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Li C, Liu X, Chen X, Zhang J, Liao Y, Fan Z, Zhang X. Bu-Sui-Dan Enhances Osteoblast Differentiation by Upregulating VGLL4 to Counteract TEAD4-Mediated RUNX2 Transcription Suppression in Ovariectomized Rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118690. [PMID: 39142621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) has been considered as a major causative factor for bone-joint pain and inducing pathologic fractures. Bu-Sui-Dan (BSD), a classic ancient herbal formula, has been shown to exhibit osteoprotective effects by promoting bone marrow development and bone growth. However, the exact mechanism of BSD are still unexplored. AIM OF STUDY The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of BSD against osteoporotic injury, and to explore whether BSD regulated BMSCs' osteogenic differentiation by targeting VGLL4, which in turn improved PMOP. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-osteoporotic effect of BSD was studied in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Micro-CT imaging and HE staining were performed, and the levels of osteogenic protein RUNX2 and osteogenesis-related factor VGLL4 were determined. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was further employed to delve into the effects of BSD on the interactions between TEAD4 and RUNX2. The key osteogenic factors 1ALP, COLl1A1, and Osterix expression were detected by RT-qPCR. Co-IP and proximity ligation assay (PLA) were employed to scrutinize the influence of BSD on TEAD4 and RUNX2 inter-binding. Moreover, VGLL4 knockdown in BMSCs was conducted to confirm the role of VGLL4 in the therapeutic mechanism of BSD. RESULTS BSD showed a dose-dependent protective effect against osteoporotic injury, as evidenced by improvement in bone volume, bone microarchitecture, and histomorphometry. Additionally, BSD treatment increased the levels of RUNX2 and its downstream target genes including ALP, COL1A1, and Osterix. Moreover, BSD upregulated VGLL4 expression and lessened TEAD4-RUNX2 interactions. In BMSCs experiment, BSD-containing serum could promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, boosted the expression of osteogenesis-related factors and VGLL4 level. The knockdown of VGLL4 in BMSCs diminished the promotion effect of BSD in osteoblast differentiation, suggesting that VGLL4 play a vital role in the therapeutic effects exerted by BSD. CONCLUSION BSD ameliorated osteoporosis injury and promoted osteoblast differentiation through upregulation of VGLL4 levels, which in turn antagonized TEAD4-mediated RUNX2 transcriptional repression. Our study implied that BSD may be an osteoporosis therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China; School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China; School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yitao Liao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhihong Fan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xian Zhang
- Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
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Xing Z, Guo L, Li S, Huang W, Su J, Chen X, Li Y, Zhang J. Skeletal muscle-derived exosomes prevent osteoporosis by promoting osteogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 357:123079. [PMID: 39326580 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and bone are the major organs for physical activity, in which there is a parallel correlation between muscle mass and bone density throughout a lifetime. Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolic disorder caused by reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption. Based on the metabolic symbiosis relationship between skeletal muscle and bone, we hypothesis that skeletal muscle secretory factors could play constructive roles in osteoporosis. Exosomes have been verified to transfer bioactive factors among cells. However, the role of skeletal muscle derived-exosomes (SM-Exos) in osteoporosis is still unclear. In this study, we performed neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) intervention on denervated skeletal muscles and subsequently extracted exosomes (DN + ES-Exo) from the skeletal muscles, and then injected these DN + ES-Exo into sarco-osteoporotic rats through tail vein. In vitro studies, we cocultured SM-Exos from different states with differentiated MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. In brief, our research findings demonstrate that SM-Exos could partially promote osteogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Further, our findings indicate that skeletal muscle contraction induced by NMES can reverse the incidence of sarco-osteoporosis to a certain degree, and DN + ES-Exo contributes to the improvement in osteoporosis by facilitating osteoblast differentiation. Then, we revealed that NMES might regulate several miRNAs in skeletal muscle, the miRNAs that are encapsulated by SM-Exos might be involved in osteogenic differentiation in a network manner. All in all, this study confirmed the effect of NMES on sarco-osteoporosis and explored the role of SM-Exos in the improvement of osteoporosis, which provide an effective theoretical support for the physical therapy of clinical sarco-osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xing
- College of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lanlan Guo
- Department of Physical Education, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shitian Li
- College of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- College of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jie Su
- College of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuefei Chen
- College of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- College of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Deng L, Liu Y, Wu Q, Lai S, Yang Q, Mu Y, Dong M. Exosomes to exosome-functionalized scaffolds: a novel approach to stimulate bone regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:407. [PMID: 39521993 PMCID: PMC11550564 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-04024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex biological process that relies on the orchestrated interplay of various cellular and molecular events. Bone tissue engineering is currently the most promising method for treating bone regeneration. However, the immunogenicity, stable and cell quantity of seed cells limited their application. Recently, exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles released by cells, have been found to effectively address these problems and better induce bone regeneration. Meanwhile, a growing line of research has shown the cargos of exosomes may provide effective therapeutic and biomarker tools for bone repair, including miRNA, lncRNA, and proteins. Moreover, engineered scaffolds loaded with exosomes can offer a cell-free bone repair strategy, addressing immunogenicity concerns and providing a more stable functional performance. Herein, we provide a comprehensive summary of the role played by scaffolds loaded with exosomes in bone regeneration, drawing on a systematic analysis of relevant literature available on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, 611135, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, 611135, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, 611135, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Lai
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Qiu Yang
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, 611135, Sichuan, China
| | - Yandong Mu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, 611135, Sichuan, China.
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Mehrvar A, Akbari M, Khosroshahi EM, Nekavand M, Mokhtari K, Baniasadi M, Aghababaian M, Karimi M, Amiri S, Moazen A, Maghsoudloo M, Alimohammadi M, Rahimzadeh P, Farahani N, Vaghar ME, Entezari M, Hashemi M. The impact of exosomes on bone health: A focus on osteoporosis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 263:155618. [PMID: 39362132 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a widespread chronic condition. Although standard treatments are generally effective, they are frequently constrained by side effects and the risk of developing drug resistance. A promising area of research is the investigation of extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, which play a crucial role in bone metabolism. Exosomes, in particular, have shown significant potential in both the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. EVs derived from osteoclasts, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and other sources can influence bone metabolism, while exosomes from inflammatory and tumor cells may exacerbate bone loss, highlighting their dual role in osteoporosis pathology. This review offers a comprehensive overview of EV biogenesis, composition, and function in osteoporosis, focusing on their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. We examine the roles of various types of EVs and their cargo-proteins, RNAs, and lipids-in bone metabolism. Additionally, we explore the emerging applications of EVs as biomarkers and therapeutic agents, emphasizing the need for further research to address current challenges and enhance EV-based strategies for managing osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mehrvar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Taleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadarian Akbari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrandokht Nekavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Midwifery, Faculty of nursing and midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Baniasadi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; MD, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Aghababaian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mansour Karimi
- MD, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Amiri
- MD, Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shohadaye Haftom-e-Tir Hospital, Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moazen
- Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazaher Maghsoudloo
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payman Rahimzadeh
- Surgical Research Society (SRS), Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Najma Farahani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Eslami Vaghar
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Han J, Zhang J, Zhang X, Luo W, Liu L, Zhu Y, Liu Q, Zhang XA. Emerging role and function of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway in musculoskeletal disorders. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:386. [PMID: 39468616 PMCID: PMC11520482 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-04011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conservative key pathway that regulates organ size and tissue regeneration by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/ WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ) serves as a pivotal transcription factor within the Hippo signaling pathway, which undergoes negative regulation by the Hippo pathway. The expression of YAP/TAZ affects various biological processes, including differentiation of osteoblasts (OB) and osteoclasts (OC), cartilage homeostasis, skeletal muscle development, regeneration and quality maintenance. At the same time, the dysregulation of the Hippo pathway can concurrently contribute to the development of various musculoskeletal disorders, including bone tumors, osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), muscular dystrophy, and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Therefore, targeting the Hippo pathway has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. The focus of this review is to elucidate the mechanisms by which the Hippo pathway maintains homeostasis in bone, cartilage, and skeletal muscle, while also providing a comprehensive summary of the pivotal role played by core components of this pathway in musculoskeletal diseases. The efficacy and feasibility of Hippo pathway-related drugs for targeted therapy of musculoskeletal diseases are also discussed in our study. These endeavors offer novel insights into the application of Hippo signaling in musculoskeletal disorders, providing effective therapeutic targets and potential drug candidates for treating such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Han
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110100, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110100, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- College of Second Clinical Medical, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110100, China
| | - Lifei Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110100, China
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinqiu Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110100, China.
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Liu F, Wang X, He Y, Han R, Wang T, Guo Y. Jaw osteoporosis: Challenges to oral health and emerging perspectives of treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116995. [PMID: 38917761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone metabolic disease that poses a significant challenge to global human health. Jaw osteoporosis, characterized by microstructural damage of the jaw resulting from various factors, is one of the common manifestations of this condition. Recent studies have demonstrated that jaw osteoporosis has multifaceted effects on oral health and can negatively impact conditions such as periodontitis, oral implantation, orthodontic treatment, and wound healing. However, there are still some limitations in the conventional treatment of osteoporosis. For instance, while bisphosphonates can enhance bone quality, they may also lead to osteonecrosis of the jaw, which poses a potential safety hazard in oral diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on improving the pathological condition of jaw osteoporosis. Treatment strategies such as gut microbial regulation, extracellular vesicles, molecular targeted therapy, herbal medicine, mechanical stimulation are expected to enhance efficacy and minimize adverse reactions. Therefore, understanding these effects and exploring novel treatments for jaw osteoporosis may provide new insights for oral health maintenance and disease treatment. This article reviews the impact of jaw osteoporosis on oral health and describes the limitations associated with current methods. It also discusses emerging perspectives on treatment, offering a comprehensive overview of the challenges and future directions in managing jaw osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yikai He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ruiying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yongwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Ko JY, Wang FS, Lian WS, Yang FS, Chen JW, Huang PH, Liao CY, Kuo SJ. Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) blockade mitigates osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) related bone disease. Mol Med 2024; 30:66. [PMID: 38773377 PMCID: PMC11106911 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00838-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is imperfect. Our study thus delves into the potential of using Dickkopf-1 antisense (DKK1-AS) to treat OI. METHODS We analysed serum DKK1 levels and their correlation with lumbar spine and hip T-scores in OI patients. Comparative analyses were conducted involving bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and bone tissues from wild-type mice, untreated OI mice, and OI mice treated with DKK1-ASor DKK1-sense (DKK1-S). RESULTS Significant inverse correlations were noted between serum DKK1 levels and lumbar spine (correlation coefficient = - 0.679, p = 0.043) as well as hip T-scores (correlation coefficient = - 0.689, p = 0.042) in OI patients. DKK1-AS improved bone mineral density (p = 0.002), trabecular bone volume/total volume fraction (p < 0.001), trabecular separation (p = 0.010), trabecular thickness (p = 0.001), trabecular number (p < 0.001), and cortical thickness (p < 0.001) in OI mice. DKK1-AS enhanced the transcription of collagen 1α1, osteocalcin, runx2, and osterix in BMSC from OI mice (all p < 0.001), resulting in a higher von Kossa-stained matrix area (p < 0.001) in ex vivo osteogenesis assays. DKK1-AS also reduced osteoclast numbers (p < 0.001), increased β-catenin and T-cell factor 4 immunostaining reactivity (both p < 0.001), enhanced mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate per bone surface (both p < 0.001), and decreased osteoclast area (p < 0.001) in OI mice. DKK1-AS upregulated osteoprotegerin and downregulated nuclear factor-kappa B ligand transcription (both p < 0.001). Bone tissues from OI mice treated with DKK1-AS exhibited significantly higher breaking force compared to untreated OI mice (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study elucidates that DKK1-AS has the capability to enhance bone mechanical properties, restore the transcription of osteogenic genes, promote osteogenesis, and inhibit osteoclastogenesis in OI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Yang Ko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiung Lian
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shine Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hua Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yi Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jui Kuo
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, 404328, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 404327, Taiwan.
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Chen J, Sun Q, Yin W. Th17 Cell-Related Gene Biomarkers in Osteoporosis: Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis and In Vivo Validation. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:373-380. [PMID: 37977205 DOI: 10.1055/a-2196-7811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between the bone and immune systems has a major role in osteoporosis regulation. However, the infiltration of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and their associated genes in osteoporosis remains unclear. The GSE35959 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI) program was used to evaluate the abundance of 24 immune cell types, including Th17 cells. Differential analysis and relevance analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed Th17 cell-related genes (DETh17RGs) in osteoporosis. The potential functions of DETh17RGs were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment. Hub DETh17RGs were obtained through comprehensive analysis using Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and the CytoHubba plug-in algorithm. The expression levels of hub genes were validated using additional osteoporosis datasets. Additionally, the transcript levels of Hub genes in a mice model of osteoporosis were examined using quantitative PCR (qPCR). 464 DETh17RGs were identified in this study, with 421 genes showing positive associations and 43 genes showing negative associations. Among these, seven genes (CD44, TGFB1, ACTN4, ARHGDIA, ESR1, TLN1, FLNA) were considered as Hub DETh17RGs. The qPCR transcript levels of hub DETh17RGs in a mice model of osteoporosis exhibited consistent expression trends with the bioinformatics analysis. This research enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involving Th17 cells in the development of osteoporosis and contributes to the discovery of potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qifeng Sun
- Department of Joint Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenzhe Yin
- Department of Joint Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Yue Y, Dai W, Wei Y, Cao S, Liao S, Li A, Liu P, Lin J, Zeng H. Unlocking the potential of exosomes: a breakthrough in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1377142. [PMID: 38699435 PMCID: PMC11064847 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1377142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative orthopaedic diseases pose a notable worldwide public health issue attributable to the global aging population. Conventional medical approaches, encompassing physical therapy, pharmaceutical interventions, and surgical methods, face obstacles in halting or reversing the degenerative process. In recent times, exosome-based therapy has gained widespread acceptance and popularity as an effective treatment for degenerative orthopaedic diseases. This therapeutic approach holds the potential for "cell-free" tissue regeneration. Exosomes, membranous vesicles resulting from the fusion of intracellular multivesicles with the cell membrane, are released into the extracellular matrix. Addressing challenges such as the rapid elimination of natural exosomes in vivo and the limitation of drug concentration can be effectively achieved through various strategies, including engineering modification, gene overexpression modification, and biomaterial binding. This review provides a concise overview of the source, classification, and preparation methods of exosomes, followed by an in-depth analysis of their functions and potential applications. Furthermore, the review explores various strategies for utilizing exosomes in the treatment of degenerative orthopaedic diseases, encompassing engineering modification, gene overexpression, and biomaterial binding. The primary objective is to provide a fresh viewpoint on the utilization of exosomes in addressing bone degenerative conditions and to support the practical application of exosomes in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohang Yue
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihao Wei
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyang Cao
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Liao
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Aikang Li
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjing Lin
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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10
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Kwon Y. YAP/TAZ as Molecular Targets in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Osteoporosis. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0306. [PMID: 38502585 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles and bones are closely connected anatomically and functionally. Age-related degeneration in these tissues is associated with physical disability in the elderly and significantly impacts their quality of life. Understanding the mechanisms of age-related musculoskeletal tissue degeneration is crucial for identifying molecular targets for therapeutic interventions for skeletal muscle atrophy and osteoporosis. The Hippo pathway is a recently identified signaling pathway that plays critical roles in development, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. The Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are key downstream effectors of the mammalian Hippo signaling pathway. This review highlights the fundamental roles of YAP and TAZ in the homeostatic maintenance and regeneration of skeletal muscles and bones. YAP/TAZ play a significant role in stem cell function by relaying various environmental signals to stem cells. Skeletal muscle atrophy and osteoporosis are related to stem cell dysfunction or senescence triggered by YAP/TAZ dysregulation resulting from reduced mechanosensing and mitochondrial function in stem cells. In contrast, the maintenance of YAP/TAZ activation can suppress stem cell senescence and tissue dysfunction and may be used as a basis for the development of potential therapeutic strategies. Thus, targeting YAP/TAZ holds significant therapeutic potential for alleviating age-related muscle and bone dysfunction and improving the quality of life in the elderly.
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11
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Zhang J, Gao Y, Yan J. Roles of Myokines and Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Musculoskeletal Deterioration under Disuse Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:88. [PMID: 38392980 PMCID: PMC10891558 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged inactivity and disuse conditions, such as those experienced during spaceflight and prolonged bedrest, are frequently accompanied by detrimental effects on the motor system, including skeletal muscle atrophy and bone loss, which greatly increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Moreover, the decrease in glucose and lipid utilization in skeletal muscles, a consequence of muscle atrophy, also contributes to the development of metabolic syndrome. Clarifying the mechanisms involved in disuse-induced musculoskeletal deterioration is important, providing therapeutic targets and a scientific foundation for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders under disuse conditions. Skeletal muscle, as a powerful endocrine organ, participates in the regulation of physiological and biochemical functions of local or distal tissues and organs, including itself, in endocrine, autocrine, or paracrine manners. As a motor organ adjacent to muscle, bone tissue exhibits a relative lag in degenerative changes compared to skeletal muscle under disuse conditions. Based on this phenomenon, roles and mechanisms involved in the communication between skeletal muscle and bone, especially from muscle to bone, under disuse conditions have attracted widespread attention. In this review, we summarize the roles and regulatory mechanisms of muscle-derived myokines and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the occurrence of muscle atrophy and bone loss under disuse conditions, as well as discuss future perspectives based on existing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Institute of Special Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030619, China;
| | - Yunfang Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Jiangwei Yan
- Institute of Special Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030619, China;
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12
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Wang P, Shao W, Li Z, Wang B, Lv X, Huang Y, Feng Y. Non-bone-derived exosomes: a new perspective on regulators of bone homeostasis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:70. [PMID: 38273356 PMCID: PMC10811851 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that exosomes help to regulate bone homeostasis. The roles of bone-derived exosomes have been well-described; however, recent studies have shown that some non-bone-derived exosomes have better bone targeting ability than bone-derived exosomes and that their performance as a drug delivery vehicle for regulating bone homeostasis may be better than that of bone-derived exosomes, and the sources of non-bone-derived exosomes are more extensive and can thus be better for clinical needs. Here, we sort non-bone-derived exosomes and describe their composition and biogenesis. Their roles and specific mechanisms in bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases are also discussed. Furthermore, we reveal obstacles to current research and future challenges in the practical application of exosomes, and we provide potential strategies for more effective application of exosomes for the regulation of bone homeostasis and the treatment of bone-related diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenkai Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiyao Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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13
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Fang F, Yang J, Wang J, Li T, Wang E, Zhang D, Liu X, Zhou C. The role and applications of extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis. Bone Res 2024; 12:4. [PMID: 38263267 PMCID: PMC10806231 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture, which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures. The intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis are substantially impacted by extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play crucial roles in both pathological and physiological contexts. EVs derived from various sources exert distinct effects on osteoporosis. Specifically, EVs released by osteoblasts, endothelial cells, myocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells contribute to bone formation due to their unique cargo of proteins, miRNAs, and cytokines. Conversely, EVs secreted by osteoclasts and immune cells promote bone resorption and inhibit bone formation. Furthermore, the use of EVs as therapeutic modalities or biomaterials for diagnosing and managing osteoporosis is promising. Here, we review the current understanding of the impact of EVs on bone homeostasis, including the classification and biogenesis of EVs and the intricate regulatory mechanisms of EVs in osteoporosis. Furthermore, we present an overview of the latest research progress on diagnosing and treating osteoporosis by using EVs. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of translational research on the use of EVs in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Erxiang Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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14
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Shi H, Yang Y, Xing H, Jia J, Xiong W, Guo S, Yang S. Exosomal non-coding RNAs: Emerging insights into therapeutic potential and mechanisms in bone healing. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241286606. [PMID: 39371940 PMCID: PMC11456177 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241286606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by diverse types of cells, which affect the functions of targeted cells by transporting bioactive substances. As the main component of exosomes, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is demonstrated to impact multiple pathways participating in bone healing. Herein, this review first introduces the biogenesis and secretion of exosomes, and elucidates the role of the main cargo in exosomes, ncRNAs, in mediating intercellular communication. Subsequently, the potential molecular mechanism of exosomes accelerating bone healing is elucidated from the following four aspects: macrophage polarization, vascularization, osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Then, we systematically introduce construction strategies based on modified exosomes in bone regeneration field. Finally, the clinical trials of exosomes for bone healing and the challenges of exosome-based therapies in the biomedical field are briefly introduced, providing solid theoretical frameworks and optimization methods for the clinical application of exosomes in orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Xing
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jialin Jia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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15
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Xu N, Cui G, Zhao S, Li Y, Liu Q, Liu X, Zhao C, Feng R, Kuang M, Han S. Therapeutic Effects of Mechanical Stress-Induced C2C12-Derived Exosomes on Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis Through miR-92a-3p/PTEN/AKT Signaling Pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7583-7603. [PMID: 38106447 PMCID: PMC10725637 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s435301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a common bone disease in which the bone loses density and strength and is prone to fracture. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are important in bone-related diseases. Exosomes, as mediators of cell communication, have potential in cell processes. Previous studies have focused on muscle factors' regulation of bone remodeling, but research on exosomes is lacking. Methods In order to confirm the therapeutic effect of mechanically stimulated myocytes (C2C12) derived exosomes (Exosome-MS) on the Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP) compared with unmechanically stimulated myocytes (C2C12) derived exosomes (Exosomes), we established a dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis model in vivo and in vitro. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using CCK8 and EDU assays. Osteogenic potential was evaluated through Western blotting, real-time PCR, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, and alizarin red staining. Differential expression of miRNAs was determined by high-throughput sequencing. The regulatory mechanism of miR-92a-3p on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via the PTEN/AKT pathway was investigated using real-time PCR, luciferase reporter gene assay, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The therapeutic effects of exosomes were evaluated in vivo using microCT, HE staining, Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry. Results In this study, we found that exosomes derived from mechanical stress had a positive impact on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Importantly, we demonstrated that miR-92a-3p mimics could reverse dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in vitro and in vivo, indicating that mechanical stress-induced mouse myoblast-derived exosomes could promote osteogenesis and prevent the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis in mice through miR-92a-3p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Exosomes derived from mechanical stress-induced myoblasts can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through miR-92a-3p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, and can have a therapeutic effect on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in mice in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanzheng Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengyin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pain, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuchang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongjie Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Kuang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijie Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
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