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Li J, Yang M, He D, Luo Z, Li B, Huang X, Wu F, Xie G, Fan C, Sun W, Yu S, Wang L. Genome-wide association study of stem structural characteristics that extracted by a high-throughput phenotypic analysis "LabelmeP rice" in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38860937 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Stem is important for assimilating transport and plant strength; however, less is known about the genetic basis of its structural characteristics. In this study, a high-throughput method, "LabelmeP rice" was developed to generate 14 traits related to stem regions and vascular bundles, which allows the establishment of a stem cross-section phenotype dataset containing anatomical information of 1738 images from hand-cut transections of stems collected from 387 rice germplasm accessions grown over two successive seasons. Then, the phenotypic diversity of the rice accessions was evaluated. Genome-wide association studies identified 94, 83, and 66 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the assayed traits in 2 years and their best linear unbiased estimates, respectively. These SNPs can be integrated into 29 quantitative trait loci (QTL), and 11 of them were common in 2 years, while correlated traits shared 19. In addition, 173 candidate genes were identified, and six located at significant SNPs were repeatedly detected and annotated with a potential function in stem development. By using three introgression lines (chromosome segment substitution lines), four of the 29 QTLs were validated. LOC_Os01g70200, located on the QTL uq1.4, is detected for the area of small vascular bundles (SVB) and the rate of large vascular bundles number to SVB number. Besides, the CRISPR/Cas9 editing approach has elucidated the function of the candidate gene LOC_Os06g46340 in stem development. In conclusion, the results present a time- and cost-effective method that provides convenience for extracting rice stem anatomical traits and the candidate genes/QTL, which would help improve rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mingchong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dandan He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zixuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaojin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fangxi Wu
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fujian, China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuchuan Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenqiang Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sibin Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Liu L, Yahaya BS, Li J, Wu F. Enigmatic role of auxin response factors in plant growth and stress tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1398818. [PMID: 38903418 PMCID: PMC11188990 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1398818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic stresses globally constrain plant growth and impede the optimization of crop productivity. The phytohormone auxin is involved in nearly every aspect of plant development. Auxin acts as a chemical messenger that influences gene expression through a short nuclear pathway, mediated by a family of specific DNA-binding transcription factors known as Auxin Response Factors (ARFs). ARFs thus act as effectors of auxin response and translate chemical signals into the regulation of auxin responsive genes. Since the initial discovery of the first ARF in Arabidopsis, advancements in genetics, biochemistry, genomics, and structural biology have facilitated the development of models elucidating ARF action and their contributions to generating specific auxin responses. Yet, significant gaps persist in our understanding of ARF transcription factors despite these endeavors. Unraveling the functional roles of ARFs in regulating stress response, alongside elucidating their genetic and molecular mechanisms, is still in its nascent phase. Here, we review recent research outcomes on ARFs, detailing their involvement in regulating leaf, flower, and root organogenesis and development, as well as stress responses and their corresponding regulatory mechanisms: including gene expression patterns, functional characterization, transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post- translational regulation across diverse stress conditions. Furthermore, we delineate unresolved questions and forthcoming challenges in ARF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Baba Salifu Yahaya
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengkai Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
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Jiang X, Hong WJ, Lee SK, Jung KH. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Collar Region-Preferential Genes in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2959. [PMID: 37631170 PMCID: PMC10458737 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The collar region plays a crucial role in leaf angle formation and plant architecture, which is important for improving crop yield given the challenges of diminishing arable land and changing environmental conditions. To determine collar region-preferential genes (CRPGs) affecting plant architecture and crop yield, we conducted genome-wide transcriptomic analysis. By integrating our RNA sequencing data with public rice anatomical expression data, we identified 657 CRPGs. Verification involved testing six randomly selected CRPGs, all of which exhibited collar-preferential expression. The functional significance of CRPGs was assessed via Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, utilizing MapMan and KEGG, and literature analysis provided additional information for characterized CRPGs. Our findings revealed links between manipulating leaf angle and phytohormone-related pathways and stress responses. Moreover, based on the CRPGs, five transcription factors downstream of the liguleless 1 (LG1) gene were identified. Overall, the identified CRPGs provide potential targets for further research and breeding applications aimed at improving crop productivity by manipulating leaf architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jiang
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (X.J.); (S.-K.L.)
| | - Woo-Jong Hong
- Department of Smart Farm Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea;
| | - Su-Kyoung Lee
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (X.J.); (S.-K.L.)
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (X.J.); (S.-K.L.)
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Qin L, Wu X, Zhao H. Molecular and functional dissection of LIGULELESS1 (LG1) in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1190004. [PMID: 37377813 PMCID: PMC10291273 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1190004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture is a culmination of the features necessary for capturing light energy and adapting to the environment. An ideal architecture can promote an increase in planting density, light penetration to the lower canopy, airflow as well as heat distribution to achieve an increase in crop yield. A number of plant architecture-related genes have been identified by map cloning, quantitative trait locus (QTL) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis. LIGULELESS1 (LG1) belongs to the squamosa promoter-binding protein (SBP) family of transcription factors (TFs) that are key regulators for plant growth and development, especially leaf angle (LA) and flower development. The DRL1/2-LG1-RAVL pathway is involved in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling to regulate the LA in maize, which has facilitated the regulation of plant architecture. Therefore, exploring the gene regulatory functions of LG1, especially its relationship with LA genes, can help achieve the precise regulation of plant phenotypes adapted to varied environments, thereby increasing the yield. This review comprehensively summarizes the advances in LG1 research, including its effect on LA and flower development. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future research goals associate with LG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomic Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Xintong Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
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Song X, Xiong Y, Kong X, Huang G. Roles of auxin response factors in rice development and stress responses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1075-1086. [PMID: 36397176 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Auxin signalling plays a key role in various developmental processes ranging from embryogenesis to senescence in plants. Auxin response factor (ARF), a key component of auxin signalling, functions by binding to auxin response element within promoter of auxin response genes, activating or repressing the target genes. Increasing evidences show that ARFs are crucial for plant response to stresses. This review summarises the recent advance on the functions and their regulatory pathways of rice ARFs in development and responding to stresses. The importance of OsARFs is demonstrated by their roles in triggering various physiological, biochemical and molecular reactions to resist adverse environmental conditions. We also describe the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of OsARFs, and discuss the major challenges in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Song
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, SJTU-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yali Xiong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, SJTU-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuzhen Kong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, SJTU-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, SJTU-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Li Y, Han S, Qi Y. Advances in structure and function of auxin response factor in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:617-632. [PMID: 36263892 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a crucial phytohormone that has various effects on the regulators of plant growth and development. Auxin signal transduction is mainly controlled by two gene families: auxin response factor (ARF) and auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA). ARFs are plant-specific transcription factors that bind directly to auxin response elements in the promoters of auxin-responsive genes. ARF proteins contain three conserved regions: a conserved N-terminal B3 DNA-binding domain, a variable intermediate middle region domain that functions in activation or repression, and a C-terminal domain including the Phox and Bem1p region for dimerization, similar to the III and IV elements of Aux/IAA, which facilitate protein-protein interaction through homodimerization of ARF proteins or heterodimerization of ARF and Aux/IAA proteins. In the two decades following the identification of the first ARF, 23 ARF members have been identified and characterized in Arabidopsis. Using whole-genome sequencing, 22, 25, 23, 25, and 36 ARF genes have been identified in tomato, rice, wheat, sorghum, and maize, respectively, in addition to which the related biofunctions of some ARFs have been reported. ARFs play crucial roles in regulating the growth and development of roots, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and phytohormone signal crosstalk. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the structures and functions of ARFs in Arabidopsis, tomato, and cereal crops, to provide clues for future basic research on phytohormone signaling and the molecular design breeding of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Shaqila Han
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Yanhua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Gupta A, Bhardwaj M, Tran LSP. Integration of Auxin, Brassinosteroid and Cytokinin in the Regulation of Rice Yield. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1848-1856. [PMID: 36255097 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Crop varieties with a high yield are most desirable in the present context of the ever-growing human population. Mostly, the yield traits are governed by a complex of numerous molecular and genetic facets modulated by various quantitative trait loci (QTLs). With the identification and molecular characterizations of yield-associated QTLs over recent years, the central role of phytohormones in regulating plant yield is becoming more apparent. Most often, different groups of phytohormones work in close association to orchestrate yield attributes. Understanding this cross talk would thus provide new venues for phytohormone pyramiding by editing a single gene or QTL(s) for yield improvement. Here, we review a few important findings to integrate the knowledge on the roles of auxin, brassinosteroid and cytokinin and how a single gene or a QTL could govern cross talk among multiple phytohormones to determine the yield traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Namgu, Pohang-si 37673, South Korea
| | - Mamta Bhardwaj
- Department of Botany, Hindu Girls College, Maharshi Dayanand University, Sonipat 131001, India
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, TX 79409, Vietnam
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Zhang Y, Han S, Lin Y, Qiao J, Han N, Li Y, Feng Y, Li D, Qi Y. Auxin Transporter OsPIN1b, a Novel Regulator of Leaf Inclination in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:409. [PMID: 36679122 PMCID: PMC9861231 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Leaf inclination is one of the most important components of the ideal architecture, which effects yield gain. Leaf inclination was shown that is mainly regulated by brassinosteroid (BR) and auxin signaling. Here, we reveal a novel regulator of leaf inclination, auxin transporter OsPIN1b. Two CRISPR-Cas9 homozygous mutants, ospin1b-1 and ospin1b-2, with smaller leaf inclination compared to the wild-type, Nipponbare (WT/NIP), while overexpression lines, OE-OsPIN1b-1 and OE-OsPIN1b-2 have opposite phenotype. Further cell biological observation showed that in the adaxial region, OE-OsPIN1b-1 has significant bulge compared to WT/NIP and ospin1b-1, indicating that the increase in the adaxial cell division results in the enlarging of the leaf inclination in OE-OsPIN1b-1. The OsPIN1b was localized on the plasma membrane, and the free IAA contents in the lamina joint of ospin1b mutants were significantly increased while they were decreased in OE-OsPIN1b lines, suggesting that OsPIN1b might action an auxin transporter such as AtPIN1 to alter IAA content and leaf inclination. Furthermore, the OsPIN1b expression was induced by exogenous epibrassinolide (24-eBL) and IAA, and ospin1b mutants are insensitive to BR or IAA treatment, indicating that the effecting leaf inclination is regulated by OsPIN1b. This study contributes a new gene resource for molecular design breeding of rice architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Shaqila Han
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiyue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Naren Han
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Yaning Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Dongming Li
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Yanhua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Qiao J, Zhang Y, Han S, Chang S, Gao Z, Qi Y, Qian Q. OsARF4 regulates leaf inclination via auxin and brassinosteroid pathways in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:979033. [PMID: 36247537 PMCID: PMC9561258 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf inclination is a vital agronomic trait and is important for plant architecture that affects photosynthetic efficiency and grain yield. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of leaf inclination, we constructed an auxin response factor (arf) rice mutant-osarf4-showing increased leaf inclination using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. OsARF4 encodes a nuclear protein that is expressed in the lamina joint (LJ) at different developmental stages in rice. Histological analysis indicated that an increase in cell differentiation on the adaxial side resulted in increased leaf inclination in the osarf4 mutants; however, OsARF4-overexpressing lines showed a decrease in leaf inclination, resulting in erect leaves. Additionally, a decrease in the content and distribution of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in osarf4 mutant led to a greater leaf inclination, whereas the OsARF4-overexpressing lines showed the opposite phenotype with increased IAA content. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that the expression of genes related to brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis and response was different in the mutants and overexpressing lines, suggesting that OsARF4 participates in the BR signaling pathway. Moreover, BR sensitivity assay revealed that OsARF4-overexpressing lines were more sensitive to exogenous BR treatment than the mutants. In conclusion, OsARF4, a transcription factor in auxin signaling, participates in leaf inclination regulation and links auxin and BR signaling pathways. Our results provide a novel insight into l leaf inclination regulation, and have significant implications for improving rice architecture and grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - ShaqiLa Han
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Senqiu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Heat Stress Decreases Rice Grain Weight: Evidence and Physiological Mechanisms of Heat Effects Prior to Flowering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810922. [PMID: 36142833 PMCID: PMC9504709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress during the preflowering panicle initiation stage seriously decreases rice grain weight in an invisible way and has not been given enough attention. The current review aims to (i) specify the heat effects on rice grain weight during the panicle initiation stage compared with the most important grain-filling stage; and (ii) discuss the physiological mechanisms of the decreased rice grain weight induced by heat during panicle initiation in terms of assimilate supply and phytohormone regulation, which are key physiological processes directly regulating rice grain weight. We emphasize that the effect of heat during the panicle initiation stage on rice grain weight is more serious than that during the grain-filling stage. Heat stress during the panicle initiation stage induces alterations in endogenous phytohormones, leading to the inhibition of the photosynthesis of functional leaves (source) and the formation of vascular bundles (flow), thus reducing the accumulation and transport of nonstructural carbohydrates and the growth of lemmata and paleae. The disruptions in the “flow” and restrictions in the preanthesis “source” tissue reduce grain size directly and decrease grain plumpness indirectly, resulting in a reduction in the final grain weight, which could be the direct physiological causes of the lower rice grain weight induced by heat during the panicle initiation stage. We highlight the seriousness of preflowering heat stress on rice grain weight, which can be regarded as an invisible disaster. The physiological mechanisms underlying the lower grain weight induced by heat during panicle initiation show a certain novelty because they distinguish this stage from the grain-filling stage. Additionally, a number of genes that control grain size through phytohormones have been summarized, but their functions have not yet been fully tested under heat conditions, except for the Grain Size and Abiotic stress tolerance 1 (GSA1) and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (OsBRI1) genes, which are reported to respond rapidly to heat stress. The mechanisms of reduced rice grain weight induced by heat during the panicle initiation stage should be studied in more depth in terms of molecular pathways.
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Ahmar S, Gruszka D. In-Silico Study of Brassinosteroid Signaling Genes in Rice Provides Insight Into Mechanisms Which Regulate Their Expression. Front Genet 2022; 13:953458. [PMID: 35873468 PMCID: PMC9299959 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.953458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate a diverse spectrum of processes during plant growth and development and modulate plant physiology in response to environmental fluctuations and stress factors. Thus, the BR signaling regulators have the potential to be targeted for gene editing to optimize the architecture of plants and make them more resilient to environmental stress. Our understanding of the BR signaling mechanism in monocot crop species is limited compared to our knowledge of this process accumulated in the model dicot species - Arabidopsis thaliana. A deeper understanding of the BR signaling and response during plant growth and adaptation to continually changing environmental conditions will provide insight into mechanisms that govern the coordinated expression of the BR signaling genes in rice (Oryza sativa) which is a model for cereal crops. Therefore, in this study a comprehensive and detailed in silico analysis of promoter sequences of rice BR signaling genes was performed. Moreover, expression profiles of these genes during various developmental stages and reactions to several stress conditions were analyzed. Additionally, a model of interactions between the encoded proteins was also established. The obtained results revealed that promoters of the 39 BR signaling genes are involved in various regulatory mechanisms and interdependent processes that influence growth, development, and stress response in rice. Different transcription factor-binding sites and cis-regulatory elements in the gene promoters were identified which are involved in regulation of the genes’ expression during plant development and reactions to stress conditions. The in-silico analysis of BR signaling genes in O. sativa provides information about mechanisms which regulate the coordinated expression of these genes during rice development and in response to other phytohormones and environmental factors. Since rice is both an important crop and the model species for other cereals, this information may be important for understanding the regulatory mechanisms that modulate the BR signaling in monocot species. It can also provide new ways for the plant genetic engineering technology by providing novel potential targets, either cis-elements or transcriptional factors, to create elite genotypes with desirable traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Ahmar
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Damian Gruszka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Zhang Z, Gao L, Ke M, Gao Z, Tu T, Huang L, Chen J, Guan Y, Huang X, Chen X. GmPIN1-mediated auxin asymmetry regulates leaf petiole angle and plant architecture in soybean. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1325-1338. [PMID: 35485227 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crop breeding during the Green Revolution resulted in high yields largely due to the creation of plants with semi-dwarf architectures that could tolerate high-density planting. Although semi-dwarf varieties have been developed in rice, wheat and maize, none was reported in soybean (Glycine max), and few genes controlling plant architecture have been characterized in soybean. Here, we demonstrate that the auxin efflux transporter PINFORMED1 (GmPIN1), which determines polar auxin transport, regulates the leaf petiole angle in soybean. CRISPR-Cas9-induced Gmpin1abc and Gmpin1bc multiple mutants displayed a compact architecture with a smaller petiole angle than wild-type plants. GmPIN1 transcripts and auxin were distributed asymmetrically in the petiole base, with high levels of GmPIN1a/c transcript and auxin in the lower cells, which resulted in asymmetric cell expansion. By contrast, the (iso)flavonoid content was greater in the upper petiole cells than in the lower cells. Our results suggest that (iso)flavonoids inhibit GmPIN1a/c expression to regulate the petiole angle. Overall, our study demonstrates that a signal cascade that integrates (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis, GmPIN1a/c expression, auxin accumulation, and cell expansion in an asymmetric manner creates a desirable petiole curvature in soybean. This study provides a genetic resource for improving soybean plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Le Gao
- Department of Horticulture, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, 102442, China
| | - Meiyu Ke
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Tianli Tu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Laimei Huang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiaomei Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuefeng Guan
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Wu Q, Liu Y, Xie Z, Yu B, Sun Y, Huang J. OsNAC016 regulates plant architecture and drought tolerance by interacting with the kinases GSK2 and SAPK8. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1296-1313. [PMID: 35333328 PMCID: PMC9237679 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ideal plant architecture and drought tolerance are important determinants of yield potential in rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we found that OsNAC016, a rice NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factor, functions as a regulator in the crosslink between brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated plant architecture and abscisic acid (ABA)-regulated drought responses. The loss-of-function mutant osnac016 exhibited erect leaves and shortened internodes, but OsNAC016-overexpressing plants had opposite phenotypes. Further investigation revealed that OsNAC016 regulated the expression of the BR biosynthesis gene D2 by binding to its promoter. Moreover, OsNAC016 interacted with and was phosphorylated by GSK3/SHAGGY-LIKE KINASE2 (GSK2), a negative regulator in the BR pathway. Meanwhile, the mutant osnac016 had improved drought stress tolerance, supported by a decreased water loss rate and enhanced stomatal closure in response to exogenous ABA, but OsNAC016-overexpressing plants showed attenuated drought tolerance and reduced ABA sensitivity. Further, OSMOTIC STRESS/ABA-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE8 (SAPK8) phosphorylated OsNAC016 and reduced its stability. The ubiquitin/26S proteasome system is an important degradation pathway of OsNAC016 via the interaction with PLANT U-BOX PROTEIN43 (OsPUB43) that mediates the ubiquitination of OsNAC016. Notably, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed global roles of OsNAC016 in promoting BR-mediated gene expression and repressing ABA-dependent drought-responsive gene expression, which was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR analysis. Our findings establish that OsNAC016 is positively involved in BR-regulated rice architecture, negatively modulates ABA-mediated drought tolerance, and is regulated by GSK2, SAPK8, and OsPUB43 through posttranslational modification. Our data provide insights into how plants balance growth and survival by coordinately regulating the growth-promoting signaling pathway and response under abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yingfan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zizhao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Mao D, Tao S, Li X, Gao D, Tang M, Liu C, Wu D, Bai L, He Z, Wang X, Yang L, Zhu Y, Zhang D, Zhang W, Chen C. The Harbinger transposon-derived gene PANDA epigenetically coordinates panicle number and grain size in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1154-1166. [PMID: 35239255 PMCID: PMC9129072 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transposons significantly contribute to genome fractions in many plants. Although numerous transposon-related mutations have been identified, the evidence regarding transposon-derived genes regulating crop yield and other agronomic traits is very limited. In this study, we characterized a rice Harbinger transposon-derived gene called PANICLE NUMBER AND GRAIN SIZE (PANDA), which epigenetically coordinates panicle number and grain size. Mutation of PANDA caused reduced panicle number but increased grain size in rice, while transgenic plants overexpressing this gene showed the opposite phenotypic change. The PANDA-encoding protein can bind to the core polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) components OsMSI1 and OsFIE2, and regulates the deposition of H3K27me3 in the target genes, thereby epigenetically repressing their expression. Among the target genes, both OsMADS55 and OsEMF1 were negative regulators of panicle number but positive regulators of grain size, partly explaining the involvement of PANDA in balancing panicle number and grain size. Moreover, moderate overexpression of PANDA driven by its own promoter in the indica rice cultivar can increase grain yield. Thus, our findings present a novel insight into the epigenetic control of rice yield traits by a Harbinger transposon-derived gene and provide its potential application for rice yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Mao
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
| | - Shentong Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co‐sponsored by Province and Ministry (CIC‐MCP)Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dongying Gao
- Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research UnitUSDA ARSAberdeenIDUSA
| | - Mingfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
| | - Chengbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research CenterChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
| | - Liangli Bai
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
- College of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Zhankun He
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
- College of AgronomyHunan Agriculture UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
- Longping BranchGraduate School of Hunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yuxing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
| | - Dechun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research CenterChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co‐sponsored by Province and Ministry (CIC‐MCP)Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Caiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
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15
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Cao Y, Zhong Z, Wang H, Shen R. Leaf angle: a target of genetic improvement in cereal crops tailored for high-density planting. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:426-436. [PMID: 35075761 PMCID: PMC8882799 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High-density planting is an effective measure for increasing crop yield per unit land area. Leaf angle (LA) is a key trait of plant architecture and a target for genetic improvement of crops. Upright leaves allow better light capture in canopy under high-density planting, thus enhancing photosynthesis efficiency, ventilation and stress resistance, and ultimately higher grain yield. Here, we summarized the latest progress on the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating LA formation in rice and maize. We suggest several standing out questions for future studies and then propose some promising strategies to manipulate LA for breeding of cereal crops tailored for high-density planting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhuojun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangzhouChina
| | - Rongxin Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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16
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Gao X, Zhang J, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang R, Du H, Yin J, Cai G, Wang R, Zhang B, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Huang J. The phosphoproteomic and interactomic landscape of qGL3/OsPPKL1-mediated brassinosteroid signaling in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:1048-1063. [PMID: 34839552 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oryza sativa L. (rice) is one of the most important crops in the world, and grain size is a major component determining rice yield. Recent studies have identified a number of grain size regulators, which are involved in phytohormone signaling, G protein signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway or transcriptional regulation. In a previous study, we cloned qGL3/OsPPKL1 encoding a rice protein phosphatase that negatively modulates brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and grain length. Here, to further explore the qGL3-mediated BR signaling network, we performed phosphoproteomic screenings using two pairs of rice materials: the indica rice cultivar 9311 and its near-isogenic line NILqgl3 and the japonica rice cultivar Dongjin and its qGL3 knockout mutant m-qgl3. Together with qGL3-interacting proteins, we constructed the qGL3-mediated network, which reveals the relationships between BR signaling and other critical signaling pathways. Transgenic plants of these network components showed BR-related alterations in plant architecture. From this network, we validated a qGL3-interacting protein, O. sativa VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE 1 (OsVIL1), and demonstrated that qGL3 dephosphorylates OsVIL1 to modulate BR signaling. The qGL3-dependent network uncovered in this study increases our understanding of BR signaling and provides a profound foundation for addressing how BR modulates plant architecture in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huaying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Baoyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
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17
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Guo N, Wang Y, Chen W, Tang S, An R, Wei X, Hu S, Tang S, Shao G, Jiao G, Xie L, Wang L, Sheng Z, Hu P. Fine mapping and target gene identification of qSE4, a QTL for stigma exsertion rate in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:959859. [PMID: 35923872 PMCID: PMC9341389 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.959859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a complex agronomy phenotype controlled by multiple genes and climate and a key trait affecting the efficiency of hybrid rice seed production. Using a japonica two-line male sterile line (DaS) with a high SER as the donor and a tropical japonica rice (D50) with a low SER as the acceptor to construct a near-isogenic line [NIL (qSE4 DaS)]. Populations were segregated into 2,143 individuals of BC3F2 and BC4F2, and the stigma exsertion quantitative trait locus (QTL) qSE4 was determined to be located within 410.4 Kb between markers RM17157 and RM17227 on chromosome 4. Bioinformatic analysis revealed 13 candidate genes in this region. Sequencing and haplotype analysis indicated that the promoter region of LOC_Os04g43910 (ARF10) had a one-base substitution between the two parents. Further Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression level of ARF10 in DaS was significantly higher than in D50. After knocking out ARF10 in the DaS background, it was found that the SER of arf10 (the total SER of the arf10-1 and the arf10-2 were 62.54 and 66.68%, respectively) was significantly lower than that of the wild type (the total SER was 80.97%). Transcriptome and hormone assay analysis showed that arf10 had significantly higher auxin synthesis genes and contents than the wild type and the expression of auxin signaling-related genes was significantly different, Similar results were observed for abscisic acid and jasmonic acid. These results indicate that LOC_Os04g43910 is mostly likely the target gene of qSE4, and the study of its gene function is of great significance for understanding the molecular mechanisms of SER and improving the efficiency of hybrid seed production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Shengyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yakun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruihu An
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaoneng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guiai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Zhonghua Sheng,
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Improvement Centre, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Shengyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Peisong Hu,
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18
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Zhang L, Wang R, Xing Y, Xu Y, Xiong D, Wang Y, Yao S. Separable regulation of POW1 in grain size and leaf angle development in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2517-2531. [PMID: 34343399 PMCID: PMC8633490 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Leaf angle is one of the key factors that determines rice plant architecture. However, the improvement of leaf angle erectness is often accompanied by unfavourable changes in other traits, especially grain size reduction. In this study, we identified the pow1 (put on weight 1) mutant that leads to increased grain size and leaf angle, typical brassinosteroid (BR)-related phenotypes caused by excessive cell proliferation and cell expansion. We show that modulation of the BR biosynthesis genes OsDWARF4 (D4) and D11 and the BR signalling gene D61 could rescue the phenotype of leaf angle but not grain size in the pow1 mutant. We further demonstrated that POW1 functions in grain size regulation by repressing the transactivation activity of the interacting protein TAF2, a highly conserved member of the TFIID transcription initiation complex. Down-regulation of TAF2 rescued the enlarged grain size of pow1 but had little effect on the increased leaf angle phenotype of the mutant. The separable functions of the POW1-TAF2 and POW1-BR modules in grain size and leaf angle control provide a promising strategy for designing varieties with compact plant architecture and increased grain size, thus promoting high-yield breeding in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ruci Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yide Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yufang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Dunping Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yueming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shanguo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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19
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Xu J, Wang JJ, Xue HW, Zhang GH. Leaf direction: Lamina joint development and environmental responses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2441-2454. [PMID: 33866581 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture plays a major role in canopy photosynthesis and biomass production, and plants adjust their growth (and thus architecture) in response to changing environments. Leaf angle is one of the most important traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant architecture, because leaf angle strongly affects leaf direction and rice production, with more-erect leaves being advantageous for high-density plantings. The degree of leaf bending depends on the morphology of the lamina joint, which connects the leaf and the sheath. In this review, we discuss cell morphology in different lamina joint tissues and describe the underlying genetic network that governs this morphology and thus regulates leaf direction. Furthermore, we focus on the mechanism by how environmental factors influence rice leaf angle. Our review provides a theoretical framework for the future genetic improvement of rice leaf orientation and plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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20
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OsARF11 Promotes Growth, Meristem, Seed, and Vein Formation during Rice Plant Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084089. [PMID: 33920962 PMCID: PMC8071273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant hormone auxin acts as a mediator providing positional instructions in a range of developmental processes. Studies in Arabidopsis thaliana L. show that auxin acts in large part via activation of Auxin Response Factors (ARFs) that in turn regulate the expression of downstream genes. The rice (Oryza sativa L.) gene OsARF11 is of interest because of its expression in developing rice organs and its high sequence similarity with MONOPTEROS/ARF5, a gene with prominent roles in A. thaliana development. We have assessed the phenotype of homozygous insertion mutants in the OsARF11 gene and found that in relation to wildtype, osarf11 seedlings produced fewer and shorter roots as well as shorter and less wide leaves. Leaves developed fewer veins and larger areoles. Mature osarf11 plants had a reduced root system, fewer branches per panicle, fewer grains per panicle and fewer filled seeds. Mutants had a reduced sensitivity to auxin-mediated callus formation and inhibition of root elongation, and phenylboronic acid (PBA)-mediated inhibition of vein formation. Taken together, our results implicate OsARF11 in auxin-mediated growth of multiple organs and leaf veins. OsARF11 also appears to play a central role in the formation of lateral root, panicle branch, and grain meristems.
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Qin Q, Li G, Jin L, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wei C, Xu Z, Yang Z, Wang H, Li Y. Auxin response factors (ARFs) differentially regulate rice antiviral immune response against rice dwarf virus. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1009118. [PMID: 33264360 PMCID: PMC7735678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There are 25 auxin response factors (ARFs) in the rice genome, which play critical roles in regulating myriad aspects of plant development, but their role (s) in host antiviral immune defense and the underneath mechanism remain largely unknown. By using the rice-rice dwarf virus (RDV) model system, here we report that auxin signaling enhances rice defense against RDV infection. In turn, RDV infection triggers increased auxin biosynthesis and accumulation in rice, and that treatment with exogenous auxin reduces OsIAA10 protein level, thereby unleashing a group of OsIAA10-interacting OsARFs to mediate downstream antiviral responses. Strikingly, our genetic data showed that loss-of-function mutants of osarf12 or osarf16 exhibit reduced resistance whereas osarf11 mutants display enhanced resistance to RDV. In turn, OsARF12 activates the down-stream OsWRKY13 expression through direct binding to its promoter, loss-of-function mutants of oswrky13 exhibit reduced resistance. These results demonstrated that OsARF 11, 12 and 16 differentially regulate rice antiviral defense. Together with our previous discovery that the viral P2 protein stabilizes OsIAA10 protein via thwarting its interaction with OsTIR1 to enhance viral infection and pathogenesis, our results reveal a novel auxin-IAA10-ARFs-mediated signaling mechanism employed by rice and RDV for defense and counter defense responses. The phytohormone auxin is often critical for plant growth and orchestrates many developmental processes. Here we find that rice accumulates more auxin upon RDV infection and treatment with exogenous auxin enhances rice tolerance to RDV infection. Auxin treatment reduces the protein level of OsIAA10, thus releasing a group of OsIAA10-interacting OsARFs to mediate downstream antiviral responses. Among the 25 ARFs in the rice genome, their functions on regulation of rice antiviral defense are diversified. Our findings elucidate a novel auxin-OsIAA10-ARFs-mediated signaling mechanism employed by rice and RDV for defense and counter defense responses. These findings significantly deepen our understanding of virus-host interactions and provide novel targets for molecular breeding (or engineering) rice cultivars resistant to RDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhong Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (HW); (YL)
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (HW); (YL)
| | - Yi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (HW); (YL)
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22
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Wang R, Liu C, Li Q, Chen Z, Sun S, Wang X. Spatiotemporal Resolved Leaf Angle Establishment Improves Rice Grain Yield via Controlling Population Density. iScience 2020; 23:101489. [PMID: 32898833 PMCID: PMC7486458 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf angle is mainly determined by the lamina joint (LJ) and contributes to ideal crop architecture for high yield. Here, we dissected five successive stages with distinct cytological features of LJs spanning organogenesis to leaf angle formation and obtained the underlying stage-specific mRNAs and small RNAs, which well explained the cytological dynamics during LJ organogenesis and leaf angle plasticity. Combining the gene coexpression correlation with high-throughput promoter analysis, we identified a set of transcription factors (TFs) determining the stage- and/or cytological structure-specific profiles. The functional studies of these TFs demonstrated that cytological dynamics determined leaf angle and that the knockout rice of these TFs with erect leaves significantly enhanced yield by maintaining the proper tiller number under dense planting. This work revealed the high-resolution mechanisms of how the cytological dynamics of LJ determined leaf erectness and served as a valuable resource to remodel rice architecture for high yield by controlling population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongna Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Chang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qinzhong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhina Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shiyong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xuelu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Zhang Z, Yang X, Cheng L, Guo Z, Wang H, Wu W, Shin K, Zhu J, Zheng X, Bian J, Li Y, Gu L, Zhu Q, Wang ZY, Wang W. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of brassinosteroid function in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) seedlings. PLANTA 2020; 252:27. [PMID: 32712728 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that brassinosteroid is essential for seedling and shoot growth in moso bamboo. The shoot of moso bamboo is known to grow extremely fast. The roles of phytohormones in such fast growth of bamboo shoot remain unclear. Here we reported that endogenous brassinosteroid (BR) is a major factor promoting bamboo shoot internode elongation. Reducing endogenous brassinosteroid level by its biosynthesis inhibitor propiconazole stunted shoot growth in seedling stage, whereas exogenous BR application promoted scale leaf elongation and the inclination of lamina joint of leaves and scale leaves. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis identified hundreds of genes whose expression levels are altered by BR and propiconazole in shoots and roots of bamboo seedling. The data show that BR regulates cell wall-related genes, hydrogen peroxide catabolic genes, and auxin-related genes. Our study demonstrates an essential role of BR in fast growth bamboo shoots and identifies a large number of BR-responsive genes in bamboo seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuelian Yang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ling Cheng
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zejun Guo
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weihuang Wu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kihye Shin
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinyao Zhu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianghu Bian
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yangchen Li
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lianfeng Gu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Wenfei Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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Synergistic Interaction of Phytohormones in Determining Leaf Angle in Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145052. [PMID: 32709150 PMCID: PMC7404121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf angle (LA), defined as the angle between the plant stem and leaf adaxial side of the blade, generally shapes the plant architecture into a loosen or dense structure, and thus influences the light interception and competition between neighboring plants in natural settings, ultimately contributing to the crop yield and productivity. It has been elucidated that brassinosteroid (BR) plays a dominant role in determining LA, and other phytohormones also positively or negatively participate in regulating LA. Accumulating evidences have revealed that these phytohormones interact with each other in modulating various biological processes. However, the comprehensive discussion of how the phytohormones and their interaction involved in shaping LA is relatively lack. Here, we intend to summarize the advances in the LA regulation mediated by the phytohormones and their crosstalk in different plant species, mainly in rice and maize, hopefully providing further insights into the genetic manipulation of LA trait in crop breeding and improvement in regarding to overcoming the challenge from the continuous demands for food under limited arable land area.
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25
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Exploring the Brassinosteroid Signaling in Monocots Reveals Novel Components of the Pathway and Implications for Plant Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010354. [PMID: 31948086 PMCID: PMC6982108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroidal phytohormones which are key regulators of diverse processes during whole life cycle of plants. Studies conducted in the dicot model species Arabidopsis thaliana have allowed identification and characterization of various components of the BR signaling. It is currently known that the BR signaling is interconnected at various stages with other phytohormonal and stress signaling pathways. It enables a rapid and efficient adaptation of plant metabolism to constantly changing environmental conditions. However, our knowledge about mechanism of the BR signaling in the monocot species is rather limited. Thus, identification of new components of the BR signaling in monocots, including cereals, is an ongoing process and has already led to identification of some monocot-specific components of the BR signaling. It is of great importance as disturbances in the BR signaling influence architecture of mutant plants, and as a consequence, the reaction to environmental conditions. Currently, the modulation of the BR signaling is considered as a target to enhance yield and stress tolerance in cereals, which is of particular importance in the face of global climate change.
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