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Lin ZR, Bao MY, Xiong HM, Cao D, Bai LP, Zhang W, Chen CY, Jiang ZH, Zhu GY. Boswellianols A-I, Structurally Diverse Diterpenoids from the Oleo-Gum Resin of Boswellia carterii and Their TGF- β Inhibition Activity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1074. [PMID: 38674483 PMCID: PMC11054202 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Olibanum, a golden oleo-gum resin from species in the Boswellia genus (Burseraceae family), is a famous traditional herbal medicine widely used around the world. Previous phytochemical studies mainly focused on the non-polar fractions of olibanum. In this study, nine novel diterpenoids, boswellianols A-I (1-9), and three known compounds were isolated from the polar methanolic fraction of the oleo-gum resin of Boswellia carterii. Their structures were determined through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis as well as experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data comparison. Compound 1 is a novel diterpenoid possessing an undescribed prenylmaaliane-type skeleton with a 6/6/3 tricyclic system. Compounds 2-4 were unusual prenylaromadendrane-type diterpenoids, and compounds 5-9 were new highly oxidized cembrane-type diterpenoids. Compounds 1 and 5 showed significant transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) inhibitory activity via inhibiting the TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 and the expression of fibronectin and N-cadherin (the biomarker of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition) in a dose-dependent manner in LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells, indicating that compounds 1 and 5 should be potential anti-fibrosis agents. These findings give a new insight into the chemical constituents of the polar fraction of olibanum and their inhibitory activities on the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Rong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Meng-Yu Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hao-Ming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Dai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Cheng-Yu Chen
- Jiaheng Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China;
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Guo-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (Z.-R.L.); (M.-Y.B.); (H.-M.X.); (D.C.); (L.-P.B.); (W.Z.)
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Kosolapov D, Jáč P, Riasová P, Poušková J, Polášek M, Nováková L. Advances and Challenges in the Analysis of Boswellic Acids by Separation Methods. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-27. [PMID: 38462842 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2312502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Boswellia resin is an exudate from the cut bark of Boswellia trees. The main constituents of pharmacological interest are boswellic acids (pentacyclic triterpenoids), namely α-boswellic acid, β-boswellic acid, 3-O-acetyl-α-boswellic acid, 3-O-acetyl-β-boswellic acid, 11-keto-β-boswellic acid, and 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid. Nowadays, dietary supplements with Boswellia serrata extract are used in the treatment of inflammatory joint diseases. Additionally, the constituents of Boswellia resin have shown potential for the treatment of other chronic inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer. Separation methods including ultra/high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin layer chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography coupled with UV or MS detection have been used for the determination of boswellic acids in various matrices (mostly plant material and biological samples). This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of these separation methods, offering a critical discussion of their strengths and limitations in the analysis of boswellic acids. The knowledge of various separation methods plays a pivotal role in the quality control of herbal dietary supplements and the monitoring of the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of their constituents. The approaches based on metabolomics and network pharmacology represent new ways of fingerprinting secondary metabolites in Boswellia resin increasing the comprehensiveness of the output of these methods resulting in safer dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Kosolapov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jáč
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Riasová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Poušková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Polášek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Cometa S, Busto F, Castellaneta A, Cochis A, Najmi Z, Rizzi R, Losito I, De Giglio E. Development, Analytical Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Boswellia serrata Extract-Layered Double Hydroxide Hybrid Composites. Molecules 2023; 28:6449. [PMID: 37764225 PMCID: PMC10537998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Boswellia serrata Roxb. extract (BSE), rich in boswellic acids, is well known as a potent anti-inflammatory natural drug. However, due to its limited aqueous solubility, BSE inclusion into an appropriate carrier, capable of improving its release in the biological target, would be highly desirable. Starting with this requirement, new hybrid composites based on the inclusion of BSE in a lamellar solid layered double hydroxide (LDH), i.e., magnesium aluminum carbonate, were developed and characterized in the present work. The adopted LDH exhibited a layered crystal structure, comprising positively charged hydroxide layers and interlayers composed of carbonate anions and water molecules; thus, it was expected to embed negatively charged boswellic acids. In the present case, a calcination process was also adopted on the LDH to increase organic acid loading, based on the replacement of the original inorganic anions. An accurate investigation was carried out by TGA, PXRD, FT-IR/ATR, XPS, SEM, and LC-MS to ascertain the nature, interaction, and quantification of the active molecules of the vegetal extract loaded in the developed hybrid materials. As a result, the significant disruption of the original layered structure was observed in the LDH subjected to calcination (LDHc), and this material was able to include a higher amount of organic acids when its composite with BSE was prepared. However, in vitro tests on the composites' bioactivity, expressed in terms of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity, evidenced LDH-BSE as a better material compared to BSE and to LDHc-BSE, thus suggesting that, although the embedded organic acid amount was lower, they could be more available since they were not firmly bound to the clay. The composite was able to significantly decrease the number of viable pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the internalization of toxic active species into human cells imposing oxidative stress, in comparison to the BSE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Busto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.B.); (A.C.); (I.L.)
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Castellaneta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.B.); (A.C.); (I.L.)
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.C.); (Z.N.)
| | - Ziba Najmi
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.C.); (Z.N.)
| | - Rosanna Rizzi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola, 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Ilario Losito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.B.); (A.C.); (I.L.)
- SMART Inter-Department Research Center, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.B.); (A.C.); (I.L.)
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- SMART Inter-Department Research Center, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Ahmed SA, Al-Shanon AF, Al-Saffar AZ, Tawang A, Al-Obaidi JR. Antiproliferative and cell cycle arrest potentials of 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid against MCF-7 cells in vitro. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:75. [PMID: 37393563 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is a major issue in medical science with increasing death cases every year worldwide. Therefore, searching for alternatives and nonorthodox methods of treatments with high efficiency, selectivity and less toxicity is the main goal in fighting cancer. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), is a derivative pentacyclic triterpenoid that exhibited various biological activities with potential anti-tumoral agents. In this research, AKBA was utilized to examine the potential cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells in vitro and monitor the cellular and morphological changes with a prospective impact on apoptosis induction. METHODS The cytotoxic activity of AKBA was measured by 3(4,5dimethylthiazole- 2-yl)-2,5 diphyneltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. A dose-dependent inhibition in MCF-7 cell viability was detected. The clonogenicity of MCF-7 cells was significantly suppressed by AKBA increment in comparison with untreated cells. RESULT Morphologically, exposure of MCF-7 cells to high AKBA concentrations caused changes in cell nuclear morphology which was indicated by increasing in nuclear size and cell permeability intensity. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was reduced by increasing AKBA concentration with a significant release of cytochrome c. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining experiment confirmed that MCF-7 cells treated with AKBA (IC50 concentration) displayed a late stage of apoptosis indicated by intense and bright reddish colour. CONCLUSION A significant increase in reactive oxygen species formation was observed. Caspase 8 and caspase 9 activities were estimated and AKBA activated the production of caspase 8 and caspase 9 in a dose-dependent pattern. Finally, the cell phase distribution analysis was conducted, and flow cytometric analysis showed that AKBA at 200 μg mL-1 significantly arrest MCF-7 cells at the G1 phase and triggered apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saja A Ahmed
- Department of Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Ali Z Al-Saffar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Alene Tawang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Jameel R Al-Obaidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
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Wang W, Xue J, You J, Han H, Qi H, Wang X. Effect of composite amendments on physicochemical properties of copper tailings repaired by herbaceous plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:19790-19802. [PMID: 36241833 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is considered to be the most environmentally friendly green restoration technology for dealing with mine waste. Adding amendments can improve the substrate environment for plant growth and enhance remediation efficiency. Herbaceous plants have become the preferred species for vegetation restoration in abandoned mines because of their fast greening and simple management. After 8 weeks of pot experiments in the early stage, it was shown that the plant height and fresh weight of the plants treated with 5% conditioner and 0.5% straw (C2S2) were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Considering that, in this paper, to explore the effect of composite amendments on physicochemical properties of copper tailings repaired by herbaceous plants, the untreated copper tailings were employed as the control group, whereas copper tailings repaired by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L.), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) with or without conditioners and straw combination into the compound amendments were taken separately as the test group. After 6 months of planting, the pH, electrical conductivity, water content, available potassium, organic matter, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus in the main physical and chemical properties of copper tailings in each experimental area were analyzed. The results showed that the electrical conductivity, organic matter, and total nitrogen content of copper tailings were improved to a certain extent by planting plants without treatment. Meanwhile, compared with the control group, all indexes of planting plants showed an upward trend after adding composite amendments. Among them, pH, water content, and available potassium content of copper tailings were enhanced more obviously. Furthermore, as discovered from the gray correlation analysis results, vetiver grass planted with composite amendments has the best comprehensive effect of improving the physicochemical properties of copper tailings, followed by tall fescue and ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinchun Xue
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jiajia You
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huaqin Han
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Qi
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
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Characteristic constituents with chemotaxonomic significance from the gum resin of Boswellia carterii. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Unravelling the Therapeutic Potential of Nano-Delivered Functional Foods in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183828. [PMID: 36145202 PMCID: PMC9503475 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract is one of the most concerning public health issues, as it can lead to chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), some of which are more detrimental than others. Chronic respiratory diseases include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, lung cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis. The conventional drug therapies for the management and treatment of CRDs only address the symptoms and fail to reverse or recover the chronic-inflammation-mediated structural and functional damage of the respiratory tract. In addition, the low efficacy and adverse effects of these drugs have directed the attention of researchers towards nutraceuticals in search of potential treatment strategies that can not only ameliorate CRD symptoms but also can repair and reverse inflammatory damage. Hence, there is a growing interest toward investigating the medicinal benefits of nutraceuticals, such as rutin, curcumin, zerumbone, and others. Nutraceuticals carry many nutritional and therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity properties, and usually do not have as many adverse effects, as they are naturally sourced. Recently, the use of nanoparticles has also been increasingly studied for the nano drug delivery of these nutraceuticals. The discrete size of nanoparticles holds great potential for the level of permeability that can be achieved when transporting these nutraceutical compounds. This review is aimed to provide an understanding of the use of nutraceuticals in combination with nanoparticles against CRDs and their mechanisms involved in slowing down or reversing the progression of CRDs by inhibiting pro-inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Peng S, Song Z, Wang C, Liang D, Wan X, Liu Z, Lu A, Ning Z. Frankincense vinegar-processing improves the absorption of boswellic acids by regulating bile acid metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153931. [PMID: 35104761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boswellic acids in Olibanum (known as frankincense) are potent anti-inflammatory properties in treating ulcerative colitis (UC), but its low bioavailability limited drug development. Evidence accumulated that vinegar processing of frankincense exerts positive effects on improving absorption of compositions. The underlying mechanism is unknown. In recent decades, spectacular growth and multidisciplinary integration of metabolic application were witnessed. The relationship between drug absorption and curative effect has been more or less established. However, it remains a knowledge gap in the field between drug absorption and endocrine metabolism. PURPOSE To investigate the enhancement mechanism of vinegar processing in the absorption of boswellic acids via the aspect of bile acid metabolism. METHODS The effects of raw frankincense (RF) and processed frankincense (PF) were compared by the UC model of rats. The plasma concentration of boswellic acids and the hepatic and colonic bile acids contents were quantified by UPLC-TQ-MS. The levels of mRNA and protein associated with bile acid metabolism were also compared. RESULTS The results showed that PF exhibited re-markable mitigating effects on UC with the elevated plasma level of boswellic acid and upregulated expression of the absorption-related protein multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) and organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3) in the liver and colon. It improved colonic lithocholic acid (LCA), which promoted the expression of bile acid nuclear receptors constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR), resulting in the upregulation of MRP2 and OATP1B3. CONCLUSION This paper revealed the mechanisms behind the absorption promotion effects of processing. Bile acids metabolism exhibits potential status in pharmaceutical development. The results shed light on the interdisciplinary collaboration between the metabolism and drug absorption fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Peng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhiqian Song
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chun Wang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dongrui Liang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoying Wan
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Aiping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 00825, China.
| | - Zhangchi Ning
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
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Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Fašmon Durjava M, Kouba M, López‐Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Edoardo Villa R, Woutersen R, Brantom P, Chesson A, Westendorf J, Manini P, Pizzo F, Dusemund B. Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an extract of olibanum from Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr. for use in dogs and horses (FEFANA asbl). EFSA J 2022; 20:e07158. [PMID: 35281639 PMCID: PMC8900119 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of olibanum extract from Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr., when used as a sensory additive (flavouring) in feed for all dogs and horses. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the additive under assessment is safe for horses at the maximum proposed use level of 100 mg/kg in complete feed. For dogs, the calculated safe concentration in feed is 330 mg/kg complete feed. The additive is considered safe for consumers when used at the proposed conditions of use in horses. The additive under assessment should be considered as non‐irritant to skin and eyes, but in the absence of data, no conclusion can be drawn on its potential to be a dermal and respiratory sensitiser. The use of the additive under the proposed conditions of use in feed for horses was not expected to pose a risk for the environment. Boswellia species and their preparations were recognised to flavour food. Since their function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy was considered necessary.
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Al-Harrasi A, Khan AL, Rehman NU, Csuk R. Biosynthetic diversity in triterpene cyclization within the Boswellia genus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 184:112660. [PMID: 33524859 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is not intended to describe the triterpenes isolated from the Boswellia genus, since this information has been covered elsewhere. Instead, the aim is to provide insights into the biosynthesis of triterpenes in Boswellia. This genus, which has 24 species, displays fascinating structural diversity and produces a number of medicinally important triterpenes, particularly boswellic acids. Over 300 volatile components have been reported in the essential oil of Boswellia, and more than 100 diterpenes and triterpenes have been isolated from this genus. Given that no triterpene biosynthetic enzymes have yet been isolated from any members of the Boswellia genus, this review will cover the likely biosynthetic pathways as inferred from structures in nature and the probable types of biosynthetic enzymes based on knowledge of triterpene biosynthesis in other plant species. It highlights the importance of frankincense and the factors and threats affecting its production. It covers triterpene biosynthesis in the genus Boswellia, including dammaranes, tirucallic acids, lupanes, oleananes, ursanes and boswellic acids. Strategies for elucidating triterpene biosynthetic pathways in Boswellia are considered. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms behind wound-induced resin synthesis by the tree and related gene expression profiling are covered. In addition, the influence of the environment and the genotype on the biosynthesis of resin and on variations in the compositions and types of resins will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Quali-Quantitative Characterization of Volatile and Non-Volatile Compounds in Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand Resin by GC-MS Validated Method, GC-FID and HPLC-HRMS 2. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051447. [PMID: 33800018 PMCID: PMC7962098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand (PH) trees are endemic to the tropical region of South America, mostly Brazil. Antibacterial, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antidepressant and anti-hyperlipidemic/anti-hypercholesterolemic effects were reported for its resinous exudate Protiumheptaphyllum resin (PHR). This work aims to provide a qualitative and quantitative consistent chemical profiling of the major constituents of this resin and two extracts enriched in acid (acidic triterpene concentrated extract, ATCE) and neutral triterpenes (α and β-amyrin concentrated extract, AMCE). GC–MS/GC–FID was used for volatile terpene fraction, a validated GC–MS method was developed for quantification of neutral α and β-amyrin and HPLC–APCI HRMS2 was used for acidic triterpenes analysis. The chemical investigation reported 29 molecules, including 14 volatile terpenes, 6 neutral triterpenes and 11 acid triterpenes. The most abundant compounds were α-amyrin (251.28 g kg−1, 123.98 g kg−1 and 556.82 g kg−1 in PHR, ATCE and AMCE, respectively), β-amyrin (172.66 g kg−1, 95.39 g kg−1 and 385.58 g kg−1 in PHR, ATCE and AMCE, respectively), 3-oxo-tirucalla-7,24-dien-21-oic acid (80.64 g kg−1, 157.10 g kg−1 and 15.31 g kg−1 in PHR, ATCE and AMCE, respectively) and 3α-hydroxy-tirucalla-8,24-dien-21-oic acid (77.71 g kg−1, 130.40 g kg−1 and 11.64 g kg−1 in PHR, ATCE and AMCE, respectively). Results showed specific enrichment of acidic and neutral triterpenoids in the two respective extracts.
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Haghaei H, Soltani S, Aref Hosseini S, Rashidi MR, Karima S. Boswellic Acids as Promising Leads in Drug Development against Alzheimer’s Disease. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological activity of Boswellia extract (BE) has been attributed to its main active ingredients; i.e. Boswellic acids (BAs). BE/BAs possess a promising therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders; including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The multifactorial nature of AD pathophysiology necessitates the development of the disease-modifying agents (DMA). Recent multi-targeting approaches for the DMAs development have brought more attention to the plant-derived compounds regarding their better human compatibility because of their biologic origin. This review addresses the current knowledge on the anti-AD activity of BE/BAs based on the available in silico, in vitro, in vivo studies and clinical trials. The contribution of BE/BAs in inflammatory pathways, Tau and β-amyloid proteins, microtubule functions, oxidative stress, cholinesterase and diabetes/insulin pathways involved in AD have been discussed. BAs efficacy in different AD-related pathways has been confirmed in vitro and in vivo. They can be considered as valuable scaffold/lead compounds for multi-targeted DMAs in anti-AD drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Haghaei
- Nutrition and food Sciences Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somaieh Soltani
- Drug Applied Research Center and Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Rashidi
- Drug Applied Research Center and Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Karima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
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Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of Boswellia serrate gum resin in CCl 4-induced hepatotoxicity. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1313-1321. [PMID: 32010304 PMCID: PMC6966228 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of Boswellia serrate (BS) gum resin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage. Four groups consisting of eight rats each were designated: Group I, normal healthy control; group II, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis; group III, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis followed by BS treatment daily for two weeks; and group IV, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis followed by silymarin treatment daily for two weeks. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were assessed, in addition to histopathological and fibrotic changes in liver tissues isolated from the rats. BS significantly ameliorated CCl4-induced increases in serum aspartate (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in addition to restoring total bilirubin, triglyceride and albumin levels. BS treatment also alleviated oxidative stress and improved total antioxidant capacity in the liver, and reduced the expression of TNF-α, NF-κB, TGF-β, IL-6 and COX-2. On a histopathological level, BS treatment also exhibited antifibrotic activity. In conclusion, these findings suggest that BS contains potentially hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced liver injury via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic characteristics.
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Baram SM, Karima S, Shateri S, Tafakhori A, Fotouhi A, Lima BS, Rajaei S, Mahdavi M, Tehrani HS, Aghamollaii V, Aghamiri SH, Mansouri B, Gharahje S, Kabiri S, Hosseinizadeh M, Shahamati SZ, Alborzi AT. Functional improvement and immune-inflammatory cytokines profile of ischaemic stroke patients after treatment with boswellic acids: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:1101-1112. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Caparrotta S, Comparini D, Marone E, Kimmenfield R, Luzzietti L, Taiti C, Mancuso S. Correlation between VOC fingerprinting and antimicrobial activity of several essential oils extracted by plant resins againstA. tumefaciensandP. savastanoi. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Caparrotta
- DAGRI, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali. University of Florence Viale delle idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
| | - Diego Comparini
- DAGRI, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali. University of Florence Viale delle idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
| | - Elettra Marone
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technologies for Agriculture Food and Environment – University of Teramo Via R. Balzarini, 1 Teramo Italy
| | - Rebecca Kimmenfield
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences The Ohio State University 1060 Carmack Road Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Laura Luzzietti
- DAGRI, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali. University of Florence Viale delle idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
| | - Cosimo Taiti
- DAGRI, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali. University of Florence Viale delle idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- DAGRI, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali. University of Florence Viale delle idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
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Haghaei H, Aref Hosseini SR, Soltani S, Fathi F, Mokhtari F, Karima S, Rashidi MR. Kinetic and thermodynamic study of beta-Boswellic acid interaction with Tau protein investigated by surface plasmon resonance and molecular modeling methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 10:17-25. [PMID: 31988853 PMCID: PMC6977593 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2020.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
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Introduction: Beta-Boswellic acid (BBA) is a pentacyclic terpene which has been obtained from frankincense and its beneficial effects on neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been addressed.
Methods: In the present study, thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of BBA interaction with Tau protein as one of the important proteins involved in AD in the absence and presence of glucose has been investigated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method. Tau protein was immobilized onto the carboxy methyl dextran chip and its binding interactions with BBA were studied at physiological pH at various temperatures. Glucose interference with these interactions was also investigated.
Results: Results showed that BBA forms a stable complex with Tau (KD=8.45×10-7 M) at 298 K. Molecular modeling analysis showed a hydrophobic interaction between BBA and HVPGGG segment of R2 and R4 repeated domains of Tau.
Conclusion: The binding affinity increased by temperature enhancement, while it decreased significantly in the presence of glucose. Both association and dissociation of the BBA-Tau complex were accompanied with an entropic activation barrier; however, positive enthalpy and entropy changes revealed that hydrophobic bonding is the main force involved in the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Haghaei
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Somaieh Soltani
- Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzad Mokhtari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Karima
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Rashidi
- Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Byler KG, Setzer WN. Protein Targets of Frankincense: A Reverse Docking Analysis of Terpenoids from Boswellia Oleo-Gum Resins. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5030096. [PMID: 30200355 PMCID: PMC6163972 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5030096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Frankincense, the oleo-gum resin of Boswellia trees, has been used in traditional medicine since ancient times. Frankincense has been used to treat wounds and skin infections, inflammatory diseases, dementia, and various other conditions. However, in many cases, the biomolecular targets for frankincense components are not well established. Methods: In this work, we have carried out a reverse docking study of Boswellia diterpenoids and triterpenoids with a library of 16034 potential druggable target proteins. Results:Boswellia diterpenoids showed selective docking to acetylcholinesterase, several bacterial target proteins, and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Boswellia triterpenoids targeted the cancer-relevant proteins (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, tankyrase, and folate receptor β), inflammation-relevant proteins (phospholipase A2, epoxide hydrolase, and fibroblast collagenase), and the diabetes target 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Conclusions: The preferential docking of Boswellia terpenoids is consistent with the traditional uses and the established biological activities of frankincense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall G Byler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
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Noroozi S, Khadem Haghighian H, Abbasi M, Javadi M, Goodarzi S. A review of the therapeutic effects of frankincense. THE JOURNAL OF QAZVIN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/qums.22.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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19
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Iram F, Khan SA, Husain A. Phytochemistry and potential therapeutic actions of Boswellic acids: A mini-review. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
Covering: 2013. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2015, 29, 1028-1065This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids reported during 2013 including squalene derivatives, lanostanes, holostanes, cycloartanes, cucurbitanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, quassinoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, ursanes, hopanes, serratanes, isomalabaricanes and saponins; 350 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- School of Chemistry, Glasgow University, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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Tawfik MK. Anti-aggregatory effect of boswellic acid in high-fat fed rats: involvement of redox and inflammatory cascades. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:1354-1361. [PMID: 27904529 PMCID: PMC5108384 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.60675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A high-fat diet is one of the main dietary factors promoting platelet aggregation. The present study was conducted to elucidate the involvement of boswellic acid (BA) on the platelet hyperaggregability in HFD-fed rats. As platelet hyperaggregability in HFD rats is closely linked to inflammation and enhanced free radical production, the present study was extended to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effect of BA on HFD-promoted platelet aggregation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were assigned to normal, HFD-fed, aspirin-treated (30 mg/kg), and BA-treated (250 and 500 mg/kg) groups. RESULTS Boswellic acid administration in a high dose was effective in attenuating the severity of hyperlipidemia and platelet aggregation, indicated by lower collagen/epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation, as evidenced by the significant increase (p < 0.05) in the circulating platelet count and reduction in the number of thrombi in the lungs. Moreover, it attenuated the oxidative stress and the intensity of inflammatory mediators associated with platelet hyperaggregability, as evidenced by the inhibitory effects on interlukin-1β, COX-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α, indicating that the antiplatelet activity of BA is likely a consequence of controlling oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggest that BA shows a promising anti-aggregatory effect by attenuating the enhanced hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammation associated with HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Kamal Tawfik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Forouzanfar F, Hosseinzadeh H, Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan A, Sadeghnia HR. Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts ofBoswellia serrataProtect Against Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1954-1967. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Hamid R. Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Neurocognitive Research Center, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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23
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Khedr AIM, Ibrahim SRM, Mohamed GA, Ahmed HEA, Ahmad AS, Ramadan MA, El-Baky AEA, Yamada K, Ross SA. New ursane triterpenoids from Ficus pandurata and their binding affinity for human cannabinoid and opioid receptors. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:897-911. [PMID: 27350550 PMCID: PMC5590819 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Ficus pandurata Hance (Moraceae) fruits has led to the isolation of two new triterpenoids, ficupanduratin A [1β-hydroxy-3β-acetoxy-11α-methoxy-urs-12-ene] (11) and ficupanduratin B [21α-hydroxy-3β-acetoxy-11α-methoxy-urs-12-ene] (17), along with 20 known compounds: α-amyrin acetate (1), α-amyrin (2), 3β-acetoxy-20-taraxasten-22-one (3), 3β-acetoxy-11α-methoxy-olean-12-ene (4), 3β-acetoxy-11α-methoxy-12-ursene (5), 11-oxo-α-amyrin acetate (6), 11-oxo-β-amyrin acetate (7), palmitic acid (8), stigmast-4,22-diene-3,6-dione (9), stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione (10), stigmasterol (12), β-sitosterol (13), stigmast-22-ene-3,6-dione (14), stigmastane-3,6-dione (15), 3β,21β-dihydroxy-11α-methoxy-olean-12-ene (16), 3β-hydroxy-11α-methoxyurs-12-ene (18), 6-hydroxystigmast-4,22-diene-3-one (19), 6-hydroxystigmast-4-ene-3-one (20), 11α,21α-dihydroxy-3β-acetoxy-urs-12-ene (21), and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (22). Compound 21 is reported for the first time from a natural source. The structures of the 20 compounds were elucidated on the basis of IR, 1D ((1)H and (13)C), 2D ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) NMR and MS spectroscopic data, in addition to comparison with literature data. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-microbial, anti-malarial, anti-leishmanial, and cytotoxic activities. In addition, their radioligand displacement affinity on opioid and cannabinoid receptors was assessed. Compounds 4, 11, and 15 exhibited good affinity towards the CB2 receptor, with displacement values of 69.7, 62.5 and 86.5 %, respectively. Furthermore, the binding mode of the active compounds in the active site of the CB2 cannabinoid receptors was investigated through molecular modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amgad I M Khedr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, 30078, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assuit University, Assuit, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit, 71524, Egypt
| | - Hany E A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, 30078, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany S Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assuit University, Assuit, 71526, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assuit University, Assuit, 71526, Egypt
| | - Atef E Abd El-Baky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Koji Yamada
- Garden for Medicinal Plants, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Samir A Ross
- National Center for Natural Products Research, and Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
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Jemmali Z, Chartier A, Elfakir C. Development of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method to monitor in a single run, mono- to triterpenoid compounds distribution in resinous plant materials. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1443:241-53. [PMID: 27018190 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A new procedure based on gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of mono- to triterpenoid compounds in resinous materials. Given the difference of volatility and polarity of the studied compounds some critical steps in this methodology had to be identified and investigated. The recovery of volatile compounds after sample extraction was studied. A recovery range from 30% to 100% from the more volatile monoterpene to the least one was observed. Then the mandatory derivatization step for the analysis of pentacyclic triterpenes bearing hydroxyl and carboxyl groups was optimized. Results showed that derivatization using N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) in pyridine (22:13:65 v/v/v) for 2h at 30 °C was the most efficient method of derivatizing all the hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups contained in the triterpene structures. After choosing the best injection parameters for these compounds, the selectivity of the GC column towards the separation of these terpenoids was investigated using statistical tools (principal component analysis and desirability functions). A separation with a good resolution was achieved on an HP-5ms column using a programmed temperature vaporizing injector (PTV). The method was pre-validated in terms of detection limits (LOD from 100 μg L(-1) to 200 μg L(-1) depending on the compound), linearity and repeatability using seven compounds representative of mono- and triterpenoid classes. An exhaustive characterization of various types of resins (di-, triterpenic and oleo-gum resins) was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaineb Jemmali
- Univ-Orleans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, F-45067 Orléans, France
| | - Agnes Chartier
- Univ-Orleans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, F-45067 Orléans, France.
| | - Claire Elfakir
- Univ-Orleans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, F-45067 Orléans, France
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Awouafack MD, Aimaiti S, Tane P, Morita H. Clerodendrumol, A New Triterpenoid fromClerodendrum yaundenseGürke(Lamiaceae). Helv Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201500217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Holy smoke in medieval funerary rites: chemical fingerprints of frankincense in southern Belgian incense burners. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113142. [PMID: 25391130 PMCID: PMC4229304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Frankincense, the oleogum resin from Boswellia sp., has been an early luxury good in both Western and Eastern societies and is particularly used in Christian funerary and liturgical rites. The scant grave goods in late medieval burials comprise laterally perforated pottery vessels which are usually filled with charcoal. They occur in most regions of western Europe and are interpreted as incense burners but have never been investigated with advanced analytical techniques. We herein present chemical and anthracological results on perforated funerary pots from 4 Wallonian sites dating to the 12–14th century AD. Chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of lipid extracts of the ancient residues and comparison with extracts from four Boswellia species clearly evidence the presence of degraded frankincense in the former, based on characteristic triterpenoids, viz. boswellic and tirucallic acids, and their myriad dehydrated and oxygenated derivatives. Cembrane-type diterpenoids indicate B. sacra (southern Arabia) and B. serrata (India) as possible botanical origins. Furthermore, traces of juniper and possibly pine tar demonstrate that small amounts of locally available fragrances were mixed with frankincense, most likely to reduce its cost. Additionally, markers of ruminant fats in one sample from a domestic context indicate that this vessel was used for food preparation. Anthracological analysis demonstrates that the charcoal was used as fuel only and that no fragrant wood species were burned. The chars derived from local woody plants and were most likely recovered from domestic fires. Furthermore, vessel recycling is indicated by both contextual and biomarker evidence. The results shed a new light on funerary practices in the Middle Ages and at the same time reveal useful insights into the chemistry of burned frankincense. The discovery of novel biomarkers, namely Δ2-boswellic acids and a series of polyunsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, demonstrates the high potential for organic chemical analyses of incense residues.
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In silico assay development for screening of tetracyclic triterpenoids as anticancer agents against human breast cancer cell line MCF7. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111049. [PMID: 25365399 PMCID: PMC4218838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental activity of a compound on cancer cell line/target is mostly analyzed in the form of percentage inhibition at different concentration gradient and time of incubation. In this study a statistical model has been developed referred as in silico assay using support vector regression model, which can act with change in concentration gradient and time of incubation. This model is a function of concentration gradient, treatment hour and independent components; which calculate the percentage inhibition in combination of above three components. This model is designed to screen tetracyclic triterpenoids active against human breast cancer cell line MCF7. The model has been statistically validated, checked for applicability domain and predicted results were reconfirmed by MTT assay, for example Oenotheranstrol derivatives, OenA & B. Computational SAR, target and docking studies were performed to understand the cytotoxic mechanism of action of Oenotheranstrol compounds. The proposed in silico assay model will work for specific chemical family for which it will be optimized. This model can be used to analyze growth kinetics pattern on different human cancer cell lines for designed compounds.
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Synthesis of the novel elemonic acid derivatives as Pin1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5612-5615. [PMID: 25466185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of elemonic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity on Pin1. Five compounds displayed significantly improved ability to inhibit Pin1 activity at micromolar levels. Compound 10 with 2-carboxylmethylene was the most active one with an IC50 value of 0.57 μM. The docking models of Pin1 support that introduction of an acidic group to elemonic acid enhance the Pin1 inhibitory activity.
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Comprehensive identification of active triterpenoid metabolites in frankincense using a coupling strategy. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 963:90-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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