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Zhang H, Cui L, Si P, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Kong Q. Environmentally relevant concentrations of naphthenic acids initiate intestinal injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:106996. [PMID: 38852546 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Naphthenic acids (NAs) are important pollutants in marine crude oils and have obvious toxic effects on marine organisms. However, the effects of NAs on the intestine are largely unknown. Thus, we evaluated the effects of NAs exposure in the intestines of marine medaka. Fish were experimentally exposed to NAs (0.5 mg/L, 5 mg/L, and 10 mg/L) for 96 h and monitored for changes in intestinal histology, markers of oxidative stress, and intestinal microbiome responses. Significant mucosal damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress were observed in the intestines of marine medaka after exposure to NAs. In addition, significant changes in the gut microbiota were observed. Specifically, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased, while that of Verrucomicrobiota increased in the high-concentration exposure group. In addition, nutrient synthesis and metabolism in the gut were affected. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the ecological risk of different concentrations of NAs to marine organisms. CAPSULE ABSTRACT: Changes in the gut microbial community of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) caused by naphthenic acids in the marine environment were investigated through the assessment of gut inflammatory factors and comprehensive analysis using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated the induction of intestinal inflammation and changes in the structural composition of the intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Lihua Cui
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Panpan Si
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yumiao Zhou
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Youru Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qiang Kong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China; Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, Dongying 257092, Shandong, PR China
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2
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Fronton F, Villemur R, Robert D, St-Pierre Y. Divergent bacterial landscapes: unraveling geographically driven microbiomes in Atlantic cod. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6088. [PMID: 38480867 PMCID: PMC10938007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Establishing microbiome signatures is now recognized as a critical step toward identifying genetic and environmental factors shaping animal-associated microbiomes and informing the health status of a given host. In the present work, we prospectively collected 63 blood samples of the Atlantic cod population of the Southern Gulf of Saint Lawrence (GSL) and characterized their 16S rRNA circulating microbiome signature. Our results revealed that the blood microbiome signature was dominated at the phylum level by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria, a typical signature for fish populations inhabiting the GSL and other marine ecosystems. At the genus level, however, we identified two distinct cod groups. While the microbiome signature of the first group was dominated by Pseudoalteromonas, a genus we previously found in the microbiome signature of Greenland and Atlantic halibut populations of the GSL, the second group had a microbiome signature dominated by Nitrobacter and Sediminibacterium (approximately 75% of the circulating microbiome). Cods harboring a Nitrobacter/Sediminibacterium-rich microbiome signature were localized in the most southern part of the GSL, just along the northern coast of Cape Breton Island. Atlantic cod microbiome signatures did not correlate with the weight, length, relative condition, depth, temperature, sex, and salinity, as previously observed in the halibut populations. Our study provides, for the first time, a unique snapshot of the circulating microbiome signature of Atlantic cod populations and the potential existence of dysbiotic signatures associated with the geographical distribution of the population, probably linked with the presence of nitrite in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Fronton
- INRS-Center Armand-Frappier Santé Technologie, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Richard Villemur
- INRS-Center Armand-Frappier Santé Technologie, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Dominique Robert
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310, allée des Ursulines, C.P. 3300, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Yves St-Pierre
- INRS-Center Armand-Frappier Santé Technologie, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
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3
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Wigren MA, Johnson TA, Griffitt RJ, Hay AG, Knott JA, Sepúlveda MS. Limited impact of weathered residues from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on the gut-microbiome and foraging behavior of sheepshead minnows ( Cyprinodon variegatus). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:1-21. [PMID: 37830742 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2265413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon disaster of April 2010 was the largest oil spill in U.S. history and exerted catastrophic effects on several ecologically important fish species in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Within fish, the microbiome plays a key symbiotic role in maintaining host health and aids in acquiring nutrients, supporting immune function, and modulating behavior. The aim of this study was to examine if exposure to weathered oil might produce significant shifts in fish gut-associated microbial communities as determined from taxa and genes known for hydrocarbon degradation, and whether foraging behavior was affected. The gut microbiome (16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomics) of sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) was characterized after fish were exposed to oil in High Energy Water Accommodated Fractions (HEWAF; tPAH = 81.1 ± 12.4 µg/L) for 7 days. A foraging behavioral assay was used to determine feeding efficiency before and after oil exposure. The fish gut microbiome was not significantly altered in alpha or beta diversity. None of the most abundant taxa produced any significant shifts as a result of oil exposure, with only rare taxa showing significant shifts in abundance between treatments. However, several bioindicator taxa known for hydrocarbon degradation were detected in the oil treatment, primarily Sphingomonas and Acinetobacter. Notably, the genus Stenotrophomonas was detected in high abundance in 16S data, which previously was not described as a core member of fish gut microbiomes. Data also demonstrated that behavior was not significantly affected by oil exposure. Potential low bioavailability of the oil may have been a factor in our observation of minor shifts in taxa and no behavioral effects. This study lays a foundation for understanding the microbiome of captive sheepshead minnows and indicates the need for further research to elucidate the responses of the fish gut-microbiome under oil spill conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie A Wigren
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Timothy A Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Robert J Griffitt
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
| | - Anthony G Hay
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan A Knott
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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4
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Magnuson JT, Monticelli G, Schlenk D, Bisesi JH, Pampanin DM. Connecting gut microbiome changes with fish health conditions in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to dispersed crude oil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116516. [PMID: 37399986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in crude oil can impair fish health following sublethal exposure. However, the dysbiosis of microbial communities within the fish host and influence it has on the toxic response of fish following exposure has been less characterized, particularly in marine species. To better understand the effect of dispersed crude oil (DCO) on juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) microbiota composition and potential targets of exposure within the gut, fish were exposed to 0.05 ppm DCO for 1, 3, 7, or 28 days and 16 S metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing on the gut and RNA sequencing on intestinal content were conducted. In addition to assessing species composition, richness, and diversity from microbial gut community analysis and transcriptomic profiling, the functional capacity of the microbiome was determined. Mycoplasma and Aliivibrio were the two most abundant genera after DCO exposure and Photobacterium the most abundant genus in controls, after 28 days. Metagenomic profiles were only significantly different between treatments after a 28-day exposure. The top identified pathways were involved in energy and the biosynthesis of carbohydrates, fatty acids, amino acids, and cellular structure. Biological processes following fish transcriptomic profiling shared common pathways with microbial functional annotations such as energy, translation, amide biosynthetic process, and proteolysis. There were 58 differently expressed genes determined from metatranscriptomic profiling after 7 days of exposure. Predicted pathways that were altered included those involved in translation, signal transduction, and Wnt signaling. EIF2 signaling was consistently dysregulated following exposure to DCO, regardless of exposure duration, with impairments in IL-22 signaling and spermine and spermidine biosynthesis in fish after 28 days. Data were consistent with predictions of a potentially reduced immune response related to gastrointestinal disease. Herein, transcriptomic-level responses helped explain the relevance of differences in gut microbial communities in fish following DCO exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Giovanna Monticelli
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Joseph H Bisesi
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniela M Pampanin
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Tang Y, Zhang L, Liu S, Zhou J, Ren Z, Qu X, Li Y, Lou F. Intestinal microbiota analyses of five economic fishery resources in the South China Sea. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 46:101085. [PMID: 37146453 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of intestinal microbiota can provide evidence for revealing the growth and development regulation, feeding habits, environmental adaptability and pollutant indication of marine organisms. To data, the intestinal microbiota of marine organisms in the South China Sea is relatively lacking. To supplement these information, we sequenced intestinal microbiota from five fishery resources (including Auxis rochei, A. thazard, Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis, Thunnus albacores, and Coryphaena equiselis) in the South China Sea using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. After filtering, a total of 18,706,729 reads were finally produced and then clustered into OTUs. The mean number of OTUs detected in A. rochei, A. thazard, C. equiselis, S. oualaniensis, and T. albacores was 127, 137, 52, 136, and 142, respectively. Although the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Deferribacteres, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes, [Thermi], and unclassified_Bacteria were the most abundant in the five species, Photobacterium is the most abundant microbiota. Meanwhile, intestinal microbiota showed species- and sampling sites- specificity, thus only 84 microbiota species were common to all species. Additionally, the potential functions of OTUs in the five species is mainly involved in the synthesis and metabolism of carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamin. This study can provide basic data for clarifying the diversity and species- specificity of intestinal microbiota of five species in the South China Sea, and help to improve the intestinal microbiota database of marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzheng Tang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Fujian Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, Fujian 361013, China
| | - Shigang Liu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jiaoli Zhou
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Xiuyu Qu
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Fangrui Lou
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China.
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6
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Wang Q, Ye W, Tao Y, Li Y, Lu S, Xu P, Qiang J. Transport Stress Induces Oxidative Stress and Immune Response in Juvenile Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides): Analysis of Oxidative and Immunological Parameters and the Gut Microbiome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010157. [PMID: 36671019 PMCID: PMC9854791 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transport is essential in cross-regional culturing of juvenile fish. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) often exhibit decreased vitality and are susceptible to disease after transportation. To study the effects of transport stress on juvenile largemouth bass, juveniles (average length: 8.42 ± 0.44 cm, average weight 10.26 ± 0.32 g) were subjected to a 12 h simulated transport, then subsequently, allowed to recover for 5 d. Liver and intestinal tissues were collected at 0, 6 and 12 h after transport stress and after 5 d of recovery. Oxidative and immunological parameters and the gut microbiome were analyzed. Hepatocytic vacuolization and shortened intestinal villi in the bass indicated liver and intestinal damage due to transport stress. Superoxide dismutase, lysozyme and complement C3 activities were significantly increased during transport stress (p < 0.05), indicating that transport stress resulted in oxidative stress and altered innate immune responses in the bass. With the transport stress, the malondialdehyde content first increased, then significantly decreased (p < 0.05) and showed an increasing trend in the recovery group. 16S rDNA analysis revealed that transport stress strongly affected the gut microbial compositions, mainly among Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria and Spirochaetes. The Proteobacteria abundance increased significantly after transport. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional analysis revealed that most gut microbes played roles in membrane transport, cell replication and repair. Correlation analyses demonstrated that the dominant genera varied significantly and participated in the measured physiological parameter changes. With 5 days of recovery after 12 h of transport stress, the physiological parameters and gut microbiome differed significantly between the experimental and control groups. These results provide a reference and basis for studying transport-stress-induced oxidative and immune mechanisms in juvenile largemouth bass to help optimize juvenile largemouth bass transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Wang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yifan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.Q.)
| | - Siqi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jun Qiang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.Q.)
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7
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Colin Y, Molbert N, Berthe T, Agostini S, Alliot F, Decencière B, Millot A, Goutte A, Petit F. Dysbiosis of fish gut microbiota is associated with helminths parasitism rather than exposure to PAHs at environmentally relevant concentrations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11084. [PMID: 35773378 PMCID: PMC9246949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although parasite infection and pollution are common threats facing wild populations, the response of the gut microbiota to the joint impact of these stressors remains largely understudied. Here, we experimentally investigated the effects of exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and infection by a common acanthocephalan intestinal parasite (Pomphorhynchus sp.) on the gut microbial flora of a freshwater fish, the European chub (Squalius cephalus). Naturally infected or uninfected individuals were exposed to PAHs at environmentally realistic concentrations over a five-week period. Characterization of the gut bacterial community through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that parasitic infection was a more structuring factor of bacterial diversity and composition than PAH exposure. Specifically, chub infected by Pomphorhynchus sp. harbored significantly less evenly represented gut bacterial communities than the uninfected ones. In addition, substantial changes in sequence abundance were observed within the main bacterial phyla, including the Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, and Proteobacteria. Again, these compositional changes correlated with host infection with Pomphorhynchus sp., confirming its pivotal role in gut microbial assemblage. Overall, these results highlight the importance of defining the parasitic status of individuals when conducting microbial ecotoxicological analyses at the digestive tract level, as this should lead to better understanding of microbiota modulations and help to identify microbial markers specifically associated with chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Colin
- CNRS, M2C, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76821, Rouen, France. .,CNRS, EPHE, UMR METIS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Noëlie Molbert
- CNRS, EPHE, UMR METIS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Berthe
- CNRS, M2C, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76821, Rouen, France.,CNRS, EPHE, UMR METIS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Simon Agostini
- Département de biologie, Centre de recherche en ecologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 77140, Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Fabrice Alliot
- CNRS, EPHE, UMR METIS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France.,EPHE, UMR 7619, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Beatriz Decencière
- Département de biologie, Centre de recherche en ecologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 77140, Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Alexis Millot
- Département de biologie, Centre de recherche en ecologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 77140, Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Aurélie Goutte
- CNRS, EPHE, UMR METIS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France.,EPHE, UMR 7619, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Petit
- CNRS, M2C, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76821, Rouen, France.,CNRS, EPHE, UMR METIS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
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8
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Sparagon WJ, Gentry EC, Minich JJ, Vollbrecht L, Laurens LML, Allen EE, Sims NA, Dorrestein PC, Kelly LW, Nelson CE. Fine scale transitions of the microbiota and metabolome along the gastrointestinal tract of herbivorous fishes. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:33. [PMID: 35606844 PMCID: PMC9128220 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microorganisms aid in the digestion of food by providing exogenous metabolic pathways to break down organic compounds. An integration of longitudinal microbial and chemical data is necessary to illuminate how gut microorganisms supplement the energetic and nutritional requirements of animals. Although mammalian gut systems are well-studied in this capacity, the role of microbes in the breakdown and utilization of recalcitrant marine macroalgae in herbivorous fish is relatively understudied and an emerging priority for bioproduct extraction. Here we use a comprehensive survey of the marine herbivorous fish gut microbial ecosystem via parallel 16S rRNA gene amplicon profiling (microbiota) and untargeted tandem mass spectrometry (metabolomes) to demonstrate consistent transitions among 8 gut subsections across five fish of the genus of Kyphosus. Results Integration of microbial phylogenetic and chemical diversity data reveals that microbial communities and metabolomes covaried and differentiated continuously from stomach to hindgut, with the midgut containing multiple distinct and previously uncharacterized microenvironments and a distinct hindgut community dominated by obligate anaerobes. This differentiation was driven primarily by anaerobic gut endosymbionts of the classes Bacteroidia and Clostridia changing in concert with bile acids, small peptides, and phospholipids: bile acid deconjugation associated with early midgut microbiota, small peptide production associated with midgut microbiota, and phospholipid production associated with hindgut microbiota. Conclusions The combination of microbial and untargeted metabolomic data at high spatial resolution provides a new view of the diverse fish gut microenvironment and serves as a foundation to understand functional partitioning of microbial activities that contribute to the digestion of complex macroalgae in herbivorous marine fish. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-022-00182-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J Sparagon
- Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, Department of Oceanography and Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1950 East West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| | - Emily C Gentry
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Minich
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Vollbrecht
- Ocean Era, Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawai'i, Kailua-Kona, HI, USA
| | - Lieve M L Laurens
- Biosciences Center, Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Eric E Allen
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Neil A Sims
- Ocean Era, Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawai'i, Kailua-Kona, HI, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Linda Wegley Kelly
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Craig E Nelson
- Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, Department of Oceanography and Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1950 East West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
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9
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Wilczynski W, Radlinska M, Wysujack K, Czub M, Brzeziński T, Kowalczyk G, Bełdowski J, Nogueira P, Maszczyk P. Metagenomic Analysis of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Gadus morhua callarias L. Originating from a Chemical Munition Dump Site. TOXICS 2022; 10:206. [PMID: 35622620 PMCID: PMC9146964 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several hundred thousand tonnes of munitions containing chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are lying on the seafloor worldwide. CWAs have started leaking from corroded munitions, and their presence in the environment and in organisms inhabiting dump sites has been detected. The presence of CWAs in the water negatively affects fish, macrobenthos and free-living bacteria. It can be expected that the presence of CWAs would also affect the gut-associated bacteria in fish, which are vital for their condition. The main aim of this study was to test if the microbiota of cod collected in the Baltic Bornholm Deep (highly polluted with CWAs) is dysregulated. To investigate this, we conducted metagenomic studies based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that the microbiota of cod inhabiting the dump site was significantly less taxonomically diverse compared to those from a non-polluted reference site. Moreover, taxa associated with fish diseases (e.g., Vibrionaceae, Aeromonadaceae) were more prevalent, and probiotic taxa (e.g., Actinobacteriota, Rhodobacteraceae) were less frequent in the guts of individuals from the dump site, than those from the reference site. The differences in vulnerability of various bacterial taxa inhabiting cod gastrointestinal tracts to CWAs were hypothesised to be responsible for the observed microbiota dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Wilczynski
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (T.B.); (G.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Monika Radlinska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Klaus Wysujack
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany; (K.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Michał Czub
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (T.B.); (G.K.); (P.M.)
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Brzeziński
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (T.B.); (G.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Grzegorz Kowalczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (T.B.); (G.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Jacek Bełdowski
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland;
| | - Pedro Nogueira
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany; (K.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Piotr Maszczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (T.B.); (G.K.); (P.M.)
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10
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Goksøyr SØ, Sørensen H, Grøsvik BE, Pampanin DM, Goksøyr A, Karlsen OA. Toxicity assessment of urban marine sediments from Western Norway using a battery of stress-activated receptors and cell-based bioassays from fish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103704. [PMID: 34273545 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A luciferase reporter gene-based bioassay battery consisting of stress-activated receptors from fish, complemented with traditional fish cell-based bioassays, were used to assess the toxicity of marine sediment samples from the Byfjorden area around the city of Bergen (Norway). The reporter assays covered a wide range of cellular signalling and metabolic pathways, representing different molecular initiating events in the adverse outcome pathway framework. Cytotoxicity, generation of reactive oxygen-species, and induction of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity were analysed using fish liver and gill cell lines. Chemical analyses of the sediment extracts revealed complex contamination profiles, especially at the innermost stations, which contained a wide array of persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals. Sediment extracts from these sites were more potent in activating the stress-activated receptors than the other extracts, reflecting their toxicant profiles. Importantly, receptor- and cell-based bioassays complemented the chemical analyses and provided important data for future environmental risk assessments of urban marine sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helene Sørensen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Daniela M Pampanin
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, Norway
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
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11
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The effect of benzo[a]pyrene on the gut microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7935-7947. [PMID: 34542683 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) whose toxicological effects in the gut microbiota of aquatic organisms have not yet been fully revealed. Therefore, in this study, we used high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to evaluate the effects of BaP in the gut microbiome of Oreochromis niloticus, including its possible participation in the process of detoxification and its ability to recover. The fish were injected with a single intraperitoneal dose of 20 mg kg-1 of BaP, and the effects in the microbiome were evaluated at 24, 72, and 120 h post-injection. The results indicate a clear dysbiosis (in composition, relative abundance, diversity, and interaction networks) of the gut microbiota during 24 h post-injection, dominated by Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Proteobacteria and Spirochaetae. Interestingly, a slight recovery of the microbiome begins at 72 h and stabilises at 120 h post-injection. Pathway analysis revealed the participation of the gut microbiome in PAH degradation mainly at 24 h post-injection. This study provides new insights in the toxicology of BaP in O. niloticus and the first evidence of the ability of the gut microbiome to recovery after a chemical disturbance. KEY POINTS: • Benzo[a]pyrene caused a dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of Oreochromis niloticus. • We observed an enrichment of bacteria involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. • The gut microbiota was recovered after exposure to benzo[a]pyrene.
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12
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Hano T, Ito M, Ito K, Uchida M. Alterations of stool metabolome, phenome, and microbiome of the marine fish, red sea bream, Pagrus major, following exposure to phenanthrene: A non-invasive approach for exposure assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141796. [PMID: 32898801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the impact of phenanthrene (Phe) on fish health by addressing the alteration of fecal characteristics, in lieu of collecting biomarkers that often involves injurious or even fatal sampling of organisms. The marine fish red sea bream, Pagrus major, was exposed to Phe at a concentration of 18 μg/L for 16 days followed by depuration for 13 days. We collected feces from Phe-exposed or control (Phe-free) fish and then analyzed the fecal metabolite profile (metabolome), carbon utilization of microbiota (phenome), and bacterial 16s rRNA gene sequence (microbiome). Along with the increase in physiological stress markers (SOD and EROD) in serum and liver, we noted the possible role of intestine as a Phe reservoir. Furthermore, abnormal fecal appearance (green coloration) and remarkable changes in fecal characteristics were observed. These changes include alterations of cholesterol and putrescine metabolism and the enhanced utilization of putrescine as a carbon source. Phe also altered the microbial community, with an increase in Phe-degrading bacteria such as Pseudomonas. Interestingly, these enteric impairments were ameliorated by depuration. Taken together, our findings suggest that these alterations in feces were associated with adaptive responses to environmentally relevant Phe exposure scenarios, and that stool samples are potential candidates for exposure assessment in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hano
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan.
| | - Mana Ito
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Ito
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
| | - Motoharu Uchida
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
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13
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Restivo VE, Kidd KA, Surette MG, Servos MR, Wilson JY. Rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum) from a river impacted by municipal wastewater effluents have altered gut content microbiomes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141724. [PMID: 32889463 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent contains pharmaceuticals and personal care products known to affect fish health and reproduction. The microbiome is a community of bacteria integral in maintaining host health and is influenced by species, diet, and environment. This study investigated changes in the diversity and composition of the gut content microbiome of rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum) at ten sites on the Grand River, Ontario, Canada. Gut contents were collected in fall 2018 from these fish at sites upstream and downstream of two municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs; Waterloo and Kitchener). 16S rRNA genes were sequenced to determine the composition and diversity (alpha and beta) of microbial taxa present. Gut content bacterial alpha diversity increased downstream of both WWTP outfalls; dominance of bacterial amplicon sequence variants decreased compared to upstream fish. Fish collected at different sites had distinct bacterial communities, with upstream samples dominant in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and downstream samples increasingly abundant in Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria. In mammals, increased abundance of Proteobacteria is indicative of microbial dysbiosis and has been linked to altered health outcomes, but this is not yet known for fish. This research indicates that the fish gut content microbiome was altered downstream of WWTP effluent outfalls and could lead to negative health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen A Kidd
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; School of Earth, Environment and Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michael G Surette
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna Y Wilson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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14
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DeBofsky A, Xie Y, Jardine TD, Hill JE, Jones PD, Giesy JP. Effects of the husky oil spill on gut microbiota of native fishes in the North Saskatchewan River, Canada. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 229:105658. [PMID: 33099035 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In July 2016, a Husky Energy pipeline spilled 225,000 L of diluted heavy crude oil, with a portion of the oil entering the North Saskatchewan River near Maidstone, SK, Canada. This event provided a unique opportunity to assess potential effects of a crude oil constituent (namely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) on a possible sensitive indicator of freshwater ecosystem health, the gut microbiota of native fishes. In summer 2017, goldeye (Hiodon alosoides), walleye (Sander vitreus), northern pike (Esox lucius), and shorthead redhorse (Moxostoma macrolepidotum) were collected at six locations upstream and downstream of the spill. Muscle and bile were collected from individual fish for quantification of PAHs and intestinal contents were collected for characterization of the microbial community of the gut. Results suggested that host species is a significant determinant of gut microbiota, with significant differences among the species across sites. Concentrations of PAHs in dorsal muscle were significantly correlated with gut community compositions of walleye, but not of the other fishes. Concentrations of PAHs in muscle were also correlated with abundances of several families of bacteria among fishes. This study represents one of the first to investigate the response of the gut microbiome of wild fishes to chemical stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail DeBofsky
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Yuwei Xie
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Timothy D Jardine
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Janet E Hill
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Paul D Jones
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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15
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Cerqueda-García D, Améndola-Pimenta M, Zamora-Briseño JA, González-Penagos CE, Árcega-Cabrera F, Ceja-Moreno V, Rodríguez-Canul R. Effects of chronic exposure to water accommodated fraction (WAF) of light crude oil on gut microbiota composition of the lined sole (Achirus lineatus). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 161:105116. [PMID: 32861142 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of marine fish to hydrocarbon compounds from crude oil can cause physiological and ecological alterations that can result in several cytotoxic, genotoxic, and teratogenic damages. One consequence of this exposure is the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, where the normal bacterial composition is modified. Herein, we assessed the effect of the exposure to water accommodated fraction (WAF) of a light crude oil into the gut microbiota of a native species, the lined sole Achirus lineatus, a benthonic fish widely distributed in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). We performed a chronic bioassay using two WAF concentrations (5 and 10% v/v), collecting lined sole entire gastrointestinal tracts for microbiota analyses at two timepoints, 14 and 28 days. Changes in the gut microbiota composition were determined by high throughput amplicon sequencing of the gene 16S rRNA. Diversity analyses showed that WAF exposure produced similar changes in the microbiota composition at both concentrations. Metagenomic functional prediction showed that these alterations could result in a shift in the gut redox status, towards a more anoxygenic environment. Enrichment of bacteria capable of use hydrocarbon as carbon source seems to be fast regardless time of exposure or WAF concentrations. Our results suggest that chronic WAF exposure can cause a dysbiosis in this benthic native species from the GoM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cerqueda-García
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN)-Unidad Mérida, Carretera Antigua a Progreso Km. 6, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Monica Améndola-Pimenta
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN)-Unidad Mérida, Carretera Antigua a Progreso Km. 6, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Jesús Alejandro Zamora-Briseño
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN)-Unidad Mérida, Carretera Antigua a Progreso Km. 6, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Carlos Eduardo González-Penagos
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN)-Unidad Mérida, Carretera Antigua a Progreso Km. 6, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Flor Árcega-Cabrera
- Unidad de Química en Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Puerto de Abrigo S/N, Sisal Yucatán, 97356, Mexico
| | - Víctor Ceja-Moreno
- Unidad de Química en Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Puerto de Abrigo S/N, Sisal Yucatán, 97356, Mexico
| | - Rossanna Rodríguez-Canul
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN)-Unidad Mérida, Carretera Antigua a Progreso Km. 6, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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16
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Améndola-Pimenta M, Cerqueda-García D, Zamora-Briseño JA, Couoh-Puga D, Montero-Muñoz J, Árcega-Cabrera F, Ceja-Moreno V, Pérez-Vega JA, García-Maldonado JQ, Del Río-García M, Zapata-Pérez O, Rodríguez-Canul R. Toxicity evaluation and microbiota response of the lined sole Achirus lineatus (Chordata: Achiridae) exposed to the light petroleum water-accommodated fraction (WAF). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:313-329. [PMID: 32378477 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1758861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to contaminants might directly affect organisms and alter their associated microbiota. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of the petroleum-water-accommodated fraction (WAF) from a light crude oil (API gravity 35) on a benthic fish species native from the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Ten adults of Achirus lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) were exposed to a sublethal WAF/water solution of 50% v/v for 48 hr. Multiple endpoints were measured including tissue damage, presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) metabolites in bile and gut microbiota analyses. Atrophy and fatty degeneration were observed in livers. Nodules and inflammation were detected in spleen, and structural disintegration and atrophy in the kidney. In gills hyperplasia, aneurysm, and gills lamellar fusion were observed. PAHs metabolites concentrations in bile were significantly higher in exposed organisms. Gut microbiome taxonomic analysis showed significant shifts in bacterial structure and composition following WAF exposure. Data indicate that exposure to WAF produced toxic effects in adults of A. lineatus, as evidenced by histological alterations and dysbiosis, which might represent an impairment to long-term subsistence of exposed aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Améndola-Pimenta
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Daniel Cerqueda-García
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Jesús A Zamora-Briseño
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Danilú Couoh-Puga
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Jorge Montero-Muñoz
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Flor Árcega-Cabrera
- Unidad de Química Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Sisal Yucatán, México
| | - Víctor Ceja-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Juan A Pérez-Vega
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - José Q García-Maldonado
- CONACYT - Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Mérida , Mérida, México
| | - Marcela Del Río-García
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Omar Zapata-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
| | - Rossanna Rodríguez-Canul
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Mérida , Yucatán, México
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17
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Walter JM, Bagi A, Pampanin DM. Insights into the Potential of the Atlantic Cod Gut Microbiome as Biomarker of Oil Contamination in the Marine Environment. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7070209. [PMID: 31336609 PMCID: PMC6680985 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7070209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microorganisms are widespread in all environments, including in and on animal bodies. The gut microbiome has an essential influence on fish health, and is affected by several persistent and harmful organic and inorganic contaminants. Considering the shifts in gut microbiota composition observed in those studies, we hypothesized that certain microbial groups in the gut can serve as indicators of pollution. To test this hypothesis, we explored the possibility of identifying key microbial players that indicate environmental contamination. METHODS Published 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data generated from the gut microbiota of Atlantic cod caught in geographically different Norwegian waters were used for bacterial diversity comparison. RESULTS Different microbiomes were identified between the northern Norway and southern Norway samples. Several bacterial genera previously identified as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degraders were present only in the samples collected in the southern Norway area, suggesting fish contamination with oil-related compounds. CONCLUSIONS The results contribute to the identification of bacterial taxa present in the Atlantic cod gut that indicate fish exposure to contaminants in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juline M Walter
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Andrea Bagi
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniela M Pampanin
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway.
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
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18
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Heindler FM, Christiansen H, Frédérich B, Dettaï A, Lepoint G, Maes GE, Van de Putte AP, Volckaert FAM. Historical DNA Metabarcoding of the Prey and Microbiome of Trematomid Fishes Using Museum Samples. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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19
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Riiser ES, Haverkamp THA, Borgan Ø, Jakobsen KS, Jentoft S, Star B. A Single Vibrionales 16S rRNA Oligotype Dominates the Intestinal Microbiome in Two Geographically Separated Atlantic cod Populations. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1561. [PMID: 30057577 PMCID: PMC6053498 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) provides an interesting species for the study of host-microbe interactions because it lacks the MHC II complex that is involved in the presentation of extracellular pathogens. Nonetheless, little is known about the diversity of its microbiome in natural populations. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA V4 region, amplified with the primer design of the Earth Microbiome Project (EMP), to investigate the microbial composition in gut content and mucosa of 22 adult individuals from two coastal populations in Norway, located 470 km apart. We identify a core microbiome of 23 OTUs (97% sequence similarity) in all individuals that comprises 93% of the total number of reads. The most abundant orders are classified as Vibrionales, Fusobacteriales, Clostridiales, and Bacteroidales. While mucosal samples show significantly lower diversity than gut content samples, no differences in OTU community composition are observed between the two geographically separated populations. All specimens share a limited number of abundant OTUs. Moreover, the most abundant OTU consists of a single oligotype (order Vibrionales, genus Photobacterium) that represents nearly 50% of the reads in both locations. Our results suggest that these microbiomes comprise a limited number of species or that the EMP V4 primers do not yield sufficient resolution to confidently separate these communities. Our study contributes to a growing body of literature that shows limited spatial differentiation of the intestinal microbiomes in marine fish based on 16S rRNA sequencing, highlighting the need for multi-gene approaches to provide more insight into the diversity of these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Even S Riiser
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas H A Haverkamp
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ørnulf Borgan
- Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetill S Jakobsen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sissel Jentoft
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bastiaan Star
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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