1mM melatonin for 24 h (P<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed increased E-cadherin expression (P<0.05) and decreased expression of OCT4, N-cadherin and vimentin (P<0.05) in both cell lines after treatment with 1 mM melatonin for 24 hours. Moreover, treatment with melatonin was able to reduce cell migration and invasion in both cell lines when compared to control group (P<0.05). Our results demonstrate that melatonin shows an inhibitory role in the viability and invasiveness of breast cancer mammospheres as well as in modulating the expression of proteins related to EMT in breast CSCs, suggesting its potential anti-metastatic role in canine and human breast cancer cell lines.
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Campos LC, Silva JO, Santos FS, Araújo MR, Lavalle GE, Ferreira E, Cassali GD. Prognostic significance of tissue and serum HER2 and MUC1 in canine mammary cancer. J Vet Diagn Invest 2015; 27:531-5. [PMID: 26179096 DOI: 10.1177/1040638715592445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to compare serum levels and protein tissue of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 proto-oncogene (HER2) and mucin 1 (MUC1) using an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in canine mammary carcinomas and investigate how the 2 markers correlate with dogs with metastasis and without metastasis to a regional lymph node. Forty-eight female dogs were selected, including 14 with non-metastatic cancer, 14 with lymph node metastasis, and 20 healthy animals. Serum samples were collected from all the animals and tissues from 28 dogs with malignant mammary tumor with or without metastasis for evaluated HER2 and MUC1 expression. Tissue sample were evaluated for MUC1 and HER2 immunoexpression by IHC. The results showed measurable serum levels of MUC1 and HER2 in all groups. While serum MUC1 levels were significantly higher in animals with metastasis than the other 2 groups, no increase was observed in HER2 serum levels. The MUC1 IHC results showed that only membrane immunostaining was significantly different between the groups. Statistically, there was an association between immunostaining and the serum HER2 levels. Our results indicate that serum concentrations of HER2 and the IHC staining pattern for HER2 in primary tumor do not correlate with the presence of regional metastasis. However, increased concentrations of MUC1 in the serum of dogs with mammary cancer are associated with the presence of metastasis to regional lymph nodes. A membrane pattern of IHC staining for MUC1 in the primary tumor suggests that metastases to regional lymph node are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane C Campos
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences (Campos, Silva, Santos, Araújo, Ferreira, Cassali), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVeterinary School, Veterinary Hospital (Lavalle), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana O Silva
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences (Campos, Silva, Santos, Araújo, Ferreira, Cassali), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVeterinary School, Veterinary Hospital (Lavalle), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabiana S Santos
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences (Campos, Silva, Santos, Araújo, Ferreira, Cassali), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVeterinary School, Veterinary Hospital (Lavalle), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marina R Araújo
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences (Campos, Silva, Santos, Araújo, Ferreira, Cassali), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVeterinary School, Veterinary Hospital (Lavalle), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gleidice E Lavalle
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences (Campos, Silva, Santos, Araújo, Ferreira, Cassali), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVeterinary School, Veterinary Hospital (Lavalle), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Enio Ferreira
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences (Campos, Silva, Santos, Araújo, Ferreira, Cassali), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVeterinary School, Veterinary Hospital (Lavalle), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Geovanni D Cassali
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences (Campos, Silva, Santos, Araújo, Ferreira, Cassali), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVeterinary School, Veterinary Hospital (Lavalle), Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Lopes JR, Maschio LB, Jardim-Perassi BV, Moschetta MG, Ferreira LC, Martins GR, Gelaleti GB, De Campos Zuccari DAP. Evaluation of melatonin treatment in primary culture of canine mammary tumors. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:311-9. [PMID: 25384569 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary neoplasias are the most common tumors observed in female dogs. Identification of these tumors is valuable in order to identify beneficial therapeutic agents as alternative treatments for this tumor type. Oral administration of melatonin appears to exert an oncostatic effect on mammary neoplasia and may have a possible mechanism of action through its interaction with estrogen receptors on epithelial cells. Hence, we analyzed the potential therapeutic value of melatonin in tumors that are estrogen-dependent or -independent, and established a relationship of its action with the expression of the melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2. Furthermore, we analyzed the rate of cell proliferation and apoptosis after treatment with melatonin. Cell cultures were performed using 10 canine mammary tumor fragments and were divided into estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative tumors. The results showed that both ER-positive and ER-negative tumors had decreased cell viability and proliferation after treatment with melatonin (p<0.05), although treatment was more effective in the ER-positive tumors. Analysis of the relative expression of the MT1 and MT2 genes by quantitative PCR was performed and the data were compared with the expression of ER in 24 canine mammary tumors and the cellular response to melatonin in 10 samples. MT1 was overexpressed in ER-positive tumors (p<0.05), whereas MT2 was not expressed. Furthermore, melatonin treatment in ER-positive tumors showed an efficient oncostatic effect by inhibiting cell viability and proliferation and inducing apoptosis. These results suggest that melatonin decreased neoplastic mammary cell proliferation and viability and induced apoptosis, with greater efficacy in ER-positive tumors that have a high expression of melatonin receptor MT1. This is a strong evidence for the use of melatonin as a therapeutic agent for estrogen-dependent canine mammary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ramos Lopes
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Bazela Maschio
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lívia Carvalho Ferreira
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Bottaro Gelaleti
- Post-graduate Program in Genetics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Migrastatin analogues inhibit canine mammary cancer cell migration and invasion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76789. [PMID: 24116159 PMCID: PMC3792885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer spread to other organs is the main cause of death of oncological patients. Migration of cancer cells from a primary tumour is the crucial step in the complex process of metastasis, therefore blocking this process is currently the main treatment strategy. Metastasis inhibitors derived from natural products, such as, migrastatin, are very promising anticancer agents. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of six migrastatin analogues (MGSTA-1 to 6) on migration and invasion of canine mammary adenocarcinoma cell lines isolated from primary tumours and their metastases to the lungs. Canine mammary tumours constitute a valuable tool for studying multiple aspect of human cancer. RESULTS OUR RESULTS SHOWED THAT TWO OF SIX FULLY SYNTHETIC ANALOGUES OF MIGRASTATIN: MGSTA-5 and MGSTA-6 were potent inhibitors of canine mammary cancer cells migration and invasion. These data were obtained using the wound healing test, as well as trans-well migration and invasion assays. Furthermore, the treatment of cancer cells with the most effective compound (MGSTA-6) disturbed binding between filamentous F-actin and fascin1. Confocal microscopy analyses revealed that treatment with MGSTA-6 increased the presence of unbound fascin1 and reduced co-localization of F-actin and fascin1 in canine cancer cells. Most likely, actin filaments were not cross-linked by fascin1 and did not generate the typical filopodial architecture of actin filaments in response to the activity of MGSTA-6. Thus, administration of MGSTA-6 results in decreased formation of filopodia protrusions and stress fibres in canine mammary cancer cells, causing inhibition of cancer migration and invasion. CONCLUSION Two synthetic migrastatin analogues (MGSTA-5 and MGSTA-6) were shown to be promising compounds for inhibition of cancer metastasis. They may have beneficial therapeutic effects in cancer therapy in dogs, especially in combination with other anticancer drugs. However, further in vivo studies are required to verify this hypothesis.
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Pawłowski KM, Maciejewski H, Majchrzak K, Dolka I, Mol JA, Motyl T, Król M. Five markers useful for the distinction of canine mammary malignancy. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:138. [PMID: 23844591 PMCID: PMC3750412 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Spontaneous canine mammary tumors constitute a serious clinical problem. There are significant differences in survival between cases with different tumor grades. Unfortunately, the distinction between various grades is not clear. A major problem in evaluating canine mammary cancer is identifying those, that are “truly” malignant. That is why the aim of our study was to find the new markers of canine malignancy, which could help to diagnose the most malignant tumors. Results Analysis of gene expression profiles of canine mammary carcinoma of various grade of malignancy followed by the boosted tree analysis distinguished a `gene set`. The expression of this gene set (sehrl, zfp37, mipep, relaxin, and magi3) differs significantly in the most malignant tumors at mRNA level as well as at protein level. Despite this `gene set` is very interesting as an additional tool to estimate canine mammary malignancy, it should be validated using higher number of samples. Conclusions The proposed gene set can constitute a `malignancy marker` that could help to distinguish the most malignant canine mammary carcinomas. These genes are also interesting as targets for further investigations and therapy. So far, only two of them were linked with the cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol M Pawłowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - WULS, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Pawłowski KM, Homa A, Bulkowska M, Majchrzak K, Motyl T, Król M. Expression of inflammation-mediated cluster of genes as a new marker of canine mammary malignancy. Vet Res Commun 2013; 37:123-31. [PMID: 23435839 PMCID: PMC3646156 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-013-9554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Because canine mammary tumours constitute a serious clinical problem and there are no good prognostic markers (only histopathological variables are used), the aim of the presented study was to find new malignancy markers as well as to identify intracellular pathways and biological processes characteristic for canine mammary malignancy. We compared gene expression of the most malignant mammary tumours (poorly differentiated cancers of the 3rd grade of malignancy) with less malignant tumours (well differentiated cancers of the 1st grade of malignancy). The results of our study indicated that in dogs the number of tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells or expression of myeloid-specific antigens by cancer cells is related to the cancer progression and may constitute a new marker of malignancy, however further studies in this field are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Pawłowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A. Homa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Bulkowska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Majchrzak
- Department of Animal Environment Biology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T. Motyl
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Król
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Campos L, Lavalle G, Estrela-Lima A, Melgaço de Faria J, Guimarães J, Dutra Á, Ferreira E, de Sousa L, Rabelo É, Vieira da Costa A, Cassali G. CA15.3, CEA and LDH in Dogs with Malignant Mammary Tumors. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26:1383-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.01014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L.C. Campos
- Institute of Biological Sciences; UFMG; Belo Horizonte; MG,; Brazil
| | - G.E. Lavalle
- Veterinary School/Veterinary Hospital; UFMG; Belo Horizonte; MG,; Brazil
| | - A. Estrela-Lima
- Veterinary Medical School/Veterinary Hospital; UFBA; Salvador; Bahia,; Brazil
| | | | - J.E. Guimarães
- Veterinary Medical School/Veterinary Hospital; UFBA; Salvador; Bahia,; Brazil
| | - Á.P. Dutra
- University of Minas Gerais Clinics Hospital; Belo Horizonte; MG,; Brazil
| | - E. Ferreira
- Institute of Biological Sciences; UFMG; Belo Horizonte; MG,; Brazil
| | | | - É.M.L. Rabelo
- Institute of Biological Sciences; UFMG; Belo Horizonte; MG,; Brazil
| | | | - G.D. Cassali
- Institute of Biological Sciences; UFMG; Belo Horizonte; MG,; Brazil
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