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Ndhlovu A, Human LRD, Adams JB, Rishworth GM, Olisah C, Bornman TG. Ecological risk assessment of metal pollutants in two agriculturally impacted estuaries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115572. [PMID: 37757718 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A focused diagnosis of ecosystem health in two South African estuaries (Kromme and Gamtoos) was conducted. Four pollution indices were used, i.e., geoaccumulation (Igeo), ecological risk (RI), contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI), to assess toxicity levels of metal contaminants in relation to background values. The Igeo results (11.1 %) can be classified as contaminated, with Cd, the only element with high values in both estuaries. Likely sources (herbicides, pesticides) of Cd are used in the agricultural dominated catchments. There was a high concentration of Mn (13.4 ± 2.51 and 12.3 ± 1.13 μg·g-1) and Fe (1289 ± 243 and 1291 ± 130 μg·g-1) at site 4 for Gamtoos and Kromme estuary respectively compared to the other metal elements. Although results indicate low metal contamination, with increasing global anthropogenic pressure, continuous monitoring should be prioritised to assist in managing estuarine systems that support a wide range of socio-economic and ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldwin Ndhlovu
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; DSI/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystem, Institute of Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; South African Environmental Observation Network, Elwandle Node, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Sedgefield 6573, South Africa.
| | - Lucienne R D Human
- Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; South African Environmental Observation Network, Elwandle Node, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - Janine B Adams
- Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; DSI/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystem, Institute of Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - Gavin M Rishworth
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; DSI/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystem, Institute of Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - Chijioke Olisah
- Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; DSI/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystem, Institute of Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; South African Environmental Observation Network, Elwandle Node, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/753, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas G Bornman
- Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa; South African Environmental Observation Network, Elwandle Node, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
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2
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Luan J, Zhang S, Xu Y, Wen L, Feng X. Effects of microplastic exposure on the early developmental period and circadian rhythm of zebrafish (Danio rerio): A comparative study of polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114994. [PMID: 37167737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyglycolic acid (PGA) is an emerging biodegradable plastic material. Together with polylactic acid (PLA), PGA is considered a suitable alternative to conventional plastics and has been widely used in biomedical and food packaging industries. However, degradable plastics continue to face the drawbacks of harsh degradation environment and long degradation time, and may harm the environment and the human body. Therefore, our study focused on assessing the effects of degradable microplastics PGA and PLA on the development and neurobehavior of zebrafish. The results showed that PGA and PLA had little effect on 3-10 hpf embryos. However, developmental stunting was observed in a100 mg/L PGA and PLA-exposed group at 24 hpf. In addition, PGA and PLA exposure decreased the survival and hatching rates, increased wakefulness, and reduced sleep in zebrafish. This indicates that PGA and PLA may affect the circadian behavior of zebrafish by affecting the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Therefore, our results suggest that PGA and PLA exposure induces developmental toxicity, reduces voluntary locomotion, induces of anxiety-like behaviors, and impairs sleep/wake behaviors in zebrafish larvae. This also suggests that the potentially toxic effects of degradable plastics cannot be ignored and that the biological effects of PGA require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Luan
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yixin Xu
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liang Wen
- China Shenhua Coal To Liquid and Chemical CO., LTD. of China Energy, Beijing 100011, China.
| | - Xizeng Feng
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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3
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Mendonça-Gomes JM, Charlie-Silva I, Guimarães ATB, Estrela FN, Calmon MF, Miceli RN, Sanches PRS, Bittar C, Rahal P, Cilli EM, Ahmed MAI, Vogel CFA, Malafaia G. Shedding light on toxicity of SARS-CoV-2 peptides in aquatic biota: A study involving neotropical mosquito larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117818. [PMID: 34333265 PMCID: PMC8291650 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about how the COVID-19 pandemic can affect aquatic wildlife is still extremely limited, and no effect of SARS-CoV-2 or its structural constituents on invertebrate models has been reported so far. Thus, we investigated the presence of the 2019-new coronavirus in different urban wastewater samples and, later, evaluated the behavioral and biochemical effects of the exposure of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae to two SARS-CoV-2 spike protein peptides (PSPD-2002 and PSPD-2003) synthesized in our laboratory. Initially, our results show the contamination of wastewater by the new coronavirus, via RT-qPCR on the viral N1 gene. On the other hand, our study shows that short-term exposure (48 h) to a low concentration (40 μg/L) of the synthesized peptides induced changes in the locomotor and the olfactory-driven behavior of the C. quinquefascitus larvae, which were associated with increased production of ROS and AChE activity (cholinesterase effect). To our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the larval phase of a freshwater invertebrate species. The results raise concerns at the ecological level where the observed biological effects may lead to drastic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ives Charlie-Silva
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Neves Estrela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano; Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Marilia Freitas Calmon
- Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"; São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Nava Miceli
- SeMAE - Serviço Municipal Autonômo de Água e Esgoto, São José do Rio Preto; São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo R S Sanches
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista; Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Bittar
- Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"; São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Rahal
- Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"; São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Cilli
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista; Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology and Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano; Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlância, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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4
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Alves RN, Mariz CF, de Melo Alves MK, Cavalcanti MGN, de Melo TJB, de Arruda-Santos RH, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Carvalho PSM. Contamination and Toxicity of Surface Waters Along Rural and Urban Regions of the Capibaribe River in Tropical Northeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:3063-3077. [PMID: 34324728 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Capibaribe River provides water to a population of 1.7 million people in the Brazilian northeast, while receiving agricultural runoff and industrial and domestic effluents along its 280 km. The present study evaluated the ecotoxicity of surface waters along ten sites in rural and urban areas using zebrafish (Danio rerio) early-life stages and related it to water quality indices and chemical abiotic variables. Lethality rates, delays in embryo-larval development quantified by the general morphology score (GMS), and frequencies of developmental abnormalities were analyzed. A correlation was detected between zebrafish GMS and water quality index (WQI), sensitivity to domestic sewage contamination, and trophic state index, focused on eutrophication. These indices agreed in identifying a spatial pattern of smaller impact in terms of ecotoxicity, domestic sewage contamination, and eutrophication risk at three sites in rural areas (mean GMS 16.9), an intermediate impact at four sites with urban and agricultural influence (mean GMS 16.4), and greatest impacts at three more urbanized sites (mean GMS 14.9). Most frequent developmental abnormalities included noninflation of the swim bladder, delayed hatching, nonprotrusion of the mouth, blood stasis, and nondevelopment of pectoral fins. Toxic NH3 concentrations varied spatially, with higher concentrations in urban sites; and blood stasis correlated positively with NH3 , suggesting a causal relationship. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in both rural and urbanized sites, contributing to detected toxicity. The present study demonstrates the potential of zebrafish early-life stages as an ecotoxicological model that may contribute to a better understanding of surface water quality and ecotoxicity in tropical river systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3063-3077. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romulo Nepomuceno Alves
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Célio Freire Mariz
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Roxanny Helen de Arruda-Santos
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Paulo S M Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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5
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Saiki P, Mello-Andrade F, Gomes T, Rocha TL. Sediment toxicity assessment using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model system: Historical review, research gaps and trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148633. [PMID: 34182436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sediment is an important compartment in aquatic environments and acts as a sink for environmental pollutants. Sediment toxicity tests have been suggested as critical components in environmental risk assessment. Since the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been indicated as an emerging model system in ecotoxicological tests, a scientometric and systematic review was performed to evaluate the use of zebrafish as an experimental model system in sediment toxicity assessment. A total of 97 papers were systematically analyzed and summarized. The historical and geographical distributions were evaluated and the data concerning the experimental design, type of sediment toxicity tests and approach (predictive or retrospective), pollutants and stressors, zebrafish developmental stages and biomarkers responses were summarized and discussed. The use of zebrafish to assess the sediment toxicity started in 1996, using mainly a retrospective approach. After this, research showed an increasing trend, especially after 2014-2015. Zebrafish exposed to pollutant-bound sediments showed bioaccumulation and several toxic effects, such as molecular, biochemical, morphological, physiological and behavioral changes. Zebrafish is a suitable model system to assess the toxicity of freshwater, estuarine and marine sediments, and sediment spiked in the laboratory. The pollutant-bound sediment toxicity in zebrafish seems to be overall dependent on physical and chemical properties of pollutants, experimental design, environmental factor, developmental stages and presence of organic natural matter. Overall, results showed that the zebrafish embryos and larvae are suitable model systems to assess the sediment-associated pollutant toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Saiki
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás (IFG), Câmpus Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás (IFG), Câmpus Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Tânia Gomes
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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6
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Culicov OA, Trtić-Petrović T, Balvanović R, Petković A, Ražić S. Spatial distribution of multielements including lanthanides in sediments of Iron Gate I Reservoir in the Danube River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:44877-44889. [PMID: 33851297 PMCID: PMC8364546 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13752-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies show that lanthanides (Ln) are becoming emerging pollutants due to their wide application in new technologies, but their environmental fate, transport, and possible accumulation are still relatively unknown. This study aims to determine major and trace elements including Ln in the Danube River sediment which either belong or close to the Iron Gate Reservoir. The Iron Gate Reservoir is characterized by accumulation of sediments as an effect of building hydropower dam Iron Gate I. The surface sediments were collected on the Danube River-1141 to 864 km and three tributaries along this waterway. Two samples of deep sediments were used for comparison. The results indicate the significant upward enrichment of Zn, Sb, Cr, Nd, and Dy in sediments belongs to the Iron Gate Reservoir. The sample 4-Smed is labelled as a hot spot of contamination with Zn, Cr, As, Sb, Nd, and Dy. Also, a trend of increasing concentration in the time period from 1995 to 2016 was found for elements Zn, Cr, and Ni in sediment samples in the Iron Gate Reservoir. Chemometric analysis shows the grouping of sample sites into clusters characterized by the following properties: (i) increased concentration of all measured elements (samples within the Iron Gate Reservoir); (ii) increased Cu concentration (11-Pek); and (iii) lower concentrations of the measured elements (deep sediments). The data presented hereby contribute to the monitoring of pollution of the River Danube sediments and give the first view of Ln profile in the studied sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Ana Culicov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russian Federation
- National Institute for R&D in Electrical Engineering ICPE-CA, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tatjana Trtić-Petrović
- Laboratory of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia.
| | - Roman Balvanović
- Laboratory of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia
| | - Anđelka Petković
- "JaroslavČerni" Institute for the Development of Water Resources, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Ražić
- Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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7
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Jing X, Su S, Zhang C, Zhu J, Hou Y, Li Z, Yang X, Zhou X, He X, Munganga BP, Tang Y, Xu P. Dynamic changes in microbial community structure in farming pond water and their effect on the intestinal microbial community profile in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Genomics 2021; 113:2547-2560. [PMID: 34029696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water quality parameter dynamics, gut, sediment and water bacteria communities were studied to understand the environmental influence on the gut microbial community of a new strain of Huanghe common carp. A total of 3,384,078 raw tags and 5105 OTUs were obtained for the gut, water and sediment bacteria. The water quality had a stronger influence on the water bacteria community than gut and sediment bacteria communities. The ambient water quality parameters also significantly influenced the water and sediment bacteria communities. Comparing the gut, sediment, and water microbial communities, a relationship was found among them. However, gut bacteria were more closely related to sediment bacterial communities than to water bacteria communities. The results showed that the top three bacterial taxa were identical in gut and sediment samples in the early days of rearing. Interestingly, bacterial communities in the carp gut, water, and sediment had different adaptabilities to variations in environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Jing
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Shengyan Su
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Yiran Hou
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Zhixun Li
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou 2450044, PR China
| | - Xingli Yang
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou 2450044, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou 2450044, PR China
| | - Xugang He
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | | | - Yongkai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China.
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8
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Chagas TQ, Araújo APDC, Malafaia G. Biomicroplastics versus conventional microplastics: An insight on the toxicity of these polymers in dragonfly larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143231. [PMID: 33138995 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The toxicological safety of products developed as alternative for conventional plastics (i.e., petroleum derivatives) inevitably demands conducting (eco)toxicological studies. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the biochemical toxicity of polyethylene microplastics (PE MPs) (representative of conventional MPs) and polylactic acid biomicroplastics (PLA BioMPs) in Aphylla williamsoni larvae used as experimental models. Animals subjected to short exposure to both pollutants (48 h), at environmentally relevant concentration (6 mg/L). At the end of the experiment, different toxicity biomarkers were evaluated. To assess the possible impact of pollutants on the nutritional status of the animals, the total protein, total soluble carbohydrate and triglyceride levels were determined. However, we did not observe differences between the groups, which suggests that PE MPs and PLA BioMPs did not affect the animals' energy metabolism, inducing them to a nutritional deficit. However, larvae exposed to PLA BioMPs have shown increased nitrite and lipid peroxidation levels, which supports the hypothesis that these pollutants increase oxidative stress processes in the animals evaluated, which can affect the animals' physiological homeostasis from different changes. In addition, the decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and of total thiols levels, in these same animals, is suggestive of the impact of PLA BioMPs on the antioxidant defenses, causing a REDOX imbalance, never before reported. On the other hand, decreased AChE activity was only observed in larvae exposed to PLA BioMPs, which demonstrates the anticholinergic activity of the tested polymers; the consequences of which include changes in different neurophysiological functions. Thus, the current study has helped improving the scientific knowledge about impacts caused by PLA BioMPs on freshwater ecosystems, as well as corroborated assertions about the risks posed by such biopolymers on these environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Quintão Chagas
- Biological Research Laboratory, Post-graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Biological Research Laboratory, Post-graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Goiano Federal Institute and Federal University of Goiás, GO, Brazil.
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9
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de Oliveira JPJ, Estrela FN, Rodrigues ASDL, Guimarães ATB, Rocha TL, Malafaia G. Behavioral and biochemical consequences of Danio rerio larvae exposure to polylactic acid bioplastic. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124152. [PMID: 33068943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The literature has largely shown the toxicity of petroleum-based PLA biomicroplastics (PLABioMPs) and encouraged the production of alternative materials to replace their use, such as biopolymers. However, knowledge concerning the effects of biopolymers on aquatic organisms remains under development. The hypothesis that the acute exposure (five days) to polylactic acid (PLA) biopolymers may lead to behavioral and biochemical changes and to their accumulation in Danio rerio larvae was tested. Based on the results, PLA biomicroplastics (PLA BioMPs) at concentration of 3 and 9 mg/L decreased swimming distance and speed of larvae in the open field test. This outcome suggests effects on animals' locomotor and exploration activities. Larvae's longer immobility time and greater permanence in the peripheral zone of the apparatus is indicative of anxiety-like behavior caused by the exposure to PLA BioMPs. Zebrafish larvae accumulated PLA BioMPs and their acetylcholinesterase activity was inhibited by their presence, which reinforces the accumulative potential of biopolymers and their direct or indirect role as anxiogenic agents, even at sublethal concentrations. The decreased activity of acetylcholinesterase reinforces the neurotoxic action in groups exposed to PLA BioMPs. The current study has confirmed the initial hypothesis and is an insight about the toxicity of these biopolymers in D. rerio larvae, since it deepens the discussion about the environmental risk of these substances in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Neves Estrela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, Goiás, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil.
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10
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Guimarães ATB, Estrela FN, Rodrigues ASDL, Chagas TQ, Pereira PS, Silva FG, Malafaia G. Nanopolystyrene particles at environmentally relevant concentrations causes behavioral and biochemical changes in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123864. [PMID: 33264938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The biometric, behavioral and biochemical toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs) in aquatic freshwater vertebrates and in environmentally relevant concentrations remains poorly known. Thus, using different toxicity biomarkers we tested the hypothesis that the exposure of Ctenopharyngodon idella juveniles to small PS NPs concentrations (0.04 ng/L, 34 ng/L and 34 μg/L), for a short period-of-time, may affect their growth/development, individual and collective behavior, and biochemical parameters. Animals exposed to NPs did not show increased biometric parameters (i.e.: body biomass, total and standard length, peduncle height, head height and visceral somatic and hepatosomatic indices). Despite the lack of damage on the locomotor (open field test) and visual (visual stimulus test) abilities of the evaluated fish, the expected increase in locomotor activity during the vibratory stimulus test was not evident in animals exposed to NPs. Non-exposed animals were the only ones showing increased activity/locomotion time in the presence of the predatory stimulus during the individual anti-predatory response test. The behavior of animals directly confronted with a potential predator has evidenced the influence of NPs on shoals' aggregation and on the distance kept by individuals from the predatory stimulus. These changes were associated with PS NPs accumulation in animals' brains, oxidative stress and increased acetylcholinesterase activity (hepatic and cerebral). Therefore, the current study has confirmed the initial hypothesis and showed that, even at low concentrations, PS NPs can affect the health of C. idella individuals at early life stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano- Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Neves Estrela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano- Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano- Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Thales Quintão Chagas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano- Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Guimarães Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano- Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano- Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil.
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11
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Guimarães ATB, Estrela FN, Pereira PS, de Andrade Vieira JE, de Lima Rodrigues AS, Silva FG, Malafaia G. Toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in Ctenopharyngodon idella juveniles: A genotoxic, mutagenic and cytotoxic perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141937. [PMID: 33207528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increased contamination of surface water with plastic waste is proportional to the increased consumption of products that use them as raw material. However, the impact of these residues on aquatic biota remains limited, mainly when it comes to nanoplastics (NPs). Thus, the aim of the current study is to test the hypothesis that the exposure of Ctenopharyngodon idella juveniles to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs) at low concentrations (0.04 ng/L, 34 ng/L and 34 μg/L), for 20 days, leads to DNA damage and has mutagenic and cytotoxic effects on their erythrocytes. Comet assay enabled observing that DNA damage (inferred from the greater tail length, DNA percentage in the tail and Olive tail moment) induced by PS NPs has increased as the pollutant concentrations have increased, as well as that the formation of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities was equitable in animals exposed to this pollutant. On the other hand, there were significant changes in erythrocyte shape and size, oxidative stress generation (NO levels, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide), antioxidant system inhibition (mediated by total hepatic glutathione) and PS NPs accumulation in the liver and brain of animals exposed to higher concentrations of it. Therefore, the current study has confirmed the initial hypothesis and enhanced the knowledge about the genotoxic, mutagenic and cytotoxic potential of PS NPs in freshwater fish at early developmental stage, relating these effects to biochemical changes and significant accumulation of these nanomaterials. Besides, it is a warning about the (eco) toxicological risk represented by these nanopollutants in aquatic environments. CAPSULE: Polystyrene nanoplastics are capable of inducing DNA damage, mutagenic and cytotoxicity changes in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Neves Estrela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano Guimarães Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil.
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12
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Saygin H, Baysal A. Degradation of subµ-sized bioplastics by clinically important bacteria under sediment and seawater conditions: Impact on the bacteria responses. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 56:9-20. [PMID: 33470889 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1833591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the interaction of submicron-sized bioplastics with environmentally and clinically important bacteria under seawater and sediment conditions. To examine the relationship between submicron-sized bioplastics and bacteria in seawater and sediment, we focused on the bacterial activation and their biochemical key events toward the protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and antioxidant response. In addition, culture-dependent biofilm formation on submicron-sized bioplastics and their characterization was performed. The results indicated that selected bacteria increased their viability both in seawater and sediment with the submicron-sized bioplastics in that the bioplastics decreased their mass at the level of 10-23%. However, the activation level and mechanism affected the polymer type, bacteria, and environmental media, and submicron-sized bioplastics promoted biofilm formation with enhancing basophilic characteristics of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Saygin
- Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies, T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Baysal
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Xia X, Sun M, Zhou M, Chang Z, Li L. Polyvinyl chloride microplastics induce growth inhibition and oxidative stress in Cyprinus carpio var. larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:136479. [PMID: 31982190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and accumulation of microplastics in wildlife and humans have become a serious global scale concern over the last decade. To evaluate the potential toxic effects of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) microplastics in freshwater fish larvae, we conducted chronic 30-day and 60-day dietary exposure using Cyprinus carpio var. larvae. We exposed the larvae to four treatments with different microplastic concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) using food rationed diets, in conjunction with a non-plastic control. The results indicated that microplastics significantly inhibited weight gain and growth under all PVC treatments, compared to the control group. SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) activities were analyzed, and an inverse relationship between them was observed. The activities of GPx (glutathione peroxidase) initially ascended and then descended with increased PVC concentrations following 30 days of exposure. A dose dependent downtrend was observed after 60 days of exposure. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly reduced upon exposure to different concentrations of microplastics in various tissues. Altered antioxidant-related gene expression was observed in the livers of larvae exposed to the PVC microplastics. The transcription of CYP1A and GSTa initially increased, and then decreased under higher microplastics concentrations following 30 days of exposure. Furthermore, histological studies revealed cytoplasmic vacuolation in the liver under exposure to 20% and 30% microplastics. This investigation provided basic toxicological data toward elucidating and quantifying the impacts of PVC microplastics on freshwater organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Xia
- Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Menghan Sun
- Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Zhongjie Chang
- Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Li Li
- Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China.
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Malafaia G, de Souza AM, Pereira AC, Gonçalves S, da Costa Araújo AP, Ribeiro RX, Rocha TL. Developmental toxicity in zebrafish exposed to polyethylene microplastics under static and semi-static aquatic systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 700:134867. [PMID: 31706091 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Different studies have reported the ecotoxicological effects of polyethylene microplastics (PE MPs) on aquatic organisms; however, little is known about their toxicity in the early life stages of aquatic vertebrates living in freshwater ecosystems. Thus, the aim of the current study is to evaluate the toxicity of PE MPs throughout the development of Danio rerio after their static and semi-static exposure to different concentrations of these pollutants (6.2, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L) - models were monitored at different time-periods, namely: 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h. Based on the collected data, small PE MP concentrations have harmful effects on D. rerio embryos and larvae; the magnitude and characteristics of these effects depend on the adopted exposure system, which can be static or semi-static. PE MPs had negative effect on embryos' hatching rate in both exposure systems. However, the early hatching observed during the exposure through the static system could explain the lower larval survival rate after egg hatching. Nevertheless, PE MPs induced significant changes in various morphometric parameters. The present study is the first to assess the addressed topic; therefore, it is recommended to carry out future investigations to broaden the knowledge about PE MP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Malafaia
- Biological Research Laboratory, Post-graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Andreza Martins de Souza
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Aryelle Canedo Pereira
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Stênio Gonçalves
- Post-graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo
- Biological Research Laboratory, Post-graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Renan Xavier Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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15
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Blumensaat F, Leitão JP, Ort C, Rieckermann J, Scheidegger A, Vanrolleghem PA, Villez K. How Urban Storm- and Wastewater Management Prepares for Emerging Opportunities and Threats: Digital Transformation, Ubiquitous Sensing, New Data Sources, and Beyond - A Horizon Scan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:8488-8498. [PMID: 31291095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitous sensing will create many opportunities and threats for urban water management, which are only poorly understood today. To identify the most relevant trends, we conducted a horizon scan regarding how ubiquitous sensing will shape the future of urban drainage and wastewater management. Our survey of the international urban water community received an active response from both the academics and the professionals from the water industry. The analysis of the responses demonstrates that emerging topics for urban water will often involve experts from different communities, including aquatic ecologists, urban water system engineers and managers, as well as information and communications technology professionals and computer scientists. Activities in topics that are identified as novel will either require (i) cross-disciplinary training, such as importing new developments from the IT sector, or (ii) research in new areas for urban water specialists, for example, to help solve open questions in aquatic ecology. These results are, therefore, a call for interdisciplinary research beyond our own discipline. They also demonstrate that the water management community is not yet prepared for the digital transformation, where we will experience a data demand, i.e. a "pull" of urban water data into external services. The results suggest that a lot remains to be done to harvest the upcoming opportunities. Horizon scanning should be repeated on a routine basis, under the umbrella of an experienced polling organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Blumensaat
- Eawag , Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Chair of Urban Water Systems , ETH Zurich , Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - João P Leitão
- Eawag , Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Christoph Ort
- Eawag , Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Jörg Rieckermann
- Eawag , Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Andreas Scheidegger
- Eawag , Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Peter A Vanrolleghem
- modelEAU, Université Laval , Département de génie civil et de génie des eaux , 1065 av. de la Médecine , Québec , Québec G1 V 0A6 , Canada
- CentrEau , Université Laval , 1065 av. de la Médecine , Québec , Québec G1 V 0A6 , Canada
| | - Kris Villez
- Eawag , Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
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