1
|
James LM, Georgopoulos AP. Breast cancer, viruses, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Sci Rep 2024; 14:16179. [PMID: 39003313 PMCID: PMC11246526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Several viruses have been implicated in breast cancer, including human herpes virus 4 (HHV4), human herpes virus 5 (HHV5), human papilloma virus (HPV), human JC polyoma virus (JCV), human endogenous retrovirus group K (HERVK), bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is involved in virus elimination and has been shown to influence breast cancer protection/susceptibility. Here we investigated the hypothesis that the contribution of a virus to development of breast cancer would depend on the presence of the virus, which, in turn, would be inversely related to the success of its elimination. For that purpose, we estimated in silico predicted binding affinities (PBA) of proteins of the 7 viruses above to 127 common HLA alleles (69 Class I [HLA-I] and 58 Class II HLA-II]) and investigated the association of these binding affinities to the breast cancer-HLA (BC-HLA) immunogenetic profile of the same alleles. Using hierarchical tree clustering, we found that, for HLA-I, viruses BLV, JCV and MMTV were grouped with the BC-HLA, whereas, for HLA-II, viruses BLV, HERVK, HPV, JCV, and MMTV were grouped with BC-HLA. Finally, for both HLA classes, the average PBAs of the viruses grouped with the BC-HLA profile were significantly lower than those of the other, non BC-HLA associated viruses. Assuming that low PBAs are likely associated with slower viral elimination, these findings support the hypothesis that a defective/slower elimination and, hence, longer persistence and inefficient/delayed production of antibodies against them underlies the observed association of the low-PBA group with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M James
- The HLA Research Group, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Brain Sciences Center, Minneapolis VAMC, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Apostolos P Georgopoulos
- The HLA Research Group, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Brain Sciences Center, Minneapolis VAMC, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karachalios C, Petousis S, Margioula-Siarkou C, Dinas K. Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:75. [PMID: 38192655 PMCID: PMC10773228 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading malignancy worldwide. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and BC is debatable. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of HPV DNA in malignant breast tumors. An extensive search of the PubMed and SCOPUS databases was carried out for case-control studies published between January 1, 2003 and January 7, 2023, which compared HPV DNA detection in breast tissue specimens of female patients with BC and women with absent or benign breast disorders. Once the initial title/abstract screening was completed by two independent investigators, the full texts of the included studies from that stage were reviewed by the aforementioned investigators to determine if they should be included in the present study. Data extraction was independently conducted by two investigators. A third investigator was consulted to resolve disagreements through free discussion. MedCalc was used for quantitative synthesis. The significance of association was estimated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated using the random-effects model. A total of 23 primary studies, including 3,243 subjects (2,027 patients and 1,216 controls), were eligible for quantitative analysis. HPV prevalence in patients with BC and controls was 21.95 and 8.96%, respectively. The prevalence of HPV differed significantly between the two groups (OR 3.83; 95% CI 2.03-7.25; P<0.01). Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using the I2 index which was 69.57% (95% CI 51.89-80.75). The risk of bias was assessed using an appropriate tool contributed by the CLARITY Group at McMaster University. Seven studies had a low risk of bias, 15 studies had a moderate risk of bias and only one study had a serious risk of bias. These results reinforce the hypothesis that HPV is involved in BC development and progression, indicating a possible role of HPV vaccination in BC prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Karachalios
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
| | - Stamatios Petousis
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
| | - Chrysoula Margioula-Siarkou
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dinas
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baysal Ö, Genç D, Silme RS, Kırboğa KK, Çoban D, Ghafoor NA, Tekin L, Bulut O. Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning and Cellular Assays for Promising Results. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:334-347. [PMID: 38305389 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206270568231129054853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a common cancer with high mortality rates. Early diagnosis is crucial for reducing the prognosis and mortality rates. Therefore, the development of alternative treatment options is necessary. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (D-GlcNAc) on breast cancer using a machine learning method. The findings were further confirmed through assays on breast cancer cell lines. METHODS MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines (ATCC) were cultured in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of D-GlcNAc (0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, and 4 mM) for 72 hours. A xenograft mouse model for breast cancer was established by injecting 4T1 cells into mammary glands. D-GlcNAc (2 mM) was administered intraperitoneally to mice daily for 28 days, and histopathological effects were evaluated at pre-tumoral and post-tumoral stages. RESULTS Treatment with 2 mM and 4 mM D-GlcNAc significantly decreased cell proliferation rates in MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines and increased Fas expression. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher than untreated cell cultures (p < 0.01 - p < 0.0001). D-GlcNAc administration also considerably reduced tumour size, mitosis, and angiogenesis in the post-treatment group compared to the control breast cancer group (p < 0.01 - p < 0.0001). Additionally, molecular docking/dynamic analysis revealed a high binding affinity of D-GlcNAc to the marker protein HER2, which is involved in tumour progression and cell signalling. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the positive effect of D-GlcNAc administration on breast cancer cells, leading to increased apoptosis and Fas expression in the malignant phenotype. The binding affinity of D-GlcNAc to HER2 suggests a potential mechanism of action. These findings contribute to understanding D-GlcNAc as a potential anti-tumour agent for breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ömür Baysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Molecular Microbiology Unit, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli-Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Deniz Genç
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli-Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Ragıp Soner Silme
- Center for Research and Practice in Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Kevser Kübra Kırboğa
- Department of Bioengineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, 11230, Bilecik, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Çoban
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Molecular Microbiology Unit, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli-Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Naeem Abdul Ghafoor
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli-Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Leyla Tekin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli-Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Osman Bulut
- Milas Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Milas, Muğla, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Periferakis AT, Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Badarau IA, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Scheau C, Caruntu C. Antimicrobial Properties of Capsaicin: Available Data and Future Research Perspectives. Nutrients 2023; 15:4097. [PMID: 37836381 PMCID: PMC10574431 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is a phytochemical derived from plants of the genus Capsicum and subject of intensive phytochemical research due to its numerous physiological and therapeutical effects, including its important antimicrobial properties. Depending on the concentration and the strain of the bacterium, capsaicin can exert either bacteriostatic or even bactericidal effects against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, while in certain cases it can reduce their pathogenicity by a variety of mechanisms such as mitigating the release of toxins or inhibiting biofilm formation. Likewise, capsaicin has been shown to be effective against fungal pathogens, particularly Candida spp., where it once again interferes with biofilm formation. The parasites Toxoplasma gondi and Trypanosoma cruzi have been found to be susceptible to the action of this compound too while there are also viruses whose invasiveness is significantly dampened by it. Among the most encouraging findings are the prospects for future development, especially using new formulations and drug delivery mechanisms. Finally, the influence of capsaicin in somatostatin and substance P secretion and action, offers an interesting array of possibilities given that these physiologically secreted compounds modulate inflammation and immune response to a significant extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Awan UA, Khattak AA, Ahmed N, Guo X, Akhtar S, Kamran S, Yongjing Z, Liu J, Khan S. An updated systemic review and meta-analysis on human papillomavirus in breast carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1219161. [PMID: 37711194 PMCID: PMC10498127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1219161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast Cancer (BC) stands out as the widely prevalent malignancy among all the types of cancer affecting women worldwide. There is significant evidence that the pathogenicity of BC may be altered by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection; however, conclusive data are not yet available. Methods By searching five databases, including EMBASE, IBECS, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, a thorough systematic analysis was conducted on the prevalence of HPV in BC patients from 1990 to June 30, 2022. After applying extensive eligibility criteria, we selected 74 publications for further analysis based on the prevalence of HPV infections in breast tissues. All of the data were analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis, Cochran Q test and I2 statistic were used to calculate the heterogeneity of the prevalence among these studies using subgroup analysis. Variations in the HPV prevalence estimates in different subgroups were evaluated by subgroup meta-analysis. Results In total, 3156 studies were initially screened, resulting in 93 full-text studies reviewed, with 74 meeting inclusion criteria. Among a total of 7156 BC biopsies, the pool prevalence of HPV was 25.6% (95% CI= 0.24-0.33, τ2 = 0.0369 with significant heterogeneity between estimates (I 2 = 97% and p< 0.01). Consequently, 45 studies with available controls were further studied, and the prevalence of HPV in case-control studies was 26.2% with overall odds 5.55 (95% CI= 3.67-8.41, I 2 = 38%, τ2 = 1.4878, p< 0.01). Further subgroup analysis of HPV revealed HPV-16 had a maximum prevalence of 9.6% (95% CI= 3.06-11.86, I 2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.6111, p< 0.01). Among different geographical regions, Europe reported the maximum prevalence of HPV, i.e., 39.2% (95% CI=1.29-7.91, I 2 = 18%, τ2 = 1.2911, p< 0.01). Overall distribution showed HPV-18 was a frequent HPV subtype reported in Australia. Conclusion Current study provides a global estimate of HPV prevalence in BC patients and demonstrates a significant association between this virus and BC etiology. Nevertheless, we recommend further investigation into the underlying mechanism is essential to validate this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ayub Awan
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Khattak
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Noman Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sohail Akhtar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shehrish Kamran
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center (SKMCH&RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zhao Yongjing
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suliman Khan
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lekshmy M, Dhanya CR, Smrithi JS, Sindhurani JA, Vandanamthadathil JJ, Veettil JT, Anila L, Lathakumari VS, Nayar AM, Madhavan M. Peptide Vaccines as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Agents for Female-Specific Cancers: The Current Landscape. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1054. [PMID: 37513965 PMCID: PMC10383774 DOI: 10.3390/ph16071054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast and gynecologic cancers are significant global threats to women's health and those living with the disease require lifelong physical, financial, and social support from their families, healthcare providers, and society as a whole. Cancer vaccines offer a promising means of inducing long-lasting immune response against the disease. Among various types of cancer vaccines available, peptide vaccines offer an effective strategy to elicit specific anti-tumor immune responses. Peptide vaccines have been developed based on tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and tumor specific neoantigens which can also be of viral origin. Molecular alterations in HER2 and non-HER2 genes are established to be involved in the pathogenesis of female-specific cancers and hence were exploited for the development of peptide vaccines against these diseases, most of which are in the latter stages of clinical trials. However, prophylactic vaccines for viral induced cancers, especially those against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection are well established. This review discusses therapeutic and prophylactic approaches for various types of female-specific cancers such as breast cancer and gynecologic cancers with special emphasis on peptide vaccines. We also present a pipeline for the design and evaluation of a multiepitope peptide vaccine that can be active against female-specific cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manju Lekshmy
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, Thumba, Thiruvananthapuram 695586, Kerala, India;
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Leelamma Anila
- Department of Biochemistry, NSS College, Nilamel, Kollam 691535, Kerala, India;
| | - Vishnu Sasidharan Lathakumari
- Department of Biochemistry and Industrial Microbiology, Sree Narayana College for Women, Kollam 691001, Kerala, India;
| | - Adhira M. Nayar
- Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram 695004, Kerala, India;
| | - Maya Madhavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mekrazi S, Kallel I, Jamai D, Yengui M, Khabir A, Gdoura R. Epstein-Barr virus in breast carcinoma and in triple negative cases impact on clinical outcomes. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154484. [PMID: 37116366 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of viral infection in tumors pathogenesis has currently attracted attention. Epstein-Barr virus is an infectious agent involved in numerous human malignancies, including breast cancer. Although, their prognostic impact in breast tumor is rarely investigated. Therefore, we sought in our study to evaluate the prevalence of EBV in Tunisian breast carcinoma and to examine their potential association with clinicopathological features and overall survival. METHODS Our retrospective study included 100 formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples from Tunisian breast carcinoma. EBV infection was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis, using monoclonal antibody against latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) and polymerase chain reaction. A subset of PCR positive specimens was subjected to in situ hybridization for the detection of EBER expression. Biomarker's expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry method. Statistical analysis was also explored. RESULTS The expression status of ER, PR and HER2 was 81%, 71.4% and 33.7% respectively. The triple negative profile was present in 10.84% of cases. LMP-1 expression was negative in all breast cancer specimens. PCR assay showed that 44% of patients were positive for EBV genome. None of the 15 PCR positive cases showed positive results for EBV by ISH. According to the molecular phenotype, there was a statistically significant difference in EBV DNA prevalence between breast cancer subgroups including TN (67%), Lum B (64%), HER2 + (50%) and Lum A (30%). Bivariate analysis showed that EBV DNA was significantly associated with HER2 + (p = 0.035), tumor size (p = 0.018) and high SBR grade (p = 0.009). Multiple logistic regression analysis confirms the positive correlation of EBV with tumor size (p = 0.048) and SBR grade (p = 0.042). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with EBV+ had significantly shorter overall survival than those with EBV- (p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated the presence of EBV DNA in Tunisian breast carcinoma. EBV DNA was associated with aggressive features and poor overall survival. Further investigations will be required in large samples size to clarify the potential role of EBV in breast tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saoussen Mekrazi
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology-Microbiology and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Kallel
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology-Microbiology and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Dhouha Jamai
- Research Laboratory of Bioresources, Integrative Biology and Valorization LR14ES06, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Yengui
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology-Microbiology and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelmajid Khabir
- Department of Anatomopathology and Cytology - Habib BOURGUIBA Hospital, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Radhouane Gdoura
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology-Microbiology and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Touma J, Pantalone MR, Rahbar A, Liu Y, Vetvik K, Sauer T, Söderberg-Naucler C, Geisler J. Human Cytomegalovirus Protein Expression Is Correlated with Shorter Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients: A Cohort Study. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030732. [PMID: 36992442 PMCID: PMC10054688 DOI: 10.3390/v15030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is increasingly suggested to be involved in human carcinogenesis and onco-modulation due to its ability to contribute to all hallmarks of cancer. Growing evidence demonstrates a link between HCMV infection and various malignancies, including breast cancer, which incidence and mortality are still on the rise. The etiology of breast cancer remains mostly unclear, leaving 80% of breast cancer cases considered to be sporadic. Identifying novel risk- and prognostic factors for improved breast cancer treatment and increased survival rates, were the objectives of this study. Methods: Automated immunohistochemical staining results for HCMV proteins in 109 breast tumors and lymph node metastasis were correlated with clinical follow-up data (>10 years). Statistical analyses for median Overall Survival (OS) were performed. Results: Survival analyses revealed shorter median OS for patients with HCMV-IE positive tumors of 118.4 months compared to 202.4 months for HCMV-IE negative tumors. A higher number of HCMV-LA positive cells in the tumors was also associated with a shorter OS in patients (146.2 months vs. 151.5 months). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a link between HCMV-infections and breast cancer prognosis, which paves the way for potential novel clinical intervention and targeted therapy that may prolong the overall survival of selected patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Touma
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Campus Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
| | - Mattia Russel Pantalone
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Afsar Rahbar
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
| | - Katja Vetvik
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Campus Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
| | - Torill Sauer
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Campus Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
| | - Cecilia Söderberg-Naucler
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Biomedicine, Unit for Infection and Immunology, MediCity Research Laboratory, Turku University, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: (C.S.-N.); (J.G.); Tel.: +46-8-5177-9816 (C.S.-N.); +47-9118-7447 (J.G.)
| | - Jürgen Geisler
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Campus Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital (AHUS), 1478 Nordbyhagen, Norway
- Correspondence: (C.S.-N.); (J.G.); Tel.: +46-8-5177-9816 (C.S.-N.); +47-9118-7447 (J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Combined Evaluation of HSV Genome and Antibodies in Breast Cancer. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid-116780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer develops due to the combination of external and internal risk factors. Also, the role of viruses is considerable in developing breast cancer. Objectives: This study compared the frequency of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and the level of IgM and IgG antibodies against HSV between cancer patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Sixty women with breast cancer and 60 healthy women (40 with fibroadenoma and 20 in good health) were selected. Breast tissue and serum samples were taken from all the subjects to evaluate the HSV-1 and HSV-2 genome frequency using real-time PCR. Also, serum levels of IgM HSV and IgG HSV antibodies were assessed using the ELISA technique. Results: The HSV-1 genome was detected in six cancer specimens and in two fibroadenoma specimens (P = 0.143, OR: 3.22, CI95%: 0.623 - 16.66). Three cancer cases and one fibroadenoma case were positive for HSV-2 (P = 0.309, OR: 3.105, CI95%: 0.314 - 30.73). HSV IgM antibody was positive in three subjects in the control group and six in the case group (P = 0.298, OR: 2.11, CI95%: 0.503 - 8.87). Although the higher mean levels of antibodies were found in the case group (4.01 ± 5.91 U/mL) compared to the control group (2.95 ± 3.51 U/mL), there was no statistically significant difference between them (P = 0.179). The serum of all samples was positive for the HSV IgG antibody, and there was a statistically significant difference in its mean levels between the case (91.22 ± 13.58 U/mL) and control (81.58 ± 17.02 U/mL) groups (P = 0.008). Conclusions: The present study showed that HSV-1 and HSV-2 were not directly related to breast tissue carcinogenesis and may act as co-factors.
Collapse
|
10
|
Shokouh MR, Azhdari F, Pirouzi A, Mohsenzadeh M. Association between the Presence of CMV, BKV and JC Virus and Ovarian Cancer in Fars Province, Southwestern Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.30699/ijmm.16.6.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
11
|
Ghosh A, Gopinath SC, Firdous SM, Ramanathan S. Early detection of viral DNA in breast cancer using fingered aluminium interdigitated electrode modified by Streptavidin-biotin tetravalent complex. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Graisa A, Zainulabdeen K, Salman I, Al-Ani A, Mohammed R, Hairunisa N, Mohammed S, Yousif E. Toxicity and anti-tumour activity of organotin (IV) compounds. BAGHDAD JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.47419/bjbabs.v3i02.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organotins are widely described as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, and antimicrobial agents. In addition to their use in biomedical fields, organotins are also used in agricultural and industrial applications. These materials are more toxic than inorganic cans, which are poorly absorbed and are excreted on the surface of the can, and cause toxicity to a variety of organisms and damage the environment.This review focuses on organotin’s toxicity and uses in biomedical fields.
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin FW, Yeh MH, Lin CL, Wei JCC. Association between Breast Cancer and Second Primary Lung Cancer among the Female Population in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122977. [PMID: 35740640 PMCID: PMC9221143 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A special association between breast cancer and second primary lung cancer in Taiwanese women has been discovered not only in clinical practice, but also in a large population-based study. We hereby investigate the association between breast cancer and second primary lung cancer in Taiwanese women. METHODS This study was conducted from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI). Patients older than 18 years old and hospitalized with a first diagnosis of breast cancer during 2000 to 2012 were enrolled in the breast cancer group. Patients who were cancer free were frequency-matched with the breast cancer group by age (every five-year span) and index year. The ratio of breast cancer group to non-breast cancer group was 1:4. The event as the outcome in this study was lung cancer. The comorbidities viewed as important confounding factors included coronary artery disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hyperlipidemia, tuberculosis, chronic kidney disease, and chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. We estimated the hazard ratios (HRs), adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of lung cancer in the breast cancer group and non-breast cancer group using Cox proportional hazard models. Sensitivity analysis was also done using propensity score matching. All of the statistical analyses were performed using SAS statistical software, version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). RESULTS There were 94,451 breast cancer patients in the breast cancer group and 377,804 patients in the non-breast cancer group in this study. After being stratified by age, urbanization level, and comorbidities, the patients with breast cancer had a significantly higher risk of lung cancer compared with the patients without breast cancer, particularly for those who aged between 20 and 49 years (aHR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.71-2.58), 50 and 64 years (aHR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.15-1.58), and those without any comorbidities (aHR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.64-2.23). CONCLUSION Patients with breast cancer had a significantly higher risk of developing second primary lung cancer compared with patients without breast cancer, particularly in younger groups and in those without any comorbidities. The special association may be attributed to some potential risk factors such as genetic susceptibility and long-term exposure to PM2.5, and is supposed to increase public awareness. Further studies are necessary given the fact that inherited genotypes, different subtypes of breast cancer and lung cancer, and other unrecognized etiologies may play vital roles in both cancers' development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Wen Lin
- Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Hsin Yeh
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Haidar Ahmad S, Pasquereau S, El Baba R, Nehme Z, Lewandowski C, Herbein G. Distinct Oncogenic Transcriptomes in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Infected With Cytomegalovirus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:772160. [PMID: 35003089 PMCID: PMC8727587 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus is being recognized as a potential oncovirus beside its oncomodulation role. We previously isolated two clinical isolates, HCMV-DB (KT959235) and HCMV-BL (MW980585), which in primary human mammary epithelial cells promoted oncogenic molecular pathways, established anchorage-independent growth in vitro, and produced tumorigenicity in mice models, therefore named high-risk oncogenic strains. In contrast, other clinical HCMV strains such as HCMV-FS, KM, and SC did not trigger such traits, therefore named low-risk oncogenic strains. In this study, we compared high-risk oncogenic HCMV-DB and BL strains (high-risk) with low-risk oncogenic strains HCMV-FS, KM, and SC (low-risk) additionally to the prototypic HCMV-TB40/E, knowing that all strains infect HMECs in vitro. Numerous pro-oncogenic features including enhanced expression of oncogenes, cell survival, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes were observed with HCMV-BL. In vitro, mammosphere formation was observed only in high-risk strains. HCMV-TB40/E showed an intermediate transcriptome landscape with limited mammosphere formation. Since we observed that Ki67 gene expression allows us to discriminate between high and low-risk HCMV strains in vitro, we further tested its expression in vivo. Among HCMV-positive breast cancer biopsies, we only detected high expression of the Ki67 gene in basal tumors which may correspond to the presence of high-risk HCMV strains within tumors. Altogether, the transcriptome of HMECs infected with HCMV clinical isolates displays an “oncogenic gradient” where high-risk strains specifically induce a prooncogenic environment which might participate in breast cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Haidar Ahmad
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France
| | - Sébastien Pasquereau
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France
| | - Ranim El Baba
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France
| | - Zeina Nehme
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France
| | - Clara Lewandowski
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France
| | - Georges Herbein
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France.,Department of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Besançon, Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Menati Rashno M, Mehraban H, Naji B, Radmehr M. Microbiome in human cancers. Access Microbiol 2021; 3:000247. [PMID: 34888478 PMCID: PMC8650843 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A microbiome is defined as the aggregate of all microbiota that reside in human digestive system and other tissues. This microbiota includes viruses, bacteria, fungi that live in various human organs and tissues like stomach, guts, oesophagus, mouth cavity, urinary tract, vagina, lungs, and skin. Almost 20 % of malignant cancers worldwide are related to microbial infections including bacteria, parasites, and viruses. The human body is constantly being attacked by microbes during its lifetime and microbial pathogens that have tumorigenic effects in 15-20 % of reported cancer cases. Recent scientific advances and the discovery of the effect of microbes on cancer as a pathogen or as a drug have significantly contributed to our understanding of the complex relationship between microbiome and cancer. The aim of this study is to overview some microbiomes that reside in the human body and their roles in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamed Mehraban
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Naji
- Department of Microbiology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Radmehr
- Department of Microbiology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Charostad J, Nakhaei M, Azaran A, Kaydani GA, Astani A, Motamedfar A, Makvandi M. MiRNA-218 Is Frequently Downregulated in Malignant Breast Tumors: A Footprint of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 16:376-385. [PMID: 34567186 PMCID: PMC8463758 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.20201.521107.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE The role of Epstein-Barr Virus in development of breast cancer is frequently studied. In this regard, miRNAs are among the contributing elements in the molecular pathophysiology of EBV-related diseases. In addition, a growing number of host miRNAs are believed to be implicated in pathogenesis of breast cancer. MiR-218 is a tumor suppressive miRNA that is subjected to dysregulation in various EBV-associated cancers. We aimed to investigate the frequency of EBV and its relationship with expression status of tumor suppressive miR-218 in breast cancer and adjacent normal tissue. METHODS A total number of 51 fresh malignant breast cancer tissues (cases) and their adjacent normal tissues (controls) were collected. Nested-PCR and RT-qPCR were set to identify EBV frequency and miR-218 expression in cases and controls, respectively. RESULTS Out of all samples, 6.8% (7/102) comprising 11.6% (6/51) in malignant tissues and 1.9% (1/51) in normal control tissues were positive for EBV (P<0.05). Quantitative data showed that miR-218 was significantly downregulated in malignant tissues compared to control tissues (P<0.0001). In addition, reduced expression of miR-218 was associated with adverse clinical outcomes, metastasis, and higher grades of malignancy. Given the presence of EBV, lower expression of miR-218 was observed in breast cancer group in comparison with normal group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Our results raise the possibility of the relation between EBV infection and miR-218 downregulation in breast cancer and propose further investigations in this regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Charostad
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nakhaei
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Azarakhsh Azaran
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholam Abbas Kaydani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Astani
- Department of Microbiology, Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azim Motamedfar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Makvandi
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Metwally SA, Abo-Shadi MA, Abdel Fattah NF, Barakat AB, Rabee OA, Osman AM, Helal AM, Hashem T, Moneer MM, Chehadeh W, Loutfy SA. Presence of HPV, EBV and HMTV Viruses Among Egyptian Breast Cancer Women: Molecular Detection and Clinical Relevance. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2327-2339. [PMID: 34188499 PMCID: PMC8236253 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s313219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oncogenic viruses, their possible association with breast cancer (BC) and effect on its clinical course are interesting issue. The present study evaluates the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV), EpsteinBarr virus (EBV), and human mammary tumor virus (HMTV) in BC and their relation with clinico-pathological characteristics. Patients and Methods This study was conducted on 80 Egyptian women with BC and 30 control women without known oncological disease. Forty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, forty fresh tissue samples, and white blood cells (WBCs) of BC patients and WBCs of controls were subjected to a qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure viral loads in fresh tissues of BC. The result was correlated with clinico-pathological characteristics of BC. Results HPV was detected in 33 (41.25%), EBV in 30 (37.5%) and HMTV in 33 (41.25%) BC patients. None of the control women was positive for HPV or EBV while HMTV was detected in 7 (23.3%). Among 40 BC WBCs specimens, HPV/HMTV were found together in 25%, followed by EBV/HMTV in 2.5% and EBV/HPV in 2.5%. However, the three viruses (HPV/EBV/HMTV) were found together in only 5%. In the 40 fresh BC tissues, the three viruses were found together in 12 (30%), EBV/HMTV in 7 (17.5%), HPV/HMTV in 4 (10%), and HPV/EBV in 4 (10%). EBV, HMTV, or multiple viral infections were associated with younger age of BC women. HPV, EBV, and HMTV median loads in fresh tissues were 4.8×103 copies/μL, 6.3×103 copies/μL, and 97 copies/μL, respectively. Conclusion WBCs could be a more suitable specimen instead of fresh tissue for HMTV detection in BC patients to avoid invasive procedures. The presence of HPV, EBV, and HMTV together in Egyptian women with BC was significantly associated with younger age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Metwally
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha A Abo-Shadi
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasra F Abdel Fattah
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B Barakat
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar A Rabee
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Osman
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Helal
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek Hashem
- Surgical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manar M Moneer
- Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wassim Chehadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Samah A Loutfy
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Nanotechnology Research Center, British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Productive Infection of Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines with Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10060641. [PMID: 34070980 PMCID: PMC8224681 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. There are many known risk factors for breast cancer, but the role of infectious disease remains unclear. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread herpesvirus that usually causes little disease. Because HCMV has been detected in breast tumor biopsy samples and is frequently transmitted via human breast milk, we investigated HCMV replication in breast tumor cells. Four human breast cancer cell lines with different expression profiles for the key diagnostic markers of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), were infected with a bacterial artificial chromosome-derived HCMV clinical strain TB40/E tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Fluorescence microscopy confirmed that all four breast cancer cell lines supported virus entry. RNA was isolated from infected cells and the expression of immediate early (UL123), early (UL54), and late (UL111A) genes was confirmed using PCR. Viral proteins were detected by immunoblotting, and viral progeny were produced during the infection of breast tumor cells, as evidenced by subsequent infection of fibroblasts with culture supernatants. These results demonstrate that breast tumor cells support productive HCMV infection and could indicate that HCMV replication may play a role in breast cancer progression.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ghaffari H, Tavakoli A, Nafissi N, Farahmand M, Ghorbani S, Moochani SS, Hashemi-Bahremani M, Alebouyeh MR, Monavari SH. Human cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections in breast cancer: A molecular study on Iranian women. Breast Dis 2021; 40:227-233. [PMID: 33935050 DOI: 10.3233/bd-201019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections in breast cancer pathology is not well understood. Our study aimed to investigate the association of HCMV and EBV infections with breast cancer and distinguish the types of positive EBV and LMP-1 samples in Iranian patients. METHODS Seventy-two formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissues were analyzed between December 2014 and April 2016. Samples were analyzed for HCMV and EBV using nested-PCR and conventional PCR assays, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 18. RESULTS Overall, HCMV and EBV genomes were detected in 6.9% and 16.7% of FFPE breast cancer tissues, respectively. Clinical factors were not statistically associated with the presence of HCMV and EBV. CONCLUSION In this study, we reported EBV and LMP-1 typing in breast carcinoma cases for the first time in Iran. Our findings indicate that HCMV and EBV infections are not associated with the development of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Ghaffari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tavakoli
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Nafissi
- Department of Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saied Ghorbani
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Sadat Moochani
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi-Bahremani
- Department of Pathology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Alebouyeh
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Rasoul Akram Medical Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamidreza Monavari
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang D, An X, Li Q, Man X, Chu M, Li H, Zhang N, Dai X, Yu H, Li Z. Thioguanine Induces Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Regulating PI3K-AKT Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:524922. [PMID: 33194583 PMCID: PMC7662440 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.524922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is notoriously difficult to treat due to the lack of biological targets and poor sensitivity to conventional therapies. Chemotherapy is the main clinical therapy, but the effective screening strategy for chemotherapy drugs is poorly investigated. Drug repositioning has been the center of attention in recent years attracting numerous studies. Here, we firstly found multiple common features between leukemia and TNBC by analyzing the global transcriptome profiles based on the transformed comparison data from NCI60. Therefore, we investigated the role of the classic leukemia drug thioguanine (6-TG) in TNBC cancer cells. Our results indicated that 6-TG inhibited cell proliferation and tumor cell progression by suppressing PI3K–AKT pathway via downregulating the DNA methylation level of PTEN. Moreover, apoptosis was induced via the activation of PI3K-AKT downstream TSC1 and the downregulation of methylation levels of DAXX, TNF, FADD and CASP8etc. These findings indicated 6-TG exerts its anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo through regulating the DNA methylation levels of genes involved in PI3K–AKT and apoptosis pathway. Meanwhile, our study suggested that transcriptome-based drug screening has potential implications for breast cancer therapy and drug selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglan An
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaxia Man
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meiran Chu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangpeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shokouh MR, Safaei A, Moattari A, Sarvari J. Association of Human Papilloma Virus and Epstein-Barr Virus with Ovarian Cancer in Shiraz, Southwestern Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 15:292-298. [PMID: 32944041 PMCID: PMC7477684 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.119681.2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers amongst women. The association of Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with ovarian cancer is inconclusive; therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the frequency of HPV and EBV in malignant, borderline, benign and normal ovarian tissues. Methods: In this case-control study, 205 Paraffin-embedded ovarian tissue specimens including 68 malignant, 27 borderline, 65 benign, and 45 normal tissues were included from December 2014 to January 2018 and subjected to DNA extraction. The β-globin gene was amplified using PCR to confirm the quality of the extracted DNA. The genomes of HPV (genotypes 16 and 18) and EBV were identified, using specific primers by PCR. Results: The mean age of participants was 43.42 ± 15.4 years. The frequency of HPV was statistically significant between malignant versus benign (P=0.02) and control groups (P=0.002), but not with borderline tumor group (P=0.78). Amongst HPV infected samples, 1 (4.5%) and 14 (63.6%) samples were infected with types 16 and 18, respectively. Also 4 (18.2 %) samples were infected with both genotypes. Eleven samples including 7(10.3%) malignant, 1 (3.7%) borderline, 3 (4.6%) benign and none (0%) of normal control groups were infected with EBV, which was statistically different between malignant and the normal control group (P=0.03). Conclusion: The results of our study showed the possible role of high risk HPVs as well as EBV in pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and further studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Shokouh
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Safaei
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afagh Moattari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Islam MS, Chakraborty B, Panda CK. Human papilloma virus (HPV) profiles in breast cancer: future management. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:650. [PMID: 32566587 PMCID: PMC7290605 DOI: 10.21037/atm-19-2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is frequent among women in worldwide as well as in India. Several studies have reported a wide variation (1.6–86.2%) in the frequency of incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in BC with high prevalence of high risk HPV16 subtype. HPV infection in breast can occur through different routes like body fluid or by micro-lesion of breast skin from genital/agential sites, though the actual mode of HPV transmission is not yet known in details. Frequent integration and sequence variation with low copy number of HPV16 were seen in this tumour. In addition, high frequencies of methylation in p97 promoter region of HPV16 were evident in this tumour. Novel splice variants of E6/E7 along with other common variants and their protein expression were seen in the tumour. This indicates the importance of HPV in this tumor, its early diagnosis and prognosis. Thus, HPV may be targeted through vaccination to control the disease. However, detailed analysis of HPV associated molecular pathogenesis of BC is warranted for proper therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Saimul Islam
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Balarko Chakraborty
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wen X, Gao L, Hu Y. LAceModule: Identification of Competing Endogenous RNA Modules by Integrating Dynamic Correlation. Front Genet 2020; 11:235. [PMID: 32256525 PMCID: PMC7093494 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulate each other by competitively binding microRNAs they share. This is a vital post-transcriptional regulation mechanism and plays critical roles in physiological and pathological processes. Current computational methods for the identification of ceRNA pairs are mainly based on the correlation of the expression of ceRNA candidates and the number of shared microRNAs, without considering the sensitivity of the correlation to the expression levels of the shared microRNAs. To overcome this limitation, we introduced liquid association (LA), a dynamic correlation measure, which can evaluate the sensitivity of the correlation of ceRNAs to microRNAs, as an additional factor for the detection of ceRNAs. To this end, we firstly analyzed the effect of LA on detecting ceRNA pairs. Subsequently, we proposed an LA-based framework, termed LAceModule, to identify ceRNA modules by integrating the conventional Pearson correlation coefficient and dynamic correlation LA with multi-view non-negative matrix factorization. Using breast and liver cancer datasets, the experimental results demonstrated that LA is a useful measure in the detection of ceRNA pairs and modules. We found that the identified ceRNA modules play roles in cell adhesion, cell migration, and cell-cell communication. Furthermore, our results show that ceRNAs may represent potential drug targets and markers for the treatment and prognosis of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wen
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Gao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxuan Hu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Farahmand M, Monavari SH, Shoja Z, Ghaffari H, Tavakoli M, Tavakoli A. Epstein-Barr virus and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Future Oncol 2019; 15:2873-2885. [PMID: 31342783 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the numerous publications regarding the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in breast cancer development, the topic has still remained controversial. The aim of the meta-analysis was to estimate the overall prevalence of EBV in the breast cancer population, and to investigate the association between EBV and breast cancer risk. The overall prevalence of EBV was calculated 26.37% (95% CI: 22-31%) from the 44 included studies. Meta-analysis of 30 case-control studies showed that the pooled association between EBV and risk of breast cancer is odds ratio 4.74 (95% CI: 2.92-7.69; Z = 6.30; p < 0.0001). Our analyses indicate a strong statistical relationship between EBV infection and risk of breast cancer, suggesting a potential role of EBV infection in the development of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamidreza Monavari
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Ghaffari
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Tavakoli
- Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tavakoli
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Richardson AK, Walker LC, Cox B, Rollag H, Robinson BA, Morrin H, Pearson JF, Potter JD, Paterson M, Surcel HM, Pukkala E, Currie MJ. Breast cancer and cytomegalovirus. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:585-602. [PMID: 31256361 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether cytomegalovirus is causally associated with breast cancer and whether cytomegalovirus should be categorised as an oncogenic virus. METHODS We undertook a review of published epidemiological and laboratory studies, using established causal criteria: Bradford Hill criteria to determine whether cytomegalovirus is associated with breast cancer; and Evans/Mueller criteria to determine whether cytomegalovirus should be categorised as an oncogenic virus. RESULTS Although there are inconsistencies in the findings of published epidemiological and laboratory studies, these may be explained by factors such as: differences in timing of blood samples, differences in selection of cases and controls, or high cytomegalovirus seroprevalence among participants in the epidemiological studies; and, in the laboratory studies, differences in sample preparations, age of sample, whether or not paired breast cancer and normal breast tissue samples were used, differences in the tests, primers and/or antibodies used, differences in histological types of breast cancer studied, and/or features of the virus. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results of published studies of cytomegalovirus and breast cancer suggest cytomegalovirus is a causal factor for at least some types of breast cancer. If the evidence for a link between cytomegalovirus and breast cancer continues to strengthen, further research could lead to: targeted screening; therapy using antiviral drugs; and, perhaps, primary prevention of a significant proportion of breast cancer. Vaccination against viruses has already been shown to be effective in preventing cervix and liver cancer; cytomegalovirus vaccines are already under development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Richardson
- Wayne Francis Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - L C Walker
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - B Cox
- Hugh Adam Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - H Rollag
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - B A Robinson
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - H Morrin
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J F Pearson
- Department of the Dean, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J D Potter
- Wayne Francis Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Paterson
- University of Canterbury Library, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - H-M Surcel
- European Science Infrastructure Services, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - M J Currie
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim SY, Jeong HH, Kim J, Moon JH, Sohn KA. Robust pathway-based multi-omics data integration using directed random walks for survival prediction in multiple cancer studies. Biol Direct 2019; 14:8. [PMID: 31036036 PMCID: PMC6489180 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-019-0239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Integrating the rich information from multi-omics data has been a popular approach to survival prediction and bio-marker identification for several cancer studies. To facilitate the integrative analysis of multiple genomic profiles, several studies have suggested utilizing pathway information rather than using individual genomic profiles. Methods We have recently proposed an integrative directed random walk-based method utilizing pathway information (iDRW) for more robust and effective genomic feature extraction. In this study, we applied iDRW to multiple genomic profiles for two different cancers, and designed a directed gene-gene graph which reflects the interaction between gene expression and copy number data. In the experiments, the performances of the iDRW method and four state-of-the-art pathway-based methods were compared using a survival prediction model which classifies samples into two survival groups. Results The results show that the integrative analysis guided by pathway information not only improves prediction performance, but also provides better biological insights into the top pathways and genes prioritized by the model in both the neuroblastoma and the breast cancer datasets. The pathways and genes selected by the iDRW method were shown to be related to the corresponding cancers. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a directed random walk-based multi-omics data integration method applied to gene expression and copy number data for both breast cancer and neuroblastoma datasets. We revamped a directed gene-gene graph considering the impact of copy number variation on gene expression and redefined the weight initialization and gene-scoring method. The benchmark result for iDRW with four pathway-based methods demonstrated that the iDRW method improved survival prediction performance and jointly identified cancer-related pathways and genes for two different cancer datasets. Reviewers This article was reviewed by Helena Molina-Abril and Marta Hidalgo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kim
- Department of Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Hwan Jeong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jaesik Kim
- Department of Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Moon
- Department of Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Sohn
- Department of Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dowran R, Joharinia N, Safaei A, Bakhtiyarizadeh S, Alidadi Soleimani A, Alizadeh R, Mir-Shiri S, Sarvari J. No detection of EBV, BKV and JCV in breast cancer tissue samples in Iran. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:171. [PMID: 30909983 PMCID: PMC6434965 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most common cancer amongst women is breast cancer. Reports on the role of EBV, BKV, and JCV in the development of breast cancer are controversial. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of EBV, BKV, and JCV in malignant breast tumors in comparison with benign ones. RESULTS A total of 300 breast biopsy tissues were included, of which 150 were malignant and 150 benign. After deparaffinization, tissues were subjected to DNA extraction. β-globin gene was amplified by PCR to evaluate the quality of extracted DNA. In house PCRs assay was performed to detect EBV, JCV, and BKV genome fragment. The mean age of malignant and benign groups was 45.0 ± 9.4 and 35.2 ± 12.1 years old. Out of 150 malignant samples, 146 were ductal, two lobular and two samples both invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma. In the benign group, 96, 52 and two samples were fibroadenoma, fibrocystic, and adenosis types, respectively. Genomic DNA fragment of EBV, BKV, and JCV was not found in any of the malignant and benign breast tissues. CONCLUSION According to our finding, there is the possibility that EBV, BKV, and JCV are not involved in breast cancer pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Dowran
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Joharinia
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Safaei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahar Bakhtiyarizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abootaleb Alidadi Soleimani
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rasool Alizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Mir-Shiri
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
The transcriptome of human mammary epithelial cells infected with the HCMV-DB strain displays oncogenic traits. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12574. [PMID: 30135434 PMCID: PMC6105607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) populations under the influence of host environment, can either be stable or rapidly differentiating, leading to tissue compartment colonization. We isolated previously from a 30-years old pregnant woman, a clinical isolate of HCMV, that we refered to as the HCMV-DB strain (accession number KT959235). The HCMV-DB clinical isolate demonstrated its ability to infect primary macrophages and to upregulate the proto-oncogene Bcl-3. We observed in this study that the genome of HCMV-DB strain is close to the genomes of other primary clinical isolates including the Toledo and the JP strains with the later having been isolated from a glandular tissue, the prostate. Using a phylogenetic analysis to compare the genes involved in virus entry, we observed that the HCMV-DB strain is close to the HCMV strain Merlin, the prototype HCMV strain. HCMV-DB infects human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) which in turn display a ER−/PR−/HER2− phenotype, commonly refered to as triple negative. The transcriptome of HCMV-DB-infected HMECs presents the characteristics of a pro-oncogenic cellular environment with upregulated expression of numerous oncogenes, enhanced activation of pro-survival genes, and upregulated markers of cell proliferation, stemcellness and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) that was confirmed by enhanced cellular proliferation and tumorsphere formation in vitro. Taken together our data indicate that some clinical isolates could be well adapted to the mammary tissue environment, as it is the case for the HCMV-DB strain. This could influence the viral fitness, ultimately leading to breast cancer development.
Collapse
|
29
|
Kumar A, Tripathy MK, Pasquereau S, Al Moussawi F, Abbas W, Coquard L, Khan KA, Russo L, Algros MP, Valmary-Degano S, Adotevi O, Morot-Bizot S, Herbein G. The Human Cytomegalovirus Strain DB Activates Oncogenic Pathways in Mammary Epithelial Cells. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:167-183. [PMID: 29628341 PMCID: PMC5952350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) establishes a persistent life-long infection and increasing evidence indicates HCMV infection can modulate signaling pathways associated with oncogenesis. Breast milk is an important route of HCMV transmission in humans and we hypothesized that mammary epithelial cells could be one of the main cellular targets of HCMV infection. Methods The infectivity of primary human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) was assessed following infection with the HCMV-DB strain, a clinical isolate with a marked macrophage-tropism. The impact of HCMV-DB infection on expression of p53 and retinoblastoma proteins, telomerase activity and oncogenic pathways (c-Myc, Akt, Ras, STAT3) was studied. Finally the transformation of HCMV-DB infected HMECs was evaluated using soft agar assay. CTH cells (CMV Transformed HMECs) were detected in prolonged cultures of infected HMECs. Tumor formation was observed in NOD/SCID Gamma (NSG) mice injected with CTH cells. Detection of long non coding RNA4.9 (lncRNA4.9) gene was assessed in CTH cells, tumors isolated from xenografted NSG mice and biopsies of patients with breast cancer using qualitative and quantitative PCR. Results We found that HCMV, especially a clinical strain named HCMV-DB, infects HMECs in vitro. The clinical strain HCMV-DB replicates productively in HMECs as evidenced by detection of early and late viral transcripts and proteins. Following infection of HMECs with HCMV-DB, we observed the inactivation of retinoblastoma and p53 proteins, the activation of telomerase activity, the activation of the proto-oncogenes c-Myc and Ras, the activation of Akt and STAT3, and the upregulation of cyclin D1 and Ki67 antigen. Colony formation was observed in soft agar seeded with HCMV-DB-infected HMECs. Prolonged culture of infected HMECs resulted in the development of clusters of spheroid cells that we called CTH cells (CMV Transformed HMECs). CTH cells when injected in NOD/SCID Gamma (NSG) mice resulted in the development of tumors. We detected in CTH cells the presence of a HCMV signature corresponding to a sequence of the long noncoding RNA4.9 (lncRNA4.9) gene. We also found the presence of the HCMV lncRNA4.9 sequence in tumors isolated from xenografted NSG mice injected with CTH cells and in biopsies of patients with breast cancer using qualitative and quantitative PCR. Conclusions Our data indicate that key molecular pathways involved in oncogenesis are activated in HCMV-DB-infected HMECs that ultimately results in the transformation of HMECs in vitro with the appearance of CMV-transformed HMECs (CTH cells) in culture. CTH cells display a HCMV signature corresponding to a lncRNA4.9 genomic sequence and give rise to fast growing triple-negative tumors in NSG mice. A similar lncRNA4.9 genomic sequence was detected in tumor biopsies of patients with breast cancer. The infection of primary human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) with the HCMV-DB strain results in a pro-oncogenic cellular environment. HCMV-DB transforms primary HMECs in vitro as measured by a soft agar assay. Prolonged culture of HMECs infected with HCMV-DB results in the appearance of clusters of spheroid cells that we called CTH cells (CMV Transformed HMECs). CTH cells when injected in NOD/SCID Gamma mice resulted in the development of breast tumor. The HCMV lncRNA4.9 sequence was detected in CTH cells, in tumors isolated from xenografted NSG mice injected with CTH cells and in biopsies of patients with breast cancer.
Research in Context: Worldwide breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed among women. Etiological factors involved in breast cancer include genetic and environmental risk factors and among these latter viruses could be involved with close to one-fifth of all cancers in the world caused by infectious agents. We found that the cytomegalovirus strain DB, a member of the herpesvirus family, activates oncogenic pathways in infected mammary epithelial cells, transforms these cells in culture and favors the appearance of tumors in xenografted mice. Our findings might lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté (UFC), University of Bourgogne France-Comté (UBFC), F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Manoj Kumar Tripathy
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté (UFC), University of Bourgogne France-Comté (UBFC), F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Sébastien Pasquereau
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté (UFC), University of Bourgogne France-Comté (UBFC), F-25030 Besançon, France.
| | - Fatima Al Moussawi
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté (UFC), University of Bourgogne France-Comté (UBFC), F-25030 Besançon, France; Lebanese University, Beyrouth, Lebanon
| | | | - Laurie Coquard
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté (UFC), University of Bourgogne France-Comté (UBFC), F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Kashif Aziz Khan
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté (UFC), University of Bourgogne France-Comté (UBFC), F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Laetitia Russo
- Department of Pathology, CHRU Besançon, F-25030 Besançon, France
| | | | | | - Olivier Adotevi
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Department of Medical Oncology, CHRU Besancon, F-25030 Besancon, France.
| | | | - Georges Herbein
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté (UFC), University of Bourgogne France-Comté (UBFC), F-25030 Besançon, France; Department of Virology, CHRU Besancon, F-25030 Besancon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bakhtiyrizadeh S, Hosseini SY, Yaghobi R, Safaei A, Sarvari J. Almost Complete Lack of Human Cytomegalovirus and Human papillomaviruses Genome in Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions in Shiraz, Southwest of Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:3319-3324. [PMID: 29286226 PMCID: PMC5980890 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.12.3319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks as the most common cancer among women worldwide. There have been controversial reports regarding contributions of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) to its development. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HPV and HCMV positivity in benign and malignant breast tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Bakhtiyrizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
El-Naby NEH, Hassan Mohamed H, Mohamed Goda A, El Sayed Mohamed A. Epstein-Barr virus infection and breast invasive ductal carcinoma in Egyptian women: A single center experience. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2017; 29:77-82. [PMID: 28462850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnci.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A controversy of the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in breast carcinomas has been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVES We carried on this research to explore possible association between EBV infection and breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in Egyptian women attending our center. STUDY DESIGN This study carried out at Sohag university hospital on 84 paraffin embedded samples of breast tissue, of them 42 breast IDC as the case group and 42 breast fibroadenomas as the control group. Nested PCRand immunohistochemistry (IHC) done separately for all samples to identify the Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) gene and EBV latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) respectively, in breast cancer cells and controls. RESULTS Specimen considered positive when both (EBNA-1) gene and LMP-1 were detected using PCR and IHC separately for the same sample, this was achieved by 10/42 (23.81%) of breast IDC (case group) and 6/42 (14.29%) of breast fibro-adenomas (control group) (P-value=0.4). Nodal involvement was the only parameter that demonstrated a significant statistical relationship with EBV presence in cancerous tissue with p-value=0.003. CONCLUSION Our research could not find a significant statistical association between EBV infection and breast IDC in Egyptian women attending our center, but, there might be an association between the existence of EBV and tumor aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hameda Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Mohamed Goda
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed El Sayed Mohamed
- Department of Clinical and Radiation Oncology, Sohag University, Faculty of Medicine, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Delgado-García S, Martínez-Escoriza JC, Alba A, Martín-Bayón TA, Ballester-Galiana H, Peiró G, Caballero P, Ponce-Lorenzo J. Presence of human papillomavirus DNA in breast cancer: a Spanish case-control study. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:320. [PMID: 28482874 PMCID: PMC5423011 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3308-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most important neoplasia among women. It was recently suggested that biological agents could be the etiological cause, particularly Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The aim of this study was to explore the presence of HPV DNA in a case-control study. METHODS We performed our study including 251 cases (breast cancer) and 186 controls (benign breast tumors), using three different molecular techniques with PCR (GP5/GP6, CLART® and DIRECT FLOW CHIP®). RESULTS HPV DNA was evidenced in 51.8% of the cases and in 26.3% of the controls (p < 0.001). HPV-16 was the most prevalent serotype. The odds ratio (OR) of HPV within a multivariate model, taking into account age and breastfeeding, was 4.034. CONCLUSIONS Our study, with methodological rigour and a sample size not previously found in the literature, demonstrate a significant presence of HPV DNA in breast cancer samples. A possible causal relationship, or mediation or not as a cofactor, remains to be established by future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Delgado-García
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital of Alicante, c/ Pintor Baeza, 11, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan-Carlos Martínez-Escoriza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital of Alicante, c/ Pintor Baeza, 11, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Alfonso Alba
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Studies, Lugo, Spain
| | - Tina-Aurora Martín-Bayón
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital of Alicante, c/ Pintor Baeza, 11, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Hortensia Ballester-Galiana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital of Alicante, c/ Pintor Baeza, 11, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Gloria Peiró
- Department of Pathology, University General Hospital of Alicante, Institute of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo Caballero
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jose Ponce-Lorenzo
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Valle Oseguera CA, Spencer JV. Human cytomegalovirus interleukin-10 enhances matrigel invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:24. [PMID: 28228690 PMCID: PMC5307693 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While some risk factors for breast cancer are well-known, the influence of other factors, particularly virus infection, remains unclear. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is widespread in the general population, and both molecular and epidemiological evidence has indicated links between HCMV and breast cancer. The HCMV protein cmvIL-10 is a potent suppressor of immune function that has also been shown to promote proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. In this study, the impact of cmvIL-10 on tumor cell invasion through a simulated basement membrane was investigated. RESULTS MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells exhibited invasion through a matrigel layer that was significantly enhanced in the presence of either purified cmvIL-10 or supernatants from HCMV-infected cells containing secreted cmvIL-10. Transcriptional profiling revealed that cmvIL-10 altered expression of several genes implicated in metastasis. Exposure to cmvIL-10 resulted in higher MMP-3 mRNA levels, greater protein expression, and increased enzymatic activity. Treatment with cmvIL-10 also increased expression of both urokinase plasminogen receptor (uPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), which can stimulate MMP-3 activity and have previously been identified as poor prognostic markers in breast cancer patients. Finally, MDA-MB-231 cells treated with cmvIL-10 showed significant downregulation of metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1), a scaffolding protein that regulates cytoskeletal rearrangements and is frequently lost in metastatic tumors. CONCLUSIONS HCMV, and in particular the secreted viral cytokine, cmvIL-10, can induce cellular changes that facilitate cell migration and invasion. These findings indicate that HCMV may be associated with promoting the malignant spread of breast cancer cells and suggest that antiviral treatment may be a useful complement to chemotherapy in some patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cendy A Valle Oseguera
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
| | - Juliet V Spencer
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mouh FZ, Mzibri ME, Slaoui M, Amrani M. Recent Progress in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Research. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:1595-608. [PMID: 27221827 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.4.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined as a type of breast carcinoma that is negative for expression of oestrogene and progesterone hormone receptors (ER, PR) and HER2. This form of breast cancer is marked by its aggressiveness, low survival rate and lack of specific therapies. Recently, important molecular characteristics of TNBC have been highlighted and led to the identification of some biomarkers that could be used in diagnosis, as therapeutic targets or to assess the prognosis. In this review, we summarize recent progress in TNBC research focusing on the genetic and epigenetic alterations of TNBC and the potential use of these biomarkers in the targeted therapy for better management of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zahra Mouh
- Equipe deRecherche ONCOGYMA, University of Mohamed V, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat Morocco E-mail :
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Karuppasamy R, Verma K, Sequeira VM, Basavanna LN, Veerappapillai S. An Integrative Drug Repurposing Pipeline: Switching Viral Drugs to Breast Cancer. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1412-1422. [PMID: 27859674 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The growing incidence rate of breast cancer, coupled with cellular chemotherapeutic resistance, has made this disease one of the most prevalent cancers among women worldwide. Despite the recent efforts to understand the underlying cause of the resistance due to mutation, there are no feasible tactics to overcome this bottleneck. This issue could be addressed by the concept of polypharmacology-disguising drugs present in the pharmacopeia for novel purposes (drug repurposing). Of note, we have proposed a multi-modal computational drug-repositioning stratagem to predict drugs possessing anti-proliferative effect. Our results suggest that Ombitasvir, a Hepatitis C NS5B polymerase inhibitor, could be "repurposed" for the control and prevention of beta-tubulin-driven breast cancers. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1412-1422, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Karuppasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanika Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velin Marita Sequeira
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lokapriya Nandan Basavanna
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanthi Veerappapillai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Choi J, Kim C, Lee HS, Choi YJ, Kim HY, Lee J, Chang H, Kim A. Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Korean Breast Cancer Patients by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Meta-Analysis of Human Papillomavirus and Breast Cancer. J Pathol Transl Med 2016; 50:442-450. [PMID: 27725620 PMCID: PMC5122727 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2016.07.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established oncogenic virus of cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancer. Various subtypes of HPV have been detected in 0% to 60% of breast cancers. The roles of HPV in the carcinogenesis of breast cancer remain controversial. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of HPV-positive breast cancer in Korean patients and to evaluate the possibility of carcinogenic effect of HPV on breast. Methods Meta-analysis was performed in 22 case-control studies for HPV infection in breast cancer. A total of 123 breast cancers, nine intraductal papillomas and 13 nipple tissues of patients with proven cervical HPV infection were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect 28 subtypes of HPV. Breast cancers were composed of 106 formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) breast cancer samples and 17 touch imprint cytology samples of breast cancers. Results The overall odds ratio between breast cancer and HPV infection was 5.43 (95% confidence interval, 3.24 to 9.12) with I<sup>2</sup> = 34.5% in meta-analysis of published studies with case-control setting and it was statistically significant. HPV was detected in 22 cases of breast cancers (17.9%) and two cases of intaductal papillomas (22.2%). However, these cases had weak positivity. Conclusions These results failed to serve as significant evidence to support the relationship between HPV and breast cancer. Further study with larger epidemiologic population is merited to determine the relationship between HPV and breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyuk Choi
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chungyeul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Seung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Choi
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinhwan Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Chang
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aeree Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Meseure D, Vacher S, Drak Alsibai K, Trassard M, Nicolas A, Leclere R, Lerebours F, Guinebretiere JM, Marangoni E, Lidereau R, Bieche I. Biopathological Significance of TLR9 Expression in Cancer Cells and Tumor Microenvironment Across Invasive Breast Carcinomas Subtypes. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2016; 9:107-118. [PMID: 27392414 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-016-0186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors mainly expressed by cells of the immune system but also by epithelial tumor cells. Little is known about expression patterns of TLR genes in breast tumors, and their clinical significance is unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate expression of TLRs pathway components in pre-invasive breast lesions and invasive breast carcinomas (IBCs). We used RT-PCR assays to quantify mRNA levels of the 10 TLR genes and genes involved in TLR pathways in 350 breast tumors from patients with known clinical/pathological status and long-term outcome. Sets of 158 breast samples were also analyzed by immunochemistry including; 40 early noninvasive breast lesions, 38 IBCs and 80 triple negative carcinomas subtype (TNCs). We identified TLR9 as the major TLR gene family member upregulated in breast tumors and more particularly in TNCs. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that TLR9 protein was expressed in tumor epithelial and stromal cells of the TLR9 mRNA-overexpressing tumors. TLR9 overexpression appears very early during breast carcinogenesis. High TLR9 levels were associated with favorable outcome in the TNC sub-group. TLR9 overexpression was associated with alterations of down-stream components of the TLR9 signaling pathway, epithelio-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction and EGFR pathway deregulation. TNCs with TLR9 overexpression were significantly correlated with development of a fibrous and inflammatory microenvironment with variable status of nuclear phosphoSTAT3. Our results suggest that TLR9 could play a role in TNC carcinogenesis and could be useful as predictive biomarker and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didier Meseure
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Curie Institute, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris Cedex 05, France. .,Platform of Investigative Pathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France. .,Department of Biopathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France.
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Curie Institute, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | | | - André Nicolas
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Leclere
- Department of Biopathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Florence Lerebours
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Curie Institute, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Rosette Lidereau
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Curie Institute, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Curie Institute, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248, Paris Cedex 05, France.,EA 7331, University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Verma M. Mechanistic and Technical Challenges in Studying the Human Microbiome and Cancer Epidemiology. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 16:150-158. [PMID: 27121074 DOI: 10.1177/1533034616645219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the significance of the microbiome in cancer epidemiology, mechanistic and technical challenges in the field, and characterization of the microbiome in different tumor types to identify biomarkers of risk, progression, and prognosis. Publications on the microbiome and cancer epidemiology were reviewed to analyze sample collection and processing, microbiome taxa characterization by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, and microbiome metabolite characterization (metabotyping) by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The analysis identified methodology types, research design, sample types, and issues in integrating data from different platforms. Aerodigestive cancer epidemiology studies conducted by different groups demonstrated the significance of microbiome information in developing approaches to improve health. Challenges exist in sample preparation and processing (eg, standardization of methods for collection and analysis). These challenges relate to technology, data integration from "omics" studies, inherent bias in primer selection during 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, the need for large consortia with well-characterized biospecimens, cause and effect issues, resilience of microbiota to exposure events (requires longitudinal studies), and expanding studies for fungal and viral diversity (most studies used bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing for microbiota characterization). Despite these challenges, microbiome and cancer epidemiology studies are significant and may facilitate cancer risk assessment, diagnosis, and prognosis. In the future, clinical trials likely will use microbiota modifications to improve the efficacy of existing treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Verma
- 1 Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bae JM, Kim EH. Human papillomavirus infection and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:14. [PMID: 26981149 PMCID: PMC4791894 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although systematic reviews (SR) report that human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the risk of breast cancer, there are still disputes regarding this association. In particular, it has been argued that the risk level differs depending on nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year. Considering that the searching year of publication for the previous SRs was June 2013, a renewal meta-analysis needs to be conducted. Methods Using articles selected in the previous SRs, we compiled a list of references, cited articles, and related articles from the PubMed and Scopus databases. Of these, only publications with data from case-control studies on HPV DNA-positivity in tissues were chosen. Summary odds ratio (SOR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated through meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was performed for nationality, types of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year. Results Twenty-two case-control studies were selected, and the total number of individuals in the case and control group was 1897 and 948, respectively. According to the meta-analysis about the 22 publications, HPV infection increased the risk of breast cancer (SOR = 4.02, 95 % CI: 2.42–6.68; I-squared = 44.7 %). Statistical significance was not found in meta-regression performed on the four variables of nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year which some researchers think sources of heterogeneity. Conclusions The results of the present study supported the argument that HPV infection increases the risk of breast cancer. Age-matched case-control studies are in need in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Myon Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jejudo, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jejudo, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Vriend J, Reiter RJ. Breast cancer cells: Modulation by melatonin and the ubiquitin-proteasome system--a review. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 417:1-9. [PMID: 26363225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin inhibits human breast cancer cells stimulated with estrogen. This antiproliferative action depends on the presence of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the human MCF-7 cell line and is strictly dose-dependent. Since researchers concerned with melatonin and breast cancer have not considered the relevance of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to this research in this review we do so. The fact that the first breast cancer susceptibility gene to be identified, Brca1, functions as a ubiquitin ligase indicates that the ubiquitin-proteasome system has a role in regulating susceptibility to breast cancer. While mutations of this gene increase the incidence of breast cancer, the wild type gene suppresses estrogen-dependent transcriptional events relying on the estrogen receptor ERα. Three other ubiquitin ligases, SCF(Skp2), E6AP and APC, interact directly with ERα at the ERE and AP-1 promoters of ERα target genes. Melatonin, like proteasome inhibitors, decreases estrogen-induced gene transcription. Indeed, it has been reported that melatonin specifically inhibits estrogen-induced transcription mediated by ERα at the ERE and AP1 gene promoters. Herein, we present a model in which the inhibitory action of melatonin on MCF-7 cells is mediated, directly or indirectly, by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In this model ERα, apoptotic proteins, and cell cycle proteins, all influenced by melatonin, are substrates of key ubiquitin ligases including SCF(Skp2), E6AP, and SCF(B-TrCP). Since dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is a risk factor for breast cancer, this model provides a context in which to test the clinical potential, and limitations, of melatonin and proteasome inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Vriend
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
El-Shinawi M, Mohamed HT, Abdel-Fattah HH, Ibrahim SAA, El-Halawany MS, Nouh MA, Schneider RJ, Mohamed MM. Inflammatory and Non-inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Potential Role for Detection of Multiple Viral DNAs in Disease Progression. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 23:494-502. [PMID: 26508152 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most lethal form of breast cancer. Multiple viral infections in IBC tissues were found to be associated with disease pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to correlate the incidence of viral DNA with breast cancer progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 135 women diagnosed with breast cancer were enrolled in this study. Using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing assays, we determined the incidence of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 (HPV-16 and -18), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8) in breast carcinoma tissue biopsies. We also assessed the expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 by immunohistochemistry in association with the incidence of viral DNA. RESULTS HCMV and HPV-16 were the most detected viral DNAs in breast carcinoma tissues; however, the frequency of HCMV and HHV-8 DNA were significantly higher in IBC than non-IBC tissues. Moreover, the prevalence of multiple viral DNAs was higher in IBC than non-IBC tissues. The incidence of multiple viral DNAs positively correlates with tumor size and number of metastatic lymph nodes in both non-IBC and IBC patients. The expression of Ki-67 was found to be significantly higher in both non-IBC and IBC tissues in which multiple viral DNAs were detected. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of multiple viral DNAs in IBC tissues was higher compared with non-IBC tissues. The present results suggest the possibility of a functional relationship between the presence of multiple viral DNAs and disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Shinawi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam Taha Mohamed
- Cancer Biology Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Sherif Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Cancer Biology Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Medhat S El-Halawany
- Cancer Biology Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - M Akram Nouh
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Robert J Schneider
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mona Mostafa Mohamed
- Cancer Biology Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Banerjee S, Wei Z, Tan F, Peck KN, Shih N, Feldman M, Rebbeck TR, Alwine JC, Robertson ES. Distinct microbiological signatures associated with triple negative breast cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15162. [PMID: 26469225 PMCID: PMC4606812 DOI: 10.1038/srep15162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious agents are the third highest human cancer risk factor and may have a greater role in the origin and/or progression of cancers, and related pathogenesis. Thus, knowing the specific viruses and microbial agents associated with a cancer type may provide insights into cause, diagnosis and treatment. We utilized a pan-pathogen array technology to identify the microbial signatures associated with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This technology detects low copy number and fragmented genomes extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded archival tissues. The results, validated by PCR and sequencing, define a microbial signature present in TNBC tissue which was underrepresented in normal tissue. Hierarchical clustering analysis displayed two broad microbial signatures, one prevalent in bacteria and parasites and one prevalent in viruses. These signatures demonstrate a new paradigm in our understanding of the link between microorganisms and cancer, as causative or commensal in the tumor microenvironment and provide new diagnostic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, 201 E Johnson Pavilion, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computing Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, GITC 4400, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Fei Tan
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computing Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, GITC 4400, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Kristen N Peck
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, 201 E Johnson Pavilion, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Natalie Shih
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, 217 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James C Alwine
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 314 Biomedical Research Building, 421 Curie Blvd. Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Erle S Robertson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, 201 E Johnson Pavilion, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bishop RK, Valle Oseguera CA, Spencer JV. Human Cytomegalovirus interleukin-10 promotes proliferation and migration of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 2. [PMID: 26023679 DOI: 10.14800/ccm.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women worldwide. While a small fraction of breast cancers have a hereditary component, environmental and behavioral factors also impact the development of cancer. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of the Herpesviridae family that is widespread in the general population and has been linked to several forms of cancer. While HCMV DNA has been found in some breast cancer tissue specimens, we wanted to investigate whether a secreted viral cytokine might have an effect on cancerous or even pre-cancerous cells. HCMV encodes an ortholog of the human cellular cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). The HCMV UL111A gene product is cmvIL-10, which has 27% sequence identity to IL-10 and binds the cellular IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) to induce downstream cell signaling. We found that MCF-7 human breast cancer cells express IL-10R and that exposure to cmvIL-10 results in enhanced proliferation and increased chemotaxis of MCF-7 cells. PCR arrays revealed that treatment with cmvIL-10 alters expression of cell adhesion molecules and increases MMP gene expression. In particular, MMP-10 gene expression was found to be significantly up-regulated and this correlated with an increase in cell-associated MMP-10 protein produced by MCF-7 cells exposed to cmvIL-10. These results suggest that the presence of cmvIL-10 in the tumor microenvironment could contribute to the development of more invasive tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin K Bishop
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117 United States of America
| | - Cendy A Valle Oseguera
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117 United States of America
| | - Juliet V Spencer
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117 United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Richardson AK, Currie MJ, Robinson BA, Morrin H, Phung Y, Pearson JF, Anderson TP, Potter JD, Walker LC. Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in breast cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118989. [PMID: 25723522 PMCID: PMC4344231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Findings of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and breast cancer vary, making it difficult to determine whether either, both, or neither virus is causally associated with breast cancer. We investigated CMV and EBV in paired samples of breast cancer and normal breast tissue from 70 women using quantitative PCR. A serum sample from each woman was tested for CMV and EBV IgG. To place our results in context, we reviewed the existing literature and performed a meta-analysis of our results together with previous PCR studies of EBV, CMV, and breast cancer. Of the serology samples, 67 of 70 (96%) were EBV IgG positive and 49 of 70 (70%) were CMV IgG positive. QPCR detected EBV in 24 (34%) of the tumour and 9 (13%) of the paired normal specimens and CMV in 0 (0%) of the tumour and 2 (3%) of the paired normal specimens. Our findings, together with earlier results summarised in the meta-analysis, suggest several possibilities: variable findings may be due to limitations of molecular analyses; 'hit and run' oncogenesis may lead to inconsistent results; one or both viruses has a role at a later stage in breast cancer development; infection with multiple viruses increases breast cancer risk; or neither virus has a role. Future studies should focus on ways to investigate these possibilities, and should include comparisons of breast cancer tissue samples with appropriate normal tissue samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann K. Richardson
- Wayne Francis Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Margaret J. Currie
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Bridget A. Robinson
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Helen Morrin
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yen Phung
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John F. Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - John D. Potter
- Wayne Francis Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States of America
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Logan C. Walker
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Salmons B, Lawson JS, Günzburg WH. Recent developments linking retroviruses to human breast cancer: infectious agent, enemy within or both? J Gen Virol 2014; 95:2589-2593. [PMID: 25217613 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.070631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that one or more beta-retrovirus is associated with human breast cancer. Retroviruses can exist as an infectious (exogenous) virus or as a part of the genetic information of cells due to germline integration (endogenous). An exogenous virus with a genome that is highly homologous to mouse mammary tumour virus is gaining acceptance as possibly being associated with human breast cancer, and recently furnished evidence is discussed in this article, as is the evidence for involvement of an endogenous human beta-retrovirus, HERV-K. Modes of interaction are also reviewed and linkages to the APOBEC3 family are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Salmons
- Austrianova, 20 Biopolis Way, 05-518 Centros, Republic of Singapore 138668
| | - James S Lawson
- School of Public Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Walter H Günzburg
- Institute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Herbein G, Kumar A. The oncogenic potential of human cytomegalovirus and breast cancer. Front Oncol 2014; 4:230. [PMID: 25202681 PMCID: PMC4142708 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading causes of cancer-related death among women. The vast majority of breast cancers are carcinomas that originate from cells lining the milk-forming ducts of the mammary gland. Numerous articles indicate that breast tumors exhibit diverse phenotypes depending on their distinct physiopathological signatures, clinical courses, and therapeutic possibilities. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a multifaceted highly host specific betaherpesvirus that is regarded as asymptomatic or mildly pathogenic virus in immunocompetent host. HCMV may cause serious in utero infections as well as acute and chronic complications in immunocompromised individual. The involvement of HCMV in late inflammatory complications underscores its possible role in inflammatory diseases and cancer. HCMV targets a variety of cell types in vivo, including macrophages, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, stromal cells, neuronal cells, smooth muscle cells, and hepatocytes. HCMV can be detected in the milk after delivery and thereby HCMV could spread to adjacent mammary epithelial cells. HCMV also infects macrophages and induces an atypical M1/M2 phenotype, close to the tumor-associated macrophage phenotype, which is associated with the release of cytokines involved in cancer initiation or promotion and breast cancer of poor prognosis. HCMV antigens and DNA have been detected in tissue biopsies of breast cancers and elevation in serum HCMV IgG antibody levels has been reported to precede the development of breast cancer in some women. In this review, we will discuss the potential role of HCMV in the initiation and progression of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georges Herbein
- Department of Virology and Department of Pathogens & Inflammation, UPRES EA4266, SFR FED 4234, CHRU Besançon, University of Franche-Comté , Besançon , France
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Virology and Department of Pathogens & Inflammation, UPRES EA4266, SFR FED 4234, CHRU Besançon, University of Franche-Comté , Besançon , France
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Peng J, Wang T, Zhu H, Guo J, Li K, Yao Q, Lv Y, Zhang J, He C, Chen J, Wang L, Jin Q. Multiplex PCR/mass spectrometry screening of biological carcinogenic agents in human mammary tumors. J Clin Virol 2014; 61:255-9. [PMID: 25088618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While many studies have suggested a possible link between breast cancer pathogenesis and infection by viruses, the role of viruses in breast carcinogenesis remains controversial. OBJECTIVES We analyzed the prevalence of 30 oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) and six polyomaviruses in breast tumor specimens. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed breast specimens from 100 breast cancer patients (group 1) and 50 benign breast disease patients (group 2) from Shaanxi Province in China. We also screened for the viruses in blood samples from the patients and 96 female blood donor volunteers (group 3). RESULTS EBV, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and HPV-18 were detected in 60, 14 and 2 breast cancer patients, respectively, and EBV and MCPyV were detected in 16 and 1 benign breast disease patients, respectively. EBV and MCPyV were more prevalent in group 1 than in group 2 (EBV: 60.0% vs. 32.0%, p = 0.0012; MCPyV: 14.0% vs. 2.0%; p = 0.02). In contrast, there was no difference in the prevalence of EBV and MCPyV in blood samples between group 1 and group 2, group 1 and group 3. EBV was detected in malignant breast tissue and its presence was confined to the malignant cells using in situ hybridization. CONCLUSIONS We found that EBV and MCPyV were more prevalent in the tumors of women with breast cancer than in samples from women with benign breast disease. Our results support an etiologic role for EBV in breast cancer pathogenesis in Chinese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junping Peng
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Zhu
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Guo
- Agena Bioscience, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyang He
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghao Chen
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Jin
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sandholm J, Selander KS. Toll-like receptor 9 in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2014; 5:330. [PMID: 25101078 PMCID: PMC4105583 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a cellular DNA receptor of the innate immune system. DNA recognition via TLR9 results in an inflammatory reaction, which eventually also activates a Th1-biased adaptive immune attack. In addition to cells of the immune system, TLR9 mRNA and protein are also widely expressed in breast cancer cell lines and in clinical breast cancer specimens. Although synthetic TLR9-ligands induce cancer cell invasion in vitro, the role of TLR9 in cancer pathophysiology has remained unclear. In the studies conducted so far, tumor TLR9 expression has been shown to have prognostic significance only in patients that have triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Specifically, high tumor TLR9 expression predicts good prognosis among TNBC patients. Pre-clinical studies suggest that TLR9 expression may affect tumor immunophenotype and contribute to the immunogenic benefit of chemotherapy. In this review, we discuss the possible contribution of tumor TLR9 to the pathogenesis and treatment responses in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jouko Sandholm
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University , Turku , Finland
| | - Katri S Selander
- Department of Pathology, Lapland Central Hospital , Rovaniemi , Finland ; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
| |
Collapse
|