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Cakaj A, Drzewiecka K, Hanć A, Lisiak-Zielińska M, Ciszewska L, Drapikowska M. Plants as effective bioindicators for heavy metal pollution monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 256:119222. [PMID: 38795949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the bioindicator potential of Amaranthus retroflexus L., Plantago lanceolata L., Rumex acetosa L., and Trifolium pratense L. including the use of Lolium multiflorum L. as a reference species, for heavy metal pollution monitoring, in particular Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), and Lead (Pb). Controlled heavy metal contamination was applied through irrigation with metal nitrate solutions two levels of contamination (low and high). The study also focused on analyzing heavy metals concentration in plant tissues and related physiological responses. Distinct physiological responses to heavy metal stress were observed among the investigated species, highlighting unique variations in their reactions. Hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde content, and enzymatic activities emerged as reliable indicators of plant stress induced by heavy metal solutions. P. lanceolata displayed elevated Zn concentrations in both roots and leaves (3271 ± 337 and 4956 ± 82 mg kg-1). For Pb, L. multiflorum and P. lanceolata showed highest root concentrations (2964 ± 937 and 1605 ± 289 mg kg-1), while R. acetosa had higher leaf concentration (1957 ± 147 mg kg-1). For Ni, L. multiflorum had the highest root concentration (1148 ± 93 mg kg-1), and P. lanceolata exhibited the highest leaf concentration (2492 ± 28 mg kg-1). P. lanceolata consistently demonstrated the highest Cd concentrations in both roots (126 ± 21 mg kg-1) and leaves (163 ± 12 mg kg-1). These results provide valuable insights for selecting effective bioindicator species to establish control strategies for heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlinda Cakaj
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Kinga Drzewiecka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anetta Hanć
- Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Lisiak-Zielińska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Liliana Ciszewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Drapikowska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
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El-Keblawy A, Almehdi AM, Elsheikh EAE, Abouleish MY, Sheteiwy MS, Galal TM. Native desert plants have the potential for phytoremediation of phytotoxic metals in urban cities: implications for cities sustainability in arid environments. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13761. [PMID: 38877054 PMCID: PMC11178880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62622-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Arid regions can benefit from using native desert plants, which require minimal freshwater and can aid in remediating soil phytotoxic metals (PTMs) from traffic emissions. In this study, we assessed the ability of three native desert plants-Pennisetum divisum, Tetraena qatarensis, and Brassica tournefortii-to accumulate phytotoxic metals (PTMs) in their different plant organs, including leaves, stems, and roots/rhizomes. The PTMs were analyzed in soil and plant samples collected from Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The results indicated significantly higher levels of PTMs on the soil surface than the subsurface layer. Brassica exhibited the highest concentrations of Fe and Zn, measuring 566.7 and 262.8 mg kg-1, respectively, while Tetraena accumulated the highest concentration of Sr (1676.9 mg kg-1) in their stems. In contrast, Pennisetum recorded the lowest concentration of Sr (21.0 mg kg-1), while Tetraena exhibited the lowest concentrations of Fe and Zn (22.5 and 30.1 mg kg-1) in their leaves. The roots of Pennisetum, Brassica, and Tetraena demonstrated the potential to accumulate Zn from the soil, with concentration factors (CF) of 1.75, 1.09, and 1.09, respectively. Moreover, Brassica exhibited the highest CF for Sr, measuring 2.34. Pennisetum, however, could not translocate PTMs from its rhizomes to other plant organs, as indicated by a translocation factor (TF) of 1. In contrast, Brassica effectively translocated the studied PTMs from its roots to the stem and leaves (except for Sr in the leaves). Furthermore, Pennisetum exclusively absorbed Zn from the soil into its leaves and stems, with an enrichment factor (EF) greater than 1. Brassica showed the ability to uptake the studied PTMs in its stem and leaves (except for Fe), while Tetraena primarily absorbed Sr and Zn into its stems. Based on the CF and TF results, Pennisetum appears to be a suitable species for phytostabilization of both Fe and Zn, while Brassica is well-suited for Sr and Zn polluted soils. Tetraena shows potential for Zn phytoremediation. These findings suggest that these plants are suitable for PTMs phytoextraction. Furthermore, based on the EF results, these plants can efficiently sequester PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Almehdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Elsiddig A E Elsheikh
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Y Abouleish
- Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Department, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed S Sheteiwy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarek M Galal
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
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Andrade GC, Santana BVN, Rinaldi MCS, Ferreira SO, da Silva RC, da Silva LC. Using native plants to evaluate urban metal pollution and appoint emission sources in the Brazilian Steel Valley region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33021-6. [PMID: 38607483 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In southeastern Brazil, the city of Ipatinga is inserted in the Steel Valley Metropolitan Region, which hosts the largest industrial complex for flat-steel production in Latin America, while also having one of the largest vehicle fleets in the entire country. Since potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are not emitted solely by industries, yet also by vehicular activity, the predominant emission source can be determined by evaluating the ratio between different elements, which are called technogenic tracers. We performed a biomonitoring assay using two tropical legumes, Paubrasilia echinata and Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya, aiming to assess chemical markers for the origin of emissions in the region, distinguishing between different anthropogenic sources. Plants were exposed for 90 days in four urban sites and in a neighboring park which served as reference. After the experimental period, plants were evaluated for trace-metal accumulation. L. ferrea var. leiostachya retained lower amounts of metals associated with vehicular and industrial emission. The opposite was found with P. echinata, a species which should be recommended for biomonitoring of air pollution as a bioaccumulator. Plants of P. echinata were enriched with Fe, Al, Ni, Cr, and Ba, whereas plants of L. ferrea var. leiostachya were enriched with Fe, Cu, and Co. In both species, Fe was the element with which plants were enriched the most. Plants showed highest iron enrichment at Bom Retiro, the site downwind to the steel industry, which has shown to be the main particle emission source in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Carvalho Andrade
- Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs S/N, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Brenda Vila Nova Santana
- Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs S/N, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Mirian Cilene Spasiani Rinaldi
- Research Center for Ecology, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Av. Miguel Stéfano 3687, Água Funda, Caixa Postal 68041, São Paulo, SP, 04045-972, Brazil
| | - Sukarno Olavo Ferreira
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Av. PH Rolfs S/N, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Renê Chagas da Silva
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Av. PH Rolfs S/N, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luzimar Campos da Silva
- Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs S/N, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Kumari K, Chakraborty S, Bauddh K. Assessment of plant ecological variability and heavy metal accumulation potential in naturally growing plant species of Pakhar bauxite mine site, Jharkhand, India. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140316. [PMID: 37793547 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Abandoned bauxite mine (ABM) soil generally contains an unacceptable number of heavy metals (HMs), causing several ecological and environmental issues. The present study was conducted with a similar objective to assess the HM accumulation potential of the naturally growing plant species from Pakhar ABM site. Vegetation communities were studied using quadrat methods for plant species at both ABM and the control site (near the ABM site). A total of 21 (9 at the ABM site and 12 at the control site) plant species were recorded in the present study belonging to 10 families. Vegetation study revealed that the dominant plant species were Ammophila arenaria and Lantana camara at ABM site and Lantana camara at the control site. The concentration of HMs in soil at the ABM site, were 66180.00 mg kg-1 Al, 62.20 mg kg-1 Cr, 22.60 mg kg-1 Cu, 346800.00 mg kg-1 Fe, 780.80 mg kg-1 Mn, and 39.80 mg kg-1 Zn while in the soil of site located nearby taken as the control showed 56500.00 mg kg-1 Al, 4.40 mg kg-1 Cu, 51120.00 mg kg-1 Fe, 58.20 mg kg-1 Mn, 13.00 mg kg-1 Zn. Ammophila arenaria, Miscanthus sinensis, Acacia drepanolobium and Rumex pulcher exhibited the highest metal accumulation at the ABM site, while Ocimum campechianum, Lantana camara, Panicum virgatum L., Euphorbia hirta and Holcus lanatus, Cerastium glomeratum thuill and Shorea robusta exhibited the highest metal accumulation at control site. Plant Lantana camara showed considerable TF values for Pb, Al and Fe, from the ABM soil while Shorea robusta showed high TF values for Al, Cu, Zn, and Fe from the control soil. The BAF for Cu, Mn and Zn from ABM soil were observed in Acacia drepanolobium whereas Cerastium glomeratum thuill exhibited maximum BAF values for Zn and Cu from control soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Kumari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835222, India
| | - Sukalyan Chakraborty
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India.
| | - Kuldeep Bauddh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835222, India.
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Gordanić SV, Kostić AŽ, Krstić Đ, Vuković S, Kilibarda S, Marković T, Moravčević Đ. A detailed survey of agroecological status of Allium ursinum across the republic of Serbia: Mineral composition and bioaccumulation potential. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22134. [PMID: 38034710 PMCID: PMC10685369 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the content of twenty-two biogenic elements (BEs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the soil and fresh Allium ursinum leaves from 43 different locations, in order to examine their bioaccumulation potential. Analyses of soil and plant material were carried out by using Inductively Coupled Plasma coupled with Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), a mercury analyzer (Hg), liquid chromatography (Cr), and AAS hybrid technique (As). The obtained results of the investigated elements were compared with the proposed limit values. The soil contamination factor (CF) as well as plant bioaccumulation factor (BAF) were calculated and the correlation analysis was performed. The results showed that the content of some BEs/PTEs in the soil were above the limit values, with two locations highly contaminated (CF > 6) with five (Cr(VI), Cu, Mn, Ni, V) and four (As, Co, Pb, V) elements. The content of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb in the leaves was higher than the permitted levels at some locations. The BAF was high (K, Ca, Zn, As), medium (Mg, Cu, B, Ni, Na, Pb), and low (Fe, Mn, Cr). The correlation between BEs/PTEs content in the leaves and soil was not significant, except for the following elements: Cd (0.37), Ca (0.34), As (0.36), Pb (0.30), and Na (0.25). The observed medium correlation suggested that the detected elements originated both from the atmosphere and the soil. Although A. ursinum at examined locations seemed to be mostly safe for consumption, a selective mechanism of adoption of certain BEs/PTEs requires continuous monitoring of their content in the future, to avoid quantities that can jeopardize human health through its consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan V. Gordanić
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research „dr J. Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Ž. Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđa Krstić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Vuković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Crop and Vegetable Production, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sofija Kilibarda
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Crop and Vegetable Production, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Marković
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research „dr J. Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Moravčević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Crop and Vegetable Production, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
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Sepúlveda B, Rojos S, Silva W, Sepúlveda B, Tume P, Pavez O. Uptake of Cu, Hg, and As in wild vegetation, associated to surface water in the Copiapó valley, before the 2015 alluvium. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:137-149. [PMID: 35593973 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In an annual monitoring in the Copiapó valley, the concentration of Cu, Hg, and As in sediments was related to environmental transfer processes, these elements also being present in surface water. The goal was to evaluate the uptake of the mentioned elements in wild plants of the Copiapó Valley, to determine if these species could be indicator plants to prevent environmental risks in local agriculture. From the same monitoring, the uptake of the elements was determined in wild plants growing near the irrigation channels; canopy of Tessaria absinthioides, Equisetum giganteum, Arundo donax, Melilotus indicus, Cortaderia rudiscula, and Sarcocornia neei was analyzed for the same elements. These plants were able to uptake Cu, Hg and As in concentration between 19 and 4674.5 times the environmental limits allowed for edible plants. This result shows that crop plants can also capture contaminants elements due to the frequency of irrigation. These plants can be used as indicators for the diagnosis of capture of the pollutants elements by plants and to prevent environmental hazards to human health in agricultural products from the Copiapó valley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Sepúlveda
- Centro Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Sustentable de Atacama (CRIDESAT), Universidad de Atacama, Av. Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Chile.
| | - Sebastián Rojos
- Centro Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Sustentable de Atacama (CRIDESAT), Universidad de Atacama, Av. Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Chile
| | - Washington Silva
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IDICTEC), Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | - Bruno Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | - Pedro Tume
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Osvaldo Pavez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
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Can Urban Grassland Plants Contribute to the Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196558. [PMID: 36235095 PMCID: PMC9572121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate whether the most common wild plant species of urban grassland can be used for phytoremediation of soils polluted with heavy metals. The study was conducted in the city of Varaždin, in northern Croatia. The content of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) was determined in soil samples as well as in unwashed and washed plant samples (Taraxacum officinale, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens). The results show that the most polluted site is the railway station, while most sites are polluted by road traffic. The soils are most enriched with Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd. The bioconcentration factors for all three plant species are <1, indicating the relatively low capacity of phytoextraction. A considerable amount of heavy metals is found in the dust deposited on the plant surface, which is confirmed by a statistically significant difference between washed and unwashed plant samples. In addition, the biomass of each plant species that can be removed (in t/ha year), the mass of specific heavy metal that can be removed (in kg/ha), and the years required for phytoremediation are reported. In conclusion, phytoremediation with only common plant species of urban grassland is not possible within a reasonable period of time.
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A Circular Economy Approach to Restoring Soil Substrate Ameliorated by Sewage Sludge with Amendments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095296. [PMID: 35564693 PMCID: PMC9103250 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the use of an artificial soil substrate in a mine waste reclamation area and its effect on plant metabolic functions. Research was conducted by determining the relationship between the plants’ biochemical features and the properties of plant growth medium derived from post-flotation coal waste, sewage sludge, crushed stone and fly ash on the surface of the mine waste disposal area. Trees and shrubs were established on the material and allowed to grow for eight years. The study determined that the applied plants and the naturally occurring Taraxacum officinale were suitable for physio-biochemical assessment, identification of derelict areas and reclamation purposes. An evaluation of a soil substrate applied to post-mining areas indicated that it was beneficial for plant growth since it activated the metabolic functions of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. The study showed that soil substrate can be targeted to improve plant stress tolerance to potentially toxic elements (PTEs). These data suggest the potential for growth and slower susceptible response to Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. It is possible that the constructed soil-substitute substrate (biosolid material) would be an effective reclamation treatment in areas where natural soil materials are polluted by PTEs. This observation may reflect a more efficient use of soil substrate released from the cycling of organic biogene pools, in accordance with the circular economy approach. In further studies related to land reclamation using sewage sludge amendments, it would be necessary to extend the research to other stress factors, such as salinity or water deficiency.
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Salinitro M, Zappi A, Casolari S, Locatelli M, Tassoni A, Melucci D. The Design of Experiment as a Tool to Model Plant Trace-Metal Bioindication Abilities. Molecules 2022; 27:1844. [PMID: 35335207 PMCID: PMC8954799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioindicator plants are species that have the capacity to linearly uptake some elements (metal and metalloids) from the growing substrate, thus reflecting their concentration in the soil. Many factors can influence the uptake of these elements by plants, among which is the simultaneous presence of several metals, a common situation in contaminated or natural soils. A novel approach that can be used to validate the bioindication ability of a species growing on a polymetallic substrate is the design of experiment (DoE) approach. The aim of the present study was to apply the DoE in full factorial mode to model the Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cr bioindication capacity of Polygonum aviculare, used as the model plant. The results showed that P. aviculare has the ability to bioindicate Cd and Cr with a linear uptake (from 0.35 to 6.66, and 0.1 to 3.4 mg kg-1, respectively) unaffected by the presence of other metals. Conversely, the uptake of Pb, Cu, and Zn is strongly influenced by the presence of all the studied metals, making their concentration in the plant shoot not proportional to that of the soil. In conclusion, these preliminary results confirmed that the DoE can be used to predict the bioindicator abilities of a plant for several elements at the same time and to evaluate the interactions that can be established between variables in the growing medium and in the plant itself. However, more studies including other plant species are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Salinitro
- Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Alessandro Zappi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Sonia Casolari
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Tassoni
- Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Dora Melucci
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (D.M.)
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Application of Biochar for the Restoration of Metal(loid)s Contaminated Soils. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biochar has recently aroused great interest for the restoration of contaminated soils since it improves soil properties and induces the immobilization of pollutants. This study evaluates the use of biochar from plant pruning, applied as an amendment, for immobilizing metal(loid)s in a highly contaminated soil as well as for reducing the phytotoxicity of these pollutants by promoting natural revegetation. For this purpose, a bioassay with Trifolium pratense L. was used to test the effectiveness of the soil amendment in greenhouse conditions. Three treatments were carried out including soil contaminated with metal(loid)s (RA), and this soil was amended with biochar at different dosage: 4% (RA4B) and 8% (RA8B). A non-contaminated soil (NC) from a nearby area not affected by contamination was used as a control. The results show that biochar increased soil pH by several units depending on the dose used, 8% being the most effective one. Biochar treatments also reduced soluble and bioavailable forms of Zn and Cu. Likewise, phytotoxicity was significantly reduced, promoting seed germination and biomass with plant growth values similar to the non-polluted soil. In light of the results obtained, the evaluation of the bioremediation potential of biochar under field conditions can be considered.
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Pescatore A, Grassi C, Rizzo AM, Orlandini S, Napoli M. Effects of biochar on berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum, L.) growth and heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) accumulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131986. [PMID: 34481173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Urban soil pollution by heavy metals (HMs) is a pressing problem in the development of urban agriculture (UA). In this context, the use of amendments, such as biochar, and phytoremediation are considered potentially cost-effective alternatives to conventional methods, and can be also combined to improve the remediation of soils from HMs. A pot experiment was performed to investigate the combined effect of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum, L.) and biochar amendment in remediating a sandy soil collected near a shooting range area co-contaminated with Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The biochar, obtained from a wood-chip gasifier fed with a mix of Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii, Mirb.) and Black Pine (Pinus nigra, J.F.Arnold) wood, was applied at two rates (0.8% and 1.6%, w/w). Eighteen weeks after sowing, all plants were harvested. The roots and aboveground tissues of the crops were separately collected and analyzed. The tested biochar effectively adsorbed the HMs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) from the soil. Biochar increased DW production of aboveground and root tissues. Moreover, biochar significantly reduced the concentration of Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the aboveground tissues of berseem clover, although a significant reduction was not detected for Cd and Zn. Results indicated that berseem clover was a Cr, Ni and Pb excluder. However, this species can be considered suitable for Cu phytoextraction and Cd and Zn phytostabilization of slightly polluted urban soil. Only the Cu levels in the aerial biomass were below the acceptable limit for use as fodder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pescatore
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Piazzale Delle Cascine 18, 50144, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Chiara Grassi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Piazzale Delle Cascine 18, 50144, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Andrea Maria Rizzo
- RE-CORD, Renewable Energy COnsortium for R&D, Viale Kennedy 182, 50038, Scarperia e San Piero, Florence, Italy.
| | - Simone Orlandini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Piazzale Delle Cascine 18, 50144, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Marco Napoli
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Piazzale Delle Cascine 18, 50144, Firenze, Italy.
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Romeh AA. Potential risks from the accumulation of heavy metals in canola plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:52529-52546. [PMID: 34014484 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14330-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural land near highways are a major concern for humans. This study was conducted to investigate the contamination level of heavy metals in soil, canola crop, and the potential health risk for honeybee and human. The average concentrations (mg/kg) of Co (15.94), Cr (169.66), Ni (55.39), Mn (765.34) Hg (2.99), and Cu (51.31) were elevated beyond their background reference values in world soil average, while Pb (9.45) was below to their respective background levels. This was confirmed by contamination factor (CF) and ecological risk factors (Er). Heavy metal concentrations in different parts of canola decreased in the following order: Fe> Mn > Cr > Pb > Co > Cu > Ni > Hg. Honey transfer factor (TFH) of heavy metals was less than unity except Ni and Hg. Human health (non-carcinogenic) risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil through potential exposure pathway (ingestion) recorded a dramatically increased risk for children (hazard index, HI=2.44). Hazard quotient via honey (HQH) consumption value of heavy metals were within the safe limits (HQ< 1). Probably, honeybees have a strong ability to transfer Co, Pb, Hg, and Mn (HQ> 1) from the canola to their hives during collecting pollen and nectar. HQ in honeybee workers from the consumption of honey can be used to derive HQ in humans using the hazard factor (HF). HF is 1481.482 (Pb), 2356.902 (Ni), and 3888.889 (Cr), respectively, for adult human (70kg) and 317.460 (Pb), 504.377(Ni), and 832.22 (Cr) for children (15kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Romeh
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Lisiak-Zielińska M, Borowiak K, Budka A, Kanclerz J, Janicka E, Kaczor A, Żyromski A, Biniak-Pieróg M, Podawca K, Mleczek M, Niedzielski P. How polluted are cities in central Europe? - Heavy metal contamination in Taraxacum officinale and soils collected from different land use areas of three representative cities. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129113. [PMID: 33310525 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The level of environmental contamination can vary according to different types of land use. The aim of the present study was to determine the relations among Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr content in plants (Taraxacum officinale) and soils for 10 types of land use in the urban areas of representative cities for central Europe region (Warsaw, Poznan and Wroclaw in Poland). Descriptive statistical analysis, as well as cluster analysis and principal component analysis, heatmaps and Andrews curves, was performed to identify relations between HMs and land use, as well as differences between particular cities. The investigations revealed variation among sites, plant organs and cities. The content (mg kg-1 DW) in soils, roots and leaves for Cd varied between 0.4 and 3.6, 0.4-2.8 and 0.5-3.9, Cr ranged between 23.2 and 40.6, 14.0-26.1 and 15.8-24.8, Ni varied between 2.1 and 13.2, 0.2-42.1 and 0.0-3.9, while Pb varied between 27.0 and 231.5, 4.3-34.2 and 3.0-9.5, respectively. It was possible to note some tendencies. Nickel was the element with the highest content in the roots (up to 42.1 mg kg-1 DW) in comparison to leaves and soils and the highest bioaccumulation factor (up to 15.0). This means that the main source of Ni might be contamination of the soil. The cluster analysis of standardized HM levels in leaves revealed that cadmium is a different from the other three elements, which might be related to the translocation factor, for which this element was found to have the highest levels at many sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lisiak-Zielińska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94C, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Klaudia Borowiak
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94C, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Budka
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Kanclerz
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94E, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Janicka
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94E, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Kaczor
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94E, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Żyromski
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Development, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Biniak-Pieróg
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Development, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Konrad Podawca
- Department of Remote Sensing and Environmental Assessment, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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Hosseini NS, Sobhanardakani S, Cheraghi M, Lorestani B, Merrikhpour H. Heavy metal concentrations in roadside plants (Achillea wilhelmsii and Cardaria draba) and soils along some highways in Hamedan, west of Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13301-13314. [PMID: 32020453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to analyze the effects of traffic volumes on Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn contents in roadside soils and in two dominant herbaceous species (Achillea wilhelmsii and Cardaria draba) along highways and to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of these elements and their accumulation by the aerial parts and roots of these herbaceous species. The plant samples were collected along 700 m of a 9-km segment of each of the three major highways in Hamedan Province (West Iran) with different traffic volumes: Hamedan-Goltapeh (HG), Hamedan-Razan (HR), and Hamedan-Kermanshah (HK). The results indicated that the mean contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn in the soil samples were 0.26, 18.74, 14.98, 18.21, and 62.25 mg kg-1, respectively. Furthermore, the mean contents of elements (mg kg-1) in aerial parts of A. wilhelmsii were 0.16 for Cd, 4.52 for Cu, 1.91 for Pb, 1.70 for Ni, and 44.80 for Zn, while in the aerial part samples of C. draba, the concentrations (mg kg-1) and the mean contents were 0.16, 2.29, 2.58, 1.60, and 31.29, respectively. This meant that the traffic volume affected the contents of the metals in the soil and the herbaceous species. The metal content in herbaceous tissues varied significantly between plant species. A. wilhelmsii tended to accumulate the metals in the roots while C. draba retained them mostly in the aerial parts. The significant positive correlations of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn content in root and aerial parts of the herbaceous plant with those found in the soil samples showed the potential of the studied species for application in biomonitoring studies. Comprehensive analysis (effect of traffic volumes and relationships between the content of elements in plant tissues and soil samples) indicated that Cu in both herbaceous plants was mainly derived from soil, while A. wilhelmsii absorbed Cd and C. draba absorbed Zn mainly through the stomata from atmospheric depositions. Without considering atmospheric depositions due to intense traffic volumes, in A. wilhelmsii, the translocation factor (TF) values of Cu and Zn were 1.06 and 1.44, respectively and in C. draba, the TF values of Cd, Cu, and Pb were 1.06, 1.09, and 1.13, respectively, thus suggesting that both herbaceous species had high potentials for transferring metals from the roots to aerial parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayereh Sadat Hosseini
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Soheil Sobhanardakani
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Cheraghi
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Lorestani
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Hajar Merrikhpour
- Department of Agriculture, Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, Iran
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Nitric Oxide Enhances Cytotoxicity of Lead by Modulating the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Is Involved in the Regulation of Pb 2+ and Ca 2+ Fluxes in Tobacco BY-2 Cells. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100403. [PMID: 31600951 PMCID: PMC6843202 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lead is a heavy metal known to be toxic to both animals and plants. Nitric oxide (NO) was reported to participate in plant responses to different heavy metal stresses. In this study, we analyzed the function of exogenous and endogenous NO in Pb-induced toxicity in tobacco BY-2 cells, focusing on the role of NO in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as Pb2+ and Ca2+ fluxes using non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT). Pb treatment induced BY-2 cell death and rapid NO and ROS generation, while NO burst occurred earlier than ROS accumulation. The elimination of NO by 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO) resulted in a decrease of ROS, and the supplementation of NO by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) caused an increased accumulation of ROS. Furthermore, the addition of exogenous NO stimulated Pb2+ influx, thus promoting Pb uptake in cells and aggravating Pb-induced toxicity in cells, whereas the removal of endogenous NO produced the opposite effect. Moreover, we also found that both exogenous and endogenous NO enhanced Pb-induced Ca2+ effluxes and calcium homeostasis disorder. These results suggest that exogenous and endogenous NO played a critical regulatory role in BY-2 cell death induced by Pb stress by promoting Pb2+ influx and accumulation and disturbing calcium homeostasis.
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Salinitro M, Tassoni A, Casolari S, de Laurentiis F, Zappi A, Melucci D. Heavy Metals Bioindication Potential of the Common Weeds Senecio vulgaris L., Polygonum aviculare L. and Poa annua L. Molecules 2019; 24:E2813. [PMID: 31374997 PMCID: PMC6695659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, heavy metals (HMs) levels in soil and vegetation have increased considerably due to traffic pollution. These pollutants can be taken up from the soil through the root system. The ability of plants to accumulate HMs into their tissues can therefore be used to monitor soil pollution. The aim of this study was to test the ruderal species Senecio vulgaris L., Polygonum aviculare L., and Poa annua L., as possible candidates for biomonitoring Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in multiple environments. The soils analyzed in this work came from three different environments (urban, woodland, and ultramafic), and therefore deeply differed for their metal content, texture, pH, and organic matter (OM) content. All urban soils were characterized by high OM content and presence of anthropogenic metals like Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu. Woodland soils were sandy and characterized by low metal content and low OM content, and ultramafic soils had high Ni and Cr content. This soil variability affected the bioindication properties of the three studied species, leading to the exclusion of most metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Pb) and one species (P. aviculare) due to the lack of linear relations between metal in soil and metal in plants. Senecio vulgaris and Poa annua, conversely, appeared to be good indicators of Ni in all the soils tested. A high linear correlation between total Ni in soil and Ni concentration in P. annua shoots (R2 = 0.78) was found and similar results were achieved for S. vulgaris (R2 = 0.88).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Salinitro
- Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tassoni
- Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Casolari
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco de Laurentiis
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zappi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Dora Melucci
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Betsou C, Tsakiri E, Kazakis N, Vasilev A, Frontasyeva M, Ioannidou A. Atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Greece using moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. as biomonitors. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Almehdi A, El-Keblawy A, Shehadi I, El-Naggar M, Saadoun I, Mosa KA, Abhilash PC. Old leaves accumulate more heavy metals than other parts of the desert shrub Calotropis procera at a traffic-polluted site as assessed by two analytical techniques. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:1254-1262. [PMID: 31134813 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1619164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calotropis procera is a perennial big shrub that has the potential to accumulate high concentrations of heavy metals. Metal sequestration in old organs has been considered as a mechanism for plant survival in polluted soils. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of the old leaves as a sink for HMs accumulation in C. procera. Two instruments were used: atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscopy. Soil and plant samples were collected from around one of the worst congested traffic areas in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Samples from roots, stem, and green and old leaves were prepared and analyzed by both instruments. Calotropis procera was able to concentrate Fe, Mn, Sr, and Zn in the roots, but their translocation to stem and green leaves was low. Old leaves had greater ability to accumulate significantly higher concentrations of different metals, especially Fe and Sr, than other parts of the plants, indicating that C. procera uses these metabolically less-active leaves as sinks for heavy metals. Fe and Sr attained higher bioconcentration and accumulation values, compared to Zn and Mn. There were significant positive correlations between XRF and AAS for all elements in the different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Almehdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah , Sharjah , UAE
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah , Sharjah , UAE
| | - Ihsan Shehadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah , Sharjah , UAE
| | - Mohamed El-Naggar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah , Sharjah , UAE
| | - Ismail Saadoun
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah , Sharjah , UAE
| | - Kareem A Mosa
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah , Sharjah , UAE
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Jeddi K, Chaieb M. Evaluation of the potential of Erodium glaucophyllum L. for phytoremediation of metal-polluted arid soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:36636-36644. [PMID: 30377962 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed at studying pollution of traffic-related heavy metals (HMs) in roadside soils and their uptake by the Mediterranean native species Erodium glaucophyllum L., growing along Gabès-El Hamma highway, Gabès (Tunisia). Here, heavy metals were analyzed in soils and in plant roots and shoots along different distances from the highway edge. High levels of all the investigated soil trace elements were found in samples collected at 15 m distance from the highway. Overall, HM concentrations in the below- and aboveground part of E. glaucophyllum showed significant decreases with increasing distance from the highway. The lowest values were recorded at 150 m. Biological concentration factor (BCF) and mobility ratio (MR) of all investigated heavy metals were > 1 at all distances from the highway, except for Mn and Cu. High values of BCF and MR for Zn indicate that E. glaucophyllum has an excellent potential for the assimilation of this element from the soil. In addition, the higher translocation factors (TF) of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Fe in E. glaucophyllum shoots make it suitable for their phytoextraction from soil, while the lower TF for Mn and Cu make this plant convenient for their phytostabilization. Moreover, the significant positive correlations of Mn, Pb, Cu, and Zn in soil and Erodium organs may suggest its potential use as biomonitor of these trace elements. According to these results, E. glaucophyllum seems to be valued as an efficient native species for in situ phytoremediation program on traffic metal-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Jeddi
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, B.P. 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Gabès, Zrig, 6072, Gabes, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Chaieb
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, B.P. 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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Shahbaz AK, Iqbal M, Jabbar A, Hussain S, Ibrahim M. Assessment of nickel bioavailability through chemical extractants and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) in an amended soil: Related changes in various parameters of red clover. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 149:116-127. [PMID: 29156303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Application of immobilizing agents may efficiently reduce the bioavailability of nickel (Ni) in the soil. Here we report the effect of biochar (BC), gravel sludge (GS) and zeolite (ZE) as a sole treatment and their combinations on the bioavailability of Ni after their application into a Ni-polluted soil. The bioavailability of Ni after the application of immobilizing agents was assessed through an indicator plant (red clover) and chemical indicators of bioavailability like soil water extract (SWE), DTPA and Ca(NO3)2 extracts. Additionally, the effects of Ni bioavailability and immobilizing agents on the growth, physiological and biochemical attributes of red clover were also observed. Application of ZE significantly reduced Ni concentrations in all chemical extracts compared to rest of the treatments. Similarly, the combined application of BC and ZE (BC+ ZE) significantly reduced Ni concentrations, reactive oxygen species (ROS) whereas, significant enhancement in the growth, physiological and biochemical attributes along with an improvement in antioxidant defence machinery of red clover plant, compared to rest of the treatments, were observed. Furthermore, BC+ ZE treatment significantly reduced bioconcentration factor (BCF) and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of Ni in red clover, compared to rest of the treatments. The Ni concentrations in red clover leaves individually reflected a good correlation with Ni concentrations in the extracts (SWE at R2=0.79, DTPA extract at R2=0.84 and Ca(NO3)2 extracts at R2=0.86). Our results indicate that combined application of ZE and BC can significantly reduce the Ni bioavailability in the soil while in parallel improve the antioxidant defence mechanism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khan Shahbaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Fröhlichová A, Száková J, Najmanová J, Tlustoš P. An assessment of the risk of element contamination of urban and industrial areas using Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia as a bioindicator. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:150. [PMID: 29460055 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Central Bohemia (Czech Republic) has highly developed industry and a dense rail network. Here, we aimed to determine the content of risk elements in dandelion plants (Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia) growing near train stations, industrial enterprises, and in the city parks of 16 cities in the Central Bohemian region. The highest element contents in the soils were found in industrial areas affected by the historical mining and smelting activities; contemporary industry showed no substantial effect on the soil element contents. The median values of element contents (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) at the railway station sites were the highest among the monitored sites, where the differences between park and station sites were significant for Be, Co, and Zn. Although the intensity of the traffic at the individual stations differed, we found that long-term regular traffic enhanced the element contents in the soils and, subsequently, in the plants. For Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, V, and Zn, the highest median element contents were found in plant roots, regardless of the sampling site. For Cd and Zn, the contents in leaves were higher than in the inflorescences, and the opposite pattern was recorded for Co and Cu. As and Be were distributed equally among the plant parts. Among the sampling sites, the As, Be, Cd, Zn, and Pb contents in the plant roots tended to have higher median values at the station sites, confirming the results of our soil analyses. We detected a fairly good correlation between soil and plant content for cadmium, regardless of the sampling site, soil element content, or analyzed part of the plant. Thus, we propose that dandelion is a suitable bioindicator of cadmium pollution of soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Fröhlichová
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Száková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Najmanová
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Mleiki A, Marigómez I, El Menif NT. Green garden snail, Cantareus apertus, as biomonitor and sentinel for integrative metal pollution assessment in roadside soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24644-24656. [PMID: 28913719 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was conceived to study, in a small scale field study, the potential of the green garden snail, Cantareus apertus, as biomonitor and sentinel for integrative metal pollution assessment in soils. For this purpose, we investigated the association between the trace metal (Cd, Pb, As, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) concentrations in soil, plants (Trifolium repens), and C. apertus depending on the distance (20, 150, and 700 m) from a main roadside in Tunisia as well as between metal concentrations and biomarkers of oxidative stress, oxidative damage, and neurotoxicity in C. apertus. Results revealed a clear association between the concentration of metals such as Ni, Cu, and Zn in snail digestive gland, both amongst them and with oxidative stress and neurotoxicity biomarkers recorded in the same organ. Interestingly, Ni, Pb, and Zn occurred at the highest concentration in soil, plant, and snails and the association appeared related to the immediacy of the roadside and the concentration of these three metals tended to decrease with distance from the roadside in the soil-plant-snail system. Conversely, Cd and Cu were bioaccumulated in plants and snails but their concentrations in soil were not high and did not show a decline in concentration with distance from the roadside. After PCA analysis, PC-01 (56% of the variance) represented metal bioaccumulation and associated toxic effects in snails in the presence of high levels of metal pollution (nearby the roadside) while PC-02 (35% of the variance) represented stress induced by moderate levels of metal pollution (at intermediate distances from the roadside). The four studied sites were clearly discriminated one from each other, depending on how they are affected by traffic pollution. In summary, this field study reveals that (a) C. apertus can be used as biomonitor for metal pollution in roadside soils and as sentinel for pollution effects assessment based on biochemical biomarkers; and (b) that oxidative stress and neurotoxicity biomarkers endow with a powerful biological tool for metal pollution biomonitoring in soils, especially in combination with chemical analysis of the soil-plant-snail transfer system. Moreover, this study provides some baseline data for future impact assessments concerning trace metal pollution in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Mleiki
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, 7021, Bizerta, Tunisia
| | - Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza w/n, E-48620, Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
- CBET Research Group, BERRILUR Research Consortium, Zoology & Cell Biology Dept. (Science and Technology Faculty), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena w/n, E-48940, Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Najoua Trigui El Menif
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, 7021, Bizerta, Tunisia
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Trifonova TA, Alkhutova EY. Phytomass change in natural phytocenosis as an indicator of technogenic pollution of soils with heavy metals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:1209-1220. [PMID: 27257749 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1193469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study considered the possibility of using plant community phytomass for the assessment of soil pollution with heavy metals (HM) from industrial wastes. The three-year-long field experiment was run under the regional natural meadow vegetation; the polymetallic galvanic slime was used as an industrial waste contaminant. It is shown that soil contamination primarily causes decrease of phytomass in the growing phytocenosis. The vegetation experiments determined nonlinear dependence of cultivated and wild plant biomass on the level of soil contamination; it is described by the equations of logistic and Gaussian regression. In the absence of permanent contaminants, the soil is self-cleaned over time. It reproduces phytomass mainly due to the productivity increase of the most pollution-tolerant species in the remaining phytocenosis. This phenomenon is defined as environmental hysteresis. Soil pollution by industrial waste leads to the loss of plant biodiversity. The research shows that the study of the HM impact on ecosystems is expedient given the consideration of the "soil-phytocenosis-pollutant" complex in the "dose-response" aspect. The reaction of phytocenosis on HM showing decline in phytomass leads to serious limitations in the choice of accumulating plants, because the adsorbed HM are rejected through phytomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Trifonova
- a Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Ekaterina Y Alkhutova
- b Faculty of Chemistry and Ecology, A. G. and N. G. Stoletovs Vladimir State University , Vladimir , Russia
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Phytoremediation Opportunities with Alimurgic Species in Metal-Contaminated Environments. SUSTAINABILITY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/su8040357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dogan I, Ozyigit II, Tombuloglu G, Sakcali MS, Tombuloglu H. Assessment of Cd-induced genotoxic damage inUrtica piluliferaL. using RAPD-PCR analysis. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1115371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Pei N, Chen B, Liu S. Pb and Cd Contents in Soil, Water, and Trees at an Afforestation Site, South China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 95:632-637. [PMID: 26242803 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pb and Cd contents in 13 plantation tree species (leaf and branch components), soil, water (groundwater and river water) at a young (3-5 year-old) seashore afforestation stand were investigated in Nansha district, Guangzhou city in southern China. The results showed that (1) soil, rather than water or trees, had the highest content of both Pb (averagely 48.79 mg/kg) and Cd (0.50 mg/kg), demonstrating that soil might function as a major reservoir for extraneously derived heavy metals; (2) Pb content was higher in branches than in leaves, but Cd content appeared similar in both components, implying possibly different accumulation mechanisms in trees; (3) Pb and Cd appeared to accumulate differently among some tree taxa, whereas almost no significant difference was detected between introduced and indigenous species. The study indicated that trees were potentially useful to remediate sites contaminated with Pb and Cd in the urbanized areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancai Pei
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Bufeng Chen
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China.
| | - Shuguang Liu
- US Geological Survey (USGS), National Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS), Sioux Falls, SD, 57198, USA
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Baderna D, Lomazzi E, Pogliaghi A, Ciaccia G, Lodi M, Benfenati E. Acute phytotoxicity of seven metals alone and in mixture: Are Italian soil threshold concentrations suitable for plant protection? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 140:102-111. [PMID: 25841179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Metals can pollute soils in both urban and rural areas with severe impacts on the health of humans, plants and animals living there. Information on metal toxicity is therefore important for ecotoxicology. This study investigated the phytotoxicity of different metals frequently found as pollutants in soils: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, nickel and zinc. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum) and cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds were used as models for other plants used in human nutrition such as cereals, rice, fruits and vegetables. The 72-h germination rate and root elongations were selected as short-term ecotoxicological endpoints in seeds exposed to single metals and mixtures. Metals were spiked onto OECD standard soils in concentrations comparable to current Italian contamination threshold concentrations for residential and commercial soils. Arsenic, chromium, mercury and nickel were the most toxic metals in our experimental conditions, particularly to cress seeds (5.172, 152 and 255.4 mg/kg as 72 h IC50 for arsenic, mercury and nickel respectively). Italian limits were acceptable for plant protection only for exposure to each metal alone but not for the mixtures containing all the metals concentrations expected by their respective legislative threshold. The effects of the mixture were class-specific: trends were comparable in dicots but different in monocots. The response induced by the mixture at high concentrations differed from that theoretically obtainable by summing the effects of the individual metals. This might be due to partial antagonism of the metals in soil or to the formation of complexes between the metals, which reduce the bioavailability of the pollutants for plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Baderna
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Lomazzi
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Pogliaghi
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciaccia
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Lodi
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
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Nadgórska-Socha A, Kandziora-Ciupa M, Ciepał R. Element accumulation, distribution, and phytoremediation potential in selected metallophytes growing in a contaminated area. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:441. [PMID: 26088758 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of elements in three pseudometallophytes species Cardaminopsis arenosa, Plantago lanceolata, and Plantago major, naturally occurring at metalliferous and non-metalliferous sites in southern Poland, was investigated. The accumulation of Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, as well as Ca, P, Na, and K in shoots and roots was measured. The level of the accumulated trace elements (ATE) was visibly higher in C. arenosa and P. lanceolata from metalliferous sites than non-contaminated ones. However, the level of the accumulated nutrient elements (ANE) was visibly higher only in C. arenosa plants. Also, higher potassium share in ANE was found in the shoots of C. arenosa and Plantago species from metalliferous sites than non-contaminated ones. The highest content of Cd, Zn, Pb, Al, Fe, and Mn was found in C. arenosa, which better reflected metal concentrations in the metalliferous and non-metalliferous soil than other plants. In the studied Plantago species, in almost all cases in all sites TF (translocation coefficient) and MR (mobility ratio) were below 1, which indicates they use the excluder strategy. The best accumulation ability was found for C. arenosa. The higher translocation coefficients (TF > 1) for Zn and Cd in C. arenosa shoots make it suitable for phytoextraction from soil, while the lower translocation ratios (TF < 1) for Zn and Cd in Plantago species and also for Pb in C. arenosa make them suitable for phytostabilization. Almost in all cases the plants had enrichment coefficient >2, which suggested that they may act as indicators of the soil metal contamination.
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Defo C, Yerima BPK, Noumsi IMK, Bemmo N. Assessment of heavy metals in soils and groundwater in an urban watershed of Yaoundé (Cameroon-West Africa). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:77. [PMID: 25648762 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the heavy metals concentrations in soils and groundwater within the Ntem watershed in Yaoundé, to prevent the risk on the public health. Soils investigated were sampled in five (05) representative profiles at the surface and the bottom of the unsaturated zone of each profile. Soil samples were air-dried and ground to pass through a 2-mm sieve, and different soil extracts were prepared for chemical analysis (organic matter, cation exchange capacity and pH). By soil digestion method with diacid, total Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni were extracted and determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Representative groundwater samples were also collected directly from some soil profiles and analysed using AAS instrument after filtration. Average metals concentrations in groundwater were higher than those of the World Health Organisation (WHO) norms. Besides, the geo-accumulation indices (Igeo) were ranged between zero and one (0 < Igeo < 1) for Pb (0.13-0.19), Cr (0.13-0.16) and Ni (0.09-0.11), indicating that the soils are contaminated by these metals, except Cd (Igeo < 0) in the whole watershed. Gleysols (Mollic (Igeo = 0.18) and Plenthic (Igeo = 0.16)) were found more contaminated than Ferralsols (Igeo = 0.15). Regardless of the sampling stations, soils were typified polluted by metals (pollution index (PI) > 1), except Cd (PI < 1). The integrated pollution index (IPI) values were ranged in descending order for soil pollution level as follows: Mollic Gleysols (3.47-4.94) > Plenthic Gleysol (1.89) > Xanthic Ferralsol (1.79) > Rhodic Ferralsol (1.69). The soils and groundwater pollution observed may be a severe threat for the public health in this watershed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célestin Defo
- Water Resources Management Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Dschang, PO Box 222, Dschang, Cameroon,
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Boshoff M, De Jonge M, Scheifler R, Bervoets L. Predicting As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn levels in grasses (Agrostis sp. and Poa sp.) and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) applying soil-plant transfer models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 493:862-871. [PMID: 25000582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to derive regression-based soil-plant models to predict and compare metal(loid) (i.e. As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) concentrations in plants (grass Agrostis sp./Poa sp. and nettle Urtica dioica L.) among sites with a wide range of metal pollution and a wide variation in soil properties. Regression models were based on the pseudo total (aqua-regia) and exchangeable (0.01 M CaCl2) soil metal concentrations. Plant metal concentrations were best explained by the pseudo total soil metal concentrations in combination with soil properties. The most important soil property that influenced U. dioica metal concentrations was the clay content, while for grass organic matter (OM) and pH affected the As (OM) and Cu and Zn (pH). In this study multiple linear regression models proved functional in predicting metal accumulation in plants on a regional scale. With the proposed models based on the pseudo total metal concentration, the percentage of variation explained for the metals As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were 0.56%, 0.47%, 0.59%, 0.61%, 0.30% in nettle and 0.46%, 0.38%, 0.27%, 0.50%, 0.28% in grass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Boshoff
- Laboratory of Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Maarten De Jonge
- Laboratory of Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Renaud Scheifler
- Chrono-Environment, UMR 6249 University of Franche-Comté/CNRS Usc INRA, Place Leclerc, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Lieven Bervoets
- Laboratory of Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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Gerdol R, Marchesini R, Iacumin P, Brancaleoni L. Monitoring temporal trends of air pollution in an urban area using mosses and lichens as biomonitors. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 108:388-395. [PMID: 24630254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring air quality by using living organisms as biomonitors has received increasing attention in recent years. However, rather few studies were based on the concomitant use of passive biomonitoring (based on the different sensitivity of living organisms to air pollution) and active biomonitoring (based on their capacity to accumulate pollutants in the tissues). We carried out a repeated survey of an urban area in Northern Italy, with the objective of comparing temporal trends of different kinds of air pollutants with bioindication (passive biomonitoring) and bioaccumulation (active biomonitoring) techniques. During a five-year interval, temporal patterns of moss metal concentrations underwent significant changes probably due to intercurring variations in the importance of different pollution sources. Nitrogen (N) concentration in moss tissues also decreased and was paralleled by increasing diversity of epiphytic lichens. Increasing δ(15)N in moss tissues suggested a higher contribution of oxidized N species compared with reduced N species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d'Este 32, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Roberta Marchesini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d'Este 32, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Iacumin
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Lisa Brancaleoni
- Botanical Garden, University of Ferrara, Corso Porta Mare 2, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Baderna D, Colombo A, Romeo M, Cambria F, Teoldi F, Lodi M, Diomede L, Benfenati E. Soil quality in the Lomellina area using in vitro models and ecotoxicological assays. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 133:220-231. [PMID: 24968084 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil quality is traditionally evaluated by chemical characterization to determine levels of pollutants. Biological tools are now employed for soil monitoring since they can take account of the global biological effects induced by all xenobiotics. A combined monitoring of soils based on chemical analyses, human-related in vitro models and ecotoxicological assay was applied in the Lomellina, a semirural area of northern Italy. Chemical characterization indicated overall good quality of the soils, with low levels of toxic and carcinogenic pollutants such as heavy metals, PAHs, PCDD/Fs and PCBs. HepG2 cells were used as a model for the human liver and BALB/c 3T3 cells to evaluate carcinogenic potential. Cells were treated with soil extractable organic matter (EOM) and the MTS assay, DNA release and morphological transformation were selected as endpoints for toxicity and carcinogenicity. Soil EOMs induced dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth at low doses and cytotoxicity only at doses of 500 and 1000 mg soil equivalents/ml. Potential issues for human health can be hypothesized after ingestion of soil samples from some sites. No statistically significant inductions of foci were recorded after exposure to EOMs, indicating that the levels of the soil-extracted organic pollutants were too low to induce carcinogenesis in our experimental conditions. An acute phytotoxicity test and studies on Caenorhabditis elegans were used as ecotoxicological assays for plants and small invertebrates. No significant alerts for ecotoxicity were found. In this proposed case study, HepG2 cells detected differences in the toxicity of soil EOMs, indicating that this cell line could be appropriate to assess the potential harm caused by the ingestion of contaminated soil. Additional information on the carcinogenic potential of mixtures was provided by the cell transformation assay, strengthening the combined approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Baderna
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Colombo
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Romeo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Felice Cambria
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Teoldi
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Lodi
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Diomede
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
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Soodan RK, Pakade YB, Nagpal A, Katnoria JK. Analytical techniques for estimation of heavy metals in soil ecosystem: A tabulated review. Talanta 2014; 125:405-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Neagoe A, Stancu P, Nicoară A, Onete M, Bodescu F, Gheorghe R, Iordache V. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Agrostis capillaris grown on amended mine tailing substrate at pot, lysimeter, and field plot scales. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 21:6859-6876. [PMID: 23821250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Applied research programs in the remediation of contaminated areas can be used also for gaining insights in the physiological and ecological mechanisms supporting the resistance of plant communities in stress conditions due to toxic elements. The research hypothesis of this study was that in the heavily contaminated but nutrient-poor substrate of mine tailing dams, the beneficial effect of inoculation with arbuscular mychorrizal fungi (AMF) is due to an improvement of phosphorus nutrition rather than to a reduction of toxic element transfer to plants. A concept model assuming a causal chain from root colonization to element uptake, oxidative stress variables, and overall plant development was used. The methodological novelty lies in coupling in a single research program experiments conducted at three scales: pot, lysimeter, and field plot, with different ages of plants at the sampling moment (six subsets of samples in all). The inoculation with AMF in expanded clay carrier had a beneficial effect on the development of plants in the amended tailing substrate heavily contaminated with toxic elements. The effect of inoculation was stronger when the quantity of expanded carrier was smaller (1 % vs. 7 % inoculum), probably because of changes in substrate features. The improvement of plant growth was due mainly to an improvement in phosphorus nutrition leading to an increase of protein concentration and decrease of oxidative stress enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase). In a single data subset, an effect of inoculation on the uptake of several toxic elements could be proved (decrease of As concentration in plant roots correlated with a decrease of oxidative stress independent from the effect of P concentration increase). The multi-scale approach allowed us to find differences between the patterns characterising the data subsets. These subset-specific patterns point out the existence of physiological differences between plants in different development states (as a result of sampling at different plant ages). From an applied perspective, conclusions are drawn with respect to the use of plants in the monitoring programs of contaminated areas and the use of inoculation with AMF in the remediation of tailing dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Neagoe
- Research Centre for Ecological Services (CESEC), Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 91-95, Bucharest, Romania,
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Senila M, Levei EA, Senila LR. Assessment of metals bioavailability to vegetables under field conditions using DGT, single extractions and multivariate statistics. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:119. [PMID: 23079133 PMCID: PMC3537652 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The metals bioavailability in soils is commonly assessed by chemical extractions; however a generally accepted method is not yet established. In this study, the effectiveness of Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) technique and single extractions in the assessment of metals bioaccumulation in vegetables, and the influence of soil parameters on phytoavailability were evaluated using multivariate statistics. Soil and plants grown in vegetable gardens from mining-affected rural areas, NW Romania, were collected and analysed. Results Pseudo-total metal content of Cu, Zn and Cd in soil ranged between 17.3-146 mg kg-1, 141–833 mg kg-1 and 0.15-2.05 mg kg-1, respectively, showing enriched contents of these elements. High degrees of metals extractability in 1M HCl and even in 1M NH4Cl were observed. Despite the relatively high total metal concentrations in soil, those found in vegetables were comparable to values typically reported for agricultural crops, probably due to the low concentrations of metals in soil solution (Csoln) and low effective concentrations (CE), assessed by DGT technique. Among the analysed vegetables, the highest metal concentrations were found in carrots roots. By applying multivariate statistics, it was found that CE, Csoln and extraction in 1M NH4Cl, were better predictors for metals bioavailability than the acid extractions applied in this study. Copper transfer to vegetables was strongly influenced by soil organic carbon (OC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC), while pH had a higher influence on Cd transfer from soil to plants. Conclusions The results showed that DGT can be used for general evaluation of the risks associated to soil contamination with Cu, Zn and Cd in field conditions. Although quantitative information on metals transfer from soil to vegetables was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Senila
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, ICIA, 67 Donath, 400293, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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