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Almestica-Roberts M, Nguyen ND, Sun L, Serna SN, Rapp E, Burrell-Gerbers KL, Memon TA, Stone BL, Nkoy FL, Lamb JG, Deering-Rice CE, Rower JE, Reilly CA. The Cytochrome P450 2C8*3 Variant (rs11572080) Is Associated with Improved Asthma Symptom Control in Children and Altered Lipid Mediator Production and Inflammatory Response in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:836-846. [PMID: 38772712 PMCID: PMC11257687 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.124.001684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated an association between the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8*3 polymorphism with asthma symptom control in children and changes in lipid metabolism and pro-inflammatory signaling by human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) treated with cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). CYP genes are inherently variable in sequence, and while such variations are known to produce clinically relevant effects on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, the effects on endogenous substrate metabolism and associated physiologic processes are less understood. In this study, CYP2C8*3 was associated with improved asthma symptom control among children: Mean asthma control scores were 3.68 (n = 207) for patients with one or more copies of the CYP2C8*3 allele versus 4.42 (n = 965) for CYP2C8*1/*1 (P = 0.0133). In vitro, CYP2C8*3 was associated with an increase in montelukast 36-hydroxylation and a decrease in linoleic acid metabolism despite lower mRNA and protein expression. Additionally, CYP2C8*3 was associated with reduced mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL-8) by HBECs in response to CSC, which was replicated using the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, 12-[[(tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]dec-1-ylamino)carbonyl]amino]-dodecanoic acid. Interestingly, 9(10)- and 12(13)- dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid, the hydrolyzed metabolites of 9(10)- and 12(13)- epoxyoctadecenoic acid, increased the expression of IL-6 and CXCL-8 mRNA by HBECs. This study reveals previously undocumented effects of the CYP2C8*3 variant on the response of HBECs to exogenous stimuli. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: These findings suggest a role for CYP2C8 in regulating the epoxyoctadecenoic acid:dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid ratio leading to a change in cellular inflammatory responses elicited by environmental stimuli that exacerbate asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marysol Almestica-Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nam D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Samantha N Serna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emmanuel Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Katherine L Burrell-Gerbers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tosifa A Memon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Bryan L Stone
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Flory L Nkoy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - John G Lamb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Joseph E Rower
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology (M.A.-R., N.D.N., L.S., S.N.S., E.R., K.L.B.-G., T.A.M., J.G.L., C.E.D.-R., J.E.R., C.A.R.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (B.L.S., F.L.N.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Zhang J, Zhang M, Huo XK, Ning J, Yu ZL, Morisseau C, Sun CP, Hammock BD, Ma XC. Macrophage Inactivation by Small Molecule Wedelolactone via Targeting sEH for the Treatment of LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:440-456. [PMID: 36968547 PMCID: PMC10037491 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays a critical role in inflammation by modulating levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs). Here, we investigate the possible role of sEH in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated macrophage activation and acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, we found that a small molecule, wedelolactone (WED), targeted sEH and led to macrophage inactivation. Through the molecular interaction with amino acids Phe362 and Gln384, WED suppressed sEH activity to enhance levels of EETs, thus attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress by regulating glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3β)-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways in vitro. In an LPS-stimulated ALI animal model, pharmacological sEH inhibition by WED or sEH knockout (KO) alleviated pulmonary damage, such as the increase in the alveolar wall thickness and collapse. Additionally, WED or sEH genetic KO both suppressed macrophage activation and attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo. These findings provided the broader prospects for ALI treatment by targeting sEH to alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress and suggested WED as a natural lead candidate for the development of novel synthetic sEH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Second
Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- Second
Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jing Ning
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhen-Long Yu
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Cheng-Peng Sun
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Second
Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
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Zhang J, Zhang M, Zhang WH, Zhu QM, Huo XK, Sun CP, Ma XC, Xiao HT. Total flavonoids of Inula japonica alleviated the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in LPS-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting the sEH activity: Insights from lipid metabolomics. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154380. [PMID: 36150346 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe respiratory disease characterized by diffuse lung interstitial and respiratory distress and pulmonary edema with a mortality rate of 35%-40%. Inula japonica Thunb., known as "Xuan Fu Hua" in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese medicine Inulae Flos to use for relieving cough, eliminating expectorant, and preventing bacterial infections in the clinic, and possesses an anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect. However, the effect and action mechanism of I. japonica on ALI is still unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of total flavonoids of I. japonica (TFIJ) in the treatment of ALI. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A mouse ALI model was established through administration of LPS by the intratracheal instillation. Protective effects of TFIJ in the inflammation and oxidative stress were studied in LPS-induced ALI mice based on inflammatory and oxidative stress factors, including MDA, MPO, SOD, and TNF-α. Lipid metabolomics, bioinformatics, Western blot, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry were performed to reveal the potential mechanism of TFIJ in the treatment of ALI. RESULTS TFIJ significantly alleviated the interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells and the collapse of the alveoli in LPS-induced ALI mice. Lipid metabolomics demonstrated that TFIJ could significantly affect the CYP2J/sEH-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism, such as 11,12-EET, 14,15-EET, 8,9-DHET, 11,12-DHET, and 14,15-DHET, revealing that sEH was the potential target of TFIJ, which was further supported by the recombinant sEH-mediated the substrate hydrolysis in vitro (IC50 = 1.18 μg/ml). Inhibition of sEH by TFIJ alleviated the inflammatory response and oxidative stress via the MAPK, NF-κB, and Nrf2 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that TFIJ could suppress the sEH activity to stabilize the level of EETs, allowing the alleviation of the pathological course of lung injury in LPS-treated mice, which suggested that TFIJ could serve as the potential agents in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi-Meng Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng-Peng Sun
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Hai-Tao Xiao
- School of pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Mohammed A, Kalle AM, Reddanna P. Managing SARS-CoV2 Infections Through Resolution of Inflammation by Eicosanoids: A Review. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4349-4358. [PMID: 35937919 PMCID: PMC9346295 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s355568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Corona Virus Disease is characterized by angiocentric inflammation of lungs and cytokine storm leading to potentially fatal multiple organ failure. Several studies have shown the high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicative of a poor prognosis in COVID-19. Eicosanoids play an important role in the induction of inflammation and cytokine production, while anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties of some eicosanoic acid derivatives enable inflamed tissues to return to homeostasis through the resolution of inflammation by aiding the clearance of cell debris and downregulation of pro-inflammatory stimulants. This review attempts to provide an overall insight on the eicosanoids synthesis and their role in the resolution of inflammation in the context of Corona Virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameena Mohammed
- Department of Biological Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Arunasree M Kalle
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
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5
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Shi Z, He Z, Wang DW. CYP450 Epoxygenase Metabolites, Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids, as Novel Anti-Inflammatory Mediators. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123873. [PMID: 35744996 PMCID: PMC9230517 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the initiation and development of a wide range of systemic illnesses. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are derived from arachidonic acid (AA) metabolized by CYP450 epoxygenase (CYP450) and are subsequently hydrolyzed by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), which are merely biologically active. EETs possess a wide range of established protective effects on many systems of which anti-inflammatory actions have gained great interest. EETs attenuate vascular inflammation and remodeling by inhibiting activation of endothelial cells and reducing cross-talk between inflammatory cells and blood vessels. EETs also process direct and indirect anti-inflammatory properties in the myocardium and therefore alleviate inflammatory cardiomyopathy and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, emerging studies show the substantial roles of EETs in relieving inflammation under other pathophysiological environments, such as diabetes, sepsis, lung injuries, neurodegenerative disease, hepatic diseases, kidney injury, and arthritis. Furthermore, pharmacological manipulations of the AA-CYP450-EETs-sEH pathway have demonstrated a contribution to the alleviation of numerous inflammatory diseases, which highlight a therapeutic potential of drugs targeting this pathway. This review summarizes the progress of AA-CYP450-EETs-sEH pathway in regulation of inflammation under different pathological conditions and discusses the existing challenges and future direction of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqi Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Zuowen He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (D.W.W.)
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (D.W.W.)
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Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids and Fibrosis: Recent Insights for the Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910714. [PMID: 34639055 PMCID: PMC8509622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ fibrosis often ends in eventual organ failure and leads to high mortality. Although researchers have identified many effector cells and molecular pathways, there are few effective therapies for fibrosis to date and the underlying mechanism needs to be examined and defined further. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are endogenous lipid metabolites of arachidonic acid (ARA) synthesized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases. EETs are rapidly metabolized primarily via the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) pathway. The sEH pathway produces dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), which have lower activity. Stabilized or increased EETs levels exert several protective effects, including pro-angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-senescence. Currently, intensive investigations are being carried out on their anti-fibrotic effects in the kidney, heart, lung, and liver. The present review provides an update on how the stabilized or increased production of EETs is a reasonable theoretical basis for fibrosis treatment.
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Verma K, Jain S, Paliwal S, Paliwal S, Sharma S. A clinical perspective of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors in metabolic and related cardiovascular diseases. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:763-778. [PMID: 34544352 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210920104352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolase (EH) is a crucial enzyme responsible for catabolism, detoxification, and regulation of signaling molecules in various organisms including human beings. In mammals, EHs are classified according to their DNA sequence, sub-cellular location, and activity into eight major classes: soluble EH (sEH), microsomal EH (mEH), leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H), cholesterol EH (ChEH), hepoxilin EH, paternally expressed gene 1 (peg1/MEST), EH3 and EH4. The sEH, an α/β-hydrolase fold family enzyme is an emerging pharmacological target in multiple diseases namely, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, chronic pain, fibrosis, diabetes, pulmonary diseases, and immunological disease. It exhibits prominent physiological effect that includes anti-inflammatory, anti-migratory and vasodilatory effects. Its efficacy has been documented in several kinds of clinical trials and observational studies. This review specifically highlights the development of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHIs) in the clinical setting for the management of metabolic syndrome and related disorders such as cardiovascular effects, endothelial dysfunction, arterial disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, and dyslipidemia. In addition, limitations and future aspects of sEHIs have also been highlighted which will help the investigators to bring the sEHI to the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Smita Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Swati Paliwal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
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Amarelle L, Quintela L, Hurtado J, Malacrida L. Hyperoxia and Lungs: What We Have Learned From Animal Models. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:606678. [PMID: 33768102 PMCID: PMC7985075 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.606678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although oxygen (O2) is essential for aerobic life, it can also be an important source of cellular damage. Supra-physiological levels of O2 determine toxicity due to exacerbated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, impairing the homeostatic balance of several cellular processes. Furthermore, injured cells activate inflammation cascades, amplifying the tissue damage. The lung is the first (but not the only) organ affected by this condition. Critically ill patients are often exposed to several insults, such as mechanical ventilation, infections, hypo-perfusion, systemic inflammation, and drug toxicity. In this scenario, it is not easy to dissect the effect of oxygen toxicity. Translational investigations with animal models are essential to explore injuring stimuli in controlled experimental conditions, and are milestones in understanding pathological mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies. Animal models can resemble what happens in critical care or anesthesia patients under mechanical ventilation and hyperoxia, but are also critical to explore the effect of O2 on lung development and the role of hyperoxic damage on bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Here, we set out to review the hyperoxia effects on lung pathology, contributing to the field by describing and analyzing animal experimentation's main aspects and its implications on human lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Amarelle
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hospital de Clínicas, School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Quintela
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hospital de Clínicas, School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Javier Hurtado
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hospital de Clínicas, School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leonel Malacrida
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hospital de Clínicas, School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Institut Pasteur Montevideo and Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Stading R, Couroucli X, Lingappan K, Moorthy B. The role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in hyperoxic lung injury. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 17:171-178. [PMID: 33215946 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1853705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperoxic lung injury is a condition that can occur in patients in need of supplemental oxygen, such as premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play critical roles in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds. AREAS COVERED Through their complex pathways, some subfamilies of these enzymes may contribute to or protect against hyperoxic lung injury. Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is most likely a major contributor of hyperoxic lung injury. CYP1A enzymes have been shown to protect against hyperoxic lung injury while CYP1B enzymes seem to contribute to it. CYP2J2 enzymes help protect against hyperoxic lung injury by triggering EET production, thereby, increasing antioxidant enzymes. The metabolism of arachidonic acid to ω-terminal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETEs) by CYP4A and CYP4F enzymes could impact hyperoxic lung injury via the vasodilating effects of 20-HETE. CYP2E1 and CYP2A enzymes may contribute to the oxidative stress in the lungs caused by ethanol- and nicotine-metabolism, respectively. EXPERT OPINION Overall, the CYP enzymes, depending upon the isoform, play a contributory or protective role in hyperoxic lung injury, and are, therefore, ideal candidates for developing drugs that can treat oxygen-mediated lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Stading
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xanthi Couroucli
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Krithika Lingappan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital , Houston, TX, USA
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Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition in Liver Diseases: A Review of Current Research and Knowledge Gaps. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9060124. [PMID: 32545637 PMCID: PMC7345757 DOI: 10.3390/biology9060124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibition is a valuable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of numerous diseases, including those of the liver. sEH rapidly degrades cytochrome P450-produced epoxygenated lipids (epoxy-fatty acids), which are synthesized from omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, that generally exert beneficial effects on several cellular processes. sEH hydrolysis of epoxy-fatty acids produces dihydroxy-fatty acids which are typically less biologically active than their parent epoxide. Efforts to develop sEH inhibitors have made available numerous compounds that show therapeutic efficacy and a wide margin of safety in a variety of different diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, portal hypertension, and others. This review summarizes research efforts which characterize the applications, underlying effects, and molecular mechanisms of sEH inhibitors in these liver diseases and identifies gaps in knowledge for future research.
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Zheng D, Liu D, Kuang Y, Xu J, Xu G, Tai Q. Toll-like receptor 7 deficiency mitigates hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110345. [PMID: 32535385 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 is an important mediator in inflammation. However, its role in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) remains to be elucidated. METHODS C57BL/6 wild-type and C57BL/6 background TLR 7 deficiency mice were exposed to hyperoxia to stimulate HALI in airtight cages. Animals were sacrificed at 72 h post hyperoxia or room air exposure. Lung injury indicators were measured. Moreover, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity was detected by a 14, 15-EET/DHET ELISA kit. Activation of activator protein (AP)-1 and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) was detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS Our data revealed that pulmonary histological assay and wet to dry weight ratio, myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde activity were reduced in TLR 7 deficiency mice compared with wild-type mice. Moreover, hyperoxia-caused elevation of sEH activity was reduced in TLR 7 deficiency mice. Transcription factors AP-1 activation was significantly inhibited in TLR 7 deficiency mice compared with wild-type mice. Similarly, the activation of NF-κB was reduced in TLR 7 deficiency mice. Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, potent proinflammatory cytokines, were reduced in TLR 7 deficiency mice. CONCLUSION TLR 7 deficiency is associated with inhibition of inflammation in HALI in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Zheng
- Department Of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510000, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510000, China
| | - Yukun Kuang
- The Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510000, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department Of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510000, China
| | - Guixing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510000, China.
| | - Qiang Tai
- Department Of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510000, China.
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Luo XQ, Duan JX, Yang HH, Zhang CY, Sun CC, Guan XX, Xiong JB, Zu C, Tao JH, Zhou Y, Guan CX. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in murine macrophages. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9910-9921. [PMID: 32452554 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) derived from arachidonic acid exert anti-inflammation effects. We have reported that blocking the degradation of EETs with a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor protects mice from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The underlying mechanisms remain essential questions. In this study, we investigated the effects of EETs on the activation of nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing receptor, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in murine macrophages. In an LPS-induced ALI murine model, we found that sEH inhibitor 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl), TPPU, profoundly attenuated the pathological injury and inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, characterized by the reduction of the protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, interleukin precursor (pro-IL-1β), and IL-1β p17 in the lungs of LPS-treated mice. In vitro, primary peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 were primed with LPS and activated with exogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP). TPPU treatment remarkably reduced the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules and blocked the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Importantly, four EETs (5,6-EET, 8,9-EET, 11,12-EET, and 14,15-EET) inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome induced by LPS + ATP or LPS + nigericin in macrophages in various degree. While the inhibitory effect of 5,6-EET was the weakest. Mechanismly, EETs profoundly decreased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restored the calcium overload in macrophages receiving LPS + ATP stimulation. In conclusion, this study suggests that EETs inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by suppressing calcium overload and ROS production in macrophages, contributing to the therapeutic potency to ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Basic Medicine, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.,Department of Medical Technology, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia-Xi Duan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui-Hui Yang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen-Chen Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin-Xin Guan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian-Bing Xiong
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Zu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia-Hao Tao
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cha-Xiang Guan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liu L, Cui H, Xu Y. Quantitative Estimation of Oxidative Stress in Cancer Tissue Cells Through Gene Expression Data Analyses. Front Genet 2020; 11:494. [PMID: 32528526 PMCID: PMC7263278 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative assessment of the intracellular oxidative stress level is a very important problem since it is the basis for elucidation of the fundamental causes of metabolic changes in diseased human cells, particularly cancer. However, the problem proves to be very challenging to solve in vivo because of the complex nature of the problem. Here a computational method is presented for predicting the quantitative level of the intracellular oxidative stress in cancer tissue cells. The basic premise of the predictor is that the genomic mutation level is strongly associated with the intracellular oxidative stress level. Based on this, a statistical analysis is conducted to identify a set of enzyme-encoding genes, whose combined expression levels can well explain the mutation rates in individual cancer tissues in the TCGA database. We have assessed the validity of the predictor by assessing it against genes that are known to have anti-oxidative functions for specific types of oxidative stressors. Then the applications of the predictor are conducted to illustrate its utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Liu
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Haining Cui
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Cancer Systems Biology Center, The China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Olivares-Rubio HF, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ. Role of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in the lung. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 149:106451. [PMID: 32294527 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are synthetized from arachidonic acid by the action of members of the CYP2C and CYP2J subfamilies of cytochrome P450 (CYPs). The effects of EETs on cardiovascular function, the nervous system, the kidney and metabolic disease have been reviewed. In the lungs, the presence of these CYPs and EETs has been documented. In general, EETs play a beneficial role in this essential tissue. Among the most important effects of EETs in the lungs are the induction of vasorelaxation in the bronchi, the stimulation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, the induction of vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteries, anti-inflammatory effects induced by asthma, and protection against infection or exposure to chemical substances such as cigarette smoke. EETs also participate in tissue regeneration, but on the downside, they are possibly involved in the progression of lung cancer. More research is necessary to design therapies with EETs for the treatment of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo F Olivares-Rubio
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70-228, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - J J Espinosa-Aguirre
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70-228, Ciudad de México, México.
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Yang HH, Duan JX, Liu SK, Xiong JB, Guan XX, Zhong WJ, Sun CC, Zhang CY, Luo XQ, Zhang YF, Chen P, Hammock BD, Hwang SH, Jiang JX, Zhou Y, Guan CX. A COX-2/sEH dual inhibitor PTUPB alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Theranostics 2020; 10:4749-4761. [PMID: 32308747 PMCID: PMC7163435 DOI: 10.7150/thno.43108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Dysregulation of arachidonic acid (ARA) metabolism results in inflammation; however, its role in acute lung injury (ALI) remains elusive. In this study, we addressed the role of dysregulated ARA metabolism in cytochromes P450 (CYPs) /cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways in the pathogenesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice. Methods: The metabolism of CYPs/COX-2-derived ARA in the lungs of LPS-induced ALI was investigated in C57BL/6 mice. The COX-2/sEH dual inhibitor PTUPB was used to establish the function of CYPs/COX-2 dysregulation in ALI. Primary murine macrophages were used to evaluate the underlying mechanism of PTUPB involved in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro. Results: Dysregulation of CYPs/COX-2 metabolism of ARA occurred in the lungs and in primary macrophages under the LPS challenge. Decrease mRNA expression of Cyp2j9, Cyp2j6, and Cyp2j5 was observed, which metabolize ARA into epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). The expressions of COX-2 and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), on the other hand, was significantly upregulated. Pre-treatment with the dual COX-2 and sEH inhibitor, PTUPB, attenuated the pathological injury of lung tissues and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, PTUPB decreased the pro-inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and activation of NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in LPS-induced ALI mice. PTUPB pre-treatment remarkably reduced the activation of macrophages and NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro. Significantly, both preventive and therapeutic treatment with PTUPB improved the survival rate of mice receiving a lethal dose of LPS. Conclusion: The dysregulation of CYPs/COX-2 metabolized ARA contributes to the uncontrolled inflammatory response in ALI. The dual COX-2 and sEH inhibitor PTUPB exerts anti-inflammatory effects in treating ALI by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Yang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jia-Xi Duan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shao-Kun Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jian-Bing Xiong
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xin-Xin Guan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhong
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Chen-Chen Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yan-Feng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jian-Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Cha-Xiang Guan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
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Wedgwood S, Steinhorn RH, Lakshminrusimha S. Optimal oxygenation and role of free radicals in PPHN. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 142:97-106. [PMID: 30995536 PMCID: PMC6761018 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective ventilation of the lungs is essential in mediating pulmonary vasodilation at birth to allow effective gas exchange and an increase in systemic oxygenation. Unsuccessful transition prevents the increase in pulmonary blood flow after birth resulting in hypoxemia and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Management of neonates with PPHN includes ventilation of the lungs with supplemental oxygen to correct hypoxemia. Optimal oxygenation should meet oxygen demand to the tissues and avoid hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) while preventing oxidative stress. The optimal target for oxygenation in PPHN is not known. Animal models have demonstrated that PaO2<45 mmHg exacerbates HPV. However, there are no practical methods of assessing oxygen levels associated with oxidant stress. Oxidant stress can be due to free radical generation from underlying lung disease or from free radicals generated by supplemental oxygen. Free radicals act on the nitric oxide pathway reducing cGMP and promoting pulmonary vasoconstriction. Antioxidant therapy improves systemic oxygenation in an animal model of PPHN but there are no clinical trials to support such therapy. Targeting preductal SpO2 between 90 and 97% and PaO2 at 50-80 mmHg appears prudent in PPHN but clinical trials to support this practice are lacking. Preterm infants with PPHN present unique challenges due to lack of antioxidant defenses and functional and structural immaturity of the lungs. This review highlights the need for additional studies to mitigate the impact of oxidative stress in the lung and pulmonary vasculature in PPHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Wedgwood
- Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Robin H Steinhorn
- Department of Hospitalist Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington DC, USA
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Underwood MA, Wedgwood S, Lakshminrusimha S, Steinhorn RH. Somatic growth and the risks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension: connecting epidemiology and physiology 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 97:197-205. [PMID: 30512966 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the premature infant, poor growth in utero (fetal growth restriction) and in the first weeks of life (postnatal growth restriction) are associated with increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension. In this review, we summarize the epidemiologic data supporting these associations, present a novel rodent model of postnatal growth restriction, and review 5 promising mechanisms by which poor nutrition may affect the developing lung. These observations support the hypothesis that nutritional and (or) pharmacologic interventions early in life may be able to decrease risk of the pulmonary complications of extreme prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Underwood
- a Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Stephen Wedgwood
- a Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | | | - Robin H Steinhorn
- b Department of Hospitalist Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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