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Ploton MC, Sommet J, Koehl B, Gaschignard J, Holvoet L, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Benkerrou M, Le Roux E, Bonacorsi S, Faye A. Respiratory pathogens and acute chest syndrome in children with sickle cell disease. Arch Dis Child 2020; 105:891-895. [PMID: 32269038 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-317315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute chest syndromes (ACS) may be associated with upper respiratory tract infections, but the epidemiology of viral and intracellular respiratory pathogens in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is not precisely known. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of viral and intracellular respiratory pathogens in children with SCD presenting with fever and/or ACS. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational, prospective, single-centre cohort study with nested case-control analysis was conducted on children with SCD admitted from October 2016 to October 2017 for fever and/or ACS to the paediatric department of Robert Debré university hospital, Paris, France. They were screened for 20 respiratory pathogens by a multiplex PCR in the nasopharynx (FilmArray). RESULTS We included 101 children. M/F sex ratio of 0.45. The median age was 3.2 years (IQR: 1.4-8.2). At least one pathogen was isolated in 67 patients (67%). The most frequent viruses were as follows: rhinovirus (n=33), adenovirus (n=14), respiratory syncytial virus (n=13) and parainfluenza viruses (n=11). Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected in one case. Twenty-three (23%) presented with or developed ACS. A nested case-control analysis was performed, after pairing ACS with non-ACS children for age and inclusion period. There was no statistical association between any viral detection or multiple viral infection, and ACS (p=0.51) even though parainfluenza viruses were twice as common in ACS. CONCLUSIONS Viral detection in febrile children with SCD is frequent, but its association with ACS was not demonstrated. In this study, M. pneumoniae was rare in young children with SCD experiencing ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Caroline Ploton
- Department of General Pediatrics and infectious diseases, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Paris, France.,Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Nord Ouest, Villefranche, France
| | - Julie Sommet
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Bérengère Koehl
- Reference Center of Sickle Cell Disease, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Jean Gaschignard
- Department of General Pediatrics and infectious diseases, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Holvoet
- Reference Center of Sickle Cell Disease, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | | | - Malika Benkerrou
- Reference Center of Sickle Cell Disease, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Enora Le Roux
- Clinical Research Unit, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, Paris, France.,ECEVE INSERM 1123, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Bonacorsi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of General Pediatrics and infectious diseases, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Paris, France .,Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Tossea SK, Adji EG, Coulibaly B, Ako BA, Coulibaly DN, Joly P, Assi SB, Toure A, Jambou R. Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:215. [PMID: 29609623 PMCID: PMC5880027 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sickle cell anemia is due to a mutations on the betaglobin gene, inducing abnormal hemoglobin. In West Africa the main mutations lead to S or C types of hemoglobin. Patients with homozygote mutations seem protected against severe malaria, but not against mild disease. The prevalence of abnormal hemoglobin among patients attending dispensaries for mild malaria is thus unknown. A retrospective study was conducted to update data on the prevalence of S and C hemoglobin among patients attending dispensaries with mild malaria. Enrolment of patients was conducted during in vivo malaria treatment efficacy survey following the 42 days WHO protocol. A group of non-infected pregnant women and a group of patients with fever different from malaria, were also recruited in the same dispensaries. Results 794 blood samples were included. S and C genotypes were found in all the regions of Ivory Coast with the highest prevalence in the Northern region (S and C genotypes, 27%). In non-infected patients, prevalence of mutations was higher than in malaria patients. Conclusion A high proportion of patients with mild malaria carried genetic hemoglobin disorder. This population of high risk must be better investigated to control treatment efficacy and to manage complications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3296-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Koui Tossea
- Departement de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Eric Gbessi Adji
- Departement de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Baba Coulibaly
- Departement de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Berenger Ako Ako
- Departement de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - David Ngolo Coulibaly
- Departement de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Philippe Joly
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EA 7424, Lyon, France.,Unité de Pathologie Moléculaire du Globule Rouge, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Serge-Brice Assi
- Programme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme, Ministère de la Santé, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Andre Toure
- Departement de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Ronan Jambou
- Departement de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire. .,Departement Parasites et Insectes Vecteurs, Institut Pasteur Paris, Paris, France.
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Owusu EDA, Brown CA, Grobusch MP, Mens P. Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease. Malar J 2017; 16:167. [PMID: 28438159 PMCID: PMC5404324 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past two decades, there has been a reported decline in malaria in Ghana and the rest of the world; yet it remains the number one cause of mortality and morbidity. Human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and sickle cell disease (SCD) share a common geographical space with malaria in sub-Saharan Africa and an interaction between these three conditions has been suggested. This study determined the Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum status of symptomatic and non-symptomatic residents of Mpraeso in the highlands of Kwahu-South district of Ghana based on evidence of current national decline. The influence of HIV and SCD on malaria was also determined. METHODS Participants were 354 symptomatic patients visiting the Kwahu Government Hospital and 360 asymptomatic residents of the district capital. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the minor rainy season (October-December 2014). Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), blood film microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction assessment of blood were done. Participants who tested positive with RDT were treated with artemisinin-based combination therapy; and assessment of venous blood was repeated 7 days after treatment. HIV screening and haemoglobin genotyping was done. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the influence of SCD and HIV. RESULTS Plasmodium falciparum was prevalent at 124/142 (87.3%). Plasmodium malariae was the only non-falciparum species detected at 18/142 (12.7%). HIV and SCD did not significantly increase odds of malaria infection. However, the use of ITN and recent anti-malarial intake significantly decreased the odds of being malaria infected by 0.45-fold and 0.46-fold respectively. CONCLUSION Plasmodium falciparum and P. malariae infection are the prevailing species in the study area; albeit varying from the national average. HIV and SCD were not associated with the risk of having malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewurama D A Owusu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana. .,Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Charles A Brown
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - Martin P Grobusch
- Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Petra Mens
- Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Clinical Parasitology, Division of Laboratory Specialisms, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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