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Chen Y, Shi H, Yang G, Liang X, Lin X, Tan S, Guo T, Wang H. OsCRLK2, a Receptor-Like Kinase Identified by QTL Analysis, is Involved in the Regulation of Rice Quality. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:24. [PMID: 38587574 PMCID: PMC11001810 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The quality of rice (Oryza sativa L) is determined by a combination of appearance, flavor, aroma, texture, storage characteristics, and nutritional composition. Rice quality directly influences acceptance by consumers and commercial value. The genetic mechanism underlying rice quality is highly complex, and is influenced by genotype, environment, and chemical factors such as starch type, protein content, and amino acid composition. Minor variations in these chemical components may lead to substantial differences in rice quality. Among these components, starch is the most crucial and influential factor in determining rice quality. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with eight physicochemical properties related to the rapid viscosity analysis (RVA) profile were identified using a high-density sequence map constructed using recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Fifty-nine QTLs were identified across three environments, among which qGT6.4 was a novel locus co-located across all three environments. By integrating RNA-seq data, we identified the differentially expressed candidate gene OsCRLK2 within the qGT6.4 interval. osclrk2 mutants exhibited decreased gelatinization temperature (GT), apparent amylose content (AAC) and viscosity, and increased chalkiness. Furthermore, osclrk2 mutants exhibited downregulated expression of the majority of starch biosynthesis-related genes compared to wild type (WT) plants. In summary, OsCRLK2, which encodes a receptor-like protein kinase, appears to consistently influence rice quality across different environments. This discovery provides a new genetic resource for use in the molecular breeding of rice cultivars with improved quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanfeng Shi
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guili Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyu Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolian Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siping Tan
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Aerospace-mutation Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
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Bansal S, Sundararajan S, Shekhawat PK, Singh S, Soni P, Tripathy MK, Ram H. Rice lipases: a conundrum in rice bran stabilization: a review on their impact and biotechnological interventions. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:985-1003. [PMID: 37649880 PMCID: PMC10462582 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a primary food and is one of the most important constituents of diets all around the world. Rice bran is a valuable component of rice, containing many oil-soluble vitamins, minerals, and oil. It is known for its ability to improve the economic value of rice. Further, it contains substantial quantities of minerals like potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and antioxidants like tocopherols, tocotrienols, and γ-oryzanol, indicating that rice bran can be utilized effectively against several life-threatening disorders. It is difficult to fully utilize the necessary nutrients due to the presence of lipases in rice bran. These lipases break down lipids, specifically Triacylglycerol, into free fatty acids and glycerol. This review discusses physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, distribution, and activity of lipases in various components of rice seeds. The phylogenetic and gene expression analysis helped to understand the differential expression pattern of lipase genes at different growth phases of rice plant. Further, this review discusses various genetic and biotechnological approaches to decrease lipase activity in rice and other plants, which could potentially prevent the degradation of bran oil. The goal is to establish whether lipases are a major contributor to this issue and to develop rice varieties with improved bran stability. This information sets the stage for upcoming molecular research in this area. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01343-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Bansal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Mohali, 140306 India
| | - Sathish Sundararajan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | | | - Shivangi Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Praveen Soni
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur, 302004 India
| | - Manas K. Tripathy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Hasthi Ram
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
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3
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Lu K, Guo Z, Di S, Lu Y, Muhammad IAR, Rong C, Ding Y, Li W, Ding C. OsMFT1 Inhibits Seed Germination by Modulating Abscisic Acid Signaling and Gibberellin Biosynthesis under Salt Stress in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:674-685. [PMID: 37022148 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Seed dormancy and germination are regulated by endogenous gene expression as well as hormonal and environmental conditions, such as salinity, which greatly inhibits seed germination. MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 (MFT), which encodes a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, is a key regulator of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. There are two orthologous genes of AtMFT in rice (Oryza sativa), namely, OsMFT1 and OsMFT2. However, the functions of these two genes in regulating rice seed germination under salt stress remain unknown. In this study, we found that seeds of loss-of-function osmft1 mutants germinated faster than wild-type (WT) seeds under salt stress, but this was not the case for loss-of-function osmft2 mutants. Overexpression of OsMFT1 (OsMFT1OE) or OsMFT2 increased the sensitivity to salt stress during seed germination. Transcriptome comparisons of osmft1 vs WT in the absence and presence of salt stress yielded several differentially expressed genes, which were associated with salt stress, plant hormone metabolism and signaling pathways, such as B-BOX ZINC FINGER 6, O. sativa bZIP PROTEIN 8 and GIBBERELLIN (GA) 20-oxidase 1. In addition, the sensitivity of OsMFT1OE seeds to GA and osmft1 seeds to abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination increased under salt stress. Overall, our results indicate that ABA and GA metabolism and their signaling pathways are regulated by OsMFT1, modulating seed germination in rice under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunxun Lu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ziyu Guo
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shiyu Di
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuyang Lu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Chenyu Rong
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Jilin Da'an Agro-ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Experiment Station, Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Chengqiang Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
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4
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Mai NTP, Nguyen LTT, Tran SG, To HTM. Genome-wide association study reveals useful QTL and genes controlling the fatty acid composition in rice bran oil using Vietnamese rice landraces. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:150. [PMID: 37156920 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa L.), rice bran contains valuable nutritional constituents, such as high unsaturated fat content, tocotrienols, inositol, γ-oryzanol, and phytosterols, all of which are of nutritional and pharmaceuticals interest. There is now a rising market demand for rice bran oil, which makes research into their content and fatty acid profile an area of interest. As it is evident that lipid content has a substantial impact on the eating, cooking, and storage quality of rice, an understanding of the genetic mechanisms that determine oil content in rice is of great importance, equal to that of rice quality. Therefore, in this study, we performed a genome-wide association study on the composition and oil concentration of 161 Vietnamese rice varieties. Five categories of fatty acids in rice bran were discovered and the bran oil concentration profile in different rice accessions was identified. We also identified 229 important markers related to the fatty acid composition of bran oil, distributed mainly on chromosomes 1 and 7. Seven quantitative trait loci and five potential genes related to unsaturated fatty acid content were detected, including OsKASI, OsFAD, OsARF, OsGAPDH, and OsMADS29. These results provide insights into the genetic basis of rice bran oil composition, which is pivotal to the metabolic engineering of rice plants with desirable bran oil content through candidate genes selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga T P Mai
- University of Sciences and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 10000, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| | - Linh Thi Thuy Nguyen
- University of Sciences and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 10000, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| | - Son Giang Tran
- University of Sciences and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 10000, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Mai To
- University of Sciences and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 10000, Ha Noi City, Vietnam.
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5
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Bibliometric Analysis of Functional Crops and Nutritional Quality: Identification of Gene Resources to Improve Crop Nutritional Quality through Gene Editing Technology. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020373. [PMID: 36678244 PMCID: PMC9865409 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Food security and hidden hunger are two worldwide serious and complex challenges nowadays. As one of the newly emerged technologies, gene editing technology and its application to crop improvement offers the possibility to relieve the pressure of food security and nutrient needs. In this paper, we analyzed the research status of quality improvement based on gene editing using four major crops, including rice, soybean, maize, and wheat, through a bibliometric analysis. The research hotspots now focus on the regulatory network of related traits, quite different from the technical improvements to gene editing in the early stage, while the trends in deregulation in gene-edited crops have accelerated related research. Then, we mined quality-related genes that can be edited to develop functional crops, including 16 genes related to starch, 15 to lipids, 14 to proteins, and 15 to other functional components. These findings will provide useful reference information and gene resources for the improvement of functional crops and nutritional quality based on gene editing technology.
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6
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Fox M, Newcomb K, Oliveira C, Shakiba E, Nawarathne IN. Facile analysis of rice bran oil to compare free unsaturated fatty acid compositions of parental and hybrid rice lines. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022; 99:1103-1111. [PMID: 36589259 PMCID: PMC9798847 DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice bran oil (RBO) has been a popular choice of cooking oil in several Asian countries for decades, and the interest in RBO is fast growing in Western countries due to the high levels of hearty unsaturated fats and other components beneficial to health. Further knowledge of unsaturated fatty acid content and composition in rice lines will assist in improving the quality of rice bran processing by allowing robust extraction of rice bran for oil production. The studies focused on the RBO composition of rice lines with beneficial genotypes are scarce. Accordingly, we investigated the total bran lipid content and composition of three of the most abundant, healthy, unsaturated fatty acids that freely exist in RBO: oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids in nine parental lines (two male sterile lines and seven male lines) and seven hybrid rice lines, by utilizing an efficacious organic extraction to collect RBO and by developing a user-friendly reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methodology. Our results showed that the hybrid lines had the highest oil content (F ratio = 7.2017, p value = 0.0019), while the male lines had the highest levels of two of the three free unsaturated fatty acids analyzed (linoleic acid,x ¯ = 212.801 mg and oleic acid,x ¯ = 48.132 mg). Oil weight was negatively correlated with α-linolenic acid (r = -0.6535, p value <0.0001). All three free unsaturated fatty acids were positively correlated. Our samples' natural variation in lipid content suggests that some rice lines are more suitable for oil production.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKinley Fox
- Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Lyon College, Batesville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kaleb Newcomb
- Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Lyon College, Batesville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Cassia Oliveira
- Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Lyon College, Batesville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ehsan Shakiba
- Rice Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, Stuttgart, Arkansas, USA
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7
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Jiang M, Wang B, Ye R, Yu N, Xie Z, Hua Y, Zhou R, Tian B, Dai S. Evidence and Impacts of Nanoplastic Accumulation on Crop Grains. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202336. [PMID: 36251925 PMCID: PMC9685458 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics are emerging pollutants of global concern. Agricultural soil is becoming a primary sink for nanoplastics generated from plastic debris. The uptake and accumulation of nanoplastics by crops contaminate the food chain and pose unexpected risks to human health. However, whether nanoplastics can enter grains and their impact on the grains of crop grown in contaminated soil is still unknown. Here, the translocation of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in crops, including peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) is investigated. It is demonstrated PS-NPs translocation from the root and accumulation in the grains at the maturation stage. The treatment with PS-NPs (250 mg kg-1 ) increases the empty-shell numbers of rice grain by 35.45%, thereby decreasing the seed-setting rate of rice by 3.02%, and also decreases the average seed weight of peanuts by 3.45%. Moreover, PS-NPs exerted adverse effects on nutritional quality, such as decreasing the content of mineral elements, amino acids, and unsaturated fatty acids. To the knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of nanoplastics in the grains of crop plants grown in soil containing nanoplastics, and the results highlight the impact of nanoplastics on the yield and nutritional quality of crop grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
- Hainan InstituteZhejiang UniversityYazhou Bay Sci‐Tech CitySanya572025P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyInstitute of Crop SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Binqiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Rui Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
- School of PhysicsInstitute of Quantitative BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Ning Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Zhenming Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Yuejin Hua
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
- School of PhysicsInstitute of Quantitative BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Bing Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
| | - Shang Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012P. R. China
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8
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Natural Variation of Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Affects Linolenic Acid Content and Starch Pasting Viscosity in Rice Grains. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912055. [PMID: 36233354 PMCID: PMC9570344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice, as one of the main food crops, provides a vital source of dietary energy for over half the world's population. The OsFAD3 gene encodes fatty acid desaturase, catalyzing the conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in rice. However, the genetic characterization of OsFAD3 and its role in the conversion of LA to ALA remains elusive. Here, we validated the effects of two homologous genes, OsFAD3-1 and OsFAD3-2, on the ALA and LA/ALA ratio in rice grains using near-isogenic lines. Two major haplotypes of OsFAD3-1 are identified with different effects on the ALA and LA/ALA ratio in rice germplasm. High expression of OsFAD3-1 is associated with high ALA accumulation and eating quality of rice grains. Overexpression of OsFAD3-1 driven by a seed-specific promoter increases the ALA content up to 16-fold in the endosperm. A diagnostic marker is designed based on an 8-bp insertion/deletion in the OsFAD3-1 promoter, which can recognize OsFAD3-1 alleles in rice. These results indicate that OsFAD3-1 is a useful target gene in marker-assisted breeding programs to improve varieties with high ALA and appropriate LA/ALA ratio in brown rice.
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9
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Xia D, Zhou H, Wang Y, Ao Y, Li Y, Huang J, Wu B, Li X, Wang G, Xiao J, Liu Q, He Y. qFC6, a major gene for crude fat content and quality in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:2675-2685. [PMID: 35715647 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
qFC6, a major quantitative trait locus for rice crude fat content, was fine mapped to be identical with Wx. FC6 negatively regulates crude fat content and rice quality. Starch, protein and lipids are the three major components in rice endosperm. The lipids content in rice influences both storage and quality. In this study, we identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL), qFC6, for crude fat (free lipids) content through association analysis and linkage analysis. Gene-based association analysis revealed that LOC_Os06g04200, also known as Wx, was the candidate gene for qFC6. Complementation and knockout transgenic lines revealed that Wx negatively regulates crude fat content. Lipid composition and content analysis by gas chromatography and taste evaluation analysis showed that FC6 positively influenced bound lipids content and negatively affected both free lipids content and taste. Besides, higher free lipids content rice varieties exhibit more lustrous appearance after cooking and by adding extra oil during cooking could improve rice luster and taste score, indicating that higher free lipids content may make rice more lustrous and delicious. Together, we cloned a QTL coordinating rice crude fat content and eating quality and assisted in uncovering the genetic basis of rice lipid content and in the improvement of rice eating quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yipei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yiting Ao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bian Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gongwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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10
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Badoni S, Parween S, Henry RJ, Sreenivasulu N. Systems seed biology to understand and manipulate rice grain quality and nutrition. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022:1-18. [PMID: 35723584 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2058460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most essential crops since it meets the calorific needs of 3 billion people around the world. Rice seed development initiates upon fertilization, leading to the establishment of two distinct filial tissues, the endosperm and embryo, which accumulate distinct seed storage products, such as starch, storage proteins, and lipids. A range of systems biology tools deployed in dissecting the spatiotemporal dynamics of transcriptome data, methylation, and small RNA based regulation operative during seed development, influencing the accumulation of storage products was reviewed. Studies of other model systems are also considered due to the limited information on the rice transcriptome. This review highlights key genes identified through a holistic view of systems biology targeted to modify biochemical composition and influence rice grain quality and nutritional value with the target of improving rice as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Badoni
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Manila, Philippines
| | - Sabiha Parween
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Manila, Philippines
| | - Robert J Henry
- Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Manila, Philippines
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11
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Plant monounsaturated fatty acids: Diversity, biosynthesis, functions and uses. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 85:101138. [PMID: 34774919 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monounsaturated fatty acids are straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids comprising a unique carbon‑carbon double bond, also termed unsaturation. More than 50 distinct molecular structures have been described in the plant kingdom, and more remain to be discovered. The evolution of land plants has apparently resulted in the convergent evolution of non-homologous enzymes catalyzing the dehydrogenation of saturated acyl chain substrates in a chemo-, regio- and stereoselective manner. Contrasted enzymatic characteristics and different subcellular localizations of these desaturases account for the diversity of existing fatty acid structures. Interestingly, the location and geometrical configuration of the unsaturation confer specific characteristics to these molecules found in a variety of membrane, storage, and surface lipids. An ongoing research effort aimed at exploring the links existing between fatty acid structures and their biological functions has already unraveled the importance of several monounsaturated fatty acids in various physiological and developmental contexts. What is more, the monounsaturated acyl chains found in the oils of seeds and fruits are widely and increasingly used in the food and chemical industries due to the physicochemical properties inherent in their structures. Breeders and plant biotechnologists therefore develop new crops with high monounsaturated contents for various agro-industrial purposes.
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12
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Bhunia RK, Sinha K, Kaur R, Kaur S, Chawla K. A Holistic View of the Genetic Factors Involved in Triggering Hydrolytic and Oxidative Rancidity of Rice Bran Lipids. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1915328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupam Kumar Bhunia
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kshitija Sinha
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjeet Kaur
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kirti Chawla
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering, Mohali, Punjab, India
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13
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Jeyamogan S, Khan NA, Sagathevan K, Siddiqui R. Crocodylus porosus: a potential source of anticancer molecules. BMJ OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 4:e100040. [PMID: 35047686 PMCID: PMC8749261 DOI: 10.1136/bmjos-2019-100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer remains a global threat resulting in significant morbidity and mortality despite advances in therapeutic interventions, suggesting urgency for identification of anticancer agents. Crocodiles thrive in polluted habitat, feed on germ-infested meat, are exposed to carcinogenic heavy metals, are the very few species to survive the catastrophic Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, yet have a prolonged lifespan and rarely been reported to develop cancer. Therefore, we hypothesised that animals living in polluted environments such as crocodiles possess anticancer molecules/mechanisms. Methods Crocodylus porosus was procured, blood collected, dissected and lysates prepared from internal organs. Organ lysates and sera were tested for growth inhibition, cytotoxic effects and cell survival against HeLa, PC3 and MCF7 cells and subjected to liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RNA transcriptome analysis and differential gene analysis were performed using Galaxy Bioinformatics. Results Sera exhibited potent growth inhibition and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. 80 molecules were detected from C. porosus and 19 molecules were putatively identified. Additionally, more than 100 potential anticancer peptides were identified from sera using bioinformatics based on peptide amino acid composition, binary profile, dipeptide composition and pseudo-amino acid composition. Following transcriptome analysis, 14 genes in treated HeLa cells, 51 genes in treated MCF7 cells and 2 genes in treated PC3 cells, were found to be expressed, compared with untreated controls. Conclusion Animals residing in polluted milieus are an unexploited source for prospective pharmaceutical drugs, and could lead to identification of novel antitumour compound(s) and/or further understanding of the mechanisms of cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareni Jeyamogan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - K Sagathevan
- Science and Technology, Sunway College, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Mutations of OsPLDa1 Increase Lysophospholipid Content and Enhance Cooking and Eating Quality in Rice. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9030390. [PMID: 32245281 PMCID: PMC7154823 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids belong to a significant class of lipids and comprise ~10% of total lipids in rice grains. Lysophospholipid (LPL) is derived from the hydrolysis of phospholipids and plays an important role in rice grain quality. Our previous study demonstrated that mutations in a phospholipase D gene (OsPLDα1) significantly altered lipid metabolites and reduced phytic acid content. In the present study, the effect of two ospldα1 mutations on LPL and other physicochemical prosperities of brown rice was further investigated, with the aim of assessing the overall importance of ospldα1 mutations in rice grain quality. Metabolite profiling revealed a ~15% increase in LPL level in both ospldα1 mutants as compared with their wild-type (WT) parent. Both ospldα1 mutations significantly lowered the apparent amylose content in brown rice flour (~1.9%) and altered viscosity profiles with significantly increased breakdown (+12.4%) and significantly reduced setback viscosity (−6.2%). Moreover, both ospldα1 mutations significantly lowered the gelatinization onset, peak temperature and retrogradation percentage of brown rice flour. This study demonstrated that OsPLDα1 plays a crucial role in rice grain quality and its mutation could, in general, improve the cooking and eating quality and nourishment of brown rice.
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15
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Bollinedi H, Singh AK, Singh N, S GK, Bhowmick PK, K K V, M N, R K E. Genetic and genomic approaches to address rapid rancidity of rice bran. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:75-84. [PMID: 31997650 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1718598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rice bran is an invaluable by-product of paddy processing industry. It is rich in minerals, protein, lipids, and crude fiber. In addition, it also possesses compounds with anti-oxidant, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer properties. It forms a basis for the extraction of rice bran oil and preparation of various functional foods with health benefits and potential to prevent chronic health issues. Nevertheless, the rapid deterioration of bran upon storage acts as a major limitation in exploiting the full potential of rice bran. In this review, we have discussed three strategies to address rapid rancidity of rice bran and enhance its shelf life and storability vis-a-vis emphasizing the importance of rice bran in terms of its nutritional composition. One strategy is through exploitation of the null mutations in the genes governing lipases and lipoxygenases leading to nonfunctional enzymes (enzyme deficient approach), another strategy is through reducing the PUFA content that is more prone to oxidation (substrate deficient approach) and a third strategy is through enhancing the antioxidant content that effectively terminate the lipid peroxidation by donating the hydrogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritha Bollinedi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - A K Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Gopala Krishnan S
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Prolay K Bhowmick
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod K K
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Nagarajan M
- ICAR - IARI and Genetics Research Centre, Aduthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ellur R K
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
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16
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E Z, Chen C, Yang J, Tong H, Li T, Wang L, Chen H. Genome-wide analysis of fatty acid desaturase genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Sci Rep 2019; 9:19445. [PMID: 31857634 PMCID: PMC6923433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55648-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid desaturases can catalyze saturated or unsaturated fatty acids to form a double bond at various locations in the hydrocarbon chain. In the present study, a total of 20 full-length desaturase genes were identified from rice genome. An exhaustive analysis was performed to describe their chromosomal locations, gene structures, phylogeny, cis-regulatory elements, sub-cellular localizations and expression patterns. The rice desaturase genes were distributed on ten of 12 chromosomes and phylogenetically classified into six subfamilies with the Arabidopsis counterparts, FAB2, FAD2, FAD3/7/8, FAD6, DES1 and SLD1. Among of them, 9 members were expanded via chromosomal tandem or segmental duplications. The gene structures and motif constituents were evolutionarily conserved in the same subfamilies. The majority of desaturase genes showed tissue-specific expression patterns and response to abiotic stresses and hormones based on microarray data and qRT-PCR analyses. This study will provide useful clues for functional validation of desaturase genes and contribute to produce nutritionally important fatty acids by genetic modification in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo E
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jinyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Hanhua Tong
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Hongqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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17
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Gladman N, Jiao Y, Lee YK, Zhang L, Chopra R, Regulski M, Burow G, Hayes C, Christensen SA, Dampanaboina L, Chen J, Burke J, Ware D, Xin Z. Fertility of Pedicellate Spikelets in Sorghum Is Controlled by a Jasmonic Acid Regulatory Module. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194951. [PMID: 31597271 PMCID: PMC6801740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As in other cereal crops, the panicles of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) comprise two types of floral spikelets (grass flowers). Only sessile spikelets (SSs) are capable of producing viable grains, whereas pedicellate spikelets (PSs) cease development after initiation and eventually abort. Consequently, grain number per panicle (GNP) is lower than the total number of flowers produced per panicle. The mechanism underlying this differential fertility is not well understood. To investigate this issue, we isolated a series of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-induced multiseeded (msd) mutants that result in full spikelet fertility, effectively doubling GNP. Previously, we showed that MSD1 is a TCP (Teosinte branched/Cycloidea/PCF) transcription factor that regulates jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, and ultimately floral sex organ development. Here, we show that MSD2 encodes a lipoxygenase (LOX) that catalyzes the first committed step of JA biosynthesis. Further, we demonstrate that MSD1 binds to the promoters of MSD2 and other JA pathway genes. Together, these results show that a JA-induced module regulates sorghum panicle development and spikelet fertility. The findings advance our understanding of inflorescence development and could lead to new strategies for increasing GNP and grain yield in sorghum and other cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Gladman
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
| | - Yinping Jiao
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
| | - Young Koung Lee
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
- Plasma Technology Research Center, National Fusion Research Institute, 37, Dongjangsan-ro, Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54004, Korea.
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
| | - Ratan Chopra
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
- Current address: Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Michael Regulski
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
| | - Gloria Burow
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
| | - Chad Hayes
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
| | - Shawn A Christensen
- Chemistry Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 1700 S.W. 23RD DRIVE, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
| | - Lavanya Dampanaboina
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
| | - Junping Chen
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
| | - John Burke
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
| | - Doreen Ware
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, NEA Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Zhanguo Xin
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA.
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18
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Abe K, Araki E, Suzuki Y, Toki S, Saika H. Production of high oleic/low linoleic rice by genome editing. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 131:58-62. [PMID: 29735369 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Rice bran oil (RBO) contains many valuable healthy constituents, including oleic acid. Improvement of the fatty acid composition in RBO, including an increase in the content of oleic acid, which helps suppress lifestyle disease, would increase health benefits. The enzyme fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) catalyzes the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid in plants, and FAD2 mutants exhibit altered oleic and linoleic acid content in many crops. There are three functional FAD2 genes in the genome of rice (Oryza sativa L.), and, of these, expression of the OsFAD2-1 gene is highest in rice seeds. In order to produce high oleic/low linoleic RBO, we attempted to disrupt the OsFAD2-1 gene by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis. We succeeded in the production of homozygous OsFAD2-1 knockout rice plants. The content of oleic acid increased to more than twice that of wild type, and, surprisingly, linoleic acid, a catabolite of oleic acid by FAD2, decreased dramatically to undetectable levels in fad2-1 mutant brown rice seeds. In this study, by genome editing based on genome information, we succeeded in the production of rice whose fatty acid composition is greatly improved. We suggest that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of a major gene that shows dominant expression in the target tissue could be a powerful tool to improve target traits in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Abe
- Plant Genome Engineering Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Etsuko Araki
- Rice Quality Research Unit, Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Suzuki
- Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-40-2, Nissinmachi, Kita-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 331-8537, Japan
| | - Seiichi Toki
- Plant Genome Engineering Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan; Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka-cho, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Saika
- Plant Genome Engineering Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan.
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19
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Progress in the genetic engineering of cereals to produce essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Biotechnol 2018; 284:115-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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20
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Sturtevant D, Horn P, Kennedy C, Hinze L, Percy R, Chapman K. Lipid metabolites in seeds of diverse Gossypium accessions: molecular identification of a high oleic mutant allele. PLANTA 2017; 245:595-610. [PMID: 27988885 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Genetically diverse cottonseeds show altered compositions and spatial distributions of phosphatidylcholines and triacylglycerols. Lipidomics profiling led to the discovery of a novel FAD2 - 1 allele, fad2 - 1D - 1 , resulting in a high oleic phenotype. The domestication and breeding of cotton for elite, high-fiber cultivars have led to reduced variation of seed constituents within currently cultivated upland cotton genotypes. However, a recent screen of the genetically diverse U.S. National Cotton Germplasm Collection identified Gossypium accessions with marked differences in seed oil and protein content. Here, several of these accessions representing substantial variation in seed oil content were analyzed for quantitative and spatial differences in lipid compositions by mass spectrometric approaches. Results indicate considerable variation in amount and spatial distribution of pathway metabolites for triacylglycerol biosynthesis in embryos across Gossypium accessions, suggesting that this variation might be exploited by breeders for seed composition traits. By way of example, these lipid metabolite differences led to the identification of a mutant allele of the D-subgenome homolog of the delta-12 desaturase (fad2-1D-1) in a wild accession of G. barbadense that has a high oil and high oleic seed phenotype. This mutation is a 90-bp insertion in the 3' end of the FAD2-1D coding sequence and a modification of the 3' end of the gene beyond the coding sequence leading to the introduction of a premature stop codon. Given the large amounts of cottonseed produced around the world that is currently not processed into higher value products, these efforts might be one avenue to raise the overall value of the cotton crop for producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Sturtevant
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Plant Lipid Research, BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX, 76203-5217, USA
| | - Patrick Horn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Plant Lipid Research, BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX, 76203-5217, USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Christopher Kennedy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Plant Lipid Research, BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX, 76203-5217, USA
| | - Lori Hinze
- USDA/ARS, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Richard Percy
- USDA/ARS, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Kent Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Plant Lipid Research, BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX, 76203-5217, USA.
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