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Mnichil Z, Nibret E, Hailegebriel T, Demelash M, Mekonnen D. Prevalence and associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:51-64. [PMID: 38040991 PMCID: PMC10920553 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, lymphoma, and gastric cancer in humans. The prevalence and factors associated with H. pylori infection are varied across countries. Thus, a comprehensive review has not been done on prevalence and associated factors in East Africa. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and identify factors associated with H. pylori infection in East Africa. METHODS Articles written in English language were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. Relevant articles were selected and screened using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Publication bias was assessed qualitatively and qualitatively using funnel plot symmetry and Egger's test, respectively. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 measure. Data were analyzed using Stata software, version 14, and the "metan" command. RESULTS A total of 231 articles were retrieved from nineteen countries in East Africa. Of these, 70 articles were eligible for the review. The pooled prevalence of H. pylori in East Africa was 50.98% (95% CI: 45.05-56.90). The prevalence of H. pylori infection ranged from 7.7 to 94.5% in East African countries. The highest pooled prevalence was from Sudan (61.3%, 95% CI: 52.6-69.9), and the lowest prevalence was reported from Uganda (40.7%, 95% CI: 33-48.3). Persons with no formal education (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.22-2.83), lack of hand washing habit after toilet (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.45-3.02), having a history of dyspepsia (OR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.31-3.18), living in rural areas (OR = 1.80; 95% CI: 0.38-3.23), and having unclean water source (OR = 1.5; 95% CI:0.45-3.45) were all associated with higher risk for H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION More than half of the populations of East African countries were positive for H. pylori infection. Rural residence, source of water, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with H. pylori infection. Therefore, healthcare workers could provide health education on the aforementioned risk factors, and the government and other stakeholders could improve the source of drinking water in East Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebasil Mnichil
- Yilmana Densa Woreda Education Office, West Gojjam Zone, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Endalkachew Nibret
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Institute of Biotechnology (IOB), Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tamirat Hailegebriel
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
- Institute of Biotechnology (IOB), Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Maritu Demelash
- South Mecha Woreda Education Office, West Gojjam Zone, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Mekonnen
- Institute of Biotechnology (IOB), Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Kebede T, Ashenafi H. The Burden and Risk Factors of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among Government Employees Who Clinically Complain of Indigestion but Allergic Diseases in Southeastern Ethiopia: A Multi-Institution Cross-Sectional Study. Res Rep Trop Med 2024; 15:25-49. [PMID: 38406662 PMCID: PMC10885702 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s447203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is believed to have spread from East Africa, but its burden is still unknown in less privileged regions of Ethiopia. Indigestion is an upset stomach, upper abdomen discomfort, heartburn, and bloating. This study evaluated the burden and risk factors for H. pylori infection among government employees who clinically complained of indigestion but allergic diseases in five public health institutions in Southeastern Ethiopia. Methods A health facilities-based cross-sectional survey study was conducted in Southeastern Ethiopia from March to November 2022, employing cluster sampling. Blood specimens, clinical data, and semi-structured questionnaires about risk factors were collected. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression in STATA software, Windows version 16.1. Results The overall prevalence of infection was found to be 77.6%. The sampled health institution (ρ-value < 0.05), engagement in sideline business (ρ-value < 0.05), sharing local spoon on meal [AOR = 39.30; CI:19.52 -78.31; ρ-value < 0.001], admitting "Gursha" during meal [AOR = 71.48; CI:3.99 -1279.77; ρ-value < 0.05], the toilet type [AOR = 1410.98; CI:121.16 -16,431.19; ρ-value < 0.001], alcohol drinking [AOR = 15.15; CI:1.90 -120.62; ρ-value < 0.05], sleeping hours length [AOR = 15.01; CI:13.48-55.96; ρ-value < 0.001], chewing Khat [AOR = 76.73; CI:8.57-687.07; ρ-value < 0.001], and regular hand washing before eating [AOR = 0.15; CI:0.12-0.19; ρ-value < 0.05] were the independent predictors of H. pylori infection. Conclusion The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection in Southeastern Ethiopia is agonizingly high, exceeding the world average by 27.6%, the first report, and seems to be one of the neglected infectious diseases. Hence, the Oromia Region Health Bureau should reinvigorate the basic infectious disease control methods, establish routine laboratory diagnostic platforms, and intervene in selected societal practices spreading infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taye Kebede
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Immunology, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Robe, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa Administration City, Ethiopia
| | - Hagos Ashenafi
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa Administration City, Ethiopia
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Ashenafi G, Aliyo A, Tilahun D, Gemechu T, Dedecha W, Husen O, Sisay B. Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among Patients Attending Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia: Five-Year Trends. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2024; 11:23333928241253684. [PMID: 38779589 PMCID: PMC11110529 DOI: 10.1177/23333928241253684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Around half of the world's population is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), according to data from a recent systematic review. H. pylori infection is extremely common around the world. It is the most prevalent disease in Ethiopia and contributes to both morbidity and mortality. Patients with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and stomach cancer have been reported to harbor H. pylori. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the trends of Helicobacter Pylori infection among patients attending the Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital from 2018-2022, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. Method A hospital-based retrospective study design was conducted to recruit 314 sampled data from the logbook, which were five-year data (2018-2022) from the Bule Hora University Teaching Hospitals. Data were extracted using structured checklists. The sample size was calculated using the single-population proportion formula. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered in EpiData 4.6 and exported to SPSS Version 26 for analysis. Results Approximately 314 complete data from selected participants were collected and evaluated for the present study. The mean age was 29.01 (SD ± 4.93). Most of the respondents (39.2%) were in the age group of 21 to 30 years. The general prevalence of H. pylori observed in this study is 28% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23-32.9). The prevalence was higher in women (71.6%) than in men (28.4%). In terms of age category, those over 60 years of age were observed with the highest positiveness for H. pylori with 38.1% and the trend of H. pylori prevalence fluctuated from 2018 to 2022. Conclusion In total, 28% of the study participants had H. pylori, but there was variation in the prevalence of H. pylori infection between 2018 and 2022. Compared to other age groups, the 60-year-old age group had a higher prevalence of H. pylori and this prevalence continued to increase annually. The concerned parties must be interested in raising awareness and establishing criteria for the eradication of these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Ashenafi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Alqeer Aliyo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Dangamyelew Tilahun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Tibeso Gemechu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Wako Dedecha
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Oliyad Husen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Sisay
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Borka Balas R, Meliț LE, Mărginean CO. Worldwide Prevalence and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091359. [PMID: 36138669 PMCID: PMC9498111 DOI: 10.3390/children9091359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is usually acquired during childhood. The reports from the last two decades pointed out a decrease in H. pylori prevalence across geographical areas worldwide compared to previously reported data. Most of the studies performed in America found an overall H. pylori infection prevalence of approximately 50%. The most important risk factors in America include being male, poor adherence or difficult access to treatment, and the lack of in-home water service. Despite the descending trend in prevalence worldwide, the overall prevalence in Africa remains very high (70%). Nevertheless, the prevalence of H. pylori in children without gastrointestinal who underwent screening was reported to be only 14.2%. The main risk factors in Africa are having a traditional pit or no toilet, poverty, birth order, source of drinking water, or being a farmer. Asia seems to have the widest variations in terms of H. pylori prevalence. Several risk factors were reported in Asia to be associated with this infection, such as lower income and educational level, house crowding, rural residence, ethnicity, the use of tanks as water supplies, alcohol drinking, active smoking, eating spicy food or raw uncooked vegetables, poor living conditions and sanitation. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection in European children is almost 25%. Portugal has the highest prevalence of all European countries at 66.2% in children 13 years of age. The risk factors in European individuals consist of living in rural areas, eating unwashed fruits and vegetables, not washing hands after school, low parental education and unemployment, and short education duration. Further studies are required to identify the precise mechanisms involved in the discrepancies of H. pylori prevalence worldwide.
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Ismail MB, Osman M, Bou Raad E, Achkar M, Hamze M. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among dyspeptic patients in northern Lebanon: a 6-year retrospective study in two tertiary hospitals. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:000337. [PMID: 35812710 PMCID: PMC9260095 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis and plays a significant role in duodenal/gastric ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Its prevalence varies among different populations and geographical areas. Here, in a hospital-based retrospective study, we investigated the seroprevalence of H. pylori infection in northern Lebanon. We examined the records of 4000 consecutive dyspeptic patients attending 2 tertiary care centres in the North (Tripoli) and Akkar (Halba) governorates. Seropositivity for H. pylori was determined using enzyme immunoassays investigating specific anti- H. pylori IgG antibodies. The association of infection with the available patients' demographic characteristics was also evaluated. The mean age of our study population was 36.9±16.6 years. With 2486 female and 1514 male subjects, the overall female/male ratio was 1.64. In total, H. pylori seropositivity was detected in 1367/4000 (34.2 %) tested individuals. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that H. pylori infection is less prevalent in female than in male examined patients [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.84; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.73-0.96; P<0.013]. Seroprevalence gradually increased with age - from 14.6 % in patients below 18 years to 42.9 % in those above 49 years - and was significantly higher among Akkar patients compared to those from the North governorate: 49.6 versus 28.7 %, respectively (P<0.001). Overall, a third of symptomatic patients in northern Lebanon are infected with H. pylori . However, the prevalence of infection was markedly different in close geographical zones in this region. Additional screening studies using different screening methods are needed in the future to determine the accurate prevalence of this bacterium and its clinical implications to establish efficient national intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Bachar Ismail
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli,, Lebanon
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli,, Lebanon
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- Clinical Laboratory, El Youssef Hospital Center, Halba, Lebanon
| | - Elie Bou Raad
- Clinical Laboratory, El Youssef Hospital Center, Halba, Lebanon
| | - Marcel Achkar
- Clinical Laboratory, Nini Hospital, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli,, Lebanon
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Naushad VA, Purayil NK, Badi A, Chandra P, Abuzaid HO, Abuhmaira MM, Lutf A, Paramba F, Varikkodan I, Elzouki ANY. Potential Predictors and Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Adult Patients With Dyspepsia: A Retrospective Study From Qatar. Cureus 2021; 13:e16216. [PMID: 34367816 PMCID: PMC8341225 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To study the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection among dyspeptic patients of various ethnic origins in Qatar and determine the association between H. pylori infection and various demographic factors and endoscopic findings. Methods A retrospective data review was carried at Alkhor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar. Adult patients who underwent endoscopy for the evaluation of dyspepsia between January 2011 to December 2017 were included. Patients who underwent endoscopy for reasons other than dyspepsia and those with incomplete data were excluded. Results Of the 638 subjects included, 58.9% were males, and the mean age of the subjects was 42.2 years (range 18-79 years). Epigastric pain (80.6%) was the most common symptom, followed by heartburn (26.2%). Forty point nine percent (40.9%) had a positive Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) test for H. pylori. A higher prevalence of H. pylori infection was observed among subjects between 31-50 years of age (43.6%) and 18-30 years (40.5%), and in Asian (42.2%) and Middle East and North African nationals (MENA) nationals (40%). Among the endoscopic findings, esophagitis (P=0.002) and gastritis (P=0.001) showed a statistically significant correlation with H. pylori positivity. Univariate regression analysis revealed an increased risk for H. pylori infection among all age groups except above 65 years, with an odds ratio (OR) of more than 2 in all the three age groups. Among various ethnicities, patients from Asia and MENA countries showed an increased risk of getting H. pylori infection (OR 1.16, 95% CI; 0.77,1.75 and OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.70,-1.61 respectively). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that subjects with endoscopic findings of esophagitis (adjusted OR 1.67, 95%CI 1.19, 2.34; P=0.003), gastritis (adjusted OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.27, 2.57; P=0.001), and duodenal ulcer (adjusted OR 2.41, 95%CI 1.24, 4.70; P=0.010) remained significantly associated with an increased risk of having H. pylori infection. Conclusion The burden of H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia undergoing endoscopy is not low in Qatar. Less than 65 years of age, Asian nationals, and being from the MENA region were the demographic predictors for H. pylori infection. The finding of esophagitis, gastritis, and duodenal ulcer on endoscopy were independent endoscopic predictors for having H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamanjore A Naushad
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, QAT
| | - Nishan K Purayil
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT
| | - Ahmad Badi
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT
| | - Prem Chandra
- Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| | - Hassan O Abuzaid
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT
| | - Mohamed Milad Abuhmaira
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT
| | - Abdo Lutf
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT
| | - Firjeeth Paramba
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, QAT
| | | | - Abdel-Naser Y Elzouki
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT.,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, QAT
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Haile K, Timerga A. Evaluation of Hematological Parameters of Helicobacter pylori-Infected Adult Patients at Southern Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. J Blood Med 2021; 12:77-84. [PMID: 33654446 PMCID: PMC7910148 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s294958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a global public health problem, a higher burden of the infection was reported in developing countries including Ethiopia. It has been associated with several gastrointestinal diseases, and recently implicated in some hematological abnormalities. Despite the high prevalence of H. pylori infection in Ethiopia, there was limited data regarding the relationship between hematological parameters with H. pylori infection. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate selected hematological parameters of H. pylori-infected patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Referral Hospital (WUNEMMRH), Hosanna, Southern, Ethiopia. METHODS AND MATERIALS A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2019 among 374 (187 H. pylori-infected patients and 187controls) study participants. Data on socio-demographic characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. A five-milliliter venous blood sample was collected for hematological parameter analysis. Approximately two gram of stool specimen was collected to assess the presence of H. pylori antigen. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Pearson correlation analysis and independent sample T-test was performed, and P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Mean value of Hgb (p<0.001), RBC count (p<0.001), HCT (p<0.001), MCV (p=0.003), MCH (p=0.008), and MCHC (p=0.006) of H. pylori-infected patients were significantly lower than control group. However, the mean value of RDW (p=0.003) in H. pylori-infected patients was significantly higher than in the control group. About 13.3%, 7%, 6.4%, and 18.2% of H. pylori-infected patients showed reduced Hgb concentration, RBC count, HCT, and MCV values, respectively. CONCLUSION The study showed a statistically significant difference in the mean value of Hgb, RBC count, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and RDW of H. pylori-infected patients and controls. Thus, hematological parameters should be considered for proper diagnosis and management of H. pylori-infected patients and eradication of this microorganism from infected patients, determination of hematological parameters for H. pylori-infected patients were recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassahun Haile
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Timerga
- Department of Biomedical Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Haile K, Yemane T, Tesfaye G, Wolde D, Timerga A, Haile A. Anemia and its association with Helicobacter pylori infection among adult dyspeptic patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammad Memorial Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245168. [PMID: 33444345 PMCID: PMC7808578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is a worldwide public health problem and also associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Determining the association of anemia with H. pylori infection is important to develop evidence-based decision and intervention strategies, which is not well known in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the association between anemia and H. pylori infection among adult dyspeptic patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammad Memorial Referral Hospital in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2019 involving 362 consecutive adult dyspeptic patients who came to the hospital during the study period. Socio-demographic, clinical and other related data were collected by structured questionnaires. Four milliliters of the venous blood sample was collected for hematological parameters analysis and blood film preparation. A stool sample was collected to detect H. pylori antigen and intestinal parasites. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21. Logistic regression analyses were performed and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The overall prevalence of anemia among dyspeptic patients was 24.3% (95%CI: 19.9-28.7). Among H.pylori infected participants 29.2% were anemic, of which 69.2% had mild anemia and 63.5% had normocytic normochromic anemia. Rural residence (AOR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.1-3.3), H. pylori infection (AOR: 1.77, 95%CI: 1.05-2.98) and intestinal parasitic infection (AOR: 2.14, 95%CI: 1.14-4.03) were significantly associated with anemia. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anemia in this study indicated that it is a moderate public health problem. Rural residence, H. pylori and intestinal parasitic infection were significantly associated with anemia. The findings of this study should be taken into account for the prevention and control of anemia among dyspeptic adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassahun Haile
- Departement of Medical Laboratory Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Yemane
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Girum Tesfaye
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Deneke Wolde
- Departement of Medical Laboratory Science, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Timerga
- Department of Biomedical Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Admasu Haile
- Departement of Medical Laboratory Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Kahase D, Haile K. Helicobacter pylori Infection and Predictors Among Dyspeptic Adult Patients in Southwest Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study. Res Rep Trop Med 2020; 11:141-147. [PMID: 33244288 PMCID: PMC7683498 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s282557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, H. pylori infection affects approximately 4.4 billion people. The burden of the infection varies within and between countries, with a higher prevalence reported from developing countries including Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and predictors of H. pylori infection among dyspeptic patients who visited Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods Consecutive willing dyspeptic adult patients (n=405) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study done from September to December 18, 2019. Socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of the study participants were gathered by a pretested structured questionnaire. Stool samples were examined for H. pylori antigens using Wondfo one step H. pylori feces test kit. SPSS version 20 was utilized to compute descriptive statistics, binary and multivariate logistic regression. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Mean age of patients was 30 (± 7.4 SD) years, and 56.8% of participants were females. About 51.4% (208/405) of adult dyspeptic patients were infected with H. pylori. Being female gender (AOR꞊ 2.56, CI 95% ꞊1.61-4.07, p꞊0.001), consumption of alcohol (AOR꞊1.95, CI 95% ꞊1.02-3.73, p꞊ 0.019) and being undernourished (underweighted) (AOR꞊ 4.59, CI 95%꞊ 1.28-16.45, p꞊0.019) were independent predictors of H. pylori infection. Conclusion In the study area, high (51.4%) magnitude of H. pylori infection was observed in dyspeptic patients and significantly associated with female gender, alcohol consumption, and undernourishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kahase
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Haile
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Belay AS, Abateneh DD, Yehualashet SS. <p>Seroprevalence of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> Infection and Associated Factors Among Adult Dyspeptic Patients in Public Health Facilities, Mizan Aman Town, Southwest, Ethiopia: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study</p>. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:577-585. [PMID: 32982374 PMCID: PMC7490056 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s273523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori infection is a public health problem associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. It is endemic in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess seroprevalence of H. pylori infection and associated factors among adults’ dyspeptic patients in public health facilities of Mizan Aman Town, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted in public health facilities of Mizan Aman Town, from April 1, 2018, to June 30, 2018. A total of 208 adult dyspeptic patients were included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Serum was tested for anti-H. pylori antibody using a commercial test strip. Data were entered using Epi info 6.04 and exported to SPSS 21 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was employed and OR with 95% CI was retrieved. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results A total of 208 participants were interviewed. The mean age of respondents was 31.70 (SD ±9.123) years. Seroprevalence of H. pylori infection was 89 (42.8%). Presence of domestic animals (AOR = 13.33, 95% CI = (2.203–80.692)), sources of drinking water (AOR = 0.011, 95% CI = (0.001–0.110)), toilet type (AOR = 11.236, 95% CI = (1.921–65.73)), shared beds with siblings (AOR = 7.775, 95% CI = (1.676–36.082)), family size (AOR = 0.015, 95% CI = (0.003, 0.089)), storing and reusing water (AOR =0.014, 95% CI = (0.002–0.103)) and occupational status (AOR = 23.33, 95% CI = (2.034–67.661)) were variables significantly associated with seroprevalence of H. pylori. Conclusion Seroprevalence of H. pylori infection is relatively high in Ethiopia. Family size, shared bed, presences of domestic animals, storage and reuse of water, toilet type, sources of drinking water, and occupation were significant factors associated with H. pylori infection. The possible identified modifiable risk factors should be addressed through effective health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemayehu Sayih Belay
- Mizan Tepi University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Alemayehu Sayih Belay Mizan Tepi University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, P.O. Box: 260, Mizan Teferi, EthiopiaTel +251-911669861 Email
| | - Dejene Derseh Abateneh
- Mizan Tepi University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
- Kotebe Metropolitan University, Menelik II College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sisay Shewasinad Yehualashet
- Mizan Tepi University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
- Debre Berhan University, Institute of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
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Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Occurrence of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Kulito Health Center, Halaba Zone, South Ethiopia, 2018. Anemia 2020; 2020:6574358. [PMID: 32774917 PMCID: PMC7396113 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6574358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia in pregnancy is defined as a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of less than 11 grams (gm)/deciliter (dl) in venous blood. Globally, it affects 1.62 billion people. In developing countries, anemia is a major cause of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Globally, anemia contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths. Nearly 50% of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Helicobacter pylori (HP). High prevalence of HP among pregnant women was also reported in developing countries than developed ones. The association between HP infection and occurrence of anemia is not well known in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between anemia and Helicobacter pylori infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care follow-up in Kulito Health Center, Halaba Zone, South Ethiopia. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was employed. Systematic random sampling procedure was employed to select 236 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Kulito Health Center. An interviewer-administered questionnaire supplemented by laboratory tests was used to obtain the data. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Results The prevalence of anemia among antenatal care attendant pregnant women of Kulito Health Center was 27.5% with 36 (15.2%) of mild, 29 (12.3%) of moderate, and no severe cases of anemia. The overall prevalence of HP infection among study participants was found to be 129 (54.7%) (95% CI: 47.9–61.4). Factors significantly associated with anemia were presence of HP infection (AOR = 3.064, 95% CI: 1.336 7.027), low interpregnancy gap (AOR = 2.863, 95% CI: 1.245–6.582), being on the third trimester (AOR = 6.457; 95% CI: 1.276–32.729), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) level <21 cm (AOR = 2.595, 95% CI: 1.044–6.450). Conclusion This study revealed that anemia and HP infection were highly prevalent among pregnant women attending the antenatal follow-up clinic in Kulito Health Center. HP infection, low interpregnancy gap, being on the third trimester, and MUAC less than 21 cm were the independent factors associated with anemia. Recommendation. Pregnant women should be aware that anemia is a problem that can be prevented by early prevention and treatment of HP infection and undernutrition, using family planning to widen the interpregnancy gap. Further experimental studies are warranted to determine the cause and effect of the association between anemia and HP infection.
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Schacher K, Spotts H, Correia C, Walelign S, Tesfaye M, Desta K, Tsegaye A, Taye B. Individual and household correlates of Helicobacter pylori infection among Young Ethiopian children in Ziway, Central Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:310. [PMID: 32334539 PMCID: PMC7183626 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Investigating distinct individual- and household-level risk factors for acquiring Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can inform disease prevention efforts and implicate possible routes of transmission. This study determined the magnitude of H. pylori infection among schoolchildren in Ziway, central Ethiopia and identified personal and household correlates of H. pylori infection in young Ethiopian children. Methods A total of 434 schoolchildren participated in this cross-sectional study. Infection status was assessed using antigen and antibody rapid tests. Demographic and lifestyle information was obtained from parents via an interviewer-led questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the relationships between potential individual- and household-level risk factors and H. pylori infection. Results The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 65.7% (285/434). Of the personal variables assessed, the age group 10–14 years was found to be significantly associated with higher odds of H. pylori infection in univariate analysis (COR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.06–4.66, p = 0.03) and remained positively correlated after adjusting for confounding factors. Of the household-level factors explored, having a traditional pit or no toilet was found to be significantly associated with 3.93-fold higher odds of H. pylori infection (AOR = 3.93, 95% CI: 1.51–10.3, p = 0.01), while the presence of smokers in the household was associated with 68% lower odds of infection (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11–0.89, p = 0.03). Conclusion This study from a developing country provides additional evidence for older age as a personal risk factor for H. pylori infection and identifies correlations between socioeconomic and sanitation household factors and positive childhood infection status. The associations reported here support the hypothesized fecal-oralroute of transmission for H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Schacher
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, 214 Olin Hall, 13 Oak Dr., Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA
| | - Hannah Spotts
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, 214 Olin Hall, 13 Oak Dr., Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA
| | - Caroline Correia
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, 214 Olin Hall, 13 Oak Dr., Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA
| | - Sosina Walelign
- Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mehret Tesfaye
- Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Desta
- Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aster Tsegaye
- Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bineyam Taye
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, 214 Olin Hall, 13 Oak Dr., Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA.
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Children Aged 1 to 15 Years at Holy Innocents Children's Hospital, Mbarara, South Western Uganda. J Trop Med 2019; 2019:9303072. [PMID: 30984271 PMCID: PMC6431523 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9303072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori infection affects more than half of the world's population. The infection is generally acquired during childhood but can remain asymptomatic, with long-term clinical sequelae including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer. Methods The study was approved by Institutional Review Committee of Mbarara University of Science and Technology. After obtaining informed consent from parents/legal guardians, illegible children who presented with gastrointestinal complaints at Holy Innocents Children's Hospital were recruited; structured questionnaires were administered to the parents/guardians to collect information on sociodemographic data and risk factors of H. pylori infection. Four (4) millilitres of blood was collected from each child and tested for H. pylori blood Antibody test and stool specimens were used for H. pylori antigen test. Results The prevalence of H. pylori infection among the study participants was 24.3%. The infection rate increased with increase in age of the participants, from 16.2% among 1to 5 years old to 27.2% among 6 to 10 years. Infections were higher among school going children (68/74, p=0.003, OR 3.9; CI: 1.5 to 10.6) and children from crowded households (59/74, p<0.001, OR 2.6, and CI 1.3 to 5.0), unsafe source of drinking water at schools (46/74, p=0.003), and lack of sanitary facility at homes (57/74, p=0.001, and OR 1.6 CI 0.7 to 3.6). Conclusion The prevalence of H. pylori infection among children aged 1 to 15 years at Holy Innocents Children's Hospital was high and increases with age. School attendance, lack of sanitary facility, lack of safe drinking water, and overcrowding were the risk factors associated with H. pylori infection.
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Shiferaw G, Abera D. Magnitude of Helicobacter pylori and associated risk factors among symptomatic patients attending at Jasmin internal medicine and pediatrics specialized private clinic in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:118. [PMID: 30727997 PMCID: PMC6364427 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 50% of the people are infected worldwide with H. pylori which causes significant public health morbidity and mortality. The distribution is quite different from country to country. Hence, early information is very important to prevent upper gastrointestinal complications. The current study aimed to assess the magnitude of H. pylori and associated risk factors among symptomatic patients attending at Jasmin internal medicine and pediatrics specialized private clinic from August 2017 until May 2018 in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 487 patients with upper gastrointestinal tract complaints attending at Jasmin internal medicine and pediatrics specialized private clinic from August 2017 until May 2018. Convenient sampling technique was used to enroll participants. Information regarding to risk factors was assessed using structured questionnaire. Stool samples were collected for H. pylori antigen test. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version20 statistical software and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The overall prevalence of H. pylori among participants using stool antigen was 36.8% (n = 179/487). Regarding to family income status, those who have low monthly income were more likely to be infected with H. pylori infection (AOR = 6.056, CI 95% = 1.603-22.881, P = 0.037). In addition, families with low educational level were more likely to be infected with H. pylori infection than higher level education (AOR = 4.150, CI95% = 1.059-16.270, P = 0.041). Number of family members in the house-hold, type of toilet they used and source of drinking water were not significantly associated with H. pylori infection. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 36.8% and it was related to low income and low education levels. This finding calls for improving the socioeconomic status of the community. Moreover, further studies are needed to investigate potential risk factors for H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemechu Shiferaw
- School of medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dessie Abera
- Department of medical laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Melese A, Genet C, Zeleke B, Andualem T. Helicobacter pylori infections in Ethiopia; prevalence and associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:8. [PMID: 30630433 PMCID: PMC6327617 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infections are prevalent and recognized as major cause of gastrointestinal diseases in Ethiopia. However, Studies conducted on the prevalence, risk factors and other clinical forms of H.pylori on different population and geographical areas are reporting conflicting results. Therefore, this review was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of H.pylori infections and associated factors in Ethiopia. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Google scholar, and Ethiopian Universities' repositories were searched following the Preferred Items for Systematic review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale in meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics based on the random effects model. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA 2.0) and Review Manager (RevMan 5.3) were employed to compute the pooled prevalence and summary odds ratios of factors associated with of H.pylori infection. RESULTS Thirty seven studies with a total of 18,890 participants were eligible and included in the analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of H.pylori infection was 52.2% (95% CI: 45.8-58.6). In the subgroup analysis by region, the highest prevalence was found in Somalia (71%; 95% CI: 32.5-92.6) and the lowest prevalence was reported in Oromia (39.9%; 95% CI: 17.3-67.7). Absence of hand washing after toilet (OR = 1.8, 95% CI; 1.19-2.72), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.34, 95% CI; 1.03-1.74) and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (OR = 2.23, 95% CI; 1.59-3.14) were associated with H.pylori infection. The trend of H.pylori infection showed a decreasing pattern overtime from 1990 to 2017 in the meta-regression analysis. CONCLUSION The prevalence of H.pylori infection remains high; more than half of Ethiopians were infected. Although the trend of infection showed a decreasing pattern; appropriate use of eradication therapy, health education primarily to improve knowledge and awareness on the transmission dynamics of the bacteria, behavioral changes, adequate sanitation, population screening and diagnosis using multiple tests are required to reduce H.pylori infections. Recognizing the bacteria as a priority issue and designing gastric cancer screening policies are also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addisu Melese
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Chalachew Genet
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Balew Zeleke
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Andualem
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debra Tabor, Ethiopia
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Aminde JA, Dedino GA, Ngwasiri CA, Ombaku KS, Mahop Makon CA, Aminde LN. Helicobacter pylori infection among patients presenting with dyspepsia at a primary care setting in Cameroon: seroprevalence, five-year trend and predictors. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:30. [PMID: 30621610 PMCID: PMC6325826 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Almost half the world’s population is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with the highest reported prevalence from Africa. This infection is associated with several morbid gastrointestinal conditions. Understanding the trends in seroprevalence and the factors associated with H. pylori seropositivity in dyspeptic persons can provide a guide for public health policies. Methods This was a retrospective study, carried out with outpatient records of Wum District Hospital (WDH) from January 2012 to December 2016. We reviewed records of all patients for whom a H. pylori serology test was requested. The Cochran-Armitage trend test and multiple regression models were used to explore seroprevalence trends and predictors of seropositivity respectively. Results We included 451 records, 63.6% (n = 287) were female. The mean age of the study population was 40.7 years, and the overall H. pylori seroprevalence was 51.5% (95% CI: 47–56%). The use of recommended eradication regimen appears to be low and declining. On average, H. pylori seroprevalence declined by 6.8% annually (p < 0.0001). Occupational status independently predicted seropositivity, with students having lower odds of being seropositive than employed persons (aOR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02–0.49, p = 0.016). Conclusion Despite decreasing trends, the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is high in dyspeptic patients attending this primary care setting. Improving living standards and establishing national guidelines for eradication can possibly aid the control of this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine A Aminde
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon. .,Etoug-Ebe Baptist Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | | | - Calypse A Ngwasiri
- Clinical Research Education, Networking & Consultancy (CRENC), Douala, Cameroon.,Bamendjou District Hospital, Bamendjou, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Leopold Ndemnge Aminde
- Clinical Research Education, Networking & Consultancy (CRENC), Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Kasew D, Abebe A, Munea U, Deressa T, Tegegne Y, Alemayehu M, Melku M. Magnitude of Helicobacter pylori among Dyspeptic Patients Attending at University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci 2018; 27:571-580. [PMID: 29487466 PMCID: PMC5811936 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v27i6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection is predominantly acquired in childhood from family members. The infection can cause dypepepsia, chronic and acute gastritis and gastric cancer. Dyspepsia is the most common illness in the Ethiopian population visiting outpatient department of health facilities, and it has also been associated with H.pylori infection. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of H.pylori and its associated factors among dyspeptic patients who visited University of Gondar Hospital Outpatient Department. Materials and Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 354 dyspeptic patients. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Data were collected by using structured questionnaire via face-to-face interview. H.pylori infection was diagnosed using stool antigen test method. The data were entered into Epi info version 3.5.3 and transferred to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20. Both Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to see the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. Result Of the total study participants, 201(56.8%), 195(55.1%) and 182(51.4%) were married, urban residents and females, respectively. The overall magnitude of H.pylori infection was 37.6%. In bivariable logistic regression analysis, sex and marital status were significantly associated with H.pylori infection, but in multivariable logistic regression analysis only marital status was significantly associated with H.pylori infection. Conclusion The magnitude of H.pylori infection is high indicating that it is a public health problem in the study to area. According to this study, none of the variables were significantly associated with H.pylori infection. Hence, effective preventive, control and screening strategies need to be designed to reduce the burden of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desie Kasew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ashenafi Abebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ufaysa Munea
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tekalign Deressa
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yalewayker Tegegne
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Martha Alemayehu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Melku
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
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Hu Y, Zhu Y, Lu NH. Novel and Effective Therapeutic Regimens for Helicobacter pylori in an Era of Increasing Antibiotic Resistance. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:168. [PMID: 28529929 PMCID: PMC5418237 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common gastrointestinal bacterial strain closely associated with the incidence of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer. A current research and clinical challenge is the increased rate of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori, which has led to a decreased H. pylori eradication rate. In this article, we review recent H. pylori infection and reinfection rates and H. pylori resistance to antibiotics, and we discuss the pertinent treatments. A PubMed literature search was performed using the following keywords: Helicobacter pylori, infection, reinfection, antibiotic resistance, bismuth, proton pump inhibitors, vonoprazan, susceptibility, quintuple therapy, dual therapy, and probiotic. The prevalence of H. pylori has remained high in some areas despite the decreasing trend of H. pylori prevalence observed over time. Additionally, the H. pylori reinfection rate has varied in different countries due to socioeconomic and hygienic conditions. Helicobacter pylori monoresistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole or levofloxacin was common in most countries. However, the prevalence of amoxicillin and tetracycline resistance has remained low. Because H. pylori infection and reinfection present serious challenges and because H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole or levofloxacin remains high in most countries, the selection of an efficient regimen to eradicate H. pylori is critical. Currently, bismuth-containing quadruple therapies still achieve high eradication rates. Moreover, susceptibility-based therapies are alternatives because they may avoid the use of unnecessary antibiotics. Novel regimens, e.g., vonoprazan-containing triple therapies, quintuple therapies, high-dose dual therapies, and standard triple therapies with probiotics, require further studies concerning their efficiency and safety for treating H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, China
| | - Nong-Hua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, China
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Hsu CC, Hsu YC, Chang KH, Lee CY, Chong LW, Lin CL, Kao CH. Association of Dementia and Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2016; 31:389-94. [PMID: 26802077 PMCID: PMC10852867 DOI: 10.1177/1533317515617546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We determine the association between dementia and the subsequent peptic ulcer disease (PUD). METHODS We identified patients with diagnosed dementia in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A comparison cohort without dementia was frequency-matched by age, sex, and comorbidities, and the occurrence of PUD was evaluated in both cohorts. RESULTS The dementia and control cohort consisted of 6014 patients with dementia and 17 830 frequency-matched patients without dementia, respectively. The incidence of PUD (hazard ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-1.37; P < .001) was higher among patients with dementia. Cox models showed that being female, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were independent risk factors for PUD in patients with dementia. CONCLUSION Dementia might increase the risk of developing PUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chao Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chao Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsi Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yin Lee
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Won Chong
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Calik Z, Karamese M, Acar O, Aksak Karamese S, Dicle Y, Albayrak F, Can S, Guvendi B, Turgut A, Cicek M, Yazgi H. Investigation of Helicobacter pylori antigen in stool samples of patients with upper gastrointestinal complaints. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:167-71. [PMID: 26887240 PMCID: PMC4822757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is usually acquired in early childhood and it can persist throughout life without antibiotic treatment. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of the noninvasive H. pylori Stool Antigen Test-applied on the stool samples with the invasive gold standart Rapid Urease Test-applied on the gastric biopy samples of patients with upper gastrointestinal complaints. After endoscopy, biopsy and stool specimens were taken in 122 patients. The infection was detected with rapid urease test which is accepted as gold standart test. Rapid, one-step H. pylori card test was applied to all patients stool specimens. In this study 106 of the 122 patients (86.8%) were positive for H. pylori infection, while 16 of the 122 patients (13.2%) were negative. H. pylori card test was negative in 13 of the 16 patients and was positive in 98 of the 106. The sensitivity, specifity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.45%, 81.25%, 97.02%, and 61.90%, respectively. H. pylori card test is rapid, easy, noninvasive and inexpensive methods for detection H. pylori infection. This test showed high sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, it may be a good alternative to invasive tests for the detection of H. pylori infections especially in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeki Calik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Murat Karamese
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Osman Acar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Selina Aksak Karamese
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Yalcin Dicle
- Department of Nursing, School of Health, Mus Alparslan University, Mus, Turkey
| | - Fatih Albayrak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serpil Can
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Bulent Guvendi
- Department of Genereal Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Alpgiray Turgut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cicek
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi Osman Pasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Halil Yazgi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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