1
|
Mehta JM, Hiremath SC, Chilimba C, Ghasemi A, Weaver JD. Translation of cell therapies to treat autoimmune disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 205:115161. [PMID: 38142739 PMCID: PMC10843859 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are a diverse and complex set of chronic disorders with a substantial impact on patient quality of life and a significant global healthcare burden. Current approaches to autoimmune disease treatment comprise broadly acting immunosuppressive drugs that lack disease specificity, possess limited efficacy, and confer undesirable side effects. Additionally, there are limited treatments available to restore organs and tissues damaged during the course of autoimmune disease progression. Cell therapies are an emergent area of therapeutics with the potential to address both autoimmune disease immune dysfunction as well as autoimmune disease-damaged tissue and organ systems. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of common autoimmune disorders and the state-of-the-art in cell therapy approaches to (1) regenerate or replace autoimmune disease-damaged tissue and (2) eliminate pathological immune responses in autoimmunity. Finally, we discuss critical considerations for the translation of cell products to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinal M Mehta
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Shivani C Hiremath
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Chishiba Chilimba
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Azin Ghasemi
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jessica D Weaver
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Scotland BL, Shaw JR, Dharmaraj S, Caprio N, Cottingham AL, Joy Martín Lasola J, Sung JJ, Pearson RM. Cell and biomaterial delivery strategies to induce immune tolerance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115141. [PMID: 37980950 PMCID: PMC10842132 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of immune-mediated disorders, including autoimmune conditions and allergies, is steadily increasing. However, current therapeutic approaches are often non-specific and do not address the underlying pathogenic condition, often resulting in impaired immunity and a state of generalized immunosuppression. The emergence of technologies capable of selectively inhibiting aberrant immune activation in a targeted, antigen (Ag)-specific manner by exploiting the body's intrinsic tolerance pathways, all without inducing adverse side effects, holds significant promise to enhance patient outcomes. In this review, we will describe the body's natural mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance as well as innovative delivery strategies using cells and biomaterials targeting innate and adaptive immune cells to promote Ag-specific immune tolerance. Additionally, we will discuss the challenges and future opportunities that warrant consideration as we navigate the path toward clinical implementation of tolerogenic strategies to treat immune-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brianna L Scotland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Jacob R Shaw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Shruti Dharmaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Nicholas Caprio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Andrea L Cottingham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Jackline Joy Martín Lasola
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Junsik J Sung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Ryan M Pearson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohammadi TC, Jazi K, Bolouriyan A, Soleymanitabar A. Stem cells in treatment of crohn's disease: Recent advances and future directions. Transpl Immunol 2023; 80:101903. [PMID: 37541629 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the intestine. There is currently no recognized cure for CD because its cause is unknown. One of the modern approaches that have been suggested for the treatment of CD and other inflammatory-based disorders is cell therapy. METHODS Search terms were stem cell therapy, CD, adipose-derived stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and fistula. Of 302 related studies, we removed duplicate and irrelevant papers and identified the ones with proper information related to our scope of the research by reviewing all the abstracts and categorizing each study into the proper section. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Nowadays, stem cell therapy is widely implied in treating CD. Although mesenchymal and adipose-derived tissue stem cells proved to be safe in treating Crohn's-associated fistula, there are still debates on an optimal protocol to use. Additionally, there is still a lack of evidence on the efficacy of stem cell therapy for intestinal involvement of CD. Future investigations should focus on preparing a standard protocol as well as luminal stem cell therapy in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimia Jazi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Qom, Qom, Iran
| | - Alireza Bolouriyan
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jarai BM, Bomb K, Fromen CA. Nanoparticle pre-treatment for enhancing the survival and activation of pulmonary macrophage transplant. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1955-1966. [PMID: 36917409 PMCID: PMC10238309 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent clinical successes of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies in treating liquid cancers, many lingering challenges stand in the way of therapeutic translation to broader types of malignancies. Macrophages have been proposed as alternatives to T cells given macrophages' advantages in promoting tumor infiltration, acquiring diverse antigens, and possessing the ability to continuously stimulate adaptive responses. However, the poor survival of macrophages upon transplantation in addition to transient anti-tumor phenotypical states have been major obstacles standing in the way of macrophage-based cell therapies. Given recent discoveries of nanoparticle strategies in improving macrophage survival and promoting phenotype retention, we herein report the ability to extend the survival and phenotype of macrophage transplants in murine lungs via pre-treatment with nanoparticles of varying degradation rates. Macrophages pre-treated with 100 µg/ml dose of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate nanoparticle formulations improve pulmonary macrophage transplant survival over untreated cells beyond 7 days, where degradable nanoparticle formulations result in over a 50% increase in retention of transplanted cell counts relative to untreated cells. Furthermore, pre-treated macrophages more efficiently retain an imposed pro-inflammatory-like polarization state following transplantation out to 7 days compared to macrophages pre-treated with a classical pro-inflammatory stimulus, interferon-gamma, where CD86 costimulatory molecule expression is greater than 150% higher in pre-treated macrophage transplants compared to untreated counterparts. These findings provide an avenue for a major improvement in the lifespan and efficacy of macrophage-based cell therapies and have broader implications to other phagocyte-based cellular therapeutics and administration routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bader M Jarai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Kartik Bomb
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Catherine A Fromen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Sugimura R. Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2023; 427:113599. [PMID: 37061173 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate into various mature blood cells and immune cells, thus reconstituting hematopoiesis. By taking advantage of the tremendous potential of HSCs, varied hereditary and hematologic diseases are promised to be alleviated or cured. To solve the contradiction between the growing demand for HSCs in disease treatment and the low population of HSCs in both cord blood and bone marrow, ex vivo HSC expansion along with multiple protocols has been investigated for harvesting adequate HSCs over the past two decades. This review surveys the state-of-the-art techniques for ex vivo HSC self-renewal and provides a concise summary of the effects of diverse intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the expansion of HSCs. The remaining challenges and emerging opportunities in the field of HSC expansion are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong
| | - Ryohichi Sugimura
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Friberger I, Gontu V, Harris RA, Tran TA, Lundberg J, Holmin S. Phenotyping of Macrophages After Radiolabeling and Safety of Intra-arterial Transplantation Assessed by SPECT/CT and MRI. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231212780. [PMID: 38009543 PMCID: PMC10683405 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231212780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is an integral modality of regenerative medicine. Macrophages are known for their sensitivity to activation stimuli and capability to recruit other immune cells to the sites of injury and healing. In addition, the route of administration can impact engraftment and efficacy of cell therapy, and modern neuro-interventional techniques provide the possibility for selective intra-arterial (IA) delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) with very low risk. The effects of radiolabelling and catheter transport on differentially activated macrophages were evaluated. Furthermore, the safety of selective IA administration of these macrophages to the rabbit brain was assessed by single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and ultra-high-field (9.4 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cells were successfully labeled with (111In)In-(oxinate)3 and passed through a microcatheter with preserved phenotype. No cells were retained in the healthy rabbit brain after IA administration, and no adverse events could be observed either 1 h (n = 6) or 24 h (n = 2) after cell administration. The procedure affected both lipopolysaccharide/gamma interferon (LPS/IFNγ) activated cells and interleukin 4 (IL4), interleukin 10 (IL10)/transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) activated cells to some degree. The LPS/IFNγ activated cells had a significant increase in their phagocytotic function. Overall, the major impact on the cell phenotypes was due to the radiolabeling and not passage through the catheter. Unstimulated cells were substantially affected by both radiolabeling and catheter administration and are hence not suited for this procedure, while both activated macrophages retained their initial phenotypes. In conclusion, activated macrophages are suitable candidates for targeted IA administration without adverse effects on normal, healthy brain parenchyma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Friberger
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vamsi Gontu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thuy A Tran
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Lundberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Staffan Holmin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gilkeson GS. Safety and Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Other Cellular Therapeutics in Rheumatic Diseases in 2022: A review of what we know so far. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:752-765. [PMID: 35128813 DOI: 10.1002/art.42081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although there are a number of new immunosuppressives and biologics approved for treating various autoimmune/inflammatory rheumatic diseases, there remain a substantial number of patients who have no clinical response or limited clinical response to these available treatments. Use of cellular therapies is a novel approach for the treatment of autoimmune/inflammatory rheumatic diseases with perhaps enhanced efficacy and less toxicity than current therapies. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplants were the first foray into cellular therapies with proven efficacy in scleroderma and multiple sclerosis. Newer yet unproven cellular therapies include allogenic mesenchymal stromal cells, shown effective in graft vs host disease and in healing of Crohn's fistulas. CAR-T cells are effective in various malignancies with possible usage in rheumatic diseases, as shown in preclinical studies in murine lupus and recently in human lupus. T regulatory cells are one of the master controllers of the immune response and are decreased in number and/or effectiveness in specific autoimmune diseases. Expansion of autologous T regulatory cells is an attractive approach to controlling autoimmunity. There are a number of other regulatory cells in the immune system including regulatory B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and other T cell types that are early in development. In this review, the current evidence for efficacy and mechanisms of actions of cellular therapies already in use or in clinical trials in human autoimmune diseases will be discussed including limitations of these therapies and potential side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary S Gilkeson
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.,Medical Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy as a New Approach for the Treatment of Systemic Sclerosis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 64:284-320. [PMID: 35031958 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an intractable autoimmune disease with unmet medical needs. Conventional immunosuppressive therapies have modest efficacy and obvious side effects. Targeted therapies with small molecules and antibodies remain under investigation in small pilot studies. The major breakthrough was the development of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) to treat refractory SSc with rapidly progressive internal organ involvement. However, AHSCT is contraindicated in patients with advanced visceral involvement. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which are characterized by immunosuppressive, antifibrotic and proangiogenic capabilities may be a promising alternative option for the treatment of SSc. Multiple preclinical and clinical studies on the use of MSCs to treat SSc are underway. However, there are several unresolved limitations and safety concerns of MSC transplantation, such as immune rejections and risks of tumour formation, respectively. Since the major therapeutic potential of MSCs has been ascribed to their paracrine signalling, the use of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs)/secretomes/exosomes as a "cell-free" therapy might be an alternative option to circumvent the limitations of MSC-based therapies. In the present review, we overview the current knowledge regarding the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in SSc, focusing on progresses reported in preclinical and clinical studies using MSCs, as well as challenges and future directions of MSC transplantation as a treatment option for patients with SSc.
Collapse
|
9
|
El-Kadiry AEH, Rafei M, Shammaa R. Cell Therapy: Types, Regulation, and Clinical Benefits. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:756029. [PMID: 34881261 PMCID: PMC8645794 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.756029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy practices date back to the 19th century and continue to expand on investigational and investment grounds. Cell therapy includes stem cell- and non-stem cell-based, unicellular and multicellular therapies, with different immunophenotypic profiles, isolation techniques, mechanisms of action, and regulatory levels. Following the steps of their predecessor cell therapies that have become established or commercialized, investigational and premarket approval-exempt cell therapies continue to provide patients with promising therapeutic benefits in different disease areas. In this review article, we delineate the vast types of cell therapy, including stem cell-based and non-stem cell-based cell therapies, and create the first-in-literature compilation of the different "multicellular" therapies used in clinical settings. Besides providing the nuts and bolts of FDA policies regulating their use, we discuss the benefits of cell therapies reported in 3 therapeutic areas-regenerative medicine, immune diseases, and cancer. Finally, we contemplate the recent attention shift toward combined therapy approaches, highlighting the factors that render multicellular therapies a more attractive option than their unicellular counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abed El-Hakim El-Kadiry
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moutih Rafei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Riam Shammaa
- Canadian Centre for Regenerative Therapy, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Functional Properties of Human-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8825332. [PMID: 33884001 PMCID: PMC8041538 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8825332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are adult multi-potent cells that can be isolated from many types of tissues including adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord. They show great potential for cell therapy-based treatments, which is why they are being used in numerous clinical trials for a wide range of diseases. However, the success of placebo-controlled clinical trials has been limited, so new ways of improving the therapeutic effects of MSC are being developed, such as their assembly in a 3D conformation. In this meta-analysis, we review aggregate formation, in vitro functional properties and in vivo therapeutic potential displayed by adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord-derived MSC, assembled as spheroids. The databases PubMed and SciELO were used to find eligible articles, using free-words and MeSH terms related to the subject, finding 28 published articles meeting all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the articles selected 15 corresponded to studies using MSC derived from bone marrow, 10 from adipose tissue and 3 from umbilical cord blood or tissue. The MSC spheroids properties analyzed that displayed enhancement in comparison with monolayer 2D culture, are stemness, angiogenesis, differentiation potential, cytokine secretion, paracrine and immunomodulatory effects. Overall studies reveal that the application of MSC spheroids in vivo enhanced therapeutic effects. For instance, research exhibited reduced inflammation, faster wound healing, and closure, functional recovery and tissue repair due to immunomodulatory effects, better MSC engraftment in damaged tissue, higher MSC survival and less apoptosis at the injury. Still, further research and clinical studies with controlled and consistent results are needed to see the real therapeutic efficacy of MSC spheroids.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abedi M, Alavi-Moghadam S, Payab M, Goodarzi P, Mohamadi-jahani F, Sayahpour FA, Larijani B, Arjmand B. Mesenchymal stem cell as a novel approach to systemic sclerosis; current status and future perspectives. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 9:20. [PMID: 33258056 PMCID: PMC7704834 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00058-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a rare chronic autoimmune disease with extensive microvascular injury, damage of endothelial cells, activation of immune responses, and progression of tissue fibrosis in the skin and various internal organs. According to epidemiological data, women's populations are more susceptible to systemic sclerosis than men. Until now, various therapeutic options are employed to manage the symptoms of the disease. Since stem cell-based treatments have developed as a novel approach to rescue from several autoimmune diseases, it seems that stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells as a powerful regenerative tool can also be advantageous for systemic sclerosis treatment via their remarkable properties including immunomodulatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Accordingly, we discuss the contemporary status and future perspectives of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for systemic sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Abedi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moloud Payab
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Goodarzi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mohamadi-jahani
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Azam Sayahpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Castro-Poceiro J, Fernández-Clotet A, Panés J. Mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease. Immunotherapy 2018; 10:1203-1217. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant unmet needs remain in patients with Crohn's disease and perianal fistulas. Mesenchymal stromal cells have potent immunomodulatory actions. The Phase II studies reported efficacy of local injection of mesenchymal stromal cells to achieve closure of fistulas. A Phase III trial demonstrated that in patients with Crohn's disease and refractory complex perianal fistulas, a single injection of 120 × 106 cells was superior to local injection of placebo associated with the same surgical procedure, in obtaining closure of the fistula tracts together with absence of abscesses >2 cm, 24 weeks after the injection, a stringent combined primary end point. The benefit over placebo was sustained 52 weeks after the single injection. The therapy is safe with adverse events limited to local pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Castro-Poceiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agnès Fernández-Clotet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julián Panés
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mosabbir AA, Qudrat A, Truong K. Engineered cell migration to lesions linked to autoimmune disease. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:1028-1036. [PMID: 29251350 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The damaging and degenerative effects in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease often manifests as the formation of lesions that feature a high local concentration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). GM-CSF along with other pro-inflammatory factors form a positive feedback loop that ultimately perpetuate the lesions. Hence, to engineer chemotaxis to GM-CSF, we created a new chimeric GM-CSF receptor alpha subunit (GMRchi) that was coupled with a previously engineered Ca2+ -activated RhoA. When these proteins were expressed in mammalian cells, it allowed migration to chemical and cellular sources of GM-CSF. As a possible therapeutic intervention, we further implemented the mechanism of cell-cell membrane fusion and subsequent death. Since the microenvironment of lesions is more than just GM-CSF secretion, the further ability to recognize a combination of other features such as tissue markers will be needed for greater specificity. Nonetheless, this work represents a first step to enable cell-based therapy of autoimmune lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mosabbir
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anam Qudrat
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin Truong
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deng D, Zhang P, Guo Y, Lim TO. A randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell for lupus nephritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1436-1439. [PMID: 28478399 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluate the efficacy of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) for the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN). Previous reports showed hUC-MSC could have dramatic treatment effect. METHODS Eighteen patients with WHO class III or IV LN were randomly assigned to hUC-MSC (dose 2×108 cells) or placebo. All patients received standard immunosuppressive treatment, which consisted of intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, followed by maintenance oral prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil. RESULTS Remission occurred in 9 of 12 patients (75%) in the hUC-MSC group and 5 of 6 patients (83%) in the placebo group. Remission was defined as stabilisation or improvement in renal function, reduction in urinary red cells and protein. A similar proportion of patients on hUC-MSC and placebo achieved complete remission. Improvements in serum albumin, complement, renal function, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index and British Isles Lupus Assessment Group scores were similar in both groups. One patient on placebo had a stroke and another had ascites. One patient on hUC-MSC had leucopenia, pneumonia and subcutaneous abscess and another died of severe pneumonia. The trial was abandoned after 18 patients were enrolled when it had become obvious it would not demonstrate a positive treatment effect. CONCLUSION hUC-MSC has no apparent additional effect over and above standard immunosuppression. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01539902; Results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DanQi Deng
- Department of Dermatology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, SLE Research Centre, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Peilian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, SLE Research Centre, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Department of Dermatology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, SLE Research Centre, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
van Rhijn-Brouwer FCC, Gremmels H, Fledderus JO, Radstake TRD, Verhaar MC, van Laar JM. Cellular Therapies in Systemic Sclerosis: Recent Progress. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2016; 18:12. [PMID: 26943351 PMCID: PMC4779139 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-015-0555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disease with a high mortality and morbidity. While progress has been made in terms of identifying high-risk patients and implementing new treatment strategies, therapeutic options remain limited. In the past few decades, various cellular therapies have emerged, which have been studied in SSc and other conditions. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of currently available cellular therapies and critically assess their merit as disease-modifying treatment for SSc. Currently, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only cellular therapy that has demonstrated clinical effects on the immune system, neoangiogenesis, and fibrosis. Robust mechanistic studies as well as clinical trials are essential to move the field forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Femke C C van Rhijn-Brouwer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Gremmels
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost O Fledderus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D Radstake
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob M van Laar
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vega-Letter AM, Kurte M, Fernández-O'Ryan C, Gauthier-Abeliuk M, Fuenzalida P, Moya-Uribe I, Altamirano C, Figueroa F, Irarrázabal C, Carrión F. Differential TLR activation of murine mesenchymal stem cells generates distinct immunomodulatory effects in EAE. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:150. [PMID: 27724984 PMCID: PMC5057482 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, it has been observed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can modulate their immunoregulatory properties depending on the specific in-vitro activation of different Toll-like receptors (TLR), such as TLR3 and TLR4. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment on the immunological capacity of MSCs in vitro and in vivo. Methods C57BL/6 bone marrow-derived MSCs were pretreated with poly(I:C) and LPS for 1 hour and their immunomodulatory capacity was evaluated. T-cell proliferation and their effect on Th1, Th17, and Treg differentiation/activation were measured. Next, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of MSCs in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, which was induced for 27 days with MOG35–55 peptide following the standard protocol. Mice were subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection (2 × 106 MSCs/100 μl) on day 4. Clinical score and body weight were monitored daily by blinded analysis. At day 27, mice were euthanized and draining lymph nodes were extracted for Th1, Th17, and Treg detection by flow cytometry. Results Pretreatment of MSCs with poly(I:C) significantly reduced the proliferation of CD3+ T cells as well as nitric oxide secretion, an important immunosuppressive factor. Furthermore, MSCs treated with poly(I:C) reduced the differentiation/activation of proinflammatory lymphocytes, Th1 and Th17. In contrast, MSCs pretreated with LPS increased CD3+ T-cell proliferation, and induced Th1 and Th17 cells, as well as the levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. Finally, we observed that intraperitoneal administration of MSCs pretreated with poly(I:C) significantly reduced the severity of EAE as well as the percentages of Th1 and Th17 proinflammatory subsets, while the pretreatment of MSCs with LPS completely reversed the therapeutic immunosuppressive effect of MSCs. Conclusions Taken together, these data show that pretreatment of MSCs with poly(I:C) improved their immunosuppressive abilities. This may provide an opportunity to better define strategies for cell-based therapies to autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Vega-Letter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile.,Cell Culture Laboratory Animals, School of of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, 2362803, Chile
| | - Mónica Kurte
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile
| | - Catalina Fernández-O'Ryan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile
| | - Melanie Gauthier-Abeliuk
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile
| | - Patricia Fuenzalida
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile
| | - Ivón Moya-Uribe
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- Cell Culture Laboratory Animals, School of of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, 2362803, Chile
| | - Fernando Figueroa
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile
| | - Carlos Irarrázabal
- Laboratory of Integrative and Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile
| | - Flavio Carrión
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo N°12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, 750000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Buzhor E, Leshansky L, Blumenthal J, Barash H, Warshawsky D, Mazor Y, Shtrichman R. Cell-based therapy approaches: the hope for incurable diseases. Regen Med 2015; 9:649-72. [PMID: 25372080 DOI: 10.2217/rme.14.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies aim to repair the mechanisms underlying disease initiation and progression, achieved through trophic effect or by cell replacement. Multiple cell types can be utilized in such therapies, including stem, progenitor or primary cells. This review covers the current state of cell therapies designed for the prominent disorders, including cardiovascular, neurological (Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury), autoimmune (Type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease), ophthalmologic, renal, liver and skeletal (osteoarthritis) diseases. Various cell therapies have reached advanced clinical trial phases with potential marketing approvals in the near future, many of which are based on mesenchymal stem cells. Advances in pluripotent stem cell research hold great promise for regenerative medicine. The information presented in this review is based on the analysis of the cell therapy collection detailed in LifeMap Discovery(®) (LifeMap Sciences Inc., USA) the database of embryonic development, stem cell research and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
18
|
Vertès AA. The potential of cytotherapeutics in hematologic reconstitution and in the treatment and prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease. Chapter II: emerging transformational cytotherapies. Regen Med 2015; 10:345-73. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving treatment for inherited anemias, immunodeficiencies or hematologic malignancies. A major complication of allo-HSCT associated with high transplant-related mortality rates is graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Current and future clinical benefits in HSCT enabled by advances in hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, Tregs and natural killer cells technologies are reviewed here and discussed. Among these evolutions, based on the need for mesenchymal stem cells to be recruited by an inflammatory environment, the development and use of novel GvHD biomarkers could be explored further to deliver the right pharmaceutical to the right patient at the right time. The successful commercialization of cytotherapeutics to efficiently manage GvHD will create a virtuous ‘halo’ effect for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain A Vertès
- Sloan Fellow, London Business School, London, UK
- NxR Biotechnologies GmbH, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abdi R, Moore R, Sakai S, Donnelly CB, Mounayar M, Sackstein R. HCELL Expression on Murine MSC Licenses Pancreatotropism and Confers Durable Reversal of Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice. Stem Cells 2015; 33:1523-31. [PMID: 25641589 PMCID: PMC4447299 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an immune-mediated disease resulting in destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess potent immunomodulatory properties, garnering increasing attention as cellular therapy for T1D and other immunologic diseases. However, MSCs generally lack homing molecules, hindering their colonization at inflammatory sites following intravenous (IV) administration. Here, we analyzed whether enforced E-selectin ligand expression on murine MSCs could impact their effect in reversing hyperglycemia in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. Although murine MSCs natively do not express the E-selectin-binding determinant sialyl Lewis(x) (sLe(x) ), we found that fucosyltransferase-mediated α(1,3)-exofucosylation of murine MSCs resulted in sLe(x) display uniquely on cell surface CD44 thereby creating hematopoietic cell E-/L-selectin ligand (HCELL), the E-selectin-binding glycoform of CD44. Following IV infusion into diabetic NOD mice, allogeneic HCELL(+) MSCs showed threefold greater peri-islet infiltrates compared to buffer-treated (i.e., HCELL(-) ) MSCs, with distribution in proximity to E-selectin-expressing microvessels. Exofucosylation had no effect on MSC immunosuppressive capacity in in vitro assays; however, although engraftment was temporary for both HCELL(+) and HCELL(-) MSCs, administration of HCELL(+) MSCs resulted in durable reversal of hyperglycemia, whereas only transient reversal was observed following administration of HCELL(-) MSCs. Notably, exofucosylation of MSCs generated from CD44(-/-) mice induced prominent membrane expression of sLe(x) , but IV administration of these MSCs into hyperglycemic NOD mice showed no enhanced pancreatotropism or reversal of hyperglycemia. These findings provide evidence that glycan engineering to enforce HCELL expression boosts trafficking of infused MSCs to pancreatic islets of NOD mice and substantially improves their efficacy in reversing autoimmune diabetes. Stem Cells 2013;33:1523-1531.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Abdi
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division & Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robert Moore
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division & Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Shinobu Sakai
- Department of Dermatology, Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Conor B. Donnelly
- Department of Dermatology, Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Marwan Mounayar
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division & Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology, Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ciccocioppo R, Cangemi GC, Roselli EA, Kruzliak P. Are stem cells a potential therapeutic tool in coeliac disease? Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1317-29. [PMID: 25511197 PMCID: PMC11113911 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing understanding of its pathogenesis, the treatment of coeliac disease is still based on a lifelong gluten-free diet that, although efficacious, is troublesome for affected patients, and a definitive cure is still an unmet need. In this regard, the development of new chemical- and biological-derived agents has often resulted in unsatisfactory effects when tested in vivo, probably because of their ability to target only a single pathway, whilst the immunological cascade responsible for tissue injury is complex and redundant. The advent of cellular therapies, mainly based on the use of stem cells, is an emerging area of interest since it has the advantage of a multi-target strategy. Both haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells have been employed in the treatment of refractory patients suffering from autoimmune diseases, with promising results. However, the lack of immunogenicity makes mesenchymal stem cells more suitable than their haematopoietic counterpart, since their transplantation may be performed in the absence of a myeloablative conditioning regimen. In addition, mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to harbour strong modulatory effects on almost all cells involved in immune response, together with a potent regenerative action. It is therefore conceivable that over the next few years their therapeutic use will increase as their biological interactions with injured tissues become clearer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Center for the Study and Cure of Coeliac Disease, Clinica Medica I, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cristina Cangemi
- Center for the Study and Cure of Coeliac Disease, Clinica Medica I, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Anna Roselli
- Center for the Study and Cure of Coeliac Disease, Clinica Medica I, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital and Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chung HJ, Hassan MM, Park JO, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Manipulation of a quasi-natural cell block for high-efficiency transplantation of adherent somatic cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2015; 48:392-400. [PMID: 25742639 PMCID: PMC4445661 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have raised hope that transplantation of adherent somatic cells could
provide dramatic new therapies for various diseases. However, current methods for
transplanting adherent somatic cells are not efficient enough for therapeutic
applications. Here, we report the development of a novel method to generate
quasi-natural cell blocks for high-efficiency transplantation of adherent somatic
cells. The blocks were created by providing a unique environment in which cultured
cells generated their own extracellular matrix. Initially, stromal cells isolated
from mice were expanded in vitro in liquid cell culture medium
followed by transferring the cells into a hydrogel shell. After incubation for 1 day
with mechanical agitation, the encapsulated cell mass was perforated with a thin
needle and then incubated for an additional 6 days to form a quasi-natural cell
block. Allograft transplantation of the cell block into C57BL/6 mice resulted in
perfect adaptation of the allograft and complete integration into the tissue of the
recipient. This method could be widely applied for repairing damaged cells or
tissues, stem cell transplantation, ex vivo gene therapy, or plastic
surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - M M Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - J O Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - H J Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., Wanju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - S T Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
De Oliveira GLV, De Lima KWA, Colombini AM, Pinheiro DG, Panepucci RA, Palma PVB, Brum DG, Covas DT, Simões BP, De Oliveira MC, Donadi EA, Malmegrim KCR. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Multiple Sclerosis Patients have Distinct Gene Expression Profile and Decreased Suppressive Function Compared with Healthy Counterparts. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:151-65. [DOI: 10.3727/096368913x675142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, due to an immune reaction against myelin proteins. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) present immunosuppressive effects and have been used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In our study, gene expression profile and in vitro immunomodulatory function tests were used to compare bone marrow-derived MSCs obtained from MS patients, at pre- and postautologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) with those from healthy donors. Patient MSCs comparatively exhibited i) senescence in culture; ii) similar osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential; iii) decreased expression of CD105, CD73, CD44, and HLA-A/B/C molecules; iv) distinct transcription at pre-AHSCT compared with control MSCs, yielding 618 differentially expressed genes, including the downregulation of TGFB1 and HGF genes and modulation of the FGF and HGF signaling pathways; v) reduced antiproliferative effects when pre-AHSCT MSCs were cocultured with allogeneic T-lymphocytes; vi) decreased secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β in supernatants of both cocultures (pre- and post-AHSCT MSCs); and vii) similar percentages of regulatory cells recovered after MSC cocultures. The transcriptional profile of patient MSCs isolated 6 months posttransplantation was closer to pre-AHSCT samples than from healthy MSCs. Considering that patient MSCs exhibited phenotypic changes, distinct transcriptional profile and functional defects implicated in MSC immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive activity, we suggest that further MS clinical studies should be conducted using allogeneic bone marrow MSCs derived from healthy donors. We also demonstrated that treatment of MS patients with AHSCT does not reverse the transcriptional and functional alterations observed in patient MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gislane L. V. De Oliveira
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kalil W. A. De Lima
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda M. Colombini
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel G. Pinheiro
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. Panepucci
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia V. B. Palma
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Doralina G. Brum
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine of Botucatu, University of State of São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dimas T. Covas
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Belinda P. Simões
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C. De Oliveira
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A. Donadi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelen C. R. Malmegrim
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Choi EW, Yun TW, Song JW, Lee M, Yang J, Choi KS. Preventive effects of CTLA4Ig-overexpressing adipose tissue--derived mesenchymal stromal cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Cytotherapy 2014; 17:271-82. [PMID: 25541299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disorder. In this study, we first compared the therapeutic effects of syngeneic and xenogeneic adipose tissue-derived stem cells on a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. Second, we investigated the synergistic preventive effects of CTLA4Ig and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) as a therapeutic substance. METHODS Arthritis was induced in all groups except for the normal, saline (N) group, using chicken type II collagen (CII). Animals were divided into C (control, saline), H (hASCs), M (mASCs) and N groups (experiment I) and C, H, CT (CTLA4Ig-overexpressing human ASC [CTLA4Ig-hASCs]) and N groups (experiment II), according to transplanted material. Approximately 2 × 10(6) ASCs or 150 μL of saline was intravenously administered on days 24, 27, 30 and 34, and all animals were killed on days 42 to 44 after CII immunization. RESULTS Anti-mouse CII autoantibodies were significantly lower in the H, M and CT groups than in the C group. Cartilage damage severity score and C-telopeptide of type II collagen were significantly lower in the CT group than in the C group. The serum levels of IL-6 were significantly lower in the H, M and CT groups than in the C group. The serum levels of keratinocyte chemoattractant were significantly lower in the CT group than the C group. CONCLUSIONS There were similar effects of ASCs on the decrease of anti-mouse CII autoantibody levels between syngeneic and xenogeneic transplantations, and CTLA4Ig-hASCs showed synergistic preventive effects compared with non-transduced hASCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Won Yun
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woo Song
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjae Lee
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehoon Yang
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sil Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Al-toma A, Nijeboer P, Bouma G, Visser O, Mulder CJJ. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for non-malignant gastrointestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:17368-17375. [PMID: 25516648 PMCID: PMC4265595 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i46.17368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both, autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be used to cure or ameliorate a variety of malignant and non-malignant diseases. The rationale behind this strategy is based on the concept of immunoablation using high-dose chemotherapy, with subsequent regeneration of naive T-lymphocytes derived from reinfused hematopoietic progenitor cells. In addition, the use of HSCT allows for the administration of high-dose chemotherapy (whether or not combined with immunomodulating agents such as antithymocyte globulin) resulting in a prompt remission in therapy-refractory patients. This review gives an update of the major areas of successful uses of HSCT in non-malignant gastrointestinal disorders. A Medline search has been conducted and all relevant published data were analyzed. HSCT has been proved successful in treating refractory Crohn’s disease (CD). Patients with refractory celiac disease type II and a high risk of developing enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma have shown promising improvement. Data concerning HSCT and mesenchymal SCT in end-stage chronic liver diseases are encouraging. In refractory autoimmune gastrointestinal diseases high-dose chemotherapy followed by HSCT seems feasible and safe and might result in long-term improvement of disease activity. Mesenchymal SCT for a selected group of CD is promising and may represent a significant therapeutic alternative in treating fistulas in CD.
Collapse
|
25
|
Tolerogenic effect of mesenchymal stromal cells on gliadin-specific T lymphocytes in celiac disease. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1080-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
26
|
Jassies-van der Lee A, Rutten VPMG, Bruijn J, Willemse T, Broere F. CD4+and CD8+skin-associated T lymphocytes in canine atopic dermatitis produce interleukin-13, interleukin-22 and interferon-γ and contain a CD25+FoxP3+subset. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25:456-e72. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Jassies-van der Lee
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Victor P. M. G. Rutten
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Division of Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases; Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria; Private Bag X04 Onderstepoort 0110 South Africa
| | - Jet Bruijn
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ton Willemse
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Division of Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Division of Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aghamir SMK, Salavati A, Yousefie R, Tootian Z, Ghazaleh N, Jamali M, Azimi P. Does bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transfusion prevent antisperm antibody production after traumatic testis rupture? Urology 2014; 84:82-6. [PMID: 24797037 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether transfusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could prevent humoral immune response and autoimmunization against sperms after traumatic testis rupture. METHODS Immunomodulatory properties of MSCs have been evaluated by a prospective cohort on 50 adult BALB/c mice. In each interventional arms of study, controlled testis rupture and surgical repair were exerted. In addition to tissue repair, single dose of 5×10(5) MSCs labeled by green fluorescent protein was delivered intravenously to 20 cases (cell therapy group). After euthanizing, seroconversion of antisperm antibody (ASA) was compared between 2 interventional groups as response of humoral immune system. Lung and testis tissues were examined for green fluorescent protein-positive cells to assess whether presence of stem cells is correlated with seroconversion rates. RESULTS Six cases had been lost during the study. Fourteen of 16 mice in cell therapy control group formed ASA (87.5%) but 6 of 18 mice (33.3%) in cell therapy group were immunized and formed ASA (P=.002). Transplanted cells were traced in lungs of 55% (n=10) of cell therapy group and none were found in trauma site. Small volume of mice blood was our main limitation to trace seroconversion or quantitative measurement of ASA in each case. CONCLUSION In this in vivo model of autoimmune infertility, bone marrow-derived MSC transfusion showed immunosuppressive effects on antibody production. Considering immunomodulatory properties of MSCs even in allogeneic settings, novel clinical application should be investigated further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir
- Urology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alborz Salavati
- Urology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Yousefie
- Urology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Pourya Azimi
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lai QG, Sun SL, Zhou XH, Zhang CP, Yuan KF, Yang ZJ, Luo SL, Tang XP, Ci JB. Adipose-derived stem cells transfected with pEGFP-OSX enhance bone formation during distraction osteogenesis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2014; 15:482-90. [PMID: 24793766 PMCID: PMC4076605 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1300203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of local delivery of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) transfected with transcription factor osterix (OSX) on bone formation during distraction osteogenesis. New Zealand white rabbits (n=54) were randomly divided into three groups (18 rabbits per group). A directed cloning technique was used for the construction of recombinant plasmid pEGFP-OSX, where EGFP is the enhanced green fluorescence protein. After osteodistraction of the right mandible of all experimental rabbits, rabbits in group A were treated with ADSCs transfected with pEGFP-OSX, group B with ADSCs transfected with pEGFP-N1, and group C with physiological saline. Radiographic and histological examinations were processed after half of the animals within each group were humanely killed by injection of sodium pentothal at Week 2 or 6 after surgery. The distraction bone density was measured as its projectional bone mineral density (BMD). Three parameters were measured, namely, the thickness of new trabeculae (TNT), and the volumes of the newly generated cortical bone (NBV1) and the cancellous bone (NBV2) of the distracted regions. Good bone generation in the distraction areas was found in group A, which had the highest BMD, TNT, and NBV in the distraction zones among the groups. There was no significant difference in bone generation in the distraction areas between groups B and C. The results indicate that the transplantation of ADSCs transfected with pEGFP-OSX can effectively promote bone generation during distraction in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-guo Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, the Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shao-long Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Zhaoyuan People’s Hospital, Zhaoyuan 265400, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiao-hong Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Chen-ping Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, the Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kui-feng Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Zhong-jun Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Sheng-lei Luo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Xiao-peng Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Jiang-bo Ci
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Panés J, Ordás I, Ricart E. Stem cell treatment for Crohn’s disease. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 6:597-605. [DOI: 10.1586/eci.10.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
30
|
Markides H, Kehoe O, Morris RH, El Haj AJ. Whole body tracking of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-labelled cells--a rheumatoid arthritis mouse model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:126. [PMID: 24406201 PMCID: PMC3854718 DOI: 10.1186/scrt337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been made possible by the immunosuppressive and differentiation abilities of these cells. A non-invasive means of assessing cell integration and bio-distribution is fundamental in evaluating the risks and success of this therapy, thereby enabling clinical translation. This paper defines the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in conjunction with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to image and track MSCs in vivo within a murine model of RA. Methods Murine MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated, expanded and labelled with SiMAG, a commercially available particle. In vitro MRI visibility thresholds were investigated by labelling mMSCs with SiMAG with concentrations ranging from 0 to 10 μg/ml and resuspending varying cell doses (103 to 5 × 105 cells) in 2 mg/ml collagen prior to MR-imaging. Similarly, in vivo detection thresholds were identified by implanting 3 × 105 mMSCs labelled with 0 to 10 μg/ml SiMAG within the synovial cavity of a mouse and MR-imaging. Upon RA induction, 300,000 mMSCs labelled with SiMAG (10 μg/ml) were implanted via intra-articular injection and joint swelling monitored as an indication of RA development over seven days. Furthermore, the effect of SiMAG on cell viability, proliferation and differentiation was investigated. Results A minimum particle concentration of 1 μg/ml (300,000 cells) and cell dose of 100,000 cells (5 and 10 μg/ml) were identified as the in vitro MRI detection threshold. Cell viability, proliferation and differentiation capabilities were not affected, with labelled populations undergoing successful differentiation down osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. A significant decrease (P < 0.01) in joint swelling was measured in groups containing SiMAG-labelled and unlabelled mMSCs implying that the presence of SPIONs does not affect the immunomodulating properties of the cells. In vivo MRI scans demonstrated good contrast and the identification of SiMAG-labelled populations within the synovial joint up to 7 days post implantation. This was further confirmed using histological analysis. Conclusions We have been able to monitor and track the migration of stem cell populations within the rheumatic joint in a non-invasive manner. This manuscript goes further to highlight the key characteristics (biocompatible and the ability to create significant contrast at realistic doses within a clinical relevant system) demonstrated by SiMAG that should be incorporated into the design of a new clinically approved tracking agent.
Collapse
|
31
|
Yuan Y, Sin WY, Xue B, Ke Y, Tse KT, Chen Z, Xie Y, Xie Y. Novel alginate three-dimensional static and rotating culture systems for effective ex vivo amplification of human cord blood hematopoietic stem cells and in vivo functional analysis of amplified cells in NOD/SCID mice. Transfusion 2013; 53:2001-11. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
32
|
YUAN Y, TSE KT, SIN FWY, XUE B, FAN HH, XIE Y, XIE Y. Ex vivo amplification of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in an alginate three-dimensional culture system. Int J Lab Hematol 2011; 33:516-25. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2011.01324.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
33
|
Annaloro C, Onida F, Lambertenghi Deliliers G. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in autoimmune diseases. Expert Rev Hematol 2011; 2:699-715. [PMID: 21082959 DOI: 10.1586/ehm.09.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The term 'autoimmune diseases' encompasses a spectrum of diseases whose clinical manifestations and, possibly, biological features vary widely. The results of conventional treatment are considered unsatisfactory in aggressive forms, with subsets of patients having short life expectancies. Relying on wide experimental evidence and more feeble clinical data, some research groups have used autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the most disabling autoimmune diseases with the aim of resetting the patient's immune system. Immunoablative conditioning regimens are preferred over their myeloablative counterparts, and some form of in vivo and/or ex vivo T-cell depletion is generally adopted. Despite 15 years' experience, published controlled clinical trials are still lacking, with the evidence so far available coming from pilot studies and registry surveys. In multiple sclerosis, clinical improvement, or at least lasting disease stabilization, can be achieved in the majority of the patients; nevertheless, the worst results are observed in patients with progressive disease, where no benefit can be expected from conventional therapy. Concerning rheumatologic diseases, wide experience has been acquired in systemic sclerosis, with long-term improvements in cutaneous disease being frequently reported, although visceral involvement remains unchanged at best. Autografting has proved to be barely effective in rheumatoid arthritis and quite toxic in juvenile idiopathic arthritis, whereas it leads to clinical remission and the reversal of visceral impairment in the majority of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. A promising indication is Crohn's disease, in which long-term endoscopic remission is frequently observed. Growing experience with autologous HCST in autoimmune diseases has progressively reduced concerns about transplant-related mortality and secondary myelodysplasia/leukemia. Therefore, a sustained complete remission seems to be within the reach of autografting in some autoimmune diseases; in others, the indications, risks and benefits of autografting need to be better defined. Consequently, the search for new drugs should also be encouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Annaloro
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center-Hematology I, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in regulating the balance between immunity and tolerance of the immune system. Recent advancements in DC biology and techniques for manipulating the function of these cells have shown their immense therapeutic potential for treating a variety of immune disorders. Theoretically, antigen-specific tolerogenic DCs can be generated in vitro and delivered to patients to correct the dysfunctional immune responses that attack their own tissues or over-react to innocuous foreign antigens. However, DCs are a heterogeneous population of cells with differences in cell surface makers, differentiation pathways and functions. Studies are needed to examine which subset of DCs can be used for what type of applications. Furthermore, most of the information on tolerogenic DCs has been obtained from animal models and translational studies are needed to examine how a DC therapeutic strategy can be implemented clinically to modulate immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jim Hu
- Physiology and Experimental Medicine Research Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fiorina P, Jurewicz M, Vergani A, Petrelli A, Carvello M, D'Addio F, Godwin JG, Law K, Wu E, Tian Z, Thoma G, Kovarik J, La Rosa S, Capella C, Rodig S, Zerwes HG, Sayegh MH, Abdi R. Targeting the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis mobilizes autologous hematopoietic stem cells and prolongs islet allograft survival via programmed death ligand 1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 186:121-31. [PMID: 21131428 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Antagonism of CXCR4 disrupts the interaction between the CXCR4 receptor on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the CXCL12 expressed by stromal cells in the bone marrow, which subsequently results in the shedding of HSCs to the periphery. Because of their profound immunomodulatory effects, HSCs have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for autoimmune disorders. We sought to investigate the immunomodulatory role of mobilized autologous HSCs, via target of the CXCR4-CXL12 axis, to promote engraftment of islet cell transplantation. Islets from BALB/c mice were transplanted beneath the kidney capsule of hyperglycemic C57BL/6 mice, and treatment of recipients with CXCR4 antagonist resulted in mobilization of HSCs and in prolongation of islet graft survival. Addition of rapamycin to anti-CXCR4 therapy further promoted HSC mobilization and islet allograft survival, inducing a robust and transferable host hyporesponsiveness, while administration of an ACK2 (anti-CD117) mAb halted CXCR4 antagonist-mediated HSC release and restored allograft rejection. Mobilized HSCs were shown to express high levels of the negative costimulatory molecule programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and HSCs extracted from wild-type mice, but not from PD-L1 knockout mice, suppressed the in vitro alloimmune response. Moreover, HSC mobilization in PD-L1 knockout mice failed to prolong islet allograft survival. Targeting the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis thus mobilizes autologous HSCs and promotes long-term survival of islet allografts via a PD-L1-mediated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fiorina
- Transplantation Research Center, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
C-Phycocyanin ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and induces regulatory T cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:29-38. [PMID: 20971186 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For decades Experimental Autoimmune Encephalitis (EAE) has remained as an unsurpassed multiple sclerosis (MS) animal model. C-Phycocyanin (C-Pc) has been reported to exhibit pharmacological properties that may be expected to symptomatically improve EAE and MS. However, in this paper we reveal a basic underlying mechanism that may provide a new approach to the rationale of the overall beneficial effect of this natural antioxidant. We demonstrate that C-Pc is able to trigger mechanisms preventing or downgrading EAE expression and induces a regulatory T cell (Treg) response, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from MS patients. These results agree with reports suggesting that Treg limit acute MS attacks and that C-Pc may act as a neuroprotector and thereby reverts the organic and functional damage in neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, evidence is provided on the antioxidant activity of C-Pc within the CNS, intended to improve the myelin and axonal damage of EAE induced Lewis rats. Our results indicate that specific Treg activation may represent a central and essential mechanism in supporting the therapeutic potential of C-Pc for MS and may lead to new and more effective therapies; this property would then complement and enhance other proven active principles such as interferons (IFN), giving rise to combined therapies.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ko HJ, Chung JY, Nasa Z, Chan J, Siatskas C, Toh BH, Alderuccio F. Targeting MOG expression to dendritic cells delays onset of experimental autoimmune disease. Autoimmunity 2010; 44:177-87. [PMID: 20883147 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2010.515274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transfer coupled with gene therapy is a powerful approach to treating fatal diseases such as X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. This ability to isolate and genetically manipulate HSCs also offers a strategy for inducing immune tolerance through ectopic expression of autoantigens. We have previously shown that retroviral transduction of bone marrow (BM) with vectors encoding the autoantigen, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), can prevent the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, ubiquitous cellular expression of autoantigen driven by retroviral promoters may not be the best approach for clinical translation and a targeted expression approach may be more acceptable. As BM-derived dendritic cells (DCs) play a major role in tolerance induction, we asked whether targeted expression of MOG, a target autoantigen in EAE, to DCs can promote tolerance induction and influence the development of EAE. Self-inactivating retroviral vectors incorporating the mouse CD11c promoter were generated and used to transduce mouse BM cells. Transplantation of gene-modified cells into irradiated recipients resulted in the generation of chimeric mice with transgene expression limited to DCs. Notably, chimeric mice transplanted with MOG-expressing BM cells manifest a significant delay in the development of EAE suggesting that targeted antigen expression to tolerogenic cell types may be a feasible approach to inducing antigen-specific tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ja Ko
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
García-Bosch O, Ricart E, Panés J. Review article: stem cell therapies for inflammatory bowel disease - efficacy and safety. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32:939-52. [PMID: 20804451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04439.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drugs available for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease fail to induce and maintain remission in a significant number of patients. AIM To assess the value of stem cell therapies for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease based on published studies. METHODS Publications were identified through a MEDLINE search using the Medical Subject Heading terms: inflammatory bowel diseases, or Crohn's disease, or ulcerative colitis, and stem cell, or stromal cell or transplant. RESULTS Haematopoietic stem cell therapy as a primary treatment for inflammatory bowel disease was originally supported by animal experiments, and by remissions in patients undergoing transplant for haematological disorders. Later, transplantation specifically performed for patients with refractory Crohn's disease showed long-lasting clinical remission and healing of inflammatory intestinal lesions. Use of autologous nonmyeloablative regimens and concentration of the procedures in centres with large experience are key in reducing treatment-related mortality. Initial trials of mesenchymal stem cell therapy with local injection in Crohn's perianal fistulas had positive results. CONCLUSIONS Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant changes the natural course of Crohn's disease, and may be a therapeutic option in patients with refractory disease if surgery is not feasible due to disease location or extension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O García-Bosch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CiBERehd, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Marmont AM, Saccardi R. This issue reports the results of HSCT. Concluding remarks. Autoimmunity 2010; 41:686-90. [PMID: 18958749 DOI: 10.1080/08916930802200240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
40
|
Mok CC. Update on emerging drug therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2010; 15:53-70. [DOI: 10.1517/14728210903535878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
41
|
Zangi L, Margalit R, Reich-Zeliger S, Bachar-Lustig E, Beilhack A, Negrin R, Reisner Y. Direct Imaging of Immune Rejection and Memory Induction by Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells 2009; 27:2865-74. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
42
|
Snowden JA, Martin-Rendon E, Watt SM. Clinical stem cell therapies for severe autoimmune diseases. Transfus Med 2009; 19:223-34. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2009.00927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
43
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review presents the recent results of a decade's experience with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treating severe autoimmune disease, with special reference to new insights into pathophysiology. In addition, the newly evolving field of mesenchymal stem cell therapy of autoimmune disease is introduced. RECENT FINDINGS Phase I/II studies in several major autoimmune disease have shown a satisfactory benefit risk ratio. Over one-third of patients achieve a durable remission with a treatment-related mortality of around 5%. Treatment-related mortality is less for some diseases (2% for multiple sclerosis). Phase III randomized controlled trials are advanced in systemic sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease. In systemic sclerosis, data of the past 12 months suggest remodeling of collagen and normalization of microvasculature after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, a new finding. Mesenchymal stem cells have shown promise in exerting an immediate anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory role in some autoimmune disease with little evidence of acute toxicity. SUMMARY Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe autoimmune disease has been shown to be feasible, and definitive phase III randomized trials are now in progress. Durable remission after immune reconstitution and tissue remodeling suggests an effect beyond profound immunosuppression. Mesenchymal stem cells show promise as immunomodulatory agents in autoimmune disease with low acute toxicity and no requirement for ablation of the recipient immune system.
Collapse
|
44
|
Uprichard J, Dazzi F, Apperley JF, Laffan MA. Haemopoietic stem cell transplantation induces tolerance to donor antigens but not to foreign FVIII peptides. Haemophilia 2009; 16:143-7. [PMID: 19735311 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2009.02099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 22-year-old male with severe haemophilia A and high responding factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitor underwent sibling haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in an attempt to eradicate the inhibitor. A reduced intensity conditioning regimen was followed by bone marrow infusion and continuous FVIII administration during immune reconstitution. Although substantial levels of FVIII:C (>100 IU dL(-1)) were maintained initially, at day +23 inhibitor titres rose, indicating boosting of recipient memory repertoire, despite complete donor chimerism. On day +46, he developed Klebsiella pneumoniae septicaemia and died. This case shows that, despite very successful transplantation tolerance, the procedure failed to control long-term memory effector immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Uprichard
- Department of Haematology, Imperial College, Du Cane Road, London, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gratwohl A. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe autoimmune diseases. Autoimmunity 2009; 41:673-8. [DOI: 10.1080/08916930802197677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
46
|
Alderuccio F, Chan J, Toh BH. Tweaking the immune system: Gene therapy-assisted autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a treatment for autoimmune disease. Autoimmunity 2009; 41:679-85. [DOI: 10.1080/08916930802197123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
47
|
Donor-derived mesenchymal stem cells suppress alloreactivity of kidney transplant patients. Transplantation 2009; 87:896-906. [PMID: 19300194 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e31819b3d72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunosuppressive capacities. Although their efficacy is currently studied in graft-versus-host disease, their effect on alloreactivity in solid organ transplant patients is unknown. In this study, the immunosuppressive effect of MSC on recipient anti-donor reactivity was examined before and after clinical kidney transplantation. METHODS Anti-donor reactivity was established in pretransplant and posttransplant mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) of 14 living-kidney donor-recipient pairs. MSC from donors and third-party controls were added to the MLR in a ratio of 1:5. RESULTS MSC were isolated from donor perirenal fat and showed multilineage differentiation potential and the capacity to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation. The immunosuppressive effect of MSC was dose dependent and mediated by cell-membrane contact and soluble factors, including interleukin-10 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.Donor-derived MSC significantly inhibited the recipient anti-donor reactivity before and 1 month after transplantation. This effect was independent of human leukocyte antigen background of MSC. Flow cytometric analysis showed that MSC inhibited the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets in pretransplant and posttransplant donor-directed MLR, whereas MSC had no effect on B- or natural killer-cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Donor MSC significantly inhibited the proliferation of alloactivated recipient T cells before and after kidney transplantation. We believe these findings should encourage MSC-based intervention in clinical organ transplantation.
Collapse
|
48
|
[Regenerative potential of human adult precursor cells: cell therapy--an option for treating cartilage defects?]. Z Rheumatol 2009; 68:234-8. [PMID: 19384550 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-008-0396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapeutical approaches are already in clinical use and are attracting growing interest for the treatment of joint defects. Mesenchymal stem and precursor cells (MSC) cover a wide range of properties that are useful for the regeneration process of bone and cartilage defects. The following article is an overview of the regenerative potential of MSC and discusses how the properties of these cells can be used for the development of new strategies in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Immunoablation with autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue has been used in over 1,300 autoimmune disease patients, around 150 with SLE. Some patients have experienced durable remissions with loss of autoantibodies, whereas others either did not respond or died as a result of the treatment. Prospective randomised trials are required and are being planned to establish the place for this potentailly curative strategy. Mesenchymal stem cells are in an exploratory phase for the treatment of acute autoimmune disease including SLE. The principle is that they home to inflammed tissue and exert an antiinflammatory paracrine effect.
Collapse
|
50
|
Cellules souches mésenchymateuses et immunomodulation : vers de nouvelles stratégies immunosuppressives pour le traitement des maladies auto-immunes ? Rev Med Interne 2009; 30:287-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2008.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2008] [Revised: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|