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Pang S, Chen B, Li Y, Wu S, Chen L. miR-92a-3p promotes pulmonary fibrosis progression by regulating KLF2-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cytotechnology 2024; 76:291-300. [PMID: 38736725 PMCID: PMC11082104 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-024-00617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic lung disease that has a poor prognosis and a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Here, we investigated the potential role of miR-92a-3p in PF. The mRNA level of miR-92a-3p was significantly increased in both the lung tissues of bleomycin (BLM)--treated mice and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). Overexpressing miR-92a-3p increased the mRNA and protein levels of α‑SMA, vimentin, and Col-1 but downregulated E-cadherin. Additionally, the protein and mRNA expression levels of KLF2 were significantly decreased in the lung tissues of BLM-treated mice, suggesting that KLF2 participated in the progression of BLM-induced PF. Downregulating miR-92a-3p upregulated the expression of KLF2 and inhibited the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) process, thus alleviating PF in vivo. Altogether, a miR-92a-3p deficiency could significantly reduce the development of myofibroblasts and ameliorate PF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Pang
- Division of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Chen
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Wu
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
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2
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Jeong HR, Hwang IT. MicroRNAs as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric diseases. Clin Exp Pediatr 2024; 67:119-125. [PMID: 37232075 PMCID: PMC10915459 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by silencing or degrading messenger RNAs. Many of the approximately 2,500 miRNAs discovered in humans are known to regulate vital biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and embryonic tissue development. Aberrant miRNA expression may have pathological and malignant consequences. Therefore, miRNAs have emerged as novel diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for various diseases. Children undergo various stages of growth, development, and maturation between birth and adulthood. It is important to study the role of miRNA expression in normal growth and disease development during these developmental stages. In this mini-review, we discuss the role of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various pediatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwal Rim Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Il Tae Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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3
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Cheng Q, Chen L, Ni L. Association of miR-203 Expression with Prognostic Value in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J INVEST SURG 2023; 36:2285780. [PMID: 38047456 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2023.2285780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the association between miR-203 expression and the prognostic value in patients with esophageal cancer by the method of systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library to collect studies on the relationship between miR-203 expression and the prognostic value of esophageal cancer up to July 2023. Stata 15.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect sizes. RESULTS A total of 6 studies were included in this review, including 476 patients with esophageal cancer. The results showed that miR-203 low expression was associated with worse overall survival (OS) in patients with esophageal cancer compared with miR-203 high expression (HR = 2.80, 95%CI: 1.99 ∼ 3.93, p < 0.001). The results of Egger's (p = 0.154) and Begg's Tests (p = 0.221) indicated no obvious publication bias. Sensitivity analysis verified the robustness of the results obtained in this study. CONCLUSION The expression of miR-203 is significantly correlated with the prognostic value in patients with esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer patients with high expression of miR-203 had better prognosis than those with low expression of miR-203. Due to the limited studies included in this meta-analysis, more trials are needed to confirm the conclusions of this study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirun Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Asif S, Umar T, Umar Z, Jamil H, Feng H, Zhang P, Umer S. MicroRNAs in equine Endometritis: A review of pathophysiology and molecular insights for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110949. [PMID: 37725848 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Endometritis plays an important role in mare infertility. Certain infectious agents interfere with the innate immune system of endometrium, causing a systemic inflammatory response that lasts for a long time and circulates via the blood or cellular degeneration, leading to endometritis due to bacterial endotoxins. Different small, non-coding RNA molecules are involved in many biological functions. For instance, microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. These miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, primarily via inhibiting transcription and translation processes. This manuscript reviews: (1) pathomorphological findings in equine endometritis, (2) the expression and effects of eca-miR-17, eca-miR-223, eca-miR-200a, eca-miR-155, and eca-miR-205 in endometritis and (3) the therapeutic role of miRNA in equine endometritis. The miRNAs have a vital regulatory role in a wide range of inflammatory diseases by regulating the molecular mechanism of cytokines that cause inflammation through signal pathways. This review emphasizes the demand for cutting-edge genetic technologies and the development of novel pharmaceutical preparations to improve our understanding of the genes encoding by these miRNAs. It also focuses on the efficacy of miRNAs for control, early diagnosis, and prevention of endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Asif
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Talha Umar
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zaima Umar
- Department of Anatomy, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Huma Jamil
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Huili Feng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, Zhengzhou City 451450, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Saqib Umer
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan.
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Anwar Z, Ijaz A, Ditta A, Wang B, Liu F, Khan SMUD, Haidar S, Hassan HM, Khan MKR. Genomic Dynamics and Functional Insights under Salt Stress in Gossypium hirsutum L. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1103. [PMID: 37239463 PMCID: PMC10218025 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing climate is intensifying salt stress globally. Salt stress is a menace to cotton crop quality and yield. The seedling, germination, and emergence phases are more prone to the effects of salt stress than other stages. Higher levels of salt can lead to delayed flowering, a reduced number of fruiting positions, shedding of fruits, decreased boll weight, and yellowing of fiber, all of which have an adverse effect on the yield and quality of the seed cotton. However, sensitivity toward salt stress is dependent on the salt type, cotton growth phase, and genotype. As the threat of salt stress continues to grow, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying salt tolerance in plants and to identify potential avenues for enhancing the salt tolerance of cotton. The emergence of marker-assisted selection, in conjunction with next-generation sequencing technologies, has streamlined cotton breeding efforts. This review begins by providing an overview of the causes of salt stress in cotton, as well as the underlying theory of salt tolerance. Subsequently, it summarizes the breeding methods that utilize marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and techniques for identifying elite salt-tolerant markers in wild species or mutated materials. Finally, novel cotton breeding possibilities based on the approaches stated above are presented and debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Anwar
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.I.); (A.D.); (S.M.-U.-D.K.); (S.H.); (H.M.H.)
| | - Aqsa Ijaz
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.I.); (A.D.); (S.M.-U.-D.K.); (S.H.); (H.M.H.)
| | - Allah Ditta
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.I.); (A.D.); (S.M.-U.-D.K.); (S.H.); (H.M.H.)
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Baohua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China;
| | - Sana Muhy-Ud-Din Khan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.I.); (A.D.); (S.M.-U.-D.K.); (S.H.); (H.M.H.)
| | - Sajjad Haidar
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.I.); (A.D.); (S.M.-U.-D.K.); (S.H.); (H.M.H.)
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mumtaz Hassan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.I.); (A.D.); (S.M.-U.-D.K.); (S.H.); (H.M.H.)
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Riaz Khan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.I.); (A.D.); (S.M.-U.-D.K.); (S.H.); (H.M.H.)
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Dunkel H, Wehrmann H, Jensen LR, Kuss AW, Simm S. MncR: Late Integration Machine Learning Model for Classification of ncRNA Classes Using Sequence and Structural Encoding. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8884. [PMID: 37240230 PMCID: PMC10218863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) classes take over important housekeeping and regulatory functions and are quite heterogeneous in terms of length, sequence conservation and secondary structure. High-throughput sequencing reveals that the expressed novel ncRNAs and their classification are important to understand cell regulation and identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. To improve the classification of ncRNAs, we investigated different approaches of utilizing primary sequences and secondary structures as well as the late integration of both using machine learning models, including different neural network architectures. As input, we used the newest version of RNAcentral, focusing on six ncRNA classes, including lncRNA, rRNA, tRNA, miRNA, snRNA and snoRNA. The late integration of graph-encoded structural features and primary sequences in our MncR classifier achieved an overall accuracy of >97%, which could not be increased by more fine-grained subclassification. In comparison to the actual best-performing tool ncRDense, we had a minimal increase of 0.5% in all four overlapping ncRNA classes on a similar test set of sequences. In summary, MncR is not only more accurate than current ncRNA prediction tools but also allows the prediction of long ncRNA classes (lncRNAs, certain rRNAs) up to 12.000 nts and is trained on a more diverse ncRNA dataset retrieved from RNAcentral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Dunkel
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau Str. 48, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henning Wehrmann
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lars R. Jensen
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas W. Kuss
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Simm
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau Str. 48, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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7
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Jeong HR, Han JA, Kim H, Lee HJ, Shim YS, Kang MJ, Yoon JS, Ryu S, Hwang IT. Exosomal miRNA Profile in Small-for-Gestational-Age Children: A Potential Biomarker for Catch-Up Growth. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:938. [PMID: 35741700 PMCID: PMC9223036 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The mechanism underlying postnatal growth failure and catch-up growth in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) children is poorly understood. This study investigated the exosomal miRNA signature associated with catch-up growth in SGA children. Methods: In total, 16 SGA and 10 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) children were included. Serum exosomal miRNA was analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Exosomal miRNA was profiled for five SGA children with catch-up growth (SGA-CU), six SGA children without CU growth (SGA-nCU), and five AGA children. Results: Exosomal miRNA profiles were clustered into three clear groups. The exosomal miRNA expression profiles of the SGA-nCU group differed from those of the SGA-CU and AGA groups. In all, 22 miRNAs were differentially expressed between SGA-nCU and AGA, 19 between SGA-nCU and SGA-CU, and only 6 between SGA-CU and AGA. In both SGA-nCU and SGA-CU, miR-874-3p was upregulated and miR-6126 was downregulated. Therefore, these two miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for SGA. Compared with SGA-CU and AGA, miR-30c-5p, miR-363-3p, miR-29a-3p, and miR-29c-3p were upregulated in SGA-nCU, while miR-629-5p and miR-23a-5p were downregulated. These six miRNAs could be associated with growth failure in SGA-nCU children. Conclusions: SGA children without CU have a distinct exosomal miRNA expression profile compared with AGA and SGA children with CU. Exosomal miRNAs could serve as novel biomarkers for CU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwal Rim Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
| | - Jae-A Han
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medio-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (J.-A.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Heeji Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medio-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (J.-A.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (H.J.L.); (M.J.K.); (J.S.Y.)
| | - Young Suk Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Min Jae Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (H.J.L.); (M.J.K.); (J.S.Y.)
| | - Jong Seo Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (H.J.L.); (M.J.K.); (J.S.Y.)
| | - Seongho Ryu
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medio-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (J.-A.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Il Tae Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (H.J.L.); (M.J.K.); (J.S.Y.)
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Wang B, Xia L, Zhu D, Zeng H, Wei B, Lu L, Li W, Shi Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Sun M. Paternal High-Fat Diet Altered Sperm 5'tsRNA-Gly-GCC Is Associated With Enhanced Gluconeogenesis in the Offspring. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:857875. [PMID: 35480893 PMCID: PMC9035875 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.857875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Paternal lifestyle, stress and environmental exposures play a crucial role in the health of offspring and are associated with non-genetic inheritance of acquired traits, however the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we aimed to find out how the sperm tsRNA involved in paternal high-fat diet induced abnormal gluconeogenesis of F1 offspring, and explore the underlying molecular mechanism of its regulation. Method: We generated a paternal high fat diet (42% kcal fat) model to investigate the mechanism by which paternal diet affects offspring metabolism. Four-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either a control diet (CD; 10% kcal fat) or a high-fat (HFD; 42% kcal fat) diet for 10 weeks, and mice from each group were then mated with 8-week-old females with control diet in a 1:2 ratio to generate F1. F0 sperms were isolated and small RNAs was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. Metabolic phenotypes were examined with both F0 and F1. Results: A significant increase in body weight was observed with HFD-F0 mice at 8 weeks of age as compared to CD mice at the same age. F0 mice showed impaired glucose tolerance (GTT), resistance to insulin tolerance (ITT) and increased pyruvate tolerance (PTT) at 14 weeks. HFD-F1 male mice showed no significant difference in body weight. An increase in PTT was found at 13 weeks of age and no significant changes in GTT and ITT. PEPCK and G6Pase that related to gluconeogenesis increased significantly in the liver of HFD-F1 male mice. Sperm sequencing results showed that 5′tsRNA-Gly-GCC derived from tRNA-Gly-GCC-2 specifically was remarkably upregulated in sperm of HFD F0 mice. Q-PCR further showed that this tsRNA was also increased in the liver of HFD-F1 comparison with CD-F1 mice. In addition, we found that 5′tsRNA-Gly-GCC can regulate Sirt6-FoxO1 pathway and be involved in the gluconeogenesis pathway in liver. Conclusion: 5′tsRNA-Gly-GCC that increased in HFD mice mature sperms can promote gluconeogenesis in liver by regulating Sirt6-FoxO1 pathway, which might represent a potential paternal epigenetic factor mediating the intergenerational inheritance of diet-induced metabolic alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Medical Center of Hematology, The Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Hongtao Zeng
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Likui Lu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Weisheng Li
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Jingliu Liu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Yunfang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfang Zhang, ; Miao Sun,
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfang Zhang, ; Miao Sun,
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Hui Y, Jin D, Leng J, Liu D, Yuan P, Tang C, Wang Q. Hsa_circ_0007059 sponges miR-421 to repress cell growth and stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma by the PTEN-AKT/mTOR pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153692. [PMID: 34847369 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a substantial health concern worldwide. Increasing studies have suggested that circle RNAs (circRNAs) function as new regulators in HCC progression. The present work explored the role of hsa_circ_0007059 (circ_0007059) in the developing process of hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS The circ_0007059 level in HCC was determined by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and northern blot. Its biological role in HCC cells was assessed using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell, sphere formation and western blotting analyses. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to test the regulatory mechanisms of circ_0007059. RESULTS Our results revealed that circ_0007059 expression was downregulated in HCC samples and cells. Moreover, circ_0007059 overexpression inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stem cell-like property, and strengthened cell apoptosis. In mechanism, circ_0007059 suppressed AKT/mTOR pathway by positively regulating phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression. Additionally, circ_0007059 acted as a positive regulator of PTEN through controlling the availability of miR-421. Rescue assays demonstrated that PTEN knockdown or SC79 (AKT agonist) eliminated the effect of circ_0007059 on HCC cell phenotypes. CONCLUSION Circ_0007059 sponges miR-421 to inhibit oncogenic cellular process in HCC by mediating the PTEN-AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Hui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Dong Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Junzhi Leng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Chaofeng Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
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10
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Núñez-Acuña G, Valenzuela-Muñoz V, Valenzuela-Miranda D, Gallardo-Escárate C. Comprehensive Transcriptome Analyses in Sea Louse Reveal Novel Delousing Drug Responses Through MicroRNA regulation. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:710-723. [PMID: 34564738 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The role of miRNAs in pharmacological responses through gene regulation related to drug metabolism and the detoxification system has recently been determined for terrestrial species. However, studies on marine ectoparasites have scarcely been conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms of pesticide resistance. Herein, we explored the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi miRNome responses exposed to delousing drugs and the interplaying with coding/non-coding RNAs. Drug sensitivity in sea lice was tested by in vitro bioassays for the pesticides azamethiphos, deltamethrin, and cypermethrin. Ectoparasites strains with contrasting susceptibility to these compounds were used. Small-RNA sequencing was conducted, identifying 2776 novel annotated miRNAs, where 163 mature miRNAs were differentially expressed in response to the drug testing. Notably, putative binding sites for miRNAs were found in the ADME genes associated with the drugs' absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Interactions between the miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were also found, suggesting putative molecular gene regulation mechanisms. This study reports putative miRNAs correlated to the coding/non-coding RNAs modulation, revealing novel pharmacological mechanisms associated with drug resistance in sea lice species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Núñez-Acuña
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, University of Concepción, O'Higgins 1695, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Center of Biotechnology, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, Chile
| | - Valentina Valenzuela-Muñoz
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, University of Concepción, O'Higgins 1695, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Center of Biotechnology, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, Chile
| | - Diego Valenzuela-Miranda
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, University of Concepción, O'Higgins 1695, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Center of Biotechnology, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, University of Concepción, O'Higgins 1695, Concepción, Chile.
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Center of Biotechnology, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, Chile.
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11
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Mortoglou M, Tabin ZK, Arisan ED, Kocher HM, Uysal-Onganer P. Non-coding RNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: New approaches for better diagnosis and therapy. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101090. [PMID: 33831655 PMCID: PMC8042452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with a 5-year survival rate less than 8%, which has remained unchanged over the last 50 years. Early detection is particularly difficult due to the lack of disease-specific symptoms and a reliable biomarker. Multimodality treatment including chemotherapy, radiotherapy (used sparingly) and surgery has become the standard of care for patients with PDAC. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is the most common diagnostic biomarker; however, it is not specific enough especially for asymptomatic patients. Non-coding RNAs are often deregulated in human malignancies and shown to be involved in cancer-related mechanisms such as cell growth, differentiation, and cell death. Several micro, long non-coding and circular RNAs have been reported to date which are involved in PDAC. Aim of this review is to discuss the roles and functions of non-coding RNAs in diagnosis and treatments of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mortoglou
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - Zoey Kathleen Tabin
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - E Damla Arisan
- Institution of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Turkey.
| | - Hemant M Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CRUK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Pinar Uysal-Onganer
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
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12
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Ding Y, Hou Y, Liu Y, Xie X, Cui Y, Nie H. Prospects for miR-21 as a Target in the Treatment of Lung Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:415-422. [PMID: 32867648 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826999200820160608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) is a class of small evolutionarily conserved non-coding RNA, which can inhibit the target gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and serve as significant roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Of note, the aberrant miR-21 has been involved in the generation and development of multiple lung diseases, and identified as a candidate of biomarker, therapeutic target, or indicator of prognosis. MiR-21 relieves acute lung injury via depressing the PTEN/Foxo1-TLR4/NF-κB signaling cascade, whereas promotes lung cancer cell growth, metastasis, and chemo/radio-resistance by decreasing the expression of PTEN and PDCD4 and promoting the PI3K/AKT transduction. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the potential mechanisms of miR-21 associated lung diseases, with an emphasis on its dual regulating effects, which will trigger novel paradigms in molecular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yapeng Hou
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Nepali K, Liou JP. Recent developments in epigenetic cancer therapeutics: clinical advancement and emerging trends. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:27. [PMID: 33840388 PMCID: PMC8040241 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic drug discovery field has evidenced significant advancement in the recent times. A plethora of small molecule inhibitors have progressed to clinical stage investigations and are being explored exhaustively to ascertain conclusive benefits in diverse malignancies. Literature precedents indicates that substantial amount of efforts were directed towards the use of epigenetic tools in monotherapy as well as in combination regimens at the clinical level, however, the preclinical/preliminary explorations were inclined towards the identification of prudent approaches that can leverage the anticancer potential of small molecule epigenetic inhibitors as single agents only. This review article presents an update of FDA approved epigenetic drugs along with the epigenetic inhibitors undergoing clinical stage investigations in different cancer types. A detailed discussion of the pragmatic strategies that are expected to steer the progress of the epigenetic therapy through the implementation of emerging approaches such as PROTACS and CRISPR/Cas9 along with logical ways for scaffold fabrication to selectively approach the enzyme isoforms in pursuit of garnering amplified antitumor effects has been covered. In addition, the compilation also presents the rational strategies for the construction of multi-targeting scaffold assemblages employing previously identified pharmacophores as potential alternatives to the combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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14
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Differential expression of microRNAs in the skin tissue of patients with severe papulopustular rosacea. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 101:210-213. [PMID: 33386184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Chen H, Fan Y, Jing H, Tang S, Huang Z, Liao M, Lin S, Zhong J, Zhou J. LncRNA Gm12840 mediates WISP1 to regulate ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal fibrosis by sponging miR-677-5p. Epigenomics 2020; 12:2205-2218. [PMID: 33351669 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to identify that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced late fibrosis of kidney and may constitute novel therapeutic strategies for acute kidney injury-induced chronic kidney disease. Materials & methods: We performed the mouse model of IR later induced renal fibrosis and analyzed lncRNA profiles using second-generation sequencing during the pathogenesis. Results: The expression levels of 43 lncRNAs and 141 lncRNAs were respectively changed significantly 7 days and 2 weeks after IR treatment. Based on the correlation analysis of the differentially expressed genes, the interaction networks of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNA were structured. Conclusion: LncRNA (Gm12840) could act as a sponge for miR-677-5p to mediate fibroblast activation induced by TGF-β1 via the WISP1/PKB (Akt) signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 8 Huaying Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Youling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Panyu Central Hospital, 8 Fuyu West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, PR China
| | - Huan Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, PR China
| | - Simin Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 North Lingnan Avenue, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Meijuan Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 North Lingnan Avenue, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 North Lingnan Avenue, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Jiying Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 North Lingnan Avenue, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, PR China
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16
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Wang T, Cao L, He S, Long K, Wang X, Yu H, Ma B, Xu X, Li W. Small RNA sequencing reveals a novel tsRNA-06018 playing an important role during adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12736-12749. [PMID: 32939933 PMCID: PMC7686998 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a novel type of non-coding RNA derivative, are able to regulate a wide range of biological processes. What role these tsRNAs play in the regulation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) adipogenic differentiation remains uncertain. We induced the adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal cells (hMSCs) and then performed small RNA transcriptomic sequencing, leading us to identify tsRNA-06018 as a target of interest based upon resultant the tsRNA expression profiles. When tsRNA-06018 was knocked down, this led to the inhibition of adipogenesis and a decrease in adipogenic marker expression. When STC2 was overexpressed, this impaired the adipogenic differentiation of these cells. We further used luciferase reporter assays to confirm that tsRNA-06018 directly binds the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of STC2. In addition, we determined that both knocking down tsRNA-06018 and overexpressing STC2 increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation within cells. We also assessed that the adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs in which tsRNA-06018 was knocked down was further enhanced upon the addition of the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 as compared tsRNA-06018 knockdown alone. Taken together, using small RNA sequencing we profiled tsRNAs in hMSCs during the process of adipogenesis, leading us to identify tsRNA-06018 as a novel regulator of this differentiation process. This tsRNA was able to regulate adipogenic differentiation by targeting STC2 via the ERK1/2 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Lingling Cao
- Department of EndocrinologyJiujiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Shan He
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Kai Long
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Xinping Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Hui Yu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Baicheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Xiaoyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory of System Bio‐medicine of Jiangxi ProvinceJiujiang UniversityJiujiangChina
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17
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Sotomayor-Flores C, Rivera-Mejías P, Vásquez-Trincado C, López-Crisosto C, Morales PE, Pennanen C, Polakovicova I, Aliaga-Tobar V, García L, Roa JC, Rothermel BA, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Ho-Xuan H, Meister G, Chiong M, Ocaranza MP, Corvalán AH, Parra V, Lavandero S. Angiotensin-(1-9) prevents cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by controlling mitochondrial dynamics via miR-129-3p/PKIA pathway. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2586-2604. [PMID: 32152556 PMCID: PMC7429871 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-(1-9) is a peptide from the noncanonical renin-angiotensin system with anti-hypertrophic effects in cardiomyocytes via an unknown mechanism. In the present study we aimed to elucidate it, basing us initially on previous work from our group and colleagues who proved a relationship between disturbances in mitochondrial morphology and calcium handling, associated with the setting of cardiac hypertrophy. Our first finding was that angiotensin-(1-9) can induce mitochondrial fusion through DRP1 phosphorylation. Secondly, angiotensin-(1-9) blocked mitochondrial fission and intracellular calcium dysregulation in a model of norepinephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, preventing the activation of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. To further investigate angiotensin-(1-9) anti-hypertrophic mechanism, we performed RNA-seq studies, identifying the upregulation of miR-129 under angiotensin-(1-9) treatment. miR-129 decreased the transcript levels of the protein kinase A inhibitor (PKIA), resulting in the activation of the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway. Finally, we showed that PKA activity is necessary for the effects of angiotensin-(1-9) over mitochondrial dynamics, calcium handling and its anti-hypertrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Sotomayor-Flores
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Pablo Rivera-Mejías
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Vásquez-Trincado
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila López-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Pennanen
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iva Polakovicova
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Aliaga-Tobar
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena García
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Departamento de Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hung Ho-Xuan
- Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gunter Meister
- Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Ocaranza
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDH), Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro H Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Corporación Centro de Estudios Científicos de las Enfermedades Crónicas (CECEC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Parra
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Autophagy Research Center, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Network for the Study of High-Lethality Cardiopulmonary Diseases (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Corporación Centro de Estudios Científicos de las Enfermedades Crónicas (CECEC), Santiago, Chile.
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18
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Wang T, Mei J, Li X, Xu X, Ma B, Li W. A novel tsRNA-16902 regulating the adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:365. [PMID: 32831139 PMCID: PMC7444066 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a recently discovered form of non-coding RNA capable of regulating myriad physiological processes. The role of tsRNAs in hMSC adipogenic differentiation, however, remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to identify the novel tsRNA-16902 as a regulator of hMSC adipogenic differentiation. METHODS In this study, we conducted transcriptomic sequencing of hMSCs after inducing their adipogenic differentiation, and we were thereby able to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying the role of tsRNA-16902 in this context via a series of molecular biology methods. RESULTS When we knocked down tsRNA-16902 expression, this impaired hMSC adipogenic differentiation and associated marker gene expression. Bioinformatics analyses further revealed tsRNA-16902 to target retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ). Luciferase reporter assays also confirmed the ability of tsRNA-16902 to bind to the RARγ 3'-untranslated region. Consistent with this, RARγ overexpression led to impaired hMSC adipogenesis. Further analyses revealed that Smad2/3 phosphorylation was increased in cells that either overexpressed RARγ or in which tsRNA-16902 had been knocked down. We also assessed the adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs in which tsRNA-16902 was knocked down and at the same time a Smad2/3 inhibitor was added to disrupt Smad2/3 phosphorylation. The adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs in which tsRNA-16902 was knocked down was further enhanced upon the addition of a Smad2/3 signaling inhibitor relative to tsRNA-16902 knockdown alone. CONCLUSIONS Through a comprehensive profiling analysis of tsRNAs that were differentially expressed in the context of hMSC adipogenic differentiation, we were able to identify tsRNA-16902 as a previously uncharacterized regulator of adipogenesis. tsRNA-16902 is able to regulate hMSC adipogenic differentiation by targeting RARγ via the Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Together, our results may thus highlight novel strategies of value for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China.
| | - Jun Mei
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Xingnuan Li
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Baicheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China.
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China.
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19
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Li XF, Zhang SH, Liu GF, Yu SN. miR-363 Alleviates Detrusor Fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad Signaling Pathway by Targeting Col1a2 in Rat Models of STZ-Induced T2DM. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:1142-1153. [PMID: 33294298 PMCID: PMC7695978 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, their underlying role in the complication of detrusor fibrosis remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the potential functional relevance of miR-363 in detrusor fibrosis of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM through the predicted target gene collagen type I alpha 2 (Col1a2). Immunohistochemical analysis found an increase in the positive expression of collagen type III alpha 1 (Col3a1) and Col1a2 in detrusor tissues, where miR-363 expression was decreased. Next, gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to clarify the effects of miR-363 and Col1a2 on the activities of bladder detrusor cells. Of note, binding affinity between miR-363 and Col1a2 was verified by a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Upregulated miR-363 inhibited Col1a2 expression, which led to increased expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Smad7 and accelerated cell viability, along with decreases in cell apoptosis and Col3a1, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and Smad4 expressions. In conclusion, miR-363 upregulation reduces detrusor fibrosis in rats with STZ-induced T2DM through suppression of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway by targeting Col1a2. Therefore, our study provided further insights for the development of new therapeutic targets for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Hua Zhang
- Operation Room, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Nan Yu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
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20
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Non-Coding RNAs: Regulating Disease Progression and Therapy Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051243. [PMID: 32429062 PMCID: PMC7281199 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the primary liver cancer arising from hepatocytes, is a universal health problem and one of the most common malignant tumors. Surgery followed by chemotherapy as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as sorafenib, are primary treatment procedures for HCC, but recurrence of disease because of therapy resistance results in high mortality. It is necessary to identify novel regulators of HCC for developing effective targeted therapies that can significantly interfere with progression of the disease process. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an abundant group of versatile RNA transcripts that do not translate into proteins, rather serve as potentially functional RNAs. The role of ncRNAs in regulating diverse aspects of the carcinogenesis process are gradually being elucidated. Recent advances in RNA sequencing technology have identified a plethora of ncRNAs regulating all aspects of hepatocarcinogenesis process and serving as potential prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers. The present review provides a comprehensive description of the biological roles of ncRNAs in disease process and therapy resistance, and potential clinical application of these ncRNAs in HCC.
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21
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Matyunina LV, Akbar A, McDonald JF. The ability of miRNAs to induce mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in cancer cells is highly dependent upon genetic background. Cancer Lett 2020; 480:15-23. [PMID: 32234315 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the molecular basis of host cell-miRNA interactions is prerequisite to the successful application of miRNAs as potential therapeutic agents. We studied the morphological and molecular consequences of over expression of three sequence divergent miRNAs previously implicated in the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition process (MET) in three distinct mesenchymal-like cancer cell lines. The ability of miRNAs to induce morphological changes characteristic of MET positively correlated with induced changes in the expression of genes previously implicated in the process. Variability in the responses of different mesenchymal-like cells to over expression of the same miRNAs was attributable to inherent differences in trans-regulatory profiles pre-disposing these cells to miRNA-induced MET. Collectively our results indicate that miRNA-mediated regulation of MET is a highly integrated process that is significantly modulated by the molecular background of individual cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Yuehua Wang
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Lilya V Matyunina
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Amber Akbar
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - John F McDonald
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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22
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Yang X, Li X, Lin Q, Xu Q. Up-regulation of microRNA-203 inhibits myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress in mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy through the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via PIK3CA. Gene 2019; 715:143995. [PMID: 31336140 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.143995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) refers to the myocardial dysfunction in the absence of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Recently, the role of microRNAs (miRs) in gene expression regulation has attracted much more attention. Studies have shown that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the growth, metabolism and apoptosis of myocardial cells. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the regulatory role of miR-203 in myocardial fibrosis in mice with DCM via involvement of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Firstly, mouse model of diabetes mellitus (DM) was established and injected with agomir, antagomir or IGF-1 (PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activator) for investigating the role of miR-203 in PIK3CA and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. PIK3CA was identified as a target gene of miR-203, and overexpressed miR-203 inhibited the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The obtained results indicated that up-regulation of miR-203 reduced myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial apoptosis, and levels of PIK3CA, PI3K, Akt, CoI I, CoI III, ANP, MDA and ROS in the myocardial tissues, by which DM-induced cardiac dysfunction and pathological changes could be ameliorated. Collectively, our present study highlighted that overexpression of miR-203 may function as a cardioprotective regulator in DCM by targeting PIK3CA via inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China.
| | - Xiaoshan Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangzhou YueXiu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510030, PR China
| | - Qiongyan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Quanfu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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23
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Zhang QY, Men CJ, Ding XW. Upregulation of microRNA-140-3p inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through inactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting GRN. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14885-14898. [PMID: 31044454 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in poor prognosis. Human intervention in these pathological processes may benefit the treatment of HCC. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the mechanism of miR-140-3p affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis in HCC. Microarray analysis was performed for differentially expressed genes screening. The target relationship between miR-140-3p and GRN was analyzed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) against granulin (GRN) was synthesized. EMT markers were detected, and invasion and migration were evaluated in HCC cells introduced with a miR-140-3p inhibitor or mimic, or siRNA against GRN. A mechanistic investigation was conducted for the determination of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related genes and EMT markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin). GRN was highlighted as an upregulated gene in HCC. GRN was a target gene of miR-140-3p. Elevation of miR-140-3p or inhibition of GRN restrained the EMT process and suppressed the HCC cell migration and invasion. HCC cells treated with the miR-140-3p mimic or siRNA-GRN exhibited decreased GRN expression and downregulated the expressions of the MAPK signaling pathway-related genes, N-cadherin, and Vimentin but upregulated the expression of E-cadherin. GRN silencing can reverse the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and induction of EMT mediated by miR-140-3p inhibition. Taken together, the results show that miR-140-3p confers suppression of the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting GRN, thus inhibiting EMT, invasion, and metastasis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Chang-Jun Men
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xue-Wei Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
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24
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Otabe T, Nagano K, Kawai G, Murata A, Nakatani K. Inhibition of pre-miRNA-136 processing by Dicer with small molecule BzDANP suggested the formation of ternary complex of pre-miR-136–BzDANP–Dicer. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2140-2148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Saad MA, Ku J, Kuo SZ, Li PX, Zheng H, Yu MA, Wang-Rodriguez J, Ongkeko WM. Identification and characterization of dysregulated P-element induced wimpy testis-interacting RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2615-2622. [PMID: 30854037 PMCID: PMC6365962 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is clear that alcohol consumption is a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); however, the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated HNSCC remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and PIWI proteins dysregulated in alcohol-associated HNSCC to elucidate their function in the development of this cancer. Using next generation RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data obtained from 40 HNSCC patients, the piRNA and PIWI protein expression of HNSCC samples was compared between alcohol drinkers and non-drinkers. A separate piRNA expression RNA-seq analysis of 18 non-smoker HNSCC patients was also conducted. To verify piRNA expression, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed on the most differentially expressed alcohol-associated piRNAs in ethanol and acetaldehyde-treated normal oral keratinocytes. The correlation between piRNA expression and patient survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimators and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. A comparison between alcohol drinking and non-drinking HNSCC patients demonstrated that a panel of 3,223 piRNA transcripts were consistently detected and differentially expressed. RNA-seq analysis and in vitro RT-qPCR verification revealed that 4 of these piRNAs, piR-35373, piR-266308, piR-58510 and piR-38034, were significantly dysregulated between drinking and non-drinking cohorts. Of these four piRNAs, low expression of piR-58510 and piR-35373 significantly correlated with improved patient survival. Furthermore, human PIWI-like protein 4 was consistently upregulated in ethanol and acetaldehyde-treated normal oral keratinocytes. These results demonstrate that alcohol consumption may cause dysregulation of piRNA expression in HNSCC and in vitro verifications identified 4 piRNAs that may be involved in the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarouf A Saad
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jonjei Ku
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Selena Z Kuo
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Pin Xue Li
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hao Zheng
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael Andrew Yu
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jessica Wang-Rodriguez
- Veterans Administration Medical Center and Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Weg M Ongkeko
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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26
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Wong WKM, Sørensen AE, Joglekar MV, Hardikar AA, Dalgaard LT. Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:E41. [PMID: 30551650 PMCID: PMC6315983 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of different classes of non-coding RNAs for islet and β-cell development, maturation and function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a prominent class of small RNAs, have been investigated for more than two decades and patterns of the roles of different miRNAs in pancreatic fetal development, islet and β-cell maturation and function are now emerging. Specific miRNAs are dynamically regulated throughout the period of pancreas development, during islet and β-cell differentiation as well as in the perinatal period, where a burst of β-cell replication takes place. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in islet and β-cells is less investigated than for miRNAs, but knowledge is increasing rapidly. The advent of ultra-deep RNA sequencing has enabled the identification of highly islet- or β-cell-selective lncRNA transcripts expressed at low levels. Their roles in islet cells are currently only characterized for a few of these lncRNAs, and these are often associated with β-cell super-enhancers and regulate neighboring gene activity. Moreover, ncRNAs present in imprinted regions are involved in pancreas development and β-cell function. Altogether, these observations support significant and important actions of ncRNAs in β-cell development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson K M Wong
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Anja E Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Anand A Hardikar
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Louise T Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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27
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Liu S, Chen Y, Ren Y, Zhou J, Ren J, Lee I, Bao X. A tRNA-derived RNA Fragment Plays an Important Role in the Mechanism of Arsenite -induced Cellular Responses. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16838. [PMID: 30442959 PMCID: PMC6237853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to environmental heavy metals is a worldwide health concern. It is acknowledged to be an important cause of lower respiratory tract damage in children. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the heavy metal-induced cellular stress/toxicity are not completely understood. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNA) and more recently identified tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs), are critical to the posttranscriptional control of genes. We used deep sequencing to investigate whether cellular sncRNA profiles are changed by environmental heavy metals. We found that the treatment of arsenite, an important groundwater heavy metal, leads to abundant production of tRFs, that are ~30 nucleotides (nts) long and most of which correspond to the 5'-end of mature tRNAs. It is unlikely for these tRFs to be random degradation by-products, as the type of induced tRFs is heavy metal-dependent. Three most inducible tRFs and their roles in arsenite-induced cellular responses were then investigated. We identified that p65, an important transcription factor belonging to NF-κB family and also a key factor controlling inflammatory gene expression, is a regulated target of a tRF derived from 5'-end of mature tRNA encoding AlaCGC (tRF5-AlaCGC). tRF5-AlaCGC activates p65, subsequently leading to enhanced secretion of IL-8 in arsenite response. In this study, we also identified that endonuclease Dicer and angiogenin temporally control the induction of tRF5-AlaCGC, providing an insight into the control of tRF biogenesis and subsequently the prevention of cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, TongJi Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, TongJi Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yuping Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, TongJi Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jiehua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Junping Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyong Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Sealy Center for Environmental Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Institute for Human Infections & Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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28
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Liu JK, Liu HF, Ding Y, Gao GD. Predictive value of microRNA let-7a expression for efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12847. [PMID: 30383637 PMCID: PMC6221706 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a well-known cancer with high mortality, lung cancer has been implied to be closely associated with brain metastasis. Despite notable advances, effective treatment methods are still in urgent need. This study aims to investigate the value of serum microRNA-let-7a (miR-let-7a) expression in predicting efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis. METHODS To begin with, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed for better understand of the correlation between miR-let-7a and lung cancer. Afterwards, the relationship between serum miR-let-7a expression and radiotherapy efficacy was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Following successful transfection, RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were utilized for evaluating the involvement of miR-let-7a in regulation of DICER1 expression in lung cancer cell line. Then, whether miR-let-7a was implicated in proliferation and cell cycle distribution of lung cancer cells were confirmed by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry respectively. RESULTS Initially, it was revealed that serum miR-let-7a expression was decreased in lung cancer. Later, we found that decreased miR-let-7a displayed an unfavorable role in radiotherapy efficacy and overall survival rate of patients with lung cancer brain metastasis. After the successful transfection, the inverse relationship between miR-let-7a and DICER1 expression was uncovered. Meanwhile, biological behaviors of lung cancer cells were presented to be limited after transfection of overexpressed miR-let-7a. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that the lower expression of miR-let-7a in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis was closely related to unfavorable efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy, and it may be an important predictive biomarker by regulation of DICER1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining
| | - Hong-Feng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining
| | - Yong Ding
- Department of Surgery, Weishan People's Hospital, Weishan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Dong Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining
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29
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Leng Q, Wang Y, Jiang F. A Direct Plasma miRNA Assay for Early Detection and Histological Classification of Lung Cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:883-889. [PMID: 29783093 PMCID: PMC6041566 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-free microRNAs in plasma provide circulating biomarkers for lung cancer. Most techniques for analysis of miRNAs require a large plasma volume to purify a sufficient RNA yield followed by complicated downstream processing. Small differences in the multiple procedures often cause large analytical variations and poor diagnostic values of the plasma biomarkers. Here we investigate whether directly quantifying plasma miRNAs without RNA purification could diagnose lung cancer. FirePlex assay was directly applied to 20 μl plasma of 56 lung cancer patients and 28 cancer free controls for quantifying 11 lung tumor–associated miRNAs. FirePlex assay is easier, less expensive and time-consuming for quantification of plasma miRNAs compared with conventional reverse transcription PCR with an equivalent analytic performance. From the lung tumor–associated miRNAs, a prediction model based on two miRNAs (miRs-205-5p and -210-3p) was developed, producing 78.6% sensitivity and 89.3% specificity for identifying lung cancer. The diagnostic value was independent of stage of lung tumor, and patients’ age and sex (all P > 0.05). Furthermore, based on the same two miRNAs, additional prediction models were developed with 75.0% sensitivity and 89.3% specificity for diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma, and 82.2% sensitivity and 89.3% specificity for lung adenocarcinoma. The direct plasma assay can improve the efficacy of miRNA assessment in a small plasma volume by reducing multiple procedure-associated analytical variables. The developed plasma miRNA biomarkers might be useful for the early detection and histological classification of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Leng
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Customer Value Partners, Towson, MD 21286, USA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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30
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Hollis AR, Starkey MP. MicroRNAs in equine veterinary science. Equine Vet J 2018; 50:721-726. [PMID: 29672919 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that play a pivotal role in diverse cellular processes through post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The dysregulation of specific microRNAs is associated with disease development and progression. In this review, we summarise how microRNAs modulate gene expression, and explain microRNA nomenclature. We discuss the potential applications of microRNAs in equine disease diagnosis and treatment, in the context of the sum of current knowledge about microRNA expression in normal and diseased equine tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Hollis
- Animal Health Trust, Kentford, Suffolk, UK
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31
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Davanian H, Balasiddaiah A, Heymann R, Sundström M, Redenström P, Silfverberg M, Brodin D, Sällberg M, Lindskog S, Kruger Weiner C, Chen M. Ameloblastoma RNA profiling uncovers a distinct non-coding RNA signature. Oncotarget 2018; 8:4530-4542. [PMID: 27965463 PMCID: PMC5354851 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ameloblastoma of the jaws remains the top difficult to treat odontogenic tumour and has a high recurrence rate. New evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in tumourgenesis and prognosis of cancer. However, ameloblastoma ncRNA expression data is lacking. Here we present the first report of ameloblastoma ncRNA signatures. A total of 95 ameloblastoma cases and a global array transcriptome technology covering > 285.000 full-length transcripts were used in this two-step analysis. The analysis first identified in a test cohort 31 upregulated ameloblastoma-associated ncRNAs accompanied by signalling pathways of cancer, spliceosome, mRNA surveillance and Wnt. Further validation in an independent cohort points out the long non-coding (lncRNAs) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNAs): LINC340, SNORD116-25, SNORA11, SNORA21, SNORA47 and SNORA65 as a distinct ncRNA signature of ameloblastoma. Importantly, the presence of these ncRNAs was independent of BRAF-V600E and SMO-L412F mutations, histology type or tumour location, but was positively correlated with the tumour size. Taken together, this study shows a systematic investigation of ncRNA expression of ameloblastoma, and illuminates new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for this invasive odontogenic tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Davanian
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anangi Balasiddaiah
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Robert Heymann
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,The Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sundström
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Molecular Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Poppy Redenström
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - David Brodin
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Bioinformatics and Expression Analysis SciLifeLab, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Matti Sällberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sven Lindskog
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Carina Kruger Weiner
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,The Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Margaret Chen
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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32
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Tziotzios C, Ainali C, Holmes S, Cunningham F, Lwin SM, Palamaras I, Bhargava K, Rymer J, Stefanato CM, Kirkpatrick N, Vano-Galvan S, Petridis C, Fenton DA, Simpson MA, Onoufriadis A, McGrath JA. Tissue and Circulating MicroRNA Co-expression Analysis Shows Potential Involvement of miRNAs in the Pathobiology of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2440-2443. [PMID: 28774594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tziotzios
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chrysanthi Ainali
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Holmes
- Alan Lyell Centre for Dermatology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fiona Cunningham
- Alan Lyell Centre for Dermatology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Su M Lwin
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ioulios Palamaras
- Department of Dermatology, Barnet General Hospital, Royal Free Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kapil Bhargava
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Janice Rymer
- King's College London School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine M Stefanato
- Department of Dermatopathology, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | - Christos Petridis
- Department of Genetics, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - David A Fenton
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Department of Genetics, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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33
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Ju L, Han M, Li X, Zhao C. MicroRNA Signature of Lung Adenocarcinoma with EGFR Exon 19 Deletion. J Cancer 2017; 8:1311-1318. [PMID: 28607607 PMCID: PMC5463447 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The findings of EGFR mutations and the development of targeted therapies have significantly improved the overall survival of lung cancer patients. Still, the prognosis remains poor, so we need to know more about the genetic alterations in lung cancer. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in lung cancer, and some of them can regulate EGFR. So it is very important to predict the candidate microRNAs that target mutated EGFR and to investigate the role of these candidate microRNAs in lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the difference of microRNAs expression between lung adenocarcinoma cell lines with EGFR exon 19 deletion (H1650 and PC9) and wild-type (H1299 and A549) using the Phalanx Human Whole Genome Microarray. Then the expression of individual microRNAs was validated by qRT-PCR assays. Moreover, we detected the microRNAs expression in plasma of lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion and wild-type. Lastly, we explored the function of the positive microRNA in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs ) resistance using MTT and Annexin V-APC assays. The expression of 1,732 microRNAs was evaluated, and we found that microRNAs expression was different between these two groups. Hsa-miR-141-3p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-203, hsa-miR-3182, hsa-miR-934 were up-regulated and hsa-miR-3196 was down-regulated in the EGFR exon 19 deletion group compared with wild-type group. The detection of circulating microRNAs showed that miR-3196 was down-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion compared with wild-type. And then the MTT assay results showed that miR-3196 had no effect on the sensitivity of erlotinib. The results of apoptosis analysis showed that inhibition of miR-3196 and erlotinib induced more apoptosis in H1299 cells than erlotinib alone, and overexpressed miR-3196 and erlotinib induced less apoptosis in PC9 cells than erlotinib alone (P<0.05). It is suggested that microRNAs associate with EGFR exon 19 deletion and miR-3196 may be further explored as a potential predictor and targeted biomarker when it is difficult to get the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Ju
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingquan Han
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Li J, Zhai XW, Wang HS, Qian XW, Miao H, Zhu XH. Circulating MicroRNA-21, MicroRNA-23a, and MicroRNA-125b as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Burkitt Lymphoma in Children. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:4992-5002. [PMID: 27991481 PMCID: PMC5198749 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNA (miRNA)-21, miRNA-23a, and miRNA-125b in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in children. Material/Methods We recruited 41 children with BL for the case group, 56 children with lymph node inflammation for the positive control group, and 60 healthy children for the negative control group. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted for detection of circulating miRNA-21, miRNA-23a, and miRNA-125b. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to compare the diagnostic value of miRNA-21, miRNA-23a, and miRNA-125b. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for prognostic analyses. Results MiRNA-21 and miRNA-23a had significantly higher expression in cases than in positive and negative controls (all P<0.05). Overexpression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a were associated with staging, WBC, upregulated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, presence of lymphoma size ≥6 cm, and cluster of differentiation 10 (CD10) expression, while miRNA-125b expression had an association with staging and upregulated serum LDH level (both P<0.05). ROC curves of miRNA-21, miRNA-23a, and miRNA-125b presented an area under curve (AUC) of 0.759, 0.853 and 0.615, respectively. MiRNA-21 and miRNA-23a in combination had an AUC of 0.869. After treatment, both miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a expression were significantly decreased (both P<0.05). Advanced clinical stage, upregulated LDH, and lymphoma size of ≥6 cm were related to low complete remission rate (all P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with high expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a had significantly lower complete remission rates and survival rates than those with low expression. Expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a may serve as useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in children with BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Wen Qian
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Hui Miao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Chung IF, Chang SJ, Chen CY, Liu SH, Li CY, Chan CH, Shih CC, Cheng WC. YM500v3: a database for small RNA sequencing in human cancer research. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 45:D925-D931. [PMID: 27899625 PMCID: PMC5210564 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously presented the YM500 database, which contains >8000 small RNA sequencing (smRNA-seq) data sets and integrated analysis results for various cancer miRNome studies. In the updated YM500v3 database (http://ngs.ym.edu.tw/ym500/) presented herein, we not only focus on miRNAs but also on other functional small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), such as PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). There is growing knowledge of the role of sncRNAs in gene regulation and tumorigenesis. We have also incorporated >10 000 cancer-related RNA-seq and >3000 more smRNA-seq data sets into the YM500v3 database. Furthermore, there are two main new sections, ‘Survival' and ‘Cancer', in this updated version. The ‘Survival’ section provides the survival analysis results in all cancer types or in a user-defined group of samples for a specific sncRNA. The ‘Cancer’ section provides the results of differential expression analyses, miRNA–gene interactions and cancer miRNA-related pathways. In the ‘Expression’ section, sncRNA expression profiles across cancer and sample types are newly provided. Cancer-related sncRNAs hold potential for both biotech applications and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Fang Chung
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jyh Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yang Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center for Tumour Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Department of Genome Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chi Shih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center for Tumour Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
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Profiling of the Predicted Circular RNAs in Ductal In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study. Int J Genomics 2016; 2016:4503840. [PMID: 27965971 PMCID: PMC5124670 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4503840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent advantage obtained by next generation sequencing allows a depth investigation of a new “old” kind of noncoding transcript, the circular RNAs. Circular RNAs are nontranslated RNAs, typically nonpolyadenylated, with a resistance to exonucleases that gives them the ability to be more stable than the common linear RNA isoforms. We used a bioinformatic detection tool (CIRCexplorer) to research predictive circRNAs from the next generation sequenced data of five samples of ductal in situ carcinoma (DCIS) and matched adjacent invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Furthermore, we also investigated the circular RNAs expressed in MCF7, an invasive breast ductal carcinoma cell line. We described the genomic context of the predicted circular RNAs and we address the hypothetical possible functional roles. This study showed a perspective of a panel of predictive circRNAs identified and the function that circRNAs could exert.
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Tziotzios C, Stefanato CM, Fenton DA, Simpson MA, McGrath JA. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: reflections and hypotheses on aetiology and pathogenesis. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:847-852. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tziotzios
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; King's College London (Guy's Campus); London UK
| | | | - David A. Fenton
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; King's College London (Guy's Campus); London UK
| | - Michael A. Simpson
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; King's College London; Guy's Hospital; London UK
| | - John A. McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; King's College London (Guy's Campus); London UK
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38
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Ma P, Wang H, Han L, Jing W, Zhou X, Liu Z. Up-regulation of small nucleolar RNA 78 is correlated with aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5366-6. [PMID: 27770311 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) as a novel molecular species may have significant and comprehensive influences on the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We recently characterized snoRNA transcriptome signatures in HCC tissues by small RNA sequencing and found that small nucleolar RNA 78 (SNORD78) was associated with HCC. However, little is known about the pathological role of SNORD78 in HCC patients. This study aimed to profile SNORD78 expression signature and then to explore the pathogenesis of SNORD78 in HCC. The real-time PCR results showed that SNORD78 was greatly upregulated in HCC tissues than adjacent noncancerous tissues (p = 0.004). Correlation analysis showed that high-level expression of SNORD78 was notably associated with tumor number (single vs. multiply, p = 0.02), stage (I∼II vs. III∼IV, p = 0.014), and distant metastasis (absent vs. present, p = 0.01) in HCC patients. Univatiate and multivariate analyses showed that SNORD78 was a significant prognostic predictor for overall survival and recurrence-free survival of HCC patients (hazard ratio = 1.375, 95 % CI = 1.125-1.680, p = 0.002; hazard ratio = 1.418, 95 % CI = 1.201-1.675, p < 0.001). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high-level expression of SNORD78 was associated with short overall survival and recurrence-free survival of HCC patients (p = 0.023, 0.014). Functionally, knockdown of SNORD78 significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion of SK-Hep-1 via inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In conclusion, SNORD78 may be associated with aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ma
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Han
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhisu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Murata A, Otabe T, Zhang J, Nakatani K. BzDANP, a Small-Molecule Modulator of Pre-miR-29a Maturation by Dicer. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:2790-2796. [PMID: 27536863 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We here report the synthesis of novel molecule BzDANP having a three-ring benzo[c][1,8]naphthyridine system, the evaluation of its binding properties to a single nucleotide bulge in RNA duplexes, and BzDANP-induced suppression of pre-miR-29a processing by Dicer. BzDANP showed much increased affinity to the bulged RNAs as compared with the parent molecule DANP, which possesses the same hydrogen-bonding surface as BzDANP but in a two-ring [1,8]naphthyridine system. Melting temperature analysis of bulged RNAs showed that BzDANP most effectively stabilized the C-bulged RNA. Dicer-mediated processing of pre-miR-29a was suppressed by BzDANP in a concentration dependent manner. The presence of the C-bulge at the Dicer cleavage site was effective for the suppression of pre-miR-29a processing by BzDANP. These results demonstrated that the small molecule binding to the bulged site in the vicinity of the Dicer cleavage site could be a potential modulator for the maturation of pre-miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asako Murata
- Department of Regulatory
Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takahiro Otabe
- Department of Regulatory
Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Regulatory
Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakatani
- Department of Regulatory
Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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Ni H, Wang X, Liu H, Tian F, Song G. Low expression of miRNA-224 predicts poor clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP. Biomarkers 2016; 20:253-7. [PMID: 26301883 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1068855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and prognostic value of miR-224 expression in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who underwent R-CHOP. MATERIALS AND METHODS RT-PCR was used to determine the relative expression of miR-224, in 258 DLBCL patients and 40 normal lymphoid tissue specimens. RESULTS MiR-224 expression in DLBCL patients was significantly down-regulated compared to that in negative controls (p < 0.05). The 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were significantly higher in the high-expression level group compared to the low-expression level group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MiR-224 expression level is implicated as a prognostic marker for DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Ni
- a Department of Hematology , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , Nantong , Jiangsu , P.R. China and
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41
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Clauss S, Sinner MF, Kääb S, Wakili R. The Role of MicroRNAs in Antiarrhythmic Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2015; 4:146-55. [PMID: 26835117 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2015.4.3.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide and has an enormous impact on our healthcare system as it is a major contributor of morbidity and mortality. Although there are several therapeutic options available, treatment of AF still remains challenging. AF pathophysiology is complex and still incompletely understood. In general, our understanding of AF is based on two mechanistic paradigms as functional hallmarks of AF: ectopic activity and reentry. Both ectopic activity and reentry are the result of remodelling processes. Functional and/or expressional changes in ion channels, connexins or calcium-handling proteins are important factors in electrical remodelling, whereas signalling processes leading to atrial dilatation and atrial fibrosis are key factors of structural remodelling. In recent years, new intriguing key players in AF pathophysiology have been identified: microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are short, non-coding RNA fragments that can regulate gene expression and have been demonstrated as important modifiers in signalling cascades leading to electrical and structural remodelling. In this article we review the miRNA-mediated molecular mechanisms underlying AF with special emphasis on the perspective of miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for AF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Clauss
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US; University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich
| | - Stefan Kääb
- University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Reza Wakili
- University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Germany
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42
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Fierro-Fernández M, Busnadiego Ó, Sandoval P, Espinosa-Díez C, Blanco-Ruiz E, Rodríguez M, Pian H, Ramos R, López-Cabrera M, García-Bermejo ML, Lamas S. miR-9-5p suppresses pro-fibrogenic transformation of fibroblasts and prevents organ fibrosis by targeting NOX4 and TGFBR2. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:1358-77. [PMID: 26315535 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201540750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled extracellular matrix (ECM) production by fibroblasts in response to injury contributes to fibrotic diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulates the production of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-dependent ROS, promoting lung fibrosis (LF). Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been shown to contribute to LF. To identify miRNAs involved in redox regulation relevant for IPF, we performed arrays in human lung fibroblasts exposed to ROS. miR-9-5p was selected as the best candidate and we demonstrate its inhibitory effect on TGF-β receptor type II (TGFBR2) and NOX4 expression. Increased expression of miR-9-5p abrogates TGF-β1-dependent myofibroblast phenotypic transformation. In the mouse model of bleomycin-induced LF, miR-9-5p dramatically reduces fibrogenesis and inhibition of miR-9-5p and prevents its anti-fibrotic effect both in vitro and in vivo. In lung specimens from patients with IPF, high levels of miR-9-5p are found. In omentum-derived mesothelial cells (MCs) from patients subjected to peritoneal dialysis (PD), miR-9-5p also inhibits mesothelial to myofibroblast transformation. We propose that TGF-β1 induces miR-9-5p expression as a self-limiting homeostatic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fierro-Fernández
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Busnadiego
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Sandoval
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Espinosa-Díez
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Blanco-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena Rodríguez
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario "Ramón y Cajal", IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Pian
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario "Ramón y Cajal", IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ramos
- Genomic Facility, Parque Científico de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Lamas
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Hajarnis SS, Patel V, Aboudehen K, Attanasio M, Cobo-Stark P, Pontoglio M, Igarashi P. Transcription Factor Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1β (HNF-1β) Regulates MicroRNA-200 Expression through a Long Noncoding RNA. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:24793-805. [PMID: 26292219 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.670646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β (HNF-1β) regulates tissue-specific gene expression in the kidney and other epithelial organs. Mutations of HNF-1β produce kidney cysts, and previous studies have shown that HNF-1β regulates the transcription of cystic disease genes, including Pkd2 and Pkhd1. Here, we combined chromatin immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) with microarray analysis to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that are directly regulated by HNF-1β in renal epithelial cells. These studies identified members of the epithelial-specific miR-200 family (miR-200b/200a/429) as novel transcriptional targets of HNF-1β. HNF-1β binds to two evolutionarily conserved sites located 28 kb upstream to miR-200b. Luciferase reporter assays showed that the HNF-1β binding sites were located within a promoter that was active in renal epithelial cells. Mutations of the HNF-1β binding sites abolished promoter activity. RT-PCR analysis revealed that a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is transcribed from the promoter and encodes the miR-200 cluster. Inhibition of the lncRNA with siRNAs decreased the levels of miR-200 but did not affect expression of the Ttll10 host gene. The expression of the lncRNA and miR-200 was decreased in kidneys from HNF-1β knock-out mice and renal epithelial cells expressing dominant-negative mutant HNF-1β. The expression of miR-200 targets, Zeb2 and Pkd1, was increased in HNF-1β knock-out kidneys and in cells expressing mutant HNF-1β. Overexpression of miR-200 decreased the expression of Zeb2 and Pkd1 in HNF-1β mutant cells. These studies reveal a novel pathway whereby HNF-1β directly contributes to the control of miRNAs that are involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Pontoglio
- Départment de Génétique et Développement, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris-Descartes. Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Peter Igarashi
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390 and
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Meng WJ, Yang L, Ma Q, Zhang H, Adell G, Arbman G, Wang ZQ, Li Y, Zhou ZG, Sun XF. MicroRNA Expression Profile Reveals miR-17-92 and miR-143-145 Cluster in Synchronous Colorectal Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1297. [PMID: 26266366 PMCID: PMC4616700 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of abnormal microRNA (miRNA, miR) is a ubiquitous feature of colorectal cancer (CRC). The pathological features and clinical behaviors of synchronous CRC have been comprehensively described; however, the expression profile of miRNA and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) in synchronous CRC has not been elucidated. In the present study, the expression profile of miRNA and snoRNA in 5 synchronous CRCs, along with the matched normal colorectal tissue was evaluated by microarray. Function and pathway analyses of putative targets, predicted from miRNA-mRNA interaction, were performed. Moreover, we analyzed clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of 22 patients with synchronous CRC and 579 solitary CRCs in a retrospective cohort study. We found a global dysregulation of miRNAs, including an oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster and oncosuppressive miR-143-145 cluster, and snoRNAs in synchronous CRC. Differential miRNA rather than snoRNA expression was robust enough to distinguish synchronous cancer from normal mucosa. Function analysis of putative targets suggested that miRNA clusters may modulate multiple effectors of oncogenic pathways involved in the pathogenesis of synchronous CRC. A comparison of normal mucosa between synchronous and solitary CRC suggested a differential genetic background of synchronous CRC from solitary CRC during carcinogenesis. Compared with solitary cancer patients, synchronous cases exhibited multiple extra-colonic cancers (P = 0.012), coexistence of adenoma (P = 0.012), microsatellite instability (P = 0.024), and less glucose transporter 1 (P = 0.037). Aberrant miRNA expression profiles could potentially be used as a diagnostic tool for synchronous CRC. Our findings represent the first comprehensive miRNA and snoRNA expression signatures for synchronous CRC, implicating that the miRNAs and snoRNAs may present therapeutic targets for synchronous CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jian Meng
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (W-JM, LY, QM, Z-QW, Z-GZ); School of Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro (HZ); Department of Oncology, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping (GA); Department of Surgery, Vrinnevi Hospital, University of Linköping, Norrköping, Sweden (GA); Institute of Digestive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (YL, Z-GZ, X-FS); and Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (X-FS)
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van der Kolk JH, Pacholewska A, Gerber V. The role of microRNAs in equine medicine: a review. Vet Q 2015; 35:88-96. [PMID: 25695624 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2015.1021186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for new markers of diseases in human as well as veterinary medicine is ongoing. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have emerged as potential new biomarkers. MiRNAs are short sequences of RNA (∼22 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression via their target messenger RNA (mRNA). Circulating miRNAs in blood can be used as novel diagnostic markers for diseases due to their evolutionary conservation and stability. As a consequence of their systemic and manifold effects on the gene expression in various target organs, the concept that miRNAs could function as hormones has been suggested. This review summarizes the biogenesis, maturation, and stability of miRNAs and discusses their use as potential biomarkers in equine medicine. To date, over 700 equine miRNAs are identified with distinct subsets of miRNAs differentially expressed in a tissue-specific manner. A physiological involvement of various miRNAs in the regulation of cell survival, steroidogenesis, and differentiation during follicle selection and ovulation in the monovular equine ovary has been demonstrated. Furthermore, miRNAs might be used as novel diagnostic markers for myopathies such as polysaccharide storage myopathy and recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis as well as osteochondrosis. Preliminary data indicate that miRNAs in blood might play important roles in equine glucose metabolism pathway. Of note, breed differences have been reported regarding the normal equine miRNA signature. For disease prevention, it is of utmost importance to identify disease-associated biomarkers which help detect diseases before symptoms appear. As such, circulating miRNAs represent promising novel diagnostic markers in equine medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H van der Kolk
- a Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Swiss Institute for Equine Medicine (ISME) , University of Bern and Agroscope , Länggassstrasse 124, 3012 Bern , Switzerland
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Galasso M, Dama P, Previati M, Sandhu S, Palatini J, Coppola V, Warner S, Sana ME, Zanella R, Abujarour R, Desponts C, Teitell MA, Garzon R, Calin G, Croce CM, Volinia S. A large scale expression study associates uc.283-plus lncRNA with pluripotent stem cells and human glioma. Genome Med 2014; 6:76. [PMID: 25352916 PMCID: PMC4210590 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-014-0076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are 481 ultra-conserved regions (UCRs) longer than 200 bases in the genomes of human, mouse and rat. These DNA sequences are absolutely conserved and show 100% identity with no insertions or deletions. About half of these UCRs are reported as transcribed and many correspond to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). METHODS We used custom microarrays with 962 probes representing sense and antisense sequences for the 481 UCRs to examine their expression across 374 normal samples from 46 different tissues and 510 samples representing 10 different types of cancer. The expression in embryonic stem cells of selected UCRs was validated by real time PCR. RESULTS We identified tissue selective UCRs and studied UCRs in embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. Among the normal tissues, the uc.283 lncRNA was highly specific for pluripotent stem cells. Intriguingly, the uc.283-plus lncRNA was highly expressed in some solid cancers, particularly in one of the most untreatable types, glioma. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that uc.283-plus lncRNA might have a role in pluripotency of stem cells and in the biology of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Galasso
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, Ferrara, 44123 Italy
| | - Paola Dama
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, Ferrara, 44123 Italy
| | - Maurizio Previati
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, Ferrara, 44123 Italy
| | - Sukhinder Sandhu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, and Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Jeff Palatini
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, and Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Vincenzo Coppola
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, and Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Sarah Warner
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, and Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Maria E Sana
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, Ferrara, 44123 Italy
| | - Riccardo Zanella
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, Ferrara, 44123 Italy
| | - Ramzey Abujarour
- Fate Therapeutics, 3535 General Atomics Ct, San Diego, CA 92121 USA
| | - Caroline Desponts
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Michael A Teitell
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Ramiro Garzon
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, and Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - George Calin
- Experimental Therapeutics & Cancer Genetics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, and Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, Ferrara, 44123 Italy ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, and Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA ; Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Computed tomography (CT) plays a central role in lung cancer diagnosis. However, CT has relatively low specificity, presenting a challenge in clinical settings. We previously identified 12 microRNAs (miRNAs) whose expressions in tumor tissues were associated with lung cancer. METHODS Using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we aimed to identify miRNA biomarkers in sputum that could complement CT for diagnosis of lung cancer. RESULTS In a training set consisting of 66 lung cancer patients and 68 cancer-free smokers, 10 of the 12 miRNAs were differentially expressed between the cases and controls (p ≤ 0.01). From the miRNAs, a logistic regression model was built on the basis of miR-31 and miR-210, both of which had the best prediction for lung cancer, producing an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83. Combined use of the two miRNAs yielded 65.2% sensitivity and 89.7% specificity, CT had 93.9% sensitivity and 83.8% specificity for lung cancer diagnosis. Notably, combined analysis of the miRNA biomarkers and CT produced a higher specificity than does CT used alone (91.2% versus 83.8%; p < 0.05). The diagnostic performance of the biomarkers was confirmed in a testing set comprising 64 lung cancer patients and 73 cancer-free smokers. CONCLUSION The sputum miRNA biomarkers might be useful in improving CT for diagnosis of lung cancer, but further independent validation on an external and prospective cohort of patients is required.
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MicroRNAs expression profiles in cardiovascular diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:985408. [PMID: 25013816 PMCID: PMC4075084 DOI: 10.1155/2014/985408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current search for new markers of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is explained by the high morbidity and mortality still observed in developed and developing countries due to cardiovascular events. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have emerged as potential new biomarkers and are small sequences of RNAs that regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level by inhibiting translation or inducing degradation of the target mRNAs. Circulating miRNAs are involved in the regulation of signaling pathways associated to aging and can be used as novel diagnostic markers for acute and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular pathologies. This review summarizes the biogenesis, maturation, and stability of miRNAs and their use as potential biomarkers for coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF).
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Kentwell J, Gundara JS, Sidhu SB. Noncoding RNAs in endocrine malignancy. Oncologist 2014; 19:483-91. [PMID: 24718512 PMCID: PMC4012972 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Only recently has it been uncovered that the mammalian transcriptome includes a large number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a variety of important regulatory roles in gene expression and other biological processes. Among numerous kinds of ncRNAs, short noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs, have been extensively investigated with regard to their biogenesis, function, and importance in carcinogenesis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have only recently been implicated in playing a key regulatory role in cancer biology. The deregulation of ncRNAs has been demonstrated to have important roles in the regulation and progression of cancer development. In this review, we describe the roles of both short noncoding RNAs (including microRNAs, small nuclear RNAs, and piwi-interacting RNAs) and lncRNAs in carcinogenesis and outline the possible underlying genetic mechanisms, with particular emphasis on clinical applications. The focus of our review includes studies from the literature on ncRNAs in traditional endocrine-related cancers, including thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal gland, and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine malignancies. The current and potential future applications of ncRNAs in clinical cancer research is also discussed, with emphasis on diagnosis and future treatment.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The well-studied sequences in the human genome are those of protein-coding genes, which account for only 1%-2% of the total genome. However, with the advent of high-throughput transcriptome sequencing technology, we now know that about 90% of our genome is extensively transcribed and that the vast majority of them are transcribed into noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). It is of great interest and importance to decipher the functions of these ncRNAs in humans. RECENT ADVANCES In the last decade, it has become apparent that ncRNAs play a crucial role in regulating gene expression in normal development, in stress responses to internal and environmental stimuli, and in human diseases. CRITICAL ISSUES In addition to those constitutively expressed structural RNA, such as ribosomal and transfer RNAs, regulatory ncRNAs can be classified as microRNAs (miRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, little is known about the biological features and functional roles of these ncRNAs in DNA repair and genome instability, although a number of miRNAs and lncRNAs are regulated in the DNA damage response. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A major goal of modern biology is to identify and characterize the full profile of ncRNAs with regard to normal physiological functions and roles in human disorders. Clinically relevant ncRNAs will also be evaluated and targeted in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Wan
- 1 Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
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