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Carlson RJ, Patten JJ, Stefanakis G, Soong BY, Radhakrishnan A, Singh A, Thakur N, Amarasinghe GK, Hacohen N, Basler CF, Leung D, Uhler C, Davey RA, Blainey PC. Single-cell image-based genetic screens systematically identify regulators of Ebola virus subcellular infection dynamics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.06.588168. [PMID: 38617272 PMCID: PMC11014611 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.06.588168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is a high-consequence filovirus that gives rise to frequent epidemics with high case fatality rates and few therapeutic options. Here, we applied image-based screening of a genome-wide CRISPR library to systematically identify host cell regulators of Ebola virus infection in 39,085,093 million single cells. Measuring viral RNA and protein levels together with their localization in cells identified over 998 related host factors and provided detailed information about the role of each gene across the virus replication cycle. We trained a deep learning model on single-cell images to associate each host factor with predicted replication steps, and confirmed the predicted relationship for select host factors. Among the findings, we showed that the mitochondrial complex III subunit UQCRB is a post-entry regulator of Ebola virus RNA replication, and demonstrated that UQCRB inhibition with a small molecule reduced overall Ebola virus infection with an IC50 of 5 μM. Using a random forest model, we also identified perturbations that reduced infection by disrupting the equilibrium between viral RNA and protein. One such protein, STRAP, is a spliceosome-associated factor that was found to be closely associated with VP35, a viral protein required for RNA processing. Loss of STRAP expression resulted in a reduction in full-length viral genome production and subsequent production of non-infectious virus particles. Overall, the data produced in this genome-wide high-content single-cell screen and secondary screens in additional cell lines and related filoviruses (MARV and SUDV) revealed new insights about the role of host factors in virus replication and potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Carlson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J J Patten
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Stefanakis
- Laboratory for Information & Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian Y Soong
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Avtar Singh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Naveen Thakur
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gaya K Amarasinghe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher F Basler
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daisy Leung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caroline Uhler
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Information & Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Davey
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul C Blainey
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Tian Y, Li X, Wang X, Pei ST, Pan HX, Cheng YQ, Li YC, Cao WT, Petersen JDD, Zhang P. Alkaline sphingomyelinase deficiency impairs intestinal mucosal barrier integrity and reduces antioxidant capacity in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1405-1419. [PMID: 38596488 PMCID: PMC11000083 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i10.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon with an unknown etiology. Alkaline sphingomyelinase (alk-SMase) is specifically expressed by intestinal epithelial cells, and has been reported to play an anti-inflammatory role. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. AIM To explore the mechanism of alk-SMase anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal barrier function and oxidative stress in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS Mice were administered 3% DSS drinking water, and disease activity index was determined to evaluate the status of colitis. Intestinal permeability was evaluated by gavage administration of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran, and bacterial translocation was evaluated by measuring serum lipopolysaccharide. Intestinal epithelial cell ultrastructure was observed by electron microscopy. Western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of intestinal barrier proteins and mRNA, respectively. Serum oxidant and antioxidant marker levels were analyzed using commercial kits to assess oxidative stress levels. RESULTS Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, inflammation and intestinal permeability in alk-SMase knockout (KO) mice were more severe beginning 4 d after DSS induction. The mRNA and protein levels of intestinal barrier proteins, including zonula occludens-1, occludin, claudin-3, claudin-5, claudin-8, mucin 2, and secretory immunoglobulin A, were significantly reduced on 4 d after DSS treatment. Ultrastructural observations revealed progressive damage to the tight junctions of intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, by day 4, mitochondria appeared swollen and degenerated. Additionally, compared to WT mice, serum malondialdehyde levels in KO mice were higher, and the antioxidant capacity was significantly lower. The expression of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the colonic mucosal tissue of KO mice was significantly decreased after DSS treatment. mRNA levels of Nrf2-regulated downstream antioxidant enzymes were also decreased. Finally, colitis in KO mice could be effectively relieved by the injection of tertiary butylhydroquinone, which is an Nrf2 activator. CONCLUSION Alk-SMase regulates the stability of the intestinal mucosal barrier and enhances antioxidant activity through the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology College, Harbin Medical University - Daqing Campus, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Qiqihar Tuberculosis Control Center, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Si-Ting Pei
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hong-Xin Pan
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yu-Qi Cheng
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology College, Harbin Medical University - Daqing Campus, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Chen Li
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology College, Harbin Medical University - Daqing Campus, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Ting Cao
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jin-Dong Ding Petersen
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1353, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Ping Zhang
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
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Marotti V, Xu Y, Bohns Michalowski C, Zhang W, Domingues I, Ameraoui H, Moreels TG, Baatsen P, Van Hul M, Muccioli GG, Cani PD, Alhouayek M, Malfanti A, Beloqui A. A nanoparticle platform for combined mucosal healing and immunomodulation in inflammatory bowel disease treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:206-221. [PMID: 37859689 PMCID: PMC10582360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment consist of anti-inflammatory products. In this study, we sought to induce the physiological secretion of glucagon-like peptide 2, a peptide with intestinal growth-promoting activity, via nanoparticles while simultaneously providing with immunomodulation by tailoring the nanoparticle surface. To this end, we developed hybrid lipid hyaluronate-KPV conjugated nanoparticles loaded with teduglutide for combination therapy in IBD. The nanocarriers induced (or did not induce) immunosuppression depending on the presence (or absence) of a hyaluronan-KPV functionalization. This strategy holds promise as a nanoparticle platform for combined mucosal healing and immunomodulation in IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Marotti
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yining Xu
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cécilia Bohns Michalowski
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wunan Zhang
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inês Domingues
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hafsa Ameraoui
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom G. Moreels
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- EM-platform, VIB Bio Imaging Core, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G. Muccioli
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- UCLouvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- WEL Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300 Wavre, Belgium
| | - Mireille Alhouayek
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessio Malfanti
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Beloqui
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- WEL Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300 Wavre, Belgium
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Lauko S, Gancarcikova S, Hrckova G, Hajduckova V, Andrejcakova Z, Fecskeova LK, Bertkova I, Hijova E, Kamlarova A, Janicko M, Ambro L, Kvakova M, Gulasova Z, Strojny L, Strkolcova G, Mudronova D, Madar M, Demeckova V, Nemetova D, Pacuta I, Sopkova D. Beneficial Effect of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation on Mild, Moderate and Severe Dextran Sodium Sulphate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in a Pseudo Germ-Free Animal Model. Biomedicines 2023; 12:43. [PMID: 38255150 PMCID: PMC10813722 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of faecal microbiota (FMT) is generally considered a safe therapeutic procedure with few adverse effects. The main factors that limit the spread of the use of FMT therapy for idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are the necessity of minimising the risk of infection and transfer of another disease. Obtaining the animal model of UC (ulcerative colitis) by exposure to DSS (dextran sodium sulphate) depends on many factors that significantly affect the result. Per os intake of DSS with water is individual for each animal and results in the development of a range of various forms of induced UC. For this reason, the aim of our study was to evaluate the modulation and regenerative effects of FMT on the clinical and histopathological responses and the changes in the bowel microenvironment in pseudo germ-free (PGF) mice of the BALB/c line subjected to chemical induction of mild, moderate and serious forms of UC. The goal was to obtain new data related to the safety and effectiveness of FMT that can contribute to its improved and optimised use. The animals with mild and moderate forms of UC subjected to FMT treatment exhibited lower severity of the disease and markedly lower damage to the colon, including reduced clinical and histological disease index and decreased inflammatory response of colon mucosa. However, FMT treatment failed to achieve the expected therapeutic effect in animals with the serious form of UC activity. The results of our study indicated a potential safety risk involving development of bacteraemia and also translocation of non-pathogenic representatives of bowel microbiota associated with FMT treatment of animals with a diagnosed serious form of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Lauko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.L.); (V.H.); (D.M.); (M.M.); (D.N.); (I.P.)
| | - Sona Gancarcikova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.L.); (V.H.); (D.M.); (M.M.); (D.N.); (I.P.)
| | - Gabriela Hrckova
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Vanda Hajduckova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.L.); (V.H.); (D.M.); (M.M.); (D.N.); (I.P.)
| | - Zuzana Andrejcakova
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (Z.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Livia Kolesar Fecskeova
- Associated Tissue Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital (UHLP) in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Izabela Bertkova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research—MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia; (I.B.); (E.H.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (Z.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Emilia Hijova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research—MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia; (I.B.); (E.H.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (Z.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Anna Kamlarova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research—MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia; (I.B.); (E.H.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (Z.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Martin Janicko
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Lubos Ambro
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Monika Kvakova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research—MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia; (I.B.); (E.H.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (Z.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Zuzana Gulasova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research—MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia; (I.B.); (E.H.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (Z.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Ladislav Strojny
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research—MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia; (I.B.); (E.H.); (A.K.); (M.K.); (Z.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Gabriela Strkolcova
- Department of Epizootiology, Parasitology and Protection of One Health, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Dagmar Mudronova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.L.); (V.H.); (D.M.); (M.M.); (D.N.); (I.P.)
| | - Marian Madar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.L.); (V.H.); (D.M.); (M.M.); (D.N.); (I.P.)
| | - Vlasta Demeckova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Daniela Nemetova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.L.); (V.H.); (D.M.); (M.M.); (D.N.); (I.P.)
| | - Ivan Pacuta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.L.); (V.H.); (D.M.); (M.M.); (D.N.); (I.P.)
| | - Drahomira Sopkova
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (Z.A.); (D.S.)
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Vlk AM, Prantner D, Shirey KA, Perkins DJ, Buzza MS, Thumbigere-Math V, Keegan AD, Vogel SN. M2a macrophages facilitate resolution of chemically-induced colitis in TLR4-SNP mice. mBio 2023; 14:e0120823. [PMID: 37768050 PMCID: PMC10653841 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01208-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, impacts millions of individuals worldwide and severely impairs the quality of life for patients. Dysregulation of innate immune signaling pathways reduces barrier function and exacerbates disease progression. Macrophage (Mφ) signaling pathways are potential targets for IBD therapies. While multiple treatments are available for IBD, (i) not all patients respond, (ii) responses may diminish over time, and (iii) treatments often have undesirable side effects. Genetic studies have shown that the inheritance of two co-segregating SNPs expressed in the innate immune receptor, TLR4, is associated with human IBD. Mice expressing homologous SNPs ("TLR4-SNP" mice) exhibited more severe colitis than WT mice in a DSS-induced colonic inflammation/repair model. We identified a critical role for M2a "tissue repair" Mφ in the resolution of colitis. Our findings provide insight into potential development of novel therapies targeting Mφ signaling pathways that aim to alleviate the debilitating symptoms experienced by individuals with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. Vlk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Prantner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kari Ann Shirey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Darren J. Perkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- University of Maryland Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marguerite S. Buzza
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- Division of Periodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Achsah D. Keegan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefanie N. Vogel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- University of Maryland Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Hu Y, He Z, Zhang J, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhang F, Zhang W, Gu F, Hu W. Effect of Piper nigrum essential oil in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and its potential mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155024. [PMID: 37597364 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piper nigrum essential oil (PnEO) possesses pleasant aroma, unique flavor, and various bioactivities; however, its role against colitis remains unclear. PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the role of PnEO in relieving colitis and explored its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS Initially, we identified and quantified the components of PnEO by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Subsequently, we investigated the protective role of PnEO (50 and 200 mg/kg) in DSS-induced colitis in mice by evaluating disease activity index (DAI) scores and colon length, and performing histological analyses. Eyeball blood was collected and cytokines were determined using ELISA kits. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of PnEO were analyzed by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The intestinal barrier function was evaluated according to tight junction (TJ) protein mRNA levels. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the intestinal microflora of mouse cecal contents. RESULTS Supplementation with PnEO (50 and 200 mg/kg) increased colon length and improved colon histopathology. PnEO regulated inflammatory responses by downregulating TLR4/MAPKs activation, thereby reducing the release of cytokines and mediators. Moreover, it also protected the intestinal barrier through enhancing the expression of claudin-1, claudin-3, occludin, ZO-1, and mucin 2. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that PnEO (200 mg/kg) decreased the abundance of Akkermansia in the gut microbiome. CONCLUSION PnEO treatment (50 and 200 mg/kg) relieved DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting TLR4/MAPK pathway and protecting intestinal barrier, and high-dose PnEO exhibited better effects. Moreover, PnEO (200 mg/kg) regulated key compositions of the gut microbiome, which indicated that it had therapeutic potential for sustaining gut health to lower the risk of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Hu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan 572025, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ziliang He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Chaohua Zhang
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Fenglun Zhang
- Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing 211111, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing 211111, China
| | - Fenglin Gu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan 572025, China; Key Laboratory of Processing Suitability and Quality Control of the Special Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Wanning, Hainan 571533, China.
| | - Weicheng Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Aalto AL, Saadabadi A, Lindholm F, Kietz C, Himmelroos E, Marimuthu P, Salo-Ahen OMH, Eklund P, Meinander A. Stilbenoid compounds inhibit NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses in the Drosophila intestine. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1253805. [PMID: 37809071 PMCID: PMC10556681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1253805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stilbenoid compounds have been described to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models in vivo, and have been shown to inhibit Ca2+-influx through the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TrpA1). Methods To study how stilbenoid compounds affect inflammatory signaling in vivo, we have utilized the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, as a model system. To induce intestinal inflammation in the fly, we have fed flies with the intestinal irritant dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). Results We found that DSS induces severe changes in the bacteriome of the Drosophila intestine, and that this dysbiosis causes activation of the NF-κB transcription factor Relish. We have taken advantage of the DSS-model to study the anti-inflammatory properties of the stilbenoid compounds pinosylvin (PS) and pinosylvin monomethyl ether (PSMME). With the help of in vivo approaches, we have identified PS and PSMME to be transient receptor ankyrin 1 (TrpA1)-dependent antagonists of NF-κB-mediated intestinal immune responses in Drosophila. We have also computationally predicted the putative antagonist binding sites of these compounds at Drosophila TrpA1. Discussion Taken together, we show that the stilbenoids PS and PSMME have anti-inflammatory properties in vivo in the intestine and can be used to alleviate chemically induced intestinal inflammation in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. Aalto
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Atefeh Saadabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Fanny Lindholm
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Christa Kietz
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Emmy Himmelroos
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Parthiban Marimuthu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Outi M. H. Salo-Ahen
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Patrik Eklund
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Annika Meinander
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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8
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Novak EA, Crawford EC, Mentrup HL, Griffith BD, Fletcher DM, Flanagan MR, Schneider C, Firek B, Rogers MB, Morowitz MJ, Piganelli JD, Wang Q, Mollen KP. Epithelial NAD + depletion drives mitochondrial dysfunction and contributes to intestinal inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1231700. [PMID: 37744380 PMCID: PMC10512956 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1231700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We have previously demonstrated that a pathologic downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) within the intestinal epithelium contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanism underlying downregulation of PGC1α expression and activity during IBD is not yet clear. Methods Mice (male; C57Bl/6, Villincre/+;Pgc1afl/fl mice, and Pgc1afl/fl) were subjected to experimental colitis and treated with nicotinamide riboside. Western blot, high-resolution respirometry, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) quantification, and immunoprecipitation were used to in this study. Results We demonstrate a significant depletion in the NAD+ levels within the intestinal epithelium of mice undergoing experimental colitis, as well as humans with ulcerative colitis. While we found no decrease in the levels of NAD+-synthesizing enzymes within the intestinal epithelium of mice undergoing experimental colitis, we did find an increase in the mRNA level, as well as the enzymatic activity, of the NAD+-consuming enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1). Treatment of mice undergoing experimental colitis with an NAD+ precursor reduced the severity of colitis, restored mitochondrial function, and increased active PGC1α levels; however, NAD+ repletion did not benefit transgenic mice that lack PGC1α within the intestinal epithelium, suggesting that the therapeutic effects require an intact PGC1α axis. Discussion Our results emphasize the importance of PGC1α expression to both mitochondrial health and homeostasis within the intestinal epithelium and suggest a novel therapeutic approach for disease management. These findings also provide a mechanistic basis for clinical trials of nicotinamide riboside in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Novak
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Erin C. Crawford
- Division of Gastroenterology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Heather L. Mentrup
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian D. Griffith
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - David M. Fletcher
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Corinne Schneider
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian Firek
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Matthew B. Rogers
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael J. Morowitz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jon D. Piganelli
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kevin P. Mollen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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9
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Molon S, Brun P, Scarpa M, Bizzotto D, Zuccolotto G, Scarpa M, Fassan M, Angriman I, Rosato A, Braghetta P, Castagliuolo I, Bonaldo P. Collagen VI promotes recovery from colitis by inducing lymphangiogenesis and drainage of inflammatory cells. J Pathol 2023; 260:417-430. [PMID: 37272555 DOI: 10.1002/path.6092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite a number of studies providing evidence that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an active player in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation, knowledge on the actual contribution of specific ECM molecules in the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains scant. Here, we investigated the role of a major ECM protein, collagen VI (ColVI), in gut homeostasis and elucidated the impact of its deregulation on the pathophysiology of IBD. To this end, we combined in vivo and ex vivo studies on wild type and ColVI-deficient (Col6a1-/- ) mice both under physiological conditions and during experimentally induced acute colitis and its subsequent recovery, by means of gut histology and immunostaining, gene expression, bone marrow transplantation, flow cytometry of immune cell subpopulations, and lymph flow assessment. We found that ColVI displayed dynamic expression and ECM deposition during the acute inflammatory and recovery phases of experimentally induced colitis, whereas the genetic ablation of ColVI in Col6a1 null mice impaired the functionality of lymphatic vessels, which in turn affected the resolution of inflammation during colitis. Based on these findings, we investigated ColVI expression and deposition in ileal specimens from two cohorts of patients affected by Crohn's disease (CD) and correlated ColVI abundance to clinical outcome. Our results show that high ColVI immunoreactivity in ileal biopsies of CD patients at diagnosis correlates with increased risk of surgery and that ColVI expression in biopsies taken at the resection margin during surgery, and showing inactive disease, predict disease recurrence. Our data unveil a key role for ColVI in the intestinal microenvironment, where it is involved in lymphangiogenesis and intestinal inflammation. Altogether, these findings point at the dysregulation of ColVI expression as a novel factor contributing to the onset and maintenance of inflammation in CD via mechanisms impinging on the modulation of inflammatory cell recruitment and function. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibilla Molon
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Dario Bizzotto
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marco Scarpa
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Imerio Angriman
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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10
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Hao Y, Jiang L, Han D, Si D, Sun Z, Wu Z, Dai Z. Limosilactobacillus mucosae and Lactobacillus amylovorus Protect Against Experimental Colitis via Upregulation of Colonic 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 4 and Transforming Growth Factor-β2. J Nutr 2023; 153:2512-2522. [PMID: 37356501 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limosilactobacillusmucosae (LM) exerts anti-inflammatory and health-promoting effects. However, its role in the modulation of gut serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) metabolism and 5-HT receptors (HTRs) in inflammation requires further investigation. OBJECTIVES We compared LM with Lactobacillus amylovorus (LA) for the regulation of 5-HT, HTRs, inflammatory mediators, and their correlations in the colon of mice with experimental colitis. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups: control (Con), LM, LA, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and DSS with pre-administration of LM (+LM) or LA (+LA). After 7 d of DSS treatment, mice were killed to analyze the expression of inflammatory mediators, HTRs, and concentrations of 5-HT and microbial metabolites in the colon. RESULTS LM was more effective than LA in alleviating DSS-induced colonic inflammation. Compared with mice in the DSS group, mice receiving DSS + LM or DSS + LA treatment had lower (P < 0.05) colonic mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines. DSS + LM treatment had lower mRNA expression of Il1b, Tnfa, and Ccl3, an abundance of p-STAT3, and greater expression of Tgfb2 and Htr4 in the colon (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory mediators (including Tgfb-1) was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with 5-HT and Htr2a and negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with Htr4. However, the expression of Tgfb-2 showed reversed correlations with the 5-HT and HTRs described above. Patterns for these correlations were different for LM and LA. Mice receiving the DSS + LM treatment had greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of acetate and valerate and lower (P < 0.05) concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid in the cecal and colonic contents. CONCLUSIONS LM showed greater efficacy than LA in alleviating DSS-induced colonic inflammation. The coordinated regulation of transforming growth factor-β subtypes and serotonin receptors in the colon may be one of the most important mechanisms underlying the probiotic effects of lactobacilli in gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youling Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Gorman H, Moreau F, Dufour A, Chadee K. IgGFc-binding protein and MUC2 mucin produced by colonic goblet-like cells spatially interact non-covalently and regulate wound healing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211336. [PMID: 37359538 PMCID: PMC10285406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The colonic mucus bilayer is the first line of innate host defense that at the same time houses and nourishes the commensal microbiota. The major components of mucus secreted by goblet cells are MUC2 mucin and the mucus-associated protein, FCGBP (IgGFc-binding protein). In this study, we determine if FCGBP and MUC2 mucin were biosynthesized and interacted together to spatially enhance the structural integrity of secreted mucus and its role in epithelial barrier function. MUC2 and FCGBP were coordinately regulated temporally in goblet-like cells and in response to a mucus secretagogue but not in CRISPR-Cas9 gene-edited MUC2 KO cells. Whereas ~85% of MUC2 was colocalized with FCGBP in mucin granules, ~50% of FCGBP was diffusely distributed in the cytoplasm of goblet-like cells. STRING-db v11 analysis of the mucin granule proteome revealed no protein-protein interaction between MUC2 and FCGBP. However, FCGBP interacted with other mucus-associated proteins. FCGBP and MUC2 interacted via N-linked glycans and were non-covalently bound in secreted mucus with cleaved low molecular weight FCGBP fragments. In MUC2 KO, cytoplasmic FCGBP was significantly increased and diffusely distributed in wounded cells that healed by enhanced proliferation and migration within 2 days, whereas, in WT cells, MUC2 and FCGBP were highly polarized at the wound margin which impeded wound closure by 6 days. In DSS colitis, restitution and healed lesions in Muc2+/+ but not Muc2-/- littermates, were accompanied by a rapid increase in Fcgbp mRNA and delayed protein expression at 12- and 15-days post DSS, implicating a potential novel endogenous protective role for FCGBP in wound healing to maintain epithelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Gorman
- Department of Microbiology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - France Moreau
- Department of Microbiology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kris Chadee
- Department of Microbiology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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12
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Hu Y, Guan X, He Z, Xie Y, Niu Z, Zhang W, Wang A, Zhang J, Si C, Li F, Hu W. Apigenin-7-O-glucoside alleviates DSS-induced colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
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13
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Liu L, Li F, Shao T, Zhang L, Lee J, Dryden G, McClain CJ, Zhao C, Feng W. FGF21 Depletion Attenuates Colitis through Intestinal Epithelial IL-22-STAT3 Activation in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:2086. [PMID: 37432218 PMCID: PMC10181108 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a glucose and lipid metabolic regulator. Recent research revealed that FGF21 was also induced by inflammatory stimuli. Its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been investigated. In this study, an experimental IBD model was established in FGF21 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by adding 2.5% (wt/vol) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to their drinking water for 7 days. The severity of the colitis and the inflammation of the mouse colon tissues were analyzed. In WT mice, acute DSS treatment induced an elevation in plasma FGF21 and a significant loss of body weight in a time-dependent manner. Surprisingly, the loss of body weight and the severity of the colitis induced by DSS treatment in WT mice were significantly attenuated in FGF21 KO mice. Colon and circulating pro-inflammatory factors were significantly lower in the FGF21 KO mice compared to the WT mice. As shown by BrdU staining, the FGF21 KO mice demonstrated increased colonic epithelial cell proliferation. DSS treatment reduced intestinal Paneth cell and goblet cell numbers in the WT mice, and this effect was attenuated in the FGF21 KO mice. Mechanistically, FGF21 deficiency significantly increased the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells and increased the expression of IL-22. Further study showed that the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-2/3 (SOCS 2/3), a known feedback inhibitor of STAT3, was significantly inhibited in the DSS-treated FGF2 KO mice compared to the WT mice. We conclude that FGF21 deficiency attenuated the severity of DSS-induced acute colitis, which is likely mediated by enhancing the activation of the IL-22-STAT3 signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Fengyuan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Tuo Shao
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Gerald Dryden
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Craig J. McClain
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Wenke Feng
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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14
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de Queiroz NMGP, de Oliveira LS, Gomes MTR, Carneiro MBH, Vieira LQ, Oliveira SC, Horta MF. Requirement of scavenger receptors for activation of the IRF-3/IFN-β/STAT-1 pathway in TLR4-mediated production of NO by LPS-activated macrophages. Nitric Oxide 2023; 134-135:61-71. [PMID: 37059259 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Production of nitric oxide (NO) by LPS-activated macrophages is due to a complex cellular signaling initiated by TLR4 that leads to the transcription of IFN-β, which activates IRF-1 and STAT-1, as well as to the activation of NF-κB, required for iNOS transcription. High concentrations of LPS can also be uptaken by scavenger receptors (SRs), which, in concert with TLR4, leads to inflammatory responses. The mechanisms by which TLR4 and SRs interact, and the pathways activated by this interaction in macrophages are not elucidated. Therefore, our main goal was to evaluate the role of SRs, particularly SR-A, in LPS-stimulated macrophages for NO production. We first showed that, surprisingly, LPS can induce the expression of iNOS and the production of NO in TLR4-/- mice, provided exogenous IFN-β is supplied. These results indicate that LPS stimulate receptors other than TLR4. The inhibition of SR-A using DSS or neutralizing antibody to SR-AI showed that SR-A is essential for the expression of iNOS and NO production in stimulation of TLR4 by LPS. The restoration of the ability to express iNOS and produce NO by addition of rIFN-β to inhibited SR-A cells indicated that the role of SR-AI in LPS-induced NO production is to provide IFN-β, probably by mediating the internalization of LPS/TLR4, and the differential inhibition by DSS and neutralizing antibody to SR-AI suggested that other SRs are also involved. Our results reinforce that TLR4 and SR-A act in concert in LPS activation and demonstrated that, for the production of NO, it does mainly by synthesizing IRF-3 and also by activating the TRIF/IRF-3 pathway for IFN-β production, essential for LPS-mediated transcription of iNOS. Consequently STAT-1 is activated, and IRF-1 is expressed, which together with NF-κB from TLR4/MyD88/TIRAP, induce iNOS synthesis and NO production. SUMMARY SENTENCE: TLR4 and SRs act in concert activating IRF-3 to transcribe IFN-β and activate STAT-1 to produce NO by LPS-activated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Marí Gual Pimenta de Queiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana Souza de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco Tulio Ribeiro Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Matheus Batista Heitor Carneiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leda Quercia Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sergio Costa Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria Fátima Horta
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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15
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Qin W, Qi X, Xie Y, Wang H, Wu S, Sun MA, Bao W. LncRNA446 Regulates Tight Junctions by Inhibiting the Ubiquitinated Degradation of Alix after Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection. J Virol 2023; 97:e0188422. [PMID: 36790206 PMCID: PMC10062151 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01884-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious disease, caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which causes huge economic losses. Tight junction-associated proteins play an important role during virus infection; therefore, maintaining their integrity may be a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of PEDV. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in numerous cellular functional activities, yet whether and how they regulate the intestinal barrier against viral infection remains to be elucidated. Here, we established a standard system for evaluating intestinal barrier integrity and then determined the differentially expressed lncRNAs between PEDV-infected and healthy piglets by lncRNA-seq. A total of 111 differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened, and lncRNA446 was identified due to significantly higher expression after PEDV infection. Using IPEC-J2 cells and intestinal organoids as in vitro models, we demonstrated that knockdown of lncRNA446 resulted in increased replication of PEDV, with further damage to intestinal permeability and tight junctions. Mechanistically, RNA pulldown and an RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay showed that lncRNA446 directly binds to ALG-2-interacting protein X (Alix), and lncRNA446 inhibits ubiquitinated degradation of Alix mediated by TRIM25. Furthermore, Alix could bind to ZO1 and occludin and restore the expression level of the PEDV M gene and TJ proteins after lncRNA446 knockdown. Additionally, Alix knockdown and overexpression affects PEDV infection in IPEC-J2 cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that lncRNA446, by inhibiting the ubiquitinated degradation of Alix after PEDV infection, is involved in tight junction regulation. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of intestinal barrier resistance and damage repair triggered by coronavirus. IMPORTANCE Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an acute, highly contagious enteric viral disease severely affecting the pig industry, for which current vaccines are inefficient due to the high variability of PEDV. Because PEDV infection can lead to severe injury of the intestinal epithelial barrier, which is the first line of defense, a better understanding of the related mechanisms may facilitate the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of PED. Here, we demonstrate that the lncRNA446 directly binds one core component of the actomyosin-tight junction complex named Alix and inhibits its ubiquitinated degradation. Functionally, the lncRNA446/Alix axis can regulate the integrity of tight junctions and potentially repair intestinal barrier injury after PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiao Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haifei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming-an Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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16
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Patton EA, Cunningham P, Noneman M, Helms HP, Martinez-Muniz G, Sumal AS, Dhameja MK, Unger CA, Alahdami AK, Enos RT, Chatzistamou I, Velázquez KT. Acute Administration of Ojeok-san Ameliorates Pain-like Behaviors in Pre-Clinical Models of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071559. [PMID: 37049400 PMCID: PMC10096710 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Gastrointestinal pain and fatigue are the most reported concerns of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Commonly prescribed drugs focus on decreasing excessive inflammation. However, up to 20% of IBD patients in an "inactive" state experience abdominal pain. The medicinal herb Ojeok-san (OJS) has shown promise in the amelioration of visceral pain. However, no research on OJS has been conducted in preclinical models of IBD. The mechanism by which OJS promotes analgesia is still elusive, and it is unclear if OJS possesses addictive properties. (2) Aims: In this study, we examined the potential of OJS to promote analgesic effects and rewarding behavior. Additionally, we investigated if tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) from macrophages is a primary culprit of IBD-induced nociception. (3) Methods: Multiple animal models of IBD were used to determine if OJS can reduce visceral nociception. TNFα-macrophage deficient mice were used to investigate the mechanism of action by which OJS reduces nociceptive behavior. Mechanical sensitivity and operant conditioning tests were used to determine the analgesic and rewarding effects of OJS. Body weight, colon length/weight, blood in stool, colonic inflammation, and complete blood count were assessed to determine disease progression. (4) Results: OJS reduced the evoked mechanical nociception in the dextran sulphate sodium model of colitis and IL-10 knockout (KO) mice and delayed aversion to colorectal distension in C57BL/6 mice. No rewarding behavior was observed in OJS-treated IL-10 KO and mdr1a KO mice. The analgesic effects of OJS are independent of macrophage TNFα levels and IBD progression. (5) Conclusions: OJS ameliorated elicited mechanical and visceral nociception without producing rewarding effects. The analgesic effects of OJS are not mediated by macrophage TNFα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma A Patton
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Patrice Cunningham
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Matthew Noneman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Henry P Helms
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Gustavo Martinez-Muniz
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Aman S Sumal
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Milan K Dhameja
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Christian A Unger
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Ahmed K Alahdami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Reilly T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Kandy T Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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17
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Wang K, Qin L, Cao J, Zhang L, Liu M, Qu C, Miao J. κ-Selenocarrageenan Oligosaccharides Prepared by Deep-Sea Enzyme Alleviate Inflammatory Responses and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054672. [PMID: 36902109 PMCID: PMC10003262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
κ-Selenocarrageenan (KSC) is an organic selenium (Se) polysaccharide. There has been no report of an enzyme that can degrade κ-selenocarrageenan to κ-selenocarrageenan oligosaccharides (KSCOs). This study explored an enzyme, κ-selenocarrageenase (SeCar), from deep-sea bacteria and produced heterologously in Escherichia coli, which degraded KSC to KSCOs. Chemical and spectroscopic analyses demonstrated that purified KSCOs in hydrolysates were composed mainly of selenium-galactobiose. Organic selenium foods through dietary supplementation could help regulate inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study discussed the effects of KSCOs on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in C57BL/6 mice. The results showed that KSCOs alleviated the symptoms of UC and suppressed colonic inflammation by reducing the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and regulating the unbalanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10). Furthermore, KSCOs treatment regulated the composition of gut microbiota, enriched the genera Bifidobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Ruminococcus and inhibited Dubosiella, Turicibacter and Romboutsia. These findings proved that KSCOs obtained by enzymatic degradation could be utilized to prevent or treat UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Junhan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Changfeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Marine Natural Products R&D Laboratory, Qingdao Key Laboratory, Qingdao 266061, China
- Correspondence: (C.Q.); (J.M.)
| | - Jinlai Miao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Marine Natural Products R&D Laboratory, Qingdao Key Laboratory, Qingdao 266061, China
- Correspondence: (C.Q.); (J.M.)
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18
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Interleukin 11 confers resistance to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. iScience 2023; 26:105934. [PMID: 36685040 PMCID: PMC9852934 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is tightly regulated by epithelial cells, leukocytes, and stromal cells, and its dysregulation is associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. Interleukin (IL)-11, a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, is produced by inflammatory fibroblasts during acute colitis. However, the role of IL-11 in the development of colitis is still unclear. Herein, we showed that IL-11 ameliorated DSS-induced acute colitis in mouse models. We found that deletion of Il11ra1 or Il11 rendered mice highly susceptible to DSS-induced colitis compared to the respective control mice. The number of apoptotic epithelial cells was increased in DSS-treated Il11ra1- or Il11-deficient mice. Moreover, we showed that IL-11 production was regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by lysozyme M-positive myeloid cells. These findings indicate that fibroblast-produced IL-11 plays an important role in protecting the mucosal epithelium in acute colitis. Myeloid cell-derived ROS contribute to the attenuation of colitis through the production of IL-11.
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19
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Sommer KM, Lee Y, Donovan SM, Dilger RN. Purification methods to reduce interference by dextran sodium sulfate with quantification of gene expression in intestinal tissue samples from a piglet model of colitis. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad202. [PMID: 37330677 PMCID: PMC10317179 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is commonly used to induce intestinal (i.e., colonic) inflammation in a variety of animal models. However, DSS is known to cause interference when using quantitative-real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) methods, thereby invalidating accurate and precise measurement of tissue gene expression. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine whether different mRNA purification methods would reduce DSS-interference. Colonic tissue samples were collected at postnatal days (PND) 27 or 28 from pigs that had not been administered DSS (Control), and two independent groups of pigs that received 1.25 g of DSS/kg of BW/d (DSS-1 and DSS-2) from PND 14 to 18. Tissue samples collected were subsequently stratified into three purification methods (i.e., 9 total treatment × method combinations), including: 1) no purification, 2) purification with lithium chloride (LiCl), or 3) purification using spin column filtration. All data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA in the Mixed procedure of SAS. The average RNA concentrations across all treatments were between 1,300 and 1,800 μg/μL for all three in vivo groups. Although there were statistical differences among purification methods, the 260/280 and 260/230 ratios fell between acceptable limits of 2.0 to 2.1 and 2.0 to 2.2, respectively, for all treatment groups. This confirms the RNA quality was adequate and not influenced by purification method in addition to suggesting the absence of phenol, salts, and carbohydrate contamination. For pigs in the Control group that did not receive DSS, qRT-PCR Ct values of four cytokines were achieved, though these values were not altered by purification method. For pigs that had undergone DSS dosing, those tissues subjected to either no purification or purification using LiCl did not generate applicable Ct values. However, when tissues derive from DSS-treated pigs underwent spin column purification, half of the samples from DSS-1 and DSS-2 groups generated appropriate Ct estimates. Therefore, spin column purification appeared to be more effective than LiCl purification, but no method was 100% effective, so caution should be exercised when interpreting gene expression results from studies where animals are exposed to DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M Sommer
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Youngsoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryan N Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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20
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Jeon H, Amarasekara DS, Lee N, Park HW, Yu J, Rho J. TDAG51 deficiency attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20619. [PMID: 36450854 PMCID: PMC9712416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a group of chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the multifactorial etiology of IBD pathogenesis is relatively well documented, the regulatory factors that confer a risk of IBD pathogenesis remain less explored. In this study, we report that T-cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51/PHLDA1) is a novel regulator of the development of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. TDAG51 expression was elevated in the colon tissues of DSS-induced experimental colitis mice. TDAG51 deficiency protected mice against acute DSS-induced lethality and body weight changes and disease severity. DSS-induced structural damage and mucus secretion in colon tissues were significantly reduced in TDAG51-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. We observed similar results in a DSS-induced chronic colitis mouse model. Finally, we showed that the production of inflammatory mediators, including proinflammatory enzymes, molecules and cytokines, was decreased in DSS-treated TDAG51-deficient mice compared with DSS-treated wild-type mice. Thus, we demonstrated that TDAG51 deficiency plays a protective role against DSS-induced colitis by decreasing the production of inflammatory mediators in mice. These findings suggest that TDAG51 is a novel regulator of the development of DSS-induced colitis and is a potential therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoeun Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Dulshara Sachini Amarasekara
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Nari Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Hye-Won Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea.
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21
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López‐Estévez S, López‐Torrellardona JM, Parera M, Martínez V. Long-lasting visceral hypersensitivity in a model of DSS-induced colitis in rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14441. [PMID: 36239298 PMCID: PMC9787759 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent visceral hypersensitivity is a key component of functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. Current animal models fail to fully reproduce the characteristics of visceral pain in humans, particularly as it relates to persistent hypersensitivity. This work explores the validity of DSS-induced colitis in rats as a model to mimic chronic intestinal hypersensitivity. METHODS Exposure to DSS (5% for 7 days) was used to induce colitis in rats. Thereafter, changes in viscerosensitivity (visceromotor responses to colorectal distension-CRD), the presence of somatic referred pain (mechanosensitivity of the hind paws, von Frey test) and the expression (qRT-PCR) of sensory-related markers (colon, lumbosacral DRGs, and lumbosacral spinal cord) were assessed at different times during the 35 days period after colitis induction. RESULTS Following colitis, a sustained increase in visceromotor responses to CRD were observed, indicative of the presence of visceral hypersensitivity. Responses in animals without colitis remained stable over time. In colitic animals, somatic referred hypersensitivity was also detected. DSS-induced colitis was associated to a differential expression of sensory-related markers (with both pro- and anti-nociceptive action) in the colon, lumbosacral DRGs and lumbosacral spinal cord; indicating the presence of peripheral and central sensitization. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES DSS-induced colitis in rats is associated to the generation of a long-lasting state of visceral (colonic) hypersensitivity, despite clinical colitis resolution. This model reproduces the changes in intestinal sensitivity characteristics of inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal disorders in humans and can be used in the characterization of new pharmacological treatments against visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López‐Estévez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Marc Parera
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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22
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El-Harakeh M, Saliba J, Sharaf Aldeen K, Haidar M, El Hajjar L, Awad MK, Hashash JG, Shirinian M, El-Sabban M. Expression of the methylcytosine dioxygenase ten-eleven translocation-2 and connexin 43 in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5845-5864. [PMID: 36353202 PMCID: PMC9639657 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i40.5845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) constitutes a substantial risk factor for colorectal cancer. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is a protein that forms gap junction (GJ) complexes involved in intercellular communication, and its expression is altered under pathological conditions, such as IBD and cancer. Recent studies have implicated epigenetic processes modulating DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory and malignant diseases. The ten-eleven translocation-2 (TET-2) enzyme catalyzes the demethylation, hence, regulating the activity of various cancer-promoting and tumor-suppressor genes.
AIM To investigate Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels and presence of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) marks under inflammatory conditions both in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS TET-2 expression was evaluated in parental HT-29 cells and in HT-29 cells expressing low or high levels of Cx43, a putative tumor-suppressor gene whose expression varies in IBD and colorectal cancer, and which has been implicated in the inflammatory process and in tumor onset. The dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model was reproduced in BALB/c mice to evaluate the expression of TET-2 and Cx43 under inflammatory conditions in vivo. In addition, archived colon tissue sections from normal, IBD (ulcerative colitis), and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients were obtained and evaluated for the expression of TET-2 and Cx43. Expression levels were reported at the transcriptional level by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and at the translational level by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.
RESULTS Under inflammatory conditions, Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels increased compared to non-inflammatory conditions. TET-2 upregulation was more pronounced in Cx43-deficient cells. Moreover, colon tissue sections from normal, ulcerative colitis, and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients corroborated that Cx43 expression increased in IBD and decreased in adenocarcinoma, compared to tissues from non-IBD subjects. However, TET-2 expression and 5-hmC mark levels decreased in samples from patients with ulcerative colitis or cancer. Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels were also investigated in an experimental colitis mouse model. Interestingly, mice exposed to carbenoxolone (CBX), a GJ inhibitor, had upregulated TET-2 levels. Collectively, these results show that TET-2 levels and activity increased under inflammatory conditions, in cells downregulating gap junctional protein Cx43, and in colon tissues from mice exposed to CBX.
CONCLUSION These results suggest that TET-2 expression levels, as well as Cx43 expression levels, are modulated in models of intestinal inflammation. We hypothesize that TET-2 may demethylate genes involved in inflammation and tumorigenesis, such as Cx43, potentially contributing to intestinal inflammation and associated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad El-Harakeh
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
- UR GPF Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Jessica Saliba
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 1533, Lebanon
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Dekwaneh, Sin el Fil 1552, Lebanon
| | - Kawthar Sharaf Aldeen
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - May Haidar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Layal El Hajjar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Mireille Kallassy Awad
- UR GPF Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Jana G Hashash
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Margret Shirinian
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Marwan El-Sabban
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
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23
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Luo T, Wang D, Zhao Y, Li X, Yang G, Jin Y. Polystyrene microplastics exacerbate experimental colitis in mice tightly associated with the occurrence of hepatic inflammation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:156884. [PMID: 35752249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The potential health effects of microplastics (MPs) have become a public concern due to their ubiquitousness in the environment and life. Numerous studies have demonstrated that a high dose of MPs can adversely affect gastrointestinal health. However, few studies have focused on the impact of microplastics on patients' health with respect to gastrointestinal diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has emerged as a global disease with a rapidly increasing incidence. IBD, a specific gastrointestinal illness characterized by acute, chronic inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction, might increase sensitivity to MPs exposure. Herein, we investigated the impact and mechanism of PS-MPs on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. The results demonstrated that gavage with PS-MPs alone caused minimal effects on the intestinal barrier and liver status of mice. For mice with colitis, additional PS-MPs exposure caused a shorter colon length, aggravated histopathological damage and inflammation, reduced mucus secretion, and increased the colon permeability. Furthermore, PS-MPs exposure also increased the risk of secondary liver injury associated with inflammatory cell infiltration. These findings provide more histopathological evidence and suggest a need for more research on the health risk of MPs for sensitive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China; College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guiling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
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24
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Desideri F, D’Ambra E, Laneve P, Ballarino M. Advances in endogenous RNA pull-down: A straightforward dextran sulfate-based method enhancing RNA recovery. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1004746. [PMID: 36339717 PMCID: PMC9629853 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1004746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting RNA/RNA interactions in the context of a given cellular system is crucial to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms that stand beneath each specific RNA molecule. When it comes to non-protein coding RNA (ncRNAs), and especially to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), the reliability of the RNA purification is dramatically dependent on their abundance. Exogenous methods, in which lncRNAs are in vitro transcribed and incubated with protein extracts or overexpressed by cell transfection, have been extensively used to overcome the problem of abundance. However, although useful to study the contribution of single RNA sub-modules to RNA/protein interactions, these exogenous practices might fail in revealing biologically meaningful contacts occurring in vivo and risk to generate non-physiological artifacts. Therefore, endogenous methods must be preferred, especially for the initial identification of partners specifically interacting with elected RNAs. Here, we apply an endogenous RNA pull-down to lncMN2-203, a neuron-specific lncRNA contributing to the robustness of motor neurons specification, through the interaction with miRNA-466i-5p. We show that both the yield of lncMN2-203 recovery and the specificity of its interaction with the miRNA dramatically increase in the presence of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) salt. This new set-up may represent a powerful means for improving the study of RNA-RNA interactions of biological significance, especially for those lncRNAs whose role as microRNA (miRNA) sponges or regulators of mRNA stability was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Desideri
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora D’Ambra
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Laneve
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Ballarino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Ballarino,
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25
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Jimenez IA, Stilin AP, Morohaku K, Hussein MH, Koganti PP, Selvaraj V. Mitochondrial translocator protein deficiency exacerbates pathology in acute experimental ulcerative colitis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:896951. [PMID: 36060674 PMCID: PMC9437295 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.896951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In human patients and animal models of ulcerative colitis (UC), upregulation of the mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) in the colon is consistent with inflammation. Although the molecular function for TSPO remains unclear, it has been investigated as a therapeutic target for ameliorating UC pathology. In this study, we examined the susceptibility of Tspo gene-deleted (Tspo -/- ) mice to insults as provided by the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute UC model. Our results show that UC clinical signs and pathology were severely exacerbated in Tspo -/- mice compared to control Tspo fl/fl cohorts. Histopathology showed extensive inflammation and epithelial loss in Tspo -/- mice that caused an aggravated disease. Colonic gene expression in UC uncovered an etiology linked to precipitous loss of epithelial integrity and disproportionate mast cell activation assessed by tryptase levels in Tspo -/- colons. Evaluation of baseline homeostatic shifts in Tspo -/- colons revealed gene expression changes noted in elevated epithelial Cdx2, mast cell Cd36 and Mcp6, with general indicators of lower proliferation capacity and elevated mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. These findings demonstrate that intact physiological TSPO function serves to limit inflammation in acute UC, and provide a systemic basis for investigating TSPO-targeting mechanistic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel A. Jimenez
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States,Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Allison P. Stilin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Kanako Morohaku
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States,School of Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Mahmoud H. Hussein
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Prasanthi P. Koganti
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Vimal Selvaraj
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Vimal Selvaraj,
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Papoutsis D, Rocha SDC, Herfindal AM, Kjølsrud Bøhn S, Carlsen H. Intestinal effect of faba bean fractions in WD-fed mice treated with low dose of DSS. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272288. [PMID: 35939489 PMCID: PMC9359607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent studies have shown that legumes can reduce chemical induced colonic inflammation, but the role of faba bean fractions for colon health has not been described. We have investigated the role of protein and fiber fractions of faba beans for colonic health and microbiota composition in a low-grade inflammation mice-model when incorporated in a Western diet (WD). The diet of sixty C57BL/6JRj male mice was standardized to a WD (41% fat, 43% carbohydrates) before were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 12) receiving either 1) WD with 30% of the protein replaced with faba-bean proteins, 2) WD with 7% of the fiber replaced with faba-bean fibers, 3) WD with protein and fiber fractions or 4) plain WD (n = 24). Low-grade inflammation was induced by 1% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) given to mice for the last six days of the trial. Half (n = 12) in group 4) were given only water (controls). Prior to DSS, body weight, energy intake, glucose and insulin tolerance assays were performed. Inflammatory status in the colon was assessed by biomarkers of inflammation and qRT-PCR analyses of inflammatory related genes. Fecal microbiota composition was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. 1% DSS treatment increased levels in fecal lipocalin-2 and induced disease activity index score, but the presence of faba bean fractions in WD did not influence these indicators nor the expression level of inflammatory associated genes. However, the mice that had faba-bean proteins had a lower amount of Proteobacteria compared the group on plain WD. The Actinobacteria abundance was also lower in the group that had fiber fraction from faba-beans. Overall, outcomes indicated that in a low-grade inflammation model, replacement of protein and or fiber in a WD with faba bean fractions had marginal effects on inflammatory parameters and colonic microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papoutsis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Sérgio Domingos Cardoso Rocha
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Herfindal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Harald Carlsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Herfindal AM, Rocha SDC, Papoutsis D, Bøhn SK, Carlsen H. The ROS-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase 1 modulates the colonic microbiota but offers minor protection against dextran sulfate sodium-induced low-grade colon inflammation in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:298-311. [PMID: 35752373 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) is a major producer of superoxide which together with other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are implicated in maintaining a healthy epithelial barrier in the gut. While previous studies have indicated NOX1's involvement in microbial modulation in the small intestine, less is known about the effects of NOX1-dependent ROS/RNS formation in the colon. We investigated the role of NOX1 in the colon of NOX1 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice, under mild and subclinical low-grade colon inflammation induced by 1% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Ex vivo imaging of ROS/RNS in the colon revealed that absence of NOX1 strongly decreased ROS/RNS production, particularly during DSS treatment. Furthermore, while absence of NOX1 did not affect disease activity, some markers of inflammation (mRNA: Tnfa, Il6, Ptgs2; protein: lipocalin 2) in the colonic mucosa tended to be higher in NOX1 KO than in WT mice following DSS treatment. Lack of NOX1 also extensively modulated the bacterial community in the colon (16S rRNA gene sequencing), where NOX1 KO mice were characterized mainly by lower α-diversity (richness and evenness), higher abundance of Firmicutes, Akkermansia, and Oscillibacter, and lower abundance of Bacteroidetes and Alistipes. Together, our data suggest that NOX1 is pivotal for colonic ROS/RNS production in mice both during steady-state (i.e., no DSS treatment) and during 1% DSS-induced low-grade inflammation and for modulation of the colonic microbiota, with potential beneficial consequences for intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mari Herfindal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, N-1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Sérgio Domingos Cardoso Rocha
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, N-1432, Ås, Norway; Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, N-1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Dimitrios Papoutsis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, N-1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, N-1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Harald Carlsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, N-1432, Ås, Norway.
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Laska MJ, Møller JB, Graversen JH, Strøbæk D, Blomster L, Christophersen P, Bahrami S. Retroviral glycoprotein-mediated immune suppression via the potassium channel KCa3.1 - A new strategy for amelioration of inflammatory bowel diseases. Clin Immunol 2022; 242:109081. [PMID: 35905828 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Peptides derived from retroviral envelope proteins have been shown to possess a wide range of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities. We have previously reported identification of such a peptide derived from the envelope protein coded by a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV). In this study, we identified that in vitro the peptide inhibits the KCa3.1 potassium channel, a potential target for therapy of immune diseases. We describe in vitro ENV59-GP3 effects with respect to potency of inhibition on KCa3.1 channels and calcium influx. Furthermore, we asses in vivo the effect of blocking KCa3.1 with ENV59-GP3 peptide or KCa3.1-blocker NS6180 on protection against DSS-induced acute colitis. ENV59-GP3 peptide treatment showed reduction of the disease score in the DSS-induced acute colitis mice model, which was comparable to effects of the KCa3.1 channel blocker NS6180. Analysis of cytokine production from DSS-mice model treated animals revealed equipotent inhibitory effects of the ENV59-GP3 and NS6180 compounds on the production of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β. These findings altogether suggest that ENV59-GP3 functions as a KCa3.1 channel inhibitor and underline the implications of using virus derived channel blockers for treatment of autoimmune diseases. Additionally, they open the possibilities whether KCa3.1 inhibition is efficacious in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena J Laska
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Bonnet Møller
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
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Bacillus subtilis biofilm matrix components target seed oil bodies to promote growth and anti-fungal resistance in melon. Nat Microbiol 2022; 7:1001-1015. [PMID: 35668112 PMCID: PMC9246715 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Beneficial microorganisms are used to stimulate the germination of seeds; however, their growth-promoting mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Bacillus subtilis is commonly found in association with different plant organs, providing protection against pathogens or stimulating plant growth. We report that application of B. subtilis to melon seeds results in genetic and physiological responses in seeds that alter the metabolic and developmental status in 5-d and 1-month-old plants upon germination. We analysed mutants in different components of the extracellular matrix of B. subtilis biofilms in interaction with seeds and found cooperation in bacterial colonization of seed storage tissues and growth promotion. Combining confocal microscopy with fluorogenic probes, we found that two specific components of the extracellular matrix, amyloid protein TasA and fengycin, differentially increased the concentrations of reactive oxygen species inside seeds. Further, using electron and fluorescence microscopy and metabolomics, we showed that both TasA and fengycin targeted the oil bodies in the seed endosperm, resulting in specific changes in lipid metabolism and accumulation of glutathione-related molecules. In turn, this results in two different plant growth developmental programmes: TasA and fengycin stimulate the development of radicles, and fengycin alone stimulate the growth of adult plants and resistance in the phylloplane to the fungus Botrytis cinerea. Understanding mechanisms of bacterial growth promotion will enable the design of bespoke growth promotion strains. Mechanisms of growth promotion of Bacillus subtilis on melon seeds are identified using a combination of multi-omics and microscopy.
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Huang S, Tao R, Zhou J, Qian L, Wu J. Trans-10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice via Regulating the Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptotic Pathway and Enhancing Colonic Barrier Function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100821. [PMID: 35373915 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The objective of this study is to explore the effects of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), the major fatty acid in royal jelly, on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice ulcerative colitis (UC) and its potential mechanism of action. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty male C57BL/6 mice are randomly divided into five experimental groups: control, DSS, DSS + 25 (or 100)mg kg-1 d-1 10-HDA, and DSS + 200 mg kg-1 d-1 mesalazine (ME). UC is induced in mice using 2.5% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. During the induction, these UC mice are orally administrated 10-HDA or ME per day. Meanwhile, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/adenosine-triphosphate (ATP)-stimulated THP1 cells are used as a model to test the effects of 10-HDA. 10-HDA reduces DSS-induced pathological damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, neutrophil infiltration, and cytokine production in colonic tissue. Compared with the DSS group, the expressions of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (Caspase-1), gasdermin-D (GSDMD), N-terminal domain of gasdermin-D (N-GSDMD), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the colon are decreased after administration of 10-HDA. 10-HDA also elevates the barrier integrity and the expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin in colonic epithelium exposed to DSS. In THP1 cells, the inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis induced by LPS/ATP is inhibited by 10-HDA pretreatment. CONCLUSION 10-HDA alleviates DSS-induced colitis by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptotic pathway and enhancing colonic barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Huang
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ranran Tao
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiefei Zhou
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Linxi Qian
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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CD26 Deficiency Controls Macrophage Polarization Markers and Signal Transducers during Colitis Development and Resolution. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105506. [PMID: 35628317 PMCID: PMC9141856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial condition characterized by a destructive immune response that failed to be attenuated by common regulatory mechanisms which reduce inflammation and promote mucosa healing. The inhibition of CD26, a multifunctional glycoprotein that controls the immune response via its dipeptidyl peptidase (DP) 4 enzyme activity, was proven to have beneficial effects in various autoimmune inflammatory diseases. The polarization of macrophages into either pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 subclass is a key intersection that mediates the immune-inflammatory process in UC. Hence, we hypothesized that the deficiency of CD26 affects that process in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced model of UC. We found that mRNA expression of M2 markers arginase 1 and Fizz were increased, while the expression of M1 marker inducible NO synthase was downregulated in CD26−/− mice. Decreased STAT1 mRNA, as well as upregulated pSTAT6 and pSTAT3, additionally support the demonstrated activation of M2 macrophages under CD26 deficiency. Finally, we investigated DP8 and DP9, proteins with DP4-like activity, and found that CD26 deficiency is not a key factor for the noted upregulation of their expression in UC. In conclusion, we demonstrate that CD26 deficiency regulates macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, which is driven by STAT6/STAT3 signaling pathways. This process is additionally enhanced by the reduction of M1 differentiation via the suppression of proinflammatory STAT1. Therefore, further studies should investigate the clinical potential of CD26 inhibitors in the treatment of UC.
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Alagbaoso CA, Mizuno M. LENTINULA EDODES POLYSACCHARIDES SUPPRESSED PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES EXPRESSION AND COLITIS IN MICE. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2022; 59:288-295. [PMID: 35830043 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.202202000-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polysaccharides from edible mushrooms possess immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities. Recent studies indicated that necroptosis plays a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and mediates increased expression of inflammatory cytokines. OBJECTIVE Therefore, it is imperative to determine the impact of polysaccharide extract from Lentinula edodes (L. edodes) on inflammatory cytokines in experimental model of colitis in mice. METHODS Female C57BL/6 mice divided into three or four mice per group were used for this study. Polysaccharide sample was orally administered to mice prior to (7 days) and during colitis induction with 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (7 days), followed by additional 3 days of administration. Changes in body weight and colon length were used as markers for colitis, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) expressions, as well as necroptosis were analyzed in the colon of colitis mice. Data obtained were analysed by Tukey-Kramer and two-tailed standard t tests. RESULTS The results indicated that the polysaccharide sample suppressed colitis in mice using effects on the body weight and colon length as markers. Also, it was demonstrated that necrostatin-1, a specific inhibitor of necroptosis, suppressed the expression of interleukin (IL)-8, a pro-inflammatory chemokine, in Caco-2 cells induced necroptosis induced by zVAD and TNF-α, an indication that necroptosis may be involved in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the polysaccharide sample suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and interferon (IFN)-γ in the colon of mice. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the suppressive effects of the polysaccharide sample on inflammatory cytokines expression may contribute to its anti-colitis effect, and so may serve as a potent therapeutic agent against inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masashi Mizuno
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Japan
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Mukhopadhyay S, Saha S, Chakraborty S, Prasad P, Ghosh A, Aich P. Differential colitis susceptibility of Th1- and Th2-biased mice: A multi-omics approach. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264400. [PMID: 35263357 PMCID: PMC8906622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The health and economic burden of colitis is increasing globally. Understanding the role of host genetics and metagenomics is essential to establish the molecular basis of colitis pathogenesis. In the present study, we have used a common composite dose of DSS to compare the differential disease severity response in C57BL/6 (Th1 biased) and BALB/c (Th2 biased) mice with zero mortality rates. We employed multi-omics approaches and developed a newer vector analysis approach to understand the molecular basis of the disease pathogenesis. In the current report, comparative transcriptomics, metabonomics, and metagenomics analyses revealed that the Th1 background of C57BL/6 induced intense inflammatory responses throughout the treatment period. On the contrary, the Th2 background of BALB/c resisted severe inflammatory responses by modulating the host’s inflammatory, metabolic, and gut microbial profile. The multi-omics approach also helped us discover some unique metabolic and microbial markers associated with the disease severity. These biomarkers could be used in diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Mukhopadhyay
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Khurdha, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Subha Saha
- Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Subhayan Chakraborty
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Khurdha, Odisha, India
| | - Punit Prasad
- Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Arindam Ghosh
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Khurdha, Odisha, India
| | - Palok Aich
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Khurdha, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
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Schützhold V, Gravemeyer J, Bicker A, Hager T, Padberg C, Schäfer J, Wrobeln A, Steinbrink M, Zeynel S, Hankeln T, Becker JC, Fandrey J, Winning S. Knockout of Factor-Inhibiting HIF ( Hif1an) in Colon Epithelium Attenuates Chronic Colitis but Does Not Reduce Colorectal Cancer in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1280-1291. [PMID: 35121641 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease such as chronic colitis promotes colorectal cancer, which is a common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Hypoxia is a characteristic of inflammation as well as of solid tumors and enforces a gene expression response controlled by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Once established, solid tumors are immunosuppressive to escape their abatement through immune cells. Although HIF activity is known to 1) promote cancer development and 2) drive tumor immune suppression through the secretion of adenosine, both prolyl hydroxylases and an asparaginyl hydroxylase termed factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH) negatively regulate HIF. Thus, FIH may act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer development. In this study, we examined the role of colon epithelial FIH in a mouse model of colitis-induced colorectal cancer. We recapitulated colitis-associated colorectal cancer development in mice using the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate model in Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f and wild-type siblings. Colon samples were analyzed regarding RNA and protein expression and histology. Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f mice showed a less severe colitis progress compared with FIH+f/+f animals and a lower number of infiltrating macrophages in the inflamed tissue. RNA sequencing analyses of colon tissue revealed a lower expression of genes associated with the immune response in Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f mice. However, tumor occurrence did not significantly differ between Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f and wild-type mice. Thus, FIH knockout in colon epithelial cells did not modulate colorectal cancer development but reduced the inflammatory response in chronic colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Schützhold
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Gravemeyer
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Bicker
- Molekulargenetik und Genomanalyse, Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany; and
| | - Thomas Hager
- Institut für Pathologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Padberg
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jana Schäfer
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Wrobeln
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Seher Zeynel
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Molekulargenetik und Genomanalyse, Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany; and
| | - Jürgen Christian Becker
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany;
| | - Sandra Winning
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Reduced Colonic Mucosal Injury in 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-Dioxin Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase (TIPARP/PARP7)-Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020920. [PMID: 35055106 PMCID: PMC8779828 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) are important regulators of the immune system, including TCDD-inducible poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (TIPARP), also known as poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 7 (PARP7). PARP7 negatively regulates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling, both of which have been implicated in intestinal homeostasis and immunity. Since the loss of PARP7 expression increases AHR and IFN-I signaling, we used a murine dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model to investigate the effect of PARP7 loss on DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. DSS-exposed Parp7−/− mice had less body weight loss, lower disease index scores, and reduced expression of several inflammation genes, including interleukin IL-6, C-x-c motif chemokine ligand 1 (Cxcl1), and lipocalin-2, when compared with wild-type mice. However, no significant difference was observed between genotypes in the colonic expression of the AHR target gene cytochrome P450 1A1 (Cyp1a1). Moreover, no significant differences in microbial composition were observed between the genotypes. Our findings demonstrate that the absence of PARP7 protein results in an impaired immune response to colonic inflammation and suggests that PARP7 may participate in the recruitment of immune cells to the inflammation site, which may be due to its role in IFN-I signaling rather than AHR signaling.
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Seo H, Seong H, Kim GY, Jo YM, Cheon SW, Song Y, Ryu BH, Kang H, Han NS. Development of Anti-inflammatory Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri EFEL6901 as Kimchi Starter: in vitro and In vivo Evidence. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:760476. [PMID: 34899643 PMCID: PMC8656428 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.760476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of probiotic starters can improve the sensory and health-promoting properties of fermented foods. In this study, we developed an anti-inflammatory probiotic starter, Limosilactobacillus reuteri EFEL6901, for use in kimchi fermentation. The EFEL6901 strain was safe for use in foods and was stable under human gastrointestinal conditions. In in vitro experiments, EFEL6901 cells adhered well to colonic epithelial cells and decreased nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. In in vivo experiments, oral administration of EFEL6901 to DSS-induced colitis mice models significantly alleviated the observed colitis symptoms, prevented body weight loss, lowered the disease activity index score, and prevented colon length shortening. Analysis of these results indicated that EFEL6901 played a probiotic role by preventing the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improving gut barrier function, and up-regulating the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, EFEL6901 made a fast growth in a simulated kimchi juice and it synthesized similar amounts of metabolites in nabak-kimchi comparable to a commercial kimchi. This study demonstrates that EFEL6901 can be used as a suitable kimchi starter to promote gut health and product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyunbin Seong
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Ga Yun Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yu Mi Jo
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Seong Won Cheon
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Youngju Song
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Hee Ryu
- Fresh Food Research Division, Food BU, Daesang Corporation Research Institute, Icheon, South Korea
| | - Hee Kang
- Humanitas College, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Nam Soo Han
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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Papoutsis D, da Rocha SDC, Herfindal AM, Bøhn SK, Carlsen H. A High-Fat Western Diet Attenuates Intestinal Changes in Mice with DSS-Induced Low-Grade Inflammation. J Nutr 2021; 152:758-769. [PMID: 34865102 PMCID: PMC8891187 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A Western diet (WD) is associated with increased inflammation in the large intestine, which is often ascribed to the high dietary fat content. Intestinal inflammation in rodents can be induced by oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). However, most studies investigating effects of WD and DSS have not used appropriate low-fat diets (LFDs) as control. OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of a WD with those of an LFD on colon health in a DSS-induced low-grade colonic inflammation mouse model. METHODS Six-week-old male C57BL/6JRj mice were fed an LFD (fat = 10.3% energy, n = 24) or a WD (fat = 41.2% energy, n = 24) for 15 wk [Experiment 1 (Exp.1)]. Half the mice on each diet (n = 12) then received 1% DSS in water for 6 d with the remainder (n = 12 in each diet) administered water. Disease activity, proinflammatory genes, inflammatory biomarkers, and fecal microbiota (16S rRNA) were assessed (Exp.1). Follow-up experiments (Exp.2 and Exp.3) were performed to investigate whether fat source (milk or lard; Exp.2) affected outcomes and whether a shift from LFD to WD 1 d prior to 1% DSS exposure caused an immediate effect on DSS-induced inflammation (Exp.3). RESULTS In Exp.1, 1% DSS treatment significantly increased disease score in the LFD group compared with the WD group (2.7 compared with 0.8; P < 0.001). Higher concentrations of fecal lipocalin (11-fold; P < 0.001), proinflammatory gene expression (≤82-fold), and Proteobacteria were observed in LFD-fed mice compared with the WD group. The 2 fat sources in WDs (Exp.2) revealed the same low inflammation in WD+DSS mice compared with LFD+DSS mice. Finally, the switch from LFD to WD just before DSS exposure resulted in reduced colonic inflammation (Exp.3). CONCLUSIONS Herein, WDs (with milk or lard) protected mice against DSS-induced colonic inflammation compared with LFD-fed mice. Whether fat intake induces protective mechanisms against DSS-mediated inflammation or inhibits establishment of the DSS-induced colitis model is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papoutsis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Anne Mari Herfindal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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Chang CS, Liao YC, Huang CT, Lin CM, Cheung CHY, Ruan JW, Yu WH, Tsai YT, Lin IJ, Huang CH, Liou JS, Chou YH, Chien HJ, Chuang HL, Juan HF, Huang HC, Chan HL, Liao YC, Tang SC, Su YW, Tan TH, Bäumler AJ, Kao CY. Identification of a gut microbiota member that ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in intestinal barrier enhanced Dusp6-deficient mice. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110016. [PMID: 34818535 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Strengthening the gut epithelial barrier is a potential strategy for management of gut microbiota-associated illnesses. Here, we demonstrate that dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (Dusp6) knockout enhances baseline colon barrier integrity and ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colonic injury. DUSP6 mutation in Caco-2 cells enhances the epithelial feature and increases mitochondrial oxygen consumption, accompanied by altered glucose metabolism and decreased glycolysis. We find that Dusp6-knockout mice are more resistant to DSS-induced dysbiosis, and the cohousing and fecal microbiota transplantation experiments show that the gut/fecal microbiota derived from Dusp6-knockout mice also confers protection against colitis. Further culturomics and mono-colonialization experiments show that one gut microbiota member in the genus Duncaniella confers host protection from DSS-induced injury. We identify Dusp6 deficiency as beneficial for shaping the gut microbiota eubiosis necessary to protect against gut barrier-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherng-Shyang Chang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ting Huang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Mei Lin
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | | | - Jhen-Wei Ruan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsuan Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Lin
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Huang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, 30062, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Shian Liou
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, 30062, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsien Chou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Chien
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Chuang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Fen Juan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Center for Computational and Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Chan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Liao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shiue-Cheng Tang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Su
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hua Tan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Andreas J Bäumler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Cheng-Yuan Kao
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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López-Estévez S, Gris G, de la Puente B, Carceller A, Martínez V. Intestinal inflammation-associated hypersensitivity is attenuated in a DSS model of colitis in Sigma-1 knockout C57BL/6 mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112126. [PMID: 34474349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptors (σ1R) have been implicated in several pain pathways. We assessed the implication of σ1Rs in the development of intestinal inflammation and inflammation-associated referred hypersensitivity in a model of colitis in σ1R knockout (KO) mice. Colitis was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in wild type (WT) and σ1R KO mice. The development of referred mechanical hypersensitivity (von Frey test) was assessed. Colonic and spinal changes in expression of immune- and sensory-related markers were also investigated (RT-qPCR/Western blot). Absence of σ1Rs had little impact in colitis generation and progression, although during the chronic phase a reduction in edema and a down-regulation of iNOS gene expression was observed. In σ1R KO mice, inflammation-associated hypersensitivity was significantly attenuated (paw) or completely prevented (abdomen). During colitis, in WT mice, changes in the colonic expression of nociceptive markers were observed during the acute and chronic phases of inflammation. Although σ1R KO mice showed similar regulation in the acute phase, an attenuated response was observed during the chronic phase of colitis. These differences were especially relevant for CB2 and TRPV1 receptors, which could play an important role in σ1-mediated regulation of sensitivity. No changes were detected on ERK phosphorylation at the level of the lumbosacral spinal cord. In summary, intestinal inflammation-associated referred hyperalgesia was reduced (paw) or absent (abdomen) in σ1R KO mice, thus confirming an important role for σ1R in the development of colitis-associated hypersensitivity. These results identify σ1Rs as a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of hypersensitivity associated to intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López-Estévez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgia Gris
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz de la Puente
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Carceller
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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40
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Wang J, Shi K, Li S, Chen L, Liu W, Wu X, Shen Y, Sun Y, Cheng J, Wu X, Xu Q. Meisoindigo attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis via its inhibition of TAK1 in macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108239. [PMID: 34653728 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
At present, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) seriously threatens human health, and its treatment is a huge challenge for people. In our studies, we found that meisoindigo, a derivative of indirubin, significantly ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice. Meisoindigo treatment markedly elevated the level of glutathione, while suppressed the activities of alkaline phosphatase and myeloperoxidase in colonic tissues. Moreover, the mRNA expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, cyclooxygenase-2 which are important colitis-related molecules and the levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were suppressed dose-dependently following treatment with meisoindigo. Immunofluorescence results indicated that meisoindigo inhibited macrophage infiltration and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in colons from DSS-treated mice. Therefore, mouse RAW264.7 and human THP-1 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone or combined adenosine triphosphate to activate NF-κB pathway in vitro. It was shown that meisoindigo reduced the elevated levels of NO, IL-18, IL-1β and TNF-α after LPS treatment in both cells. In addition, meisoindigo showed inhibitory effects on NF-κB by using a luciferase reporter gene that depends on NF-κB. Through molecular docking, microscale thermophoresis and cellular thermal shift assay. It was further found that meisoindigo targeted transforming growth factor β activated kinase-1 (TAK1), which is an important regulator in the upstream of NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, our findings show that meisoindigo can alleviate IBD effectively at low doses, and negatively regulate proinflammatory responses by inhibiting the activation of TAK1, which provides new ideas for clinical anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuaifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Xuefeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Polese B, Thurairajah B, Zhang H, Soo CL, McMahon CA, Fontes G, Hussain SNA, Abadie V, King IL. Prostaglandin E 2 amplifies IL-17 production by γδ T cells during barrier inflammation. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109456. [PMID: 34320346 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing γδ (γδ17) T cells are innate-like lymphocytes that contribute to protective anti-microbial responses but are also implicated in pathogenic inflammation at barrier sites. Understanding tissue-specific signals that regulate this subset is important to boost host defense mechanisms, but also to mitigate immunopathology. Here, we demonstrate that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a cyclooxygenase-dependent member of the eicosanoid family, directly enhances cytokine production by circulating and tissue-specific γδ17 T cells in vitro. Gain- and loss-of-function in vivo approaches further reveal that although provision of PGE2 amplifies psoriasiform inflammation, ablation of host mPGES1-dependent PGE2 synthesis is dispensable for cutaneous γδ17 T cell activation. By contrast, loss of endogenous PGE2 production or depletion of the gut microbiota compromises intestinal γδ17 T cell responses and increases disease severity during experimental colitis. Together, our results demonstrate how a lipid mediator can synergize with tissue-specific signals to enhance innate lymphocyte production of IL-17 during barrier inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Polese
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Bavanitha Thurairajah
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Hualin Zhang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Cindy Leung Soo
- McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Clara A McMahon
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Ghislaine Fontes
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Sabah N A Hussain
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Valerie Abadie
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Irah L King
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
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42
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It is time to crowd your cell culture media - Physicochemical considerations with biological consequences. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120943. [PMID: 34139505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In vivo, the interior and exterior of cells is populated by various macromolecules that create an extremely crowded milieu. Yet again, in vitro eukaryotic cell culture is conducted in dilute culture media that hardly imitate the native tissue density. Herein, the concept of macromolecular crowding is discussed in both intracellular and extracellular context. Particular emphasis is given on how the physicochemical properties of the crowding molecules govern and determine kinetics, equilibria and mechanism of action of biochemical and biological reactions, processes and functions. It is evidenced that we are still at the beginning of appreciating, let alone effectively implementing, the potential of macromolecular crowding in permanently differentiated and stem cell culture systems.
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Mohamed SS, Abdeltawab NF, Wadie W, Ahmed LA, Ammar RM, Rabini S, Abdel-Aziz H, Khayyal MT. Effect of the standard herbal preparation, STW5, treatment on dysbiosis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in experimental colitis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:168. [PMID: 34103031 PMCID: PMC8188707 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standardized herbal preparation, STW 5, is effective clinically in functional gastrointestinal disorders and experimentally in ulcerative colitis (UC). The present study explores whether the beneficial effect of STW 5 involves influencing the intestinal microbiota. METHODS UC was induced in Wistar rats by feeding them 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. Rats were treated concurrently with STW 5 and sacrificed 24 h after last drug administration. Fecal samples were used to determine changes in the abundance of selected microbial phyla and genera using real-time PCR. RESULTS Induction of UC led to dysbiosis and changes in the gut microbiota. The changes included an increase in some genera of the Firmicutes, namely Enterococcus, and a decrease in others, namely Blautia, Clostridium, and Lactobacillus. DSS further induced a marked increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria as well as in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and its genus Bifidobacterium. Methanobrevibacter levels (phylum Euryarchaeota) were also increased. Microbial dysbiosis was associated with changes in various parameters of colonic inflammation. STW 5 effectively guarded against those changes and significantly affected the indices of edema and inflammation in the UC model. Changes in colon length, colon mass index, inflammatory and apoptotic markers, and histological changes induced by DSS were also prevented. CONCLUSIONS Dysbiosis plays a contributing role in the development of DSS-induced UC. Derangements in the microbial flora and associated inflammatory processes were largely prevented by STW 5, suggesting that this effect might contribute towards its beneficial usefulness in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nourtan F Abdeltawab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ramy M Ammar
- Bayer Consumer Health, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Sabine Rabini
- Bayer Consumer Health, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Heba Abdel-Aziz
- Bayer Consumer Health, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Mohamed T Khayyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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44
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Nishina T, Deguchi Y, Ohshima D, Takeda W, Ohtsuka M, Shichino S, Ueha S, Yamazaki S, Kawauchi M, Nakamura E, Nishiyama C, Kojima Y, Adachi-Akahane S, Hasegawa M, Nakayama M, Oshima M, Yagita H, Shibuya K, Mikami T, Inohara N, Matsushima K, Tada N, Nakano H. Interleukin-11-expressing fibroblasts have a unique gene signature correlated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2281. [PMID: 33863879 PMCID: PMC8052408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-11 is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines and is involved in multiple cellular responses, including tumor development. However, the origin and functions of IL-11-producing (IL-11+) cells are not fully understood. To characterize IL-11+ cells in vivo, we generate Il11 reporter mice. IL-11+ cells appear in the colon in murine tumor and acute colitis models. Il11ra1 or Il11 deletion attenuates the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. IL-11+ cells express fibroblast markers and genes associated with cell proliferation and tissue repair. IL-11 induces the activation of colonic fibroblasts and epithelial cells through phosphorylation of STAT3. Human cancer database analysis reveals that the expression of genes enriched in IL-11+ fibroblasts is elevated in human colorectal cancer and correlated with reduced recurrence-free survival. IL-11+ fibroblasts activate both tumor cells and fibroblasts via secretion of IL-11, thereby constituting a feed-forward loop between tumor cells and fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment. The stromal fibroblast population in the colon is composed of heterogeneous and distinct cell subtypes that play a crucial role in the development of colitis and colon cancer. Here the authors generate IL-11 reporter mice and characterize the origin and phenotype of inflammatory IL-11+ fibroblasts in colitis and colon cancer preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishina
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Deguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ohshima
- Department of Physiology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakami Takeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Ohtsuka
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan.,The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Soh Yamazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Kawauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Nakamura
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kojima
- Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mizuho Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mizuho Nakayama
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Shibuya
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetuo Mikami
- Department of Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Inohara
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norihiro Tada
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Host Defense Research Center, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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45
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Zhao Y, Luan H, Jiang H, Xu Y, Wu X, Zhang Y, Li R. Gegen Qinlian decoction relieved DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by modulating Th17/Treg cell homeostasis via suppressing IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:153519. [PMID: 33640781 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQ) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription that has been widely used for the treatment of bacterial dysentery and enteric typhoid fever. Recently, GQ has been clinically reported to be a potential candidate for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the immunoregulatory function of GQ in the treatment of UC has not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE This study focused on the role of immune imbalance in the pathogenesis of UC and the immunomodulatory effect of GQ in the treatment of UC. METHODS The UC model was established by treating female mice with 3.0% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 7 days, and GQ was orally administered at dosages of 1.5 and 7.5 g/kg/day. Inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA and qRT-PCR. Treg and Th17 cell dysregulation was analyzed by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Proteins related to IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling were detected by western blotting. RESULTS GQ significantly alleviated the symptoms of UC mice and suppressed the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO). Furthermore, the production of proinflammatory factors, such as IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, was dramatically reduced after GQ administration. Furthermore, GQ improved the infiltration of Treg and Th17 cells into the colons and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors, such as TGF-β1 and IL-17. The frequencies of Treg and Th17 cells in the Peyer's patches and spleen were reduced by GQ administration; however, GQ had no significant regulatory effect on normal mice. The western blotting results showed that GQ markedly suppressed the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 and decreased the transcription function of phosphorylated STAT3. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicated that GQ alleviated DSS-induced UC by suppressing IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling to restore Treg and Th17 cell homeostasis in colonic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haofan Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yingmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ruiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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46
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A myeloid-stromal niche and gp130 rescue in NOD2-driven Crohn's disease. Nature 2021; 593:275-281. [PMID: 33789339 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease that is frequently accompanied by aberrant healing and stricturing complications. Crosstalk between activated myeloid and stromal cells is critical in the pathogenicity of Crohn's disease1,2, and increases in intravasating monocytes are correlated with a lack of response to anti-TNF treatment3. The risk alleles with the highest effect on Crohn's disease are loss-of-function mutations in NOD24,5, which increase the risk of stricturing6. However, the mechanisms that underlie pathogenicity driven by NOD2 mutations and the pathways that might rescue a lack of response to anti-TNF treatment remain largely uncharacterized. Here we use direct ex vivo analyses of patients who carry risk alleles of NOD2 to show that loss of NOD2 leads to dysregulated homeostasis of activated fibroblasts and macrophages. CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells from carriers of NOD2 risk alleles produce cells that express high levels of collagen, and elevation of conserved signatures is observed in nod2-deficient zebrafish models of intestinal injury. The enrichment of STAT3 regulation and gp130 ligands in activated fibroblasts and macrophages suggested that gp130 blockade might rescue the activated program in NOD2-deficient cells. We show that post-treatment induction of the STAT3 pathway is correlated with a lack of response to anti-TNF treatment in patients, and demonstrate in vivo in zebrafish the amelioration of the activated myeloid-stromal niche using the specific gp130 inhibitor bazedoxifene. Our results provide insights into NOD2-driven fibrosis in Crohn's disease, and suggest that gp130 blockade may benefit some patients with Crohn's disease-potentially as a complement to anti-TNF therapy.
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47
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Madi JR, Outa AA, Ghannam M, Hussein HM, Shehab M, Hasan ZAKH, Fayad AA, Shirinian M, Rahal EA. Drosophila melanogaster as a Model System to Assess the Effect of Epstein-Barr Virus DNA on Inflammatory Gut Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:586930. [PMID: 33828545 PMCID: PMC8019809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.586930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) commonly infects humans and is highly associated with different types of cancers and autoimmune diseases. EBV has also been detected in inflamed gastrointestinal mucosa of patients suffering from prolonged inflammation of the digestive tract such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with no clear role identified yet for EBV in the pathology of such diseases. Since we have previously reported immune-stimulating capabilities of EBV DNA in various models, in this study we investigated whether EBV DNA may play a role in exacerbating intestinal inflammation through innate immune and regeneration responses using the Drosophila melanogaster model. We have generated inflamed gastrointestinal tracts in adult fruit flies through the administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), a sulfated polysaccharide that causes human ulcerative colitis- like pathologies due to its toxicity to intestinal cells. Intestinal damage induced by inflammation recruited plasmatocytes to the ileum in fly hindguts. EBV DNA aggravated inflammation by enhancing the immune deficiency (IMD) pathway as well as further increasing the cellular inflammatory responses manifested upon the administration of DSS. The study at hand proposes a possible immunostimulatory role of the viral DNA exerted specifically in the fly hindgut hence further developing our understanding of immune responses mounted against EBV DNA in the latter intestinal segment of the D. melanogaster gut. These findings suggest that EBV DNA may perpetuate proinflammatory processes initiated in an inflamed digestive system. Our findings indicate that D. melanogaster can serve as a model to further understand EBV-associated gastroinflammatory pathologies. Further studies employing mammalian models may validate the immunogenicity of EBV DNA in an IBD context and its role in exacerbating the disease through inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle R Madi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amani Al Outa
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirna Ghannam
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadi M Hussein
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwa Shehab
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeinab Al Kobra Haj Hasan
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Abou Fayad
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Margret Shirinian
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias A Rahal
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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48
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Shen S, Prame Kumar K, Wen SW, Shim R, Wanrooy BJ, Stanley D, Moore RJ, Van TTH, Robert R, Hickey MJ, Wong CHY. Deficiency of Dietary Fiber Modulates Gut Microbiota Composition, Neutrophil Recruitment and Worsens Experimental Colitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:619366. [PMID: 33708211 PMCID: PMC7940676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.619366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease of the colon that is associated with colonic neutrophil accumulation. Recent evidence indicates that diet alters the composition of the gut microbiota and influences host–pathogen interactions. Specifically, bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber produces metabolites called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have been shown to protect against various inflammatory diseases. However, the effect of fiber deficiency on the key initial steps of inflammation, such as leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions, is unknown. Moreover, the impact of fiber deficiency on neutrophil recruitment under basal conditions and during inflammation in vivo is unknown. Herein, we hypothesized that a fiber-deficient diet promotes an inflammatory state in the colon at baseline and predisposes the host to more severe colitis pathology. Mice fed a no-fiber diet for 14 days showed significant changes in the gut microbiota and exhibited increased neutrophil-endothelial interactions in the colonic microvasculature. Although mice fed a no-fiber diet alone did not have observable colitis-associated symptoms, these animals were highly susceptible to low dose (0.5%) dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced model of colitis. Supplementation of the most abundant SCFA, acetate, prevented no-fiber diet-mediated enrichment of colonic neutrophils and colitis pathology. Therefore, dietary fiber, possibly through the actions of acetate, plays an important role in regulating neutrophil recruitment and host protection against inflammatory colonic damage in an experimental model of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sj Shen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn Prame Kumar
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Shu Wen Wen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Raymond Shim
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Brooke J Wanrooy
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Dragana Stanley
- School of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhamptom, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert J Moore
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thi Thu Hao Van
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Remy Robert
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Connie H Y Wong
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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49
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Park H, Yeo S, Kang S, Huh CS. Longitudinal Microbiome Analysis in a Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model. Microorganisms 2021; 9:370. [PMID: 33673349 PMCID: PMC7917662 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been in focus for decades. Although metagenomic observations in patients/animal colitis models have been attempted, the microbiome results were still indefinite and broad taxonomic presumptions were made due to the cross-sectional studies. Herein, we conducted a longitudinal microbiome analysis in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model with a two-factor design based on serial DSS dose (0, 1, 2, and 3%) and duration for 12 days, and four mice from each group were sacrificed at two-day intervals. During the colitis development, a transition of the cecal microbial diversity from the normal state to dysbiosis and dynamic changes of the populations were observed. We identified genera that significantly induced or depleted depending on DSS exposure, and confirmed the correlations of the individual taxa to the colitis severity indicated by inflammatory biomarkers (intestinal bleeding and neutrophil-derived indicators). Of note, each taxonomic population showed its own susceptibility to the changing colitis status. Our findings suggest that an understanding of the individual susceptibility to colitis conditions may contribute to identifying the role of the gut microbes in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoon Park
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon 25354, Korea;
- Advanced Green Energy and Environment Institute, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Korea
| | - Soyoung Yeo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Seokwon Kang
- Department of Life Sciences, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Korea;
| | - Chul Sung Huh
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon 25354, Korea;
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon 25354, Korea
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50
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Dacquay LC, Tsang D, Chan D, Parkinson J, Philpott DJ, McMillen DR. E.coli Nissle increases transcription of flagella assembly and formate hydrogenlyase genes in response to colitis. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1994832. [PMID: 34751631 PMCID: PMC8583297 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1994832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN), a probiotic bacterium, has been employed in treating inflammatory bowel disease, but the nature of its therapeutic effect is not fully understood. Intestinal inflammation alters the environment, exposing the microbial population to new stresses and eliciting transcriptional responses. We administered EcN to germ-free mice and then compared its transcriptional response between DSS-treated and untreated conditions using RNA-seq analysis to identify 187 differentially expressed genes (119 upregulated, 68 downregulated) and verifying a subset with qRT-PCR. The upregulated genes included many involved in flagella biosynthesis and motility, as well as several members of the formate hydrogenlyase complex. Despite prior evidence that these pathways are both transcriptionally regulated by nitric oxide, in vitro tests did not establish that nitric oxide exposure alone elicited the transcriptional response. The results provide new information on the transcriptional response of EcN to inflammation and establish a basis for further investigation of its anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis C Dacquay
- Departments of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Cell and Systems Biology, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Derek Tsang
- Departments of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Cell and Systems Biology, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Donny Chan
- Departments of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Cell and Systems Biology, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - John Parkinson
- Departments of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Cell and Systems Biology, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dana J Philpott
- Departments of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Cell and Systems Biology, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David R McMillen
- Departments of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Cell and Systems Biology, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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