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von Dahlen JK, Schulz K, Nicolai J, Rose LE. Global expression patterns of R-genes in tomato and potato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1216795. [PMID: 37965025 PMCID: PMC10641715 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1216795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction As key-players of plant immunity, the proteins encoded by resistance genes (R-genes) recognize pathogens and initiate pathogen-specific defense responses. The expression of some R-genes carry fitness costs and therefore inducible immune responses are likely advantageous. To what degree inducible resistance driven by R-genes is triggered by pathogen infection is currently an open question. Methods In this study we analyzed the expression of 940 R-genes of tomato and potato across 315 transcriptome libraries to investigate how interspecific interactions with microbes influence R-gene expression in plants. Results We found that most R-genes are expressed at a low level. A small subset of R-genes had moderate to high levels of expression and were expressed across many independent libraries, irrespective of infection status. These R-genes include members of the class of genes called NRCs (NLR required for cell death). Approximately 10% of all R-genes were differentially expressed during infection and this included both up- and down-regulation. One factor associated with the large differences in R-gene expression was host tissue, reflecting a considerable degree of tissue-specific transcriptional regulation of this class of genes. Discussion These results call into question the widespread view that R-gene expression is induced upon pathogen attack. Instead, a small core set of R-genes is constitutively expressed, imparting upon the plant a ready-to-detect and defend status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina K. von Dahlen
- Institute of Population Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- iGRAD-Plant Graduate School, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schulz
- Institute of Population Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Ceplas, Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Nicolai
- Institute of Population Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura E. Rose
- Institute of Population Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Ceplas, Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Bairwa A, Sood S, Bhardwaj V, Rawat S, Tamanna T, Siddappa S, Venkatasalam EP, Dipta B, Sharma AK, Kumar A, Singh B, Mhatre PH, Sharma S, Kumar V. Identification of genes governing resistance to PCN (Globodera rostochiensis) through transcriptome analysis in Solanum tuberosum. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:242. [PMID: 37453957 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) are major pests worldwide that affect potato production. The molecular changes happening in the roots upon PCN infection are still unknown. Identification of transcripts and genes governing PCN resistance will help in the development of resistant varieties. Hence, differential gene expression of compatible (Kufri Jyoti) and incompatible (JEX/A-267) potato genotypes was studied before (0 DAI) and after (10 DAI) inoculation of Globodera rostochiensis J2s through RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Total sequencing reads generated ranged between 33 and 37 million per sample, with a read mapping of 48-84% to the potato reference genome. In the infected roots of the resistant genotype JEX/A-267, 516 genes were downregulated, and 566 were upregulated. In comparison, in the susceptible genotype Kufri Jyoti, 316 and 554 genes were downregulated and upregulated, respectively. Genes encoding cell wall proteins, zinc finger protein, WRKY transcription factors, MYB transcription factors, disease resistance proteins, and pathogenesis-related proteins were found to be majorly involved in the incompatible reaction after PCN infection in the resistant genotype, JEX/A-267. Furthermore, RNA-Seq results were validated through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and it was observed that ATP, FLAVO, CYTO, and GP genes were upregulated at 5 DAI, which was subsequently downregulated at 10 DAI. The genes encoding ATP, FLAVO, LBR, and GP were present in > 1.5 fold before infection in JEX-A/267 and upregulated 7.9- to 27.6-fold after 5 DAI; subsequently, most of these genes were downregulated to 0.9- to 2.8-fold, except LBR, which was again upregulated to 44.4-fold at 10 DAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Bairwa
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Salej Sood
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Vinay Bhardwaj
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Shashi Rawat
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tamanna Tamanna
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sundaresha Siddappa
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - E P Venkatasalam
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Muthorai, 643004, The Nilgiris, Udhagamandalam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhawna Dipta
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani K Sharma
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Baljeet Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Priyank H Mhatre
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Muthorai, 643004, The Nilgiris, Udhagamandalam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjeev Sharma
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, 171001, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Kochetov AV, Gavrilenko TA, Afanasenko OS. [New genetic tools for plant defense against parasitic nematodes]. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 25:337-343. [PMID: 34901730 PMCID: PMC8627880 DOI: 10.18699/vj21.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Нематоды относятся к числу значимых вредителей сельскохозяйственных растений. В обзоре
рассмотрены последние данные о молекулярных механизмах устойчивости растений к цистообразующим
и галловым нематодам, среди которых одни из наиболее вредоносных видов: Globodera rostochiensis, G. pallida, Heterodera schachtii, Meloidogyne chitwoodi и M. incognita. Например, золотистая картофельная нематода
G. rostochiensis, зарегистрированная в 61 субъекте РФ на общей площади 1.8 млн га, способна приводить к потере
от 19 до 90 % урожая картофеля. Биологические особенности нематод затрудняют разработку агротехнических
способов борьбы с ними: цисты G. rostochiensis сохраняют жизнеспособность в почве в течение многих лет, нематициды токсичны или малоэффективны, поэтому предпочтительным методом борьбы с ними является интрогрессия генов устойчивости от родственных культурных и дикорастущих видов. Стратегия жизненного цикла
цистообразующих и галловых нематод основана на способности личинок проникать в корни восприимчивых
видов растений, репрограммировать клетки растения-хозяина, формирующие гигантские клетки или синцитии
в качестве питающих структур, а также ингибировать иммунный ответ. Молекулярные механизмы, лежащие в
основе такого взаимодействия в системе «патоген–хозяин», вызывают значительный интерес как с точки зрения
управления морфогенезом растений, так и в аспекте разработки безопасных и эффективных способов борьбы с
паразитическими нематодами. В обзоре рассмотрены данные об эффекторах, с помощью которых разные виды
нематод контролируют иммунный ответ растения-хозяина, а также гены устойчивости (R-гены) и некоторые
молекулярные механизмы, прерывающие формирование питающих структур и развитие паразита. Приведены
новые данные о способах генетического контроля, основанных на одном из активно обсуждаемых в последнее время варианте механизма РНК-интерференции – HIGS (host induced gene silencing), представляющем собой
адресное выключение экспрессии гена-мишени в клетках личинки нематоды с помощью специфических двуцепочечных РНК, синтезирующихся в клетках растения-хозяина. Индукция РНК-интерференции в клетках растений
приводит к появлению молекул-медиаторов, способных инициировать аналогичный процесс в клетках фитофагов, взаимодействующих с растением, в том числе у личинок нематод. Описаны случаи, в которых такое адресное выключение экспрессии генов-мишеней приводило к нарушениям развития личинок и высокому уровню
защиты сельскохозяйственных растений от наиболее опасных видов нематод.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Kochetov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T A Gavrilenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O S Afanasenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Demenkov PS, Oshchepkova ЕА, Demenkov PS, Ivanisenko TV, Ivanisenko VA. Prioritization of biological processes based on the reconstruction and analysis of associative gene networks describing the response of plants to adverse environmental factors. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 25:580-592. [PMID: 34723066 PMCID: PMC8543060 DOI: 10.18699/vj21.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods for prioritizing or ranking candidate genes according to their importance based on specif ic criteria
via the analysis of gene networks are widely used in biomedicine to search for genes associated with diseases and to
predict biomarkers, pharmacological targets and other clinically relevant molecules. These methods have also been
used in other f ields, particularly in crop production. This is largely due to the development of technologies to solve
problems in marker-oriented and genomic selection, which requires knowledge of the molecular genetic mechanisms
underlying the formation of agriculturally valuable traits. A new direction for the study of molecular genetic mechanisms
is the prioritization of biological processes based on the analysis of associative gene networks. Associative gene
networks are heterogeneous networks whose vertices can depict both molecular genetic objects (genes, proteins, metabolites,
etc.) and the higher-level factors (biological processes, diseases, external environmental factors, etc.) related
to regulatory, physicochemical or associative interactions. Using a previously developed method, biological processes
involved in plant responses to increased cadmium content, saline stress and drought conditions were prioritized according
to their degree of connection with the gene networks in the SOLANUM TUBEROSUM knowledge base. The
prioritization results indicate that fundamental processes, such as gene expression, post-translational modif ications,
protein degradation, programmed cell death, photosynthesis, signal transmission and stress response play important
roles in the common molecular genetic mechanisms for plant response to various adverse factors. On the other hand, a
group of processes related to the development of seeds (“seeding development”) was revealed to be drought specif ic,
while processes associated with ion transport (“ion transport”) were included in the list of responses specif ic to salt
stress and processes associated with the metabolism of lipids were found to be involved specif ically in the response to
cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Е А Oshchepkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P S Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T V Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V A Ivanisenko
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russiavosibirsk, Russia Kurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Soriano JM, Colasuonno P, Marcotuli I, Gadaleta A. Meta-QTL analysis and identification of candidate genes for quality, abiotic and biotic stress in durum wheat. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11877. [PMID: 34088972 PMCID: PMC8178383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic improvement of durum wheat and enhancement of plant performance often depend on the identification of stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) and closely linked molecular markers. This is essential for better understanding the genetic basis of important agronomic traits and identifying an effective method for improving selection efficiency in breeding programmes. Meta-QTL analysis is a useful approach for dissecting the genetic basis of complex traits, providing broader allelic coverage and higher mapping resolution for the identification of putative molecular markers to be used in marker-assisted selection. In the present study, extensive QTL meta-analysis was conducted on 45 traits of durum wheat, including quality and biotic and abiotic stress-related traits. A total of 368 QTL distributed on all 14 chromosomes of genomes A and B were projected: 171 corresponded to quality-related traits, 127 to abiotic stress and 71 to biotic stress, of which 318 were grouped in 85 meta-QTL (MQTL), 24 remained as single QTL and 26 were not assigned to any MQTL. The number of MQTL per chromosome ranged from 4 in chromosomes 1A and 6A to 9 in chromosome 7B; chromosomes 3A and 7A showed the highest number of individual QTL (4), and chromosome 7B the highest number of undefined QTL (4). The recently published genome sequence of durum wheat was used to search for candidate genes within the MQTL peaks. This work will facilitate cloning and pyramiding of QTL to develop new cultivars with specific quantitative traits and speed up breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Miguel Soriano
- Sustainable Field Crops Programme, IRTA (Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology), 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Pasqualina Colasuonno
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marcotuli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Kochetov AV, Egorova AA, Glagoleva AY, Strygina KV, Khlestkina EK, Gerasimova SV, Shatskaya NV, Vasilyev GV, Afonnikov DA, Shmakov NA, Antonova OY, Alpatyeva NV, Khiutti A, Afanasenko OS, Gavrilenko TA. The mechanism of potato resistance to Globodera rostochiensis: comparison of root transcriptomes of resistant and susceptible Solanum phureja genotypes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:350. [PMID: 33050888 PMCID: PMC7557027 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globodera rostochiensis belongs to major potato pathogens with a sophisticated mechanism of interaction with roots of the host plants. Resistance of commercial varieties is commonly based on specific R genes introgressed from natural populations of related wild species and from native potato varieties grown in the Andean highlands. Investigation of molecular resistance mechanisms and screening the natural populations for novel R genes are important for both fundamental knowledge on plant pathogen interactions and breeding for durable resistance. Here we exploited the Solanum phureja accessions collected in South America with contrasting resistance to G. rostochiensis. RESULTS The infestation of S. phureja with G. rostochiensis juveniles resulted in wounding stress followed by activation of cell division and tissue regeneration processes. Unlike the susceptible S. phureja genotype, the resistant accession reacted by rapid induction of variety of stress response related genes. This chain of molecular events accompanies the hypersensitive response at the juveniles' invasion sites and provides high-level resistance. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed considerable differences between the analyzed S. phureja genotypes and the reference genome. CONCLUSION The molecular processes in plant roots associated with changes in gene expression patterns in response to G. rostochiensis infestation and establishment of either resistant or susceptible phenotypes are discussed. De novo transcriptome assembling is considered as an important tool for discovery of novel resistance traits in S. phureja accessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex V. Kochetov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Anastasiya A. Egorova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Anastasiya Y. Glagoleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Kseniya V. Strygina
- Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Saint Petersburg, 190000 Russia
| | - Elena K. Khlestkina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Saint Petersburg, 190000 Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Olga Y. Antonova
- Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Saint Petersburg, 190000 Russia
| | - Natalia V. Alpatyeva
- Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Saint Petersburg, 190000 Russia
| | - Alexander Khiutti
- All Russian Research Institute for Plant Protection, Saint Petersburg, 196608 Russia
| | - Olga S. Afanasenko
- All Russian Research Institute for Plant Protection, Saint Petersburg, 196608 Russia
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Du C, Jiang J, Zhang H, Zhao T, Yang H, Zhang D, Zhao Z, Xu X, Li J. Transcriptomic profiling of Solanum peruvianum LA3858 revealed a Mi-3-mediated hypersensitive response to Meloidogyne incognita. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:250. [PMID: 32293256 PMCID: PMC7092525 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Mi-1 gene was the first identified and cloned gene that provides resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKNs) in cultivated tomato. However, owing to its temperature sensitivity, this gene does not meet the need for breeding disease-resistant plants that grow under high temperature. In this study, Mi-3 was isolated from the wild species PI 126443 (LA3858) and was shown to display heat-stable resistance to RKNs. However, the mechanism that regulates this resistance remains unknown. Results In this study, 4760, 1024 and 137 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched on the basis of pairwise comparisons (34 °C vs. 25 °C) at 0 (before inoculation), 3 and 6 days post-inoculation (dpi), respectively. A total of 7035 DEGs were identified from line LA3858 in the respective groups under the different soil temperature treatments. At 3 dpi, most DEGs were enriched in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways related to plant biotic responses, such as “plant-pathogen interaction” and “plant hormone signal transduction”. Significantly enriched DEGs were found to encode key proteins such as R proteins and heat-shock proteins (HSPs). Moreover, other DEGs were found to participate in Ca2+ signal transduction; the production of ROS; DEGs encoding transcription factors (TFs) from the bHLH, TGA, ERF, heat-shock transcription factor (HSF) and WRKY families were highly expressed, which contribute to be involved into the formation of phytohormones, such as salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET), the expression of most was upregulated at 3 dpi at the 25 °C soil temperature compared with the 34 °C soil temperature. Conclusion Taken together, the results of our study revealed reliable candidate genes from wild materials LA3858, that are related to Mi-3-mediate resistance to Meloidogyne incognita. A large number of vital pathways and DEGs were expressed specifically in accession LA3858 grown at 34 °C and 25 °C soil temperatures at 3 dpi. Upon infection by RKNs, pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) specifically recognized conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) as a result of pathogen-triggered immunity (PTI), and the downstream defensive signal transduction pathway was likely activated through Ca2+ signal channels. The expression of various TFs was induced to synthesize phytohormones and activate R proteins related to resistance, resulting in the development of effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Last, a hypersensitive response in the roots occurred, which was probably induced by the accumulation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Du
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbin Jiang
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - He Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongye Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhentong Zhao
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfu Li
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding in Tomato, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Transcriptome Arofile of Brassica rapa L. Reveals the Involvement of Jasmonic Acid, Ethylene, and Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathways in Clubroot Resistance. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodiophora brassicae is a protozoan pathogen that causes clubroot disease in cruciferous plants, particularly Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa). A previous study identified a clubroot resistance gene (CRd) conferring race-specific resistance to P. brassicae. However, the defense mechanisms of B. rapa against virulent vs. avirulent P. brassicae are poorly understood. In this study, we carried out a global transcriptional analysis in the clubroot-resistant Chinese cabbage inbred line “85–74” carrying the CRd gene and inoculated with avirulent (LAB-4) or virulent (SCCD-52) P. brassicae. RNA sequencing showed that “85–74” responded most rapidly to SCCD-52 infection, and the number of differentially expressed genes was much higher in SCCD-52-treated as compared to LAB-4-treated plants (5552 vs. 304). Transcriptome profiling revealed that plant hormone signal transduction and plant–pathogen interaction pathways played key roles in the late stages of P. brassicae infection. Genes relating to the salicyclic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET), and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways were up-regulated relative to untreated plants in response to LAB-4 infection at 8, 16, and 32 days post-inoculation (dpi) whereas JA, ET, and BR signaling-related genes were not activated in response to SCCD-52, and SA signaling-related genes were up-regulated in both LAB-4 and SCCD-52, suggesting that SA signaling is not the key factor in host resistance to avirulent P. brassicae. In addition, genes associated with phosphorylation and Ca2+ signaling pathways were down-regulated to a greater degree following LAB-4 as compared to SCCD-52 infection at 8 dpi. These results indicate that effector-triggered immunity in “85–74” is more potently activated in response to infection with avirulent P. brassicae and that JA, ET, and BR signaling are important for the host response at the late stage of infection. These findings provide insight into P. brassicae pathotype-specific defense mechanisms in cruciferous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy L. Orlov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Tatarinova
- Department of Biology, University of La Verne, La Verne, CA USA
- Vavilov Institute for General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alex V. Kochetov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Orlov YL, Baranova AV, Chen M, Salina EA. Plant Biology at Belyaev Conference - 2017. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:257. [PMID: 29297331 PMCID: PMC5751566 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy L Orlov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Ancha V Baranova
- Research Centre of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ming Chen
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Elena A Salina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
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