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Ong JLK, Jalaludin NFF, Wong MK, Tan SH, Angelina C, Sukhatme SA, Yeo T, Lim CT, Lee YT, Soh SY, Lim TKH, Tay TKY, Chang KTE, Chen ZX, Loh AH. Exosomal mRNA Cargo are biomarkers of tumor and immune cell populations in pediatric osteosarcoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102008. [PMID: 38852279 PMCID: PMC11220529 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the commonest malignant bone tumor of children and adolescents and is characterized by a high risk of recurrence despite multimodal therapy, especially in metastatic disease. This suggests the presence of clinically undetected cancer cells that persist, leading to cancer recurrence. We sought to evaluate the utility of peripheral blood exosomes as a more sensitive yet minimally invasive blood test that could aid in evaluating treatment response and surveillance for potential disease recurrence. We extracted exosomes from the blood of pediatric osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis (n=7) and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n=5 subset), as well as from age-matched cancer-free controls (n=3). We also obtained matched tumor biopsy samples (n=7) from the cases. Exosome isolation was verified by CD9 immunoblot and characterized on electron microscopy. Profiles of 780 cancer-related transcripts were analysed in mRNA from exosomes of osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis and control patients, matched post-chemotherapy samples, and matched primary tumor samples. Peripheral blood exosomes of osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis were significantly smaller than those of controls and overexpressed extracellular matrix protein gene THBS1 and B cell markers MS4A1 and TCL1A. Immunohistochemical staining of corresponding tumor samples verified the expression of THBS1 on tumor cells and osteoid matrix, and its persistence in a treatment-refractory patient, as well as the B cell origin of the latter. These hold potential as liquid biopsy biomarkers of disease burden and host immune response in osteosarcoma. Our findings suggest that exosomes may provide novel and clinically-important insights into the pathophysiology of cancers such as osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meng Kang Wong
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheng Hui Tan
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clara Angelina
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarvesh A Sukhatme
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Trifanny Yeo
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - York Tien Lee
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony K H Lim
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Timothy Kwang Yong Tay
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Xiong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hp Loh
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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BMSC-EV-derived lncRNA NORAD Facilitates Migration, Invasion, and Angiogenesis in Osteosarcoma Cells by Regulating CREBBP via Delivery of miR-877-3p. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8825784. [PMID: 35281474 PMCID: PMC8906129 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8825784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can boost osteosarcoma (OS) cell proliferation and invasion, yet the function of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from BMSCs on OS is scarcely known. This study is aimed at examining the role of BMSC-EVs in OS cells. BMSCs and BMSC-EVs were isolated and identified. The effect of EVs and EVs-si-NORAD on OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis was determined. Expressions of NORAD, miR-877-3p, and CREBBP were detected. The binding relationship among NORAD, miR-877-3p, and CREBBP was verified. The miR-877-3p inhibitor or pc-CREBBP was delivered into OS cells treated with EVs-si-NORAD for in vitro analysis. The nude mouse model of the subcutaneous tumor xenograft was established for in vivo analysis. BMSC-EVs promoted OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. BMSC-EVs carried NORAD into OS cells and upregulated CREBBP by sponging miR-877-3p. miR-877-3p downregulation or CREBBP overexpression partly inverted the inhibitory effect of EVs by silencing NORAD on OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. In vivo experiments validated that BMSC-EV-derived NORAD facilitated tumor growth by upregulating CREBBP via miR-877-3p. To conclude, BMSC-EV-derived NORAD facilitated OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis by modulating CREBBP via miR-877-3p, which may offer new insights into OS treatment.
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Transcription factor c-Myb: novel prognostic factor in osteosarcoma. Clin Exp Metastasis 2022; 39:375-390. [PMID: 34994868 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-021-10145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor c-Myb is an oncoprotein promoting cell proliferation and survival when aberrantly activated/expressed, thus contributing to malignant transformation. Overexpression of c-Myb has been found in leukemias, breast, colon and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Recent studies revealed its expression also in osteosarcoma cell lines and suggested its functional importance during bone development. However, the relevance of c-Myb in control of osteosarcoma progression remains unknown. A retrospective clinical study was carried out to assess a relationship between c-Myb expression in archival osteosarcoma tissues and prognosis in a cohort of high-grade osteosarcoma patients. In addition, MYB was depleted in metastatic osteosarcoma cell lines SAOS-2 LM5 and 143B and their growth, chemosensitivity, migration and metastatic activity were determined. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that high c-Myb expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival in the cohort and metastatic progression in young patients. Increased level of c-Myb was detected in metastatic osteosarcoma cell lines and its depletion suppressed their growth, colony-forming capacity, migration and chemoresistance in vitro in a cell line-dependent manner. MYB knock-out resulted in reduced metastatic activity of both SAOS-2 LM5 and 143B cell lines in immunodeficient mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the c-Myb-driven functional programs enriched for genes involved in the regulation of cell growth, stress response, cell adhesion and cell differentiation/morphogenesis. Wnt signaling pathway was identified as c-Myb target in osteosarcoma cells. Taken together, we identified c-Myb as a negative prognostic factor in osteosarcoma and showed its involvement in the regulation of osteosarcoma cell growth, chemosensitivity, migration and metastatic activity.
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Molecular alterations associated with acquired resistance to BRAFV600E targeted therapy in melanoma cells. Melanoma Res 2020; 29:390-400. [PMID: 30741840 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of the mutant BRAF protein is a highly promising therapeutic approach for melanoma patients carrying the BRAF mutation. Despite the remarkable clinical response, most patients develop resistance and experience tumour regrowth. To clarify the molecular background of BRAF inhibitor resistance, we generated four drug-resistant melanoma cell lines from paired primary/metastatic cell lines using a vemurafenib analogue PLX4720. Three of the resistant cell lines showed decreased proliferation after drug withdrawal, but the proliferation of one cell line (WM278) increased notably. Furthermore, we observed opposite phenomena in which a 'drug holiday' could not only be beneficial but also contribute to tumour progression. Using genomic and proteomic approaches, we found significantly different alterations between the sensitive and resistant cell lines, some of which have not been reported previously. In addition to several other changes, copy number gains were observed in all resistant cell lines on 8q24.11-q24.12 and 8q21.2. Gene expression analysis showed that most genes upregulated in the resistant cell lines were associated with cell motility and angiogenesis. Increased expression of six proteins (ANGPLT4, EGFR, Endoglin, FGF2, SerpinE1 and VCAM-1) and decreased expression of two proteins (osteopontin and survivin) were observed consistently in all resistant cell lines. In summary, we identified new genomic alterations and characterized the protein expression patterns associated with the resistant phenotype. Although several proteins have been shown to be associated with BRAF resistance, our study is the first to describe the association of VCAM-1 and osteopontin with BRAF resistance.
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Hoyt A, Moran A, Granger C, Sedani A, Saigh S, Brown J, Galoian K. PRP‑1 significantly decreases the ALDHhigh cancer stem cell population and regulates the aberrant Wnt/β‑catenin pathway in human chondrosarcoma JJ012 cells. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:103-114. [PMID: 31180539 PMCID: PMC6549102 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcomas are malignant bone tumors refractory to chemotherapy and radiation treatment; thus, novel therapeutic strategies are required. Proline‑rich polypeptide 1 (PRP‑1) has previously demonstrated antitumor properties in chondrosarcoma. To further investigate the role of PRP‑1 in chondrosarcoma cells, its effects on cancer stem cell (CSC) populations were determined by analyzing aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, an established marker of CSCs, in association with regulation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling. A significant decrease in ALDHhigh CSCs was observed following treatment of chondrosarcoma JJ012 cells with PRP‑1. For RT2 profiler PCR array analysis of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling genes, cells were sorted into: i) Bulk JJ012 cells; ii) ALDHhigh cells sorted from untreated JJ012 cells (ALDHhigh‑untreated); and iii) ALDHlow cells sorted from PRP‑1‑treated JJ012 cells (ALDHlow‑PRP‑1). The expression levels of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling genes were determined to be downregulated in the ALDHhigh‑untreated cells and upregulated in ALDHlow‑PRP‑1 cells when compared to the bulk JJ012 cells. Additionally, two important oncogenes involved in this pathway, MMP7 and CCND2, were found to be downregulated in the ALDHlow‑PRP‑1 cells. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated the localization of β‑catenin in the nuclei of the PRP‑1‑treated cells. Western blotting indicated increased β‑catenin expression in the ALDHlow‑PRP‑1 cells compared with the bulk JJ012 cells. Analysis of the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of cells treated with increasing concentrations of PRP‑1 and β‑catenin nuclear translocation inhibitor CGP57380, suggested the nuclear translocation of β‑catenin following PRP‑1 treatment. In addition, treatment of JJ012 cells with a specific ALDH inhibitor, diethylaminobenzaldehyde, and PRP‑1 resulted in a significant decrease in cytoplasmic β‑catenin protein expression. This indicated that ALDH inactivation may be associated with the nuclear translocation of β‑catenin. Derivation of sarcomas from mesenchymal stem cells via inactivation of the Wnt pathway has been previously documented. The findings of the present study support the notion that Wnt/β‑catenin activation may serve a differential role in sarcomas, limiting tumor progression in association with decreased CSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.K. Hoyt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - A. Moran
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - C. Granger
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - A. Sedani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - S. Saigh
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Flow Cytometry Shared Facility, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - J. Brown
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - K.A. Galoian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Kitamoto K, Miura Y, Karnan S, Ota A, Konishi H, Hosokawa Y, Sato K. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase 2 induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma: The role of reactive oxygen species in cell proliferation. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7955-7962. [PMID: 29731909 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcomas (OS) are aggressive tumors that are characterized by dysregulated growth and resistance to apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to be important signal transduction molecules in the regulation of cell growth. ROS-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) family enzymes have previously been suggested to be involved in neoplastic proliferation. To examine whether NOX-mediated generation of intracellular ROS confers anti-apoptotic activity, and thus a growth advantage, the current study first analyzed the mRNA expression of NOX family members by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in five human OS cell lines. RT-PCR analysis revealed that NOX2 and NOX4 mRNAs were expressed in all the OS cell lines examined, whereas little or no NOX1 and NOX3 mRNAs were detected. By RT-qPCR, NOX2 mRNA expression levels were demonstrated to be higher than NOX4 mRNA expression levels. The viability of OS cells decreased in a dose-dependent manner with treatment of diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of flavoprotein-dependent oxidase. DPI treatment was observed to reduce intracellular ROS levels by ~50%, and increase the frequency of apoptosis by 30%. Notably, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting NOX2 significantly suppressed ROS generation; ROS depletion by DPI or NOX2 siRNAs induced apoptosis in OS cells. Together, the results of the present study indicate that NOX2-mediated ROS generation promotes cell survival and ROS depletion leads to apoptosis, thus highlighting the NOX2-ROS signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Kitamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuji Miura
- Department of Pathophysiology, Aichi Medical University School of Nursing, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Sivasundaram Karnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Akinobu Ota
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hosokawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Keiji Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
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Manandhar S, Kim CG, Lee SH, Kang SH, Basnet N, Lee YM. Exostosin 1 regulates cancer cell stemness in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70521-70537. [PMID: 29050299 PMCID: PMC5642574 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with cancer recurrence following radio/chemotherapy owing to their high resistance to therapeutic intervention. In this study, we investigated the role of exostoxin 1 (EXT1), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-residing type II transmembrane glycoprotein, in cancer cell stemness. DNA microarray analysis revealed that doxorubicin-resistant MCF7/ADR cells have high levels of EXT1 expression compared to its parental cell line, MCF7. These cells showed significantly higher populations of CSCs and larger populations of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH+) and CD44+/CD24-cells, as compared to MCF7 cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of EXT1 in MCF7/ADR cells significantly reduced cancer stem cell markers, populations of ALDH+and CD44+/CD24- cells, mRNA and protein expression for CD44, and mammosphere number. Furthermore, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and migratory behavior were also repressed with reduced EXT1. In an in vitro soft agar colony formation assay, EXT1 knockdown by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) reduced the colony formation ability of these cells. Based on these results, we suggest that EXT1 could be a promising novel target to overcome cancer cell stemness in anthracycline-based therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarala Manandhar
- BK21 Plus Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Training Team (22A20154413076), National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Kim
- BK21 Plus Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Training Team (22A20154413076), National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- BK21 Plus Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Training Team (22A20154413076), National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kang
- BK21 Plus Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Training Team (22A20154413076), National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Nikita Basnet
- BK21 Plus Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Training Team (22A20154413076), National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - You Mie Lee
- BK21 Plus Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Training Team (22A20154413076), National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
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Tong R, Yang Q, Wang C, Bi F, Jiang B. OVCA1 expression and its correlation with the expression levels of cyclin D1 and p16 in cervical cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2929-2936. [PMID: 28521400 PMCID: PMC5431343 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the associations between the protein and mRNA expression levels of ovarian cancer gene 1 (OVCA1), cyclin D1 and p16 and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in cervical lesions. The protein expression levels of OVCA1, cyclin D1 and p16 in 66 cases of cervical cancer, 64 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 34 normal cervix tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression levels of OVCA1, cyclin D1 and p16 in cervical cancer and normal cervix cells were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that the protein expression levels of OVCA1 increased gradually, whereas its mRNA expression levels decreased gradually, in the progression from normal cervix tissue to CIN and cervical cancer (P<0.01). In addition, significant differences in the protein expression levels of OVCA1 between low-and high-level CIN, as well as between the early and advanced stages of cervical cancer, were observed (P<0.05). No significant associations were detected between the protein and mRNA expression levels of OVCA1 and the pathological type of cervical cancer or the presence of lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). The expression levels of OVCA1 mRNA and protein were positively correlated with the levels of p16 expression (P<0.01). Significant differences were also observed in the OVCA1 protein and mRNA expression levels between the HR-HPV (+) and HR-HPV (−) groups (P<0.05). Therefore, aberrant expression of OVCA1 protein and mRNA may be important during the development of cervical lesions, particularly in the early stages. In addition, the mechanisms underlying the effects of OVCA1 during cervical cancer development may involve p16 and HPV, as the levels of OVCA1 in cervical lesions were correlated with abnormal expression of p16 and HR-HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tong
- Ward One of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Nanhu Branch of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Ward Four of Tumor Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- Ward One of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Nanhu Branch of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Ward Four of Tumor Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Ward One of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Nanhu Branch of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Pathology Department, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
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Cai YD, Zhang Q, Zhang YH, Chen L, Huang T. Identification of Genes Associated with Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone on a Protein–Protein Interaction Network with a Shortest Path Algorithm. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1027-1038. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Cai
- School
of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School
of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Institute
of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- College
of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute
of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
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10
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He C, Gao H, Fan X, Wang M, Liu W, Huang W, Yang Y. Identification of a novel miRNA-target gene regulatory network in osteosarcoma by integrating transcriptome analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:8348-8357. [PMID: 26339404 PMCID: PMC4555732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma remains a leading cause of cancer death in children and young adolescents. Although the introduction of multiagent chemotherapy, survival rates have not improved in two decades. Therefore, it is urgently needed to know the details regarding molecular etiology to driving therapeutic inroads for this disease. In this study we performed an integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression data to explore the dysregulation of miRNA and miRNA-target gene regulatory network underlying OS. 59 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, with 28 up-regulated and 31 down-regulated miRNAs by integrating OS miRNA expression data sets available. Using miRWalk databases prediction, we performed an anticorrelated analysis of miRNA and genes expression identified by a integrated analysis of gene expression data to identify 109 differently expressed miRNA target genes. A novel miRNA-target gene regulatory network was constructed with the miRNA-target gene pairs. miR-19b-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-124-3p and their common target CCND2, the nodal points of regulatory network, may play important roles in OS. Bioinformatics analysis of biological functions and pathways demonstrated that target genes of miRNAs are highly correlated with carcinogenesis. Our findings may help to understand the molecular mechanisms of OS and identify targets of effective targeted therapies for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei He
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaona Fan
- Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Maoyuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wuyang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Weiming Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yadong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
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Array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis reveals chromosomal copy number aberrations associated with clinical outcome in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111817. [PMID: 25372838 PMCID: PMC4221131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (cDLBCL) is an aggressive cancer with variable clinical response. Despite recent attempts by gene expression profiling to identify the dog as a potential animal model for human DLBCL, this tumor remains biologically heterogeneous with no prognostic biomarkers to predict prognosis. The aim of this work was to identify copy number aberrations (CNAs) by high-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in 12 dogs with newly diagnosed DLBCL. In a subset of these dogs, the genetic profiles at the end of therapy and at relapse were also assessed. In primary DLBCLs, 90 different genomic imbalances were counted, consisting of 46 gains and 44 losses. Two gains in chr13 were significantly correlated with clinical stage. In addition, specific regions of gains and losses were significantly associated to duration of remission. In primary DLBCLs, individual variability was found, however 14 recurrent CNAs (>30%) were identified. Losses involving IGK, IGL and IGH were always found, and gains along the length of chr13 and chr31 were often observed (>41%). In these segments, MYC, LDHB, HSF1, KIT and PDGFRα are annotated. At the end of therapy, dogs in remission showed four new CNAs, whereas three new CNAs were observed in dogs at relapse compared with the previous profiles. One ex novo CNA, involving TCR, was present in dogs in remission after therapy, possibly induced by the autologous vaccine. Overall, aCGH identified small CNAs associated with outcome, which, along with future expression studies, may reveal target genes relevant to cDLBCL.
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Mancini-DiNardo D, Judkins T, Woolstenhulme N, Burton C, Schoenberger J, Ryder M, Murray A, Gutin N, Theisen A, Holladay J, Craft J, Arnell C, Moyes K, Roa B. Design and validation of an oligonucleotide microarray for the detection of genomic rearrangements associated with common hereditary cancer syndromes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:74. [PMID: 25204323 PMCID: PMC4174268 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Conventional Sanger sequencing reliably detects the majority of genetic mutations associated with hereditary cancers, such as single-base changes and small insertions or deletions. However, detection of genomic rearrangements, such as large deletions and duplications, requires special technologies. Microarray analysis has been successfully used to detect large rearrangements (LRs) in genetic disorders. Methods We designed and validated a high-density oligonucleotide microarray for the detection of gene-level genomic rearrangements associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC), Lynch, and polyposis syndromes. The microarray consisted of probes corresponding to the exons and flanking introns of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (≈1,700) and Lynch syndrome/polyposis genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, APC, MUTYH, and EPCAM (≈2,200). We validated the microarray with 990 samples previously tested for LR status in BRCA1, BRCA2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, APC, MUTYH, or EPCAM. Microarray results were 100% concordant with previous results in the validation studies. Subsequently, clinical microarray analysis was performed on samples from patients with a high likelihood of HBOC mutations (13,124), Lynch syndrome mutations (18,498), and polyposis syndrome mutations (2,739) to determine the proportion of LRs. Results Our results demonstrate that LRs constitute a substantial proportion of genetic mutations found in patients referred for hereditary cancer genetic testing. Conclusion The use of microarray comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) for the detection of LRs is well-suited as an adjunct technology for both single syndrome (by Sanger sequencing analysis) and extended gene panel testing by next generation sequencing analysis. Genetic testing strategies using microarray analysis will help identify additional patients carrying LRs, who are predisposed to various hereditary cancers.
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Charli-Joseph Y, Saggini A, Doyle LA, Fletcher CD, Weier J, Mirza S, Vemula S, LeBoit PE. DNA copy number changes in tumors within the spectrum of cellular, atypical, and metastasizing fibrous histiocytoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 71:256-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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KANAMORI MASAHIKO, YASUDA TAKETOSHI, NOGAMI SHIGEHARU, SUZUKI KAYO, HORI TAKESHI. DNA copy number alterations in pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma: A case report. Oncol Lett 2014; 7:1847-1850. [PMID: 24932246 PMCID: PMC4049769 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zhou Y, Huang Z, Wu S, Zang X, Liu M, Shi J. miR-33a is up-regulated in chemoresistant osteosarcoma and promotes osteosarcoma cell resistance to cisplatin by down-regulating TWIST. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:12. [PMID: 24468065 PMCID: PMC3974149 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miRNAs are involved in osteosarcoma (OS) chemoresistance, and TWIST reportedly enhances cisplatin-induced OS cell apoptosis by inhibiting multiple signaling pathways. In this study, we profiled miRNAs differentially expressed in chemoresistant OS, with a focus to identify miRNAs that regulate TWIST expression and OS chemoresistance. METHODS OS patients who showed <90% tumor necrosis after neochemotherapy were defined as poor responders (chemoresistant), and those who showed ≥90% tumor necrosis were defined as good responders (control). miRNA microarray analysis was carried out with a discovery cohort (n = 12) of age-, sex- and tumor stage-matched chemoresistant and control OS patients. RESULTS Among the up-regulated miRNAs in chemoresistant OS samples, miR-33a was verified to down-regulate TWIST expression, which was supported by an inverse miRNA-33a/TWIST expression trend in the validation cohort (n = 70), target-sequence-specific inhibition of TWIST-3' untranslated region-luciferase reporter activity by miR-33a, and alteration of TWIST expression by overexpression or inhibition of miR-33a in human OS cell lines. In Saos-2 cells treated with cisplatin, inhibition of miR-33a by antagomir-33a markedly increased cell apoptosis, which was enhanced by overexpression of TWIST. The apoptosis-inducing effect of TWIST overexpression was reversed by overexpression of miR-33a. In MG-63 cells, overexpression of miR-33a significantly decreased cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis, which was enhanced by knockdown of TWIST. Antagomir-33a significantly increased cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis, which was reversed by knockdown of TWIST. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated in this study that miR-33a is up-regulated in chemoresistant OS and that the miR-33a level is negatively correlated with the TWIST protein level in OS. Our in vitro data indicate that miR-33a promotes OS cell resistance to cisplatin by down-regulating TWIST; on the other hand, inhibition of miR-33a by antagomir-33a enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis in OS cells by up-regulating TWIST expression. The findings suggest that inhibition of miR-33a/TWIST signaling could be a potential new strategy to enhance neoadjuvant chemotherapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zufa Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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The prognostic value of Smad4 mRNA in patients with prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3333-7. [PMID: 24272204 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor gene Smad4 has been localized to chromosome 18q21.1 and is a member of the Smad family that mediates the transforming growth factor β signaling pathway suppressing epithelial cell growth. However, variable expression of Smad4 messenger RNA (mRNA) has been reported, with a loss in some cancers and increased expression in others. The aim of the present study was to investigate the Smad4 mRNA expression in prostate cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues and its potential relevance to clinicopathological variables and prognosis. The expression change of Smad4 mRNA was detected by using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The data showed that the Smad4 mRNA expression level in prostate cancer tissues was significantly lower than those in noncancerous tissues. The results indicated that the low expression of Smad4 mRNA in prostate cancer was associated with lymph node metastasis, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and Gleason score. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high Smad4 mRNA expression have longer biochemical recurrence-free survival time compared to patients with low Smad4 mRNA expression. Multivariate analysis revealed that Smad4 mRNA expression was an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence-free survival. Our results emphasize that Smad4 mRNA can be used as a predictive biomarker.
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The prognostic value of elevated ezrin in patients with osteosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1263-6. [PMID: 24014052 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Published studies researching the prognostic significance of ezrin expression in patients with osteosarcoma are inconclusive and heterogeneous. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess its prognostic value more precisely. The hazard ratios with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate the effects. Five studies with 318 osteosarcoma patients were included to estimate the relationship between ezrin and disease-free survival, and ezrin and overall survival. Compared with osteosarcoma patients with low or negative ezrin expression, patients with high ezrin expression tended to be associated with lower disease-free survival, but the difference was not significant. However, patients with high ezrin expression were obviously associated with lower overall survival. Therefore, the findings from this systematic review suggest that ezrin expression is an effective biomarker of prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Rathmanner N, Haigl B, Vanas V, Doriguzzi A, Gsur A, Sutterlüty-Fall H. Sprouty2 but not Sprouty4 is a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:2597-605. [PMID: 23831057 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
As negative regulators of receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signalling, Sprouty proteins fulfil important roles during carcinogenesis. In this report, we demonstrate that Sprouty2 protein expression inhibits cell proliferation and migration in osteosarcoma-derived cells. Although earlier reports describe a tumour-promoting function, these results indicate that Sprouty proteins also have the potential to function as tumour suppressors in sarcoma. In contrast to Sprouty2, Sprouty4 expression failed to interfere with proliferation and migration of the osteosarcoma-derived cells, possibly due to a less pronounced interference with mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. Sequences within the NH2-terminus are responsible for the specific inhibitory function of Sprouty2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rathmanner
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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