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van der Ark-Vonk EM, Puijk MV, Pasterkamp G, van der Laan SW. The Effects of FABP4 on Cardiovascular Disease in the Aging Population. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024; 26:163-175. [PMID: 38698167 PMCID: PMC11087245 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) plays a role in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. In this paper, we cover FABP4 biology, its implications in atherosclerosis from observational studies, genetic factors affecting FABP4 serum levels, and ongoing drug development to target FABP4 and offer insights into future FABP4 research. RECENT FINDINGS FABP4 impacts cells through JAK2/STAT2 and c-kit pathways, increasing inflammatory and adhesion-related proteins. In addition, FABP4 induces angiogenesis and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. FABP4 is established as a reliable predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease in specific at-risk groups. Genetic studies robustly link PPARG and FABP4 variants to FABP4 serum levels. Considering the potential effects on atherosclerotic lesion development, drug discovery programs have been initiated in search for potent inhibitors of FABP4. Elevated FABP4 levels indicate an increased cardiovascular risk and is causally related to acceleration of atherosclerotic disease, However, clinical trials for FABP4 inhibition are lacking, possibly due to concerns about available compounds' side effects. Further research on FABP4 genetics and its putative causal role in cardiovascular disease is needed, particularly in aging subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M van der Ark-Vonk
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratory, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mike V Puijk
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratory, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratory, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratory, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Morishita A, Oura K, Tadokoro T, Fujita K, Tani J, Kobara H, Ono M, Himoto T, Masaki T. MicroRNAs and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14482. [PMID: 37833930 PMCID: PMC10572537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathologic syndrome caused by fat deposition in hepatocytes. Patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced form of NAFLD with severe fibrosis, are at high risk for liver-related complications, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism of progression from simple fat deposition to NASH is complex, and previous reports have linked NAFLD to gut microbiota, bile acids, immunity, adipokines, oxidative stress, and genetic or epigenetic factors. NASH-related liver injury involves multiple cell types, and intercellular signaling is thought to be mediated by extracellular vesicles. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNAs that play important roles as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Recently, many reports have implicated microRNAs in the pathogenesis of NALFD/NASH, suggesting that exosomal miRNAs are potential non-invasive and sensitive biomarkers and that the microRNAs involved in the mechanism of the progression of NASH may be potential therapeutic target molecules. We are interested in which miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of NASH and which are potential target molecules for therapy. We summarize targeted miRNAs associated with the etiology and progression of NASH and discuss each miRNA in terms of its pathophysiology, potential therapeutic applications, and efficacy as a NASH biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomoko Tadokoro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan; (A.M.); (K.O.); (K.F.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (M.O.); (T.H.); (T.M.)
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Chen W, Liu Y, Li L, Liang B, Wang S, Xu X, Xing D, Wu X. The potential role and mechanism of circRNAs in foam cell formation. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:315-325. [PMID: 37032721 PMCID: PMC10074414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI). Atherosclerosis develops during foam cell generation, which is caused by an imbalance in cholesterol uptake, esterification, and efflux. LOX-1, SR-A1, and CD36 all increased cholesterol uptake. ACAT1 and ACAT2 promote free cholesterol (FC) esterification to cholesteryl esters (CE). The hydrolysis of CE to FC was aided by nCEH. FC efflux was promoted by ABCA1, ABCG1, ADAM10, and apoA-I. SR-BI promotes not only cholesterol uptake but also FC efflux. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are single-stranded RNAs with a closed covalent circular structure, have emerged as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis due to their highly tissue, cell, and disease state-specific expression profiles. Numerous studies have shown that circRNAs regulate foam cell formation, acting as miRNA sponges to influence atherosclerosis development by regulating the expression of SR-A1, CD36, ACAT2, ABCA1, ABCG1, ADAM10, apoA-I, SR-B1. Several circRNAs, including circ-Wdr91, circ 0004104, circRNA0044073, circRNA_0001805, circDENND1B, circRSF1, circ 0001445, and circRNA 102682, are potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis to better evaluate cardiovascular risk. It is difficult to deliver synthetic therapeutic circRNAs to the desired target tissues. Nanotechnology, such as GA-RM/GZ/PL, may be an important solution to this problem. In this review, we focus on the potential role and mechanism of circRNA/miRNA axis in foam cell formation in the hopes of discovering new targets for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yihui Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Therapy for Tumors in Weifang City, School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Therapy for Tumors in Weifang City, School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Xiaodan Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
- Corresponding author. Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
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Mondal D, Shinde S, Paul S, Thakur S, Velu GSK, Tiwari AK, Dixit V, Amit A, Vishvakarma NK, Shukla D. Diagnostic significance of dysregulated miRNAs in T-cell malignancies and their metabolic roles. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1230273. [PMID: 37637043 PMCID: PMC10448964 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1230273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell malignancy is a broad term used for a diverse group of disease subtypes representing dysfunctional malignant T cells transformed at various stages of their clonal evolution. Despite having similar clinical manifestations, these disease groups have different disease progressions and diagnostic parameters. The effective diagnosis and prognosis of such a diverse disease group demands testing of molecular entities that capture footprints of the disease physiology in its entirety. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of noncoding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of genes and, while doing so, leave behind specific miRNA signatures corresponding to cellular expression status in an altered stage of a disease. Using miRNAs as a diagnostic tool is justified, as they can effectively distinguish expressional diversity between various tumors and within subtypes of T-cell malignancies. As global attention for cancer diagnosis shifts toward liquid biopsy, diagnosis using miRNAs is more relevant in blood cancers than in solid tumors. We also lay forward the diagnostic significance of miRNAs that are indicative of subtype, progression, severity, therapy response, and relapse. This review discusses the potential use and the role of miRNAs, miRNA signatures, or classifiers in the diagnosis of major groups of T-cell malignancies like T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-ALL), peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). The review also briefly discusses major diagnostic miRNAs having prominent metabolic roles in these malignancies to highlight their importance among other dysregulated miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepankar Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sapnita Shinde
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Souvik Paul
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suresh Thakur
- Centre for Excellence in Genomics, Trivitron Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, India
| | - GSK Velu
- Centre for Excellence in Genomics, Trivitron Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, India
| | - Atul Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Bhawan Singh Porte Government College, Pendra, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vineeta Dixit
- Department of Botany, Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Namdhari College, Gharwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ajay Amit
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Dhananjay Shukla
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Feng Y, Sun W, Sun F, Yin G, Liang P, Chen S, Liu X, Jiang T, Zhang F. Biological Mechanisms and Related Natural Inhibitors of CD36 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3829-3845. [PMID: 36388082 PMCID: PMC9642071 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s386982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum of liver disorders from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to the more severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is the leading etiology of chronic liver disease and its global prevalence is increasing. Hepatic steatosis, a condition marked by an abnormal buildup of triglycerides in the liver, is the precursor to NAFLD. Differentiated cluster 36 (CD36), a scavenger receptor class B protein, is a membrane receptor that recognizes multiple lipid and non-lipid ligands. It is generally agreed that CD36 contributes significantly to hepatic steatosis by taking part in fatty acid uptake as well as triglyceride storage and secretion. While there has not been any conclusive research on how CD36 inhibitors prevent NAFLD from progressing and no clinically approved CD36 inhibitors are currently available for use in NAFLD, CD36 remains a target worthy of further investigation in NAFLD. In recent years, the potential role of natural products acting through CD36 in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted much attention. This paper offers an overview of the pathogenesis of CD36 in NAFLD and summarizes some of the natural compounds or extracts that are currently being investigated for modulating NAFLD via CD36 or the CD36 pathway, providing an alternative approach to the development of CD36-related drugs in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Feng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Department of Nursing, Taishan Vocational College of Nursing, Taian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengcui Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengpeng Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suwen Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyi Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongfei Jiang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People’s Republic of China
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Sommerauer C, Kutter C. Noncoding RNAs in liver physiology and metabolic diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1003-C1017. [PMID: 35968891 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00232.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The liver holds central roles in detoxification, energy metabolism and whole-body homeostasis but can develop malignant phenotypes when being chronically overwhelmed with fatty acids and glucose. The global rise of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is already affecting a quarter of the global population. Pharmaceutical treatment options against different stages of MAFLD do not yet exist and several clinical trials against hepatic transcription factors and other proteins have failed. However, emerging roles of noncoding RNAs, including long (lncRNA) and short noncoding RNAs (sRNA), in various cellular processes pose exciting new avenues for treatment interventions. Actions of noncoding RNAs mostly rely on interactions with proteins, whereby the noncoding RNA fine-tunes protein function in a process termed riboregulation. The developmental stage-, disease stage- and cell type-specific nature of noncoding RNAs harbors enormous potential to precisely target certain cellular pathways in a spatio-temporally defined manner. Proteins interacting with RNAs can be categorized into canonical or non-canonical RNA binding proteins (RBPs) depending on the existence of classical RNA binding domains. Both, RNA- and RBP-centric methods have generated new knowledge of the RNA-RBP interface and added an additional regulatory layer. In this review, we summarize recent advances of how of RBP-lncRNA interactions and various sRNAs shape cellular physiology and the development of liver diseases such as MAFLD and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sommerauer
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, grid.4714.6Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, grid.4714.6Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Heianza Y, Krohn K, Xue Q, Yaskolka Meir A, Ziesche S, Ceglarek U, Blüher M, Keller M, Kovacs P, Shai I, Qi L. Changes in circulating microRNAs-99/100 and reductions of visceral and ectopic fat depots in response to lifestyle interventions: the CENTRAL trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:165-172. [PMID: 35348584 PMCID: PMC9257465 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs and important posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Adipose tissue is a major source of circulating miRNAs; adipose-related circulating miRNAs may regulate body fat distribution and glucose metabolism. OBJECTIVES We investigated how changes in adipose-related circulating microRNAs-99/100 (miR-99/100) in response to lifestyle interventions were associated with improved body fat distribution and reductions of diabetogenic ectopic fat depots among adults with abdominal obesity. METHODS This study included adults with abdominal obesity from an 18-mo diet and physical activity intervention trial. Circulating miR-99a-5p, miR-99b-5p, and miR-100-5p were measured at baseline and 18 mo; changes in these miRNAs in response to the interventions were evaluated. The primary outcomes were changes in abdominal adipose tissue [visceral (VAT), deep subcutaneous (DSAT), and superficial subcutaneous (SSAT) adipose tissue; cm2] (n = 144). The secondary outcomes were changes in ectopic fat accumulation in the liver (n = 141) and pancreas (n = 143). RESULTS Greater decreases in miR-100-5p were associated with more reductions of VAT (β ± SE per 1-SD decrease: -9.63 ± 3.13 cm2; P = 0.0025), DSAT (β ± SE: -5.48 ± 2.36 cm2; P = 0.0218), SSAT (β ± SE: -4.64 ± 1.68 cm2; P = 0.0067), and intrahepatic fat percentage (β ± SE: -1.54% ± 0.49%; P = 0.0023) after the interventions. Similarly, participants with greater decrease in miR-99a-5p had larger 18-mo reductions of VAT (β ± SE: -10.12 ± 3.31 cm2 per 1-SD decrease; P = 0.0027) and intrahepatic fat percentage (β ± SE: -1.28% ± 0.52%; P = 0.015). Further, decreases in circulating miR-99b-5p (β ± SE: per 1-SD decrease: -0.44% ± 0.21%; P = 0.038) and miR-100-5p (β ± SE: -0.50% ± 0.23%; P = 0.033) were associated with a decrease in pancreatic fat percentage, as well as improved glucose metabolism and insulin secretion at 18 mo. CONCLUSIONS Decreases in circulating miR-99-5p/100-5p expression induced by lifestyle interventions were related to improved body fat distribution and ectopic fat accumulation. Our study suggests that changes in circulating adipose-related miR-99-5p/100-5p may be linked to reducing diabetogenic fat depots in patients with abdominal obesity.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01530724.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Knut Krohn
- Core Unit DNA Technologies, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Qiaochu Xue
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Stefanie Ziesche
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Center Munich, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Keller
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Center Munich, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iris Shai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Epigenetic Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Genes' Expressions in Adipose Tissue in the Course of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115989. [PMID: 35682668 PMCID: PMC9181405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen affects adipose tissue function. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing changes in the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor (ER) α and β genes (ESR1 and ESR2, respectively) in the adipose tissues of obese individuals before and after weight loss and verifying whether epigenetic mechanisms were involved in this phenomenon. ESR1 and ESR2 mRNA and miRNA levels were evaluated using real-time PCR in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of 78 obese (BMI > 40 kg/m2) and 31 normal-weight (BMI = 20−24.9 kg/m2) individuals and in 19 SAT samples from post-bariatric patients. ESR1 and ESR2 methylation status was studied using the methylation-sensitive digestion/real-time PCR method. Obesity was associated with a decrease in mRNA levels of both ERs in SAT (p < 0.0001) and ESR2 in VAT (p = 0.0001), while weight loss increased ESR transcription (p < 0.0001). Methylation levels of ESR1 and ESR2 promoters were unaffected. However, ESR1 mRNA in the AT of obese subjects correlated negatively with the expression of hsa-miR-18a-5p (rs = −0.444), hsa-miR-18b-5p (rs = −0.329), hsa-miR-22-3p (rs = −0.413), hsa-miR-100-5p (rs = −0.371), and hsa-miR-143-5p (rs = −0.289), while the expression of ESR2 in VAT correlated negatively with hsa-miR-576-5p (rs = −0.353) and in SAT with hsa-miR-495-3p (rs = −0.308). In conclusion, obesity-associated downregulation of ER mRNA levels in adipose tissue may result from miRNA interference.
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Li D, Chen J, Yun C, Li X, Huang Z. MiR-122-5p regulates the pathogenesis of childhood obesity by targeting CPEB1. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:206-213. [PMID: 35680520 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is strongly associated with inflammation which contributes to the development of several obesity-related disorders. Accumulating evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases, including childhood obesity. MiR-122-5p was reported to be related to obesity in childhood, however, the detailed function and mechanism of miR-122-5p are still obscure. METHODS Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes were cocultured with macrophage cell line THP-1 or macrophage-conditioned medium (MacCM) to promote cytokine expression. Oil Red O staining was used to detect the accumulation of lipid droplets in SGBS cells. The expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) at mRNA and protein levels was assessed by RT-qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Western blotting was used for measuring protein levels of target genes of miR-122-5p. The luciferase reporter assay was applied for detecting the binding relation between miR-122-5p and cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1). RESULTS Coculture of SGBS adipocytes and THP-1 macrophages/MacCM promoted IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 expression at mRNA and protein levels. Overexpression of miR-122-5p inhibited IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 expression in SGBS adipocytes, and this inhibitory effect was rescued by CPEB1 upregulation. CPEB1 3'-untranslated region was directly targeted by miR-122-5p. CONCLUSION MiR-122-5p suppresses cytokine expression in SGBS adipocytes by targeting CPEB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China.
| | - Jinni Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou 570206, Hainan, China
| | - Chuan Yun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- Department of Respiratory, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou 570206, Hainan, China
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Chen W, Ma H, Li B, Yang F, Xiao Y, Gong Y, Li Z, Li T, Zeng Q, Xu K, Duan Y. Spatiotemporal Regulation of Circular RNA Expression during Liver Development of Chinese Indigenous Ningxiang Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:746. [PMID: 35627131 PMCID: PMC9141790 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been many studies on the relationship between circRNAs and fat deposition. Although the liver is a central organ for fat metabolism, there are few reports on the relationship between circRNAs in the liver and fat deposition. METHODS In this study, we systematically analyzed circular RNAs in the liver of Ningxiang pigs, at four time points after birth (30 days, 90 days, 150 days and 210 days). RESULTS A total of 3705 circRNAs were coexpressed in four time periods were found, and KEGG analysis showed that the significantly upregulated pathways were mainly enriched in lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, while significantly downregulated pathways were mainly related to signal transduction, such as ECM-receptor interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, etc. Short time-series expression miner (STEM) analysis showed multiple model spectra that were significantly enriched over time in the liver. By constructing a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network, 9187 pairs of networks related to the change in development time were screened. CONCLUSIONS The expression profiles of circRNAs in Ningxiang pig liver were revealed at different development periods, and it was determined that there is differential coexpression. Through enrichment analysis of these circRNAs, it was revealed that host genes were involved in metabolism-related signaling pathways and fatty acid anabolism. Through STEM analysis, many circRNAs involved in fat metabolism, transport, and deposition pathways were screened, and the first circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulation network map in Ningxiang pig liver was constructed. The highly expressed circRNAs related to fat deposition were verified and were consistent with RNA-Seq results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Haiming Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Biao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Fang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yu Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yan Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ting Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qinghua Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.C.); (F.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (T.L.); (Q.Z.)
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Ningxiang Pig Farm of Dalong Livestock Technology Co., Ltd., Ningxiang 410600, China; (K.X.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yehui Duan
- Ningxiang Pig Farm of Dalong Livestock Technology Co., Ltd., Ningxiang 410600, China; (K.X.); (Y.D.)
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MicroRNA-100 Reduced Fetal Bovine Muscle Satellite Cell Myogenesis and Augmented Intramuscular Lipid Deposition by Modulating IGF1R. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030451. [PMID: 35159261 PMCID: PMC8833961 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, microRNA-100 (miR-100) and its putative mRNA target, insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF1R) were identified as differentially and inversely expressed in bovine longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles with divergent intramuscular fat (IMF) content by our group. While IGF1R signaling is implicated in myogenesis and muscle lipid metabolism, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the regulation of IGF1R by miR-100 during bovine muscle satellite cell (BMSC) myogenesis and lipid deposition. MiR-100 was confirmed to target the IGF1R 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) by luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, expression of miR-100 and IGF1R was reciprocal during BMSC differentiation, suggesting a crosstalk between the two. Correspondingly, miR-100 mimic (agomiR) suppressed the levels of IGF1R, PI3K/AKT pathway signaling, myogenic gene MYOG, muscle structural components MYH7 and MYH8, whereas the inhibitor (antagomiR) had no clear stimulating effects. The IGF1R inhibitor (BMS-754807) curtailed receptor levels and triggered atrophy in muscle myotubes but did not influence miR-100 expression. AgomiR increased oleic acid-induced lipid deposition in BMSC myotubes supporting its involvement in intramuscular fat deposition, while antagomiR had no effect. Moreover, mitochondrial beta-oxidation and long-chain fatty acid synthesis-related genes were modulated by agomiR addition. Our results demonstrate modulatory roles of miR-100 in BMSC development, lipid deposition, and metabolism and suggest a role of miR-100 in marbling characteristics of meat animals and fat oxidation in muscle.
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Unveiling the Role of the Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 in the Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010197. [PMID: 35052876 PMCID: PMC8773613 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), the main cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, is a progressive disease ranging from fatty liver to steatohepatitis (metabolic-associated steatohepatitis; MASH). Nevertheless, it remains underdiagnosed due to the lack of effective non-invasive methods for its diagnosis and staging. Although MAFLD has been found in lean individuals, it is closely associated with obesity-related conditions. Adipose tissue is the main source of liver triglycerides and adipocytes act as endocrine organs releasing a large number of adipokines and pro-inflammatory mediators involved in MAFLD progression into bloodstream. Among the adipocyte-derived molecules, fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been recently associated with fatty liver and additional features of advanced stages of MAFLD. Additionally, emerging data from preclinical studies propose FABP4 as a causal actor involved in the disease progression, rather than a mere biomarker for the disease. Therefore, the FABP4 regulation could be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy to MAFLD. Here, we review the current knowledge of FABP4 in MAFLD, as well as its potential role as a therapeutic target for this disease.
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