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Liu Y, Dietrich CH, Wei C. The impact of geographic isolation and host shifts on population divergence of the rare cicada Subpsaltria yangi. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 199:108146. [PMID: 38986756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The contributions of divergent selection and spatial isolation to population divergence are among the main focuses of evolutionary biology. Here we employed integrated methods to explore genomic divergence, demographic history and calling-song differentiation in the cicada Subpsaltria yangi, and compared the genotype and calling-song phenotype of different populations occurring in distinct habitats. Our results indicate that this species comprises four main lineages with unique sets of haplotypes and calling-song structure, which are distinctly associated with geographic isolation and habitats. The populations occurring on the Loess Plateau underwent substantial expansion at ∼0.130-0.115 Ma during the Last Interglacial. Geographic distance and host shift between pairs of populations predict genomic divergence, with geographic distance and acoustical signal together explaining > 60% of the divergence among populations. Differences in calling songs could reflect adaptation of populations to novel environments with different host plants, habitats and predators, which may have resulted from neutral divergence at the molecular level followed by natural selection. Geomorphic barriers and climate oscillations associated with Pleistocene glaciation may have been primary factors in shaping the population genetic structure of this species. Ultimately this may couple with a host shift in leading toward allopatric speciation in S. yangi, i.e., isolation by distance. Our findings improve understanding of divergence in allopatry of herbivorous insects, and may inform future studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying the association between genetic/phenotypic changes and adaptation of insects to novel niches and host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwest Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Christopher H Dietrich
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Cong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwest Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Sellamuthu G, Naseer A, Hradecký J, Chakraborty A, Synek J, Modlinger R, Roy A. Gene expression plasticity facilitates different host feeding in Ips sexdentatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 165:104061. [PMID: 38151136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Host shift is ecologically advantageous and a crucial driver for herbivore insect speciation. Insects on the non-native host obtain enemy-free space and confront reduced competition, but they must adapt to survive. Such signatures of adaptations can often be detected at the gene expression level. It is astonishing how bark beetles cope with distinct chemical environments while feeding on various conifers. Hence, we aim to disentangle the six-toothed bark beetle (Ips sexdentatus) response against two different conifer defences upon host shift (Scots pine to Norway spruce). We conducted bioassay and metabolomic analysis followed by RNA-seq experiments to comprehend the beetle's ability to surpass two different terpene-based conifer defence systems. Beetle growth rate and fecundity were increased when reared exclusively on spruce logs (alternative host) compared to pine logs (native host). Comparative gene expression analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to digestion, detoxification, transporter activity, growth, signalling, and stress response in the spruce-feeding beetle gut. Transporter genes were highly abundant during spruce feeding, suggesting they could play a role in pumping a wide variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds or allelochemicals out. Trehalose transporter (TRET) is also up-regulated in the spruce-fed beetle gut to maintain homeostasis and stress tolerance. RT-qPCR and enzymatic assays further corroborated some of our findings. Taken together, the transcriptional plasticity of key physiological genes plays a crucial role after the host shift and provides vital clues for the adaptive potential of bark beetles on different conifer hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gothandapani Sellamuthu
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Forest Molecular Entomology Lab, Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Aisha Naseer
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Forest Molecular Entomology Lab, Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Hradecký
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Amrita Chakraborty
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Forest Molecular Entomology Lab, Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Forest Microbiome Team, Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Synek
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Modlinger
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Roy
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Forest Molecular Entomology Lab, Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Forest Microbiome Team, Faculty of Forestry & Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Insects constitute vital components of ecosystems. There is alarming evidence for global declines in insect species diversity, abundance, and biomass caused by anthropogenic drivers such as habitat degradation or loss, agricultural practices, climate change, and environmental pollution. This raises important concerns about human food security and ecosystem functionality and calls for more research to assess insect population trends and identify threatened species and the causes of declines to inform conservation strategies. Analysis of genetic diversity is a powerful tool to address these goals, but so far animal conservation genetics research has focused strongly on endangered vertebrates, devoting less attention to invertebrates, such as insects, that constitute most biodiversity. Insects' shorter generation times and larger population sizes likely necessitate different analytical methods and management strategies. The availability of high-quality reference genome assemblies enables population genomics to address several key issues. These include precise inference of past demographic fluctuations and recent declines, measurement of genetic load levels, delineation of evolutionarily significant units and cryptic species, and analysis of genetic adaptation to stressors. This enables identification of populations that are particularly vulnerable to future threats, considering their potential to adapt and evolve. We review the application of population genomics to insect conservation and the outlook for averting insect declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Webster
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Alexis Beaurepaire
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Agroscope, Swiss Bee Research Centre, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Neumann
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Agroscope, Swiss Bee Research Centre, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eckart Stolle
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany
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Hallaj A, Turner LF, McArdle CA, Bernal MA. De novo transcriptomes for two species of snappers from the Western Atlantic (Lutjanus griseus and Lutjanus synagris). Mar Genomics 2023; 67:101005. [PMID: 36682851 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2022.101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomes are appropriate resources for studying species that lack sequenced genomes, as they can serve as references for a broad suite of genetic applications, including: phylogenetic assessments, population genomics, and evaluate responses to environmental fluctuations. Here, we present the transcriptomes of two species of marine fishes of commercial and ecological relevance in the Western Atlantic: Lutjanus griseus and L. synagris. This project represents a step forward on developing genomic resources for important species of the Atlantic Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hallaj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Logan F Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Carolyn A McArdle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Moisés A Bernal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
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Fuad MTI, Shi W, Liao X, Li Y, Sharifuzzaman S, Zhang X, Liu X, Xu Q. Transcriptomic response of intertidal brittle star Ophiothrix exigua to seasonal variation. Mar Genomics 2022; 64:100957. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2022.100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shi W, Ye H, Roderick G, Cao J, Kerdelhué C, Han P. Role of Genes in Regulating Host Plants Expansion in Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera) and Potential for RNAi-Based Control. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:10. [PMID: 35983691 PMCID: PMC9389179 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Host plant expansion is an important survival strategy for tephritids as they expand their range. Successful host expansion requires tephritids to adapt to the chemical and nonchemical properties of a novel host fruit, such as fruit color, phenology, and phytochemicals. These plant properties trigger a series of processes in tephritids, with each process having its own genetic basis, which means that various genes are involved in regulating host plant expansion by tephritids. This review summarizes current knowledge on the categories and roles of genes involved in host plant expansion in several important tephritid species, including genes related to chemoreception (olfactory and gustation), vision, digestion, detoxification, development, ribosomal and energy metabolism. Chemoreception- and detoxification- and digestion-related genes are stimulated by volatile chemicals and secondary chemicals of different hosts, respectively, which are involved in the regulation of nervous signal transduction that triggers behavioral, physical, and chemical responses to the novel host fruit. Vision-, nerve-, and development-related genes and metabolism-associated genes are activated in response to nonchemical stimuli from different hosts, such as color and phenology, to regulate a comprehensive adaptation of the extending host for tephritids. The chemical and nonchemical signals of hosts activate ribosomal and energy-related genes that result in the basic regulation of many processes of host expansion, including detoxification and development. These genes do not regulate novel host use individually, but multiple genes regulate multilevel adaptation to novel host fruits via multiple mechanisms. These genes may also be potential target genes for RNAi-based control of tephritid pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- School of Ecology and Environment Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Ye
- School of Ecology and Environment Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - George Roderick
- Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jun Cao
- School of Ecology and Environment Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Carole Kerdelhué
- INRAE, CBGP (INRAE, CIRAD, RD, Montpellier Supagro, University Montpellier), Montpellier, France
| | - Peng Han
- School of Ecology and Environment Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Transcriptional Regulation of Reproductive Diapause in the Convergent Lady Beetle, Hippodamia convergens. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13040343. [PMID: 35447785 PMCID: PMC9026804 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Diapause is a dormant period typically controlled by daylength that ensures an insect’s survival through harsh environmental conditions. The convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens, undergoes a reproductive diapause in winter, where female ovaries remain immature and no eggs are laid. This species is an important biological control agent, but during diapause, beetles are less likely to eat pest insects. Thus, knowledge of diapause mechanisms may facilitate manipulation thereof to improve biological control. Further, molecular studies of adult diapause and diapause in Coleoptera are relatively lacking. Here, we assembled and annotated a transcriptome for this species and quantified transcript expression changes during diapause. Female beetles were sampled at three times in diapause (early, mid, and late diapause), which allowed us to characterize the molecular processes occurring at distinct transitions throughout diapause. We found that transcripts involved in flight were consistently upregulated during diapause, which is consistent with dispersal flights at this stage, while transcripts involved in ovarian development were downregulated, which is consistent with the shutdown of reproduction in diapausing females. These findings identify key regulators of diapause in H. convergens and contribute to a growing body of literature on the molecular mechanisms of diapause across the insect phylogeny. Abstract Diapause is an alternate development program that synchronizes an insect’s life cycle with seasonally abundant resources and ensures survival in unfavorable conditions. The physiological basis of diapause has been well characterized, but the molecular mechanisms regulating it are still being elucidated. Here, we present a de novo transcriptome and quantify transcript expression during diapause in the convergent lady beetle Hippodamia convergens. H. convergens is used as an augmentative biocontrol agent, and adult females undergo reproductive diapause that is regulated by photoperiod. We sampled females at three stages (early, mid, and late diapause) and compared transcript expression to non-diapausing individuals. Based on principle component analysis, the transcriptomes of diapausing beetles were distinct from non-diapausing beetles, and the three diapausing points tended to cluster together. However, there were still classes of transcripts that differed in expression across distinct phases of diapause. In general, transcripts involved in muscle function and flight were upregulated during diapause, likely to support dispersal flights that occur during diapause, while transcripts involved in ovarian development were downregulated. This information could be used to improve biological control by manipulating diapause. Additionally, our data contribute to a growing understanding of the genetic regulation of diapause across diverse insects.
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Genomic insight into the scale specialization of the biological control agent Novius pumilus (Weise, 1892). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:90. [PMID: 35100986 PMCID: PMC8805230 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08299-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Members of the genus Novius Mulsant, 1846 (= Rodolia Mulsant, 1850) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), play important roles in the biological control of cotton cushion scale pests, especially those belonging to Icerya. Since the best-known species, the vedalia beetle Novius cardinalis (Mulsant, 1850) was introduced into California from Australia, more than a century of successful use in classical biological control, some species of Novius have begun to exhibit some field adaptations to novel but related prey species. Despite their economic importance, relatively little is known about the underlying genetic adaptations associated with their feeding habits. Knowledge of the genome sequence of Novius is a major step towards further understanding its biology and potential applications in pest control. RESULTS We report the first high-quality genome sequence for Novius pumilus (Weise, 1892), a representative specialist of Novius. Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution (CAFE) analysis showed that several orthogroups encoding chemosensors, digestive, and immunity-related enzymes were significantly expanded (P < 0.05) in N. pumilus compared to the published genomes of other four ladybirds. Furthermore, some of these orthogroups were under significant positive selection pressure (P < 0.05). Notably, transcriptome profiling demonstrated that many genes among the significantly expanded and positively selected orthogroups, as well as genes related to detoxification were differentially expressed, when N. pumilus feeding on the nature prey Icerya compared with the no feeding set. We speculate that these genes are vital in the Icerya adaptation of Novius species. CONCLUSIONS We report the first Novius genome thus far. In addition, we provide comprehensive transcriptomic resources for N. pumilus. The results from this study may be helpful for understanding the association of the evolution of genes related to chemosensing, digestion, detoxification and immunity with the prey adaptation of insect predators. This will provide a reference for future research and utilization of Novius in biological control programs. Moreover, understanding the possible molecular mechanisms of prey adaptation also inform mass rearing of N. pumilus and other Novius, which may benefit pest control.
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Yuan F, Wei C. Gene expression profiles in Malpighian tubules of the vector leafhopper Psammotettix striatus (L.) revealed regional functional diversity and heterogeneity. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:67. [PMID: 35057738 PMCID: PMC8781387 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many leafhoppers are known as pests and disease vectors of economically important plants. Previous studies of the physiological functions of vector leafhoppers have mainly focused on the salivary glands and the alimentary tract that are deemed to be associated with digestion, host defense and phytoplasma and/or virus transmission. By contrast, the significance of Malpighian tubules (MTs) is less studied. To clarify the physiological function of MTs of the vector leafhopper Psammotettix striatus that transmits phytoplasma triggering the wheat blue dwarf disease, we performed a transcriptome study on P. striatus MTs and compared gene expression profiles among different anatomical regions in the tubules (i.e., MT1+2, the anterior segment together with the sub-anterior segment; MT3, the inflated segment; and MT4, the distal segment). Results Transcriptome of P. striatus MTs generate a total of 42,815 high-quality unigenes, among which highly expressed unigenes are mainly involved in organic solute transport, detoxification and immunity in addition to osmoregulation. Region-specific comparative analyses reveal that all these MT regions have functions in osmoregulation, organic solute transport and detoxification, but each region targets different substrates. Differential expression and regional enrichment of immunity-related effector activities and molecules involved in phagocytosis and the biosynthesis of antimicrobial peptides among different regions indicate that MT1+2 and MT4 have the ability to eliminate the invading pathogens. However, in MT3 which secrets brochosomes to the integument and eggs as physical barriers, disulfide-isomerase, acidic ribosomal protein P and many other unigenes were highly expressed, which can be attractive candidate genes for future studies of the biosynthesis and the origin of brochosomes. Conclusions Psammotettix striatus MTs perform multiple physiological functions as versatile organs than just excretory organs with osmoregulatory function. Heterogeneity of physiological functions among different MT regions is related to organic solute transport, detoxification, immunity and brochosome biosynthesis in addition to osmoregulation, and each region targets different substrates. These functions may be helpful for P. striatus to resist pathogens from habitats and to utilize a wider range of host plants, which may assist the transmission and spread of phytoplasmas. The results provide potential molecular targets for the exploit of chemical and/or gene-silencing insecticides. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08300-6.
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Hafeez M, Li X, Ullah F, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Huang J, Khan MM, Chen L, Ren X, Zhou S, Fernández-Grandon GM, Zalucki MP, Lu Y. Behavioral and Physiological Plasticity Provides Insights into Molecular Based Adaptation Mechanism to Strain Shift in Spodoptera frugiperda. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10284. [PMID: 34638623 PMCID: PMC8508907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
How herbivorous insects adapt to host plants is a key question in ecological and evolutionary biology. The fall armyworm, (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), although polyphagous and a major pest on various crops, has been reported to have a rice and corn (maize) feeding strain in its native range in the Americas. The species is highly invasive and has recently established in China. We compared behavioral changes in larvae and adults of a corn population (Corn) when selected on rice (Rice) and the molecular basis of these adaptational changes in midgut and antennae based on a comparative transcriptome analysis. Larvae of S. frugiperda reared on rice plants continuously for 20 generations exhibited strong feeding preference for with higher larval performance and pupal weight on rice than on maize plants. Similarly, females from the rice selected population laid significantly more eggs on rice as compared to females from maize population. The most highly expressed DEGs were shown in the midgut of Rice vs. Corn. A total of 6430 DEGs were identified between the populations mostly in genes related to digestion and detoxification. These results suggest that potential adaptations for feeding on rice crops, may contribute to the current rapid spread of fall armyworm on rice crops in China and potentially elsewhere. Consistently, highly expressed DEGs were also shown in antennae; a total of 5125 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) s were identified related to the expansions of major chemosensory genes family in Rice compared to the Corn feeding population. These results not only provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms in host plants adaptation of S. frugiperda but may provide new gene targets for the management of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Limin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education & Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuxing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
| | | | - Myron P. Zalucki
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Yaobin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (L.C.); (X.R.); (S.Z.)
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Hou Z, Liu Y, Wei S, Wei C. Females prefer males producing a high-rate song with shorter timbal–stridulatory sound intervals in a cicada species. Curr Zool 2021; 68:103-112. [PMID: 35169633 PMCID: PMC8836340 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncovering mate choice and factors that lead to the choice are very important to understanding sexual selection in evolutionary change. Cicadas are known for their loud sounds produced by males using the timbals. However, males in certain cicada species emit 2 kinds of sounds using respectively timbals and stridulatory organs, and females may produce their own sounds to respond to males. What has never been considered is the mate choice in such cicada species. Here, we investigate the sexual selection and potential impact of predation pressure on mate choice in the cicada Subpsaltria yangi Chen. It possesses stridulatory sound-producing organs in both sexes in addition to the timbals in males. Results show that males producing calling songs with shorter timbal–stridulatory sound intervals and a higher call rate achieved greater mating success. No morphological traits were found to be correlated with mating success in both sexes, suggesting neither males nor females display mate preference for the opposite sex based on morphological traits. Males do not discriminate among responding females during mate searching, which may be due to the high energy costs associated with their unusual mate-seeking activity and the male-biased predation pressure. Females generally mate once but a minority of them re-mated after oviposition which, combined with the desirable acoustic traits of males, suggest females may maximize their reproductive success by choosing a high-quality male in the first place. This study contributes to our understanding mechanisms of sexual selection in cicadas and other insects suffering selective pressure from predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Songshan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Hou Z, Shi F, Ge S, Tao J, Ren L, Wu H, Zong S. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the newly discovered insect vector of the pine wood nematode in China, revealing putative genes related to host plant adaptation. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:189. [PMID: 33726671 PMCID: PMC7968331 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many insect species, the larvae/nymphs are unable to disperse far from the oviposition site selected by adults. The Sakhalin pine sawyer Monochamus saltuarius (Gebler) is the newly discovered insect vector of the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) in China. Adult M. saltuarius prefers to oviposit on the host plant Pinus koraiensis, rather than P. tabuliformis. However, the genetic basis of adaptation of the larvae of M. saltuarius with weaken dispersal ability to host environments selected by the adult is not well understood. RESULTS In this study, the free amino and fatty acid composition and content of the host plants of M. saltuarius larvae, i.e., P. koraiensis and P. tabuliformis were investigated. Compared with P. koraiensis, P. tabuliformis had a substantially higher content of various free amino acids, while the opposite trend was detected for fatty acid content. The transcriptional profiles of larval populations feeding on P. koraiensis and P. tabuliformis were compared using PacBio Sequel II sequencing combined with Illumina sequencing. The results showed that genes relating to digestion, fatty acid synthesis, detoxification, oxidation-reduction, and stress response, as well as nutrients and energy sensing ability, were differentially expressed, possibly reflecting adaptive changes of M. saltuarius in response to different host diets. Additionally, genes coding for cuticle structure were differentially expressed, indicating that cuticle may be a potential target for plant defense. Differential regulation of genes related to the antibacterial and immune response were also observed, suggesting that larvae of M. saltuarius may have evolved adaptations to cope with bacterial challenges in their host environments. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides comprehensive transcriptome resource of M. saltuarius relating to host plant adaptation. Results from this study help to illustrate the fundamental relationship between transcriptional plasticity and adaptation mechanisms of insect herbivores to host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengming Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Sixun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Dangerous Forest Pest Management and Control, Shenyang, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
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Shi W, Roderick G, Zhang GS. Mechanisms of Novel Host Use by Bactrocera tau (Tephritid: Diptera) Revealed by RNA Transcriptomes. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:5930888. [PMID: 33078842 PMCID: PMC7751176 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Use of novel plant hosts can facilitate the establishment and range expansion of herbivorous invasive species. However, the inherent mechanisms of novel host use are still unclear in many herbivorous species. Here, we examine mechanisms of novel host use in the invasive tephritid fruit fly Bactrocera tau (Walker)(Diptera: Tephritidae) by documenting changes in the RNA transcriptomes associated with a novel host. RNA transcripts of B. tau were obtained with high-throughput sequencing from samples continuously reared on two traditional Cucurbitaceae hosts and a novel host (banana). We found transcriptome variation was strongly associated with feeding on banana. Moreover, B. tau feeding on banana contained more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and more annotated categories of DEGs in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database with 1,595 DEGs and 21 major annotated pathways. The annotated categories of DEGs in individuals reared on banana differed with from those individuals feeding on other hosts and were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, citrate cycle pathway, and four other carbohydrate pathways. For B. tau feeding on banana, the predominant numbers of upregulated genes in the mitochondrial NADH (56 on average) and a relatively higher numbers of upregulated genes (13 on average) were found in oxidative phosphorylation and the TCA pathway, respectively. Changes in RNA transcriptomes associated with novel host use, especially for genes related to energy and carbohydrate metabolism, help to explain how B. tau can be successful in use of novel hosts and may be useful in developing novel strategies for control of tephritid flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- School of Ecology and Environment Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - George Roderick
- Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Gen-Song Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Wang D, Shi X, Liu D, Yang Y, Shang Z. Transcriptome Profiling Revealed Potentially Critical Roles for Digestion and Defense-Related Genes in Insects' Use of Resistant Host Plants: A Case Study with Sitobion Avenae. INSECTS 2020; 11:E90. [PMID: 32019207 PMCID: PMC7074007 DOI: 10.3390/insects11020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Using host plant resistance (HPR) in management of insect pests is often environmentally friendly and suitable for sustainable development of agricultural industries. However, this strategy can be limited by rapid evolution of insect populations that overcome HPR, for which the underlying molecular factors and mechanisms are not well understood. To address this issue, we analyzed transcriptomes of two distinct biotypes of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), on wheat and barley. This analysis revealed a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between biotypes 1 and 3 on wheat and barley. The majority of them were common DEGs occurring on both wheat and barley. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses for these common DEGs demonstrated significant expression divergence between both biotypes in genes associated with digestion and defense. Top defense-related common DEGs with the most significant expression changes included three peroxidases, two UGTs (UDP-glycosyltransferase), two cuticle proteins, one glutathione S-transferases (GST), one superoxide dismutase, and one esterase, suggesting their potentially critical roles in the divergence of S. avenae biotypes. A relatively high number of specific DEGs on wheat were identified for peroxidases (9) and P450s (8), indicating that phenolic compounds and hydroxamic acids may play key roles in resistance of wheat against S. avenae. Enrichment of specific DEGs on barley for P450s and ABC transporters suggested their key roles in this aphid's detoxification against secondary metabolites (e.g., alkaloids) in barley. Our results can provide insights into the molecular factors and functions that explain biotype adaptation in insects and their use of resistant plants. This study also has significant implications for developing new resistant cultivars, developing strategies that limit rapid development of insect biotypes, and extending resistant crop cultivars' durability and sustainability in integrated management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (D.W.); (Y.Y.); (Z.S.)
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoqin Shi
- Department of Foreign Languages, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Deguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (D.W.); (Y.Y.); (Z.S.)
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (D.W.); (Y.Y.); (Z.S.)
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zheming Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (D.W.); (Y.Y.); (Z.S.)
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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15
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Xu X, Li X, Wang F, Han K, Liu Z, Fan L, Hua H, Cai W, Yao Y. Candidate detoxification-related genes in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, in response to β-asarone based on transcriptomic analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 185:109735. [PMID: 31586846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nilaparvata lugens(Stål) is a serious pest of rice and has evolved different levels of resistance against most chemical pesticides. β-asarone is the main bioactive insecticidal compound of Acorus calamus L. that shows strong insecticidal activity against pests. In this study, we conducted a bioassay experiment to determine the contact toxicity of β-asarone to N. lugens nymphs. The LD30 sublethal dose was 0.106 μg per nymph, with 95% confidence limits of 0.070-0.140 μg. We applied the LD30 concentration of β-asarone to nymphs for 24 h or 72 h and then performed a transcriptome sequence analysis by referencing the N. lugens genome to characterize the variation. The transcriptomic analysis showed that several GO terms and KEGG pathways presented significant changes. Individually, 126 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 72 upregulated and 54 downregulated genes, were identified at 24 h, and 1771 DEGs, including 882 upregulated and 889 downregulated genes, were identified at 72 h. From the DEGs, we identified a total of 40 detoxification-related genes, including eighteen Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes (P450s), three Glutathione S-transferase genes, one Carboxylesterase gene, twelve UDP-glucosyltransferases and six ATP-binding cassette genes. We selected the eighteen P450s for subsequent verification by quantitative PCR. These findings indicated that β-asarone presented strong contact toxicity to N. lugens nymphs and induced obvious variation of detoxification-related genes that may be involved in the response to β-asarone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Xu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fenshan Wang
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Kehong Han
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zirong Liu
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Linjuan Fan
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Hongxia Hua
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wanlun Cai
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yingjuan Yao
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China.
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Gene Expression and Diet Breadth in Plant-Feeding Insects: Summarizing Trends. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 35:259-277. [PMID: 31791830 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomic studies lend insights into the role of transcriptional plasticity in adaptation and specialization. Recently, there has been growing interest in understanding the relationship between variation in herbivorous insect gene expression and the evolution of diet breadth. We review the studies that have emerged on insect gene expression and host plant use, and outline the questions and approaches in the field. Many candidate genes underlying herbivory and specialization have been identified, and a few key studies demonstrate increased transcriptional plasticity associated with generalist compared with specialist species. Addressing the roles that transcriptional variation plays in insect diet breadth will have important implications for our understanding of the evolution of specialization and the genetic and environmental factors that govern insect-plant interactions.
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17
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Wang D, Wei C. Bacterial communities in digestive and excretory organs of cicadas. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:539-553. [PMID: 31720723 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriocyte-associated symbionts are essential for the health of many sap-sucking insects, such as cicadas, leafhoppers and treehoppers, etc., but little is known about the bacterial community in the gut and other related organs in these insects. We characterized the bacterial communities in the salivary glands, alimentary canal and the Malpighian tubules of two populations of the cicada Subpsaltria yangi occurring in different habitats and feeding on different hosts. A high degree of similarity of core microbiota was revealed between the two populations, both with the top three bacteria belonging to Meiothermus, Candidatus Sulcia and Halomonas. The bacterial communities in various organs clustered moderately by populations possibly reflect adaptive changes in the microbiota of related S. yangi populations, which provide a better understanding of the speciation and adaptive mechanism of this species to different diets and habitats. When compared with two phylogenetically distant cicada species, Hyalessa maculaticollis and Meimuna mongolica, the core microbiota in S. yangi was significantly different to that of these species. In addition, our results confirm that Ca. Sulcia distributes in the digestive and excretory organs besides the bacteriomes and gonads, which provide potential important information onto the trophic functions of this obligate endosymbiont to the host insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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18
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Simon C, Gordon ERL, Moulds MS, Cole JA, Haji D, Lemmon AR, Lemmon EM, Kortyna M, Nazario K, Wade EJ, Meister RC, Goemans G, Chiswell SM, Pessacq P, Veloso C, McCutcheon JP, Łukasik P. Off-target capture data, endosymbiont genes and morphology reveal a relict lineage that is sister to all other singing cicadas. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phylogenetic asymmetry is common throughout the tree of life and results from contrasting patterns of speciation and extinction in the paired descendant lineages of ancestral nodes. On the depauperate side of a node, we find extant ‘relict’ taxa that sit atop long, unbranched lineages. Here, we show that a tiny, pale green, inconspicuous and poorly known cicada in the genus Derotettix, endemic to degraded salt-plain habitats in arid regions of central Argentina, is a relict lineage that is sister to all other modern cicadas. Nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenies of cicadas inferred from probe-based genomic hybrid capture data of both target and non-target loci and a morphological cladogram support this hypothesis. We strengthen this conclusion with genomic data from one of the cicada nutritional bacterial endosymbionts, Sulcia, an ancient and obligate endosymbiont of the larger plant-sucking bugs (Auchenorrhyncha) and an important source of maternally inherited phylogenetic data. We establish Derotettiginae subfam. nov. as a new, monogeneric, fifth cicada subfamily, and compile existing and new data on the distribution, ecology and diet of Derotettix. Our consideration of the palaeoenvironmental literature and host-plant phylogenetics allows us to predict what might have led to the relict status of Derotettix over 100 Myr of habitat change in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Simon
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Eric R L Gordon
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - M S Moulds
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Cole
- Natural Sciences Division, Pasadena City College, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Diler Haji
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Alan R Lemmon
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Michelle Kortyna
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Katherine Nazario
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Wade
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA
| | - Russell C Meister
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Geert Goemans
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | - Pablo Pessacq
- Centro de Investigaciones Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónicas, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Claudio Veloso
- Department of Ecological Sciences, Science Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - John P McCutcheon
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Piotr Łukasik
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Comparative sialotranscriptome analysis of the rare Chinese cicada Subpsaltria yangi, with identification of candidate genes related to host-plant adaptation. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:323-332. [PMID: 30807802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the relationship between changes in salivary proteins and the adaptation of insects to different host-plants. To address this knowledge gap, the transcriptional profiles of salivary glands were compared among three populations of the rare cicada Subpsaltria yangi, in which two populations specialize on Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa, but the population occurring in the Helan (HL) Mountains is locally specialized on the endemic plant Ephedra lepidosperma. The comparisons indicate that genes related to digestion and detoxification are differentially regulated in populations feeding on different plants, possibly reflecting adaptative changes in salivary proteins of S. yangi in response to different host chemistries. In detail, 38 differentially expressed genes and 21 up-regulated genes related to digestion and detoxification were identified respectively in two pairwise comparisons among the populations using different hosts, with some genes exclusively expressed in the HL population. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the host plant shift in the HL population was facilitated by differential regulation of genes related to digestion and detoxification. This study provides new information for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between changed salivary proteins and the adaptability of plant-feeding insects to novel host plants.
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