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Feng MC, Luo F, Huang LJ, Li K, Chen ZM, Li H, Yao C, Qin BJ, Chen GZ. Rheum palmatum L. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Alleviates Acute Pancreatitis by Regulating Th17 Cell Differentiation: An Integrated Network Pharmacology Analysis, Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Validation. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:408-420. [PMID: 37861962 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the core targets of Rheum palmatum L. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., (Dahuang-Danshen, DH-DS) and the mechanism underlying its therapeutic efficacy in acute pancreatitis (AP) using a network pharmacology approach and validate the findings in animal experiments. METHODS Network pharmacology analysis was used to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of DH-DS in AP. The reliability of the results was verified by molecular docking simulation and molecular dynamics simulation. Finally, the results of network pharmacology enrichment analysis were verified by immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS Sixty-seven common targets of DH-DS in AP were identified and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), protein c-Fos (FOS) were identified as core targets in the protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Gene ontology analysis showed that cellular response to organic substance was the main functions of DH-DS in AP, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the main pathway included Th17 cell differentiation. Molecular docking simulation confirmed that DH-DS binds with strong affinity to MAPK3, STAT3 and FOS. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that FOS-isotanshinone II and STAT3-dan-shexinkum d had good binding capacity. Animal experiments indicated that compared with the AP model group, DH-DS treatment effectively alleviated AP by inhibiting the expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and blocking the activation of Th17 cell differentiation (P<0.01). CONCLUSION DH-DS could inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors and protect pancreatic tissues, which would be functioned by regulating Th17 cell differentiation-related mRNA and protein expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chao Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Fang Luo
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Liang-Jiang Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Kai Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Zu-Min Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Hui Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Chun Yao
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Bai-Jun Qin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Guo-Zhong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, China.
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Behroozi Z, Kookli K, Ghadaksaz A, Motavaf M, Fazeli SM, Nezhad AM, Ramezani F, Janzadeh A. Evaluation of epigenetic (HDAC, DNMT) and pain (Gad65, TGF) factors following photobiomodulation therapy in a neuropathic pain model. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:233-243. [PMID: 37332186 DOI: 10.1111/php.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is converted to the most common analgesic treatment before the whole mechanism is yet to be discovered. This study for the first time was designed to investigate alternations of epigenetic factors after pain and PBMT. The CCI model was chosen to induce pain. Pain evaluation tests including plantar, acetone, von Frey, and pinch were done weekly. Then spinal cord tissue was isolated for evaluating mRNA expression of DNMT3a, HDAC1, and NRSF using RT-qPCR method, and protein expression factors of HDAC2 and DNMT3a using western blotting. GAD65 and TGF-β proteins were assessed by the IHC method. PBMT increased the pain threshold up to the point where it roughly met the pain threshold of the control group. After three weeks of treatment, both PBMT protocols demonstrated a reduction in allodynia and hyperalgesia. While some molecules, such as TGF-β and Gad65, increased following PBMT, we observed no inhibition of NRSF, HDAC1, and DNMT3a expression despite implementing two different protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Behroozi
- The Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Keihan Kookli
- International Campus, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Occupational Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghadaksaz
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Mahsa Motavaf
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Comprehensive Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedalireza Moghaddas Fazeli
- International Campus, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Motamed Nezhad
- Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bao J, Yang S. ScRNA analysis and ferroptosis-related ceRNA regulatory network investigation in microglia cells at different time points after spinal cord injury. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:701. [PMID: 37726826 PMCID: PMC10507978 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are usually caused by mechanical trauma that leads to serious physical and psychological damage to the patient as well as a huge economic burden to the whole society. The prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of spinal cord injuries have become a major issue for the medical community today due to the enormous social and economic expenditure induced via spinal cord injuries. Therefore, in-depth research into SCI is necessary. Microglia have been shown to be the key player in the immune inflammatory response after spinal cord injury, but the mechanisms of immune regulation at different time points after spinal cord injury remain unclear. To investigate the inflammatory biomarkers associated with microglia at different time points after SCI, we downloaded single-cell RNA sequencing data from mouse spinal cords 3- and 14-days after the injury and identified subpopulations associated with microglia. Further functional enrichment analysis also confirmed that microglia are associated with immune system regulation at different time points and that both can modulate cytokine production. As ferroptosis is a newly identified non-apoptotic programmed cell death, microglia establish a bridge between ferroptosis and CNS inflammation and may play an important role in spinal cord injury. We then screened for genes differentially expressed in microglia during 3- and 14-days after spinal cord injury and associated with iron death, named Stmn1 and Fgfbr1, respectively, and verified that these pivotal genes are closely related to the immune cells. Finally, we also screened for drug fractions associated with these pivotal genes. Our results predict key genes in the immune inflammatory process associated with microglia at different time points after spinal cord injury at the single-cell level and provide a molecular basis for better treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Lückemeyer DD, Xie W, Prudente AS, Qualls KA, Tonello R, Strong JA, Berta T, Zhang JM. The Antinociceptive Effect of Sympathetic Block is Mediated by Transforming Growth Factor β in a Mouse Model of Radiculopathy. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1363-1374. [PMID: 37165177 PMCID: PMC10465463 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although sympathetic blockade is clinically used to treat pain, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We developed a localized microsympathectomy (mSYMPX), by cutting the grey rami entering the spinal nerves near the rodent lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In a chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy model, mSYMPX attenuated pain behaviors via DRG macrophages and the anti-inflammatory actions of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and its receptor TGF-βR1. Here, we examined the role of TGF-β in sympathetic-mediated radiculopathy produced by local inflammation of the DRG (LID). Mice showed mechanical hypersensitivity and transcriptional and protein upregulation of TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1 three days after LID. Microsympathectomy prevented mechanical hypersensitivity and further upregulated Tgfb1 and Tgfbr1. Intrathecal delivery of TGF-β1 rapidly relieved the LID-induced mechanical hypersensitivity, and TGF-βR1 antagonists rapidly unmasked the mechanical hypersensitivity after LID+mSYMPX. In situ hybridization showed that Tgfb1 was largely expressed in DRG macrophages, and Tgfbr1 in neurons. We suggest that TGF-β signaling is a general underlying mechanism of local sympathetic blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Denardin Lückemeyer
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Wenrui Xie
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Arthur Silveira Prudente
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Katherine A Qualls
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Raquel Tonello
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Judith A Strong
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Temugin Berta
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Jun-Ming Zhang
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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Ahmadi B, Ramezani Ahmadi A, Jafari M, Morshedzadeh N. The association of dietary phytochemical index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4010-4019. [PMID: 37457157 PMCID: PMC10345673 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of phytochemical-rich foods relates to the prevention of chronic diseases. In this study we assessed the dietary phytochemical index (PI) in metabolic parameters, liver enzymes, and severity of fibrosis among nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 patients with NAFLD. Fibrosis-4 index (FLB4), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), FBS, lipids profile, AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT were measured. PI was calculated through the information obtained from a validated semi-quantitative food frequency. Multiple regression models were used to estimate mean difference changes in the evaluated variables associated with various dietary PI. Participants' mean ± SD of age and BMI were 39.23 ± 10.52 and 24.40 ± 2.64, respectively. We found that DPI is inversely associated with serum TG, TC, and LDL-C and directly associated with serum HDL-C and a higher score in DPI is associated with lower scores in NFS and FIB-4. Multivariate linear regression showed that there is an inverse association between DPI and AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, NFS, and FIB-4. Higher dietary PI could impact on reduction of NAFLD progression and improvement of metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Ahmadi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | | - Mohamadreza Jafari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Nava Morshedzadeh
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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张 钰, 涂 星, 张 燕, 文 德, 赵 方, 袁 林, 李 文. [Anti-inflammatory mechanism of Balanophora involucrata: a network pharmacology and molecular docking-based analysis and verification in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:383-392. [PMID: 37087582 PMCID: PMC10122734 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the main chemical constituents of Balanophora involucrata and the mechanism of its antiinflammatory effect based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. METHODS Literature reports, Materia Medica, GeneCards and other databases were searched for anti-inflammatory compounds and their targets. String database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software were used to obtain the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the drug-active ingredienttargets network and for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking was performed using Auto Dock Tools 1.5.6. In an inflammatory RAW264.7 cell model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the effect of 25, 50, 100, 200 μg/mL Balanophora involucrata extract was tested on the production of inflammatory cytokines and phosphorylation level of PI3K and Akt using ELISA and Western blotting. RESULTS A total of 318 common targets of drugs and diseases were identified, and the core targets were Src, HSP90AA1 and PIK3CA, involving cancer, PI3K/Akt, MAPK and other signaling pathways as shown by KEGG analysis. Molecular docking showed that both the main active constituents of Balanophora involucrata could spontaneously bind to the core targets. In the inflammatory cell model, treatment with Balanophora involucrata extract significantly inhibited the production of IL-1β at the concentrations of 100 and 200 μg/mL, reduced IL-6 and TNF-α expressions at the concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL, and lowered phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt proteins at the concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The anti-inflammatory mechanism of Balanophora involucrata involves multiple targets and multiple pathways, and its effect is mediated possibly by reducing IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α production and inhibiting phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt proteins to suppress the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 钰 张
- 风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室(湖北民族大学),湖北 恩施 445000Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- 湖北民族大学医学部,湖北 恩施 445000School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - 星 涂
- 风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室(湖北民族大学),湖北 恩施 445000Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- 武陵山中药材检验检测中心,湖北 恩施 445000Chinese Medicinal Materials Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Wenter in Wuling Mountainous Area, Enshi 445000, China
| | - 燕 张
- 湖北民族大学医学部,湖北 恩施 445000School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - 德鉴 文
- 风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室(湖北民族大学),湖北 恩施 445000Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- 武陵山中药材检验检测中心,湖北 恩施 445000Chinese Medicinal Materials Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Wenter in Wuling Mountainous Area, Enshi 445000, China
| | - 方毓 赵
- 湖北民族大学医学部,湖北 恩施 445000School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - 林 袁
- 风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室(湖北民族大学),湖北 恩施 445000Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- 湖北民族大学医学部,湖北 恩施 445000School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - 文慧 李
- 湖北民族大学医学部,湖北 恩施 445000School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
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Park J, Farmer M, Casson C, Kalashnikova I, Kolpek D. Therapeutic Potential of Combinative shRNA-Encoded Lentivirus-Mediated Gene Silencing to Accelerate Somatosensory Recovery After Spinal Cord Trauma. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:564-577. [PMID: 36401079 PMCID: PMC10121969 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a difficult problem that affects more than 80% of SCI patients. Growing evidence indicates that neuroinflammatory responses play a key role in neuropathic pain after SCI. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference is an efficient tool for the knockdown of disease-related specific gene expression after SCI, yet insufficient data is available to establish guidelines. In this study, we have constructed the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) shRNA encoded-lentiviral vector (LV-shTRPA1) and P38 MAPK shRNA encoded-lentiviral vector (LV-shP38) to investigate the silencing effects of shRNAs and their ability to reprogram the neuroinflammatory responses, thereby enhancing somatosensory recovery after SCI. Our in vitro data employing HEK293-FT and activated macrophages demonstrated that delivered LV-shRNAs showed high transduction efficacy with no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, a combination of LV-shP38 and LV-shTRPA1 was found to be most effective at suppressing target genes, cutting the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-nociceptive factors in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia, thus contributing to the alleviation of neuronal hypersensitivities after SCI. Overall, our data demonstrated that the combination LV-shP38/shTRPA1 produced a synergistic effect for immunomodulation and reduced neuropathic pain with a favorable risk-to-benefit ratio. Collectively, our LV-mediated shRNA delivery will provide an efficient tool for gene silencing therapeutic approaches to treat various incurable disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyuck Park
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
| | - Matthew Farmer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Camara Casson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Irina Kalashnikova
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Daniel Kolpek
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
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Zhang FM, Wang B, Hu H, Zhang YY, Chen HH, Jiang ZJ, Zeng MX, Liu XJ. Transcriptional profiles of TGF-β superfamily members in the lumbar DRGs and the effects of activins A and C on inflammatory pain in rats. J Physiol Biochem 2023:10.1007/s13105-022-00943-z. [PMID: 36696051 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Signaling by the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily is necessary for proper neural development and is involved in pain processing under both physiological and pathological conditions. Sensory neurons that reside in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) initially begin to perceive noxious signaling from their innervating peripheral target tissues and further convey pain signaling to the central nervous system. However, the transcriptional profile of the TGF-β superfamily members in DRGs during chronic inflammatory pain remains elusive. We developed a custom microarray to screen for transcriptional changes in members of the TGF-β superfamily in lumbar DRGs of rats with chronic inflammatory pain and found that the transcription of the TGF-β superfamily members tends to be downregulated. Among them, signaling of the activin/inhibin and bone morphogenetic protein/growth and differentiation factor (BMP/GDF) families dramatically decreased. In addition, peripherally pre-local administration of activins A and C worsened formalin-induced acute inflammatory pain, whereas activin C, but not activin A, improved formalin-induced persistent inflammatory pain by inhibiting the activation of astrocytes. This is the first report of the TGF-β superfamily transcriptional profiles in lumbar DRGs under chronic inflammatory pain conditions, in which transcriptional changes in cytokines or pathway components were found to contribute to, or be involved in, inflammatory pain processing. Our data will provide more targets for pain research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 226001, Nantong, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Hao-Hao Chen
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zuo-Jie Jiang
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mei-Xing Zeng
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xing-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 226001, Nantong, China.
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China.
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Zhang FM, Wang B, Hu H, Li QY, Chen HH, Luo LT, Jiang ZJ, Zeng MX, Liu XJ. Transcriptional Profiling of TGF-β Superfamily Members in Lumbar DRGs of Rats Following Sciatic Nerve Axotomy and Activin C Inhibits Neuropathic Pain. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:375-388. [PMID: 36201267 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666221006114557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and cytokines play critical roles in neuropathic pain and axon degeneration/regeneration. Cytokines of transforming growth factor-β superfamily have implications in pain and injured nerve repair processing. However, the transcriptional profiles of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily members in dorsal root ganglia under neuropathic pain and axon degeneration/regeneration conditions remain elusive. OBJECTIVE We aimed to plot the transcriptional profiles of transforming growth factor-β superfamily components in lumbar dorsal root ganglia of sciatic nerve-axotomized rats and to further verify the profiles by testing the analgesic effect of activin C, a representative cytokine, on neuropathic pain. METHODS Adult male rats were axotomized in sciatic nerves, and lumbar dorsal root ganglia were isolated for total RNA extraction or section. A custom microarray was developed and employed to plot the gene expression profiles of transforming growth factor-β superfamily components. Realtime RT-PCR was used to confirm changes in the expression of activin/inhibin family genes, and then in situ hybridization was performed to determine the cellular locations of inhibin α, activin βC, BMP-5 and GDF-9 mRNAs. The rat spared nerve injury model was performed, and a pain test was employed to determine the effect of activin C on neuropathic pain. RESULTS The expression of transforming growth factor-β superfamily cytokines and their signaling, including some receptors and signaling adaptors, were robustly upregulated. Activin βC subunit mRNAs were expressed in the small-diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons and upregulated after axotomy. Single intrathecal injection of activin C inhibited neuropathic pain in spared nerve injury model. CONCLUSION This is the first report to investigate the transcriptional profiles of members of transforming growth factor-β superfamily in axotomized dorsal root ganglia. The distinct cytokine profiles observed here might provide clues toward further study of the role of transforming growth factor-β superfamily in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and axon degeneration/regeneration after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qing-Yi Li
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Hao-Hao Chen
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Li-Ting Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Zuo-Jie Jiang
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Mei-Xing Zeng
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Xing-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
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10
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Chen YL, Feng XL, Cheung CW, Liu JA. Mode of action of astrocytes in pain: From the spinal cord to the brain. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 219:102365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Astrocytes in Chronic Pain: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Neurosci Bull 2022; 39:425-439. [PMID: 36376699 PMCID: PMC10043112 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractChronic pain is challenging to treat due to the limited therapeutic options and adverse side-effects of therapies. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system and play important roles in different pathological conditions, including chronic pain. Astrocytes regulate nociceptive synaptic transmission and network function via neuron–glia and glia–glia interactions to exaggerate pain signals under chronic pain conditions. It is also becoming clear that astrocytes play active roles in brain regions important for the emotional and memory-related aspects of chronic pain. Therefore, this review presents our current understanding of the roles of astrocytes in chronic pain, how they regulate nociceptive responses, and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action.
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12
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Liu Y, Yang G, Cui W, Zhang Y, Liang X. Regulatory mechanisms of tetramethylpyrazine on central nervous system diseases: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:948600. [PMID: 36133805 PMCID: PMC9483103 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.948600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases can lead to motor, sensory, speech, cognitive dysfunction, and sometimes even death. These diseases are recognized to cause a substantial socio-economic impact on a global scale. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is one of the main active ingredients extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Ligusticum striatum DC. (Chuan Xiong). Many in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that TMP has a certain role in the treatment of CNS diseases through inhibiting calcium ion overload and glutamate excitotoxicity, anti-oxidative/nitrification stress, mitigating inflammatory response, anti-apoptosis, protecting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and facilitating synaptic plasticity. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of action of TMP on ischemic cerebrovascular disease, spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive impairments, migraine, and depression. Our review will provide new insights into the clinical applications of TMP and the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunling Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunling Zhang, ; Xiao Liang,
| | - Xiao Liang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunling Zhang, ; Xiao Liang,
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13
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Tan LJ, Yu Y, Fang ZH, Zhang JL, Huang HL, Liu HJ. Potential Molecular Mechanism of Guishao Pingchan Recipe in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221118486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the potential mechanism of Guishao Pingchan Recipe (GPR) against Parkinson's disease (PD) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: The main components of GPR were collected based on TCMSP database, Batman-TCM database, Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and Literatures. The potential therapeutic targets of PD were predicted by Drug Bank Database and Gene Cards database. Cytoscape 3.8.2 software was used to construct herb–component–target network. Then, String database was used to construct a PPI network, and DAVID database was used for gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation of targets function. Core components of GPR and hub targets were imported into AutoDock Vina for molecular docking verification and results were visualized by Pymol. Results: 13 candidate components were selected and 288 corresponding targets of GPR for treating PD were obtained. The GO enrichment analysis mainly involved 135 cell components, 187 molecular functions, and 1753 biological processes. Moreover, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis mainly involved 200 signaling pathways. Molecular docking simulation indicated a good binding ability of components and targets. Conclusion: Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, we found that sitosterol, 4-Cholesten-3-one and stigmasterol in GPR could combine with MAPK3, APP, VEGFA, and CXCR4 and involved in the cAMP, PI3K/Akt, Rap1 signaling pathways. It is suggested that GPR may have therapeutic effects on PD through multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway and predict the relevant mechanism of the anti-PD effect of GPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yu
- In Station Post-doctorate, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ze-Hai Fang
- School of Nursing, Zibo Vocational Institute, Zibo, China
| | - Jiong-Lu Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Liang Huang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hong-Jie Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Wang YH, Gao X, Tang YR, Chen FQ, Yu Y, Sun MJ, Li Y. Resolvin D1 alleviates mechanical allodynia via ALX/FPR2 receptor targeted NLRP3/ERK signaling in a neuropathic pain model. Neuroscience 2022; 494:12-24. [PMID: 35487301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of Resolvin D1 (RvD1) alleviating spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic pain (NP) and its interplay with regulatory cascades of NLRP3 inflammasome. Sprague-Dawley male rat model of SNL-stimulated NP was established, which were pre-treated with different doses of RvD1, WRW4 (ALX/FPR2 inhibitor) or U0126 (ERK inhibitor) for three successive days following the operation. Pain behavior was assessed by measuring changes in the mechanical sensitivity of the hind paws during an observation period of 7 consecutive days. The spinal cord (SC) and dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) tissues were collected on postoperative day 7. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot were performed to determine the expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome complex, ALX/FPR2 receptor and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK). The pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β and IL-18) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that RvD1 could alleviate mechanical allodynia significantly in the SNL-induced NP rat model. Also, RvD1 inhibited the expression of p-ERK, the NLRP3 inflammasomes complex and its corresponding downstream pro-inflammatory mediators which were significantly enhanced in the SC and DRGs of the rat of SNL model. While these changes were partially reversed by pre-administration of WRW4 and further strengthened by co-treated with U0126. Our results suggest that RvD1 dependent on ALX/FPR2 may have an analgesic and anti-inflammatory influence on SNL-induced NP driven by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome via ERK signaling pathway. These data also provide strong support for the recent modulation of neuro-inflammatory priming and highlight the potential for specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) as novel therapeutic avenues for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hao Wang
- Department of Pain Management, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong Province 266011, China; Department of Pain Management, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Xiao Gao
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao University, Shandong Province 266034, China
| | - Yu-Ru Tang
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao University, Shandong Province 266034, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pain Management, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong Province 266011, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Pain Management, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong Province 266011, China
| | - Ming-Jie Sun
- Department of Pain Management, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong Province 266011, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Province 266003, China.
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15
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Incubated HA-Rich Sponge Matrix Implant Modulates Oxidative Stress to Enhance VEGF and TGF-β Secretions for Extracellular Matrix Reconstruction In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9355692. [PMID: 35082971 PMCID: PMC8786469 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9355692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrated both adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in vitro and in vivo combined with three-dimensional (3D) porous sponge matrices on implant wound healing. Sponge matrices were created from hyaluronic acid (HA), collagen (Col), and gelatin (Gel), constructing two types: HA-L (low content) and HA-H (high content), to be cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method verified carboxyl groups of HA and amino groups of Col and Gel reacting between the raw materials and scaffolds to identify the successive cross-linking. The swelling ratios of two types of sponge matrices were analyzed by water absorption capabilities, and the results displayed both over 30-fold dry scaffold weight enhancements. In biodegradation tests, matrices were hydrolyzed over time by three cutaneous enzymes, hyaluronidase, lysozyme, and collagenase I. ASCs from rats were cultured within the HA-H scaffold, demonstrating higher antioxidative abilities and secretions on related genes and proteins compared to the other two groups. The ASC HA-H matrix promoted cell proliferation to stimulate capillary angiogenesis inducer secretions, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). In vivo histological examinations showed ASCs from implanted HA-H implant transported into the subcutis, and rat skin cells also infiltrated into the original matrix zone to increase the extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstructions. Our experimental data revealed that the ASC HA-H sponge implant was effective in improving wound repair.
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16
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Fidilio A, Grasso M, Turnaturi R, Caruso G, Spitale FM, Vicario N, Parenti R, Spoto S, Musso N, Marrazzo A, Chiechio S, Caraci F, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C. The Multimodal MOPr/DOPr Agonist LP2 Reduces Allodynia in Chronic Constriction Injured Rats by Rescue of TGF-β1 Signalling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:749365. [PMID: 34690781 PMCID: PMC8526862 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.749365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is one of the most disabling forms of chronic pain and it is characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia linked to an aberrant processing of pain transmission and to neuroinflammation. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, which protects against neuroinflammation. It has been demonstrated that TGF-β1 and opioid receptors signalling crosstalk results in an improvement of endogenous opioid analgesia, but it is not known whether mu opioid peptide receptor (MOPr) or delta opioid peptide receptor (DOPr) agonists can positively modulate TGF-β1 pathway. In the present study, we examined the correlation between anti-allodynic effect of LP2, a dual-target MOPr/DOPr agonist, and TGF-β1 signalling in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model. We detected a significant decrease of active TGF-β1 and of its type II receptor TGFβ-R2 levels in the spinal cord from CCI rats and a selective deficit of TGF-β1 in microglia cells both at days 11 and 21 post-ligature, as assessed by immunofluorescence analysis. LP2, when administered from the 11 days post-ligature to 21 days, was able to reduce CCI-induced mechanical allodynia by rescue of TGF-β1 and TGFβ-R2 levels. Our data suggest that the rescue of TGF-β1 signalling by dual-target MOPr/DOPr agonist LP2 could be mediated by DOPr activation in spinal microglia, thus the dual-target approach could represent a novel pharmacological approach to increase the analgesic efficacy of MOPr agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Fidilio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Grasso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Maria Spitale
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Vicario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Spoto
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Santina Chiechio
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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17
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Wen ZH, Huang SY, Kuo HM, Chen CT, Chen NF, Chen WF, Tsui KH, Liu HT, Sung CS. Fumagillin Attenuates Spinal Angiogenesis, Neuroinflammation, and Pain in Neuropathic Rats after Chronic Constriction Injury. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091187. [PMID: 34572376 PMCID: PMC8470034 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Angiogenesis in the central nervous system is visible in animal models of neuroinflammation and bone cancer pain. However, whether spinal angiogenesis exists and contributes to central sensitization in neuropathic pain remains unclear. This study analyzes the impact of angiogenesis on spinal neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain. Methods: Rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI) to the sciatic nerve underwent the implantation of an intrathecal catheter. Fumagillin or vascular endothelial growth factor-A antibody (anti-VEGF-A) was administered intrathecally. Nociceptive behaviors, cytokine immunoassay, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analysis assessed the effect of angiogenesis inhibition on CCI-induced neuropathic pain. Results: VEGF, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), and von Willebrand factor (vWF) expressions increased after CCI in the ipsilateral lumbar spinal cord compared to that in the contralateral side of CCI and control rats from post-operative day (POD) 7 to 28, with a peak at POD 14. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 concentrations, but not IL-10 levels, also increased in the ipsilateral spinal cord after CCI. Fumagillin and anti-VEGF-A reduced CCI-induced thermal hyperalgesia from POD 5 to 14 and mechanical allodynia from POD 3 to 14. Fumagillin reduced CCI-upregulated expressions of angiogenic factors and astrocytes. Furthermore, fumagillin decreased TNF-α and IL-6 amounts and increased IL-10 levels at POD 7 and 14, but not IL-1β concentrations. Conclusions: Fumagillin significantly ameliorates CCI-induced nociceptive sensitization, spinal angiogenesis, and astrocyte activation. Our results suggest that angiogenesis inhibitor treatment suppresses peripheral neuropathy-induced central angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, astrocyte activation, and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan; (Z.-H.W.); (H.-M.K.); (C.-T.C.); (W.-F.C.)
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ying Huang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan; (Z.-H.W.); (H.-M.K.); (C.-T.C.); (W.-F.C.)
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ting Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan; (Z.-H.W.); (H.-M.K.); (C.-T.C.); (W.-F.C.)
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802301, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan; (Z.-H.W.); (H.-M.K.); (C.-T.C.); (W.-F.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hao Tsui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tzu Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970473, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Sung Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Management, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-2-2875-7549; Fax: +886-2-2875-1597
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18
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Visseq A, Descheemaeker A, Hérault K, Giraud F, Abrunhosa-Thomas I, Artola A, Anizon F, Dallel R, Moreau P. Improved potency of pyridin-2(1H)one derivatives for the treatment of mechanical allodynia. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113748. [PMID: 34392191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical allodynia, a painful sensation caused by innocuous touch, is a major chronic pain symptom, which often remains without an effective treatment. There is thus a need for new anti-allodynic treatments based on new drug classes. We recently synthetized new 3,5-disubstituted pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives. By substituting the pyridinone at the 3-position by various aryl/heteroaryl moieties and at the 5-position by a phenylamino group, we discovered that some derivatives exhibited a strong anti-allodynic potency in rats. Here, we report that varying the substitution of the pyridinone 5-position, the 3-position being substituted by an indol-4-yl moiety, further improves such anti-allodynic potency. Compared with 2, one of the two most active compounds of the first series, eleven out of nineteen newly synthetized compounds showed higher anti-allodynic potency, with two of them completely preventing mechanical allodynia. In the first series, hit compounds 1 and 2 appeared to be inhibitors of p38α MAPK, a protein kinase known to underlie pain hypersensitivity in animal models. Depending on the substitution at the 5-position, some newly synthetized compounds were also stronger p38α MAPK inhibitors. Surprisingly, though, anti-allodynic effects and p38α MAPK inhibitory potencies were not correlated, suggesting that other biological target(s) is/are involved in the analgesic activity in this series. Altogether, these results confirm that 3,5-disubstituted pyridine-2(1H)-one derivatives are of high interest for the development of new treatment of mechanical allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Visseq
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Amélie Descheemaeker
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Karine Hérault
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Francis Giraud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Isabelle Abrunhosa-Thomas
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Alain Artola
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Fabrice Anizon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Radhouane Dallel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Pascale Moreau
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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19
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Hammond BP, Manek R, Kerr BJ, Macauley MS, Plemel JR. Regulation of microglia population dynamics throughout development, health, and disease. Glia 2021; 69:2771-2797. [PMID: 34115410 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic expansions and contractions of the microglia population in the central nervous system (CNS) to achieve homeostasis are likely vital for their function. Microglia respond to injury or disease but also help guide neurodevelopment, modulate neural circuitry throughout life, and direct regeneration. Throughout these processes, microglia density changes, as does the volume of area that each microglia surveys. Given that microglia are responsible for sensing subtle alterations to their environment, a change in their density could affect their capacity to mobilize rapidly. In this review, we attempt to synthesize the current literature on the ligands and conditions that promote microglial proliferation across development, adulthood, and neurodegenerative conditions. Microglia display an impressive proliferative capacity during development and in neurodegenerative diseases that is almost completely absent at homeostasis. However, the appropriate function of microglia in each state is critically dependent on density fluctuations that are primarily induced by proliferation. Proliferation is a natural microglial response to insult and often serves neuroprotective functions. In contrast, inappropriate microglial proliferation, whether too much or too little, often precipitates undesirable consequences for nervous system health. Thus, fluctuations in the microglia population are tightly regulated to ensure these immune cells can execute their diverse functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady P Hammond
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rupali Manek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bradley J Kerr
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason R Plemel
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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20
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Ye G, Lin C, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Chen Y, Kong L, Yuan L, Ma T. Quercetin Alleviates Neuropathic Pain in the Rat CCI Model by Mediating AMPK/MAPK Pathway. J Pain Res 2021; 14:1289-1301. [PMID: 34040433 PMCID: PMC8141401 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s298727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Quercetin (que) is one abundant flavonol with a variety of biological activities. Previous studies have shown quercetin can reduce neuropathic pain in rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI). Objective To evaluate the effects of quercetin on neuropathic pain in CCI model and explore its underlying mechanism in vivo. Materials and Methods CCI model was established by ligating the sciatic nerve of right leg on the SD rats. They were divided into ten groups: sham group, CCI model, sham+ que, CCI+ que group (30, 60, 120 mg/kg), CCI+ AICAR, CCI+ que+ compound C, CCI+etoricoxib, and the control group. They were administered for 28 days, and were performed the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) during the experiment. At the end of the experiment, sciatic nerves and spinal cord segments of rats were collected, ELISA detected the expression of inflammatory factors, detected the microglia and astrocytes with fluorescence, and Western blot detected AMPK/MAPK pathway. Results Que could increase the MWT of CCI rats, improve the TWL of plantar, and reduce the inflammatory cells at the ligation site of the sciatic nerve. Also, que could reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Western blotting results showed that p-38 MAPK, p-ERK, and p-JNK were activated in the spinal dorsal horn of CCI model group. After treatment with que and AMPK agonists, the phosphorylation levels of related proteins were inhibited. In addition, the analgesic effect of que was abolished when the AMPK inhibitor was added. Discussion and Conclusion Quercetin alleviated the inflammatory response of sciatic nerve and spinal dorsal horn in rats induced by CCI. Quercetin alleviates neuralgia in CCI rats by activating AMPK pathway and inhibiting MAPK pathway and its downstream targets, p-38, p-ERK, and p-JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Ma
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuebo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingsi Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
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21
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Hsiao MY, Wu YW, Chen WS, Lin YL, Kuo PL, Wu CH. Pathogenic Hydrogel? A Novel-Entrapment Neuropathy Model Induced by Ultrasound-Guided Perineural Injections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073494. [PMID: 33800600 PMCID: PMC8036453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Entrapment neuropathy (EN) is a prevalent and debilitative condition caused by a complex pathogenesis that involves a chronic compression–edema–ischemia cascade and perineural adhesion that results in excessive shear stress during motion. Despite decades of research, an easily accessible and surgery-free animal model mimicking the mixed etiology is currently lacking, thus limiting our understanding of the disease and the development of effective therapies. In this proof-of-concept study, we used ultrasound-guided perineural injection of a methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-Poly(lactide-co-glycoilide) carboxylic acid (mPEG-PLGA-BOX) hydrogel near the rat’s sciatic nerve to induce EN, as confirmed sonographically, electrophysiologically, and histologically. The nerve that was injected with hydrogel appeared unevenly contoured and swollen proximally with slowed nerve conduction velocities across the injected segments, thus showing the compressive features of EN. Histology showed perineural cellular infiltration, deposition of irregular collagen fibers, and a possible early demyelination process, thus indicating the existence of adhesions. The novel method provides a surgery-free and cost-effective way to establish a small-animal model of EN that has mixed compression and adhesion features, thus facilitating the additional elucidation of the pathophysiology of EN and the search for promising treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Hsiao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (M.-Y.H.); (W.-S.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (Y.-W.W.); (P.L.-K.)
| | - Ya-Wen Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (Y.-W.W.); (P.L.-K.)
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (M.-Y.H.); (W.-S.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (Y.-W.W.); (P.L.-K.)
| | - Yu-Ling Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (M.-Y.H.); (W.-S.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (Y.-W.W.); (P.L.-K.)
| | - Po-Ling Kuo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (Y.-W.W.); (P.L.-K.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chueh-Hung Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (M.-Y.H.); (W.-S.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan; (Y.-W.W.); (P.L.-K.)
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu 302058, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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22
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Guo W, Vandoorne T, Steyaert J, Staats KA, Van Den Bosch L. The multifaceted role of kinases in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: genetic, pathological and therapeutic implications. Brain 2021; 143:1651-1673. [PMID: 32206784 PMCID: PMC7296858 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common degenerative disorder of motor neurons in adults. As there is no cure, thousands of individuals who are alive at present will succumb to the disease. In recent years, numerous causative genes and risk factors for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have been identified. Several of the recently identified genes encode kinases. In addition, the hypothesis that (de)phosphorylation processes drive the disease process resulting in selective motor neuron degeneration in different disease variants has been postulated. We re-evaluate the evidence for this hypothesis based on recent findings and discuss the multiple roles of kinases in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis. We propose that kinases could represent promising therapeutic targets. Mainly due to the comprehensive regulation of kinases, however, a better understanding of the disturbances in the kinome network in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is needed to properly target specific kinases in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Guo
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven-Stem Cell Institute (SCIL), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tijs Vandoorne
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Steyaert
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim A Staats
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Huang Y, Lu Y, Zhao X, Zhang J, Zhang F, Chen Y, Bi L, Gu J, Jiang Z, Wu X, Li Q, Liu Y, Shen J, Liu X. Cytokine activin C ameliorates chronic neuropathic pain in peripheral nerve injury rodents by modulating the TRPV1 channel. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5642-5657. [PMID: 33095918 PMCID: PMC7707095 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The cytokine activin C is mainly expressed in small-diameter dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and suppresses inflammatory pain. However, the effects of activin C in neuropathic pain remain elusive. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male rats and wild-type and TRPV1 knockout mice with peripheral nerve injury - sciatic nerve axotomy and spinal nerve ligation in rats; chronic constriction injury (CCI) in mice - provided models of chronic neuropathic pain. Ipsilateral lumbar (L)4-5 DRGs were assayed for activin C expression. Chronic neuropathic pain animals were treated with intrathecal or locally pre-administered activin C or the vehicle. Nociceptive behaviours and pain-related markers in L4-5 DRGs and spinal cord were evaluated. TRPV1 channel modulation by activin C was measured. KEY RESULTS Following peripheral nerve injury, expression of activin βC subunit mRNA and activin C protein was markedly up-regulated in L4-5 DRGs of animals with axotomy, SNL or CCI. [Correction added on 26 November 2020, after first online publication: The preceding sentence has been corrected in this current version.] Intrathecal activin C dose-dependently inhibited neuropathic pain in spinal nerve ligated rats. Local pre-administration of activin C decreased neuropathic pain, macrophage infiltration into ipsilateral L4-5 DRGs and microglial reaction in L4-5 spinal cords of mice with CCI. In rat DRG neurons, activin C enhanced capsaicin-induced TRPV1 currents. Pre-treatment with activin C reduced capsaicin-evoked acute hyperalgesia and normalized capsaicin-evoked persistent hypothermia in mice. Finally, the analgesic effect of activin C was abolished in TRPV1 knockout mice with CCI. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Activin C inhibits neuropathic pain by modulating TRPV1 channels, revealing potential analgesic applications in chronic neuropathic pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Kun Huang
- School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongChina
- Pain and Related Diseases Research LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yu‐Gang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of GeriatricsRenji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing‐Bing Zhang
- Pain and Related Diseases Research LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | | | - Yong Chen
- School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Ling‐Bo Bi
- School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jia‐Hui Gu
- School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zuo‐Jie Jiang
- Pain and Related Diseases Research LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Xiao‐Man Wu
- Pain and Related Diseases Research LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Qing‐Yi Li
- Pain and Related Diseases Research LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jian‐Xin Shen
- Pain and Related Diseases Research LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Xing‐Jun Liu
- School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongChina
- Pain and Related Diseases Research LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
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24
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Peng C, Chen XT, Xu H, Chen LP, Shen W. Role of the CXCR4/ALK5/Smad3 Signaling Pathway in Cancer-Induced Bone Pain. J Pain Res 2020; 13:2567-2576. [PMID: 33116799 PMCID: PMC7569080 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s260508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The chemokine receptor, CXCR4, and the transforming growth factor-beta receptor, ALK5, both contribute to various processes associated with the sensation of pain. However, the relationship between CXCR4 and ALK5 and the possible mechanisms promoted by ALK5 in the development of pain have not been evaluated. Materials and Methods Tumor cell implantation (TCI) technology was used to generate a model of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) in rats; intrathecal (i.t.) injections of small interfering (si) RNAs targeting CXCR4 and the ALK5-specific inhibitor, RepSox, were performed. Behavioral outcomes, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence techniques were used to evaluate the expression of the aforementioned specific target proteins in the CIBP model. Results The results revealed that i.t. administration of siRNAs targeting CXCR4 resulted in significant reductions in both mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rats with CIBP and likewise significantly reduced the expression of ALK5 in the spinal cord. Similarly, i.t. administration of RepSox also resulted in significant reductions in mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rats with CIBP together with diminished levels of spinal p-Smad3. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that CXCR4 expression in the spinal cord may be a critical mediator of CIBP via its capacity to activate ALK5 and downstream signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Peng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Tai Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Chen
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Shen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, People's Republic of China
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25
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Pretreatment with AM1241 Enhances the Analgesic Effect of Intrathecally Administrated Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7025473. [PMID: 31611918 PMCID: PMC6755285 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7025473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have cannabinoid (CB) receptors type 1 and type 2 and can alleviate a variety of neuropathic pains, including chronic constriction injury (CCI). A selective CB2 receptor agonist is AM1241. In the present study, it was found that mice with CCI displayed a longer duration of mechanical and thermal analgesia when intrathecally (i.t.) injected with AM1241-treated mesenchymal stem cells, compared to those injected with untreated mesenchymal stem cells or AM1241 alone. Moreover, CCI-induced upregulation of the phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) was inhibited following i.t. injection of AM1241-treated mesenchymal stem cells and this inhibition was noticeably higher compared to injection with untreated mesenchymal stem cells. The expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was also analyzed in the dorsal root ganglion (DRGs) and spinal cord of CCI mice. In untreated CCI mice, expression of TGF-β1 was increased, whereas pretreatment with AM1241-treated mesenchymal stem cells regulated the expression of TGF-β1 on 10 days and 19 days after surgery. In addition, i.t. injection of exogenous TGF-β1 slightly alleviated neuropathic pain whilst neutralization of TGF-β1 potently blocked the effect of AM1241-treated mesenchymal stem cells on thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia of CCI mice. In an in vitro experiment, AM1241 could enhance the release of TGF-β1 in the supernatant of BMSCs after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) simulation. Taken together, the findings of the current study show that i.t. administration of AM1241-treated mesenchymal stem cells has a positive effect on analgesia and that TGF-β1 and p-ERK1/2 may be the molecular signaling pathway involved in this process.
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26
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Yang Y, Shi Y, Jia J, Wang S, Chang H, Li M, Jin X, Wang J. Propentofylline reduces mechanical allodynia and induces mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1: An experimental study in a rat model of acute incisional pain. Neurol Res 2019; 41:900-908. [PMID: 31402773 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1642437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women and Children’s Health Care Hospital of Linyi, Linyi city, China
| | - Yisa Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou city, China
| | - Juan Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou city, China
| | - Shenghong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou city, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou city, China
| | - Mingguo Li
- Department of Urology, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linyi, Linyi city, China
| | - Xu Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou city, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou city, China
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27
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Perturbations in neuroinflammatory pathways are associated with paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer survivors. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 335:577019. [PMID: 31401418 PMCID: PMC6788784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.577019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a common chemotherapy drug associated with the development of chronic paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN). PIPN is associated with neuroinflammatory mechanisms in pre-clinical studies. Here, we evaluated for differential gene expression (DGE) in peripheral blood between breast cancer survivors with and without PIPN and for neuroinflammatory (NI) related signaling pathways and whole-transcriptome profiles from other experiments. Pathway impact analysis identified 8 perturbed NI related pathways. Expression profile analysis found 15 experiments having similar whole-transcriptome profiles of DGE related to neuroinflammation and PIPN. These findings suggest that perturbations in pathways associated with neuroinflammation are found in cancer survivors with PIPN. Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is associated with Paclitaxel treatment Differential gene expression was associated with PIPN in breast cancer survivors. Perturbations of neuroinflammatory-related pathways were identified between survivors. Transcriptome profile was similar to other pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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28
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Alotaibi G, Rahman S. Effects of glial glutamate transporter activator in formalin‐induced pain behaviour in mice. Eur J Pain 2018. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghallab Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota
| | - Shafiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota
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29
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Alotaibi G, Rahman S. Effects of glial glutamate transporter activator in formalin-induced pain behaviour in mice. Eur J Pain 2018; 23:765-783. [PMID: 30427564 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nociceptive pain remains a prevalent clinical problem and often poorly responsive to the currently available analgesics. Previous studies have shown that astroglial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) in the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is critically involved in pain processing and modulation. However, the role of astroglial GLT-1 in nociceptive pain involving the hippocampus and ACC remains unknown. We investigated the role of 3-[[(2-Methylphenyl) methyl]thio]-6-(2-pyridinyl)-pyridazine (LDN-212320), a GLT-1 activator, in nociceptive pain model and hippocampal-dependent behavioural tasks in mice. METHODS We evaluated the effects of LDN-212320 in formalin-induced nociceptive pain model. In addition, formalin-induced impaired hippocampal-dependent behaviours were measured using Y-maze and object recognition test. Furthermore, GLT-1 expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation (pERK1/2) were measured in the hippocampus and ACC using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The LDN-212320 (10 or 20 mg/kg, i.p) significantly attenuated formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour. The antinociceptive effects of LDN-212320 were reversed by systemic administration of DHK (10 mg/kg, i.p), a GLT-1 antagonist. Moreover, LDN-212320 (10 or 20 mg/kg, i.p) significantly reversed formalin-induced impaired hippocampal-dependent behaviour. In addition, LDN-212320 (10 or 20 mg/kg, i.p) increased GLT-1 expressions in the hippocampus and ACC. On the other hand, LDN-212320 (20 mg/kg, i.p) significantly reduced formalin induced-ERK phosphorylation, a marker of nociception, in the hippocampus and ACC. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the GLT-1 activator LDN-212320 prevents nociceptive pain by upregulating astroglial GLT-1 expression in the hippocampus and ACC. Therefore, GLT-1 activator could be a novel drug candidate for nociceptive pain. SIGNIFICANCE The present study provides new insights and evaluates the role of GLT-1 activator in the modulation of nociceptive pain involving hippocampus and ACC. Here, we provide evidence that GLT-1 activator could be a potential therapeutic utility for the treatment of nociceptive pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghallab Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
| | - Shafiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
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30
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Ye J, Yan H, Xia Z. Oxycodone ameliorates the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide in primary microglia. J Pain Res 2018; 11:1199-1207. [PMID: 29950892 PMCID: PMC6018850 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s160659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Activation of microglia participates in a wide range of pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system. Some studies reported that oxycodone (6-deoxy-7,8-dehydro-14-hydroxy-3-O-methyl-6oxomorphine) could inhibit the overactivation of glial cells in rats’ spinal cords. In the present study, we observed the effect of oxycodone on inflammatory molecules and pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated primary microglia in rats. Materials and methods Neonatal rats’ primary microglia were exposed to various concentrations (25, 50, 100 ng/mL) of oxycodone for 1 h after LPS stimulation for 24 h. The levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β1/smad2/3 signaling pathway were measured. The activation situation of microglia and the expression of TβR1 were observed by immunofluorescence. Results Oxycodone at 25 ng/mL did not change the levels of proinflammatory molecules and TGF-β1/smad2/3 signaling pathway in primary microglia, which was increased by LPS. Oxycodone at 50 and 100 ng/mL could significantly suppress LPS-induced production of TNF-α and IL-1β and the expression of TNF-αmRNA, IL-1βmRNA, and TGF-β1/smad2/3 signaling pathway. Conclusion These findings indicate that oxycodone, at relatively high clinically relevant concentration, can inhibit inflammatory response in LPS-induced primary microglia. The detailed mechanism needs to be investigated in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishi Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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31
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Singh AK, Kumar S, Vinayak M. Recent development in antihyperalgesic effect of phytochemicals: anti-inflammatory and neuro-modulatory actions. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:633-654. [PMID: 29767332 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pain is an unpleasant sensation triggered by noxious stimulation. It is one of the most prevalent conditions, limiting productivity and diminishing quality of life. Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used as pain relievers in present day practice as pain is mostly initiated due to inflammation. However, due to potentially serious side effects, long term use of these antihyperalgesic drugs raises concern. Therefore there is a demand to search novel medicines with least side effects. Herbal products have been used for centuries to reduce pain and inflammation, and phytochemicals are known to cause fewer side effects. However, identification of active phytochemicals of herbal medicines and clear understanding of the molecular mechanism of their action is needed for clinical acceptance. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we have briefly discussed the cellular and molecular changes during hyperalgesia via inflammatory mediators and neuro-modulatory action involved therein. The review includes 54 recently reported phytochemicals with antihyperalgesic action, as per the literature available with PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus. CONCLUSION Compounds of high interest as potential antihyperalgesic agents are: curcumin, resveratrol, capsaicin, quercetin, eugenol, naringenin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Current knowledge about molecular targets of pain and their regulation by these phytochemicals is elaborated and the scope of further research is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.,Department of Zoology, CMP Degree College, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Manjula Vinayak
- Department of Zoology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Ning C, Wang HMD, Gao R, Chang YC, Hu F, Meng X, Huang SY. Marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors for neuroinflammatory diseases. Biomed Eng Online 2018; 17:46. [PMID: 29690896 PMCID: PMC5916827 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is primarily characterized by overexpression of proinflammatory mediators produced by glial activation or immune cell infiltration. Several kinases have been shown to be critical mediators in neuroinflammation. One of the largest groups of kinases is protein kinases, which have been the second most studied group of drug targets after G-protein-coupled receptors. Thus far, most of the approved kinase inhibitor drugs are adenosine triphosphate-competitive inhibitors with various off-target liabilities because of cross-reactivities; however, marine-derived compounds provide opportunities for discovering allosteric kinase inhibitors. This review summarizes the potential of marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors in the field of neuroinflammatory diseases, such as Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, multiple sclerosis, and pain. The previous studies from 1990 to 2017 in this review have shown that marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors have great potential to elicit anti-neuroinflammatory or neuroprotective responses in in vitro and in vivo models of neuroinflammatory diseases. This suggests that further exploration and investigation of these marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors on neuroinflammatory diseases are warranted. Therefore, this review may inspire further discovery of new protein kinase inhibitors from a marine origin and additional neuroscience studies focusing on these valuable marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Ning
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.,College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, 314006, China.,Jiaxing Deqin Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Zhejiang, 314006, China
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Greenhouse Systems Technology Center, Central Region Campus, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Nantou, 540, Taiwan
| | - Fengqing Hu
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Shi-Ying Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China. .,Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou, 362000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Inshore Resources Biotechnology (Quanzhou Normal University) Fujian Province University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
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Chang CK, Wang HMD, Lan JCW. Investigation and Characterization of Plasma-Treated Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Biopolymers for an In Vitro Cellular Study of Mouse Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E355. [PMID: 30966390 PMCID: PMC6415170 DOI: 10.3390/polym10040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a type of thermoprocessable and biodegradable polyester, which represent a potential sustainable replacement for fossil-fuel synthetic polymers, such as polypropylene and polyethylene. In recent years, copolymers of PHAs, i.e., poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), have received attention for medical and packaging industrial applications, due to their biodegradable, toxic-free, and biocompatible nature. This study investigated and characterized plasma-treated PHB and PHBV films fermented with Ralstonia eutropha H16. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle analyses on the plasma-treated PHB and PHBV film surfaces revealed an increase in the number of functional groups and contact angle degree, respectively, compared to that of the untreated films. In addition, an in vitro experiment of mouse adipose-derived stem cells showed better growth and adhesion of the cells on the surface of plasma-treated PHBV film. Overall, these results reveal that plasma surface modifications are useful in biomaterial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kai Chang
- Biorefinery and Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, No. 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xing-Da Road, South District, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - John Chi-Wei Lan
- Biorefinery and Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, No. 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.
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Wang B, Liu S, Fan B, Xu X, Chen Y, Lu R, Xu Z, Liu X. PKM2 is involved in neuropathic pain by regulating ERK and STAT3 activation in rat spinal cord. J Headache Pain 2018; 19:7. [PMID: 29349661 PMCID: PMC5773456 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-018-0836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pyruvate kinase isozymes M2 (PKM2), as a member of pyruvate kinase family, plays a role of glycolytic enzyme in glucose metabolism. It also functions as protein kinase in cell proliferation, signaling, immunity, and gene transcription. In this study, the role of PKM2 in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) was investigated. Methods Rats were randomly grouped to establish CCI models. PKM2, extracellular regulated protein kinases (EKR), p-ERK, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT3), p-STAT3, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and p-PI3K/AKT proteins expression in spinal cord was examined by Western blot analysis. Cellular location of PKM2 was examined by immunofluorescence. Knockdown of PKM2 was achieved by intrathecal injection of specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). Von Frey filaments and radiant heat tests were performed to determine mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia respectively. Lactate and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents were measured by specific kits. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels were detected by ELISA kits. Results CCI markedly increased PKM2 level in rat spinal cord. Double immunofluorescent staining showed that PKM2 co-localized with neuron, astrocyte, and microglia. Intrathecal injection of PKM2 siRNA not only attenuated CCI-induced ERK and STAT3 activation, but also attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia induced by CCI. However, PKM2 siRNA failed to inhibit the activation of AKT. In addition, PKM2 siRNA significantly suppressed the production of lactate and pro-inflammatory mediators. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that inhibiting PKM2 expression effectively attenuates CCI-induced neuropathic pain and inflammatory responses in rats, possibly through regulating ERK and STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226018, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xingguo Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yonglin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Rongxiang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Zhongling Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 2266001, China.
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Li ZY, Huang Y, Yang YT, Zhang D, Zhao Y, Hong J, Liu J, Wu LJ, Zhang CH, Wu HG, Zhang J, Ma XP. Moxibustion eases chronic inflammatory visceral pain through regulating MEK, ERK and CREB in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:6220-6230. [PMID: 28974888 PMCID: PMC5603488 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i34.6220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) on phosphorylation of mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in spinal cord of rats with chronic inflammatory visceral pain (CIVP), and to explore the central mechanism of HPM in treating CIVP.
METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into normal, model, HPM, sham-HPM, MEK-inhibitor and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) groups. The CIVP model was established using an enema mixture of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and ethanol. HPM was applied at bilateral Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (CV6) acupoints in the HPM group, while in the sham-HPM group, moxa cones and herb cakes were only placed on the same points but not ignited. The MEK-inhibitor and DMSO groups received L5-L6 intrathecal injection of U0126 and 30% DMSO, respectively. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR), mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were applied for the assessment of pain behavior. The colonic tissue was observed under an optical microscope after hematoxylin-eosin staining. Expression of phosphor (p)MEK1, pERK1/2 and pCREB in rat spinal cord was detected using Western blotting. The levels of MEK, ERK and CREB mRNA in rat spinal cord were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS Compared with the normal group, the AWR scores were increased significantly (P < 0.01) and the MWT and TWL scores were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the model, sham-HPM and DMSO groups. Compared with the model group, the AWR scores were decreased significantly (P < 0.01) and the MWT and TWL scores were increased significantly in the HPM and MEK-inhibitor groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-HPM and DMSO groups, the AWR scores were decreased significantly (P < 0.01) and the MWT and TWL scores were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the HPM and MEK-inhibitor groups. Compared with the normal group, the expression of pMEK1, pERK1/2 and pCREB proteins and the levels of MEK, ERK and CREB mRNA in rat spinal cord were increased significantly in the model, sham-HPM and DMSO groups (P < 0.01 or < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression of pMEK1, pERK1/2 and pCREB proteins and the levels of MEK, ERK and CREB mRNA in rat spinal cord were reduced significantly in the HPM and MEK-inhibitor groups (P < 0.01 or < 0.05). Compared with the sham-HPM and DMSO groups, expression of pMEK1, pERK1/2 and pCREB proteins and the levels of MEK, ERK and CREB mRNA in rat spinal cord were reduced significantly in the HPM and MEK-inhibitor groups (P < 0.01 or < 0.05).
CONCLUSION HPM down-regulates protein phosphorylation of MEK1, ERK1/2 and CREB, and mRNA expression of MEK, ERK and CREB, inhibiting activation of the MEK/ERK/CREB signaling pathway in the spinal cord of CIVP rats, which is possibly a critical central mechanism of the analgesic effect of HPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Huangpu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 200010, China
| | - Yan-Ting Yang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jue Hong
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Li-Jie Wu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cui-Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huan-Gan Wu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Ma
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
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Terzi M, Altun G, Şen S, Kocaman A, Kaplan AA, Yurt KK, Kaplan S. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in neurological diseases. J Chem Neuroanat 2017; 87:12-24. [PMID: 28341179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been in use for many years and constitute a large part of prescriptions issued in daily practice. Although NSAIDs are used for many diseases in neurology, they have also been tested as a new therapeutic option for various other diseases. While their effects on headache and cerebrovascular diseases are well known, little is known about their impact on neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the use, effects and safety of NSAIDs in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Terzi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Altun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sedat Şen
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Adem Kocaman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Arife Ahsen Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Kıymet Kübra Yurt
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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