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Liu S, Ouyang Y, Tang Q, Mei B, Li C. Prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum among outpatients in central China: A retrospective study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116394. [PMID: 38850689 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) are the common sexually transmitted pathogens and lead to genital diseases, highly prevalent all around the world. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of NG, CT and UU among outpatients in central China. A total of 2186 urogenital swabs were collected from the patients and the NG, CT and UU pathogens were testing with RT-PCR method, meanwhile the medical records were obtained from the hospital information system. The overall infection rates of NG, CT and UU were 4.57 %, 6.63 % and 48.81 % respectively, showed the prevalence of UU was higher than NG and CT. The younger people had the highest infection rate of NG (10.81 %), CT (20.54 %) and UU (54.59 %). Single infection (89.09 %) was significant higher than co-infection (10.91 %), and the CT-UU co-infection was the prominent pattern (66.41 %). There were an obvious sex difference, the prevalence of NG and CT were significant higher in male, whereas UU was higher in female. Our study could contributed a better understanding of the prevalence of NG, CT and UU, facilitating to the development of effective screening, prevention and treatment policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoling Ouyang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Mei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengbin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Han Y, Jiang J, Ma Y, Chen Y, Diao Z, Huang T, Li J, Feng W, Li Z, Li J, Zhang R. External quality assessment for molecular detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum in China. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117864. [PMID: 38461865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A pilot external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for molecular detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) was conducted by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) to evaluate the testing capabilities of clinical laboratories and the actual performance of DNA-based nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) and RNA-based NAATs when applied in clinical settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS The EQA panel contained twelve lyophilized samples, including positive samples containing inactivated cell culture supernatants of UU at different concentrations and sterile saline for negative samples. The positive samples were further divided into three groups of high, moderate and low concentrations. The panels were distributed to the participants and the datasets were analyzed according to the qualitative results. RESULTS A total of 365 laboratories participated in the EQA scheme, and 360 results submitted by 338 laboratories were collected, of which 96.11 % (346/360) of the returned results and 95.86 % (324/338) of the laboratories were deemed competent. The positive percentage agreement (PPA) was ≥ 97.5 % for high and moderate concentration samples, but varied significantly for low concentration samples, decreasing from 86.94 % to 51.94 % as the sample concentration decreased. Additionally, for low concentration samples, RNA-based NAAT showed higher PPAs than DNA-based NAATs, but these results were specific to UU supernatants used in this study. CONCLUSION Most of UU detection assays employed by the participants were generally consistent with their estimated limit of detection (LOD), and the majority of participants can reliably detect UU samples with high and moderate concentrations, while the poor analytical performance for low concentration samples requires further improvement and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Han
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ma
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhenli Diao
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wanyu Feng
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiang Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, P. R. China; National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Ma J, Wang Z, Luo C, Xi J, Wang X, Hu Y, Zhu C, Jin Z. Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Neonatal Ureaplasma urealyticum Infection. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:1323-1332. [PMID: 38585416 PMCID: PMC10995099 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s452014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To understand the epidemiology and clinical features of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection in hospitalized neonates due to vertical transmission from mother to child. Methods Respiratory secretions were collected from neonates hospitalized in the neonatology department of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from July 2020 to June 2022, and PCR was used to detect UU-DNA in respiratory secretions. The neonates were divided into UU-positive and UU-negative groups, the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of two groups, were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 7257 hospitalized neonates were included in this study, of whom 561 were UU positive and 6696 were UU negative, with a UU detection rate of 7.73%. The detection rate among female neonates was higher than male neonates, and the highest detection rate was found in the period from 1-7 days after birth; the detection rate was highest in spring and fall, and the lowest in winter, but the overall difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with the UU-negative group, neonates in the UU-positive group were more likely to be preterm, have a lower birth weight, be delivered vaginally, and have maternal preterm rupture of membranes. In addition, neonates in the UU-positive group were more likely to be co-infected with pathogens and to have complications related to UU infections, which were all statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Neonatal UU infections are detected more frequently in female infants, with the highest detection rate occurring in 1-7 days after birth, and the most prevalent periods for infection being spring and fall. Vaginal delivery and premature rupture of membranes may lead to an increased risk of vertical UU transmission from mother to child, and UU infection is strongly associated with preterm labor, low birth weight, pathogen co-infection, and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun’e Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanjin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin’ou Xi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengliang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengjiang Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
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Zeng J, Wu T, Wang L, Yu L, Lin H, Chen Z. Characteristics of reproductive tract infections caused by common pathogens among the outpatients of reproductive medicine center in Putian: retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:315. [PMID: 38486167 PMCID: PMC10941379 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to explore the infection and age distribution of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Herpes simplex virus type II (HSV II) among the outpatients of Reproductive Medicine Center in Putian, Fujian Province to provide a clinical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of various reproductive tract diseases and infertility in this region. METHODS A total of 1736 samples of secretions and exfoliated cervical cells were collected from the outpatients of the Reproductive Medicine Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University from December 2021 to April 2023. The infections of UU, CT, NG and HSVII were detected by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the infection statuses of the patients with different genders, ages and diagnoses were analysed. RESULTS Among the 1736 patients, 611 were male and 1125 were female. The male patients had higher UU infection rate but lower HSV II infection rate than the female patients. No significant difference in CT and NG infection rates was observed between the genders. The CT infection rate gradually decreased with the increase in the age. The difference in UU, NG and HSV II infection rates among the different age groups was not statistically significant. For UU infection, the male infertile patients had the highest rate of 37.72% (172/456). Meanwhile, the differences in CT, NG and HSV II infection rates among the different diagnosis groups were not statistically significant. Among the male and female infertile patients, the CT infection rate was the highest in the 21-25 years of age group at 11.11% (2/18) and 9.47% (9/95), respectively. No statistically significant difference in UU, CT, NG and HSV II infection rates was observed among the different age groups of patients diagnosed in relation to the family planning guidance and between the male and female patients with other diagnoses results. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that UU was the most frequently identified pathogen in infertile men in Putian, Fujian Province. The CT infection rate was the highest in people under 20 years old, and the infection showed a tendency toward young individuals. Therefore, the publicity of sexual health knowledge must be strengthened, and the prevention and treatment of venereal diseases among young and middle-aged people must be improved. Moreover, the pathogen infection is related to infertility to a certain extent, which is conducive to clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zeng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, No.999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Tingli Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, No.999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Laiping Wang
- Comprehensive Technology Service Center of Quanzhou Customs, Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Building, South Section of Citong East Road, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liumin Yu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, No.999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Hua Lin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, No.999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology (Putian University), Fujian Province University, No.1133 Xueyuan Middle Street, Chengxiang District, Putian, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhanfei Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, No.999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology (Putian University), Fujian Province University, No.1133 Xueyuan Middle Street, Chengxiang District, Putian, Fujian, China.
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Wang Z, Xia M, Chen Y, Yang Z, Yi J, Kong L, Zhang H, Luo G, Li R, Dou Y. Prevalence of Ureaplasma species among patients at a tertiary hospital in China: a 10-year retrospective study from 2013 to 2022. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:1425-1437. [PMID: 37843646 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04678-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ureaplasma species are common pathogens of the urogenital tract and can cause a range of diseases. Unfortunately, there is still a scarcity of large-scale and cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of Ureaplasma species in China to clarify their epidemic patterns. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 18667 patients who visited Peking Union Medical College Hospital for showing various symptoms of (suspected) Ureaplasma species infection during the period 2013-2022. The overall prevalence of Ureaplasma species was calculated, and subgroup analyses were conducted in view of gender, age, specimen types, and diagnosis in every year within the period studied. Furthermore, previous literature that reported on the prevalence of Ureaplasma species in various regions of China was searched and summarized. RESULTS The overall positive rate of Ureaplasma species in this study reached 42.1% (7861/18667). Specifically, the prevalence of Ureaplasma species was significantly higher in female patients, while the highest detection rate was found in the 21-50 age group. From 2013 to 2022, there were no significant differences in positive rates of Ureaplasma species among years. However, the detection rate of Ureaplasma species was decreased in COVID-19 period (2020-2022) compared to pre-COVID-19 period (2017-2019). In view of the distribution of patients, outpatients predominated, but the detection rate was lower than inpatients. Urine was the most common specimen type, while cervical swabs had the highest detection rate of Ureaplasma species. When grouped by diagnosis, the highest positive rate of Ureaplasma species was seen in patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes and the lowest rate in patients with prostate disease. The previous literature, although heterogeneous, collectively suggested a high prevalence of Ureaplasma species in China. CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown that Ureaplasma species have reached a significant prevalence in China and demands adequate attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mingqi Xia
- Department of Education, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jie Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lingjun Kong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guoju Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yaling Dou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Wang S, Ding L, Liu Y, Sun Z, Jiang W, Miao Y, Wang S, Meng J, Zhao H. Characteristics of common pathogens of urogenital tract among outpatients in Shanghai, China from 2016 to 2021. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1228048. [PMID: 38089034 PMCID: PMC10711282 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the prevalent causes of several genital diseases worldwide; however, their characteristics in different genders have not been well documented in Shanghai. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of common pathogens among outpatients, considering variations by gender and age. Methods From January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021, the urogenital swabs of 16216 outpatients aged 3-95 years from two general hospitals in Shanghai were collected. All participants' swabs were investigated for U. urealyticum, C. trachomatis, and N. gonorrhoeae by isothermal RNA-based simultaneous amplification and testing. The basic information of all participants was also recorded, including age and gender. The chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence between different genders, age groups, and infection patterns. Results There were 5,744 patients (35.42%) with positive samples whose ages ranged from 7 to 80 years (33.23 ± 8.63 years), and 62.14% of them were women. The most common pathogen detected was U. urealyticum (85.08%). The highest prevalence rate of all three pathogens was found in patients aged ≤ 20 years (40.53%, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 33.80%-47.63%). The prevalent rate of U. urealyticum was higher in men (33.36%, 95% CI: 32.19%-34.55%). The overall prevalence rates of U. urealyticum, C. trachomatis, and N. gonorrhoeae were 30.14% (95% CI: 29.44%-30.85%), 6.00% (95% CI: 5.64%-6.38%), and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.89%-2.33%). Conclusions Ureaplasma urealyticum was the most prevalent pathogen in the population, and its prevalence decreased with age. Young men aged ≤ 20 years were more frequently infected. Regular screening for sexually transmitted pathogens in different genders and age groups are warranted, particularly in young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenrong Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxin Miao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Hernández-Rosas F, Rey-Barrera M, Hernández-Barajas F, Rangel-Soto C, García-González MS, Franco-González SS, de León-Bautista MP. Unveiling Hidden Risks: Intentional Molecular Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Vaginosis Pathogens in Patients Who Have Been Exclusively Tested for Human Papillomavirus Genotyping. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2661. [PMID: 38004673 PMCID: PMC10672824 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide, with popular screening methods including the Papanicolaou test and HPV genotyping. However, in clinical practice, coinfections with other pathogens are often underestimated. Therefore, our study aims to describe the prevalence of STIs and vaginosis in urogenital samples from patients who had been tested exclusively for HPV genotyping. METHODS This analytical, prospective, cross-sectional study included 408 males and females. Eligible participants had positive and negative HPV genotyping test results and agreed to early detection or had HPV antecedents. They provided the same urogenital samples used for HPV detection and, through our multiplex in-house PCR assay, we screened for Candida spp., Ureaplasma spp., Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV), Mycoplasma spp., molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV), Treponema pallidum, Haemophilus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella spp. The subsequent statistical analysis aimed to reveal correlations between HPV genotypes and the identified pathogens. RESULTS Of the participants, 72.1% (n = 294) tested positive for HPV genotypes. HR-HPV (high-risk HPV) genotypes comprised 51 (8.1%), 66 (7.1%), and 58 (6.1%). Haemophilus spp., Ureaplasma spp., Candida spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycoplasma spp. frequently co-occurred with HPV infection (p < 0.05). Gender-based variations were notorious for Ureaplasma spp., Mycoplasma spp., and MCV (p < 0.05). Coinfections were prevalent (43.9%), with a positive HPV result elevating the risk for Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma spp., Staphylococcus aureus, HSV, and MCV (OR > 1, p < 0.05). HPV 16 correlated with HSV and Ureaplasma spp., while HPV 6 was linked with HSV and MCV (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This screening strategy uncovered significant coinfections and associations between HPV genotypes and pathogens, underscoring the importance of routine screening to explore clinical implications in urogenital health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Hernández-Rosas
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Engineering Division, Anahuac Queretaro University, Querétaro 76246, Mexico;
- Research Center, Anahuac Queretaro University, Querétaro 76246, Mexico
| | | | - Flavio Hernández-Barajas
- Translational Medicine, Vanguard and Technology Transfer Sector, Human Health Department, Central ADN Laboratories, Morelia 58280, Mexico
| | - Claudia Rangel-Soto
- Translational Medicine, Vanguard and Technology Transfer Sector, Human Health Department, Central ADN Laboratories, Morelia 58280, Mexico
| | | | | | - Mercedes Piedad de León-Bautista
- Translational Medicine, Vanguard and Technology Transfer Sector, Human Health Department, Central ADN Laboratories, Morelia 58280, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Vasco de Quiroga, Morelia 58090, Mexico
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Ma Y, Jiang J, Han Y, Chen Y, Diao Z, Huang T, Feng L, Chang L, Wang D, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang R. Comparison of analytical sensitivity of DNA-based and RNA-based nucleic acid amplification tests for reproductive tract infection pathogens: implications for clinical applications. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0149723. [PMID: 37606383 PMCID: PMC10581061 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01497-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, DNA-based nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and RNA-based NAATs are employed to detect reproductive tract infection (RTI) pathogens including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU). Although evaluations of DNA-based NAATs have already existed, the comparison of the two methods is scarce. Thus, we compared the limits of detection (LODs) of DNA-based and RNA-based NAATs on the same experimental conditions. Inactivated culture supernatants of CT, NG, and UU with determined pathogen DNA and RNA load were used to evaluate LODs of seven DNA kits and one RNA kit. The LODs of the seven DNA kits for CT, NG, and UU ranged between 38-1,480, 94-20,011, and 132-2,011 copies/mL, respectively. As for RNA kits, they could detect samples at RNA concentrations of 3,116, 2,509, and 2,896 copies/mL, respectively. The RNA concentrations of CT, NG, and UU were 40, 885, and 42 times that of corresponding pathogen DNA concentrations in the employed supernatants, so RNA kits could detect pathogen DNA concentrations as low as 78 copies/mL, 3 copies/mL, and 69 copies/mL, respectively, but the level of pathogen load that the RNA tests could detect was primarily dependent on the infectious phase and transcriptional level of RNA. Thus, a schematic of bacterial dynamics during the period of reproductive tract infections was provided, which suggests that in terms of the analytical sensitivity of pathogen detection, RNA tests are more suitable for detecting active infection and recovery phase, while DNA tests are more suitable for detection in the early stage of infection. IMPORTANCE Reproductive tract infections have considerable effects on the health of humans. CT, NG , and UU are common pathogens. Although evaluation of DNA-based tests has already existed, the comparison between DNA-based and RNA-based tests is rare. Therefore, this study compared the limits of detection of the two tests on the same experimental conditions. Results suggested that most DNA-based NAATs could detect CT, NG, and UU at DNA concentrations lower than 1,000 copies/mL, while RNA-based NAATs could detect bacteria at RNA concentrations around 3,000 copies/mL. Considering the copy number of RNA per bacterium is dynamic through the growth cycle, further comparison is combined with a schematic of bacterial dynamics. Results suggested that in terms of the analytical sensitivity of pathogen detection, RNA tests are more suitable for detecting active infection and recovery phase, while DNA tests are more suitable for detection in the early stage of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxi Han
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenli Diao
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Feng
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Chang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Duo Wang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ahmed OB, Bahwerth FS. Detection of urogenital pathogens in sterile pyuria samples by polymerase chain reaction. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s12301-022-00332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with sterile pyuria may be infected with sexually transmitted diseases or have renal tuberculosis. This study investigated the possibility of detecting sexually transmitted diseases and Mycobacterialtuberculosis in sterile pyuria samples with polymerase chain reaction.
Methods
Forty-four day-3 negative urine culture samples were investigated for the presence of sexually transmitted diseases and Mycobacterialtuberculosis.
Results
Among the 44 samples, 61.4% were positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for bacterial DNA (either sexually transmitted diseases or Mycobacteria). Among the 27 positive samples, 37% were positive for Ureaplasmaurealyticum, 26% were positive for Chlamydiatrachomatis, 14.8% were positive for Neisseriagonorrhoeae, 11.1% were positive for Mycoplasmagenitalium, 7.4% were positive for Mycoplasmahominis, and only one sample (3.7%) was positive for Mycobacterialtuberculosis. No significant associations were found between PCR-positive urine samples and patient characteristics.
Conclusions
It was concluded that Ureaplasmaurealyticum was predominant in sterile pyuria followed by Chlamydiatrachomatis. There were no significant associations between PCR-positive samples and sex, symptomatic patients, or antibiotic use. PCR is an instant diagnostic tool for sexually transmitted diseases in sterile pyuria; hence, it is advised to be performed on negative culture samples as a routine laboratory screening test whenever possible.
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10
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Ning N, Weng R, Zhang C, Wen L, Wang H, Ye J, Li J, Chen X, Cai Y. Cluster analysis for symptomatic management of Neisseria gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis in sexually transmitted infections related clinics in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1005481. [PMID: 36466460 PMCID: PMC9714346 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1005481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to perform a cluster analysis of symptoms linked with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and to identify which cluster of symptoms was associated with a higher risk of NG and CT. STUDY DESIGN From 15 April to 16 May 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted, and patients attending sexually transmitted infections (STI) related clinics were recruited from 22 medical institutions in six districts of Shenzhen city. METHODS A structured questionnaire was used to collect social-demographic information as well as STI symptoms, and urine samples were collected for nucleic acid detection. Cluster analysis and logistic regression were applied. RESULTS Among 8,207 participants, the prevalence of CT and NG infection was 9.04% (742/8,207) and 2.36% (194/8,207), respectively. Among male outpatients, four clusters with distinct symptomatic patterns were identified. Unmarried, having casual sexual partners in the past 6 months, cluster 2 (OR = 6.70, 95% CI = 3.36-13.35) and cluster 4 (OR = 24.53, 95% CI = 12.96-46.44) were risk factors associated with NG infection. Unmarried, cluster 2 (OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.83-3.53) and cluster 4 (OR = 3.31, 95% CI = 2.37-4.61) were risk factors associated with CT infection. Among female outpatients, five clusters with distinct symptomatic patterns were identified. Aged 24 years or below and cluster 3 (OR = 3.68, 95% CI = 1.61-8.39) were risk factors associated with NG infection. Aged 24 years or below, unmarried, having a high school/secondary technical school education, and having junior high school or below education were risk factors associated with CT infection. CONCLUSION The cluster of symptoms integrated into risk assessment for CT and NG infections suggests a new strategy of symptomatic management. Healthcare providers in STI clinics and resource-limited places may use this strategy to identify more potential patients and deliver adequate, acceptable, and equitable STI care for outpatients with a high risk of STI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ning
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Rongxing Weng
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunlai Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lizhang Wen
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Honglin Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbin Ye
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Li
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangsheng Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- National Center for STD Control, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumao Cai
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
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