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Lu Z, Ma Z, Fu M, Su J. Clustering Analysis of Natural D-borneol Resource Plants Based on Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers, Leaf Morphology, and Chemical Composition. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10755-z. [PMID: 38554199 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10755-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
D-borneol is a double-loop monoterpene with a wide use in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries. Natural D-borneol can be extracted from branches and leaves of D-borneol resource plants. With the widespread use of natural D-borneol, the identification of D-borneol resource plants and the protection of germplasm resources have become the focus of research. In this study, plant leaf morphology, chemical composition, and simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker analysis were used to analyze and cluster 5 species of D-borneol resource plants and their closely related species. It was found that all three analysis methods could distinguish and cluster these D-borneol resource plants to some degree. The result of SSR analysis using capillary electrophoresis was the best, and it could distinguish Mei Pian tree from Yin Xiang as well as Longnao Zhang from An Zhang. The correlation analysis between SSR similarity matrix and leaf morphology analysis and between SSR similarity matrix and chemical composition similarity matrix revealed that they both had significant correlations (P < 0.0001) and the correlation (r = 0.588) between SSR and leaf morphology was a little higher than that (r = 0.519) between SSR and chemical composition. This indicated that the environment had a greater impact on the chemical composition than on leaf morphology. The research findings will offer efficient techniques to cluster natural D-borneol resource plants and establish a theoretical basis for their future development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Lu
- Bioengieering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Center Mega, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuolin Ma
- Bioengieering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Center Mega, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Fu
- Bioengieering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Center Mega, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianyu Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510641, People's Republic of China
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Kageyama T, Seo J, Yan L, Fukuda J. Cinnamic acid promotes elongation of hair peg-like sprouting in hair follicle organoids via oxytocin receptor activation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4709. [PMID: 38409197 PMCID: PMC10897452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Considerable global demand exists for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of alopecia. A recent report demonstrated that oxytocin promotes hair growth activity in human dermal papilla (DP) cells; however, its application in drugs or cosmetic products is challenging because rapid degradation and relatively large molecular weight prevent long-term topical administration on the scalp. Here, we examined cinnamic acid, a small molecule activator for oxytocin receptor (OXTR) expression. Treatment with cinnamic acid led to upregulation of OXTR and trichogenic gene expression in human DP cells. Furthermore, inhibition of OXTR with an antagonist, L-371,257, suppressed hair growth-related gene expression in DP cells. These findings suggest that cinnamic acid enhances the hair growth ability of DP cells via oxytocin signaling. Additionally, we tested the hair growth-promoting effects of cinnamic acid using hair follicle organoids in vitro and observed that cinnamic acid significantly promoted the growth of hair peg-like sprouting. These promising results may be useful for developing hair growth-promoting products targeting oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuto Kageyama
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Jieun Seo
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Lei Yan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan.
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
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Yao S, Tan X, Huang D, Li L, Chen J, Ming R, Huang R, Yao C. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis provides insights into aromatic volatiles formation in Cinnamomum cassia bark at different harvesting times. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:84. [PMID: 38308239 PMCID: PMC10835945 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamomum cassia Presl, classified in the Lauraceae family, is widely used as a spice, but also in medicine, cosmetics, and food. Aroma is an important factor affecting the medicinal and flavoring properties of C. cassia, and is mainly determined by volatile organic compounds (VOCs); however, little is known about the composition of aromatic VOCs in C. cassia and their potential molecular regulatory mechanisms. Here, integrated transcriptomic and volatile metabolomic analyses were employed to provide insights into the formation regularity of aromatic VOCs in C. cassia bark at five different harvesting times. RESULTS The bark thickness and volatile oil content were significantly increased along with the development of the bark. A total of 724 differentially accumulated volatiles (DAVs) were identified in the bark samples, most of which were terpenoids. Venn analysis of the top 100 VOCs in each period showed that twenty-eight aromatic VOCs were significantly accumulated in different harvesting times. The most abundant VOC, cinnamaldehyde, peaked at 120 months after planting (MAP) and dominated the aroma qualities. Five terpenoids, α-copaene, β-bourbonene, α-cubebene, α-funebrene, and δ-cadinene, that peaked at 240 MAP could also be important in creating C. cassia's characteristic aroma. A list of 43,412 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the biosynthetic pathways of aromatic VOCs were identified, including phenylpropanoids, mevalonic acid (MVA) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP). A gene-metabolite regulatory network for terpenoid and phenylpropanoid metabolism was constructed to show the key candidate structural genes and transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. CONCLUSIONS The results of our research revealed the composition and changes of aromatic VOCs in C. cassia bark at different harvesting stages, differentiated the characteristic aroma components of cinnamon, and illuminated the molecular mechanism of aroma formation. These foundational results will provide technical guidance for the quality breeding of C. cassia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochang Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Xiaoming Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Ding Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Linshuang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Ruhong Ming
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Rongshao Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530200, China.
| | - Chun Yao
- Guangxi Scientific Experimental Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
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Yang N, Ai X, Cheng K, Wu Y, Lu Z, Liu Z, Guo T, Feng N. A Compound Essential Oil Alters Stratum Corneum Structure, Potentially Promoting the Transdermal Permeation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Ingredients. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:744-752. [PMID: 36683374 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230120122206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stratum corneum (SC) is the main barrier of the skin, and cosmeceuticals are different from ordinary cosmetics in that they need to deliver active ingredients targeting specific skin problems through the SC into the deeper layers of the skin. Thus, we designed a compound essential oil (CEO) extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge and Cinnamomum cassia Presl, supplemented with borneol to deliver active ingredients through the SC. METHODS The CEO was prepared by flash extraction combined with the microwave method. Moreover, the main components of the CEO were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Visualization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), were used to study the permeationpromoting mechanism of the CEO on the skin. Furthermore, the permeation-promoting effects of the CEO on both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients were tested via in vitro skin penetration experiments and in vivo microdialysis experiments. RESULTS The results indicated the ability of the CEO to alter the structure of the SC, leading to enhanced transdermal permeation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients. The 1.5% CEO group demonstrated the best permeation-promoting effect compared to the other CEO groups and blank groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the CEO displayed an expedited permeability-promoting effect on hydrophobic ingredients compared to hydrophilic ingredients. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the prepared CEO can promote the transdermal permeation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients. This study will provide a reference for the application of the prepared CEO in the development of cosmeceuticals with natural efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetics Co. LTD, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xinyi Ai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetics Co. LTD, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yihan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhi Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetics Co. LTD, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhenda Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Teng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Pham TV, Huu Cuong L, Hong Ha TT, Dinh Luyen N, Xuan Ha N, Hoang TX, Thanh Hao N, Huy Gioi D, Thu Thuy TT, The Son N. Essential Oils of the Leaves of Epaltes australis Less. and Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr.: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301192. [PMID: 37819841 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Epaltes australis Less. has been traditionally used to treat fever and snake bites, whereas Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr. is well-known for addressing colds, chest pain, indigestion, and worm infestations. This study marks the first report on the chemical compositions and biological potentials of essential oils extracted from the leaves of Epaltes australis and Lindera myrrha. Essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation were analysed using the GC/MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). E. australis exhibited a predominant presence of non-terpenic compounds (46.3 %), with thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether as the major compound, constituting 44.2 % of the oil. L. myrrha leaf oil contained a good proportion of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (56.8 %), with principal compounds including (E)-caryophyllene (22.2 %), ledene (9.7 %), selina-1,3,7(11)-trien-8-one (9.6 %), and α-pinene (7.0 %). Both essential oils exhibited antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium sporogenes, and Escherichia coli, and the fungus Aspergillus brasiliensis. L. myrrha leaf essential oil exhibited potent control over the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. Additionally, L. myrrha leaf oil showed strong anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 15.20 μg/mL by inhibiting NO (nitric oxide) production in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated RAW2647 murine macrophage cells. Regarding anti-tyrosinase activity, E. australis leaf oil showed the best monophenolase inhibition with the IC50 of 245.59 μg/mL, while L. myrrha leaf oil successfully inhibited diphenolase with the IC50 of 152.88 μg/mL. From molecular docking study, selina-1,3,7(11)-trien-8-one showed the highest affinity for both COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) receptors. Hydrophobic interactions play a great role in the bindings of ligand-receptor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty Viet Pham
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue, 530000, Vietnam
| | - Le Huu Cuong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Hong Ha
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dinh Luyen
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Ha
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thao Xuan Hoang
- Faculty of Biology, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue, 530000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Hao
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trauquy, Gialam, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Dong Huy Gioi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trauquy, Gialam, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Ta Thi Thu Thuy
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Ha Noi Open University, B101 Nguyen Hien, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
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Acquaviva A, Nilofar, Bouyahya A, Zengin G, Di Simone SC, Recinella L, Leone S, Brunetti L, Uba AI, Cakilcioğlu U, Polat R, Darendelioglu E, Menghini L, Ferrante C, Libero ML, Orlando G, Chiavaroli A. Chemical Characterization of Different Extracts from Artemisia annua and Their Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory and Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300547. [PMID: 37306942 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae Family) is an important plant in Asia that has been used for treating different diseases, including fever due to malaria, wounds, tubercolisis, scabues, pain, convulsions, diabetes, and inflammation. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of different polarity extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, ethanol/water (70 %) and water) from A. annua against the burden of inflammation and oxidative stress occurring in colon tissue exposed to LPS. In parallel, chemical composition, antiradical, and enzyme inhibition effects against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, and cholinesterases were evaluated. The water extract contained the highest content of the total phenolic with 34.59 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract, while the hexane had the highest content of the total flavonoid (20.06 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g extract). In antioxidant assays, the polar extracts (ethanol, ethanol/water and water) exhibited stronger radical scavenging and reducing power abilities when compared to non-polar extracts. The hexane extract showed the best AChE, tyrosinase and glucosidase inhibitory effects. All extracts revealed effective anti-inflammatory agents, as demonstrated by the blunting effects on COX-2 and TNFα gene expression. These effects seemed to be not related to the only phenolic content. However, it is worthy of interest to highlight how the higher potency against LPS-induced gene expression was shown by the water extract ; thus suggesting a potential phytotherapy application in the management of clinical symptoms related to inflammatory colon diseases, although future in vivo studies are needed to confirm such in vitro and ex vivo observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Acquaviva
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nilofar
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Lucia Recinella
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sheila Leone
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul AREL University, 34537, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ugur Cakilcioğlu
- Munzur University, Pertek Sakine Genç Vocational School, Tunceli, Pertek, 62500, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Polat
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bingol University, Bingöl, 12000, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Darendelioglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Science and Art Faculty, Bingol University, Bingöl, 12000, Turkey
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Loreta Libero
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Qarani W, Husna F, Yulia W, Zulkarnain Z, Syahrizal D, Gani BA, Sary NL, Wardhani BWK. Antioxidant and antiaging activities of Cinnamomum burmannii, Michelia champaca and their combinations. NARRA J 2023; 3:e111. [PMID: 38454977 PMCID: PMC10919706 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a natural skin process that occurs due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as excessive exposure to ultraviolet light (photoaging). The mechanism of damage involves the production of excess free radicals that trigger oxidative stress in the skin. Determining the natural products that have high antioxidant activities as antiaging is important. Cinnamomum burmannii and Michelia champaca are typical Aceh plants that are believed to have high antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to determining the contents of C. burmannii and M. champaca as well as to determine the antioxidant and antiaging activities of either individually or combinations. The qualitative phytochemical and semi-quantitative analysis of the extracts were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity was examined by radical scavenging using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical method while the antiaging activity was measured using the tyrosinase enzyme inhibition test. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of C. burmannii were higher than M. champaca (66.34 vs 24.71 mg gallic acid equivalent/gr and 80.52 vs 60.20 mg quercetin equivalent/gr, respectively. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of M. champaca extract in inhibiting DPPH indicated that M. champaca had a better antioxidant activity than C. burmannii. The combination of C. burmannii and M. champaca extracts had a lower IC50 compared to M. champaca alone. C. burmannii and M. champaca extracts had a weak potential to inhibit tyrosinase activity (IC50 value ≥1000 μg/mL). In conclusion, this study indicates that M. champaca and C. burmannii have strong antioxidant activities and these might associate with polyphenol contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waisul Qarani
- Magister of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Fauzul Husna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Winda Yulia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Dedy Syahrizal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Basri A. Gani
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Nirwana L. Sary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Cinnamomum cassia and Rosa laevigata Mixture Improves Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats by Regulating Androgen Receptor Signaling and Apoptosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040818. [PMID: 36839177 PMCID: PMC9959710 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common condition in elderly men that is characterized by an increase in the size of the prostate gland. Cinnamomum cassia and Rosa laevigata have been reported to treat the symptoms associated with BPH. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HT080, an herbal extract of C. cassia and R. laevigata, on a testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH rat model. The rats received a daily subcutaneous injection of TP (3 mg/kg) for 4 weeks to induce BPH. Rats were divided into four groups: group 1 (sham), group 2 (BPH, TP alone), group 3 (Fina, TP + finasteride 1 mg/kg/day), and group 4 (HT080, TP + HT080 200 mg/kg/day). At the end of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and their prostate glands were removed, weighed, and subjected to histopathological examination and western blot analyses. Serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels were determined. In addition, serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were measured to evaluate the toxicity in the liver. The Hershberger bioassay was also conducted to investigate the effects of HT080 on androgenic and antiandrogenic activities. In the BPH model, the prostate weight, prostate index, prostate epithelial thickness, and serum testosterone and DHT levels in the HT080 group were significantly reduced compared to the BPH group. Histological studies showed that HT080 reduced prostatic hyperplasia. The protein expression of androgen receptor from the HT080 group was significantly reduced in comparison with the BPH group (p < 0.05). HT080 also induced apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2 and Bax expression. In addition, HT080 showed no toxicity in the liver and did not exhibit androgenic and antiandrogenic activities. Our finding revealed that HT080 can be a potential candidate for the treatment of BPH by regulating androgen receptor signaling and apoptosis.
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Anti-Melanogenic Potential of Natural and Synthetic Substances: Application in Zebrafish Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031053. [PMID: 36770722 PMCID: PMC9920495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a biosynthetic pathway for the formation of the pigment melanin in human skin. A key enzyme in the process of pigmentation through melanin is tyrosinase, which catalyzes the first and only limiting step in melanogenesis. Since the discovery of its methanogenic properties, tyrosinase has been the focus of research related to the anti-melanogenesis. In addition to developing more effective and commercially safe inhibitors, more studies are required to better understand the mechanisms involved in the skin depigmentation process. However, in vivo assays are necessary to develop and validate new drugs or molecules for this purpose, and to accomplish this, zebrafish has been identified as a model organism for in vivo application. In addition, such model would allow tracking and studying the depigmenting activity of many bioactive compounds, important to genetics, medicinal chemistry and even the cosmetic industry. Studies have shown the similarity between human and zebrafish genomes, encouraging their use as a model to understand the mechanism of action of a tested compound. Interestingly, zebrafish skin shares many similarities with human skin, suggesting that this model organism is suitable for studying melanogenesis inhibitors. Accordingly, several bioactive compounds reported herein for this model are compared in terms of their molecular structure and possible mode of action in zebrafish embryos. In particular, this article described the main metabolites of Trichoderma fungi, in addition to substances from natural and synthetic sources.
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Chemical Variation and Environmental Influence on Essential Oil of Cinnamomum camphora. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030973. [PMID: 36770639 PMCID: PMC9919661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamomum camphora is a traditional aromatic plant used to produce linalool and borneol flavors in southern China; however, its leaves also contain many other unutilized essential oils. Herein, we report geographic relationships for the yield and compositional diversity of C. camphora essential oils. The essential oils of 974 individual trees from 35 populations in 13 provinces were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection, respectively. Oil yields ranged from 0.01% to 3.46%, with a significantly positive correlation with latitude and a significantly negative correlation with longitude. In total, 41 compounds were identified, including 15 monoterpenoids, 24 sesquiterpenoids, and two phenylpropanoids. Essential oil compositions varied significantly among individuals and could be categorized into various chemotypes. The six main chemotypes were eucalyptol, nerolidol, camphor, linalool, selina, and mixed types. The other 17 individual plants were chemotypically rare and exhibited high levels of methyl isoeugenol, methyl eugenol, δ-selinene, or borneol. Eucalyptol-type plants had the highest average oil yield of 1.64%, followed in decreasing order by linalool-, camphor-, mixed-, selina-, and nerolidol-type plants. In addition, the five main compounds exhibited a clear geographic gradient. Eucalyptol and linalool showed a significantly positive correlation with latitude, while selina-6-en-4-ol was significantly and negatively correlated with latitude. trans-Nerolidol and selina-6-en-4-ol showed significantly positive correlations with longitude, whereas camphor was significantly and negatively correlated with longitude. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that environmental factors could strong effect the oil yield and essential oil profile of C. camphora.
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11
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You Z, Li Y, Chen M, Wong VKW, Zhang K, Zheng X, Liu W. Inhibition of plant essential oils and their interaction in binary combinations against tyrosinase. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8466. [PMID: 36590855 PMCID: PMC9793764 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Essential oils (EOs), derived from aromatic plants, exhibit properties beneficial to health, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, antidiabetic, and antiaging effects. However, the effect of EOs and their interaction in binary combinations against tyrosinase is not yet known. Objective To evaluate the underlying mechanisms of EOs and their interaction in binary combinations against tyrosinas. Design We explored to investigate the inhibitory effect of 65 EOs and the interaction among cinnamon, bay, and magnolia officinalis in their binary combinations against tyrosinase. In addition, the main constituents of cinnamon, bay, and magnolia officinalis were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results The results showed that the most potent EOs against tyrosinase were cinnamon, bay, and magnolia officinalis with IC50 values of 25.7, 30.8, and 61.9 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the inhibitory mechanism and kinetics studies revealed that cinnamon and bay were reversible and competitive-type inhibitors, and magnolia officinalis was a reversible and mixed-type inhibitor. In addition, these results, assessed in mixtures of three binary combinations, indicated that the combination of cinnamon with bay at different dose and at dose ratio had a strong antagonistic effect against tyrosinase. Magnolia officinalis combined with cinnamon or bay experienced both antagonistic and synergistic effect in anti-tyrosinase activity. Conclusion It is revealed that natural EOs would be promising to be effective anti-tyrosinase agents, and binary combinations of cinnamon, bay, and magnolia officinalis might not have synergistic effects on tyrosinase under certain condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin You
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yonglian Li
- School of Eco-environment Technology, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China,Wenfeng Liu School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China. Tel/Fax: +86 75 0329 9071.
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12
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ElNashar H, Adel M, Elshazly M, Yehia IS, El-Sheshtawy HS, Almalki AA, Ibrahim N. Chemical Composition, Antiaging Activities and Molecular Docking Studies of Essential Oils from Acca sellowiana (Feijoa). Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200272. [PMID: 35938449 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of essential oils isolated from Acca sellowiana (feijoa) leaves and stems and elaborate on their relevance as natural anti-aging, coupled with molecular-docking studies. The isolated oils were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and investigated for inhibitory effects against acetylcholinesterase, β -secretase, collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase. Molecular-modelling study was performed using MOE-Dock program to evaluate binding interactions of major components with the above-mentioned targets. The leaf oil revealed the predominance of caryophyllene oxide (24.3%), linalool (7.9%), and spathulenol (6.6%), while the stem oil was presented by caryophyllene oxide (38.1%), α-zingiberene (10.1%) and humulene oxide II (6.0%). The stem oil expressed superior inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (IC 50 =0.15±0.01µg/mL), β -secretase (IC 50 =3.99±0.23µg/mL), collagenase (IC 50 =408.10±20.80 µg/mL), elastase (IC 50 =0.17±0.01 μg/mL) and tyrosinase (IC 50 =8.45 ± 0.40µg/mL). The valuable binding interactions and docking scores were observed for caryophyllene oxide and α-zingiberene with acetylcholinesterase. Besides, α-zingibirene followed by linalool and τ-cadinol revealed tight fitting with collagenase and elastase. Additionally, linalool, spathulenol and τ-cadinol showed the best binding energy to tyrosinase. This study provides valuable scientific data on A. sellowiana as potential candidates for the development of natural antiaging formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba ElNashar
- Ain Shams University Faculty of Pharmacy, pharmacognosy, Cairo, 16559, Cairo, EGYPT
| | - Mai Adel
- Ain Shams University Faculty of Pharmacy, medicinal chemistry, Cairo, Cairo, EGYPT
| | - Mohammed Elshazly
- Ain Shams University Faculty of Pharmacy, pharmacognosy, Cairo, Cairo, EGYPT
| | - Ibrahim S Yehia
- Ain Shams University Faculty of Pharmacy, pharmacognosy, Cairo, Cairo, EGYPT
| | | | - Adel A Almalki
- Ain Shams University Faculty of Pharmacy, pharmacognosy, Cairo, Cairo, EGYPT
| | - Nehal Ibrahim
- Ain Shams University Faculty of Pharmacy, pharmacognosy, Cairo, Cairo, EGYPT
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13
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate loaded-zein nanoparticles: Characterization, stability and associated antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase and sun protection properties. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Aljaafari MN, Alkhoori MA, Hag-Ali M, Cheng WH, Lim SHE, Loh JY, Lai KS. Contribution of Aldehydes and Their Derivatives to Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113589. [PMID: 35684521 PMCID: PMC9182322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are intricate combinations of evaporative compounds produced by aromatic plants and extracted by distillation or expression. EOs are natural secondary metabolites derived from plants and have been found to be useful in food and nutraceutical manufacturing, perfumery and cosmetics; they have also been found to alleviate the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in addition to functioning as antibacterial and antifungal agents, balancing menstrual cycles and being efficacious as an immune system booster. Several main aldehyde constituents can be found in different types of EOs, and thus, aldehydes and their derivatives will be the main focus of this study with regard to their antimicrobial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. This brief study also explores the activity of aldehydes and their derivatives against pathogenic bacteria for future use in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Nasser Aljaafari
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
| | - Maryam Abdulraheem Alkhoori
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
| | - Mohammed Hag-Ali
- Higher Colleges of Technology Headquarters, CERT Building, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Wan-Hee Cheng
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia;
| | - Swee-Hua-Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
| | - Jiun-Yan Loh
- Centre of Research for Advanced Aquaculture (CORAA), UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.L.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.L.); (K.-S.L.)
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15
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Antidiabetic Potential of Volatile Cinnamon Oil: A Review and Exploration of Mechanisms Using In Silico Molecular Docking Simulations. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030853. [PMID: 35164117 PMCID: PMC8840343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon has been used as a flavoring and medicinal agent for centuries. Much research has focused on cinnamon bark powder, which contains antioxidants, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and small amounts of essential oil. However, isolated and concentrated cinnamon essential oil may also have important medicinal qualities, particularly in antidiabetic therapy. Some of the most common essential oil constituents identified in the literature include cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and beta-caryophyllene. Due to their high concentration in cinnamon essential oil, these constituents are hypothesized to have the most significant physiological activity. Here, we present a brief review of literature on cinnamon oil and its constituents as they relate to glucose metabolism and diabetic pathogenesis. We also present molecular docking simulations of these cinnamon essential oil constituents (cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, beta-caryophyllene) that suggest interaction with several key enzymes in glucometabolic pathways.
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16
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Use of Essential Oils for the Control of Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum on Post-Harvest Mangoes of Cat Hoa Loc Variety. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11090719. [PMID: 34564536 PMCID: PMC8470959 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. makes heavy losses for post-harvest mangoes of Cat Hoa Loc variety during storage, packaging, and transportation. The synthetic fungicides are commonly used to control the disease, but they are not safe for consumers’ health and environment. This study was aimed to investigate the use of essential oils (EOs) as the safe alternative control. Pathogen was isolated from the infected Cat Hoa Loc mangoes and identified by morphology and DNA sequencing of the ITS region. Six EOs (cinnamon, basil, lemongrass, peppermint, coriander, and orange) were chemically analyzed by GC–MS. The antifungal activity of EOs was studied in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the isolated pathogen was Colletotrichum acutatum. Cinnamon, basil, and lemongrass EOs effectively inhibited the growth of C. acutatum in descending order of cinnamon, basil, and lemongrass. However, they (except basil oil) severely damaged fruit peels. The antifungal activity was closely related to the main compounds of EOs. Basil EOs effectively controlled anthracnose development on Cat Hoa Loc mangoes artificially infected with C. acutatum, and its effectiveness was comparable to that of fungicide treatment. Consequently, basil EOs can be used as a biocide to control anthracnose on post-harvest Cat Hoa Loc mangoes.
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17
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Vihanova K, Houdkova M, Promgool T, Urbanova K, Kanokmedhakul S, Kokoska L. In vitro growth‐inhibitory effect of essential oils and supercritical carbon dioxide extracts from
Cinnamomum
spp. barks and fruits against food bacterial pathogens in liquid and vapor phase. J Food Saf 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Vihanova
- Department of Crop Science and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Houdkova
- Department of Crop Science and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Trinop Promgool
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Klara Urbanova
- Department of Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Ladislav Kokoska
- Department of Crop Science and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague 6 Czech Republic
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18
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Ouknin M, Aghraz A, Chibane M, Boumezzourh A, Costa J, Majidi L. Enzyme inhibitory, antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of essential oil from cultivated Rosmarinus officinalis. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Capetti F, Tacchini M, Marengo A, Cagliero C, Bicchi C, Rubiolo P, Sgorbini B. Citral-Containing Essential Oils as Potential Tyrosinase Inhibitors: A Bio-Guided Fractionation Approach. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10050969. [PMID: 34068076 PMCID: PMC8152484 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Excessive melanin production causes serious dermatological conditions as well as minor aesthetic problems (i.e., freckles and solar lentigo). The downregulation of tyrosinase is a widespread approach for the treatment of such disorders, and plant extracts have often proven to be valuable sources of tyrosinase inhibitors. Citral (a mixture of neral and geranial) is an important fragrance ingredient that has shown anti-tyrosinase potential. It is highly concentrated in the essential oils (EOs) of Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Melissa officinalis L., and Verbena officinalis L. However, only L. cubeba EO has been investigated for use as a potential skin-whitening agent. This work evaluates the in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity of these EOs and studies, using bio-assay oriented fractionation, whether their differing chemical compositions influence the overall EO inhibitory activities via possible synergistic, additive, and/or competitive interactions between EOs components. The inhibitory activity of C. schoenanthus EO and that of M. officinalis EOs, with negligible (+)-citronellal amounts, were in-line with their citral content. On the other hand, L. cubeba and V. officinalis EOs inhibited tyrosinase to considerably greater extents as they contained β-myrcene, which contributed to the overall EO activities. Similar observations were made for M. officinalis EO, which bears high (+)-citronellal content which increased citral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Capetti
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.C.); (C.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Massimo Tacchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della vita e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Arianna Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.C.); (C.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Cecilia Cagliero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.C.); (C.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Carlo Bicchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.C.); (C.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.C.); (C.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Barbara Sgorbini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.C.); (C.B.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-7135
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20
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Parihar AKS, K. Kulshrestha M, Sahu U, Karbhal KS, Inchulkar SR, Shah K, Chauhan NS. Quality control of Dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): a review. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Cinnamomum is a genus of the family Lauraceae, which has been recognized worldwide as an important genus due to its beneficial uses. A great deal of research on its phytochemistry and pharmacological effects has been conducted. It is noteworthy that terpenoids are the characteristic of Cinnamomum due to the peculiar structures and significant biological effects. For a more in-depth study and the better use of Cinnamomum plants in the future, the chemical structures and biological effects of terpenoids obtained from Cinnamomum were summarized in the present study. To date, a total of 181 terpenoids with various skeletons have been isolated from Cinnamomum. These compounds have been demonstrated to play an important role in immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. However, studies on the bioactive components from Cinnamomum plants have only focused on a dozen species. Hence, further studies on the potential pharmacological effects need to be conducted in the future.
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Feng T, Hu Z, Song S, Yao L, Sun M, Zhu X, Lu J. The antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition properties of essential oil from the peel of Chinese Torreya grandis Fort. RSC Adv 2019; 9:42360-42366. [PMID: 35542866 PMCID: PMC9082341 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06664k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition properties of essential oil from the peel of Chinese Torreya grandis Fort. (CTGF oil) were investigated. The antioxidant properties of CTGF oil were evaluated via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging tests, and it showed an IC50 value of 0.88 ± 0.06 μg mL-1 compared to V C with a value of 1.0 ± 0.1 μg mL-1 and BHT with a value of 2.9 ± 0.1 μg mL-1. CTGF oil had relatively significant DPPH scavenging activity (p < 0.05), which could be compared to other natural oils as follows: cassia oil (92.4%) > peppermint oil (89.1%) > clove leaf oil (87.7%) > nutmeg oil (80.1%) > CTGF oil (42.6%) > lemon oil (25.5%). Furthermore, changes in the peroxide values of different treatment groups during storage for 60 days were estimated. CTGF oil displayed better antioxidant activity than lemon oil, with activity similar to that of BHT for the reduction of the peroxide value. Moreover, CTGF oil effectively inhibited the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (l-DOPA) through tyrosinase (P < 0.05). The essential oil obtained after hydrodistillation from the peel of Chinese Torreya grandis Fort. could be potentially utilized as a good new alternative source of natural antioxidants for the food and cosmetics industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Feng
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Zhongshan Hu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Shiqing Song
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Lingyun Yao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Min Sun
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Research Computing, Information Technology at Purdue (ITaP), Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology New Zealand
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Le VD, Tran VT, Dang VS, Nguyen DT, Dang CH, Nguyen TD. Physicochemical characterizations, antimicrobial activity and non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of Cinnamomum cassia essential oils. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2019.1700834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Van-Dung Le
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vinh-Thien Tran
- Faculty of Geology & Mineral Resources Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural Resources and Environment, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van-Su Dang
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Chi-Hien Dang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Danh Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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A New Natural Antioxidant Biomaterial from Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira Leaves Represses Melanogenesis and Protects against DNA Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100474. [PMID: 31614515 PMCID: PMC6826928 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamomoum osmophloeum Kanehira (COK) is an indigenous tree species in Taiwan. Chemical compositions, antioxidant activity, mushroom tyrosinase inhibition, melanin synthesis repression, and protection against DNA damage of hydrosol from the COK leaves by steam distillation were examined. We performed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, metal ion chelating, reducing power, and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays and determined the correlations between total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities. The findings showed that the anti-oxidative properties of COK hydrosol are closely correlated with their phenol contents. Additionally, the major constituents of hydrosol, i.e., cinnamaldehyde and benzaldehyde, had dose-dependent anti-tyrosinase effects against both monophenolase and diphenolase activities. GC-MS analysis revealed that the major bioactive components of hydrosol were trans-cinnamaldehyde (87.7%), benzaldehyde (7.0%), and cinnamyl acetate (5.3%). Moreover, we found that the hydrosol with the presence of benzaldehyde is more potent than pure cinnamaldehyde, and enhances the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of hydrosol. In kinetic analyses, Lineweaver-Burk plots and replots showed that COK hydrosol is a mixed-type inhibitor. Additionally, we found that very low doses of COK hydrosol repressed α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced synthesis of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, leading to decreased melanin synthesis in B16-F10 melanoma cells. These results demonstrated that production of hydrosol from COK leaves using steam distillation may provide a safe and efficacious source of skin-whitening agents for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, with antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, anti-melanogenesis, and DNA protective activities.
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Zhang C, Fan L, Fan S, Wang J, Luo T, Tang Y, Chen Z, Yu L. Cinnamomum cassia Presl: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193473. [PMID: 31557828 PMCID: PMC6804248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamomum cassia Presl is a tropical aromatic evergreen tree of the Lauraceae family, commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is also a traditional spice, widely used around the world. This paper summarizes the achievements of modern research on C. cassia, including the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. In addition, this review also discusses some significant issues and the potential direction of future C. cassia research. More than 160 chemicals have been separated and identified from C. cassia. The main constituents of C. cassia are terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, glycosides, etc. Modern studies have confirmed that C. cassia has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antitumour, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity, antibacterial and antiviral, cardiovascular protective, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, immunoregulatory effects, anti-tyrosinase activity and other effects. However, the modern studies of C. cassia are still not complete and more in-depth investigations need to be conducted in alimentotherapy, health product, toxicity and side effects, and more bioactive components and potential pharmacological effects need to be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Linhong Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Shunming Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Ting Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yu Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Zhimin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Lingying Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Zhang JY, Hong CL, Chen HS, Zhou XJ, Zhang YJ, Efferth T, Yang YX, Li CY. Target Identification of Active Constituents of Shen Qi Wan to Treat Kidney Yang Deficiency Using Computational Target Fishing and Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:650. [PMID: 31275142 PMCID: PMC6593161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Kidney yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS) is one of the most common syndromes treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) among elderly patients. Shen Qi Wan (SQW) has been effectively used in treating various diseases associated with KYDS for hundreds of years. However, due to the complex composition of SQW, the mechanism of action remains unknown. Purpose: To identify the mechanism of the SQW in the treatment of KYDS and determine the molecular targets of SQW. Methods: The potential targets of active ingredients in SQW were predicted using PharmMapper. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were carried out using the Molecule Annotation System (MAS3.0). The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of these potential targets and “components-targets-pathways” interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape. We also established a KYDS rat model induced by adenine to investigate the therapeutic effects of SQW. Body weight, rectal temperature, holding power, water intake, urinary output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), cortisol (CORT), urine total protein (U-TP), and 17-hydroxy-corticosteroid (17-OHCS) were measured. Additionally, the mRNA expression levels of candidates were detected by qPCR. Results: KYDS-caused changes in body weight, rectal temperature, holding power, water intake, urinary output, BUN, Scr, ACTH, CORT, U-TP, and 17-OHCS were corrected to the baseline values after SQW treatment. We selected the top 10 targets of each component and obtained 79 potential targets, which were mainly enriched in the proteolysis, protein binding, transferase activity, T cell receptor signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. SRC, MAPK14, HRAS, HSP90AA1, F2, LCK, CDK2, and MMP9 were identified as targets of SQW in the treatment of KYDS. The administration of SQW significantly suppressed the expression of SRC, HSP90AA1, LCK, and CDK2 and markedly increased the expression of MAPK14, MMP9, and F2. However, HRAS levels remained unchanged. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that SQW corrected hypothalamic–pituitary–target gland axis disorder in rats caused by KYDS. SRC, MAPK14, HRAS, HSP90AA1, F2, LCK, CDK2, and MMP9 were determined to the therapeutic target for the further investigation of SQW to ameliorate KYDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Lan Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hong Shu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Jie Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Jia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yuan Xiao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Yu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Purification of a novel monophenolase inhibitory peptides prepared from Vicia faba pods protein via enzymatic hydrolysis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bose B, Tripathy D, Chatterjee A, Tandon P, Kumaria S. Secondary metabolite profiling, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory potential and in vitro inhibitory activities of Nardostachys jatamansi on key enzymes linked to hyperglycemia, hypertension and cognitive disorders. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 55:58-69. [PMID: 30668444 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC., 'Spikenard' or 'Jatamansi', a highly valued, aromatic herb from alpine Himalayas has a long history of use as ethnomedicine and dietary supplements in Ayurveda, Unani and Chinese system of medicine since Vedic ages (1000-800 BC). In Ayurveda and traditional system of medicine, the species is used as stimulant, sedative, brain tonic or mind rejuvenator, antidiabetic, cardio tonic, and in the treatment of various neurological disorders such as insomnia, epilepsy, hysteria, anxiety and depression. It is considered as Sattvic herb in Ayurveda and is now commercially marketed either as single or poly-herbal formulations by many companies in national and international markets. AIM OF THE STUDY The species has become threatened in its natural habitats due to over exploitation and illegal trade of its rhizomes for drug preparation in herbal and pharmaceutical industries. Considering the increasing demand and tremendous medicinal importance of this threatened plant species, a detailed study was undertaken to evaluate its antioxidant potential, secondary metabolite profiling, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory potential and in vitro enzyme inhibitory activities on key enzymes linked to hyperglycemia, hypertension and cognitive disorders in different plant parts of wild and in vitro-raised plants with respect to different solvent systems for its sustainable utilization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-cholinesterase activity of leaves and rhizome of wild and cultured plant extracts was investigated against both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes. In vitro anti-hyperglycemic (α-amylase and PTP1B), anti-hypertensive (angiotensin-converting enzyme), anti-tyrosinase and anti-inflammatory potential (5-lipoxygenase and hyaluronidase) of different plant parts of wild and in vitro-raised plants with respect to different solvent systems were also evaluated. In vitro cytotoxic effect of rootstock extracts of wild and in vitro-derived plants were against cancer (HCT-116, MCF-7 and OE33) and two normal (HEK and MEF) cell lines. Secondary metabolite profiling of rhizome segments of wild and in vitro-derived plants was carried out by quantitative gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS In vitro-raised plantlets showed comparative higher yield of various secondary metabolites with a significantly high antioxidant activity as compared to the wild plants. Methanolic rootstock extracts of both wild and in vitro-derived plants of N. jatamansi exhibited significant AChE (IC50 36.46 ± 2.1 and 31.18 ± 2.6 µg/ml, respectively) and BuChE (IC50 64.6 ± 3.5 and 60.12 ± 3.6 µg/ml, respectively) inhibitory potential as compared to standard inhibitor galanthamine (IC50 0.94 ± 0.03 and 4.45 ± 0.5 µg/ml). Methanolic rootstock extract of in vitro-derived plants showed significant α-amylase (IC50 90.69 ± 2.1 µg/ml), PTP1B (IC50 24.56 ± 0.8 µg/ml), angiotensin-converting enzyme (IC50 42.5 ± 3.6 µg/ml) and tyrosinase (IC50 168.12 ± 3.6 µg/ml) inhibitory potential as compared to standard acarbose (IC50 52.36 ± 3.1 µg/ml), ursolic acid (IC50 5.24 ± 0.8 µg/ml), captopril (IC50 32.36 ± 2.5 µg/ml) and kojic acid (IC50 = 54.44 ± 2.3 µg/ml). Both the methanolic rootstock and leaf extracts of tissue culture-derived plants exhibited promising anti-5-LOX and anti-hyaluronidase activities against the known inhibitor of 5-LOX and hyaluronidase. Furthermore, methanolic rootstock extracts of both wild and in vitro-derived plants exhibited promising cytotoxic effects to HCT-116, MCF-7 and OE33 cell lines as compared to the normal HEK and MEF after 12 h of treatment. Secondary metabolite profiling of wild and in vitro-derived plants by quantitative GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of different classes of terpenoids and phenolic acids might be responsible for its effective biological activities. CONCLUSION In vitro-derived plants revealed a substantial anti-cholinesterases, anti-hyperglycemic anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive and anti-tyrosinase potential with higher yield of various bioactive metabolites and significantly higher antioxidant activity which substantially explain medicinal importance of N. jatamansi in traditional medicine, used for centuries in different Ayurvedic formulations. The present findings suggest that cultured plants could be a promising alternative for the production of bioactive metabolites with comparative biological activities to the wild plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bose
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Debabrata Tripathy
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Anupam Chatterjee
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Pramod Tandon
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Suman Kumaria
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India.
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Oketch-Rabah HA, Marles RJ, Brinckmann JA. Cinnamon and Cassia Nomenclature Confusion: A Challenge to the Applicability of Clinical Data. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2018; 104:435-445. [PMID: 29947417 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several Cinnamomum species' barks are generally labeled as cinnamon, although only Cinnamomum verum carries the common name of true cinnamon. Cassia, a common name for a related species, is rarely used on labels; instead, various cassia types may also be labeled "cinnamon." Confusion of true cinnamon and cassia spices in foods generally does not present a risk to health, except possibly at the highest intake levels. However, clinical studies with Cinnamomum investigational products have been published that inadequately describe or lack botanical identification information. The results of such studies are confounded by an inability to determine which species was responsible for the observed effects. Due to differences in the quality and composition of various Cinnamomum species, safety and efficacy data are not generalizable or transferable. Pharmacopeial monographs for characterizing the identity, composition, purity, quality, and strength of Cinnamomum investigational products should be applied to remove the ambiguity of cinnamon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin J Marles
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Deng B, Sun W. Herbal medicine for hand-foot syndrome induced by fluoropyrimidines: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1211-1228. [PMID: 29682836 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of herbal medicine for the prevention and management of hand-foot syndrome (HFS) induced by fluoropyrimidines and to identify herbs associated with HFS alleviation for further research. The PubMed, Cochrane, Springer, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases were searched up to May 2017 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated herbal medicine for relieving HFS in patients undergoing fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. Study evaluation and synthesis methods were in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook, and data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3. In total, 35 RCTs (2,668 participants) were included. Meta-analysis showed that the addition of herbal medicine significantly reduced the incidences of all-grade and high-grade HFS. The total effective rate and complete remission rate of HFS patients increased significantly with herbal medicine arm. Further sensitivity analysis identified Paeoniae Radix Alba, Carthami Flos, Cinnamomi Ramulus, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma as being consistently associated with significant reductions in HFS incidence without important heterogeneity. However, the lack of blinding in most studies may have led to overestimation of these effects. More high-quality RCTs and experimental research are needed to confirm and investigate the efficacy of the herbs identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Deng
- Department of Oncology of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China
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Supercritical CO2 Extracts and Volatile Oil of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Comparison with Conventional Methods. SEPARATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/separations5020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Studies on secondary metabolite profiling, anti-inflammatory potential, in vitro photoprotective and skin-aging related enzyme inhibitory activities of Malaxis acuminata, a threatened orchid of nutraceutical importance. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 173:686-695. [PMID: 28743100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malaxis acuminata D. Don., a small, terrestrial orchid, is endemic to tropical Himalayas at an altitude of 1200-2000m asl. The dried pseudobulbs are important ingredients of century old ayurvedic drug 'Ashtavarga' and a polyherbal immune-booster nutraceutical 'Chyavanprash', known to restore vigour, vitality and youthfulness. Considering tremendous medicinal importance of this threatened orchid species, a detailed study was undertaken for the first time to address its antioxidant potential, secondary metabolite contents and biological activities against skin-aging related enzymes (anti-collagenase, anti-elastase, anti-tyrosinase and xanthine oxidase) and anti-inflammatory activity (5-lipoxygenase and hyaluronidase) in different plant parts of wild and in vitro-derived plants of M. acuminata. Methanolic leaf and stem extracts were further evaluated for in vitro photoprotective activity against UV-B and UV-A radiations. Furthermore, secondary metabolite profiling of various plant parts was carried out by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). A significantly higher antioxidant potential (DPPH, metal chelating and ABTS•+) with a comparative higher yield of secondary metabolites was observed in in vitro-derived plantlets as compared to the wild plants. Among various solvent systems used, methanolic leaf and stem extracts showed promising inhibitory activity against major skin aging-related enzymes and anti-inflammatory potential. Methanolic leaf and stem extracts of both wild and in vitro-derived plants showed promising photoprotective activity against UV-B and UV-A radiations in vitro with comparatively higher sun protection factor (SPF). Furthermore, GC-MS analysis of methanolic extracts of leaves and stems of wild as well as in vitro-derived plantlets revealed presence of many bioactive metabolites such as, dietary fatty acids, α-hydroxy acids, phenolic acids, sterols, amino acids, sugars and glycosides which substantially explain the use of M. acuminata as one of the potential rejuvenator and anti-aging ingredient in many Ayurvedic formulations.
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Babusca D, Benchea AC, Dimitriu DG, Dorohoi DO. Spectral and Quantum Mechanical Characterization of 3-(2-Benzothiazolyl)-7-(Diethylamino) Coumarin (Coumarin 6) in Binary Solution. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1300589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Babusca
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
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García P, Ramallo IA, Furlan RLE. Reverse Phase Compatible TLC-Bioautography for Detection of Tyrosinase Inhibitors. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2017; 28:101-105. [PMID: 27910199 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reverse phase chromatography and bioautographic assays are key tools for natural product bioguided isolation; however, their direct coupling has not been fully achieved. OBJECTIVES To develop a bioautographic assay to detect tyrosinase inhibitors present in complex matrices sorbed on reverse phase (RP) TLC-plates that can be used for bioguided isolation of bioactive compounds. METHODS Enzyme gel entrapment with an amphiphilic copolymer was used for assay development. The gel turns into a brown "skin like" colour due to tyrosinase catalysed oxidation of l-tyrosine. The inhibitors are visualised as clear spots against a brown coloured background. RESULTS The assay was able to localise cinnamaldehyde in Cinnamomum cassia essential oil, as its main constituent with known tyrosinase inhibition properties. The assay allowed the detection of 0.03% (w/w) of kojic acid co-spotted with a methanolic extract of Sphaeralcea bonariensis and chromatographed on RP-TLC. CONCLUSION The developed assay is able to detect, with high sensitivity, tyrosinase inhibitors present in complex matrices that were chromatographed in RP-TLC. Results can be easily read by colour change, inhibitors appear as clear spots in a darker background. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula García
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR), UNR, CONICET, and Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - I Ayelen Ramallo
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR), UNR, CONICET, and Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ricardo L E Furlan
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR), UNR, CONICET, and Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Rosario, Argentina
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Chang WL, Cheng FC, Wang SP, Chou ST, Shih Y. Cinnamomum cassia essential oil and its major constituent cinnamaldehyde induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma HSC-3 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:456-468. [PMID: 26919256 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (CC-EO) has various functional properties, such as anti-microbial, hypouricemic, anti-tyrosinase and anti-melanogenesis activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer activities of CC-EO and its major constituent, cinnamaldehyde, in human oral squamous cell carcinoma HSC-3 cells. Determination of the cell viability, apoptotic characteristics, DNA damage, cell cycle analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic Ca2+ level and intracellular redox status were performed. Our results demonstrated that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde significantly decreased cell viability and caused morphological changes. The cell cycle analysis revealed that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in HSC-3 cells. The apoptotic characteristics (DNA laddering and chromatin condensation) and DNA damage were observed in the CC-EO-treated and cinnamaldehyde-treated HSC-3 cells. Moreover, CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde promoted an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ levels, induced mitochondrial dysfunction and activated cytochrome c release. The results of ROS production and intracellular redox status demonstrated that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde significantly increased the ROS production and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels, and the cellular glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly reduced in HSC-3 cells. Our results suggest that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde may possess anti-oral cancer activity in HSC-3 cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 456-468, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lun Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fu-Chou Cheng
- Stem Cell Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ying Shih
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lee SC, Chen CH, Yu CW, Chen HL, Huang WT, Chang YS, Hung SH, Lee TL. Inhibitory effect of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira ethanol extracts on melanin synthesis via repression of tyrosinase expression. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:263-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Fiocco D, Arciuli M, Arena MP, Benvenuti S, Gallone A. Chemical composition and the anti-melanogenic potential of different essential oils. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fiocco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Foggia; Foggia Italy
| | - Marcella Arciuli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Bari Italy
| | - Mattia Pia Arena
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Foggia; Foggia Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science; University of Foggia; Foggia Italy
| | - Stefania Benvenuti
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Anna Gallone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Bari Italy
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Salleh WMNHW, Ahmad F, Yen KH, Zulkifli RM. Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil of Beilschmiedia pulverulenta. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 54:322-330. [PMID: 25880146 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1037003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The ethnopharmacological study of Beilschmiedia indicates that several species are used for the treatment of various ailments. OBJECTIVE This is the first study of the chemical composition of Beilschmiedia pulverulenta Kosterm (Lauraceae) essential oil and its antioxidant, antimicrobial, antityrosinase, anti-inflammatory, and anticholinesterase activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidant activities were evaluated by β-carotene, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and phenolic content at different concentrations. The antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were revealed by disk diffusion and microdilution. The antityrosinase and anti-inflammatory activities were assayed against mushroom tyrosinase and lipoxygenase enzymes. The anticholinesterase activity was analyzed using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. RESULTS Forty-two components were detected in B. pulverulenta oil with eugenol (45.3%) being the major component. The oil phenolic content and the FRAP were 660.1 mg gallic acid/g and 604.0 mg ascorbic acid/g, respectively. The oil gave an IC50 value of 94.5 µg/mL and an inhibition of 93.9% in DPPH and β-carotene, respectively. The antimicrobial activity showed that the oil had strong activity against all Gram-positive bacteria with an minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value each of 62.5 µg/mL and moderate against all fungi with MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values each of 125 µg/mL. The oil showed significant antityrosinase and anti-inflammatory activities with 67.6 and 62.5% inhibition, respectively. In addition, the oil had moderate AChE (56.5%) and BChE (48.2%) activities. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results show that the oil could potentially be used for nutraceutical industries, food manufactures, and therapeutic agents against various diseases such as inflammation and rheumatism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farediah Ahmad
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) , Skudai , Johor , Malaysia
| | - Khong Heng Yen
- b School of Chemistry and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Kota Samarahan , Sarawak , Malaysia , and
| | - Razauden Mohamed Zulkifli
- c Department of Biosciences and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) , Johor , Malaysia
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