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Bondarev DJ, Ryan RM, Mukherjee D. The spectrum of pneumonia among intubated neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinatol 2024; 44:1235-1243. [PMID: 38698211 PMCID: PMC11379627 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-024-01973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
We review the pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in neonates. VAP has been studied primarily in adult ICU patients, although there has been more focus on pediatric and neonatal VAP (neo-VAP) in the last decade. The definition as well as diagnosis of VAP in neonates remains a challenge to date. The neonatal intensivist needs to be familiar with the current diagnostic tools and prevention strategies available to treat and reduce VAP to reduce neonatal morbidity and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This review also highlights preventive strategies and old and emerging treatments available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayle J Bondarev
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rita M Ryan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Devashis Mukherjee
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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2
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Çakır SÇ, Dorum BA, Özkan H, Köksal N, Kocael F, Budak F, Hacımustafaoğlu M, Çelebi S, Kızmaz MA, Sivrikaya Yıldırım C, Üstün Elmas K. Investigation of the Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum sTREM-1 Levels in Neonatal Meningitis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:1026. [PMID: 39201960 PMCID: PMC11352817 DOI: 10.3390/children11081026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels of the soluble form of triggering receptor-1 expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) in neonatal meningitis. Methods: Serum sTREM-1 levels were measured in all neonatal sepsis patients at the start of antibiotic therapy and the 48th hour of treatment. At the beginning of antibiotic therapy, CSF samples were collected for sTREM-1 measurements. Control CSF samples were also collected from the patients with meningitis at the 48th hour of treatment. Results: A total of 77 preterm (50) and term (27) patients with neonatal sepsis were included in the study. There was no significant difference between the CSF sTREM-1 levels of patients with and without meningitis. The CSF sTREM-1 levels of preterm infants with meningitis decreased significantly after treatment (p = 0.038). Although the CSF/serum sTREM-1 ratios tended to increase in babies with meningitis, no significant difference was found between the groups. CSF/serum sTREM-1 ratios (mean ± SD) were 1.42 ± 0.91 and 1.14 ± 0.85 in preterm babies with and without meningitis and 1.15 ± 0.97 and 0.97 ± 0.55 in term babies with and without meningitis, respectively. Conclusions: Serum and CSF sTREM-1 levels increase in patients with neonatal sepsis. CSF s-TREM-1 levels decrease after treatment in preterm infants with meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Çağrı Çakır
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (H.Ö.); (N.K.); (F.K.); (C.S.Y.); (K.Ü.E.)
| | - Bayram Ali Dorum
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa 16110, Turkey;
| | - Hilal Özkan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (H.Ö.); (N.K.); (F.K.); (C.S.Y.); (K.Ü.E.)
| | - Nilgün Köksal
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (H.Ö.); (N.K.); (F.K.); (C.S.Y.); (K.Ü.E.)
| | - Fatma Kocael
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (H.Ö.); (N.K.); (F.K.); (C.S.Y.); (K.Ü.E.)
| | - Ferah Budak
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (F.B.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Mustafa Hacımustafaoğlu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (M.H.); (S.Ç.)
| | - Solmaz Çelebi
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (M.H.); (S.Ç.)
| | - Muhammed Ali Kızmaz
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (F.B.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Cansu Sivrikaya Yıldırım
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (H.Ö.); (N.K.); (F.K.); (C.S.Y.); (K.Ü.E.)
| | - Kevser Üstün Elmas
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey; (H.Ö.); (N.K.); (F.K.); (C.S.Y.); (K.Ü.E.)
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Xu C, Luo LY, Wu BC, Ding N, Jin SJ, Huang JB, Chen YP. Diagnostic values of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) and interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) for severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100361. [PMID: 38678873 PMCID: PMC11066589 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early diagnosis of Severity Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (SMPP) has been a worldwide concern in clinical practice. Two cytokines, soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells (sTREM-1) and Interferon-Inducible Protein-10 (IP-10), were proved to be implicated in bacterial infection diseases. However, the diagnostic value of sTREM-1 and IP-10 in MPP was poorly known. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of sTREM-1 and IP-10 for SMPP. METHODS In this prospective study, the authors enrolled 44 children with MPP, along with their clinical information. Blood samples were collected, and cytokine levels of sTREM-1 and IP-10 were detected with ELISA assay. RESULTS Serum levels of sTREM-1 and IP-10 were positively correlated with the severity of MPP. In addition, sTREM-1 and IP-10 have significant potential in the diagnosis of SMPP with an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.8564 (p-value = 0.0001, 95% CI 0.7461 to 0.9668) and 0.8086 (p-value = 0.0002, 95% CI 0.6918 to 0.9254) respectively. Notably, the combined diagnostic value of sTREM-1 and IP-10 is up to 0.911 in children with SMPP (p-value < 0.001, 95% CI 0.830 to 0.993). CONCLUSIONS Serum cytokine levels of sTREM-1 and IP-10 have a great potential diagnostic value in children with SMPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Department of Respiratory, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Yan Luo
- Department of Respiratory, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Chen Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Niu Ding
- Department of Respiratory, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Jie Jin
- Department of Respiratory, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Bao Huang
- Department of Respiratory, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China.
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Sdougka M, Simitsopoulou M, Volakli E, Violaki A, Georgopoulou V, Ftergioti A, Roilides E, Iosifidis E. Evaluation of Five Host Inflammatory Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Single Center Cohort Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050921. [PMID: 37237823 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Early diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a challenge due to subjective clinical criteria and the low discriminative power of diagnostic tests. We assessed whether rapid molecular diagnostics in combination with Clinically Pulmonary Index Score (CPIS) scoring, microbiological surveillance and biomarker measurements of PTX-3, SP-D, s-TREM, PTX-3, IL-1β and IL-8 in the blood or lung could improve the accuracy of VAP diagnosis and follow-up in critically ill children. Methods: A prospective pragmatic study in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) was conducted on ventilated critically ill children divided into two groups: high and low suspicion of VAP according to modified Clinically Pulmonary Index Score (mCPIS). Blood and bronchial samples were collected on days 1, 3, 6 and 12 after event onset. Rapid diagnostics were used for pathogen identification and ELISA for PTX-3, SP-D, s-TREM, IL-1β and IL-8 measurements. Results: Among 20 enrolled patients, 12 had a high suspicion (mCPIS > 6), and 8 had a low suspicion of VAP (mCPIS < 6); 65% were male; and 35% had chronic disease. IL-1β levels at day 1 correlated significantly with the number of mechanical ventilation days (rs = 0.67, p < 0.001) and the PICU stay (r = 0.66; p < 0.002). No significant differences were found in the levels of the other biomarkers between the two groups. Mortality was recorded in two patients with high VAP suspicion. Conclusions: PTX-3, SP-D, s-TREM, IL-1β and IL-8 biomarkers could not discriminate patients with a high or low suspicion of VAP diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sdougka
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Simitsopoulou
- Infectious Disease Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elena Volakli
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Asimina Violaki
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vivian Georgopoulou
- Medical Imaging Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Argiro Ftergioti
- Infectious Disease Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Roilides
- Infectious Disease Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elias Iosifidis
- Infectious Disease Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hippokration General Hospital, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Persistently Elevated Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 and Decreased Monocyte Human Leucocyte Antigen DR Expression Are Associated With Nosocomial Infections in Septic Shock Patients. Crit Care Explor 2023; 5:e0869. [PMID: 36861044 PMCID: PMC9970267 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-acquired immunosuppression may play a major role in patients' prognosis through increased risk of secondary infections. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is an innate immune receptor involved in cellular activation. Its soluble form (sTREM-1) has been described as a robust marker of mortality in sepsis. The objective of this study was to evaluate its association with the occurrence of nosocomial infections alone or in combination with human leucocyte antigen-DR on monocytes (mHLA-DR). DESIGN Observational study. SETTING University Hospital in France. PATIENTS One hundred sixteen adult septic shock patients as a post hoc study from the IMMUNOSEPSIS cohort (NCT04067674). INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Plasma sTREM-1 and monocyte HLA-DR were measured at day 1 or 2 (D1/D2), D3/D4, and D6/D8 after admission. Associations with nosocomial infection were evaluated through multivariable analyses. At D6/D8, both markers were combined, and association with increased risk of nosocomial infection was evaluated in the subgroup of patients with most deregulated markers in a multivariable analysis with death as a competing risk. Significantly decreased mHLA-DR at D6/D8 and increased sTREM-1 concentrations were measured at all time points in nonsurvivors compared with survivors. Decreased mHLA-DR at D6/D8 was significantly associated with increased risk of secondary infections after adjustment for clinical parameters with a subdistribution hazard ratio of 3.61 (95% CI, 1.39-9.34; p = 0.008). At D6/D8, patients with persistently high sTREM-1 and decreased mHLA-DR presented with a significantly increased risk of infection (60%) compared with other patients (15.7%). This association remained significant in the multivariable model (subdistribution hazard ratio [95% CI], 4.65 [1.98-10.9]; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In addition to its prognostic interest on mortality, sTREM-1, when combined with mHLA-DR, may help to better identify immunosuppressed patients at risk of nosocomial infections.
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Mercado-Longoria R, Galindo-Galindo JO, Ataxca-Gonzalez MA, Colunga-Pedraza PR, Peña-Lozano SP, Llaca-Díaz JM, Rendón-Ramírez EJ. Thoracic ultrasound alone or in combination with tracheal amylase as a tool predictor of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neurocritical patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32149. [PMID: 36482529 PMCID: PMC9726279 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aim to evaluate whether thoracic ultrasound (TUS) and tracheal amylase (TA) alone or in combination can predict the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in neurocritical patients. Consecutive adult patients with neurocritical disease with normal chest radiographs who required intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation between March 2015 and July 2018 were included. TUS and Amylase levels were measured during the first 24 hours and repeated 48 hours after orotracheal intubation. Forty-three patients with a median age of 34 years (17-82) were included. TUS had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.3% as a predictor of VAP within the first 48 hours when nonpattern A was observed. TA levels > 200 UI/L in the first 48 hours had a sensitivity of 87.5%, and specificity of 63% as a predictor of VAP. Moreover, no benefit of TUS plus TA compared to TUS alone as a predictor of VAP was found. The identification of abnormal TUS patterns in the first 48 hours of orotracheal intubation is a significant predictor of VAP in neurocritical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mercado-Longoria
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Juan O. Galindo-Galindo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Mario A. Ataxca-Gonzalez
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Perla R. Colunga-Pedraza
- Internal Medicine, Department, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Samantha P. Peña-Lozano
- Internal Medicine, Department, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Jorge M. Llaca-Díaz
- Clinical Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario, UANL, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Erick J. Rendón-Ramírez
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
- * Correspondence: Erick J. Rendón-Ramírez, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio, González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Madero y Ave. Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, C.P., Monterrey, N.L. 64460, México (e-mail: )
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El-Sheikh M, Elmahdy H, Nassar M, Fouda M, Ibrahim A, Al-Beltagi M. Role of soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1 and 25-hydroxy vitamin D as early diagnostic markers of neonatal Ventilator-associated pneumonia: A prospective cohort study. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2147-2153. [PMID: 35621053 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common causes of nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated neonates. Nevertheless, its diagnosis is challenging due to the nonspecific clinical parameters and the lack of sensitive biomarkers. The main objective of this study was to compare soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D as early predictors of neonatal VAP. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 85 ventilated neonates divided into the VAP group (n = 33) and the non-VAP group (n = 52). sTREM-1 levels in the endotracheal aspirate (ETA) and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were measured on the third and seventh days following mechanical ventilation. The Ethical and Research Committee approved the study at Tanta University Hospitals, Egypt (with the Approval code: 32751/12/18). RESULTS The sTREM-1 cutoff value of >0.46 and >0.44 ng/ml at 3 and 7 days had a sensitivity of 93.94% and 96.97%, a specificity of 92.31% and 100%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.963 and 0.993, respectively, to predict the development of neonatal VAP. A serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D cutoff value of ≤17.5 ng/ml at 3 and 7 days had a sensitivity of 90.91% and 81.82%, a specificity of 75% and 78.85%, and area under the curve of 0.877 and 0.939, respectively. CONCLUSION Both sTREM-1 in ETA and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D could be used as early predictors of neonatal VAP, but sTREM-1 appears more useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai El-Sheikh
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, AlGharbia, Egypt
| | - Heba Elmahdy
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, AlGharbia, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Nassar
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, AlGharbia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fouda
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, AlGharbia, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Ibrahim
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, AlGharbia, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, AlGharbia, Egypt
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Yan L, Li Y, Wu C, Shi Y, Kong C. Clinical Value of sTREM-1, PCT, and 1,3- β-D Glucan in Diagnosis of Immune-Associated Pulmonary Interstitial Disease with Fungal Infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6095441. [PMID: 35937405 PMCID: PMC9348935 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6095441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Fungal infection in the lungs can cause fungal infectious diseases. This disease develops rapidly and involves a wide range. Pathogenic fungi are also more serious types of pathogenic bacteria. If it invades deep organs and tissues, it will endanger life, so it needs timely diagnosis. Aim To investigate the diagnostic value of serum soluble myeloid cell triggering receptor-1 (sTREM-1), procalcitonin (PCT), and 1,3-β-D glucan detection in immune related lung disease complicated with fungal infection. Methods In this study, a case-control study was conducted. 50 patients with immune-related pulmonary disease complicated with fungal infection (infection group) diagnosed by sputum culture in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected as the control group, and 50 patients with immune-related pulmonary disease without fungal infection were selected as the control group. The levels of sTREM-1, PCT, and 1,3-β-D glucan were compared in the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to analyze the value of the three indicators in the diagnosis of immune-related pulmonary disease complicated with fungal infection, and the changes of the three indicators before and after treatment were compared. Results The levels of sTREM-1, PCT, and 1,3-β-D glucan in the infection group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of sTREM-1, PCT, and 1,3-β-D glucan in the infection group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). The AUC value of sTREM-1 in the diagnosis of immune-related pulmonary diseases complicated with fungal infection was 0.980, the sensitivity was 97.11%, and the specificity was 83.06%. The AUC value of PCT in the diagnosis of immune-related pulmonary diseases complicated with fungal infection was 0.860, the sensitivity was 80.00%, and the specificity was 72.41%. The AUC value of 1,3-β-D glucan in the diagnosis of immune-related pulmonary diseases complicated with fungal infection was 0.993, the sensitivity was 98.74%, and the specificity was 99.16%. The levels of sTREM-1, PCT, and 1,3-β-D glucan in the infection group after treatment were considerably lower than those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The detection of sTREM-1, PCT, and 1,3-β-D glucan levels has high clinical value for the diagnosis of immune-related pulmonary diseases complicated with fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chunye Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuquan Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chunyu Kong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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Effah CY, Drokow EK, Agboyibor C, Ding L, He S, Liu S, Akorli SY, Nuamah E, Sun T, Zhou X, Liu H, Xu Z, Feng F, Wu Y, Zhang X. Neutrophil-Dependent Immunity During Pulmonary Infections and Inflammations. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689866. [PMID: 34737734 PMCID: PMC8560714 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid recruitment of neutrophils to an inflamed site is one of the hallmarks of an effective host defense mechanism. The main pathway through which this happens is by the innate immune response. Neutrophils, which play an important part in innate immune defense, migrate into lungs through the modulation actions of chemokines to execute a variety of pro-inflammatory functions. Despite the importance of chemokines in host immunity, little has been discussed on their roles in host immunity. A holistic understanding of neutrophil recruitment, pattern recognition pathways, the roles of chemokines and the pathophysiological roles of neutrophils in host immunity may allow for new approaches in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disease of the lung. Herein, this review aims at highlighting some of the developments in lung neutrophil-immunity by focusing on the functions and roles of CXC/CC chemokines and pattern recognition receptors in neutrophil immunity during pulmonary inflammations. The pathophysiological roles of neutrophils in COVID-19 and thromboembolism have also been summarized. We finally summarized various neutrophil biomarkers that can be utilized as prognostic molecules in pulmonary inflammations and discussed various neutrophil-targeted therapies for neutrophil-driven pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emmanuel Kwateng Drokow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Clement Agboyibor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihua Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sitian He
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Senyo Yao Akorli
- College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Nuamah
- College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Tongwen Sun
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Fang C, Mao Y, Jiang M, Yin W. Serum sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 Levels in Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia and Their Diagnostic Value. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:7179796. [PMID: 34691220 PMCID: PMC8528593 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7179796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. It is characterized by severe symptoms, long course of disease, many intrapulmonary complications, and poor therapeutic effect. In recent years, the incidence of Mycoplasma infection have been gradually rising trend, and the children's own immune system development is not mature, cases differences, children with mild can only show the upper respiratory tract infection, and critically ill children can lead to lung infection and even lead to multiple organ dysfunction, affect life and health of children. Soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1) is a subtype secreted by myeloid cell trigger receptor-1, which is released into blood in large amounts when the body is infected, and is a newly discovered inflammatory indicator in recent years. CXC chemokine 16 (CXCL-16) can recruit lymphocytes by chemotaxis through binding to its receptor CXCR6 to participate in the body's immune regulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate serum sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 levels in children with MPP and to analyze their correlation with the disease and diagnostic value. The results showed that the serum levels of sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 were increased in children with Mycoplasma. Serum levels of sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 were positively correlated with the severity of the disease. sTREM-1 combined with CXCL-16 has an important value in the diagnosis of children with MPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchao Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China
| | - Yueyan Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China
| | - Mingfen Jiang
- Department of Hemodialysis Center, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China
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