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Skojec C, Earl C, Couch CD, Masonick P, Kawahara AY. Phylogeny and divergence time estimation of Io moths and relatives (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Automeris). PeerJ 2024; 12:e17365. [PMID: 38827314 PMCID: PMC11144400 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The saturniid moth genus Automeris includes 145 described species. Their geographic distribution ranges from the eastern half of North America to as far south as Peru. Automeris moths are cryptically colored, with forewings that resemble dead leaves, and conspicuously colored, elaborate eyespots hidden on their hindwings. Despite their charismatic nature, the evolutionary history and relationships within Automeris and between closely related genera, remain poorly understood. In this study, we present the most comprehensive phylogeny of Automeris to date, including 80 of the 145 described species. We also incorporate two morphologically similar hemileucine genera, Pseudautomeris and Leucanella, as well as a morphologically distinct genus, Molippa. We obtained DNA data from both dry-pinned and ethanol-stored museum specimens and conducted Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) sequencing to assemble a high-quality dataset for phylogenetic analysis. The resulting phylogeny supports Automeris as a paraphyletic genus, with Leucanella and Pseudautomeris nested within, with the most recent common ancestor dating back to 21 mya. This study lays the foundation for future research on various aspects of Automeris biology, including geographical distribution patterns, potential drivers of speciation, and ecological adaptations such as antipredator defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Skojec
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Chandra Earl
- Bishop Museum, Bernice Pauahi, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | - Christian D. Couch
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Paul Masonick
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Akito Y. Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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2
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Prozorov AM, Prozorova TA, Yakovlev RV, Volkova JS, Saldaitis A, Sulak H, Revay EE, Mller GC. Description of two new species of Dinometa from East Africa with remarks on D. maputuana (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae). Zootaxa 2024; 5397:486-496. [PMID: 38221189 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5397.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The genus Dinometa Aurivillius, 1927 (type species Gastroplakaeis maputuana Wichgraf, 1906) is reviewed, with two new species described: Dinometa ethani sp. n. from Tanzania and Dinometa abigailae sp. n. from Kenya and Tanzania. All Dinometa species showed no significant differences in male genitalia, but D. ethani sp. n. and D. abigailae sp. n. are allopatric with D. maputuana. D. abigailae sp. n. has specific reddish spots on hindwings that distinguishes it from closely distributed D. ethani sp. n. Two D. maputuana specimens collected at the same night and locality in the Republic of South Africa have an intraspecific variation of 1.52% in cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, while all barcoded D. maputuana are 2.432.74% distant from D. ethani sp. n. Adults, male genitalia and distribution maps of all three species are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey M Prozorov
- University of Sciences; Techniques and Technology of Bamako; BP 1805 Bamako; Mali.
| | | | - Roman V Yakovlev
- Altai State University; pr. Lenina 61; RUS-656049 Barnaul; Russia; Tomsk State University; Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecology; Lenina pr. 36; RUS-634050 Tomsk; Russia; Samarkand State University; University blv. 15; 140104 Samarkand; Uzbekistan.
| | - Julia S Volkova
- Ulyanovsk State University; Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya Ulitsa; 1; RUS-432063 Ulyanovsk; Russia.
| | - Aidas Saldaitis
- Nature Research Centre; Akademijos str. 2; 08412 Vilnius-21; Lithuania.
| | - Harald Sulak
- Museum Witt; Max-Reger-Str. 18; 92637 Weiden in der Oberpfalz; Germany.
| | - Edita E Revay
- University of Sciences; Techniques and Technology of Bamako; BP 1805 Bamako; Mali.
| | - Gnter C Mller
- University of Sciences; Techniques and Technology of Bamako; BP 1805 Bamako; Mali; Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases; Hadassah Medical School; The Hebrew University; Kalman Yaakov Man St.; 91120 Jerusalem; Israel.
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3
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Heikkilä M, Minet J, Zwick A, Hundsdoerfer A, Rougerie R, Kitching IJ. Critical re-examination of known purported fossil Bombycoidea (Lepidoptera). PeerJ 2023; 11:e16049. [PMID: 37965290 PMCID: PMC10642363 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We critically re-examine 17 records of fossils currently assigned to the lepidopteran superfamily Bombycoidea, which includes the silk moths, emperor moths and hawk moths. These records include subfossils, compression and impression fossils, permineralizations and ichnofossils. We assess whether observable morphological features warrant their confident assignment to the superfamily. None of the examined fossils displays characters that allow unequivocal identification as Sphingidae, but three fossils and a subfossil (Mioclanis shanwangiana Zhang, Sun and Zhang, 1994, two fossil larvae, and a proboscis in asphaltum) have combinations of diagnostic features that support placement in the family. The identification of a fossil pupa as Bunaeini (Saturniidae) is well supported. The other fossils that we evaluate lack definitive bombycoid and, in several cases, even lepidopteran characters. Some of these dubious fossils have been used as calibration points in earlier studies casting doubt on the resulting age estimates. All fossil specimens reliably assigned to Bombycoidea are relatively young, the earliest fossil evidence of the superfamily dating to the middle Miocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Heikkilä
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, Luomus, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joël Minet
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Zwick
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia
| | - Anna Hundsdoerfer
- Molecular Laboratory, Museum of Zoology, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rodolphe Rougerie
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
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4
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Prozorov AM, Prozorova TA, Yakovlev RV, Volkova JS, Saldaitis A, Sulak H, Revay EE, Mller GC. A new genus of Afrotropical Lasiocampini: Revaya gen. n. (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae). Zootaxa 2023; 5369:207-222. [PMID: 38220719 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
A new genus Revaya gen. n. with Revaya yahya sp. n. (type-species) and Revaya edita sp. n. are described. A detailed diagnosis for the new genus is provided and compared with three closely related genera: Catalebeda Aurivillius, 1902; Ptyssophlebia Berio, 1937; and Oplometa, Aurivillius 1894. Male genitalia of Oplometa cassandra (Druce, 1887) and female genitalia of Ptyssophlebia discocellularis (Strand, 1912) are illustrated for the first time. Catalebeda producta, P. discocellularis and O. cassandra are recorded for the first time in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey M Prozorov
- University of Sciences; Techniques and Technology of Bamako; BP 1805 Bamako; Mali.
| | | | - Roman V Yakovlev
- Altai State University; pr. Lenina 61; RUS-656049 Barnaul; Russia. Tomsk State University; pr. Lenina 36; RUS-634050 Tomsk; Russia. Samarkand State University; University blv. 15; 140104 Samarkand; Uzbekistan..
| | - Julia S Volkova
- Ulyanovsk State University; Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya Ulitsa; 1; RUS-432063 Ulyanovsk; Russia..
| | - Aidas Saldaitis
- Nature Research Centre; Akademijos str. 2; 08412 Vilnius-21; Lithuania..
| | - Harald Sulak
- Museum Witt; Max-Reger-Str. 18; 92637 Weiden in der Oberpfalz; Germany..
| | - Edita E Revay
- University of Sciences; Techniques and Technology of Bamako; BP 1805 Bamako; Mali..
| | - Gnter C Mller
- University of Sciences; Techniques and Technology of Bamako; BP 1805 Bamako; Mali. Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases; Hadassah Medical School; The Hebrew University; Kalman Yaakov Man St.; 91120 Jerusalem; Israel..
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5
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Kmet P, Kucerova L, Sehadova H, Chia-Hsiang Wu B, Wu YL, Zurovec M. Identification of Silk Components in the Bombycoid Moth Andraca theae (Endromidae) Reveals Three Fibroin Subunits Resembling Those of Bombycidae and Sphingidae. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 147:104523. [PMID: 37187341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The silk produced by Lepidoptera caterpillars is a mixture of proteins secreted by the transformed labial glands, the silk glands (SG). The silk fiber consists of insoluble filamentous proteins that form a silk core and are produced in the posterior part of the SG and soluble coat proteins consisting of sericins and various other polypeptides secreted in the middle part of the SG. We constructed a silk gland specific transcriptome of Andraca theae and created a protein database required for peptide mass fingerprinting. We identified major silk components by proteomic analysis of cocoon silk and by searching for homologies with known silk protein sequences from other species. We identified 30 proteins including a heavy chain fibroin, a light chain fibroin and fibrohexamerin (P25) that form the silk core, as well as members of several structural families that form the silk coating. To uncover the evolutionary relationships among silk proteins, we included orthologs of silk genes from several recent genome projects and performed phylogenetic analyses. Our results confirm the recent molecular classification that the family Endromidae appears to be slightly more distant from the family Bombycidae. Our study provides important information on the evolution of silk proteins in the Bombycoidea, which is needed for proper annotation of the proteins and future functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kmet
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kucerova
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Sehadova
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bulah Chia-Hsiang Wu
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Yueh-Lung Wu
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michal Zurovec
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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Orlandin E, Piovesan M, Herbin D, Carneiro E. Immature Stages, Description of Female, and Redescription of Male of Apatelodes kotzschi Draudt, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea: Apatelodidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:92-103. [PMID: 36422841 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-01003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The genus Apatelodes Packard, 1864 comprise more than half of the known Apatelodidae species, but most of its species are placed in the genus without precise justification. The result is a heterogeneous group of species, probably forming a polyphyletic arrangement. Despite being relatively large moths and relatively abundant in light traps, only little information on the natural history and morphology of the Apatelodes immature stages has been published, and only one species is fully described including its immature stages. Aiming to increase the knowledge and provide information towards the definition of the identity of this genus, the present study describes the immature stages, provides a redescription of the male, the first description of the female of Apatelodes kotzschi Draudt, 1929, and we compare and discuss the morphological similarities among Apatelodes species. In general, the immatures of Apatelodes exhibits apparently well-conserved morphological characters, including the gross chaetotaxy configuration. Most differences are found in larval coloration patterns (mainly in the last instar larvae), pupa texture, and cremaster morphology. In contrast, imagos wings and genitalia are rich sources of diagnostic characters which can be used to identify species. However, there are still large gaps in the knowledge of the morphological characters and natural history of most species in the genus that hampers a more robust delimitation of the genus Apatelodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton Orlandin
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, P. O. Box 1920, Curitiba , Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Mônica Piovesan
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, P. O. Box 1920, Curitiba , Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Carneiro
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, P. O. Box 1920, Curitiba , Paraná, Brazil
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Nunes R, Storer C, Doleck T, Kawahara AY, Pierce NE, Lohman DJ. Predictors of sequence capture in a large-scale anchored phylogenomics project. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.943361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionized phylogenomics by decreasing the cost and time required to generate sequence data from multiple markers or whole genomes. Further, the fragmented DNA of biological specimens collected decades ago can be sequenced with NGS, reducing the need for collecting fresh specimens. Sequence capture, also known as anchored hybrid enrichment, is a method to produce reduced representation libraries for NGS sequencing. The technique uses single-stranded oligonucleotide probes that hybridize with pre-selected regions of the genome that are sequenced via NGS, culminating in a dataset of numerous orthologous loci from multiple taxa. Phylogenetic analyses using these sequences have the potential to resolve deep and shallow phylogenetic relationships. Identifying the factors that affect sequence capture success could save time, money, and valuable specimens that might be destructively sampled despite low likelihood of sequencing success. We investigated the impacts of specimen age, preservation method, and DNA concentration on sequence capture (number of captured sequences and sequence quality) while accounting for taxonomy and extracted tissue type in a large-scale butterfly phylogenomics project. This project used two probe sets to extract 391 loci or a subset of 13 loci from over 6,000 butterfly specimens. We found that sequence capture is a resilient method capable of amplifying loci in samples of varying age (0–111 years), preservation method (alcohol, papered, pinned), and DNA concentration (0.020 ng/μl - 316 ng/ul). Regression analyses demonstrate that sequence capture is positively correlated with DNA concentration. However, sequence capture and DNA concentration are negatively correlated with sample age and preservation method. Our findings suggest that sequence capture projects should prioritize the use of alcohol-preserved samples younger than 20 years old when available. In the absence of such specimens, dried samples of any age can yield sequence data, albeit with returns that diminish with increasing age.
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8
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Deng M, Liao CQ, Chen Q, Huang GH, Wang X. Phylogenetic relationships among Bombycinae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea, and Bombycidae) based on mitochondrial genomes. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 111:e21889. [PMID: 35349185 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The subfamily Bombycinae Latreille, [1802] is an important silk-producing group, including well-known economical insects. Although there are many studies on the development of these economic insects, the relationships between genera/species of this subfamily are still unclear. Two data sets of mitochondrial genomes, 13 protein-coding genes (13PCGs) and 13PCGs-AA, were used to estimate phylogenetic relationships based on the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The results strongly support the subfamily Bombycinae as a monophyletic group divided into two clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng-Qing Liao
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo-Hua Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Wang
- College of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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9
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Davis RB, Õunap E, Tammaru T. A supertree of Northern European macromoths. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264211. [PMID: 35180261 PMCID: PMC8856531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological and life-history data on the Northern European macromoth (Lepidoptera: Macroheterocera) fauna is widely available and ideal for use in answering phylogeny-based research questions: for example, in comparative biology. However, phylogenetic information for such studies lags behind. Here, as a synthesis of all currently available phylogenetic information on the group, we produce a supertree of 114 Northern European macromoth genera (in four superfamilies, with Geometroidea considered separately), providing the most complete phylogenetic picture of this fauna available to date. In doing so, we assess those parts of the phylogeny that are well resolved and those that are uncertain. Furthermore, we identify those genera for which phylogenetic information is currently too poor to include in such a supertree, or entirely absent, as targets for future work. As an aid to studies involving these genera, we provide information on their likely positions within the macromoth tree. With phylogenies playing an ever more important role in the field, this supertree should be useful in informing future ecological and evolutionary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B. Davis
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Erki Õunap
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Tammaru
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Li X, Hamilton CA, St Laurent R, Ballesteros-Mejia L, Markee A, Haxaire J, Rougerie R, Kitching IJ, Kawahara AY. A diversification relay race from Caribbean-Mesoamerica to the Andes: historical biogeography of Xylophanes hawkmoths. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212435. [PMID: 35135350 PMCID: PMC8826137 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The regions of the Andes and Caribbean-Mesoamerica are both hypothesized to be the cradle for many Neotropical lineages, but few studies have fully investigated the dynamics and interactions between Neotropical bioregions. The New World hawkmoth genus Xylophanes is the most taxonomically diverse genus in the Sphingidae, with the highest endemism and richness in the Andes and Caribbean-Mesoamerica. We integrated phylogenomic and DNA barcode data and generated the first time-calibrated tree for this genus, covering 93.8% of the species diversity. We used event-based likelihood ancestral area estimation and biogeographic stochastic mapping to examine the speciation and dispersal dynamics of Xylophanes across bioregions. We also used trait-dependent diversification models to compare speciation and extinction rates of lineages associated with different bioregions. Our results indicate that Xylophanes originated in Caribbean-Mesoamerica in the Late Miocene, and immediately diverged into five major clades. The current species diversity and distribution of Xylophanes can be explained by two consecutive phases. In the first phase, the highest Xylophanes speciation and emigration rates occurred in the Caribbean-Mesoamerica, and the highest immigration rates occurred in the Andes, whereas in the second phase the highest immigration rates were found in Amazonia, and the Andes had the highest speciation and emigration rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuankun Li
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Chris A Hamilton
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Ryan St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Department of Entomology, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France.,CESAB, Centre de Synthèse et d'Analyse sur la Biodiversité, Montpellier, France
| | - Amanda Markee
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jean Haxaire
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Rodolphe Rougerie
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Ian J Kitching
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Akito Y Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
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11
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Orlandin E, Piovesan M, Carneiro E. From molecular data to natural history: a new species of Apatelodes (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea: Apatelodidae) from southern Brazil. CAN J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2021-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Apatelodidae is a family of Neotropical bombycoids that is still poorly studied in several aspects. Besides being relatively large moths and abundant in light traps, only sources of information on the natural history of the family have been published, and basically none of this information has been used in the group’s systematics. Aiming to contribute to a better understanding of Apatelodidae life-history studies, we describe a new species of Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) from the Atlantic Forest, southern Brazil, including information from all life stages of the species. We also use DNA barcodes to support species delimitation. Apatelodes je sp. nov. can be differentiated from other species of Apatelodes by the colour of the wings, the morphology of the genitalia, and molecular evidence. Its relationship to other Apatelodes species is discussed taking into account its systematic position, morphology, and natural history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton Orlandin
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 19020, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 19020, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Mônica Piovesan
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 19020, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 19020, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Carneiro
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 19020, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 19020, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
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12
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The Role of Filippi's Glands in the Silk Moths Cocoon Construction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413523. [PMID: 34948319 PMCID: PMC8708004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Filippi’s glands (FGs), formerly also called Lyonet’s glands, are accessory secretory structures of the labial (silk) glands of lepidopteran caterpillars, which were implicated to play an important role in the maturation of the silk material and the construction of the cocoon. In our previous study, we have identified several species of giant silk moths that completely lack the FGs. Interestingly, the absence of FGs in these species correlates with the construction of a loose cocoon architecture. We investigated the functions of FGs by their surgical extirpation in the last instar larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. We found that the absence of FGs altered the structure of the resulting cocoon, in which the different layers of silk were separated. In further experiments, we found no effects of the absence of FGs on larval cocoon formation behavior or on changes in cocoon mass or lipid content. Differential proteomic analysis revealed no significant contribution of structural proteins from FGs to silk cocoon material, but we identified several low abundance proteins that may play a role in posttranslational modifications of some silk proteins. Proteomic analysis also revealed a difference in phosphorylation of the N-terminal sequence of fibroin-heavy chain molecule. Thus, FGs appear to affect silk stickiness during spinning by regulating posttranslational modifications. This could also explain the link that exists between the absence of these glands and the formation of loose cocoons in some giant silk moth species.
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Aiello BR, Sikandar UB, Minoguchi H, Bhinderwala B, Hamilton CA, Kawahara AY, Sponberg S. The evolution of two distinct strategies of moth flight. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210632. [PMID: 34847789 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Across insects, wing shape and size have undergone dramatic divergence even in closely related sister groups. However, we do not know how morphology changes in tandem with kinematics to support body weight within available power and how the specific force production patterns are linked to differences in behaviour. Hawkmoths and wild silkmoths are diverse sister families with divergent wing morphology. Using three-dimensional kinematics and quasi-steady aerodynamic modelling, we compare the aerodynamics and the contributions of wing shape, size and kinematics in 10 moth species. We find that wing movement also diverges between the clades and underlies two distinct strategies for flight. Hawkmoths use wing kinematics, especially high frequencies, to enhance force and wing morphologies that reduce power. Silkmoths use wing morphology to enhance force, and slow, high-amplitude wingstrokes to reduce power. Both strategies converge on similar aerodynamic power and can support similar body weight ranges. However, inter-clade within-wingstroke force profiles are quite different and linked to the hovering flight of hawkmoths and the bobbing flight of silkmoths. These two moth groups fly more like other, distantly related insects than they do each other, demonstrating the diversity of flapping flight evolution and a rich bioinspired design space for robotic flappers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett R Aiello
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Usama Bin Sikandar
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hajime Minoguchi
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | - Chris A Hamilton
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Akito Y Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.,Department Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Simon Sponberg
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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14
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Orlandin E, Piovesan M, Carneiro E. Biological and morphological aspects of Drepatelodes Draudt, 1929, the genus sister to all other Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2021.2003585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elton Orlandin
- Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mônica Piovesan
- Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Carneiro
- Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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15
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The Filippi's Glands of Giant Silk Moths: To Be or Not to Be? INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12111040. [PMID: 34821840 PMCID: PMC8619679 DOI: 10.3390/insects12111040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary It is well documented that silkworms (Saturniidae) possess silk glands’ accessory glandular organs, the Filippi’s glands (FGs). These accessory glands are believed to play an important role in the cocoon construction. Unexpectedly, we have identified several silk moth species that are completely missing the FGs during the entire larval development and still produce fully functional cocoons. This finding suggests that the role of FGs is not crucial for the cocoon spinning. Abstract The Filippi’s glands (FGs), formerly “Lyonet’s glands”, are paired accessory organs associated with the silk glands. They are unique to Lepidoptera caterpillars and their exact role is not clear. The FGs are thought to be involved in the construction of a silk cocoon in bombycoid moths. FGs can differ in size and shape, therefore, in this study we attempt to find a correlation between FG morphology and phylogenetic position within the Bombycoidea. We use light and electron microscopy to examine the presence and morphology of FGs in a range of wild (giant) silk moths and several related species. Our results confirm that the majority of studied silk moth species have complex type of FGs that continuously increase in size during larval development. We identified several species of giant silk moths and two hawk moth species that completely lack FGs throughout their larval development. Finally, in several hawk moth species in which FGs are well developed during the first larval stage, these glands do not grow and remain small during later larval growth. Our results suggest that FGs are not critical for spinning and that loss of FGs occurred several times during the evolution of saturniids and sphingids. Comparison of FGs in different moths is an important first step in the elucidation of their physiological significance.
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Hamilton CA, Winiger N, Rubin JJ, Breinholt J, Rougerie R, Kitching IJ, Barber JR, Kawahara AY. Hidden phylogenomic signal helps elucidate arsenurine silkmoth phylogeny and the evolution of body size and wing shape trade-offs. Syst Biol 2021; 71:859-874. [PMID: 34791485 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key objectives in biological research is understanding how evolutionary processes have produced Earth's diversity. A critical step towards revealing these processes is an investigation of evolutionary tradeoffs - that is, the opposing pressures of multiple selective forces. For millennia, nocturnal moths have had to balance successful flight, as they search for mates or host plants, with evading bat predators. However, the potential for evolutionary trade-offs between wing shape and body size are poorly understood. In this study, we used phylogenomics and geometric morphometrics to examine the evolution of wing shape in the wild silkmoth subfamily Arsenurinae (Saturniidae) and evaluate potential evolutionary relationships between body size and wing shape. The phylogeny was inferred based on 782 loci from target capture data of 42 arsenurine species representing all 10 recognized genera. After detecting in our data one of the most vexing problems in phylogenetic inference - a region of a tree that possesses short branches and no "support" for relationships (i.e., a polytomy), we looked for hidden phylogenomic signal (i.e., inspecting differing phylogenetic inferences, alternative support values, quartets, and phylogenetic networks) to better illuminate the most probable generic relationships within the subfamily. We found there are putative evolutionary trade-offs between wing shape, body size, and the interaction of fore- and hindwing shape. Namely, body size tends to decrease with increasing hindwing length but increases as forewing shape becomes more complex. Additionally, the type of hindwing (i.e., tail or no tail) a lineage possesses has a significant effect on the complexity of forewing shape. We outline possible selective forces driving the complex hindwing shapes that make Arsenurinae, and silkmoths as a whole, so charismatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris A Hamilton
- Florida Museum of Natural History, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.,Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology & Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844 USA
| | - Nathalie Winiger
- Florida Museum of Natural History, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.,Wildlife Ecology and Management, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliette J Rubin
- Florida Museum of Natural History, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Jesse Breinholt
- Florida Museum of Natural History, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.,Division of Bioinformatics, Intermountain Healthcare, Precision Genomics, St. George, UT 84790 USA
| | - Rodolphe Rougerie
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Ian J Kitching
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Jesse R Barber
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725 USA
| | - Akito Y Kawahara
- Florida Museum of Natural History, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
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17
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Li X, St Laurent R, Earl C, Doorenweerd C, van Nieukerken EJ, Davis DR, Johns CA, Kawakita A, Kobayashi S, Zwick A, Lopez-Vaamonde C, Ohshima I, Kawahara AY. Phylogeny of gracillariid leaf-mining moths: evolution of larval behaviour inferred from phylogenomic and Sanger data. Cladistics 2021; 38:277-300. [PMID: 34710244 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gracillariidae is the most taxonomically diverse cosmopolitan leaf-mining moth family, consisting of nearly 2000 named species in 105 described genera, classified into eight extant subfamilies. The majority of gracillariid species are internal plant feeders as larvae, creating mines and galls in plant tissue. Despite their diversity and ecological adaptations, their phylogenetic relationships, especially among subfamilies, remain uncertain. Genomic data (83 taxa, 589 loci) were integrated with Sanger data (130 taxa, 22 loci), to reconstruct a phylogeny of Gracillariidae. Based on analyses of both datasets combined and analyzed separately, monophyly of Gracillariidae and all its subfamilies, monophyly of the clade "LAMPO" (subfamilies: Lithocolletinae, Acrocercopinae, Marmarinae, Phyllocnistinae, and Oecophyllembiinae) and relationships of its subclade "AMO" (subfamilies: Acrocercopinae, Marmarinae, and Oecophyllembiinae) were strongly supported. A sister-group relationship of Ornixolinae to the remainder of the family, and a monophyletic leaf roller lineage (Callicercops Vári + Parornichinae) + Gracillariinae, as sister to the "LAMPO" clade were supported by the most likely tree. Dating analyses indicate a mid-Cretaceous (105.3 Ma) origin of the family, followed by a rapid diversification into the nine subfamilies predating the Cretaceous-Palaeogene extinction. We hypothesize that advanced larval behaviours, such as making keeled or tentiform blotch mines, rolling leaves and galling, allowed gracillariids to better avoid larval parasitoids allowing them to further diversify. Finally, we stabilize the classification by formally re-establishing the subfamily ranks of Marmarinae stat.rev., Oecophyllembiinae stat.rev. and Parornichinae stat.rev., and erect a new subfamily, Callicercopinae Li, Ohshima and Kawahara to accommodate the enigmatic genus Callicercops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuankun Li
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ryan St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Chandra Earl
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Camiel Doorenweerd
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Services, University of Hawaii, 3050 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI, 96822-2231, USA
| | | | - Donald R Davis
- Department of Entomology, NHB 105, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chris A Johns
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Atsushi Kawakita
- The Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 112-0001, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Entomological Laboratory, Graduate School of life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Andreas Zwick
- Australian National Insect Collection, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde
- INRAE, URZF, Orléans, France.,IRBI, UMR 7261, CNRS-Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Issei Ohshima
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan.,Center for Frontier Natural History, Kyoto Prefectural University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Akito Y Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
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18
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Aiello BR, Tan M, Bin Sikandar U, Alvey AJ, Bhinderwala B, Kimball KC, Barber JR, Hamilton CA, Kawahara AY, Sponberg S. Adaptive shifts underlie the divergence in wing morphology in bombycoid moths. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210677. [PMID: 34344177 PMCID: PMC8334871 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of flapping flight is linked to the prolific success of insects. Across Insecta, wing morphology diversified, strongly impacting aerodynamic performance. In the presence of ecological opportunity, discrete adaptive shifts and early bursts are two processes hypothesized to give rise to exceptional morphological diversification. Here, we use the sister-families Sphingidae and Saturniidae to answer how the evolution of aerodynamically important traits is linked to clade divergence and through what process(es) these traits evolve. Many agile Sphingidae evolved hover feeding behaviours, while adult Saturniidae lack functional mouth parts and rely on a fixed energy budget as adults. We find that Sphingidae underwent an adaptive shift in wing morphology coincident with life history and behaviour divergence, evolving small high aspect ratio wings advantageous for power reduction that can be moved at high frequencies, beneficial for flight control. By contrast, Saturniidae, which do not feed as adults, evolved large wings and morphology which surprisingly does not reduce aerodynamic power, but could contribute to their erratic flight behaviour, aiding in predator avoidance. We suggest that after the evolution of flapping flight, diversification of wing morphology can be potentiated by adaptative shifts, shaping the diversity of wing morphology across insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett R. Aiello
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Milton Tan
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Usama Bin Sikandar
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Alexis J. Alvey
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | | | - Katalina C. Kimball
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Jesse R. Barber
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Chris A. Hamilton
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Akito Y. Kawahara
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Simon Sponberg
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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19
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Toussaint EFA, Ellis EA, Gott RJ, Warren AD, Dexter KM, Storer C, Lohman DJ, Kawahara AY. Historical biogeography of Heteropterinae skippers via Beringian and post‐Tethyan corridors. ZOOL SCR 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel F. A. Toussaint
- Natural History Museum of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Emily A. Ellis
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Riley J. Gott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Andrew D. Warren
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Kelly M. Dexter
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Caroline Storer
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - David J. Lohman
- Biology Department City College of New YorkCity University of New York New York NY USA
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, Graduate Center City University of New York New York NY USA
- Entomology Section National Museum of Natural History Manila Philippines
| | - Akito Y. Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
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20
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Sugiura S, Takanashi T, Kojima W, Kajiura Z. Squeaking caterpillars: independent evolution of sonic defense in wild silkmoths. Ecology 2020; 101:e03112. [PMID: 32496580 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sugiura
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takuma Takanashi
- Department of Forest Entomology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Wataru Kojima
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 7538511, Japan
| | - Zenta Kajiura
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokita, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
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21
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Cai C, Tihelka E, Pisani D, Donoghue PCJ. Data curation and modeling of compositional heterogeneity in insect phylogenomics: A case study of the phylogeny of Dytiscoidea (Coleoptera: Adephaga). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 147:106782. [PMID: 32147574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Diving beetles and their allies are an almost ubiquitous group of freshwater predators. Knowledge of the phylogeny of the adephagan superfamily Dytiscoidea has significantly improved since the advent of molecular phylogenetics. However, despite recent comprehensive phylogenomic studies, some phylogenetic relationships among the constituent families remain elusive. In particular, the position of the family Hygrobiidae remains uncertain. We address these issues by re-analyzing recently published phylogenomic datasets for Dytiscoidea, using approaches to reduce compositional heterogeneity and adopting a site-heterogeneous mixture model. We obtained a consistent, well-resolved, and strongly supported tree. Consistent with previous studies, our analyses support Aspidytidae as the monophyletic sister group of Amphizoidae, and more importantly, Hygrobiidae as the sister of the diverse Dytiscidae, in agreement with morphology-based phylogenies. Our analyses provide a backbone phylogeny of Dytiscoidea, which lays the foundation for better understanding the evolution of morphological characters, life habits, and feeding behaviors of dytiscoid beetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, and Centre for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
| | - Erik Tihelka
- Department of Animal Science, Hartpury College, Hartpury GL19 3BE, UK
| | - Davide Pisani
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Philip C J Donoghue
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
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22
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Park J, Xi H, Park J. The complete mitochondrial genome of Rotunda rotundapex (Miyata & Kishida, 1990) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2019; 5:355-357. [PMID: 33366554 PMCID: PMC7748697 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1703589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rotunda rotundapex (Miyata & Kishida, 1990) is a silk moth identified in Korea. We completed its mitochondrial genome which is 15,298 bp long and the shortest mitogenome of Bombycidae s.str. It includes 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and a control region. Comparison with COI sequence of Taiwan isolate suggests the Korean population of this species can be a novel species. Gene order of R. rotundapex mitogenome is conserved as in other Bombycidae species. Phylogenetic trees show that R. rotundapex is closely related to genus Rondotia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyun Park
- InfoBoss Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.,InfoBoss Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Xi
- InfoBoss Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.,InfoBoss Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- InfoBoss Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.,InfoBoss Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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