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Lim J, Li J, Feng X, Feng L, Xiao X, Zhou M, Yang H, Xu Z. Predicting TCM patterns in PCOS patients: An exploration of feature selection methods and multi-label machine learning models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35283. [PMID: 39166018 PMCID: PMC11334618 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers individualized treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) through pattern differentiation, but the subjectivity of TCM diagnoses can lead to inconsistent outcomes. Integrating machine learning (ML) offers an objective basis to support TCM diagnoses. This study aims to evaluate various feature selection techniques and multi-label ML algorithms to develop an effective predictive model for classifying TCM patterns in PCOS patients, thereby enhancing diagnostic standardization and treatment personalization. Methods The study utilized a dataset comprising 432 patients with PCOS, exhibiting one or more of five TCM patterns. Feature selection began with Variance Thresholding (VT), followed by a comparison of five advanced techniques: Statistical Analysis Test, Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross-Validation (RFECV), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Regression, BorutaShap, and ReliefF. To ascertain the most effective model for predicting PCOS TCM patterns, four ML algorithms-Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Artificial Neural Networks-were evaluated against the identified feature set. Results VT reduced the feature count from 224 to 174. RFECV emerged as the most effective feature selection method, identifying 67 key features. XGBoost emerged as the top-performing model, demonstrating superior testing accuracy (0.7870), F1 score (0.9519), and Hamming loss (0.0481) with RFECV-optimized features. Conclusions The RFECV-XGBoost model proved effective for classifying TCM patterns in PCOS. It emphasizes the necessity of precise feature selection and the significant capabilities of ML in advancing TCM pattern diagnostics, marking a significant step toward enhancing precise and personalized healthcare in biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiekee Lim
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jieyun Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiao Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lu Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xinang Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mi Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhaoxia Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, Shanghai, PR China
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2
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Elwyn R, Adams M, Sharpe SL, Silverstein S, LaMarre A, Downs J, Burnette CB. Discordant conceptualisations of eating disorder recovery and their influence on the construct of terminality. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:70. [PMID: 38831456 PMCID: PMC11145809 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01016-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are complex, multifaceted conditions that significantly impact quality-of-life, often co-occur with multiple medical and psychiatric diagnoses, and are associated with a high risk of medical sequelae and mortality. Fortunately, many people recover even after decades of illness, although there are different conceptualisations of recovery and understandings of how recovery is experienced. Differences in these conceptualisations influence categorisations of ED experiences (e.g., longstanding vs. short-duration EDs), prognoses, recommended treatment pathways, and research into treatment outcomes. Within recent years, the proposal of a 'terminal' illness stage for a subset of individuals with anorexia nervosa and arguments for the prescription of end-of-life pathways for such individuals has ignited debate. Semantic choices are influential in ED care, and it is critical to consider how conceptualisations of illness and recovery and power dynamics influence outcomes and the ED 'staging' discourse. Conceptually, 'terminality' interrelates with understandings of recovery, efficacy of available treatments, iatrogenic harm, and complex co-occurring diagnoses, as well as the functions of an individual's eating disorder, and the personal and symbolic meanings an individual may hold regarding suffering, self-starvation, death, health and life. Our authorship represents a wide range of lived and living experiences of EDs, treatment, and recovery, ranging from longstanding and severe EDs that may meet descriptors of a 'terminal' ED to a variety of definitions of 'recovery'. Our experiences have given rise to a shared motivation to analyse how existing discourses of terminality and recovery, as found in existing research literature and policy, may shape the conceptualisations, beliefs, and actions of individuals with EDs and the healthcare systems that seek to serve them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosiel Elwyn
- Neuroscience and psychiatry, Thompson Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Sam L Sharpe
- Fighting Eating Disorders in Underrepresented Populations (FEDUP, Collective), West Palm Beach, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - C Blair Burnette
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.
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3
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Imran S, Bibi Y, Yang LE, Qayyum A, He W, Yang J, Yang X, Pu X, Li X, Zeng Y. Health-promoting compounds in Amomum villosum Lour and Amomum tsao-ko: Fruit essential oil exhibiting great potential for human health. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27492. [PMID: 38463888 PMCID: PMC10923843 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Zingiberaceae family serves as a diverse repository of bioactive phytochemicals, comprising approximately 52 genera and 1300 species of aromatic perennial herbs distinguished by their distinct creeping horizontal or tuberous rhizomes. Amomum villosum Lour. and Amomum tsao-ko Crevost & Lemaire., are the important plants of family Zingiberaceae that have been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many ailments. The Amomum species are employed for their aromatic qualities and are valued as spices and flavorings. In the essential oils (EOs) of Amomum species, notable constituents include, camphor, methyl chavicol, bornyl acetate, trans-p-(1-butenyl) anisole, α-pinene, and β-pinene. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to present an overview of pharmacological studies pertaining to the extracts and secondary metabolites isolated from both species. The foremost objective of review is not only to increase the popularity of Amomum as a healthy food choice but also to enhance its status as a staple ingredient for the foreseeable future. RESULT We endeavored to gather the latest information on antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, antiobesity, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties of plants as well as their role in neuroprotective diseases. Research conducted through in-vitro studies, animal model, and compounds analysis have revealed that both plants exhibit a diverse array health promoting properties. CONCLUSION the comprehensive review paper provides valuable insights into the diverse range of bioactive phytochemicals found in A. villosum and A. tsao-ko, showcasing their potential in preventing diseases and promoting overall human well-being. The compilation of information on their various health-enhancing properties contributes to the broader understanding of these plants and their potential applications in traditional medicine and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehrish Imran
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Li-E Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan
| | - Wei He
- Honghe Linyuan Agricultural Technology Development Limited Company, Hekou, 661300, China
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Xiaoying Pu
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Xia Li
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, 650205, China
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4
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Chun YL, Lee S, Park KH, Park C, Huh Y, Jeong NY, Jung J. Protective and therapeutic effect of (S)-ginsenoside F1 on peripheral nerve degeneration targeting Schwann cells: a pharmaco-neuroanatomical approach. Anat Sci Int 2021; 97:79-89. [PMID: 34535878 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-021-00630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Damaged peripheral nerves undergo peripheral neurodegenerative processes that are essential for the nerve regeneration. Peripheral neurodegenerative diseases, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy, are induced by irreversible nerve damage caused by abnormal peripheral nerve degeneration. However, until now, there have been no effective therapeutic treatments for these diseases. Ginsenosides are the most pharmacologically active compounds in Panax ginseng, and are being actively studied. Ginsenosides have a variety of effects, including neuroprotective, antioxidative, anti-cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the efficacy of 18 ginsenosides. We then tested the ability of the most effective ginsenoside, (S)-ginsenosides F1 (sF1), to inhibit peripheral neurodegenerative processes using mouse sciatic ex vivo culture, and several morphological and biochemical indicators. Our results suggest that sF1 could effectively protect Schwann cells against peripheral nerve degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Lim Chun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Ki-Hoon Park
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Youngbuhm Huh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Na Young Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, Korea.
| | - Junyang Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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5
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Mechanism for the formation of magnetite iron oxide nanostructures by Ficus carica dried fruit extract using green synthesis method. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Won J, Lee BH, Jung WM, Chae Y, Lee H. Herbal medicine for inflammatory bowel diseases: development of pattern identification algorithms by retrospective analysis of case series data. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Zhang Q, Wang X, Lv L, Su G, Zhao Y. Antineoplastic Activity, Structural Modification, Synthesis and Structure-activity Relationship of Dammarane-type Ginsenosides: An Overview. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190401141138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dammarane-type ginsenosides are a class of tetracyclic triterpenoids with the same dammarane skeleton. These compounds have a wide range of pharmaceutical applications for neoplasms, diabetes mellitus and other metabolic syndromes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, aging, neurodegenerative disease, bone disease, liver disease, kidney disease, gastrointestinal disease and other conditions. In order to develop new antineoplastic drugs, it is necessary to improve the bioactivity, solubility and bioavailability, and illuminate the mechanism of action of these compounds. A large number of ginsenosides and their derivatives have been separated from certain herbs or synthesized, and tested in various experiments, such as anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and cancer-involved signaling pathways. In this review, we have summarized the progress in structural modification, shed light on the structure-activity relationship (SAR), and offered insights into biosynthesis-structural association. This review is expected to provide a preliminary guide for the modification and synthesis of ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR, China
| | - Xude Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR, China
| | - Liyan Lv
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR, China
| | - Guangyue Su
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR, China
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8
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Oluwagbemi O, Jatto A. Implementation of a TCM-based computational health informatics diagnostic tool for Sub-Saharan African students. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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9
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Pérez-Cruz K, Moncada-Basualto M, Morales-Valenzuela J, Barriga-González G, Navarrete-Encina P, Núñez-Vergara L, Squella J, Olea-Azar C. Synthesis and antioxidant study of new polyphenolic hybrid-coumarins. ARAB J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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10
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Alvim DT, Ferreira AS. Inter-expert agreement and similarity analysis of traditional diagnoses and acupuncture prescriptions in textbook- and pragmatic-based practices. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2017; 30:38-43. [PMID: 29389477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined (1) the agreement of acupuncture experts with textbook prescriptions and among themselves, and (2) the association between similar traditional diagnoses and textbook acupuncture prescriptions, examining whether pragmatic practice (i.e., modifying prescriptions according to personal clinical practice) alters such an association. A computational analysis quantified the diagnosis-prescription association from a textbook. Eight acupuncture experts were independently interviewed. Experts modified the textbook prescriptions according to their pragmatic practice. Experts mostly agreed (19-90%) or strongly agreed (0-29%) with the textbook prescriptions, with no-better-than-chance agreement on their ratings (Light's κ = 0.036, CI95% = [0.003; 0.081]). The number of manifestations in traditional diagnoses weakly explains the variability (Spearman's ρ = 0.260, p = 0.038) of the number of acupoints in prescriptions. The association between similar traditional diagnoses and acupuncture prescriptions is strong in the textbook (γ = 0.720, CI95% = [0.658, 0.783]), whereas pragmatic practice had little effect on this association (γ = 0.724-0.769).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Terra Alvim
- Laboratory of Computational Simulation and Modeling in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Augusto Motta University Center, Praça das Nações 34, Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-010, Brazil
| | - Arthur Sá Ferreira
- Laboratory of Computational Simulation and Modeling in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Augusto Motta University Center, Praça das Nações 34, Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-010, Brazil.
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11
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Changes in ginsenoside patterns of red ginseng extracts according to manufacturing and storage conditions. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:1735-1741. [PMID: 30263712 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the pharmacological action of red ginseng is mostly generated by ginsenosides, contents of ginsenosides in manufactured extracts are still varying according to processing and storage conditions. Rg1, Rb1, and Rh1 levels significantly decreased overtime under pH adjustment and thermal treatment during storage, and these changes were exacerbated at lower pH and higher storage temperature. However, Rg3 level showed the opposite pattern compared to other ginsenosides. Rg3 level linearly increased at higher temperature and pH while significantly decreased at pH 2. Furthermore, Rg3 level constantly increased during storage. This is the first combined study on the effects of manufacturing and storage conditions on ginsenoside contents of red-ginseng-extract products. To minimize loss of major marker and bioactive compounds of red ginseng products during manufacturing processes and storage, it is recommended that red-ginseng-extracts be maintained at pH 6-8, sterilized at below 105 °C, and stored at below 25 °C.
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12
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Razavy S, Gadau M, Zhang SP, Wang FC, Bangrazi S, Berle C, Harahap M, Li T, Li WH, Zaslawski C. Psychophysical responses in patients receiving a mock laser within context of an acupuncture clinical trial: an interoceptive perspective. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:348. [PMID: 28673350 PMCID: PMC5496139 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The psychophysical responses induced by verum acupuncture are characterized by a constellation of unique subjective sensory responses commonly termed De Qi. Furthermore, a variety of sham interventions have been used as a control for acupuncture clinical trials. Indeed, one such control has been mock laser which has been used as control intervention in several acupuncture clinical controlled trials. The current study aim was to examine the De Qi sensory responses and its related characteristics elicited from acupuncture and compare them to those reported following sham laser in participants enrolled in a clinical trial. Methods The study was embedded in a multi-center, two-arm randomised clinical trial, which evaluated the effect of acupuncture on lateral elbow pain. De Qi was assessed using the Massachusetts General Hospital Acupuncture Sensation Scale (MASS). Ninety-six participants were randomly allocated to receive either acupuncture (n = 47) or mock laser (n = 49) at the acupoints LI 10 and LI 11. Results Participants in both intervention groups reported similar De Qi psychophysical characteristics; however, both intensity and frequency of the individually perceived De Qi characteristics were significantly higher in the acupuncture group. ‘Soreness’, ‘deep pressure’, and ‘fullness-distension’ in the acupuncture group and ‘tingling’, and ‘sharp pain’ in mock laser group, were identified as the leading characteristics. Similar level of MASS De Qi Index (MDI) scores were reported for ‘Hong Kong-China’ and ‘Australia-Italy’ with a significantly higher level of De Qi reported by ‘Hong Kong-China’. Furthermore, two distinct De Qi categories were identified, namely De Qi (in line with classical sensory responses of Suan, Ma, Zhang, and Zhong) and pain. Conclusions Subjective ‘somatic or interoceptive awareness’ should be taken into account when De Qi psychophysical responses are examined. The study accentuates the necessity and the significance of further research into interoception phenomenon which may contribute to a better understanding of the placebo effect and De Qi psychophysical responses. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry reference: ACTRN12613001138774 on 11th of October 2013.
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13
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Shi Z, Song T, Wan Y, Xie J, Yan Y, Shi K, Du Y, Shang L. A systematic review and meta-analysis of traditional insect Chinese medicines combined chemotherapy for non-surgical hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4355. [PMID: 28659623 PMCID: PMC5489479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04351-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
On the background of high morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of traditional insect Chinese medicine and related preparation for non-surgical HCC. RCTs were searched based on standardized searching rules in mainstream medical databases from the inception up to May 2016. Ultimately, a total of 57 articles with 4,651 patients enrolled in this meta-analysis. We found that traditional insect Chinese medicine and related preparation combined chemotherapy show significantly effectiveness and safety in objective response rate (P < 0.001), survival time extension [12 months (P < 0.001); 18 months (P < 0.001); 24 months (P < 0.001); 36 months (P < 0.001)], amelioration for life quality [QoL scores improvement (P < 0.001); KPS improvement (P < 0.001); AFP improvement (P < 0.001)] and reduction of therapeutic toxicity [WBC decrease (P = 0.04); gastrointestinal adverse reactions (P < 0.001)]. In conclusion, traditional insect Chinese medicine and related preparations could be recommended as auxiliary therapy combined chemotherapy for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Tiebing Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xi'an City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Department of Health Services, the Public Health Faculty of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Juan Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yiquan Yan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kekai Shi
- Department of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA15213, United States
| | - Yongping Du
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Health Statistics, the Public Health Faculty of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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14
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Moura NGR, Cordovil I, Ferreira ADS. Traditional Chinese medicine wrist pulse-taking is associated with pulse waveform analysis and hemodynamics in hypertension. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2016; 14:100-13. [PMID: 26988431 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(16)60233-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulse wave analysis (PWA) quantifies the phenomenon of pulse waveform propagation in patients with cardiovascular diseases, whereas pulse image analysis (PIA) is a subjective examination in traditional Chinese medicine. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the association of PIA with PWA and hemodynamics in patients with hypertension. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS This observational, cross-sectional study enrolled 45 patients (26 men, (55.2 ± 10.3) years, systolic blood pressure (155 ± 28) mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (93 ± 17) mmHg) for assessment of clinical and laboratorial data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcomes comprised: pattern differentiation based on an automated method; PIA at the radial artery using the 'simultaneous pressing' method for identification of factors such as strength (strong/weak), depth (superficial/deep), and speed (fast/moderate/slow); and PWA at the same artery using a noninvasive system. RESULTS Significant multivariate main effects were observed for depth (λ=0.648, F5,29 =3.149, P=0.022, η(2) =0.352), strength (λ=0.608, F5,29 =3.736, P=0.010, η(2) =0.392), and speed (λ=0.535, F5,29 =5.302, P=0.002, η(2) =0.465). General effects comprised high values of PWA and blood pressure for superficial, strong, and fast pulse images. A strong pulse was found for pulse pressure ≥ 62.5 mmHg and systolic blood pressure ≥ 149.5 mmHg, whereas a superficial pulse was found for heart rate ≥ 58.25 beats/min; a fast pulse was found for heart rate ≥ 69.6 beats/min and pulse wave velocity ≥ 9.185 m/s. CONCLUSION Associations were explained by LaPlace's law, arterial remodeling in hypertension, alongside the traditional criterion for classifying speed in pulse images. PIA is associated with PWA and hemodynamics in patients with hypertension. Systolic and pulse pressures, heart rate, and pulse wave velocity are quantitative variables that have information to describe the qualitative pulse images such as strength, depth and speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Gomes Ribeiro Moura
- Postgraduate Program of Rehabilitation Science, Augusto Motta University Center, 21041-010, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ivan Cordovil
- Division of Arterial Hypertension, National Institute of Cardiology, 22240-002, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Arthur de Sá Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program of Rehabilitation Science, Augusto Motta University Center, 21041-010, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy, Salgado de Oliveira University, 24030-060, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Current Status of Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:9123103. [PMID: 27110268 PMCID: PMC4826698 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9123103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As an important component of traditional medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is widely spread and applied in more than 100 countries across the world. The standardization of TCM is very important for the international application of Chinese medicine. In this paper, we have explained and analyzed the standardization situations of TCM in China with the purpose of providing reference for standardization and international development of TCM.
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Bunel V, Antoine MH, Nortier J, Duez P, Stévigny C. Potential nephroprotective effects of the Chinese herb Angelica sinensis against cisplatin tubulotoxicity. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:985-994. [PMID: 25495691 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.951726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often encountered in patients receiving cisplatin (CisPt), a chemotherapeutic drug that induces numerous toxic side effects. Techniques used to limit nephrotoxicity during CisPt treatment are not fully effective; about a third of patients experience AKI. New nephroprotective strategies, including pharmacological approaches, must be developed. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the nephroprotective potential of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Apiaceae) root towards CisPt tubulotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS HK-2 cells were incubated with CisPt (10 µM) and/or with a methanolic extract of A. sinensis (AS). Nephroprotective capacity was evaluated by means of cellular viability (resazurin assay) and apoptosis (annexin-V/PI staining), oxidative stress generation (H2DCF-DA oxidation), Ki-67 index (immunofluorescence), cell cycle analysis (DNA staining), cell migration rate (scratch assay), extracellular matrix deposition (collagen determination), and β-catenin relocalization. RESULTS CisPt decreased cell viability [76% versus Ctrl], which was associated with an increased apoptosis. Simultaneous treatment with 50 µg/ml AS enhanced cell survival [84% versus Ctrl] and decreased the apoptosis rate. AS could not alleviate CisPt-induced oxidative stress; but doses of 5 and 50 µg/ml raised the Ki-67 index [135 and 244% versus Ctrl] and cell migration rates [1.2 and 1.3-fold versus Ctrl]. Finally, both doses of AS limited the amount of collagen deposition [121.6 and 119.6% for 5 and 50 µg/ml, respectively, versus 131.0% for CisPt-treated cells] and prevented the relocalization of β-catenin from the membrane to the nucleus. CONCLUSION These results confirm the nephroprotective potential of A. sinensis and require further investigations aiming at identifying its active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérian Bunel
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Brussels , Belgium
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Effects of diagnostic errors in pattern differentiation and acupuncture prescription: a single-blinded, interrater agreement study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:469675. [PMID: 25945109 PMCID: PMC4405219 DOI: 10.1155/2015/469675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the interrater agreement for pattern differentiation and acupoints prescription between two groups of human patients simulated with different diagnostic outcomes. Patients were simulated using a dataset about zangfu patterns and separated into groups (n = 30 each) according to the diagnostic outcome determined by a computational model. A questionnaire with 90 patients was delivered to 6 TCM experts (4-year minimal of clinic experience) who were asked to indicate a single pattern (among 73) and 8 acupoints (among 378). Interrater agreement was higher for pattern differentiation than for acupuncture prescription. Interrater agreement on pattern differentiation was slight for both groups with correct (Light's κ = 0.167, 95% CI = [0.108; 0.254]) and incorrect diagnosis (Light's κ = 0.190, 95% CI = [0.120; 0.286]). Interrater agreement on acupuncture prescription was slight for both groups of correct (ι = 0.029, 95% CI = [0.015; 0.057]) and incorrect diagnosis (ι = 0.040, 95% CI = [0.023; 0.058], P = 0.075). Diagnostic performance of raters yielded the following: accuracy = 60.9%, sensitivity = 21.7%, and specificity = 100%. An overall improvement in the interrater agreement and diagnostic accuracy was observed when the data were analyzed using the internal systems instead of the pattern's labels.
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Ferreira ADS, Pacheco AG. SimTCM: A human patient simulator with application to diagnostic accuracy studies of Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2015; 13:9-19. [PMID: 25609367 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(15)60151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work is to develop and implement the SimTCM, an advanced computational model that incorporates relevant aspects from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory as well as advanced statistical and epidemiological techniques for simulation and analysis of human patients. METHODS SimTCM presents five major attributes for simulation: representation of true and false profiles for any single pattern; variable count of manifestations for each manifestation profile; empirical distributions of patterns and manifestations in a disease-specific population; incorporation of uncertainty in clinical data; and the combination of the four examinations. The proposed model is strengthened by following international standards for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies, and incorporates these standards in its treatment of study population, sample size calculation, data collection of manifestation profiles, exclusion criteria and missing data handling, reference standards, randomization and blinding, and test reproducibility. RESULTS Simulations using data from patients diagnosed with hypertension and post-stroke sensory-motor impairments yielded no significant differences between expected and simulated frequencies of patterns (P=0.22 or higher). Time for convergence of simulations varied from 9.90 s (9.80, 10.27) to 28.31 s (26.33, 29.52). The ratio iteration profile necessary for convergence varied between 1:1 and 5:1. CONCLUSION This model is directly connected to forthcoming models in a large project to design and implement the SuiteTCM: ProntTCM, SciTCM, DiagTCM, StudentTCM, ResearchTCM, HerbsTCM, AcuTCM, and DataTCM. It is expected that the continuity of the SuiteTCM project enhances the evidence-based practice of Chinese medicine. The software is freely available for download at: http://suitetcm.unisuam.edu.br.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur de Sá Ferreira
- Postgraduation Program in Rehabilitation Science, Augusto Motta University Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-mail:
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Chiang HC, Chang HH, Huang PY, Hsu M. On the qi deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 53:317-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Byambaragchaa M, de la Cruz J, Yang SH, Hwang SG. Anti-metastatic potential of ethanol extract of Saussurea involucrata against hepatic cancer in vitro. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:5397-402. [PMID: 24175833 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.5397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The rates of morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not lessened because of difficulty in treating tumor metastasis. Mongolian Saussurea involucrata (SIE) possesses various anticancer activities, including apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, detailed effects and molecular mechanisms of SIE on metastasis are unclear. Thus, the present study was undertaken to investigate antimetastatic effects on HCC cells as well as possible mechanisms. Effects of SIE on the growth, adhesion, migration, aggregation and invasion of the SK-Hep1 human HCC cell line were investigated. SIE inhibited cell growth of metastatic cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. Incubation of SK-Hep1 cells with 200-400 μg/mL of SIE significantly inhibited cell adhesion to gelatin-coated substrate. In the migration (wound healing) and aggregation assays, SIE treated cells showed lower levels than untreated cells. Invasion assays revealed that SIE treatment inhibited cell invasion capacity of HCC cells substantially. Quantitative real time PCR showed inhibitory effects of SIE on MMP-2/-9 and MT1-MMP mRNA levels, and stimulatory effects on TIMP-1, an inhibitor of MMPs. The present study not only demonstrated that invasion and motility of cancer cells were inhibited by SIE, but also indicated that such effects were likely associated with the decrease in MMP-2/-9 expression of SK-Hep1 cells. From these results, it was suggested that SIE could be used as potential anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkhzaya Byambaragchaa
- Division of Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Philippines E-mail :
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Hong SH, Wu F, Ding SS, Wang ZX, Chen B, Chen ZL, Guo Y. Current status of standardization of acupuncture and moxibustion in China. QJM 2014; 107:173-8. [PMID: 24300161 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the wide-spread and application of acupuncture and moxibustion, the demand of its standardization construction is increasingly prominent. On the basis of further investigation into the standards of acupuncture and moxibustion in China, this article summarize the research status of Chinese standardization of acupuncture and moxibustion, analyse some problems existing in current construction of acupuncture and moxibustion standardization, and put forward several strategies for moving forward, in order to show an overall and objective understanding of acupuncture and moxibustion standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hong
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 312, Anshan West Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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de Sá Ferreira A, Lopes AJ. Pulse waveform analysis as a bridge between pulse examination in Chinese medicine and cardiology. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:307-14. [PMID: 23546634 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulse examination was probably the earliest attempt to distinguish between health and illnesses. Starting at the pre-Hippocratic era, Chinese medicine practitioners developed techniques for pulse examination and defined pulse images based on their perceptions of pulse waveforms at the radial artery. Pulse images were described using basic variables (frequency, rhythm, wideness, length, deepness, and qualities) developed under philosophical trends such as Taoism and Confucianism. Recent advances in biomedical instrumentation applied to cardiology opened possibilities to research on pulse examination based on ancient Chinese medical theories: the pulse wave analysis. Although strongly influenced by philosophy, some characteristics used to describe a pulse image are interpretable as parameters obtained by pulse waveform analysis such as pulse wave velocity and augmentation index. Those clinical parameters reflect concepts unique to Chinese medicine - such as yinyang - while are based on wave reflection and resonance theories of fluids mechanics. Major limitations for integration of Chinese and Western pulse examination are related to quantitative description of pulse images and pattern differentiation based on pulse examination. Recent evidence suggests that wave reflection and resonance phenomena may bridge Chinese medicine and cardiology to provide a more evidence-based medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur de Sá Ferreira
- Postgraduation Program of Rehabilitation Science, Augusto Motta University Center, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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de Sá Ferreira A. Evidence-based practice of Chinese medicine in physical rehabilitation science. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:723-9. [PMID: 23504579 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chinese medicine is among other traditional medical systems practiced either as a coadjutant intervention to Greek medicine or as the unique therapeutic intervention for illness prevention, treatment or rehabilitation. The complete spectrum from that traditional system includes acupuncture and moxibustion, herbal and food therapy, massage therapy (tuina), physical exercises (taijiquan), and breathing exercises (qigong). In this article, it is presented several randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews on the application of all therapeutic modalities from Chinese medicine in the physical rehabilitation scenario. The discussed studies encompasses both "positive" and "negative" results of Chinese medicine intervention for disabilities due to illnesses of the nervous, musculoskeletal or cardiovascular systems. Additionally, the importance of the personalized approach for Chinese medicine and rehabilitation is emphasized together with the need for reproducible methods for pattern differentiation and intervention selection. Chinese medicine resources are recognized as promising methods for therapeutic rehabilitation and can be incorporated into the rehabilitation science. The wide variety of therapeutic resources explains why Chinese medicine is currently a multidisciplinary practice for health protection and promotion, early diagnosis and treatment as well as rehabilitation with roles in the public health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur de Sá Ferreira
- Laboratory of Computational Simulation and Modeling in Rehabilitation, Program of Rehabilitation Science, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, 21041-021,
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Fragoso APDS, Ferreira ADS. Evaluation of the immediate effects of manual acupuncture on brachial bicep muscle function in healthy individuals and post stroke patients: a study protocol of a parallel-group randomized clinical trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 10:303-9. [PMID: 22409920 DOI: 10.3736/jcim20120309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a morbid entity in Chinese medicine recognized for over 2 000 years with sensory-motor impairments reported by several classical authors. However, the majority of controlled clinical trials of acupuncture in the treatment of post stroke recovery failed to obtain significant long-term results on functional recovery. Moreover, contradictory results have been obtained regarding the immediate effects of acupuncture stimulation on the electrical activity of human skeletal muscles as observed using surface electromyography. These results raise the question of whether acupuncture has any effect on the neuromuscular level. This study aims to evaluate the immediate effects of manual acupoint stimulation on the electrical activity and strength of the biceps brachii of healthy individuals and patients with chronic hypertonic hemiparesis. METHODS AND DESIGN The study proposes a single-blinded randomized clinical trial with four parallel groups. Healthy subjects and post stroke patients with chronic spastic hemiparesis will be submitted to a single acupuncture intervention puncturing either Quchi (LI11) or Tianquan (PC2). The immediate effects on muscle function will be assessed by surface electromyography and isometric force of the biceps brachii muscle as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes comprise the frequency of patterns in each group, as well as the frequency distribution of manifestations. DISCUSSION The proposed study design includes some improvements on common methodological issues on clinical trials with an integrative design. This study design is expected to provide new insights on the neuromuscular effects of acupuncture stimulation in healthy subjects and post stroke patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br) in English and Portuguese in October 2011. REGISTRATION NUMBER RBR-5g7xqh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula de Sousa Fragoso
- Laboratory of Human Movement Analysis, Post-graduation Program of Rehabilitation Science, Augusto Motta University Center, Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hua WJ, Fang HJ, Hua WX. Transepithelial transport of rosuvastatin and effect of ursolic acid on its transport in Caco-2 monolayers. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2012; 37:225-31. [PMID: 22562361 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-012-0094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine transepithelial transport characteristics of rosuvastatin and effect of ursolic acid (P-gp potential inhibitor) and ko143 (ABC transporters selective inhibitor) on its transport in Caco-2 monolayers. A reliable Caco-2 cell monolayers model was established. The TEER value was used to inspect integrity of cell model. Apparent permeability coefficients (Papp(BL-AP) and Papp(AP-BL)) were used to analyze transepithelial transport of rosuvastatin. Uptake of rosuvastatin was time- and concentration-dependent in Caco-2 cell. The ko143 but not ursolic acid had effect on the uptake of rosuvastatin in Caco-2 cell monolayer model and affected apparent permeability coefficient and apparent permeability of rosuvastatin. Active transport and passive diffusion absorption existed in transepithelial transport of rosuvastatin in Caco-2 cell model. Ursolic acid had no effect on transport of rosuvastatin in Caco-2 cell monolayer. The result indicated that ursolic acid may not cause effect on intestinal absorption of rosuvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jin Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
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Byun MW. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Austroinulin from Stevia rebaudiana in LPS-induced RAW264.7 Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.4.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Fragoso APS, Ferreira AS. Immediate effects of acupuncture on biceps brachii muscle function in healthy and post-stroke subjects. Chin Med 2012; 7:7. [PMID: 22417176 PMCID: PMC3361469 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-7-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of acupuncture on muscle function in healthy subjects are contradictory and cannot be extrapolated to post-stroke patients. This study evaluated the immediate effects of manual acupuncture on myoelectric activity and isometric force in healthy and post-stroke patients. Methods A randomized clinical trial, with parallel groups, single-blinded study design, was conducted with 32 healthy subjects and 15 post-stroke patients with chronic hemiparesis. Surface electromyography from biceps brachii during maximal isometric voluntary tests was performed before and after 20-min intermittent, and manual stimulation of acupoints Quchi (LI11) or Tianquan (PC2). Pattern differentiation was performed by an automated method based on logistic regression equations. Results Healthy subjects showed a decrease in the root mean-squared (RMS) values after the stimulation of LI11 (pre: 1.392 ± 0.826 V; post: 0.612 ± 0.0.320 V; P = 0.002) and PC2 (pre: 1.494 ± 0.826 V; post: 0.623 ± 0.320 V; P = 0.001). Elbow flexion maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) was not significantly different after acupuncture stimulation of LI11 (pre: 22.2 ± 10.7 kg; post: 21.7 ± 9.5 kg; P = 0.288) or PC2 (pre: 18.8 ± 4.6 kg; post: 18.7 ± 6.0 kg; P = 0.468). Post-stroke patients did not exhibit any significant decrease in the RMS values after the stimulation of LI11 (pre: 0.627 ± 0.335 V; post: 0.530 ± 0.272 V; P = 0.187) and PC2 (pre: 0.601 ± 0.258 V; post: 0.591 ± 0.326 V; P = 0.398). Also, no significant decrease in the MIVC value was observed after the stimulation of LI11 (pre: 9.6 ± 3.9 kg; post: 9.6 ± 4.7 kg; P = 0.499) or PC2 (pre: 10.7 ± 5.6 kg; post: 10.2 ± 5.3 kg; P = 0.251). Different frequency of patterns was observed among healthy subjects and post-stroke patients groups (χ2 = 9.759; P = 0.021). Conclusion Manual acupuncture provides sufficient neuromuscular stimuli to promote immediate changes in motor unit gross recruitment without repercussion in maximal force output in healthy subjects. Post-stroke patients did not exhibit significant reduction on the myoelectric activity and maximal force output after manual acupuncture and needs further evaluation with a larger sample. Trial registration Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry RBR-5g7xqh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula S Fragoso
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis, Post-graduation Program of Rehabilitation Science, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Chinese medicine pattern differentiation and its implications for clinical practice. Chin J Integr Med 2011; 17:818-23. [PMID: 22057410 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-011-0892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chinese medicine practitioners apply the differentiation reasoning for decision-making. The wide scope of Chinese medicine intervention provides coverage of methods and techniques with applications to primary, secondary and tertiary levels of prevention. The rapid evolution of mathematical and computational techniques allowed the implementation of several models for pattern differentiation that were tested for several physiologic systems. Concurrently, it is argued that pattern differentiation might improve the efficacy of either traditional or conventional medical interventions. This article reviewed the influence of pattern differentiation into clinical practice organized by medical field: general pattern differentiation; genitourinary (recurrent cystitis); cardiovascular (coronary heart disease; arterial hypertension; angina pectoris); neurology (stroke); surgery; metabolic (diabetes mellitus); hepatic (cirrhosis); gastrointestinal (chronic superficial gastritis); orthopedic (low back pain; rheumatoid arthritis; cervical spondylosis; elbow arthritis); oncology (gastric mucosal dysplasia; lung cancer); gynecologic and obstetric manifestations (nausea and vomiting). The reviewed studies presented achievements that have contributed to the integration of Chinese medicine and evidence-based medicine in the treatment of many mild and severe diseases. Target diseases considered as major public health problems were also investigated and the results are promising regarding the possibility to treat guided by pattern differentiation.
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Leem HH, Kim EO, Seo MJ, Choi SW. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Eugenol and Its Derivatives from Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.10.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zangfu zheng (patterns) are associated with clinical manifestations of zang shang (target-organ damage) in arterial hypertension. Chin Med 2011; 6:23. [PMID: 21682890 PMCID: PMC3155491 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-6-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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