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Alafari HA, Freeg H, Abdelrahman M, Attia KA, Jalal AS, El-Banna A, Aboshosha A, Fiaz S. Integrated analysis of yield response and early stage biochemical, molecular, and gene expression profiles of pre-breeding rice lines under water deficit stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17855. [PMID: 39090142 PMCID: PMC11294455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Breeding high yielding water-deficit tolerant rice is considered a primary goal for achieving the objectives of the sustainable development goals, 2030. However, evaluating the performance of the pre-breeding-promising parental-lines for water deficit tolerance prior to their incorporation in the breeding program is crucial for the success of the breeding programs. The aim of the current investigation is to assess the performance of a set of pre-breeding lines compared with their parents. To achieve this goal a set of 7 pre-breeding rice lines along with their parents (5 genotypes) were field evaluated under well-irrigated and water-stress conditions. Water stress was applied by flush irrigation every 12 days without keeping standing water after irrigation. Based on the field evaluation results, a pre-breeding line was selected to conduct physiological and expression analysis of drought related genes at the green house. Furthermore, a greenhouse trial was conducted in pots, where the genotypes were grown under well and stress irrigation conditions at seedling stage for physiological analysis and expression profiling of the genotypes. Results indicated that the pre-breeding lines which were high yielding under water shortage stress showed low drought susceptibility index. Those lines exhibited high proline, SOD, TSS content along with low levels of MDA content in their leaves. Moreover, the genotypes grain yield positively correlated with proline, SOD, TSS content in their leaves. The SSR markers RM22, RM525, RM324 and RM3805 were able to discriminate the tolerant parents from the sensitive one. Expression levels of the tested drought responsive genes revealed the upregulation of OsLEA3, OsAPX2, OsNAC1, OSDREB2A, OsDREB1C, OsZIP23, OsP5CS, OsAHL1 and OsCATA genes in response to water deficit stress as compared to their expression under normal irrigated condition. Taken together among the tested pre-breeding lines the RBL112 pre-breeding line is high yielding under water-deficit and could be used as donor for high yielding genes in the breeding for water deficit resistance. This investigation withdraws attention to evaluate the promising pre-breeding lines before their incorporation in the water deficit stress breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ali Alafari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haytham Freeg
- Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelrahman
- Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh, 33717, Egypt.
| | - Kotb A Attia
- Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh, 33717, Egypt
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455-11451, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej S Jalal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Antar El-Banna
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455-11451, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Aboshosha
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455-11451, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Genetics, College of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan
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Mohanavel V, Muthu V, Kambale R, Palaniswamy R, Seeli P, Ayyenar B, Rajagopalan V, Manickam S, Rajasekaran R, Rahman H, Nallathambi J, Swaminathan M, Chellappan G, Vellingiri G, Muthurajan R. Marker-assisted breeding accelerates the development of multiple-stress-tolerant rice genotypes adapted to wider environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1402368. [PMID: 39070911 PMCID: PMC11272538 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1402368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Rice, one of the major staple food crops is frequently affected by various biotic/abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, submergence, heat, Bacterial leaf blight, Brown plant hopper, Gall midge, Stem borer, Leaf folder etc. Sustained increase of yield growth is highly necessary to meet the projected demand in rice production during the year 2050. Hence, development of high yielding and multiple stress tolerant rice varieties adapted to wider environments will serve the need. Methods A systematic MAB approach was followed to pyramid eight major QTLs/genes controlling tolerance to major abiotic/biotic stresses viz., drought (qDTY1.1 and qDTY2.1), salinity (Saltol), submergence (Sub1), bacterial leaf blight (xa13 and Xa21), blast (Pi9) and gall midge (Gm4) in the genetic background of an elite rice culture CBMAS 14065 possessing high yield and desirable grain quality traits. Two advanced backcross derivatives of CBMAS 14065 possessing different combinations of target QTLs namely #27-1-39 (qDTY1.1+qDTY2.1+Sub1+xa13+Xa21+Gm4+Pi9) and #29-2-2 (qDTY1.1+qDTY2.1+Saltol+Xa21+Gm4+Pi9) were inter-mated. Results Inter-mated F1 progenies harboring all the eight target QTLs/genes were identified through foreground selection. Genotyping of the inter-mated F4 population identified 14 progenies possessing all eight target QTLs/genes under homozygous conditions. All the fourteen progenies were forwarded up to F8 generation and evaluated for their yield and tolerance to dehydration, salinity, submergence, blast and bacterial leaf blight. All the 14 progenies exhibited enhanced tolerance to dehydration and salinity stresses by registering lesser reduction in their chlorophyll content, relative water content, root length, root biomass etc., against their recurrent parent Improved White Ponni/CBMAS 14065. All the 14 progenies harboring Sub1 loci from FR13A exhibited enhanced survival (90 - 95%) under 2 weeks of submergence /flooding when compared to their recurrent parent CBMAS 14065 which showed 100% susceptibility The inter-mated population showed a enhanced level of resistance to bacterial leaf blight (Score = 0 to 2) against blast (Score - 0) whereas the susceptible check CO 39 and the recurrent parent CBMAS 14065 recorded high level of susceptibility (Score = 7 to 9). Conclusion or discussion Our study demonstrated the accelerated development of multiple stress tolerant rice genotypes through marker assisted pyramiding of target QTLs/genes using tightly linked markers. These multiple stress tolerant rice lines will serve as excellent genetic stocks for field testing/variety release and also as parental lines in future breeding programs for developing climate resilient super rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Mohanavel
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Valarmathi Muthu
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohit Kambale
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rakshana Palaniswamy
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prisca Seeli
- Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharathi Ayyenar
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veeraranjani Rajagopalan
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudha Manickam
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghu Rajasekaran
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hifzur Rahman
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- International Centre for Biosaline Agriculture, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jagadeeshselvam Nallathambi
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manonmani Swaminathan
- Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Chellappan
- Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Raveendran Muthurajan
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wei M, Yan Q, Huang D, Ma Z, Chen S, Yin X, Liu C, Qin Y, Zhou X, Wu Z, Lu Y, Yan L, Qin G, Zhang Y. Integration of molecular breeding and multi-resistance screening for developing a promising restorer line Guihui5501 with heavy grain, good grain quality, and endurance to biotic and abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1390603. [PMID: 38911983 PMCID: PMC11190317 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1390603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Rice, a critical staple on a global scale, faces escalating challenges in yield preservation due to the rising prevalence of abiotic and biotic stressors, exacerbated by frequent climatic fluctuations in recent years. Moreover, the scorching climate prevalent in the rice-growing regions of South China poses obstacles to the cultivation of good-quality, heavy-grain varieties. Addressing this dilemma requires the development of resilient varieties capable of withstanding multiple stress factors. To achieve this objective, our study employed the broad-spectrum blast-resistant line Digu, the brown planthopper (BPH)-resistant line ASD7, and the heavy-grain backbone restorer lines Fuhui838 (FH838) and Shuhui527 (SH527) as parental materials for hybridization and multiple crossings. The incorporation of molecular markers facilitated the rapid pyramiding of six target genes (Pi5, Pita, Pid2, Pid3, Bph2, and Wxb ). Through a comprehensive evaluation encompassing blast resistance, BPH resistance, cold tolerance, grain appearance, and quality, alongside agronomic trait selection, a promising restorer line, Guihui5501 (GH5501), was successfully developed. It demonstrated broad-spectrum resistance to blast, exhibiting a resistance frequency of 77.33% against 75 artificially inoculated isolates, moderate resistance to BPH (3.78 grade), strong cold tolerance during the seedling stage (1.80 grade), and characteristics of heavy grains (1,000-grain weight reaching 35.64 g) with good grain quality. The primary rice quality parameters for GH5501, with the exception of alkali spreading value, either met or exceeded the second-grade national standard for premium edible rice varieties, signifying a significant advancement in the production of good-quality heavy-grain varieties in the southern rice-growing regions. Utilizing GH5501, a hybrid combination named Nayou5501, characterized by high yield, good quality, and resistance to multiple stresses, was bred and received approval as a rice variety in Guangxi in 2021. Furthermore, genomic analysis with gene chips revealed that GH5501 possessed an additional 20 exceptional alleles, such as NRT1.1B for efficient nitrogen utilization, SKC1 for salt tolerance, and STV11 for resistance to rice stripe virus. Consequently, the restorer line GH5501 could serve as a valuable resource for the subsequent breeding of high-yielding, good-quality, and stress-tolerant hybrid rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Wei
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Dahui Huang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
| | - Zengfeng Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Chi Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Agricultural Science and Technology Information Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
| | - Zishuai Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
| | - Yingping Lu
- Liuzhou Branch, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou Research Center of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou, China
| | - Liuhui Yan
- Liuzhou Branch, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou Research Center of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou, China
| | - Gang Qin
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
| | - Yuexiong Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utillzation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, China
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Sravanraju N, Beulah P, Jaldhani V, Nagaraju P, HariPrasad AS, Brajendra P, Sunitha N, Sundaram RM, Senguttuvel P. Genetic enhancement of reproductive stage drought tolerance in RPHR-1005R and derivative rice hybrids through marker-assisted backcross breeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:426. [PMID: 38498081 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09351-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought stress is considered as one of the major production constraints in rice. RPHR-1005R is a restorer line (R-Line) with a popular, medium-slender grain type, and is the male parent of the popular Indian rice hybrid, DRR-H3. However, both the hybrid and its restorer are highly vulnerable to the drought stress, which limits the adoption of the hybrid. Therefore, the selection of the restorer line RPHR-1005R has been made with the objective of enhancing drought tolerance. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we have introgressed a major QTL for grain yield under drought (qDTY 1.1) from Nagina22 through a marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) strategy. PCR based SSR markers linked to grain yield under drought (qDTY1.1 - RM431, RM11943), fertility restorer genes (Rf3-DRRM-Rf3-10, Rf4-RM6100) and wide compatibility (S5n allele) were deployed for foreground selection. At BC2F1, a single plant (RPHR6339-4-16-14) with target QTL in heterozygous condition and with the highest recurrent parent genome recovery (85.41%) and phenotypically like RPHR-1005R was identified and selfed to generate BC2F2. Fifty-eight homozygous lines were advanced to BC2F4 and six promising restorer lines and a hybrid combination (APMS6A/RPHR6339-4-16-14-3) were identified. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the six improved restorer lines could be employed for developing heterotic hybrids possessing reproductive stage drought tolerance. The hybrid combination (APMS6A/RPHR6339-4-16-14-3) was estimated to ensure stable yields in drought-prone irrigated lowlands as well as in directly seeded aerobic and upland areas of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sravanraju
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
- Biotechnology Department, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU-H), Hyderabad, 500085, India
| | - P Beulah
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - V Jaldhani
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - P Nagaraju
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - A S HariPrasad
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - P Brajendra
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - N Sunitha
- Biotechnology Department, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU-H), Hyderabad, 500085, India
| | - R M Sundaram
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India.
| | - P Senguttuvel
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India.
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Singh G, Singh N, Ellur RK, Balamurugan A, Prakash G, Rathour R, Mondal KK, Bhowmick PK, Gopala Krishnan S, Nagarajan M, Seth R, Vinod KK, Singh V, Bollinedi H, Singh AK. Genetic Enhancement for Biotic Stress Resistance in Basmati Rice through Marker-Assisted Backcross Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16081. [PMID: 38003271 PMCID: PMC10671030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pusa Basmati 1509 (PB1509) is one of the major foreign-exchange-earning varieties of Basmati rice; it is semi-dwarf and early maturing with exceptional cooking quality and strong aroma. However, it is highly susceptible to various biotic stresses including bacterial blight and blast. Therefore, bacterial blight resistance genes, namely, xa13 + Xa21 and Xa38, and fungal blast resistance genes Pi9 + Pib and Pita were incorporated into the genetic background of recurrent parent (RP) PB1509 using donor parents, namely, Pusa Basmati 1718 (PB1718), Pusa 1927 (P1927), Pusa 1929 (P1929) and Tetep, respectively. Foreground selection was carried out with respective gene-linked markers, stringent phenotypic selection for recurrent parent phenotype, early generation background selection with Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and background analysis at advanced generations with Rice Pan Genome Array comprising 80K SNPs. This has led to the development of Near isogenic lines (NILs), namely, Pusa 3037, Pusa 3054, Pusa 3060 and Pusa 3066 carrying genes xa13 + Xa21, Xa38, Pi9 + Pib and Pita with genomic similarity of 98.25%, 98.92%, 97.38% and 97.69%, respectively, as compared to the RP. Based on GGE-biplot analysis, Pusa 3037-1-44-3-164-20-249-2 carrying xa13 + Xa21, Pusa 3054-2-47-7-166-24-261-3 carrying Xa38, Pusa 3060-3-55-17-157-4-124-1 carrying Pi9 + Pib, and Pusa 3066-4-56-20-159-8-174-1 carrying Pita were identified to be relatively stable and better-performing individuals in the tested environments. Intercrossing between the best BC3F1s has led to the generation of Pusa 3122 (xa13 + Xa21 + Xa38), Pusa 3124 (Xa38 + Pi9 + Pib) and Pusa 3123 (Pi9 + Pib + Pita) with agronomy, grain and cooking quality parameters at par with PB1509. Cultivation of such improved varieties will help farmers reduce the cost of cultivation with decreased pesticide use and improve productivity with ensured safety to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - Niraj Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - Ranjith Kumar Ellur
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - Alexander Balamurugan
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (G.P.)
| | - G. Prakash
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (G.P.)
| | - Rajeev Rathour
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, CSKHPKV, Palampur 176062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kalyan Kumar Mondal
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (G.P.)
| | - Prolay Kumar Bhowmick
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - S. Gopala Krishnan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - Mariappan Nagarajan
- Rice Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Aduthurai 612101, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rakesh Seth
- Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India;
| | - K. K. Vinod
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - Varsha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - Haritha Bollinedi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
| | - Ashok Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India (N.S.); (P.K.B.); (S.G.K.); (K.K.V.)
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Simon EV, Hechanova SL, Hernandez JE, Li CP, Tülek A, Ahn EK, Jairin J, Choi IR, Sundaram RM, Jena KK, Kim SR. Available cloned genes and markers for genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1247014. [PMID: 37731986 PMCID: PMC10507716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1247014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Biotic stress is one of the major threats to stable rice production. Climate change affects the shifting of pest outbreaks in time and space. Genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice is a cost-effective and environment-friendly way to control diseases and pests compared to other methods such as chemical spraying. Fast deployment of the available and suitable genes/alleles in local elite varieties through marker-assisted selection (MAS) is crucial for stable high-yield rice production. In this review, we focused on consolidating all the available cloned genes/alleles conferring resistance against rice pathogens (virus, bacteria, and fungus) and insect pests, the corresponding donor materials, and the DNA markers linked to the identified genes. To date, 48 genes (independent loci) have been cloned for only major biotic stresses: seven genes for brown planthopper (BPH), 23 for blast, 13 for bacterial blight, and five for viruses. Physical locations of the 48 genes were graphically mapped on the 12 rice chromosomes so that breeders can easily find the locations of the target genes and distances among all the biotic stress resistance genes and any other target trait genes. For efficient use of the cloned genes, we collected all the publically available DNA markers (~500 markers) linked to the identified genes. In case of no available cloned genes yet for the other biotic stresses, we provided brief information such as donor germplasm, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and the related papers. All the information described in this review can contribute to the fast genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice for stable high-yield rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Vie Simon
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Sherry Lou Hechanova
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jose E. Hernandez
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Charng-Pei Li
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Council of Agriculture, Taiwan
| | - Adnan Tülek
- Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Eok-Keun Ahn
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea
| | - Jirapong Jairin
- Division of Rice Research and Development, Rice Department, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Il-Ryong Choi
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea
| | - Raman M. Sundaram
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kshirod K. Jena
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sung-Ryul Kim
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
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Varanasi YVP, Isetty SR, Revadi P, Balakrishnan D, Hajira S, Prasad MS, Laha GS, Perraju P, Singh UM, Singh VK, Kumar A, Sundaram RM, Badri J. Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Introgression Lines with Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight and Blast in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3012. [PMID: 37631223 PMCID: PMC10458744 DOI: 10.3390/plants12163012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluates marker assisted forward breeding (MAFB)-derived disease resistant introgression lines (ILs) which do not have the targeted resistance genes for bacterial blight (xa5 + xa13 + Xa21) and blast (Pi2 + Pi9 + Pi54). The ILs were derived in the background of two elite rice cultivars, Krishna Hamsa [Recurrent Parent 1 (RP1)] and WGL 14 (RP2), involving multi-parent inter-crossing. Molecular characterization with gene specific markers for seven reported resistance genes each for bacterial blight (Xa33, Xa38, xa23, Xa4, xa8, Xa27 and Xa41) and blast (Pi1, Pi20, Pi38, Pib, Pitp, Pizt and Pi40) revealed the presence of xa8 and Xa38, in addition to the targeted xa5, xa13 and Xa21 for bacterial blight resistance and Pi1, Pi38, Pi40, Pi20, Pib and Pipt, in addition to the targeted Pi9 and Pi54, for blast resistance in various combinations. A maximum of nine resistance genes xa5 + Xa21 + Pi54 + xa8 + Pipt + Pi38 + Pi1 + Pi20 + Pib was observed in RP1-IL 19030 followed by eight genes xa5 + xa13 + Xa21 + xa8 + Pi9 + Pipt + Pi1 + Pi20 in two RP2-ILs, 19344 and 19347. ANOVA revealed the presence of significant variability for all the yield traits except "days to 50% flowering" (DFF). Box plots depicted the seasonal differences in the phenotypic expression of the yield traits. There was significant positive association of grain yield with days to flowering, tiller number and panicle number. Thousand grain weight is also significantly and positively correlated with grain yield. On the contrary, grain yield showed a significantly negative association with plant height. Multi-parent selective inter-crossing in the present study not only led to the development of high yielding disease resistant ILs but also enhanced recovery of the recurrent parent via selection for essential morphological features. More than 90.0% genetic similarity in the ILs based on SNP-based background selection demonstrated the success of multi-parent selective intercrossing in the development of disease resistant NILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaswini Vishnu Priya Varanasi
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), Hyderabad 500030, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Rewa 486001, India
| | | | - Padmashree Revadi
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), Hyderabad 500030, India
| | - Divya Balakrishnan
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), Hyderabad 500030, India
| | - Shaik Hajira
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), Hyderabad 500030, India
| | | | - Gouri Shankar Laha
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), Hyderabad 500030, India
| | - Puvvada Perraju
- Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Rewa 486001, India
| | - Uma Maheshwar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), Varanasi 221006, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute South Asia Hub (IRRISAH), Hyderabad 221106, India;
| | - Arvind Kumar
- International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India
| | | | - Jyothi Badri
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), Hyderabad 500030, India
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Yan L, Luo T, Huang D, Wei M, Ma Z, Liu C, Qin Y, Zhou X, Lu Y, Li R, Qin G, Zhang Y. Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanism and Breeding Utilization of Brown Planthopper Resistance Genes in Rice: An Integrated Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12061. [PMID: 37569437 PMCID: PMC10419156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Over half of the world's population relies on rice as their staple food. The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is a significant insect pest that leads to global reductions in rice yields. Breeding rice varieties that are resistant to BPH has been acknowledged as the most cost-effective and efficient strategy to mitigate BPH infestation. Consequently, the exploration of BPH-resistant genes in rice and the development of resistant rice varieties have become focal points of interest and research for breeders. In this review, we summarized the latest advancements in the localization, cloning, molecular mechanisms, and breeding of BPH-resistant rice. Currently, a total of 70 BPH-resistant gene loci have been identified in rice, 64 out of 70 genes/QTLs were mapped on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, and 12, respectively, with 17 of them successfully cloned. These genes primarily encode five types of proteins: lectin receptor kinase (LecRK), coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding-leucine-rich repeat (CC-NB-LRR), B3-DNA binding domain, leucine-rich repeat domain (LRD), and short consensus repeat (SCR). Through mediating plant hormone signaling, calcium ion signaling, protein kinase cascade activation of cell proliferation, transcription factors, and miRNA signaling pathways, these genes induce the deposition of callose and cell wall thickening in rice tissues, ultimately leading to the inhibition of BPH feeding and the formation of resistance mechanisms against BPH damage. Furthermore, we discussed the applications of these resistance genes in the genetic improvement and breeding of rice. Functional studies of these insect-resistant genes and the elucidation of their network mechanisms establish a strong theoretical foundation for investigating the interaction between rice and BPH. Furthermore, they provide ample genetic resources and technical support for achieving sustainable BPH control and developing innovative insect resistance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhui Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
- Liuzhou Branch, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou Research Center of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou 545000, China;
| | - Tongping Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Dahui Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Minyi Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zengfeng Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Chi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Agricultural Science and Technology Information Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yingping Lu
- Liuzhou Branch, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou Research Center of Agricultural Sciences, Liuzhou 545000, China;
| | - Rongbai Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Gang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuexiong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.Y.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (M.W.); (Z.M.); (C.L.); (X.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
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Thulasinathan T, Ayyenar B, Kambale R, Manickam S, Chellappan G, Shanmugavel P, Narayanan MB, Swaminathan M, Muthurajan R. Marker Assisted Introgression of Resistance Genes and Phenotypic Evaluation Enabled Identification of Durable and Broad-Spectrum Blast Resistance in Elite Rice Cultivar, CO 51. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030719. [PMID: 36980991 PMCID: PMC10048046 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Across the globe, rice cultivation is seriously affected by blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae. This disease has caused heavy yield loss to farmers over the past few years. In this background, the most affordable and eco-friendly strategy is to introgress blast-resistant genes from donors into elite rice cultivars. However, it is not only challenging to evolve such resistance lines using conventional breeding approaches, but also a time-consuming process. Therefore, the marker-assisted introduction of resistance genes has been proposed as a rapid strategy to develop durable and broad-spectrum resistance in rice cultivars. The current study highlights the successful introgression of a blast resistance gene, i.e., Pi9, into CO 51, an elite rice cultivar which already has another resistance gene named Pi54. The presence of two blast resistance genes in the advanced backcross breeding materials (BC2F2:3) was confirmed in this study through a foreground selection method using functional markers such as NBS4 and Pi54MAS. The selected positive introgressed lines were further genotyped for background selection with 55 SSR markers that are specific to CO 51. Consequently, both Pi9 as well as Pi54 pyramided lines, with 82.7% to 88.1% of the recurrent parent genome recovery, were identified and the selected lines were evaluated under hotspot. The analysis outcomes found that both the lines possessed a high level of resistance against blast disease during the seedling stage itself. In addition to this, it was also noticed that the advanced breeding rice lines that carry Pi9 + Pi54 were effective in nature and exhibited a higher degree of resistance against blast disease compared to the lines that were introgressed with a single blast resistance gene. Thus, the current study demonstrates a rapid and a successful introgression and pyramiding of two blast resistance genes, with the help of markers, into a susceptible yet high-yielding elite rice cultivar within a short period of time. Those gene pyramided rice lines can be employed as donors to introgress the blast-resistant genes in other popular susceptible cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiyagarajan Thulasinathan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Bharathi Ayyenar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Rohit Kambale
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Sudha Manickam
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Chellappan
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Priyanka Shanmugavel
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Manikanda B. Narayanan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Manonmani Swaminathan
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Raveendran Muthurajan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
- Correspondence:
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Sahu PK, Sao R, Choudhary DK, Thada A, Kumar V, Mondal S, Das BK, Jankuloski L, Sharma D. Advancement in the Breeding, Biotechnological and Genomic Tools towards Development of Durable Genetic Resistance against the Rice Blast Disease. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182386. [PMID: 36145787 PMCID: PMC9504543 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice production needs to be sustained in the coming decades, as the changeable climatic conditions are becoming more conducive to disease outbreaks. The majority of rice diseases cause enormous economic damage and yield instability. Among them, rice blast caused by Magnaportheoryzae is a serious fungal disease and is considered one of the major threats to world rice production. This pathogen can infect the above-ground tissues of rice plants at any growth stage and causes complete crop failure under favorable conditions. Therefore, management of blast disease is essentially required to sustain global food production. When looking at the drawback of chemical management strategy, the development of durable, resistant varieties is one of the most sustainable, economic, and environment-friendly approaches to counter the outbreaks of rice blasts. Interestingly, several blast-resistant rice cultivars have been developed with the help of breeding and biotechnological methods. In addition, 146 R genes have been identified, and 37 among them have been molecularly characterized to date. Further, more than 500 loci have been identified for blast resistance which enhances the resources for developing blast resistance through marker-assisted selection (MAS), marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB), and genome editing tools. Apart from these, a better understanding of rice blast pathogens, the infection process of the pathogen, and the genetics of the immune response of the host plant are very important for the effective management of the blast disease. Further, high throughput phenotyping and disease screening protocols have played significant roles in easy comprehension of the mechanism of disease spread. The present review critically emphasizes the pathogenesis, pathogenomics, screening techniques, traditional and molecular breeding approaches, and transgenic and genome editing tools to develop a broad spectrum and durable resistance against blast disease in rice. The updated and comprehensive information presented in this review would be definitely helpful for the researchers, breeders, and students in the planning and execution of a resistance breeding program in rice against this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeshwar K. Sahu
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Richa Sao
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Antra Thada
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bikram K. Das
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ljupcho Jankuloski
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
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11
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Screening methods for cereal grains with different starch components: A mini review. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Sahoo RK, Chandan RK, Swain DM, Tuteja N, Jha G. Heterologous overexpression of PDH45 gene of pea provides tolerance against sheath blight disease and drought stress in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 186:242-251. [PMID: 35930936 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stress tolerant crops are required for sustainable agriculture as well as ensuring global food security. In a previous study, we have reported that heterologous overexpression of pea DNA helicase (PDH45), a DEAD-box family member protein, provides salinity stress tolerance in rice. The improved management of photosynthetic machinery and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with PDH45 mediated salinity stress tolerance. However, the role of PDH45 in biotic and other abiotic stress (drought) tolerance remains unexplored. In the present study, we have generated marker-free transgenic IR64 rice lines that overexpress PDH45 under the CaMV35S promoter. The transgenic rice lines exhibited a significant level of tolerance against sheath blight disease, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, a polyphagous necrotrophic fungal pathogen. The defense as well as antioxidant responsive marker genes were significantly upregulated in the PDH45 overexpressing (OE) rice lines, upon pathogen infection. Moreover, the OE lines exhibited tolerance to drought stress and various antioxidant as well as drought responsive marker genes were significantly upregulated in them, upon drought stress. Overall, the current study emphasizes that heterologous overexpression of PDH45 provides abiotic as well as biotic stress tolerance in rice. Tolerance against drought as well as sheath blight disease by overexpression of a single gene (PDH45) signifies the practical implication of the present study. Moreover, considering the conserved nature of the gene in different plant species, we anticipate that PDH45 can be gainfully deployed to impart tolerance against multiple stresses in agriculturally important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar Chandan
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Durga Madhab Swain
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India; Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Li D, Zhou J, Zheng C, Zheng E, Liang W, Tan X, Xu R, Yan C, Yang Y, Yi K, Liu X, Chen J, Wang X. OsTGAL1 suppresses the resistance of rice to bacterial blight disease by regulating the expression of salicylic acid glucosyltransferase OsSGT1. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1584-1602. [PMID: 35141931 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many TGA transcription factors participate in immune responses in the SA-mediated signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. This study identified a transcription factor OsTGAL1, which is induced upon infection by Xoo. Overexpression of OsTGAL1 increased the susceptibility of rice to Xoo. Plants overexpressing OsTGAL1 could affect the expression of many SA signaling-related genes. OsTGAL1 was able to interact with the promoter of OsSGT1, which encodes a key enzyme for SA metabolism. The transcript of OsSGT1 was induced by Xoo and this responsive expression was further increased in plants overexpressing OsTGAL1. OsSGT1 knockout lines had enhanced resistance to Xoo, and knocking out OsSGT1 in plants overexpressing OsTGAL1 blocked the susceptibility caused by OsTGAL1. Altered expression levels of several OsPRs in all the transgenic plants demonstrated that SA-mediated signaling had been affected. Furthermore, we identified an oxidoreductase of CC-type glutaredoxin, OsGRX17, which interacted with OsTGAL1. OsGRX17 reduced the regulation of OsTGAL1 on OsSGT1, and this may be due to its redox modulation. Thus, our results demonstrate that OsTGAL1 negatively regulates resistance to Xoo by its effects on SA metabolism via the activation of OsSGT1, which provides valuable targets for plant breeders in developing new cultivars that are resistant to Xoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ersong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifang Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaojing Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rumeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keke Yi
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Zhang B, Ma L, Wu B, Xing Y, Qiu X. Introgression Lines: Valuable Resources for Functional Genomics Research and Breeding in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863789. [PMID: 35557720 PMCID: PMC9087921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The narrow base of genetic diversity of modern rice varieties is mainly attributed to the overuse of the common backbone parents that leads to the lack of varied favorable alleles in the process of breeding new varieties. Introgression lines (ILs) developed by a backcross strategy combined with marker-assisted selection (MAS) are powerful prebreeding tools for broadening the genetic base of existing cultivars. They have high power for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) either with major or minor effects, and are used for precisely evaluating the genetic effects of QTLs and detecting the gene-by-gene or gene-by-environment interactions due to their low genetic background noise. ILs developed from multiple donors in a fixed background can be used as an IL platform to identify the best alleles or allele combinations for breeding by design. In the present paper, we reviewed the recent achievements from ILs in rice functional genomics research and breeding, including the genetic dissection of complex traits, identification of elite alleles and background-independent and epistatic QTLs, analysis of genetic interaction, and genetic improvement of single and multiple target traits. We also discussed how to develop ILs for further identification of new elite alleles, and how to utilize IL platforms for rice genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongzhong Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianjin Qiu
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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15
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Shin NH, Han JH, Vo KTX, Seo J, Navea IP, Yoo SC, Jeon JS, Chin JH. Development of a Temperate Climate-Adapted indica Multi-stress Tolerant Rice Variety by Pyramiding Quantitative Trait Loci. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:22. [PMID: 35397732 PMCID: PMC8994804 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Successful cultivation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in many Asian countries requires submergence stress tolerance at the germination and early establishment stages. Two quantitative trait loci, Sub1 (conferring submergence tolerance) and AG1 (conferring anaerobic germination), were recently pyramided into a single genetic background, without compromising any desirable agronomic traits, leading to the development of Ciherang-Sub1 + AG1 (CSA). However, little research has been conducted to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stress (submergence) and biotic stress (rice blast), which occur in a damp climate following flooding. The BC2F5 breeding line was phenotypically characterized using the AvrPi9 isolate. The biotic and abiotic stress tolerance of selected lines was tested under submergence stress and anaerobic germination conditions, and lines tolerant to each stress condition were identified through phenotypic and gene expression analyses. The Ciherang-Sub1 + AG1 + Pi9 (CSA-Pi9) line showed similar agronomic performance to its recurrent parent, CSA, but had significantly reduced chalkiness in field trials conducted in temperate regions. Unexpectedly, the CSA-Pi9 line also showed salinity tolerance. Thus, the breeding line newly developed in this study, CSA-Pi9, functioned under stress conditions, in which Sub1, AG1, and Pi9 play a role and had superior grain quality traits compared to its recurrent parent in temperate regions. We speculate that CSA-Pi9 will enable the establishment of climate-resilient rice cropping systems, particularly in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Shin
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Han
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Kieu Thi Xuan Vo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Seo
- Department of Plant Bioscience, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Korea
- Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Korea
| | - Ian Paul Navea
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
- Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Soo-Cheul Yoo
- Department of Plant Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17579, Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Korea.
| | - Joong Hyoun Chin
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea.
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Khanna A, Anumalla M, Catolos M, Bartholomé J, Fritsche-Neto R, Platten JD, Pisano DJ, Gulles A, Sta Cruz MT, Ramos J, Faustino G, Bhosale S, Hussain W. Genetic Trends Estimation in IRRIs Rice Drought Breeding Program and Identification of High Yielding Drought-Tolerant Lines. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:14. [PMID: 35247120 PMCID: PMC8898209 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estimating genetic trends using historical data is an important parameter to check the success of the breeding programs. The estimated genetic trends can act as a guideline to target the appropriate breeding strategies and optimize the breeding program for improved genetic gains. In this study, 17 years of historical data from IRRI's rice drought breeding program was used to estimate the genetic trends and assess the breeding program's success. We also identified top-performing lines based on grain yield breeding values as an elite panel for implementing future population improvement-based breeding schemes. A two-stage approach of pedigree-based mixed model analysis was used to analyze the data and extract the breeding values and estimate the genetic trends for grain yield under non-stress, drought, and in combined data of non-stress and drought. Lower grain yield values were observed in all the drought trials. Heritability for grain yield estimates ranged between 0.20 and 0.94 under the drought trials and 0.43-0.83 under non-stress trials. Under non-stress conditions, the genetic gain of 0.21% (10.22 kg/ha/year) for genotypes and 0.17% (7.90 kg/ha/year) for checks was observed. The genetic trend under drought conditions exhibited a positive trend with the genetic gain of 0.13% (2.29 kg/ha/year) for genotypes and 0.55% (9.52 kg/ha/year) for checks. For combined analysis showed a genetic gain of 0.27% (8.32 kg/ha/year) for genotypes and 0.60% (13.69 kg/ha/year) for checks was observed. For elite panel selection, 200 promising lines were selected based on higher breeding values for grain yield and prediction accuracy of > 0.40. The breeding values of the 200 genotypes formulating the core panel ranged between 2366.17 and 4622.59 (kg/ha). A positive genetic rate was observed under all the three conditions; however, the rate of increase was lower than the required rate of 1.5% genetic gain. We propose a recurrent selection breeding strategy within the elite population with the integration of modern tools and technologies to boost the genetic gains in IRRI's drought breeding program. The elite breeding panel identified in this study forms an easily available and highly enriched genetic resource for future recurrent selection programs to boost the genetic gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Khanna
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Mahender Anumalla
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Margaret Catolos
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jérôme Bartholomé
- AGAP Institute, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Roberto Fritsche-Neto
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - John Damien Platten
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Daniel Joseph Pisano
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Alaine Gulles
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Ma Teresa Sta Cruz
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Joie Ramos
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Gem Faustino
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Sankalp Bhosale
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Waseem Hussain
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
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Singh UM, Dixit S, Alam S, Yadav S, Prasanth VV, Singh AK, Venkateshwarlu C, Abbai R, Vipparla AK, Badri J, Ram T, Prasad MS, Laha GS, Singh VK, Kumar A. Marker-assisted forward breeding to develop a drought-, bacterial-leaf-blight-, and blast-resistant rice cultivar. THE PLANT GENOME 2022; 15:e20170. [PMID: 34845865 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Among the different challenges related to rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation, drought, bacterial leaf blight (BLB), and blast are the key stresses that significantly affect grain yield (GY) in rice. To ameliorate this issue, marker-assisted forward breeding (MAFB) coupled with a simultaneous crossing approach was used to combine three drought tolerant quantitative trait loci (QTL)-qDTY1.1 , qDTY3.1 , and qDTY12.1 -four BLB genes-Xa4, xa5, xa13, and Xa21-and one blast-resistance gene, Pi9, in the elite rice cultivar Lalat. The introgression lines (ILs) developed in the current study were phenotypically screened for drought, BLB, and blast resistance at the F7 -F8 generation. Under the reproductive stage (RS) drought stress, the yield advantage of ILs, with major-effect QTL (qDTY) over elite parent Lalat, ranges from 9 to 124% in DS2019 and from 7 to 175% in WS2019. The selected ILs were highly resistant to BLB, with lesion lengths ranging from 1.3 to 3.0 cm and blast scores ranging from 1 to 3. ILs that were tolerant to RS drought, resistant to BLB, and blast disease and had similar or higher yields than Lalat were analyzed for grain quality. Six ILs were found to have similar grain quality characteristics to Lalat including hulling, milling, head rice recovery (HRR), chalkiness, alkali spreading value (ASV), and amylose content (AC). This study showed that MAFB, together with simultaneous crossing, would be an effective strategy to rapidly combine multiple stresses in rice. The ILs developed in this study could help to ensure yield sustainability in rainfed environments or be used as genetic material in future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Maheshwar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Regional Centre, Varanasi, India
| | - Shilpi Dixit
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Regional Centre, Varanasi, India
| | - Shamshad Alam
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shailesh Yadav
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Arun Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Challa Venkateshwarlu
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ragavendran Abbai
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Abhilash Kumar Vipparla
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jyothi Badri
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tilatoo Ram
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Gouri Sankar Laha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Regional Centre, Varanasi, India
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
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Multiparent-Derived, Marker-Assisted Introgression Lines of the Elite Indian Rice Cultivar, ‘Krishna Hamsa’ Show Resistance against Bacterial Blight and Blast and Tolerance to Drought. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11050622. [PMID: 35270092 PMCID: PMC8912774 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Major biotic stresses viz., bacterial blight (BB) and blast and brown plant hopper (BPH) coupled with abiotic stresses like drought stress, significantly affect rice yields. To address this, marker-assisted intercross (IC) breeding involving multiple donors was used to combine three BB resistance genes—xa5, xa13 and Xa21, two blast resistance genes—Pi9 and Pi54, two BPH resistance genes—Bph20 and Bph21, and four drought tolerant quantitative trait loci (QTL)—qDTY1.1, qDTY2.1, qDTY3.1 and qDTY12.1—in the genetic background of the elite Indian rice cultivar ‘Krishna Hamsa’. Three cycles of selective intercrossing followed by selfing coupled with foreground selection and phenotyping for the target traits resulted in the development of 196 introgression lines (ILs) with a myriad of gene/QTL combinations. Based on the phenotypic reaction, the ILs were classified into seven phenotypic classes of resistance/tolerance to the following: (1) BB, blast and drought—5 ILs; (2) BB and blast—10 ILs; (3) BB and drought—9 ILs; (4) blast and drought—42 ILs; (5) BB—3 ILs; (6) blast—84 ILs; and (7) drought—43 ILs; none of the ILs were resistant to BPH. Positive phenotypic response (resistance) was observed to both BB and blast in 2 ILs, BB in 9 ILs and blast in 64 ILs despite the absence of corresponding R genes. Inheritance of resistance to BB and/or blast in such ILs could be due to the unknown genes from other parents used in the breeding scheme. Negative phenotypic response (susceptibility) was observed in 67 ILs possessing BB-R genes, 9 ILs with blast-R genes and 9 ILs harboring QTLs for drought tolerance. Complex genic interactions and recombination events due to the involvement of multiple donors explain susceptibility in some of the marker positive ILs. The present investigation successfully demonstrates the possibility of rapid development of multiple stress-tolerant/resistant ILs in the elite cultivar background involving multiple donors through selective intercrossing and stringent phenotyping. The 196 ILs in seven phenotypic classes with myriad of gene/QTL combinations will serve as a useful genetic resource in combining multiple biotic and abiotic stress resistance in future breeding programs.
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Peng M, Lin X, Xiang X, Ren H, Fan X, Chen K. Characterization and Evaluation of Transgenic Rice Pyramided with the Pi Genes Pib, Pi25 and Pi54. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:78. [PMID: 34494175 PMCID: PMC8423957 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00512-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence of new pathogen strains of Magnaporthe oryzae is a major reason for recurrent failure of the resistance mediated by a single resistance gene (Pi) in rice. Stacking various Pi genes in the genome through marker-assisted selection is thus an effective strategy in rice breeding for achieving durable resistance against the pathogen. However, the effect of pyramiding of multiple Pi genes using transgenesis still remains largely unknown. RESULTS Three Pi genes Pib, Pi25 and Pi54 were transferred together into two rice varieties, the indica variety Kasalath and the japonica variety Zhenghan 10. Transgenic plants of both Kasalath and Zhenghan 10 expressing the Pi transgenes showed imparted pathogen resistance. All the transgenic lines of both cultivars also exhibited shorter growth periods with flowering 2-4 days early, and shorter plant heights with smaller panicle. Thus, pyramiding of the Pi genes resulted in reduced grain yields in both rice cultivars. However, tiller numbers and grain weight were generally similar between the pyramided lines and corresponding parents. A global analysis of gene expression by RNA-Seq suggested that both enhancement and, to a lesser extent, inhibition of gene transcription occurred in the pyramided plants. A total of 264 and 544 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in Kasalath and Zhenghan 10, respectively. Analysis of the DEGs suggested that presence of the Pi transgenes did not alter gene expression only related to disease resistance, but also impacted many gene transcriptions in the pathways for plant growth and development, in which several were common for both Kasalath and Zhenghan 10. CONCLUSION Pyramiding of the Pi genes Pib, Pi25 and Pi54 via transgenesis is a potentially promising approach for improving rice resistance to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. However, pleiotropic effects of the Pi genes could potentially result in yield loss. These findings support the idea that immunity is often associated with yield penalties. Rational combination of the Pi genes based on the genetic background may be important to balance yield and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Peng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 106 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaomin Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 106 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Xiang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 106 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Huibo Ren
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 106 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 106 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Kegui Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 106 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China.
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20
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Gene Pyramiding for Sustainable Crop Improvement against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10091255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural production is endangered by several ecological factors, such as drought, extreme temperatures, excessive salts, parasitic ailments, and insect pest infestation. These challenging environmental factors may have adverse effects on future agriculture production in many countries. In modern agriculture, conventional crop-breeding techniques alone are inadequate for achieving the increasing population’s food demand on a sustainable basis. The advancement of molecular genetics and related technologies are promising tools for the selection of new crop species. Gene pyramiding through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and other techniques have accelerated the development of durable resistant/tolerant lines with high accuracy in the shortest period of time for agricultural sustainability. Gene stacking has not been fully utilized for biotic stress resistance development and quality improvement in most of the major cultivated crops. This review emphasizes on gene pyramiding techniques that are being successfully deployed in modern agriculture for improving crop tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses for sustainable crop improvement.
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