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Iqbal Z, Azad R, Chen XS, Lin XL, Zhou Z, Wang XM, Nie RE. A New Species of Scymnus (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from Pakistan with Mitochondrial Genome and Its Phylogenetic Implications. INSECTS 2024; 15:371. [PMID: 38786927 PMCID: PMC11122443 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a new species of the subgenus Pullus belonging to the Scymnus genus from Pakistan, Scymnus (Pullus) cardi sp. nov., was described and illustrated, with information on its distribution, host plants, and prey. Additionally, the completed mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the new species using high-throughput sequencing technology was obtained. The genome contains the typical 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, and 22 transfer RNAs) and a non-coding control region, and is arranged in the same order as that of the putative ancestor of beetles. The AT content of the mitogenome is approximately 85.1%, with AT skew and GC skew of 0.05 and -0.43, respectively. The calculated values of relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) determine that the codon UUA (L) has the highest frequency. Furthermore, we explored the phylogenetic relationship among 59 representatives of the Coccinellidae using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods, the results of which strongly support the monophyly of Coccinellinae. The phylogenetic results positioned Scymnus (Pullus) cardi in a well-supported clade with Scymnus (Pullus) loewii and Scymnus (Pullus) rubricaudus within the genus Scymnus and the tribe Scymnini. The mitochondrial sequence of S. (P.) cardi will contribute to the mitochondrial genome database and provide helpful information for the identification and phylogeny of Coccinellidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; (Z.I.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Rashid Azad
- Department of Entomology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan;
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; (Z.I.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Zichen Zhou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK;
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Xing-Min Wang
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui-E Nie
- Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; (Z.I.); (X.-L.L.)
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Poorani J. An illustrated guide to the lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part II. Tribe Chilocorini. Zootaxa 2023; 5378:1-108. [PMID: 38220796 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5378.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
An illustrated guide to the lady beetles of the tribe Chilocorini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellinae) of the Indian region is presented. Brief diagnostic accounts of six genera and 31 species are given with supporting illustrations of the diagnostic characters, including genitalia, wherever possible. Details of distribution, host insects / plant associations, and seasonal occurrences are provided for the first time based on extensive collections, label data and published literature. Chilocorus keralensis sp. n. is described from the Western Ghats, South India. Brumoides lineatus sensu Kapur 1967, recorded from the Andaman Islands, is found to be distinct from B. lineatus Weise 1885, and described and illustrated as B. andamanensis sp. n. Phaenochilus indicus Miyatake, 1970 and P. flaviceps Miyatake, 1970 are transferred to Chilocorus Leach (comb. n.) following the latest phylogenetic generic classification of Chilocorini. Three species, Chilocorus albomarginalis (Li & Wang), Chilocorus nigricaeruleus Li & Wang and Chilocorus yunlongensis Cao & Xiao, all originally described from China, are added to the Indian fauna of Chilocorini based on material examined from the north-eastern Indian states of Assam, Meghalaya, and Manipur, respectively. For nine species, illustrations of the life stages are included to facilitate their field identification. A key to the genera and an updated and revised checklist of the Chilocorini of the Indian subcontinent are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Poorani
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana; Thogamalai Road; Thayanur Post; Tiruchirappalli 620102; Tamil Nadu; India.
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3
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Poorani J. An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini. Zootaxa 2023; 5332:1-307. [PMID: 38221116 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5332.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
An illustrated guide to the tribe Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellinae) of the Indian Subcontinent comprising 119 species of 30 genera is presented. Brief diagnostic accounts of the genera and the species included therein are given with supporting illustrations of diagnostic characters, including genitalia, wherever available. Details of distribution, prey and plant associations, and seasonal occurrence are provided based on collections, label data and literature. For 31 species, illustrations of the life stages are included to facilitate the field identification of the immature stages. Adalia puetzi Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1986 is synonymized with Adalia simmondsi Kapur & Sudha Rao, 1962 (new synonym). Oenopia smetanai Canepari, 1997 is removed from synonymy with O. flavidbrunna Jing, 1986 and restored as a valid species (status revised). Illeis kapuri Anand, Gupta & Ghai is transferred to Ortalia Mulsant, 1850 (new combination). Two new species, Harmonia andamanensis sp. n. and Phrynocaria prathapani sp. n. are described and illustrated from the Andamans and the Western Ghats, respectively. Coelophora lushuiensis (Jing, 1992) is documented as a new record for India (Manipur). An updated checklist of the Coccinellini of the Indian Subcontinent is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Poorani
- ICARNational Research Centre for Banana; Thogamalai Road; Thayanur Post; Tiruchirappalli 620102; Tamil Nadu; India.
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4
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Santos-Cividanes TM, Cividanes FJ, Souza LS, Matos STS, Ramos TO. Life tables of the ladybird beetles Harmonia axyridis, Cycloneda sanguinea and Hippodamia convergens reared on the greenbug Schizaphis graminum. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e263276. [PMID: 35894351 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.263276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a biological control agent that also may adversely impact other coccinellid species. Life table parameters were used to assess the population growth potential and the effects of interspecific competition between the invasive lady beetle H. axyridis and the native coccinellids Hippodamia convergens and Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) under laboratory conditions at 25 °C, using Schizaphis graminum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as prey. The effects of the abiotic factors air temperature and humidity on these coccinellids by conducting a survey in a sorghum crop under average conditions of 18.1 °C and 53.5%, respectively, were also assessed. Fecundity was higher in C. sanguinea (1021.0 eggs per female) and H. axyridis (1029.2 eggs per female) than in H. convergens (484.5 eggs per female). The majority of the life table parameters showed no significant differences. The instantaneous rates of population increase (rm) of C. sanguinea, H. axyridis, and H. convergens were 0.195, 0.198, and 0.194 d-1, respectively. Based on the life table parameters obtained in this study, all three species of Coccinellidae showed a similar capacity to control a S. graminum population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - L S Souza
- Faculdade Quirinópolis, Quirinópolis, GO, Brasil
| | - S T S Matos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - T O Ramos
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, Machado, MG, Brasil
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Fadel MA, Elmasry DMA, Mohamed FH, Badawy AM, Elsamadony HA. Development and validation of UV chromatographic method for quantification of copper and copper nanoparticles in different matrices and pharmaceutical products. PEERJ ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj-achem.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The applications of Cu and CuNPs based on the earth-abundant and inexpensive Cu metal have generated a great deal of interest in recent years, including medical applications. A novel, specific, precise, accurate and sensitive reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with UV detection has been developed and validated to quantify copper (Cu) and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in different biological matrices and pharmaceutical products.
Methods
The developed method has been validated for linearity, precision, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Cu concentration was detected in pharmaceutical products without an extraction process. Moreover, liver, serum and muscle tissues were used as biological matrices. High Cu recovery in biological samples was afforded by using citric acid as a green chelating agent, exact extraction time and pH adjustment. Cu pharmaceutical and biological samples were eluted by acetonitrile: ammonium acetate (50 mM) with 0.5 mg/ml EDTA (30:70 v:v) as an isocratic mobile phase. EDTA reacted with Cu ions forming a Cu-EDTA coloured complex, separated through the C18 column and detected by UV at 310 nm.
Results
The developed method was specific with a short retention time of 4.95 min. It achieved high recovery from 100.3% to 109.9% in pharmaceutical samples and 96.8–105.7% in biological samples. The precision RSD percentage was less than two. The method was sensitive by achieving low detection limits (DL) and quantification limits (QL).
Conclusion
The validated method was efficient and economical for detecting Cu and CuNPs by readily available chemicals as EDTA and Citric acid with C18 column, which present the best results on RP-HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai A. Fadel
- Pharmacology and Pyrogen Unit, Department of Chemistry, Toxicology and Feed Deficiency, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia M. A. Elmasry
- Nanomaterials Research and Synthesis Unit, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Farida H. Mohamed
- Department of Immunology Research, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M. Badawy
- Department of Immunology Research, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A. Elsamadony
- Department of Poultry Disease and Research, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
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Hemptinne J, Lecompte E, Sentis A, Dixon AFG, Magro A. Prey life-history influences the evolution of egg mass and indirectly reproductive investment in a group of free-living insect predators. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8438. [PMID: 35127006 PMCID: PMC8796932 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between risk and benefit of exploiting resources drives life-history evolution in organisms. Predators are naturally recognized as major drivers of the life-history evolution of their prey. Although prey may also influence the life-history evolution of their predators in the context of an evolutionary arms race, there is far more evidence of the role of predators than of prey.The goal of this study was to investigate the role of prey in life-history evolution of predators using ladybird beetle predators of aphids and coccids. These particular ladybirds and their prey were chosen because literature shows that the pace of life of aphids is faster than that of coccids and this difference is reflected in the life histories of the ladybirds that specialize on feeding on aphids or coccids.Thirty-four species of ladybird predators of aphids and eight of coccids belonging to five different tribes were collected and reared in the laboratory. The females were weighed as well as their eggs, and their reproductive investment estimated as the number of ovarioles. Phylogenetic relatedness was controlled for in the statistical analyses.Controlling for female mass revealed that ladybird predators of aphids lay bigger eggs than ladybird predators of coccids. This difference is not influenced by phylogenetic relatedness but only by the type of prey eaten. We suggest that ladybird predators of coccids lay smaller eggs because neonate larvae do not have to search, catch, and subdue prey. Both types of ladybirds have a similar reproductive investment relative to their body mass when phylogeny is controlled for.Recognizing the influence of prey on the life-history evolution of predators is important for understanding food web dynamics. From an applied perspective, this fine evolutionary tuning of prey-predator relationships should be used to guide and increase the efficiency of biological control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Louis Hemptinne
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (UMR EDB 5174)Université de ToulouseCNRSIRDUPSToulouseFrance
| | - Emilie Lecompte
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (UMR EDB 5174)Université de ToulouseCNRSIRDUPSToulouseFrance
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- INRAEAix‐Marseille UniversityUMR RECOVERAix‐en‐ProvenceFrance
| | - Anthony F. G. Dixon
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- Global Change Research Institute CASBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Alexandra Magro
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (UMR EDB 5174)Université de ToulouseCNRSIRDUPSToulouseFrance
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Li X, Song N, Zhang H. Comparative and phylogenomic analyses of mitochondrial genomes in Coccinellidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea). PeerJ 2021; 9:e12169. [PMID: 34966567 PMCID: PMC8667754 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coccinellidae are one of the most familiar beetle families, the ladybirds. Despite the great ecological and economic significance, the phylogenetic relationships of Coccinellidae remain poorly understood. One of the reasons is that the sequenced mitogenomes available for this family are very limited. We sequenced complete or nearly complete mitogenomes from seven species of the tribe Coccinellini with next-generation sequencing. All species have the same gene content and gene order as the putatively ancestral insect mitogenome. A large intergenic spacer region (> 890 bp) was found located between trnI and trnQ. The potential for using secondary structures of the large and small ribosomal subunits for phylogenetic reconstruction was predicted. The phylogenetic relationships were explored through comparative analyses across more than 30 coccinellid species. We performed phylogenetic analyses with both concatenation methods (Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference) and multispecies coalescent method (ASTRAL). Phylogenetic results strongly supported the monophyly of Coccinellidae. Within Coccinellidae, the Epilachnini and the Coccinellini including Halyziini were monophyletic, while the Scymnini and Coccidulini were non-monophyletic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nan Song
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Ugine TA, Krasnoff SB, Behmer ST. Omnivory in predatory lady beetles is widespread and driven by an appetite for sterols. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Todd A. Ugine
- Department of Entomology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | - Stuart B. Krasnoff
- Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit USDA‐ARSRobert W. Holley Center Ithaca NY USA
| | - Spencer T. Behmer
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
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Del G. da R. Celli N, Almeida LM, Basílio DS, Castro CF. The way to maturity: taxonomic study on immatures of Southern Brazilian Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species important in biological control. ZOOLOGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.38.e64154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Among the predatory ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera), members of the Coccinellini, predators of aphids and psyllids, stand out. Although the beneficial status of these beetles has been acknowledged by biological control researchers, there are no keys or detailed studies on the immature stages of South American Coccinellidae, especially Coccinellini. We provide descriptions and illustrations of the immatures and adults of major predatory Coccinellini species in southern Brazil along with an identification key for fourth instar larvae and pupae. The following species are included: Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1763), Eriopis connexa (Germar, 1824), Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773), Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, 1842 and Olla v-nigrum (Mulsant, 1866). The morphological study, which included the use of scanning electron microscopy, revealed new characters such as the type of tarsal claws, spiracles, chalazae, parascoli and strumae. The identification key provided here may be useful in biological control programs.
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10
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Interactions of ants with native and invasive lady beetles and the role of chemical cues in intraguild interference. CHEMOECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-021-00354-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe predator-predator naïveté hypothesis suggests that non-native predators benefit from being unknown to native predators, resulting in reduced intraguild interference with native predators. This novelty advantage should depend on the ability of native predators to recognize cues of non-native predators. Here, we compared ant aggression and lady beetle reaction in four native and the invasive lady beetle species Harmonia axyridis. In addition, we tested whether lady beetle cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are involved in species recognition, which might explain naïveté if the invasive species has a specific CHC profile. To this end, we conducted behavioral assays confronting two native ant species with both living lady beetles and lady beetle elytra bearing or lacking CHCs of different lady beetle species. Finally, we characterized CHC profiles of the lady beetles using GC–MS. In general, the aggression of Lasius niger was more frequent than that of Myrmica rubra and L. niger aggression was more frequent towards most native lady beetle species compared to H. axyridis. The removal of CHCs from lady beetle elytra reduced aggression of both ant species. If CHCs of respective lady beetle species were added on cue-free elytra, natural strength of L. niger aggression could be restored. CHC analyses revealed a distinct cue composition for each lady beetle species. Our experiments demonstrate that the presence of chemical cues on the surface of lady beetles contribute to the strength of ant aggression against lady beetles. Reduced aggression of L. niger towards H. axyridis and reduced avoidance behavior in H. axyridis compared to the equally voracious C. septempunctata might improve the invasive lady beetle’s access to ant-tended aphids.
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Ugine TA, Gill HK, Hernandez N, Grebenok RJ, Behmer ST, Losey JE. Predator Performance and Fitness Is Dictated by Herbivore Prey Type Plus Indirect Effects of their Host Plant. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:877-888. [PMID: 33528738 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Animals, including herbivores and predators, use diet-mixing to balance their macro- and micronutrient intake. Recent work demonstrated that lady beetles fed only pea aphids from fava beans had reduced fitness caused by a deficiency of dietary sterols. However, beetles redressed this deficit by eating fava bean leaves. In the current study we used Coccinella septempunctata as a model to test the hypotheses that pea aphids are a poor sterol resource independent of their host plant, and that fava beans produce low quality prey regardless of aphid species. Additionally, we tested the reproductive rescue capacity of alfalfa and barley foliage compared to fava, and profiled the sterols of phloem exudates, foliage, and aphids reared on these different hosts. Beetle fecundity and egg viability was significantly better when provided pea aphids reared on alfalfa (compared to fava beans) and green peach aphids reared on fava plants. Alfalfa and barley leaves were not consumed by beetles and did not support beetle reproduction. The sterol profile of aphids largely reflected their host plant phloem. However, green peach aphids from fava acquired 125-times more sterol than pea aphids from fava. Our findings show how the sterol content of different host-plants can affect the third trophic level. Our results suggest that 1) prey quality varies depending on prey species, even when they occur on the same plant, 2) plant species can mediate prey quality, 3) host plant-mediated effects on prey quality partially drive omnivory, and 4) diet-mixing benefits growth and reproduction by redressing micronutrient deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Ugine
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 169 Helios Circle, Ithaca, NY, 14853-2601, USA.
| | - Harsimran K Gill
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 169 Helios Circle, Ithaca, NY, 14853-2601, USA
| | - Nicolo Hernandez
- Department of Biology, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY, 14208, USA
| | | | - Spencer T Behmer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2475, USA
| | - John E Losey
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 169 Helios Circle, Ithaca, NY, 14853-2601, USA
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Li HS, Tang XF, Huang YH, Xu ZY, Chen ML, Du XY, Qiu BY, Chen PT, Zhang W, Ślipiński A, Escalona HE, Waterhouse RM, Zwick A, Pang H. Horizontally acquired antibacterial genes associated with adaptive radiation of ladybird beetles. BMC Biol 2021; 19:7. [PMID: 33446206 PMCID: PMC7807722 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00945-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has been documented in many herbivorous insects, conferring the ability to digest plant material and promoting their remarkable ecological diversification. Previous reports suggest HGT of antibacterial enzymes may have contributed to the insect immune response and limit bacterial growth. Carnivorous insects also display many evolutionary successful lineages, but in contrast to the plant feeders, the potential role of HGTs has been less well-studied. RESULTS Using genomic and transcriptomic data from 38 species of ladybird beetles, we identified a set of bacterial cell wall hydrolase (cwh) genes acquired by this group of beetles. Infection with Bacillus subtilis led to upregulated expression of these ladybird cwh genes, and their recombinantly produced proteins limited bacterial proliferation. Moreover, RNAi-mediated cwh knockdown led to downregulation of other antibacterial genes, indicating a role in antibacterial immune defense. cwh genes are rare in eukaryotes, but have been maintained in all tested Coccinellinae species, suggesting that this putative immune-related HGT event played a role in the evolution of this speciose subfamily of predominant predatory ladybirds. CONCLUSION Our work demonstrates that, in a manner analogous to HGT-facilitated plant feeding, enhanced immunity through HGT might have played a key role in the prey adaptation and niche expansion that promoted the diversification of carnivorous beetle lineages. We believe that this represents the first example of immune-related HGT in carnivorous insects with an association with a subsequent successful species radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xue-Fei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yu-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ze-Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Mei-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- School of Environment and Life Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Xue-Yong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Bo-Yuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Pei-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Adam Ślipiński
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Hermes E Escalona
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Zwick
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences / School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Che L, Zhang P, Deng S, Escalona HE, Wang X, Li Y, Pang H, Vandenberg N, Ślipiński A, Tomaszewska W, Liang D. New insights into the phylogeny and evolution of lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) by extensive sampling of genes and species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 156:107045. [PMID: 33352317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.107045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ladybirds (family Coccinellidae) are one of the most diverse groups of beetles and globally comprise over 6000 species. Despite their scientific and economic significance, the taxonomy of Coccinellidae remains unstable, and we still know little about their evolutionary history. By using a small number of genes, previous phylogenetic analyses have not reliably resolved the relationships among major ladybird lineages. In this study, we sequenced 94 nuclear protein-coding genes for 214 species of Coccinellidae and 14 outgroups, covering 90 genera and 35 tribes. We found that nucleotide compositional heterogeneity is present among ladybird tribes so that phylogenetic inference at the amino acid level is more reliable than at the DNA level. Based on the maximum likelihood analyses of the amino acid dataset, we recognize three subfamilies in Coccinellidae: Microweiseinae, Monocoryninae stat. nov., and Coccinellinae. The subfamily relationships are strongly supported as (Microweiseinae, (Monocoryninae stat. nov., Coccinellinae)). The tribes of ladybirds are mostly monophyletic, except Ortaliini, Sticholotidini, Scymnini, and Coccidulini. The phylogenetic relationships among tribes of Coccinellinae are still not well resolved, with many nodes weakly supported. Our divergence time analysis suggests that the crown group of extant lady beetles arose in the Early Cretaceous ~ 143 million years ago (Mya) and experienced a rapid diversification during the Late Cretaceous (120-70 Mya). We hypothesize that the boom of angiosperms in the Late Cretaceous promoted the diversification of herbivorous Sternorrhyncha insects, especially aphids, which in turn drove the rapid radiation of predatory lady beetles. In summary, our work provides a comprehensive time-calibrated phylogeny of Coccinellidae that provides a sound framework for revising their classification and understanding the origin of their biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiHeng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ShaoHong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hermes E Escalona
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Xingmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province; Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Li
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Hong Pang
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Natalia Vandenberg
- Systematic Entomology Lab, Agricultural Research Service, USDA c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
| | - Adam Ślipiński
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Wioletta Tomaszewska
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, Warszawa 00-679, Poland.
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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KAÇAR G, KOCA AS. Elma, Kiraz ve Fındık Bahçelerindeki Coccinellid Türlerinin Sezonsal Dinamikleri. ULUSLARARASI TARIM VE YABAN HAYATI BILIMLERI DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.24180/ijaws.799991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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15
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Salazar K, Nattier R. New Light on Historical Specimens Reveals a New Species of Ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Morphological, Museomic, and Phylogenetic Analyses. INSECTS 2020; 11:E766. [PMID: 33172182 PMCID: PMC7694756 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural history collections house an important source of genetic data from yet unexplored biological diversity. Molecular data from museum specimens remain underexploited, which is mainly due to the degradation of DNA from specimens over time. However, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology can now be used to sequence "old" specimens. Indeed, many of these specimens are unique samples of nomenclatural types and can be crucial for resolving systematic or biogeographic scientific questions. Two ladybird beetle specimens from Patagonia corresponding to a new species of the genus Eriopis Mulsant were found in the collections of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris. Here, we describe Eriopis patagonia Salazar, sp. nov. Total DNA of one of the two specimens was sequenced by NGS using a paired-end Illumina approach. We reconstruct and characterize the mitochondrial genome of this species (16,194 bp). Then, the protein-coding genes (PCGs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) were used to infer by maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference the phylogenetic position of E. patagonia among 27 representatives of Coccinellidae. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the position of Eriopis as sister group to Cycloneda Crotch. Hence, we highlight the high potential of sequencing technology for extracting molecular information from old specimens, which are used here for the systematic study of a genus, while demonstrating the importance of preserving biological collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Salazar
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France;
- Grupo de Investigación Insectos de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Romain Nattier
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France;
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Ugine TA, Nagra A, Grebenok RJ, Behmer ST, Losey JE. Herbivory improves the fitness of predatory beetles. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:2473-2484. [PMID: 32909254 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
While many predatory arthropods consume non-prey foods from lower trophic levels, little is known about what drives the shift from predator to omnivore. Predatory lady beetles often consume non-prey foods like plant foliage and pollen. One species, Coccinella septempunctata, eats foliage to redress sterol deficits caused by eating sterol-deficient prey. Here we explore how omnivory benefits lady beetle fitness. We reared seven species of lady beetles-from five genera distributed across the tribe Coccinellini-on pea aphids in the presence or absence of fava bean foliage; pea aphids have very low sterol content. Foliage supplements lengthened the development times of four species and decreased survival to adulthood of two species; it had no effect on adult mass. We mated beetles in a 2 × 2 factorial design (males with or without foliage paired with females with or without foliage). For each species, we observed a profound paternal effect of foliage supplements on fitness. Females mated to foliage-supplemented males laid more eggs and more viable eggs compared to females mated to non-supplemented males. Foliage-supplemented males produced 2.9-4.6 times more sperm compared to non-supplemented males for the three species we examined. We analysed the sterol profile of four beetle species reared on pea aphids-with or without foliage-and compared their sterol profile to field-collected adults. For two laboratory-reared species, sterols were not detected in adult male beetles, and overall levels were generally low (total ng of sterol/beetle range: 3-33 ng); the exception being Propylea quatuordecimpunctata females (total ng of sterol/beetle range: 50-157 ng). Laboratory-reared lady beetle sterol content was not significantly affected by the presence of foliage. Field-collected beetles had higher levels of sterols compared to laboratory-reared beetles (2,452-145,348 ng per beetle); cholesterol and sitosterol were the dominant sterols in both field-collected and laboratory-reared beetles. Our findings indicate that herbivory benefits lady beetle fitness across the Coccinellini, and that this was entirely a paternal effect. Our data provide a rare example of a nutritional constraint impacting fitness in a sex-specific manner. It also shows, more broadly, how a nutritional constraint can drive predators towards omnivory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Ugine
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Avneet Nagra
- Department of Biology, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Spencer T Behmer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - John E Losey
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Satellitome Analysis in the Ladybird Beetle Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070783. [PMID: 32668664 PMCID: PMC7397073 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippodamia variegata is one of the most commercialized ladybirds used for the biological control of aphid pest species in many economically important crops. This species is the first Coccinellidae whose satellitome has been studied by applying new sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools. We found that 47% of the H. variegata genome is composed of repeated sequences. We identified 30 satellite DNA (satDNA) families with a median intragenomic divergence of 5.75% and A+T content between 45.6% and 74.7%. This species shows satDNA families with highly variable sizes although the most common size is 100–200 bp. However, we highlight the existence of a satDNA family with a repeat unit of 2 kb, the largest repeat unit described in Coleoptera. PCR amplifications for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probe generation were performed for the four most abundant satDNA families. FISH with the most abundant satDNA family as a probe shows its pericentromeric location on all chromosomes. This location is coincident with the heterochromatin revealed by C-banding and DAPI staining, also analyzed in this work. Hybridization signals for other satDNA families were located only on certain bivalents and the X chromosome. These satDNAs could be very useful as chromosomal markers due to their reduced location.
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Huang W, Xie X, Peng F, Liang X, Wang X, Chen X. Optimizing the widely used nuclear protein-coding gene primers in beetle phylogenies and their application in the genus Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Ecol Evol 2020; 10:7731-7738. [PMID: 32760560 PMCID: PMC7391345 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomic biology and the increasing availability of genomic resources allow developing hundreds of nuclear protein-coding (NPC) markers, which can be used in phylogenetic research. However, for low taxonomic levels, it may be more practical to select a handful of suitable molecular loci for phylogenetic inference. Unfortunately, the presence of degenerate primers of NPC markers can be a major impediment, as the amplification success rate is low and they tend to amplify nontargeted regions. In this study, we optimized five NPC fragments widely used in beetle phylogenetics (i.e., two parts of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase: CADXM and CADMC, Topoisomerase, Wingless and Pepck) by reducing the degenerate site of primers and the length of target genes slightly. These five NPC fragments and 6 other molecular loci were amplified to test the monophyly of the coccinellid genus Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg. The analysis of our molecular data set clearly supported the genus Sasajiscymnus may be monophyletic but confirmation with an extended sampling is required. A fossil-calibrated chronogram was generated by BEAST, indicating an origin of the genus at the end of the Cretaceous (77.87 Myr). Furthermore, a phylogenetic informativeness profile was generated to compare the phylogenetic properties of each gene more explicitly. The results showed that COI provides the strongest phylogenetic signal among all the genes, but Pepck, Topoisomerase, CADXM and CADMC are also relatively informative. Our results provide insight into the evolution of the genus Sasajiscymnus, and also enrich the molecular data resources for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiufeng Xie
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic CollegeGuangzhouChina
| | - Feng Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinyue Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Xingmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaosheng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
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Li W, Chen B, Huo L, Chen X, Wang X. New records and checklist of Chilocorini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from China. Biodivers Data J 2020; 8:e51092. [PMID: 32665761 PMCID: PMC7329919 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.8.e51092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background China is one of the countries with the greatest species diversity of Chilocorini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), including nearly forty-five percent of the known genera and fourteen percent of all described species in this tribe. Recently, we discovered three species previously not recorded in China. New information In this study, three species Priscibrumusuropygialis (Mulsant, 1853), Priscibrumusdisjunctus Canepari, 1997 and Brumusoctosignatus (Gebler, 1830) are documented for the first time in China. Brumusoctosignatus is the first member of the genus Brumus Mulsant, 1850 recorded in China. Detailed descriptions, illustrations and distributions of these three species are provided. A checklist of Chinese Chilocorini is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Bingxu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Lizhi Huo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, Guangdong Province; Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education & Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, Guangdong Province; Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education & Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaosheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, Guangdong Province; Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education & Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, Guangdong Province; Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education & Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Xingmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, Guangdong Province; Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education & Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, Guangdong Province; Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education & Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
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20
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Khormizi MZ, Nedvěd O. Oenopia shirkuhensis sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from Iran mimicking Adalia bipunctata. Zookeys 2020; 915:107-116. [PMID: 32148425 PMCID: PMC7052024 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.915.46390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oenopia shirkuhensis sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) is described and illustrated. It was found in the mountains around Shirkooh mountain, Yazd province, and in the Kukhbenan Mountains, Kerman province, Iran. It is similar to a common ladybird Adalia bipunctata by the colour pattern on elytra. Congeneric species occurring in Iran, O. conglobata and partly O. oncina are illustrated for comparison, and an identification key is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Zare Khormizi
- Yazd Provincial Office of Department of Environment, Yazd, Iran Yazd Provincial Office of Department of Environment Yazd Iran
| | - Oldřich Nedvěd
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic.,Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice Czech Republic
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21
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Hounkpati K, McHugh JV, Niang AA, Goergen G. Documenting museum records of West African Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) in Benin and Senegal. Biodivers Data J 2020; 8:e47340. [PMID: 32002014 PMCID: PMC6981310 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.8.e47340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This work provides a preliminary inventory of West African Coccinellidae. This was based on the West African Coccinellidae (WAC) specimens in the holdings of insect collections at the Laboratoire de Zoologie des Invertébrés Terrestres at the Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire Cheikh Anta Diop (IFAN), Senegal and the Biodiversity Center at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITAB), Benin. New information A total of 129 species representing 11 tribes and 40 genera is reported, including one species of the subfamily Microweiseinae and 128 species of the subfamily Coccinellinae. The geographic distribution of collection localities is presented for these species. Cheilomeneslunata (Fabricius, 1775), Cheilomenespropinqua (Mulsant, 1850), Cheilomenessulphurea (Olivier, 1791), Chnootribaelaterii (Rossi, 1794), Chnootribasimilis (Thunberg, 1781), Exochomuslaeviusculus Weise, 1909, Hyperaspisdelicatula (Mulsant, 1850) and Hyperaspispumila Mulsant, 1850 are the best represented species in these collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwevitoukoui Hounkpati
- Grain de Sel Togo, Inc., Athens, United States of America Grain de Sel Togo, Inc. Athens United States of America.,Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States of America Department of Entomology, University of Georgia Athens United States of America
| | - Joseph V McHugh
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States of America Department of Entomology, University of Georgia Athens United States of America
| | - Abdoul Aziz Niang
- Laboratoire de Zoologie des Invertébrés Terrestres, Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal Laboratoire de Zoologie des Invertébrés Terrestres, Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal
| | - Georg Goergen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Benin International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Cotonou Benin
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Chen ML, Huang YH, Qiu BY, Chen PT, Du XY, Li HS, Pang H. Changes in life history traits and transcriptional regulation of Coccinellini ladybirds in using alternative prey. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:44. [PMID: 31937243 PMCID: PMC6958754 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ladybird beetles (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) are highly diverse in their feeding habits. Most of them are specialist feeders, while some can have a broad spectrum of prey. As a representative group of generalists, the tribe Coccinellini includes many aphidophagous species, but members of this tribe also feed on other hemipterous insects including coccids, psyllids and whiteflies. As a result, several species are effective biological control agents or invasive species with serious non-target effects. Despite their economic importance, relatively little is known about how they adapt to new prey. RESULTS In this study, comparisons of the life history traits and transcriptomes of ladybirds fed initial (aphids) and alternative prey (mealybugs) were performed in three Coccinellini species. The use of alternative prey greatly decreased performance, implied by the significantly prolonged development time and decreased survival rate and adult weight. Prey shifts resulted in a set of differentially expressed genes encoding chemosensory proteins and digestive and detoxifying enzymes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that these generalists do not perform well when they use alternative prey as the sole nutrition source. Although their capacity for predation might have created an opportunity to use varied prey, they must adapt to physiological obstacles including chemosensing, digestion and detoxification in response to a prey shift. These findings challenge the effect of Coccinellini predators on the biological control of non-aphid pests and suggest the possibility of non-target attacks by so-called specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yu-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Bo-Yuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Pei-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xue-Yong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hao-Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Yuan M, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Li M, Wang X, Feng R, Tang P. Mitogenome evolution in ladybirds: Potential association with dietary adaptation. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:1042-1053. [PMID: 32015863 PMCID: PMC6988538 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary shifts can alter the relative availability of different nutrients and are therefore associated with metabolic adaptation in animals. The Coccinellidae (ladybirds) exhibits three major types of feeding habits and provides a useful model to study the effects of dietary changes on the evolution of mitogenomes, which encode proteins directly involved in energy metabolism. Here, mitogenomes of three coccinellid species were newly sequenced. These data were combined with other ten previously sequenced coccinellid mitogenomes to explore the relationship between mitogenome evolution and diets. Our results indicate that mitogenomic data can be effectively used to resolve phylogenetic relationships of Coccinellidae. Strong codon usage bias in coccinellid mitogenomes was predominantly determined by nucleotide composition. The 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs) globally evolved under negative constraints, with some PCGs showing a stronger purifying selection. Six PCGs (nad3, nad4L, and nad5 from Complex I; cox1 and cox3 from Complex IV; and atp6 from Complex V) displayed signs of positive selection. Of these, adaptive changes in cox3 were potentially associated with metabolic differences resulting from dietary shifts in Coccinellidae. Our results provide insights into the adaptive evolution of coccinellid mitogenomes in response to both dietary shifts and other life history traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Long Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Li‐Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Qi‐Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Run‐Qiu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Pei‐An Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and SafetyCollege of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
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Seo BY, Park J, Kwon W, Park J. The complete mitochondrial genome of Aiolocaria hexaspilota (Hope, 1831) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1598828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yoon Seo
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyun Park
- InfoBoss Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- InfoBoss Research Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochan Kwon
- InfoBoss Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- InfoBoss Research Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- InfoBoss Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- InfoBoss Research Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Chen ML, Wang T, Huang YH, Qiu BY, Li HS, Pang H. Physiological and Evolutionary Changes in a Biological Control Agent During Prey Shifts Over Several Generations. Front Physiol 2018; 9:971. [PMID: 30072921 PMCID: PMC6060241 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological control agents usually suffer from a shortage of target prey or hosts in their post-release stage. Some predatory agents turn to attacking other prey organisms, which may induce physiological and evolutionary changes. In this study, we investigated life history traits, gene expression and genotype frequency in the predatory ladybird beetle Cryptolaemus montrouzieri during experimental prey shifts. C. montrouzieri were either continuously fed on aphids Megoura japonica as an alternative prey for four generations or were shifted back to the initial prey mealybugs Planococcus citri in each generation. In general, the utilization of aphids resulted in reduced performance and severe physiological adjustments, indicated by significant changes in development and fecundity traits and a large number of differentially expressed genes between the two offering setup prey treatments. Within the aphid-fed lines, performance regarding the developmental time, the adult weight and the survival rate recovered to some level in subsequent generations, possibly as a result of adaptive evolution. In particular, we found that a shift back to mealybugs caused a gradual increase in fecundity. Accordingly, a genotype of the fecundity-related gene vitellogenin, of which there were several minor alleles in the initial population, became the main genotype within four generations. The present study explored the short-term experimental evolution of a so-call specialist predator under prey shift conditions. This potential rapid adaptation of biological control agents to novel prey will increase environmental risks associated with non-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Yuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Mizuno T, Hayashi M, Akino T. Combined use of two defensive traits in pupae of Scymnus posticalis
ladybirds. Ethology 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Mizuno
- Applied Entomology Laboratory, Bioresource Field Science; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Ukyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology; Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Menglun, Yunnan China
| | - Masayuki Hayashi
- Faculty of Horticulture; Laboratory of Applied Entomology; Chiba University; Matsudo Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture; Laboratory of Entomology; Ryukyu University; Nishihara Japan
| | - Toshiharu Akino
- Applied Entomology Laboratory, Bioresource Field Science; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Ukyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
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27
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Zhang QL, Wang F, Guo J, Deng XY, Chen JY, Lin LB. Characterization of ladybird Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata transcriptomes across various life stages. Sci Data 2018; 5:180093. [PMID: 29870033 PMCID: PMC5987669 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata is a vegetable pest that has spread worldwide. It belongs to the Coccinellidae family, whose members exhibit remarkable diversity, both in terms of their diets and the colored spots that appear on the elytra in the adult stage. Transcriptomic data from H. vigintioctopunctata at different life stages would be useful for further investigating the genetic basis of this dietary diversity and the formation of the colored spots in ladybird beetles, as well as revealing the population dynamics of H. vigintioctopunctata, which could be useful in pest control. Here, we generated a comprehensive RNA-seq data set (a total of ~24 Gb of clean data) for H. vigintioctopunctata by sequencing samples collected at different life stages. We characterized the transcriptomes of each of the four life stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult) and generated a high-coverage pool by combining all the RNA-seq reads. Furthermore, we identified a catalog of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. This represents the first study to collect transcriptome data from all life stages of a ladybird beetle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xian-Yu Deng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- LPS, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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28
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Mayhew PJ. Comparative analysis of behavioural traits in insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 27:52-60. [PMID: 30025635 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Comparative studies of insect behaviour based on evolutionary trees are currently blossoming, because of the increasing ease of phylogeny estimation, the availability of new trait data to analyze, and a vast and growing array of statistical techniques for exploring data and testing hypotheses. These studies address not only the selective forces and constraints on insect behaviour, which are the realm of traditional behavioural ecology, but also their ecological and evolutionary consequences. Recent studies have significantly increased our understanding of foraging behaviour, interspecific interactions, locomotion and dispersal, communication and signalling, mate choice and sexual selection, parental care and the evolution of sociality. The curating of trait data remains a significant challenge to maximize the future potential of insect comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Mayhew
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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29
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Dallai R, Lino-Neto J, Dias G, Nere PHA, Mercati D, Lupetti P. Fine structure of the ladybird spermatozoa (Insecta, Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2018; 47:286-298. [PMID: 29635037 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The sperm structure of several ladybird species belonging to different subfamilies of Coccinellidae was studied. Three main sperm types were clearly recognized, and were characterized by differences in acrosomal length, the presence of a dense coat around the acrosome, the length of the basal body, the amount of the centriole adjunct material, and the diameter of the mitochondrial derivatives. However, the whole group shares a pattern of the posterior sperm region uncommon for insects, in which the axoneme and other flagellar components are running parallel with the nucleus. As a general conclusion, this study has revealed an inconsistency between the sperm structure and the systematics of the group, indicating that the generic concepts within the group do not reflect a natural classification, a statement also shared by molecular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romano Dallai
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - José Lino-Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Glenda Dias
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
| | - Pedro H A Nere
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - David Mercati
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Pietro Lupetti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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30
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Biranvand A, Tomaszewska W, Li W, Nicolas V, Shakarami J, Fekrat L, Hesami S. Review of the tribe Chilocorini Mulsant from Iran (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Zookeys 2017:43-68. [PMID: 29134036 PMCID: PMC5674205 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.712.20419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Iranian checklist of the tribe Chilocorini Mulsant, 1846 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is updated. In total, 13 species belonging to four genera (Brumoides Chapin, 1965, Chilocorus Leach, 1815, Exochomus Redtenbacher, 1843, and Parexochomus Barovsky, 1922) are listed from Iran. An identification key to all genera and species currently known from Iran is presented along with illustrations of adult specimens and male genitalia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Biranvand
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Wenjing Li
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | | | - Jahanshir Shakarami
- Plant Protection Department, Lorestan University, Agricultural faculty, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Lida Fekrat
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shahram Hesami
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
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